Systematic Notes on Leptostigma Setulosum (Rubiaceae)
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The Vegetation of Robinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan
The Vegetation ofRobinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile1 Josef Greimler,2,3 Patricio Lopez 5., 4 Tod F. Stuessy, 2and Thomas Dirnbiick5 Abstract: Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, as is the case with many oceanic islands, has experienced strong human disturbances through exploitation ofresources and introduction of alien biota. To understand these impacts and for purposes of diversity and resource management, an accu rate assessment of the composition and structure of plant communities was made. We analyzed the vegetation with 106 releves (vegetation records) and subsequent Twinspan ordination and produced a detailed colored map at 1: 30,000. The resultant map units are (1) endemic upper montane forest, (2) endemic lower montane forest, (3) Ugni molinae shrubland, (4) Rubus ulmifolius Aristotelia chilensis shrubland, (5) fern assemblages, (6) Libertia chilensis assem blage, (7) Acaena argentea assemblage, (8) native grassland, (9) weed assemblages, (10) tall ruderals, and (11) cultivated Eucalyptus, Cupressus, and Pinus. Mosaic patterns consisting of several communities are recognized as mixed units: (12) combined upper and lower montane endemic forest with aliens, (13) scattered native vegetation among rocks at higher elevations, (14) scattered grassland and weeds among rocks at lower elevations, and (15) grassland with Acaena argentea. Two categories are included that are not vegetation units: (16) rocks and eroded areas, and (17) settlement and airfield. Endemic forests at lower elevations and in drier zones of the island are under strong pressure from three woody species, Aristotelia chilensis, Rubus ulmifolius, and Ugni molinae. The latter invades native forests by ascending dry slopes and ridges. -
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories Compiled by S. Oldfield Edited by D. Procter and L.V. Fleming ISBN: 1 86107 502 2 © Copyright Joint Nature Conservation Committee 1999 Illustrations and layout by Barry Larking Cover design Tracey Weeks Printed by CLE Citation. Procter, D., & Fleming, L.V., eds. 1999. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Disclaimer: reference to legislation and convention texts in this document are correct to the best of our knowledge but must not be taken to infer definitive legal obligation. Cover photographs Front cover: Top right: Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome (Richard White/JNCC). The world’s largest concentrations of southern rockhopper penguin are found on the Falkland Islands. Centre left: Down Rope, Pitcairn Island, South Pacific (Deborah Procter/JNCC). The introduced rat population of Pitcairn Island has successfully been eradicated in a programme funded by the UK Government. Centre right: Male Anegada rock iguana Cyclura pinguis (Glen Gerber/FFI). The Anegada rock iguana has been the subject of a successful breeding and re-introduction programme funded by FCO and FFI in collaboration with the National Parks Trust of the British Virgin Islands. Back cover: Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris (Richard White/JNCC). Of the global breeding population of black-browed albatross, 80 % is found on the Falkland Islands and 10% on South Georgia. Background image on front and back cover: Shoal of fish (Charles Sheppard/Warwick -
The Vegetation of a Kettlehole at Cass
TH VEGETATION OF A KETTLEHOLE AT CASS, 'WAIMAKARIRI R. BASIN Bevan M. Gilpin THEJ/J PREJENTED FOR THE DEOREE OF MAJ TER OF JCIENCE IN BOTANY UNIVERJITY OF CANTERBUR Y 1963 CONTENTS. Page. R~sum~ Part I. Introduction Part II. The vegetation Part III. Transplant experiments with Yio1a cunninghamii 54· Part IV. The analysis of the soil Part V. Conclusions 75. "Appendices 80. Bibliography Acknowledgements 98. (2) lOR The kettlehole vegetation is noticeably . depaupera ted. The primary cause of this is the complete submergence of the region for some months of each year. This environmental factor operates through both the genotype and the phenotype of the plant. The conclusions were derived from floristic and sociological studies of the vegetation, transplant experiments with Xiola cunninghamii, and an analysis of the properties of the soil .. (3) FIG. I. 