Google Books, Libraries, and Self-Respect: Information Justice Beyond Distributions
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Recaptcha: Human-Based Character Recognition Via Web Security
REPORTS on September 12, 2008 and blogs. For example, CAPTCHAs prevent www.sciencemag.org reCAPTCHA: Human-Based Character ticket scalpers from using computer programs to buy large numbers of concert tickets, only to re Recognition via Web Security Measures sell them at an inflated price. Sites such as Gmail and Yahoo Mail use CAPTCHAs to stop spam Luis von Ahn,* Benjamin Maurer, Colin McMillen, David Abraham, Manuel Blum mers from obtaining millions of free e mail accounts, which they would use to send spam CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) are e mail. Downloaded from widespread security measures on the World Wide Web that prevent automated programs from According to our estimates, humans around abusing online services. They do so by asking humans to perform a task that computers cannot yet the world type more than 100 million CAPTCHAs perform, such as deciphering distorted characters. Our research explored whether such human every day (see supporting online text), in each case effort can be channeled into a useful purpose: helping to digitize old printed material by asking spending a few seconds typing the distorted char users to decipher scanned words from books that computerized optical character recognition failed acters. In aggregate, this amounts to hundreds of to recognize. We showed that this method can transcribe text with a word accuracy exceeding 99%, thousands of human hours per day. We report on matching the guarantee of professional human transcribers. Our apparatus is deployed in more an experiment that attempts to make positive use than 40,000 Web sites and has transcribed over 440 million words. -
Larry Page Developing the Largest Corporate Foundation in Every Successful Company Must Face: As Google Word.” the United States
LOWE —continued from front flap— Praise for $19.95 USA/$23.95 CAN In addition to examining Google’s breakthrough business strategies and new business models— In many ways, Google is the prototype of a which have transformed online advertising G and changed the way we look at corporate successful twenty-fi rst-century company. It uses responsibility and employee relations——Lowe Google technology in new ways to make information universally accessible; promotes a corporate explains why Google may be a harbinger of o 5]]UZS SPEAKS culture that encourages creativity among its where corporate America is headed. She also A>3/9A addresses controversies surrounding Google, such o employees; and takes its role as a corporate citizen as copyright infringement, antitrust concerns, and “It’s not hard to see that Google is a phenomenal company....At Secrets of the World’s Greatest Billionaire Entrepreneurs, very seriously, investing in green initiatives and personal privacy and poses the question almost Geico, we pay these guys a whole lot of money for this and that key g Sergey Brin and Larry Page developing the largest corporate foundation in every successful company must face: as Google word.” the United States. grows, can it hold on to its entrepreneurial spirit as —Warren Buffett l well as its informal motto, “Don’t do evil”? e Following in the footsteps of Warren Buffett “Google rocks. It raised my perceived IQ by about 20 points.” Speaks and Jack Welch Speaks——which contain a SPEAKS What started out as a university research project —Wes Boyd conversational style that successfully captures the conducted by Sergey Brin and Larry Page has President of Moveon.Org essence of these business leaders—Google Speaks ended up revolutionizing the world we live in. -
Search the Full Text of Books and Discover New Ones
Search the full text of books and discover new ones With Google Book Search, you can quickly search the full text of books, from the first word on the first page to the last word in the final chapter. Find the perfect books for your purposes or discover ones you never even knew existed. Book Search works like web search Try a search on Google Book Search (http://books.google.com) or on Google.com. When we find a book whose content contains a match for your search terms, we’ll link to it in your search results. Browse books online Clicking on a book result, you’ll be able to see everything from a few short excerpts to the entire book, depending on a few different factors. • Full view: If we’ve determined that a book is out of copyright or the publisher or rightsholder has given us permission, you’ll be able to page through the entire book from start to finish. • Limited preview: If the publisher or author has provided the book through the Google Books Partner Program, you’ll be able to preview sample pages – typically about 20% of the book. • Snippet view: If a book is under copyright and the publisher or author is not part of the Partner Program, you’ll find bibliographic about the book and a few snippets of text from the book, showing your search term in context. • No preview available: For books where we’re unable to show snippets, you’ll see only bibliographic information. Search within the book Once you a find a title of interest, you can search within the book. -
