NEBRASKA WORKFORCE

TRENDSSEPTEMBER 2020 ISSUE | NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Image was posted to Flickr by Mike Tigas licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

Inside this issue

Economic Region Profile:Panhandle

Fast Facts: Nebraska's Metro Areas Photo by Brandon Mowinkel from Unsplash

Credits Commissioner John H. Albin

Research Analysts Lenora Castillo Kermit Spade Rachel Stevens

Research Supervisor Brandon Jones

Editors Rachel Stevens Contents Grace Johnson Scott Hunzeker

Graphic Designer Hillary Lee

4 Economic Region Profile:Panhandle Helpful Links Labor Market Publications Previous Issues NEworks.nebraska.gov 3 Openings & Expansions Reader Feedback Survey

10 Fast Facts: Nebraska's Metro Areas

12 Economic Indicators

2 SEPTEMBER 2020

Openings & Expansions July Kermit Spade, Research Analyst

Business Category Business Name Location

Finance, Insurance, Real Exp Reality, LLC (Expansion) Beatrice Estate, & Rental/Leasing State Farm (Opening) Norfolk

Food Services Tacos La Laguna (Opening) Sidney

Health Care & Social Bluffs Physical Therapy (Expansion) Scottsbluff Assistance

Behlen Manufacturing Co (Expansion) Columbus Manufacturing Prime Metal Products, Inc. (Expansion) Gering

Diaz Bros Barbershop (Expansion) Beatrice Other Services Ruffcuts Dog & Cat Grooming (Opening) Norfolk

Chapparal Boot (Expansion) Scottsbluff Wholesale & Retail Trade Brand New Items and Coffee Shop (Expansion) Sidney Frost Giant Fitness (Opening) Sidney

Source: Nebraska Department of Labor Openings and expansions listed are a sampling of activity reported for that month. Some activity may have occurred outside the month. If you have an opening or expansion to report, contact us at [email protected].

Photo by Jalen Hueser from Unsplash

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 Economic Region Profile: Panhandle Lenora Castillo, Research Analyst

The Nebraska Panhandle economic region borders Wyoming to the west, South Dakota to the north, and Colorado to the south. The region includes 11 Nebraska counties: Banner, Box Butte, Cheyenne, Dawes, Deuel, Garden, Kimball, Morrill, Scottsbluff, Sheridan, and Sioux. Panhandle Region In 2018, the Panhandle economic region had a population of 85,550. This Dawes

Sheridan was about 4.5% of Nebraska’s total Sioux Box population (1,904,760) during that year. Butte

Scotts Bluff A majority of the population in the Morrill Banner Garden region came from Scotts Bluff County,

Kimball Cheyenne which contained 42.9% of the total Deuel population, followed by Box Butte at 13.0%. Banner County (0.9%) and Sioux County (1.4%) had the smallest population in the county.

As of 2018, there were eight cities/towns in the Panhandle economic region with populations over 1,000, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The two largest cities were in Scotts Bluff County: the city of Scottsbluff with 14,695 and Gering with 8,203. The two smallest were Gordon (1,505) in Sheridan County and Bayard (1,100) in Morrill County. The only county with no major cities or towns was Banner County.

Between 2010 and 2018, the total population of the Panhandle region declined by 2.4%, while Nebraska as a whole grew by 5.9%.

Photo by Thomas Fields from Unsplash

4 SEPTEMBER 2020

Panhandle Region Demographics

Panhandle Region & NE Statewide Population by Sex & Age Group, 2018

Panhandle Region NE Statewide

65 9.4% 7.5% 65 8.3% 6.7%

45 - 64 11.3% 24.0% 45 - 64 12.4% 12.3%

20 - 44 12.1% 12.5% 20 - 44 16.0% 16.7%

20 11.5% 11.7% 20 13.4% 14.2%

Female Male Female Male

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates.

Age & Sex As of 2018 data, the majority (59.6%) of residents of the Panhandle economic region were ages 45 or older, while statewide the majority (60.3%) were ages 44 and under. There were considerably more men (55.7%) than women (44.3%) in the Panhandle region, in contrast to the pattern seen throughout Nebraska, where the population was 50.1% female and 49.9% male.