'rht~ kettlehole from the northwest, Nov., :1963. PART I. '.", '(. \ ..:. ~_) ,~\l1 ;;i\.0U~Y CHR.I$lCl-k:+:'Cij, N.Z. A glaciated landscape provides a great diversity of landforms that challenge the intellect to probe their origins. Equally challenging are the distinctive plant associations that may be found on these landforms. When traversing the st. Bernard Saddle mors.ines of the Cass River Basin one encounters a small basin nestled in the moraine humm.ocks and striking for its distinctive low plant covering that differs markedly from the immediately surrounding low-tussock grass- land. A close examination reveals that many species of the tussock grassland are absent from this kettlehole and those that are present are commonly dwarfed; also there are present a number of species not found in the surroundings. -
Muelleria 28-1 Text.Indd
A new species of Leptostigma (Rubiaceae: Coprosminae) and notes on the Coprosminae in Australia Ian R. Thompson National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Avenue, South Yarra, 3141, Australia; School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia; e-mail: [email protected] Introduction Abstract Subtribe Coprosminae (Rubiaceae: tribe Anthospermeae) was erected by A new species of Leptostigma Fosberg (1982) to distinguish a relatively uniform morphological group Arn. (Rubiaceae: Coprosminae), L. breviflorum I.Thomps., is described placed among a broadly distributed and heterogeneous assemblage from Victoria, Australia and compared of genera. The Coprosminae has a trans-Pacific distribution, occuring to L. reptans (F.Muell.) Fosberg. A in Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Hawaii, Central America and key to Australian genera in the South America. Its make-up has undergone several modifications since Coprosminae and a revised key to its erection, and is now thought to comprise five genera, Coprosma Coprosma J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Australia are presented. Distribution J.R.Forst. & G.Forst., Durringtonia R.J.Hend. & Guymer, Leptostigma Arn., maps and nomenclatural information Nertera Banks & Sol. ex Gaertn., and Normandia Hook.f. Fosberg (1982) are presented for all species in the indicated that the Coprosminae were distinguished from the remainder Coprosminae in Australia, including of the Anthospermeae by drupaceous fruits containing a pair, usually, those in Leptostigma, Coprosma, of planoconvex pyrenes and a basal attachment of ovules. Pomax Sol. Nertera Banks & Sol. ex Gaertn. and ex DC. and Opercularia Gaertn. are the two Australian genera in the Durringtonia R.J.Hend. -
Set 3 Plains Plant List AA
Food for native birds: F = Fruit TOTARA – bellbird – matai, S = Bird Seed N = Nectar older plains ecosystem B = Bud/foliage I = Insects For lizards: L = fruit Plant Tolerances ■ = tolerates or needs □ = intolerant ½ = tolerant of some * = to establish, protect from frost t = toxic for toddlers Staging 1 = 1st structural 2 = 2nd year PLANT LISTS Selected from vegetation natural to these moist & deep 3 = only after canopy closure Kaiapoi soils Tolerances TALL (NOBLE) TREES (> 12 m) Food sun shade wet dry wind Stages Alectryon excelsus titoki F,I ½ ■ ½ ½ □ 3* Cordyline australis ti kouka, cabbage tree F,N,I ■ ½ ■ ■ ■ 1 Elaeocarpus dentatus hinau F,I ½ ½ ½ ½ □ 3* Pittosporum eugenioides tarata, lemonwood F,I ■ ■ ½ ■ ½ 1 Plagianthus regius manatu, lowland ribbonwood (deciduous) I, B ■ ½ ½ ½ ■ 1 Podocarpus totara totara F ■ ½ ½ ■ ■ 2 Prumnopitys taxifolia matai, black pine F ■ ½ ■ ½ ■ 2 Pseudopanax crassifolius lancewood, horoeka F,N,B,I ■ ½ ½ ■ ■ 2 Sophora microphylla South Island kowhai N,B ■ ½ ½ ■ ■ t 2 SMALL TREES & TALL SHRUBS (> 5 m) Aristotelia serrata makomako, wineberry (semi-decid) F,I,B ½ ½ ½ ½ □ 2 Carpodetus serratus putaputaweta, marbleleaf F,I ½ ■ ½ ½ □ 2 Coprosma areolata net-leaved coprosma F,B ½ ■ ■ ½ □ 2* Coprosma linariifolia linear-leaved coprosma, yellow-wood F ½ ■ ½ ½ ½ 2 Coprosma lucida shining karamu F ½ ■ ½ ½ ■ 2 Coprosma robusta karamu F ■ ■ ■ ½ ½ 1 Coprosma rotundifolia round-leaved coprosma F,B ½ □ ■ □ □ 2* Dodonaea viscosa akeake I □ ½ □ □ □ 2* Fuchsia excorticata kotukutuku, tree fuchsia (decid) F,N,B ½ ■ ½ □ □ -
Nertera Scapanioides (Rubiaceae) Redescribed
