Revision of the Norwegian material of the D asy p ho r a Robineau - Desvoidy (Diptera, Mu scidae) with new records of species and localities

KNUT ROGNES

Rognes, K. 1979. Revision of the Norwegian material of the genus Dasyphora Robineau- Desvoidy (Diptera, ) with new records of species and localities. Fauna norv. Ser. B, 26,49-58.

Material of the genera Dasyphora Robineau-Desvoidy and Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy in the collections of Tromsø Museum, Tromsø; Museum of Zoology, Bergen; Museum of Zoo- logy, Oslo (Siebke's collection); and the author have been examined and revised. Dasyphora cyanella (Meigen) is reported from Norway for the first time, records indicating a pronoun- ced atlantic distribution, remarks on its biology given, and the cercal plate figured' Speci mens collected in Troms, Northern Norway, determined as D. cyanella by Ringdahl, are shown to belong to D. zimini Hennig. Records of D. zimini, D. cyanella and D. cyanicolor (Zetterstedt) from Norway are listed and reliable finds mapped. Some notes on Pyrellia ig- rila Robineau-Desvoidy and P. cadaverina (L.) are given. Morphological differences bet- ween D. zimini and D. cyanella are discussed. Some aberrations in the chaetotaxy of the middle tibia are described. The amount and extent of dusting on the mentum usually sepa- rate D. cyanella and D. zimini. A key to Norwegian species of Dasyphora is given.

Knut Rognes, Havørnbrautene 7a, N-4040 Madla, Norway.

INTRODUCTION Q97 7) recorded D. cyanella from Denmark. Ne- In the lalTest revision of the palearctic Muscidae ither D. zimini nor D. cyanicolor, however, are (Hennig reported from Denmark. to appear I 95 5 - 60 a new species , Da- syphora zimini D. zimini and D. cyanicolor only are previo- Hennig, l9 64,, was described. It (Ringdahl is almost identical to its closest relative, Dasyp- usly known from Norway 1952, Hennig 1955 6q. During last years, hora cyanella (Meigen, 1820, from which ear- - the three lier authors did not distinguish, it but differs in however, a large number of a green metallic certain characters of the head and middle tibiae muscid have been collected by the author in be- and in its geographical range. D. zimini rs repor- the district around Stavang€r, Norway, all ted mostly from Northern and Middle Europe, longing to D. cyanella. Thus all three species oc- while D. cyanella is present in Western and cur in Norway. Southern Europe. From Scandinavia Hennig A revision of the Norwegian material of the genus had, of these two species, seen D. zimini only Dasyphora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 seems desirable order as- and was inclined to believe that all published re- in to confirm Hennig's published cords of D. cyanella from Scandinavia belonged sumptions about records of D. cya- nella, and order to obtain basic knowledge to D. zimini. He cites a number of publications of in of Ringdahl concerning Norwegian and Swedish its Scandinavian distribution. records, and one of Tiånsuu concerning Finnish records (Hennig 1964: 961-96». Hennig ho- MATERIAL AND METHODS wever, apparently did not examine specimens determined by Ringdahl or Tiensuu as D. cya- The following museum material of the genera nella. A more distant relative, Dasyphora cyani- Dasyphora and Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, color (Zetterstedt, 1845) also is present in Scan- 1830 were revised: 24 specimens in Tromsø dinavia. Museum, Tromsø (mostly previously published Recently, Pont (1971) confirmed D. zimini as by Ringdahl, 1928, 1944d, 6 specimens in Mu- a Swedish species by collecting a female speci- seum of Zoology, Bergen (previously unpublis- men in Småland, Southern Sweden. Michelsen hed), and 18 specimens in Museum of Zoology,

Fauna norv. Ser. B. 26: 49-58. Oslo 1979. 49 Oslo (mostly collected and previously published found on the labels of the remaining two speci- by Siebke, 1877). mens placed in the collection under Dasyphora In addition 156 specimens collected by me (2 (sic) eriophthalma, both identified above.); deposited at Museum of Zoology, Copenhagen, ?Trondheim, I d, ?date, H. Siebke, EIS 92,ZMO no. 5934, (Siebt