Panhandle Region & NE Statewide Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2018

Panhandle Region NE Statewide

0.5% 2.2% 0.8% 2.4% 1.9% 0.6% 2.6% 4.8%

White 13.1% 11.2% Hispanic or Latino (of Any Race) Black or African American

Asian 80.9% 78.6% 2 + Races American Indian or Alaska Native

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates.

Race & Ethnicity The population breakdown by race and ethnicity in the Panhandle region was similar to Nebraska as a whole, with the greatest share of residents in both areas reporting their race as white alone, followed by Hispanic or Latino (of any race)*, and then black or African American alone.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 Educational Attainment

Panhandle Region & NE Statewide Population by Educational Attainment, 2018 Of the 85,550 population in the 6.7% > High School Graduate 5.8% Panhandle region, the largest percent

20.3% (20.3%) were high school graduates High School Graduate (Incl. Equivalency) 17.1% (including equivalency) and 17.8% had

17.8% some college, no degree. This was Some College, No Degree 15.0% also the case in Nebraska where 17.1% 7.0% Associate Degree were high school graduates (including 6.8% equivalency) followed by some college, 11.0% Bachelor's Degree no degree (15.0%). Only 4.7% in the 13.6% Panhandle region reported having 4.7% Graduate or Professional Degree a graduate or professional degree 6.9% compared to 6.9% in Nebraska.

Panhandle Region Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American NE Statewide Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates.

Panhandle Region Economy & Labor Markets Labor Force Annual Average Labor Force Size for Panhandle Region & NE Statewide, 2015 - 2019 In 2018, the Panhandle Economic 1,050,000 48,000 region made up 4.3% of Nebraska's not 1,040,000 seasonally adjusted labor force. Since 47,000

1,030,000 2014, annual average labor force in the 46,000

Panhandle region has dropped from 1,020,000 46,683 to 44,049, a decrease of 5.6%. 45,000 1,010,000

The decline in labor force was due to 44,000 1,000,000 combined losses in both employment and 43,000 unemployment. During this same time 990,000 period, the annual average labor force in 980,000 42,000 Nebraska increased by 1.3%. 970,000 41,000 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Panhandle Region NE Statewide

Source: Nebraska Department of Labor. Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program. neworks.nebraska.gov

* U.S. Census Bureau data records Hispanic or Latino ethnicity separately from race; Individuals may report Hispanic/Latino ethnicity along with any race. Options for racial identification are limited to white, black or African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, or two or more races. In order to portray an accurate picture of the region’s demographic makeup, the charts and analysis presented in this article collapse race and ethnicity, grouping together all individuals who identified themselves as Hispanic/Latino, regardless of their reported race. Individuals who indicated that they were not Hispanic/Latino are classified solely by race.

6 SEPTEMBER 2020

Annual Average Unemployment Rate for Panhandle Region Labor Force & NE Statewide (Not Seasonally Adjusted), 2015 - 2019 Participation Rate 4.0% The labor force participation rate, which represents the number of people in the 3.5% labor force as percentage of the civilian noninstitutional population, was 51.5 in the 3.0% Panhandle region compared to 53.7 for the state. 2.5% Unemployment Rate Between 2014 and 2018, the annual average 2.0% 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 unemployment rate in the Panhandle region slipped from 3.1% in 2014 to 3.0 % in 2018, a Panhandle Region NE Statewide decrease of 0.1 percentage points. The average

Source: Nebraska Department of Labor. Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program. neworks.nebraska.gov. unemployment rate in Nebraska was down by 0.4 percentage points during this time period.

Household Income The 2018 median household income in the Panhandle economic region was $49,547, lower than the $61,913 in Nebraska. Poverty Rate To determine who is in poverty, the Census Bureau releases estimates of weighted average poverty thresholds each year. These thresholds use family’s size, composition (single person household or households with related children under age 18), and total income to determine poverty. For more information on poverty thresholds go to , How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty at www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html.

In the Panhandle economic region, 12.5% of the total 2018 population were determined to be below the poverty level, which is slightly higher than Nebraska's which had a poverty rate of 11.6%. Industries In 2018, the three industries with the highest percent of total workforce in the Panhandle economic region were Health Care and Social Assistance (17.7%), Retail Trade (13.6%), and Educational Services (10.9%). In Nebraska, the top three industries were Health Care & Social Assistance (14.8%), Retail Trade (11.0%), and Manufacturing (10.2%).