Google Books for Publisher Websites
Google Books Google Books for Publisher Websites There are two complementary ways to add a customized Google Books search to your website: 1. Custom Book Search: a search box that allows users to conduct full-text searches across your complete catalog. 2. Google Preview: a button that is placed on each book’s catalog page and, when clicked, displays a limited preview of the book. Note that both of these tools are different from the regular search box you have on your website - while a traditional search tool indexes the contents of your website, Custom Book Search and Google Preview search the content of your books themselves. As a re- sult, the Google Books search tools should be used in addition to your regular search box. Custom Book Search Custom Book Search (also known as Co-branded Search) is a Google Books search engine for your catalog, on your own website. Implementing Custom Book Search enables visitors to your website to conduct full-text searches right from your site; when your visitors type a term into the Custom Book Search box, they are searching the full text of all the books you have in Google Books. They can then browse the relevant titles using Google’s secure limited preview and easily purchase the books that they browse. Setup is easy; go to the Product Setup tab of your Partner Center and click “Co-branded Book Search” in the green bar up top, then click “Add new co-branded site”. From there you can fill in your site’s basic information, upload your logo, and decide what you want the search box and search results page to look like. -
Limited Consumer Privacy Protections Against the Layers of Big Data Andrew W
Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal Volume 31 Article 4 Issue 3 01/01/2015 January 2015 Limited Consumer Privacy Protections Against the Layers of Big Data Andrew W. Bagley Justin S. Brown Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/chtlj Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, and the Science and Technology Law Commons Recommended Citation Andrew W. Bagley and Justin S. Brown, Limited Consumer Privacy Protections Against the Layers of Big Data, 31 Santa Clara High Tech. L.J. 483 (2015). Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/chtlj/vol31/iss3/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Santa Clara Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal by an authorized administrator of Santa Clara Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. V31_BAGLEY & BROWN_FINAL CORRECTIONS (DO NOT DELETE) 6/12/2015 8:25 PM LIMITED CONSUMER PRIVACY PROTECTIONS AGAINST THE LAYERS OF BIG DATA Andrew W. Bagley† & Justin S. Brown†† Consumers give away their data voluntarily and involuntary through their everyday online interactions. Many of these interactions are governed by “click-wrap” agreements in which consumers agree to data use terms with their Internet service provider (ISP), content provider, or an entire computing ecosystem through various layers of the Internet. This phenomenon effectively means that consumers lose control of their data to an endless web of third party big-data brokers unaccountable to the user. All the while, the increasingly dynamic and valuable nature of datasets makes it difficult to predict how data collected today will be used in the future. -
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing reCAPTCHA Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart Luis von Ahn • Guatemalan entrepreneur • Consulting Professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. • Known as one of the pioneers of crowdsourcing. The problem: "Anybody can write a program to sign up for millions of accounts, and the idea was to prevent that" Luis von Ahn Ealier CAPTCHAs 2010: Luis invents CAPTCHA Business model B2B/B2C: The Captcha company sells captchas for around 30 $ per 1000 of them The idea Situation before 2007: CAPTCHAs were many and working well The thought of Luis: • Hundreds of thousands of combined human hours were being wasted each day, 200 million captchas were solved daily • Book digitalisation: at the tim Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software couln’t solve 30 % of the ammount of words to be digitalized • A CAPTCHA could be used with the intention of exploiting that to digitalize old books and articles reCAPTCHAs 2007: reCAPTCHA is found and a partnership is established to digitized the previous 20 years of New York ? Times issues within a few months, 13 million articles RESCUED crowdsourcing CARPATHIA ICEBERG reCAPTCHAs In 2009, reCAPTCHA was purchased by Google for an undisclosed amount for Google Books library, which is now one of the largest digital libraries in the world, or identify street names and addresses from Google Maps Street View. If you are not paying for the product, you are the product. Before and after reCAPTCHA : The ESP game and duoligo First of von Ahn projects: giving a name After CAPTCHA: Duoligo to an image: 10 M people playing Providing translations for the web through bought by Google Images a free language learning program. -
Marketing Your Books Online Enhance Your Website, Easily and for Free