DASYPHORA ZIMINI Hennig, 1964 New records Revised records AKERSHUS: AK: Oslo, Tøyen, 2 d d , 14 APril AKERSHUS:AK: Oslo , Tøyen I d ?date, H. Siebke, 1852, H. Siebke, EIS 28,, ZMO nos. 5936,, 5937. EIS 28, ZMO no. 5938, (Siebke, 1877: 97 as Py- (These specimens are placed under P. serena in Si- rellia serena Meigen). (ttris may well be the speci- ebke's collection, but the date indicates that they men from July 1850 mentioned by Siebke, have never been published (cfr. Siebke 1877: 97,, I oc.cit., bottom line). bottom line) ). OPPLAND: Os: Ringebu, ?loc., I A ,25 July 1850?, HEDMARK: HEn: Tynset, Tyldal, 1 I ,, 24 July H. Siebke, EIS 63,ZMO no. 5943, (Siebke, 1877: 1848, H. Siebke, EIS 72, ZMO no. 5946; I g, ? 98 as P. cyanicolor Zetterstedt). On: Dovre, Hjer- date, H. Siebke, EIS 72,ZMO no. 5947.(gottr spe- kinn, I d , 27 July 1852? , H. Siebke, EIS 71,, cimens are placed under P. cyanicolor in Siebke's ZMO no. 5949, (Siebke, 1877: 98 as P. erioph- collection, but the locality is not mentioned by Si- thalma Macquart). ebke, 1877: 97 -98). BUSKERUD: Bø: Ringerike, Hønefoss, I g,? date, UNKNOWN PROVINCE: ?loc., I 6, ?date, H. Si- H. Siebke, EIS 36, Z}l4O no. 5951, (Siebke, 1877: ebke, ZMO no. 5948. (ttre specimen is the only 98 as P. eriophthalma). one placed under Dasyphora (sic) lasiophthalma SØR-TRØNDELAG: STi: Oppdal, ?Kongsvoll, I d, Macquart in Siebke's collection, and it is labelled ?date, H. Siebke, EIS 79,, ZMO no 5950, (Siebke, ((var: coloroviridacuprio» in very small handwri- 1877: 98 as P. eriophthalma). (The specimen is la- ting. Siebke (1877: 98, under the name P. lasioph- belled «Dovre» only, but the locality is certainly thalma Meigen (sic)) mentions no own catches, right, since of the three localities mentioned by Si- the only statement is: «Ad Thynæs in par. Skogn ebke - ((. .,adHønefos et in alpe Dovre ad Jerkin a prof. Zetterstedt observata.>>. The specimen car- et Kongsvold legi. ..»> (loc.cit.,line 8 and 9 from ab- ries the ordinary label «Siebke» (in print), howe- ove) - the names of the first two ones have been ver, identifying the collector.)