Workers’ Industry of Employment for Panhandle Region & NE Statewide, 2018

Health Care & Social Assistance 17.7% 14.8%

Retail Trade 13.6% 11.0%

Educational Services 10.9% 9.1%

Accommodation & Food Services 9.1% 8.0% Source: Nebraska Department of Labor. Panhandle Region Quarterly Census of Employment and Public Admin. 8.4% Wages. neworks.nebraska.gov. 5.2% NE Statewide

TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Occupations The most common occupations in the Panhandle economic region were in the office and administrative support occupational group, followed by sales and related occupations, and then food preparation and serving related occupations. Top H3 Occupations H3 occupations are high wage, high skill, and high demand occupations. In the Panhandle economic region the top three H3 occupations were Registered Nurses with an average annual wage of $61,650 followed by Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers with a wage of $35,544 and General and Operations Managers with a wage of $79,486. The H3 occupations generally require some sort of training including on-the-job, apprenticeship, internship/residency, or postsecondary education. Long-Term Industry Projections The three industries in the Panhandle economic region with the largest projected increase in jobs from 2016-2026 are Information (11.93%), Health Care and Social Assistance (9.13%), and Transportation and Warehousing (8.72%). Six industries are projected to have job decreases: Management of Companies and Enterprises (-42.16%), Wholesale Trade (-7.90%), Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction (-2.86%), Finance and Insurance (-1.25%), Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (-1.24%), and Retail Trade (-1.15%).

Panhandle Region: Projected Employment Change by Industry, 2018 - 2028

Total 2018 2018 2028 2018 - 2028 -2028 Total % Industry Estimated Projected Annual Avg. % Employment Change Employment Employment Change Change Health Care & Social Assistance 5,789 5,926 137 0.20% 2.40% Agriculture, Forestry, & Fishing 5,549 5,773 224 0.40% 4.00% Retail Trade 4,641 4,436 -205 -0.50% -4.40% Educational Services (Incl. State & Local Gov.) 4,326 4,270 -56 -0.10% -1.30% Government 4,031 4,003 -28 -0.10% -0.70% Accommodation & Food Services 3,129 3,245 116 0.40% 3.70% Transportation & Warehousing 2,685 2,771 86 0.30% 3.20% Manufacturing 2,028 2,026 -2 0.00% -0.10% Wholesale Trade 2,179 1,801 -378 -1.90% -17.30% Admin. & Waste Services 1,463 1,547 84 0.60% 5.70% Construction 1,452 1,508 56 0.40% 3.90% Finance & Insurance 1,331 1,345 14 0.10% 1.10% Other Services (Excl. Gov.) 1,104 1,092 -12 -0.10% -1.10% Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services 765 755 -10 -0.10% -1.30% Information 490 467 -23 -0.50% -4.70% Utilities 304 305 1 0.00% 0.30% Management of Companies & Enterprises 664 270 -394 -8.60% -59.30% Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation 190 203 13 0.70% 6.80% Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 157 164 7 0.40% 4.50% Mining 154 157 3 0.20% 1.90%

Source: Nebraska Department of Labor. 2018-2028 Long-Term Industry Projections. Published July 2020.

8 SEPTEMBER 2020

Long-Term Occupational Projections Employment in the Panhandle economic region is projected to grow by 2.00% or 929 jobs from 2016-2026. The occupation group with the largest employment increase is Computer and Mathematical occupations which is projected to increase by 10.38% followed by Healthcare Practitioners and Technical (9.46%) and Healthcare Support (9.02%) occupations. Three occupations are projected to decrease from 2016-2026: Sales and Related (-5.13%), Office and Administrative Support (-4.54%), and Protective Services (-1.55%).

