Volume 29, Number 2 Fall 2018
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Volume 29, Number 2 Fall 2018 Premillennialism and Hermeneutics BRAD KLASSEN Premillennialism and the Old Testament MICHAEL A. GRISANTI Premillennialism in the New Testament GREGORY H. HARRIS Premillennialism and the Kingdom MICHAEL J. VLACH Romans 4:11 and the Case for Infant Baptism MATT WAYMEYER TMS.edu Volume 29 Fall 2018 Number 2 The Master’s Seminary Journal CONTENTS Editorial ............................................................................................................... 123-126 Nathan Busenitz Premillennialism and Hermeneutics ................................................................... 127-155 Brad Klassen Premillennialism and the Old Testament ........................................................... 157-176 Michael Grisanti Premillennialism in the New Testament ............................................................ 177-205 Gregory H. Harris Premillennialism and the Kingdom .................................................................... 207-232 Michael J. Vlach Romans 4:11 and the Case for Infant Baptism ................................................... 233-255 Matt Waymeyer Reviews ................................................................................................................ 257-268 John H. Walton and J. Harvey Walton The Lost World of the Israelite Conquest .............................................................. 257-260 Reviewed by Michael A. Grisanti Jason S. DeRouchie How to Understand and Apply the Old Testament ................................................ 260-264 Reviewed by Iosif J. Zhakevich Mike Fabarez Raising Men, Not Boys ........................................................................................ 264-266 Reviewed by John W. Dube John A. Beck The Holy Land for Christian Travelers ................................................................. 266-268 Reviewed by Michael A. Grisanti MSJ 29/2 (Fall 2018) 123–26 EDITORIAL LIVING IN THE LIGHT OF THE FUTURE Nathan Busenitz Dean of Faculty The Master’s Seminary “If you read history you will find that the Christians who did most for the present world were just those who thought most of the next. It is since Christians have largely ceased to think of the other world that they have become so ineffective in this.” – C. S. Lewis1 * * * * * This issue of the Master’s Seminary Journal primarily focuses on eschatology, the doctrine of last things. The articles found here present a compelling case for pre- millennialism—the teaching that, following His imminent return, the Lord Jesus will establish an earthly kingdom in Jerusalem for a thousand years, prior to the eternal state and the establishment of a new earth. The premillennial position rests on several key tenets, including: (1) the consistent application of literal hermeneutics to biblical prophecy (in both Old and New Testaments), (2) a proper distinction between na- tional Israel and the church (cf. Rom. 11:26), and (3) a chronological reading of the book of Revelation, where the events described in Revelation 19 precede those de- picted in chapters 20–21. While sound arguments can be summoned to defend the premillennial position, as the articles that follow will demonstrate, it is vital to remember that eschatology is far more than an academic topic to be debated. In His Word, God has revealed truth about the end of the age, and that truth is intended to do more than merely generate colorful charts or provide fodder for bestselling novels. Why has God revealed so much about the future to His people? At least three answers to that question might be considered, each of which demonstrates the fact that biblical truth about the future is meant to edify and encourage believers in the 1 C. S. Lewis, Mere Christianity (New York: Harper Collins, 2001), 134. 123 124 | Editorial present. To say it more bluntly, eschatology is inherently practical. One’s understand- ing of future events ought to impact his or her present reality in substantive ways. Like all of divine revelation, what the Bible reveals about last things is intended to transform believers presently and progressively into the image of Christ through the power of the Holy Spirit (cf. 2 Cor. 3:18; 2 Tim. 3:16–17). Consider the following three categories in light of what Scripture reveals about the future: (1) hope, (2) holiness, and (3) the honor of God. Hope The truth about the future provides believers with hope for the future, even in the face of trials or death. Thus, Paul could tell the Thessalonians that Christians do not grieve “as the rest of the world who have no hope” (1 Thess. 