50 Reliable published records Orthellia caesarion (Meigen, 1826) ØMO no. se4q). AKERSHUS: AK: Oslo, EIS 28. NORDLAND: Nsi: Rana, Krokstrand, d 18 Aug. HEDMARK: HEs: Eidskog, Eidskog?, EIS 38? (Hen- I , 1926, A. Grønlie, EIS l24,TM, (Ringdahl 1944a: nig 1964: 96». 12 as P. cyanicolor). SØR-TRØNDELAG' ?STi,3 dd, ll V. aA, TROMS: TRi: Målselv, Bjerkeng, 3 13 June Storm, (Ringdahl 1944b, 1944c: 83 as P. cyanel- a a , 1897, O. Bidenkap, EIS 154?, TM, (Bidenkap, la). I have in vain searched for these speci- I 901 60 as P. serena Meigen. In this publication mens. They are not present in Trondheim, Lund, ' the date and sex are wrong. Ringdahl, 1928: 8 as or Stockholm. On the maps (Figs. I A, 2) they are P. serena); Frihetsli, I d 29 July 1922, T. Soot- recorded for EIS 92 and STi, respectively. , Ryen, EIS 147 , TM, (Ringdahl, I 928,8 as P. sere- na). (The female specimen from Finnsnes (Ring- Unverified published record dahl 1944a: l2 - P. cyanicolor) is a misidentified VESTFOLD: VE: ?loc., d Q, 1891, O. Bidenkap, D. zimini, see above). (Bidenkap, 1892: 239 as P. lasiophthalma Macqu- art). The specimen is probably lost and the record New records is not presented on the maps. AKERSHUS: AK: Oslo, Tøyen, I Q ,23 April 1848, H. Siebke, EIS 28, TM. DASYPHORA CYANELLA (Meigen, 1826) HEDMARK: HEn: Åmot, ?Løset, I d , ?date, H. Si- New records ebke, EIS 64, TM. Fron, ?loc., H. Siebke, EIS ROGALAND: Ry' Hetland (?Sandnes), Dale, I g, OPPLAND: On' I Q, 62?, ZMO no. 5939. (Ttris specimen is placed in 2l April 1968, T. Nielsen, EIS 7, ZMB; Sta- collection under the name P. serena.) vilflger: Aukland, Byhaugen, Gosen, Krossberg, the BUSKERUD: Bø: Flesberg, Belgen, I d 27 July Kvernevikskogen, Lærerskolen, Sunde, Tasta, Ul- , 197 Rognes, 27 July landhaug; Time, Njåskogen; Randab€rB, Hålands- 9, K. EIS , KR; Hvila, 27 1979,,2 d C, K. Rognes, EIS 27, KR; Kongsb€rg, vatn, 38 d d, 102 7 April 15 Oct. e e, Hvittingsfoss, g, 6 Aug. 1979, K. Rognes, 1977 K. Rognes, EIS 7, KR. Stavanger, I C, I -1979, EIS 19, KR; Ringerike, Løvha, I g, 3l July Sunde, I d , 8 Oct. 197 8, K. Rognes, EIS 7 , ZMC; 1977, K. Rognes, EIS 36, KR. Krossberg, I Q, I May 1977, K. Rognes, EIS 7, ZMC. VESTFOLD: VE: Hof, Thorrud, 3 C d, 3 a a ,, 28 1979, Rognes, KR. HORDALAND: HOy: Fana, Dolvik, g 12 Sept. July K. EIS 28, I , g 1937, N. Knaben, EIS 30, ZMB; Bergen, Mus6ha- TELEMARK: TEy: Drangedal, Tørnes, I , 28 gen, I g ,, 28 Sept. 1936, N. Knaben, EIS 39, June 1978, K. Rognes, EIS 18, KR. " AAy: Tvedestrand, Fiane, g 27 ZMB; Asane, Steinestø, I d, 8 May 1966, A.Lø- AUST-AGDER' I , Rognes, KR. ken, EIS 39,, ZMB. June 1979, Ø. EIS 6, These are the first records from Norway. HORDALAND: HOy: Tysnes, Ånuglo, I d , 13 May 1970, Museum of Zoology, Excursion, EIS 23, Note ZMB. In ZMB is a damaged specimen (SFi' Sogndal, Åber- get, I g ,29 May 1948, A. Løken, EIS 50) deter- Reliable published records mined by O. Ringdahl as P. cyanella Meig. be- SØR-TRØNDELAG: ?STi, I d, I Q, V. Storm, longing either to D. zimini or to D. cyanella. (Ringdahl, 1944c: 83 as P. cyanicolor). I have in vain searched for these specimens, see above under D. zimini. On the maps (Figs. I C, 3) I have DASYPHORA C YANICOLOR (Zetterstedt, I 845) recorded them for EIS 92 and STi, respectively. Revised records NORDLAND: Nnø: Tysfjord, ?1oc., ?sex, ?date, E. Strand, (Strand, 1903: 7 as P. cyanicolor, E. Girsc- HEDMARK: HEn: Åmot, ?Løset, 1 d ,,?date, H. Si- hner det., Ringdahl, 1928: 8 as P. serend. Onthe ebke, EIS 64, Z}i[O no. 5935, (Siebke,, 1877: 97 as maps (Figs. I C, 3) I have recorded this specimen P. cadaverina). (This must be the specimen from 4 139? and Nnø, respectively. I do not Aug. 1870 since the only other specimen placed for EIS know where, if anywhere, the specimen is depo- under P. cadaverina in the collection is a D. zimini sited. from Trondheim (ZMO no. 5934), see above.); I d 27 July 1848, H. Siebke, EIS 64, ZMO no. , Unverified published records 5942 (Siebke, 1877:98 as P. cyanicolor). OPPLAND: On: Fron, ?loc., I d, H. Siebke, EIS BUSKERUD: Bv: Å1, ?loc., ?sex, ?date, E. Strand, 62? , ZMO no. 5 945,6iebke, I 87 7 : 98 as P. cyani- (Strand, 1900: 70 as P. serenø). Not recorded on color). (ttre specimen from Hønefoss (Siebke the maps. 1877: 98 line 2 from above) is not in the collec- VESTFOLD: VE: ?loc., d Q, 1891, O. Bidenkap, tion. The specimen from Vang (On,Vang) (Bidenkap, 1892, 239 as P. cyanicolor). This is an (loc.cit.) is a misidentified female specimen of unreliable record (cfr. Bidenkap's determination