Panhandle Region: Projected Employment Change by Occupation, 2018 - 2028

2018 Estimated 2028 Projected Total 2018 -2028 Occupation Group Total % Change Employment Employment Employment Change Office & Admin. Support 6,269 5,816 -453 -7.20% Sales & Related 4,199 3,967 -232 -5.50% Management 3,761 3,864 103 2.70% Food Preparation & Serving Related 3,632 3,730 98 2.70% Farming, Fishing, & Forestry 3,448 3,508 60 1.70% Education, Training, & Library 3,011 2,972 -39 -1.30% Transportation & Material Moving 2,761 2,787 26 0.90% Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 2,593 2,706 113 4.40% Production 2,066 2,065 -1 -0.10% Installation, Maintenance, & Repair 2,054 2,053 -1 -0.10% Construction & Extraction 1,823 1,890 67 3.70% Business & Financial Operations 1,697 1,608 -89 -5.20% Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 1,430 1,458 28 2.00% Healthcare Support 1,262 1,301 39 3.10% Personal Care & Service 1,283 1,298 15 1.20% Community & Social Service 748 741 -7 -0.90% Computer & Mathematical 719 668 -51 -7.10% Protective Service 533 526 -7 -1.30% Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, & Media 399 350 -49 -12.30% Architecture & Engineering 277 277 0 0.00% Life, Physical, & Social Science 197 204 7 3.60% Legal 152 154 2 1.30% Total All 44,314 43,943 -371 -0.84%

Source: Nebraska Department of Labor. 2018-2028 Long-Term Occupational Projections. Published July 2020.

The Final Word Overall, population in the Panhandle economic region is decreasing and this is reflected in the decline in labor force; however, employment is projected to grow, and the region has strong agricultural activity.

Sources: American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S2301: Employment Status. [Online] data.census.gov. Nebraska Department of Labor. 2016-2026 Long-Term Occupational Projections. [Online] 2018. neworks.nebraska.gov. Nebraska Department of Labor. Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program. [Online] 2019. neworks.nebraska.gov. Nebraska Department of Labor. Occupational Employment Statistics Program. [Online] 2019. neworks.nebraska.gov. Nebraska Department of Labor. Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. [Online] 2018. neworks.nebraska.gov. TABLE OF CONTENTS 9 Nebraska's Metro Areas Fast Facts The Omaha Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of Cass, Douglas, Sarpy, Saunders, and Washington Counties in Nebraska, and Harrison, Mills, and Kermit Spade & Pottawattamie Counties in Iowa. Rachel Stevens The Lincoln Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of consists of Research Analysts Lancaster and Seward Counties in Nebraska. The Grand Island Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of Hall, Hamilton, Howard, and Merrick Counties in Nebraska.

Total Population, 2018 (1) Harrison Omaha MSA: 922,891 Washington Pottawattamie Lincoln MSA: 327,221 Douglas Howard Saunders Sarpy Grand Island MSA: 85,104 Merrick Mills Cass Hall Seward Statewide: 1,904,760 Hamilton Lancaster Grand Island MSA Median Age of Population, 2018 (2) Lincoln MSA Omaha MSA: 35.5 Omaha MSA Lincoln MSA: 33.5 Grand Island MSA: 37.5 Statewide: 36.4 Unemployment Rate for Population Workers’ Median Earnings, 2018 (3) Labor Force Participation Rate for Ages 16+, 2018 Avg. (3) Omaha MSA: $36,449 Population Ages 16+, 2018 (3) Omaha MSA: 3.8% Lincoln MSA: $30,848 Omaha MSA: 70.8% Lincoln MSA: 3.3% Grand Island MSA: $31,081 Lincoln MSA: 71.3% Grand Island MSA: 4.0% Statewide: $32,357 Grand Island MSA: 70.1% Statewide: 3.5% Statewide: 69.8% Percentage of Civilian Population Ages Avg. Travel Time to Work 18+ with a Disability, 2018 (4) Veteran % of Population, 2018 (4) (Minutes), 2018 (3) Omaha MSA: 13.6% Omaha MSA: 9.2% Omaha MSA: 20.3 Lincoln MSA: 13.0% Lincoln MSA: 6.5% Lincoln MSA: 19.3 Grand Island MSA: 15.5% Grand Island MSA: 8.2% Grand Island MSA: 17.5 Statewide: 14.3% Statewide: 8.4% Statewide: 18.6%

% of Population with Income Median Household Below Poverty Level, 2018 (5) Income, 2018 (3) Omaha MSA: 10.6% Omaha MSA: $65,227 Lincoln MSA: 12.8% Lincoln MSA: $58,478 Grand Island MSA: 11.7% Grand Island MSA: $55,672 Statewide: 11.6% Statewide: $59,116

10 SEPTEMBER 2020

Educational Attainment for Population Ages 25+, 2018 (6)