Nertera scapanioides (Rubiaceae) redescribed Rhys O. Gardner Auckland Museum, Private Bag 92018, Auckland, New Zealand (Received 17 August 1998, revised and accepted 19 July 1999) Abstract Nertera scapanioides Lange, endemic to New Zealand, is redescribed and compared to the five other species oi Nertera in this country. A local but often abundant plant of lowland to mid-altitude peat bogs of parts ofthe North I., South I. and Stewart Island, it is distinguished by its almost orbicular, cordate leaves and slender, non-striated, multicellular hairs. The original description of TV scapanioides was based on material cultivated in Copenhagen in the 1860s, but the ultimate source of this remains unknown. Keywords: Nertera scapanioides - Nertera - Rubiaceae - taxonomy - New Zealand flora Introduction servations were also made on live plants of Nertera scapanioides and other species referred to This article redescribes Nertera scapanioides, a below. These plants were growing naturally or lowly bog plant lost to the sight ofNew Zealand were in cultivation in Auckland gardens. Ana botany for almost a hundred years. Compara tomical investigations on wood anatomy and hair tive data on the five other New Zealand species morphology were made using hand-sections oi Nertera are also provided. The species that has stained with chlor-zinc-iodine or phlorogluci- been known as Nertera setulosa (Allan 1961) is nol-HCl. here considered to belong to a separate genus Leptostigma (Fosberg 1982) and its character is Taxonomy considered elsewhere (Gardner 1999). In his evaluation ofthe taxonomy and bioge It is difficult to begin without quoting Allans ography of Rubiaceae Subtribe Coprosminae, (1961: 591) plaintive footnote: Heads (1996) chose to include all species of "I know nothing of N scapanioides Lange Ind. -
On the Flora of Australia
L'IBRARY'OF THE GRAY HERBARIUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY. BOUGHT. THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEING AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. r^/f'ORElGN&ENGLISH' <^ . 1859. i^\BOOKSELLERS^.- PR 2G 1.912 Gray Herbarium Harvard University ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION. I I / ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, ITS ORIGIN, AFFINITIES, AND DISTRIBUTION; BEIKG AN TO THE FLORA OF TASMANIA. BY JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., F.R.S., L.S., & G.S.; LATE BOTANIST TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Reprinted from the JJotany of the Antarctic Expedition, Part III., Flora of Tasmania, Vol. I. LONDON : LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1859. PRINTED BY JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. CONTENTS OF THE INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. § i. Preliminary Remarks. PAGE Sources of Information, published and unpublished, materials, collections, etc i Object of arranging them to discuss the Origin, Peculiarities, and Distribution of the Vegetation of Australia, and to regard them in relation to the views of Darwin and others, on the Creation of Species .... iii^ § 2. On the General Phenomena of Variation in the Vegetable Kingdom. All plants more or less variable ; rate, extent, and nature of variability ; differences of amount and degree in different natural groups of plants v Parallelism of features of variability in different groups of individuals (varieties, species, genera, etc.), and in wild and cultivated plants vii Variation a centrifugal force ; the tendency in the progeny of varieties being to depart further from their original types, not to revert to them viii Effects of cross-impregnation and hybridization ultimately favourable to permanence of specific character x Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection ; — its effects on variable organisms under varying conditions is to give a temporary stability to races, species, genera, etc xi § 3. -
Tupeia Antarctica