Marketing Your Books Online Enhance your website, easily and for free Google Blogger What is it? A blog is a web journal that can be updated as often as you’d like. The most effective blog forms for presses tend to be publicity or news blogs, CEO or Publisher blogs, and author blogs. Where can I learn more? blogger.com (or do a Google search to find other free blogging tools) Google Calendar What is it? A public calendar that is easily added to your website and allows you to keep your readers abreast of readings and events. Where can I learn more? google.com/calendar Google Books for your site What is it? • Cobranded Search A search box for your homepage that searches the full text of all books you have in Google Books • Google Preview Individual book previews that can be embedded right into your website. Where can I learn more? Ask your Partner Manager for information on Cobranded Search and Google Preview. © Copyright 2009. Google is a trademark of Google Inc. All other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated. Marketing Your Books Online Drive readers to your website and books Google Books What is it? A powerful tool that displays books in response to regular Google queries. Your e-commerce site appears first among the “Buy this book” links, and because anyone with a website can embed book previews, your titles show up safely and securely all over the web. Where can I learn more? Ask your Partner Manager to fill you in on recent Google Books developments. -
“Over-The-Top” Television: Circuits of Media Distribution Since the Internet
BEYOND “OVER-THE-TOP” TELEVISION: CIRCUITS OF MEDIA DISTRIBUTION SINCE THE INTERNET Ian Murphy A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication. Chapel Hill 2018 Approved by: Richard Cante Michael Palm Victoria Ekstrand Jennifer Holt Daniel Kreiss Alice Marwick Neal Thomas © 2018 Ian Murphy ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Ian Murphy: Beyond “Over-the-Top” Television: Circuits of Media Distribution Since the Internet (Under the direction of Richard Cante and Michael Palm) My dissertation analyzes the evolution of contemporary, cross-platform and international circuits of media distribution. A circuit of media distribution refers to both the circulation of media content as well as the underlying ecosystem that facilitates that circulation. In particular, I focus on the development of services for streaming television over the internet. I examine the circulation paths that either opened up or were foreclosed by companies that have been pivotal in shaping streaming economies: Aereo, Netflix, Twitter, Google, and Amazon. I identify the power brokers of contemporary media distribution, ranging from sectors of legacy television— for instance, broadcast networks, cable companies, and production studios—to a variety of new media and technology industries, including social media, e-commerce, internet search, and artificial intelligence. In addition, I analyze the ways in which these power brokers are reconfiguring content access. I highlight a series of technological, financial, geographic, and regulatory factors that authorize or facilitate access, in order to better understand how contemporary circuits of media distribution are constituted. -
Introduction
INTRODUCTION THE GOSPEL OF GOOGLE In the beginning, the World Wide Web was an intimidating collection, interlinked yet unindexed. Clutter and confusion reigned. It was impos- sible to sift the valuable from the trashy, the reliable from the exploitative, and the true from the false. The Web was exciting and democratic—to the point of anarchy. As it expanded and became unimaginably vast, its darker corners grew more remote and more obscure. Some had tried to map its most useful features to guide searchers through the maelstrom. But their services were unwieldy and incomplete, and some early guides even accepted bribes for favoring one source over another. It all seemed so hopeless and seedy. Too much that was precious but subtle and fresh was getting lost. Then came Google. Google was clean. It was pure. It was simple. It accepted no money for ranking one page higher in a search than another. 1 2 INTRODUCTION And it offered what seemed to be neutral, democratic rankings: if one site was referred to more than another, it was deemed more relevant to users and would be listed above the rest. And so the biggest, if not the best, search engine was created. This, in brief, was the genesis of the enterprise known as Google Inc. Like all theological texts, the Book of Google contains contradictions that leave us baffl ed, pondering whether we mere mortals are capable of understanding the nature of the system itself. Perhaps our role is not to doubt, but to believe. Perhaps we should just surf along in awe of the system that gives us such beautiful sunrises—or at least easily fi nds us digital images of sunrises with just a few keystrokes. -
Google Books