5l of the two female specimens of D. zimini from preference. Outside Scandinavia it has been re- Tromsdal, see above), and not recorded on the ported from Scotland, England, Netherlands, maps. These specimens probably are lost. France, Spain, Portugal (including the Azores), Hungary, from several localities in the Mediter- PYRELLIA IGNITA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 ranean region (Italy, Yugosl ayta, Greece, Israel), In Siebke's collection there are one male and one and even from Iran, but not from Germany female specimen of Pyrellia ignita QMO nos. (Hennig 1963: 951 0. An immigration to Nor- 5940, 5941, respectively) each carrying a small way from the British Isles, where it is very com- square black label in addition to the label with the mon (Fonseca 1968), seems plausible. Michelsen museum number. They are placed in the collec- 0977) suggests that has been expanding its tion under the nam e P. aenea Zetterstedt. No ot- it her information is supplied, neither collector, lo- range northwards relatively recently, having cality nor date. Siebke 0877) does not refer to reached the southern parts of Denmark during them. They have probably not been found in Nor- the last decades, since ali Danish records date !\ray. from the 1970's. The Norwegian records from Hennig (1963, 94» records P. ignita from Norway, 1936 and 1937 seem to indicate that this has oc- referring to it the following wå1l: «...Norwegen curred earlier, if recently at all. (Tysfjord u.å.: Ringdahl 1928)...». But in Ring- D. cyanicolor (Figs. lC, 3) is widespread in dahl's paper this locality is mentioned with expli- Scandinavia. It is reported to be common in the cit reference to Strand under the name «P. serena north of Great Britain, but to become uncom- (Meig.) Stein» which is a synonym to D. cyanico- rnon and local towards the south (Fonseca lor.ln Strand's own paper (Strand 1903' 7) the lo- 1968). The lack of records from Denmark is cality is mentioned under the name «P. cyanicolor surprising, especially since has been recorded Zett.» and the species, like all the other ones pub- it lished in that paper, has been identified by E. from Germany and France. It also occurs in Girschner. Hennig's record is probably due to North America (Hennig 1963). some misunderstanding. Ringdahl 095» does not record the species from Norway. Strand's re- cord is placed among the reliable published re- cords of D. cyanicolor (see above). REMARKS ON THE BIOLOGY OF D.CYANELLA IN THE STAV.ANGER AREA

PY R EL LIA CA DA VE R I NA (L.) All the localities where the species has been ca- ught by the author lie within about 500 m from Unverified published record a field where cattle graze for parts of the year. TROMS: TRi: Målselv, Maukstad, I g , 16 June The larvae develop in cow droppings (Hennig 1897, O. Bidenkap, EIS 154, (Bidenkap, l90l: 60 te64). as P. aenea Zetterstedt, Ringdahl, 1928: 8 as P. The imago survives the winter (Hennig 1964) cadaverina). Ringdahl så/s: <

52 Fig. l. Records of Dasyphora Robineau-Desvoidy from Norway. - A) D. zimini Hennig, B) D. cyanella (Meigen), C) D. cyanicolor (Zetterstedt).

