New Distribution Records of Afrotropical Muscidae (Diptera) Based on Material at the National Museum, Bloemfontein

ISSN 0067-9208

NATURAL SCIENCES

VOLUME 29, PART 1 SEPTEMBER 2013

New distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae (Diptera) based on material at the National Museum, Bloemfontein

Márcia S. Couri1, Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs2 & Adrian C. Pont3

1Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, 20.940–040, RJ and Research fellow, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]) 2Department of Entomology, National Museum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300 and Honorary Research Fellow, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa (E-mail: [email protected]) 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, United Kingdom (E-mail: [email protected])

ABSTRACT

Márcia S. Couri, Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs & Adrian C. Pont. 2013. New distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae (Diptera) based on material at the National Museum, Bloemfontein. Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein 29(1): 1–16. Recently collected muscid flies deposited at the National Museum, Bloemfontein (South Africa) provide new distribution records for several Afrotropical species. The new material is from Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Kenya and South Africa. New country records are presented for 50 species. (Afrotropical, Diptera, diversity, faunistic records, Muscidae)

ISBN 978-1-86847-153-9 2 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...... 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS ...... 2 RESULTS ...... 2 DISCUSSION ...... 15 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 16 REFERENCES ...... 16

INTRODUCTION

The distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae were last summarized in the catalogue of Pont (1980). Subsequently, a few papers have contributed to the distribution of species, such as Deeming (1987) and Dike (1989, 1990) for Afrotropical Atherigona Rondani, 1856. More recently collected material generated through “An Arthropod Survey of Madagascar’s Protected Areas (1998–2009)” (see Couri et al. 2006) and from Namibia (Couri et al. 2012) have also provided new records for both genera and species.

Material collected recently in Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Kenya and South Africa, deposited at the National Museum, Bloemfontein (South Africa), was studied and identified, and has expanded our knowledge of the geographic range of 51 species summarized herein. Some additional comments are also provided where pertinent.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The Muscidae collection at the National Museum, Bloemfontein (South Africa) consists of material collected during various dedicated expeditions in Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.; Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010), Burundi, Kenya, Namibia and South Africa.

Sampling was conducted using mainly Gressitt and Gressitt-type and Townes-type Malaise traps, supplemented with material collected in hanging traps, baited with fermenting fruit and carrion baits, and by sweeping.

The recorded distribution of species listed here is derived mainly from the Afrotropical catalogue (Pont 1980).

RESULTS

Approximately 6550 specimens were examined and completely/partially identified, giving a total of 155 determined species (about 16% of all known Afrotropical Muscidae) in 39 genera (about 66% of known Afrotropical genera), resulting in new records for 51 species, including 50 new country records. 2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 3

The following 51 species, listed alphabetically, had knowledge of their distribution increased:

Aethiopomyia williamsi Snyder, 1951 Recorded distribution: Kenya, Malawi and Tanzania. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♂, 1♀, Eyolo forest, ca. 2 km E Lieki, 0.69642, 24.24186, 26–28.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited fermenting fruit (BECE02604, 02603), Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010. Remarks: Aethiopomyia williamsi can be identified using Zumpt’s (1969) key, based largely on the colour pattern of the body and the presence of strong setae on tergites 4 and 5 (marginal and discal rows). According to Zumpt (1969) this species, together with A. arguta (Karsch, 1879) and A. steini Curran, 1935, should be regarded as varieties of a single species, and indeed Paterson (1960: 365) had previously synonymised A. steini with A. arguta. The genus was recorded from D.R.C. on the basis of A. gigas (Stein, 1906) and A. steini.

Anaphalantus longicornis (Macquart, 1843) Recorded distribution: Widespread in the Afrotropical Region, including Annobón Island (Equatorial Guinea), Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion, and Yemen. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♂, Bomane village area at: 01°16.283′N, 23°43.994′E, 20–24.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping, bush paths and village environs, BECE01217; 1♂, Lieki village area at: 00°41.117′N, 24°14.362′E, 25.v–4.vi.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping, bush paths and village environs, BECE03487; 1♂, Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349, 23.72358, 20–22.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen primary forest (disturbed), BECE00530 (both Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010). Remarks: Currently only a single species is recognised in this genus. However, two of the three males from D.R.C. (BECE03487, 00530) cited above have different ornamentation of setae on the foreleg and may represent a new species. Other apparently distinct taxa are in The Natural History Museum (London). There is a long list of synonyms for this species. Types should be examined and their identities determined before any new taxa are described.

Brevicosta africana Malloch, 1921 Recorded distribution: Nigeria and Uganda. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♂, Yafira forest transect, 00.70216°S, 24.20060°E, 29–31.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, secondary lowland evergreen forest, BECE03313; 1♀, Eyolo forest, ca. 2 km E Lieki, 0.69642°N, 24.24186°E, 25–29.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen swamp forest, BECE02594 (both Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010). Remarks: Brevicosta africana is the only representative of the genus and can be easily separated from other Afrotropical Coenosiini by the short costal vein which ends close to the apex of vein R4+5. Both the genus and species represent new records for D.R.C.