Google Books About This Guide This guide explains what is available through Google Books and how to navigate this web-based search engine. About Google Books Google Books enables you to find full-text books or information about books that exist on your topic. Some magazines are also now included with Google Books. Depending on the title and its copyright or author’s permissions, one of the following viewing options will be made available: Full View, Limited Preview, Snippet View, or No Preview Available. For more information about these viewing options, visit http://books.google.com/intl/en/googlebooks/screenshots.html. Google Books also provides full-text searching capabilities so that you can locate books containing your search terms. Titles that are out of copyright, as well as those afforded full-text viewing rights by the author, may be viewed in their entirety. Some of these full-text titles may be downloaded, saved and printed. Note: Google Books does not provide an exhaustive catalog or full-text availability for all books that may be relevant to your topic. Therefore, you should also search the Leatherby Libraries Catalog, and possibly additional library catalogs, in conjunction with your Google Books searches. For instances when the full-text of a book is not available, you may request an Interlibrary Loan. Please see the “Interlibrary Loan” section of this guide for more information. How to Access Google Books The direct link is http://books.google.com. Or, from the Google homepage, www.google.com, select “Books” from the “More” drop-down menu. Advanced Search Capabilities: Once Google books opens, enter your search terms and click on “Search Books.” On the results page, scroll down to the bottom of the page to access “Advanced Search.” The “Advanced Book Search” page allows you to search by title and author, search for exact phrases, and more. -
Don't Be Evil
220 Chapter 13 “Don’t Be Evil” and Beyond for High Tech Organizations: Ethical Statements and Mottos (and Responsibility) Jo Ann Oravec University of Wisconsin – Whitewater, USA ABSTRACT Societal pressures on high tech organizations to define and disseminate their ethical stances are increasing as the influences of the technologies involved expand. Many Internet-based businesses have emerged in the past decades; growing numbers of them have developed some kind of moral declaration in the form of mottos or ethical statements. For example, the corporate motto “don’t be evil” (often linked with Google/ Alphabet) has generated considerable controversy about social and cultural impacts of search engines. After addressing the origins of these mottos and statements, this chapter projects the future of such ethi- cal manifestations in the context of critically-important privacy, security, and economic concerns. The chapter analyzes potential influences of the ethical expressions on corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. The chapter analyzes issues of whether “large-grained” corporate mottos can indeed serve to supply social and ethical guidance for organizations as opposed to more complex, detailed codes of ethics or comparable attempts at moral clarification. INTRODUCTION Evil is whatever Sergey [Brin] says is evil. - Eric Schmidt, former Executive Chairman of Google, as quoted in Vise and Malseed (2005) How do organizations make sense of the panoply of ethical issues they face, especially in rapidly-changing technological and social environments? Challenges are expanding for high tech research and development organizations as their technologies grow in societal impact (Broeders & Taylor, 2017), from consider- ing the problems of young people confronting cyberbullies (Oravec, 2012) to the use of social media DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-4197-4.ch013 Copyright © 2018, IGI Global. -
The Unregulated Wild, Wild, Digital West
Media Industries Journal 1.2 (2014), ISSN 2373-9037 Welcome to the Unregulated, Wild, Wild, Digital West – Mann Welcome to the Unregulated Wild, Wild, Digital West Denise Mann1 University of California, Los Angeles Dmann [AT] tft.ucla.edu Abstract: An impasse between Hollywood and Silicon Valley over streaming rights to home entertainment has created a power vacuum, prompting a number of virtual entrepreneurs to look for alternative ways to monetize online media. This essay examines the "transmedia" industries and multichannel networks as transitional workspaces—innovative new forms of industrial organization, emerging forms of creative work, new technologies and economic models, and creative relations among consumers, marketers, and producers. A number of cultural industries scholars are engaged in productive critiques of digital media labor practices.2 In contrast, humanities-based critical and cultural studies scholars tend to ignore the economic realities of web-based production, focusing instead on the unpaid (albeit volunteer) labor of fans. Far fewer consider the more widespread, invisible labor associated with the wholesale data mining of consumer preferences that are being sold en masse to advertisers by major internet technology companies like Google and Facebook. Even fewer explore the paradox of YouTube talent partners, who eschew deals with Hollywood to avoid creative interference but tolerate Faustian deals with Google to profit from surveillance-based advertising. Keywords: Advertising, Hollywood, Labor, Marketing, Social Media Google, Microsoft, Apple, and the other internet technology giants desperately want to control Hollywood’s premium content, seeing it as the crown jewel in their massive marketing infrastructure via a vast array of smart, mobile technologies and social networking capabilities.