4:13). Death for them was not the great unknown. Instead, it represented their final homegoing (cf. Phil. 1:21). Speaking of heaven, Charles Spurgeon observed: The very happiest persons I have ever met with have been departing believers. The only people for whom I have felt any envy have been dying members of this very church, whose hands I have grasped in their passing away. Almost without exception I have seen in them holy delight and triumph. And in the exceptions to this exceeding joy I have seen deep peace, exhibited in a calm and deliberate readiness to enter into the presence of their God.2 Writing about his trials, the apostle Paul similarly explained to the Corinthians, “For momentary, light affliction is producing for us an eternal weight of glory far beyond all comparison, while we look not at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen; for the things which are seen are temporal, but the things which are not seen are eternal” (2 Cor. 4:17–18). Because believers know what the future ultimately holds, they can face the temporal troubles of this life with confi- dence and courage. Holiness In addition to producing hope, any study of the future ought to promote holiness in the lives of the redeemed. In the words of one commentator, writing about the eternal state, “The New Jerusalem is the reality that finalizes the hopes of God’s peo- ple and rewards them for all they have endured. It also is intended to spur the readers to greater faithfulness in the present, knowing what is at stake.”3 Recognizing that they will soon be in the presence of their heavenly King, those who belong to Christ desire to please Him and reflect His perfect character in every way possible. As the apostle John wrote in his first epistle, “We know that when He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is. And everyone who has this hope fixed on Him purifies himself, just as He is pure” (1 John 3:2b–3). 2 Charles Spurgeon, Spurgeon at His Best (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1988), 51. 3 Grant R. Osborne, Revelation, BECNT (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2002), 727. The Master’s Seminary Journal | 125 Believers understand that they will be rewarded by Christ for their faithfulness in this life (Rom. 14:10; 2 Tim. 4:8). The reality of a heavenly future puts the prior- ities and pursuits of this life in proper perspective (cf. Matt. 6:19–21). Such an eternal mindset motivated the nineteenth-century missionary, Adoniram Judson, who said: A few days and our work will be done. And when it is once done, it is done to all eternity. A life once spent is irrevocable. Let us, then, each morning, resolve to send the day into eternity in such a garb as we shall wish it to wear forever. And at night let us reflect that one more day is irrevocably gone.4 Those words echo the heartbeat of the apostle Paul, whose entire ministry was motivated by eternal concerns. As he told the Corinthians, “Therefore we also have as our ambition, whether at home or absent, to be pleasing to Him. For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be recompensed for his deeds in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad” (2 Cor. 5:9–10). The Honor of God Finally, biblical eschatology provides a vivid reminder of the fact that the pur- pose behind all of salvation history is the glory of God. After Christ returns, His glory will be marvelously seen on earth during His millennial reign. Ultimately, the mani- festation of that glory will culminate in the blazing light of the new heavens and earth. It will radiate throughout the New Jerusalem and engulf every one of heaven’s in- habitants. For all of eternity, believers will bask in the wonder of God’s grace and glorify Him for His infinite mercy and kindness. The unmerited favor of God will forever thrill the hearts of the redeemed, and they will praise and exalt Him as a result. The awe of redemptive love will fuel their worship. As Richard Baxter so aptly expressed, As we paid nothing for God’s eternal love and nothing for the Son of His love, and nothing for His Spirit and our grace and faith, and nothing for our eternal rest… what an astonishing thought it will be to think of the unmeasurable dif- ference between our deservings and our receivings. O, how free was all this love, and how free is this enjoyed glory. So then let DESERVED be written on the floor of hell but on the door of heaven and life, THE FREE GIFT.5 With inexhaustible joy, believers from every age of human history will join together in unending adoration and thanksgiving to God for the unmerited kindness of His grace (cf. Rev. 5:9–14). Clearly, eschatological truth ought to motivate be- lievers in their homeward journey, as they navigate through this world as sojourners and citizens of another realm (Phil. 3:20). To do that effectively, they must set their 4 Adoniram Judson as cited in Edward Judson, The Life of Adoniram Judson (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1883), 14–15. 5 Richard Baxter, The Saints Everlasting Rest (Reprint; Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publi- cation, 1847), 36–37. 126 | Editorial eyes on Him and the glorious future He has promised (Col. 3:1–2; Heb. 12:1–2). Fo- cusing on God’s reign during the Millennial Kingdom and beyond is not a hindrance to the life of faith; it is the essence of it (Heb.