DIFFERENCE S MORPHOI]OGICAL The middle tibia of both sexes of D. zimini BETWEEN D. ZTMINI AND D. CYANELLA carries, according to Hennig ( 1964), one or two Morphological differences mainly relate to the shorter setae above and in line with the compa- width of frons (Hennig l96q (fig. 4), the chae- ratively large anterodorsal seta, while rn D. cya- totaxy of the middle tibia, and certain characte- nella no such smaller setae are present. This is ristics of the mouthparts. The latter two points the case with most specimens in the material will be considered in some detail. seen by the author (Figs. 5A, where even three

53 Fig. 2. Provincial records of D. cyanella (Meigen) and records from Hennig 096q (Norway) and Pont D. zimirzi Hennig from Fennoscandia and Denmark. 0971) (Sweden). Dotted zte"s: D. zimini (as D. cya' Black &re&s: D. cyanella, new records (Norway) and nella), records from Ringdahl (1944c,, 195» (Nor- records from Michelsen (1977) (Denmark). Hatched wåy, Sweden) and Tiensuu (1935) (Finland). See also år€ås: D. zimini, revised and new records (Norway), Note on p. 51.

smaller setae are evident, 5B). However, some the specimen is very immature, the width of the aberrations do occur. One specimen of D. zimini frons points to D. zimini. QMO no. 5948) has no small seta above the ln D. cyanella only one examined specimen of large anterodorsal seta on the left middle tibia. each sex is aberrant with regard to the chaeto- The right middle tibia unfortunately is lost. The taxy of the middle tibia (i.e. a frequency of less width of the frons and the dusting of the men- than 2%o). The male specimen has a small addi- tum (see below) indicate, however, that the spe- tional seta on the right tibia and two such ones cimen belongs to D. zimini. Another specimen on the left (Fig. 5C). The specimen, however, øMO no. 5 943) shows one small seta above the clearly is a D. cyanella as shown by the narrow large anterodorsal seta on the left middle tibia, frons (fig. 4C), the fact that it was captured to- but no such seta on the right one. Even though gether with 22 quite normal male specimens,

54 o 26 2go 3oo

Fig. 3. Provincial records of D. cyanicolor (Zetter- cords from Ringdahl (1952) (Sweden) and Tiensuu stedt) from Fennoscandia and Denmark. Revised, (1935) (Finland). new and reliable published records (Norway), re-

and the lack of dusting on the mentum. The cases, however, are obtained when in addition female specimen has a small seta above the ante- certain characteristics of the mouthparts are ta- rodorsal main seta on the left middle tibia, the ken into consideration. In all examined speci- corresponding right leg being normal. It is mens of D. zimini the haustellum is rather strong clearly a D. cyanella since it was caught together and the mentum covered with greyish dust all with four quite normal females and lacks dus- over except for the hind third or fourth (Fig. 6 ting on the mentum. The female specimen from A). In D. cyanella the haustellum is more slender «Ardennes, Les Hautes Buttes»> (France) mentio- and the mentum shining brownish black, with a ned by Hennig bp.cit.; 951, 96» has a similar slight dark greenish sheen, and normally almost aberration in the chaetotaxy of the legs. undusted or with some greyish dust below in The chaetotaxy of the middle tibia thus can- the middle (fig. 6 B). However, in l4%o of the not always be used with confidence for sep ara- examined specimens of D. cyanella the weakly ting the two species. Species identification in all dusted area is more extensive and approaches or

55 ,/\

Iie. 4. Frons, frontal view. A) D. zimini Hennig 8 Aug. 1978), O D. cyanella (same specimen as in (male, TRy: Lenvik, Finnsnes 20 Sept. 1935), B) D. Fie. 5 C). cyanella (Meigen) (male, Ry: Stavanger, Ullandhaug