Omaha MSA 8.6% 23.7% 22.9% 8.9% 23.6% 12.2%

Lincoln MSA 6.5% 22.2% 21.6% 11.5% 24.5% 13.8%

Grand Island MSA 12.6% 31.7% 24.5% 10.1% 15.2% 5.9%

NE Statewide 9.0% 26.3% 23.0% 10.5% 20.8% 10.5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

> High School Graduate High School Graduate (Incl. Equivalency) Some College, No Degree Associate Degree Bachelor's Degree Graduate or Professional Degree

Workers in NE MSAs by Occupation Group, 2018 (3)

12.1% 12.2% Production, Transportation, & Material Moving Occupations 21.9% 14.4% 8.5% 7.8% Natural Resources, Construction, & Maintenance Occupations 11.0% 9.9% 23.4% 22.4% Sales & Office Occupations 20.9% 22.0% 16.1% 17.1% Service Occupations 16.7% 16.5% 39.9% 40.5% Management, Business, Science, & Arts Occupations 29.5% 37.2%

Omaha MSA Lincoln MSA Grand Island MSA NE Statewide

Sources: 1. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table DP05: Demographic and Housing Estimates. [Online] data.census.gov. 2. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S0101: Age and Sex. [Online] data.census.gov. 3. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S2301: Employment Status. [Online] data.census.gov. 4. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S2101: Veteran Status. [Online] data.census.gov. 5. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S1701: Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months. [Online] data.census.gov. 6. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S1501: Educational Attainment. [Online] data.census.gov. 7. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S0801: Commuting Characteristics by Sex. [Online] data.census.gov. 8. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S1601: Language Spoken at Home. [Online] data.census.gov. 9. American Community Survey, 2018 5-Year Estimates. Table S2401: Occupation by Sex. [Online] data.census.gov.

TABLE OF CONTENTS 11 Economic Indicators Kermit Spade, Research Analyst

Initial Unemployment Avg. Weekly Earnings Gas Prices Claims All Private Employees Avg. Retail Price per Gallon Monthly Avg. Number of Not Seasonally Adjusted (Regular-Grade Claims per Week Unleaded Gasoline)

16,000 15,946 $1,200 $5.00 NE 10-Year High (Apr. 2020)

$3.93 NE 10-Year High (May 2011) $1,008.44 $2.83 United States NE 10-Year Current 2020 Avg.

$919.70 $908.54 NE 10-Year High Nebraska (May 2020) Current 2020 $2.12 $2.18 Nebraska United States Current 2020 Current 2020

$774.25 NE 10-Year $1.68 Avg. NE 10-Year Low 2,979 $700.06 (Feb. 2016) Nebraska NE 10-Year Low Current 2020 (Jun. 2012) 430 NE 10-Year Low 0 (Sept. 2019) $600 $0

UP DOWN UP DOWN DOWN UP +371.4% -44.2% +4.8% -0.7% -18.8% +8.2% NE Vs. NE Vs. NE Vs. NE Vs. NE Vs. NE Vs. Last Year Last Month Last Year Last Month Last Year Last Month

908,184 - United States Current 2020 Average weekly earnings represents the mean pay This figure represents the average price consumers received by workers for services performed over paid at the pump for a gallon of regular-grade, 2 UP DOWN the course of one week. unleaded gasoline during the specified timeframe. The main components affecting the retail price +406.5% -34% Data Sources: [Retrieved: August 2020.] NE- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. State and Area of gasoline are crude oil prices; costs and profits U.S. Vs. U.S. Vs. Employment, Hours, & Earnings. Average Weekly associated with refining, distribution, and market- Last Year Last Month Earnings of All Employees, In Dollars. Nebraska (Statewide): Total Private, Not Seasonally Adjusted. ing; fluctuations in supply and demand; and federal, Series ID SMU31000000500000011. state, and local taxes.3 An initial claim is a request for determination of UI pro- https://data.bls.gov/PDQWeb/sm. U.S.- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment, Data Sources: [Retrieved: August 2020.] gram eligibility filed by an unemployed individual following Hours, & Earnings from the Current Employment NE- Nebraska Energy Office. Average Monthly Retail Motor Statistics Survey (National). Average Weekly Earnings of a separation from an employer. It can serve as an indica- Gasoline Prices in Nebraska. Regular Unleaded. All Employees: Total Private, Not Seasonally Adjusted. 1 http://www.neo.ne.gov/statshtml/97.htm#regular_unleaded. tor of emerging labor market conditions in the area. Series ID CES0500000011. U.S.- U.S. Energy Information Administration. U.S. Regular All https://data.bls.gov/PDQWeb/ce. Data Sources: [Retrieved: August 2020.] Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices. NE- U.S. Employment & Training Administration. Initial https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/PET_PRI_GND_A_EPMR_PTE_ Claims in Nebraska (NEICLAIMS). Retrieved from Federal DPGAL_M.htm. Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NEICLAIMS. U.S.- U.S. Employment & Training Administration. Initial Claims (ICNSA). Retrieved from Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ICNSA. 12 SEPTEMBER 2020 Economic Indicators Kermit Spade, Research Analyst