Tupeia antarctica COMMON NAME Tāpia, pirita, white mistletoe, tupia, kohuorangi SYNONYMS Viscum antarcticum G.Forst., V. pubigerum A.Cunn., Tupeia cunninghamii Miq. T. pubigera Miq. FAMILY Loranthaceae AUTHORITY Tupeia antarctica (G.Forst.) Cham. et Schlecht FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON Yes ENDEMIC GENUS Tupeia antarctica from the Catlins. Yes Photographer: John Barkla ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons NVS CODE TUPANT CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 24 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: CD PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | At Risk – Declining | Qualifiers: CD 2004 | Gradual Decline BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rounded shrub to 1m wide growing on other trees with white bark, finely hairy rounded twigs (lens needed), fleshy variously-shaped bright green leaves and whiteish to pinkish fruit. Leaves 10-70mm long. Flowers tiny. DISTRIBUTION Close up of foliage. Photographer: Chris Ecroyd Endemic to the North and South Islands. HABITAT Forest or scrub (often in regenerating vegetation), where it is parasitic on a wide range of hosts including tarata, karo, Coprosma species, putaputaweta, fivefinger, white maire and broom. FEATURES A shrubby semi-parasite to 1 m diameter. Leaves are oppositely arranged, variable in shape, 10 to 70 by 10 to 40 mm, slightly fleshy and bright green. Stems are always rounded in cross section near the tips, have pale white to grey bark, and downy or hairy branchlets. Flowers are tiny, greenish-yellow. Fruit are fleshy, white to pink, 5 to 7 mm diameter. SIMILAR TAXA Peraxilla colensoi, P. tetrapetala and Trilepidea adamsii all have colourful flowers. Ileostylus micranthus has tiny, yellow-green flowers, a ‘bent’ style, yellow fruit and young stems that are squarish in cross-section and have multiple attachments to its host. -
Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY NUMBER 17 Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae Martin Lawrence Grant, F. Raymond Fosberg, and Howard M. Smith SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1974 ABSTRACT Grant, Martin Lawrence, F. Raymond Fosberg, and Howard M. Smith. Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 17, 85 pages, 1974.-Results of a botanical inves- tigation of the Society Islands carried out by Grant in 1930 and 1931, and subsequent work on the material collected and other collections in the U.S. herbaria and other published works are reported herein. This paper is a partial descriptive flora of the Society group with a history of the botanical exploration and investigation of the area. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Srnithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 5056. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllurn juponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Grant, Martin Lawrence, 1907-1968. Partial flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae. (Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 17) Supt. of Docs. no.: SI 1.29:17. 1. Botany-Society Islands. I. Fosberg, Francis Raymond, 1908- , joint author. 11. Smith, Howard Malcolm, 1939- , joint author. 111. Title. IV. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smith- sonian contributions to botany, no. 17. QK1.2747 no. 17 581’.08s [581.9’96’21] 73-22464 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, US. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $1.75 (paper cover) The senior author, after spending almost a year during 1930 and 1931 in the Society Islands, collecting herbarium material and ecological data, worked inten- sively on a comprehensive flora of this archipelago for the next five years. -
Falkland Islands Species List
Falkland Islands Species List Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 BIRDS* 2 DUCKS, GEESE, & WATERFOWL Anseriformes - Anatidae 3 Black-necked Swan Cygnus melancoryphus 4 Coscoroba Swan Coscoroba coscoroba 5 Upland Goose Chloephaga picta 6 Kelp Goose Chloephaga hybrida 7 Ruddy-headed Goose Chloephaga rubidiceps 8 Flying Steamer-Duck Tachyeres patachonicus 9 Falkland Steamer-Duck Tachyeres brachypterus 10 Crested Duck Lophonetta specularioides 11 Chiloe Wigeon Anas sibilatrix 12 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 13 Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera 14 Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica 15 Silver Teal Anas versicolor 16 Yellow-billed Teal Anas flavirostris 17 GREBES Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae 18 White-tufted Grebe Rollandia rolland 19 Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis 20 PENGUINS Sphenisciformes - Spheniscidae 21 King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus 22 Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua Cheesemans' Ecology Safaris Species List Updated: April 2017 Page 1 of 11 Day Common Name Scientific Name x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 23 Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus 24 Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus 25 Southern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome 26 ALBATROSSES Procellariiformes - Diomedeidae 27 Gray-headed Albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma 28 Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris 29 Royal Albatross (Southern) Diomedea epomophora epomophora 30 Royal Albatross (Northern) Diomedea epomophora sanfordi 31 Wandering Albatross (Snowy) Diomedea exulans exulans 32 Wandering -
Fernglen Native Plant Gardens New Year Greetings to All of Our Friends
Fernglen Native Plant Gardens Summer Newsletter 2013 New Year greetings to all of our Friends 1. News from Fernglen 2. Book Review: ‘Auckland’s Remarkable Urban Forest’ by Mike Wilcox 3. A Look Back in History: James Hector - An Amazing Early Scientist. 4. ‘Wicked Plants - The weed that killed Lincoln’s mother, and other botanical atrocities’ by Amy Stewart. 5. A look at our native Gunnera. 6. Winstone’s new and noteworthy plant list from 1980. Page 1 1. Summer at Fernglen – New plants for the Gardens. Well despite the very hot weather in Auckland recently, the Fernglen Gardens are surviving. The summer tidy up has begun with watering, weeding and cutting back spent foliage for a start. Maintenance of reserves is carried out largely by volunteers, with Council providing some materials such as potting soil. If any of the Friends would like to potter and offer a bit of time helping out, this would be much appreciated. Assistance would be given. We have several additions to the divaricating shrub collection at Ben’s Ridge – these are : Coprosma crassifolia Coprosma intertexta Coprosma neglecta Coprosma pedicellata Coprosma propinqua Coprosma propiniqua var latiscula Coprosma neglecta Myrsine divaricata Coprosma wallii Photo permission Jeremy Rolfe Photo by the late John Smith- Myrsine divaricata http://www.nzpcn. Dodson http://www.nzpcn There are quite a few species in flower or berry in the rockery, highlighting the fact that there is always something of interest to view at Fernglen throughout the seasons : Parahebe catarractae (just inside the gate) Pimelea prostrata (end of one of the troughs near the gate) Carmichaelia egmontiana – pink-mauve flowers (trough) Pimelea oreophila – white flowers in a tub- front of the alpine house Rubus parvus – with raspberry-like berries(rockery on bush margin) Myosotis petiolata var. -
Evaluation of Genetic Isolation Within an Island Flora Reveals Unusually
Downloaded from http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on March 7, 2015 Evaluation of genetic isolation within an island flora reveals unusually widespread local adaptation and supports sympatric speciation rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org Alexander S. T. Papadopulos1, Maria Kaye2,Ce´line Devaux3, Helen Hipperson1, Jackie Lighten4, Luke T. Dunning1, Ian Hutton5, William J. Baker6, Roger K. Butlin7 and Vincent Savolainen1,6 Research 1Grand Challenges in Ecosystem and the Environment Initiative, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK Cite this article: Papadopulos AST et al. 2014 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK 3 Evaluation of genetic isolation within an island Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France 4Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2 flora reveals unusually widespread local 5Lord Howe Island Museum, Lord Howe Island, PO Box 157, New South Wales 2898, Australia adaptation and supports sympatric speciation. 6Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 369: 20130342. 7Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0342 It is now recognized that speciation can proceed even when divergent natural selection is opposed by gene flow. Understanding the extent to which environ- One contribution of 14 to a Theme Issue mental gradients and geographical distance can limit gene flow within species ‘Contemporary and future studies in plant can shed light on the relative roles of selection and dispersal limitation during speciation, morphological/floral evolution and the early stages of population divergence and speciation.