A c actually touches the upper lateral margin of the mentum, thus making it very similar to that of L-.(\ D. zimini. The terminalia of one male specimen of D.cy- li,, / anella is shown in Fig. 7. They appear identical to the British specimen of D. cyanella illustrated by Patton & Gibbins (1934: 576-577).Hennig

fir.N 4iN ad / 'fl/\\

Fig. 5. Left middle tibia. A) D. zimini Hennig (fe- male, TRy: Tromsø, Ramfiord 28 May 1924), B) D. cyanella (Meigen) (male, Ry: Stavanger, Ullandhaug 8 Aug. 1978), O D. cyanella (aberrant male, Ry: Sta- Fig. 6. Proboscis. A) D. zimini Hennig (female, vanger, Krossberg I Oct. 1978). ad anterodor- 28 192q, B) cya- - = TRy: Tromsø, Ramfiord May ^D. nella (Meigen) (female, Ry' Stavanger, Krossberg I tae. Oct. 1978). Setae except on mentum omitted.

56 broad, visible in strong light when viewed tang- entially, (front of thorax, apart from humeri , ap- parently with a single white band); thorax and abdomen shining dark blue-gre€h; mentum gre- yish dusted D. cy anicolor (Zetterstedt) 20 Largest anterodorsal seta of middle tibia situated at about same height on tibia as posteroventral seta and of approximately same length; eyes densely haired (less so in females); anterior spi- racle orång€; front of humerus strongly dusted; front of thorax with median broad band of strong white dusting, and lateral narrower band of equally strong dusting, (front of thorax, apart from humeri, apparently with three white bands); thorax and abdomen shining green. 3(4) Middle tibia without smaller setae above and in line with large anterodorsal seta; mentum shi- ning brownish black with an almost impercep- tible dark greenish sheen, normally practically undusted or with some dust medially below; male frons narrow, about 1.5 times wider than width of front ocellus, about half as broad as width of third antennal segment. . D. cyanella (Meigen) 4(3) Middle tibia with one to three smaller setae above and in line with large anterodorsal seta; mentum greyish dusted all over except for a shi- ning brown band at hind third or fourth; male frons relatively wide, about 3 times wider than width of front ocellus, about as broad as width of third antennal segment . . D. zimirzi Hennig

Fig. 7. Cercal plate of D. cyanella (Meigen). - A) Vi- ewed from convex side (setae omitted on right side). B) Viewed from concave side. (Some distortion due to compression). (Male, Ry' Stavanger, Krossberg I Oct. 1978) (G.pr. l). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Kaare Aagaard,, Tromsø Mu- seum, Tromsø, to Astrid Løken and Lita Greve Jensen, Museum of Zoology, Bergen and to Al- 0964: 962) also finds agreement between the il- bert Lillehammer, Museum of Zoology, Oslo for lustrations by Zrmin of the genitalia («Mesolo- loan of material. John O. Solem, Det Kongelige bus und Surstylus») of D. zimini and the figures Norske Videnskabers Selskab Museet, Trond- by Patton & Gibbins. A renewed dissection of D. heim; Hugo Andersson, Zoologiske Institutio- zimini may determine to what extent the two nen, Lund; Per Lindskog, Naturhistoriska Riks- species have identical genitalia. museet, Stockholm; and Holger Holgersen, Sta- vanger Museum, Stavanger helped in locating KEY TO NORWEGIAN SPECIES OF material. The maps of Scandinavia were supp- DA S Y PH O R,4 ROBINEAU - DESVOIDY lied by Leif Lyneborg, Scandinavian Science lO) Largest anterodorsal seta of middle tibia situated Press Ltd., Denmark. between posteroventral seta and apex of tibia, its At last I want to express my gratitude to Ver- base separated from base posteroventral seta of ner Michelsen, Museum of Zoology, Copenha- by at least width of tibia, anterodorsal seta about for having verilied my determinations a half as long as posteroventral seta; eyes almost B€n, of naked; anterior spiracle brownish black; front of large part of my own material of D. cyanella and humerus strongly dusted; front of thorax with D. cyanicolor and for pointing out important median broad band of strong white dusting, and characteristics of the proboscis of D. cyanella lateral band of weaker dusting, about half as and D. zimini.

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58