Labor Force Consumer Price Index Housing Prices Participation Rate 12-Month % Change 4-Quarter % Change Seasonally Adjusted Not Seasonally Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted

80% 5.0% 10% +8.3% NE 10-Year High +3.9% (Q1 2018) +6.6% 70.4% Midwest 10-Year Nebraska NE 10-Year 72.0% High (Sept. 2011) +5.7% Current 2020 Avg. NE 10-Year High United States (Jun. 2012) Current 2020 70.2% Nebraska 69.1% +1.5% Current 2020 NE 10-Year Low Midwest Region (Mar. 2017) 10-Year Avg. 3.7% NE 10-Year +1.0% Avg. Midwest Region +0.7% Current 2020 United States 61.4% Current 2020 -3.3% United States NE 10-Year Low Current 2020 (Q4 2010)

-1.1% Midwest 10-Year Low (Apr. 2015)

50% -2.5% -10%

UP UP +1.7% +2.5% All Urban Consumers: FHFA Purchase-Only NE Vs. NE Vs. Last All Items Index 1982–1984 = 100 Housing Price Index Last Year Month

The labor force is comprised of all persons The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of The housing price index (HPI) measures the age 16 and over in the civilian, noninstitu- the average change over time in the prices paid movement of single-family house prices, based tional population who are either employed or by consumers for goods and services. It is used on purchases involving conventional mortgages unemployed but available for work and actively to determine the real purchasing power of con- purchased or securitized by Fannie Mae or seeking employment. It excludes people doing sumers’ dollars, and as a measure of inflation.6 Freddie Mac. “Four-quarter” change is relative to

unpaid homemaking or volunteer work, retired Data Sources: [Retrieved: August 2020.] the same quarter one year earlier. HPI data are people, and people who are not employed NE- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer Price often considered useful for estimating housing and not actively seeking work. The labor force Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in Midwest affordability and projecting future changes in (CUUR0200SA0). Retrieved from Federal Reserve participation rate measures the labor force as a Bank of St. Louis. mortgage default rates.5 percentage of the total civilian, noninstitutional https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CUUR0200SA0#0. U.S.- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer Price Data Source: [Retrieved: August 2020.] 1 population, age 16 and over. Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Federal Housing Finance Agency. Housing Price Index (CPIAUCNS). Retrieved from Federal Reserve Bank of Datasets. Quarterly Data: Purchase-Only Indexes. Data Sources: [Retrieved: August 2020.] St. Louis. https://www.fhfa.gov/DataTools/Downloads/Pages/ NE- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Labor Force https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCNS. House-Price-Index-Datasets.aspx#qpo Participation Rate for Nebraska (LBSSA31). Retrieved from Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LBSSA3. U.S.- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Civilian Labor Force Participation Rate (CIVPART). Retrieved from Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CIVPART. TABLE OF CONTENTS 13 Nebraska Department of Labor Labor Market Information

PHONE 800-876-1377 EMAIL [email protected]

Labor market information is updated continuously. For the latest data, contact us at 800-876-1377 or email [email protected].

Photo by Rose Erkul from Unsplash

Nebraska Workforce Trends is published by the Nebraska Department of Labor in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. This workforce product was funded by a grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration. The product was created by the recipient and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership. This product is copyrighted by the institution that created it. Internal use by an organization and/or personal use by an individual for non-commercial purposes is permissible. All other uses require the prior authorization of the copyright owner.

Equal Opportunity Employer/Program. TDD: 1.800.833.7352 Auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to individuals with disabilities.