4 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Coenosia canifrons Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 3♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm at: 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)35404, 35481, 35543. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, Royal Natal National Park, Thendele, 28°42.378′S, 28°56.083′E, 15–17.ii.2010, 1600 m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)21386. Western Cape Prov.: 1♂, Keurbos forest, 33°54.435′S, 23°43.714′E, 28–30.iii.2009, 500 m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping, indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)07183; 1♂, Buffelsbos forest, 33°54.154′S, 23°38.329′E, 27.iii.2009, 400 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping paths, indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)07978; 1♂, Tsitsikamma National Park, Bloukrans Pass, Platbos at: 33°56.558′S, 23°37.566′E, 22–25.i.2009, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping forest paths, indigenous forest, BMSA(D)05211. Remarks: Coenosia Meigen, 1826 is one of the most speciose genera of Afrotropical muscids and occurs throughout this region. Coenosia canifrons, C. fumisquama Stein and C. niveifrons Stein are small species, with a characteristic frons with margins diverging from lunule to vertex, uniformly dusted (brown in C. fumisquama and entirely silver pollinose in the males of the two other species), with no differentiation of the fronto-orbital plates and ocellar triangle. Four species have their known ranges enlarged as a result of records presented here.

Coenosia fascigera Stein, 1918 Recorded distribution: Described from Uganda, but widespread from Eastern to Southern Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zimbabwe and South Africa). New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 2♀, Bomane village area at: 01°16.283′N, 23°43.994′E, 20–24.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping, bush paths and village environs (BECE01201, 01205); 3♀, Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349, 23.72358, 20–22.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen primary forest (disturbed), (BECE00531, 00532, 00886; all Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010).

Coenosia fumisquama Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: Ethiopia and Uganda. New records: Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and South Africa. Material examined: D.R. CONGO: Oriental Prov.: 2♀, Eyolo forest, ca. 2 km E Lieki, 0.69642, 24.24186, 25–29.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen swamp forest (BECE02595, 02589) (both Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010). KENYA: Central Prov.: 4♀, Katura Forest, Nairobi at: 01°14.504′S, 36°49.452′E, 23.iv.2011, 1720 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping in shaded mixed upland indigenous forest (BMSA(D)32420–32423). SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Prov.: 2♂, Tsitsikamma National Park, Plaatbos Nature Reserve at: 33°59.283′S, 23°55′275″E, 20–22.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, Oubrug, Storms River margin, indigenous forest (BMSA(D)03679, 03669); 2♀, Tsitsikamma National Park, Plaatbos Nature Reserve at: 33°59.137′S, 23°54.895′E, 20–22.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, indigenous forest (BMSA(D)02515, 02951). Free State Prov.: 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)35403. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♀, Kosi Bay Nature Reserve, 26°57′21″S, 32°49′51″E, 10–13.xii.2010, 37 m, A.H. Kirk- 2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 5

Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous dune forest, BMSA(D)30529. Western Cape Prov.: 6♀, Tsitsikamma National Park, Bloukrans Pass, Platbos at: 33°56.558′S, 23°37.566′E, 22– 25.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping forest paths indigenous forest (BMSA(D)05206, 05207, 05209, 05213, 05215, 05216); 1♀, Keurbos forest, 33°54.435′S, 23°43.714′E, 28–30.iii.2009, 500 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)07180; 2♀, Same locality as previous except: Malaise trap, indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)08220, 08225; 1♀, Tsitsikamma National Park, Bloukrans Pass, Platbos at: 33°56.558′S, 23°37.566′E, 22–25.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping forest paths, indigenous forest, BMSA(D)05210.

Coenosia niveifrons Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: Widespread in eastern (Burundi, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania) and West Africa (Nigeria). New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♂, Yafira forest transect, 00.70269°N, 24.20080°E, 29–31.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, primary lowland evergreen forest, BECE03127; 1♂, Yafira forest transect, 00.70216°N, 24.20060°E, 29–31.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, secondary lowland evergreen forest, BECE03315; 10♀, Lieki village area at: 00°41.117′N, 24°14.362′E, 25.v–4.vi.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping, bush paths and village environs, BECE02751–02753, 02755, 02914, 02917, 02919, 02923, 03488, 03489 (all Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010).

Curranosia prima (Curran, 1935) Recorded distribution: Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♀, Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349°N, 23.72358°E, 20–22.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen primary forest (disturbed), BECE00513; 1♀, Eyolo forest, ca. 2 km E Lieki, 0.69642°N, 24.24186°E, 25–29.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen swamp forest, BECE02571 (both Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010). Remarks: Three of the seven described species of Curranosia Paterson, 1957 have been previously recorded from D.R.C. (C. cerciformis Zielke, 1971, C. congoensis Zielke, 1974 and C. gemma [Bigot, 1878]).

Dichaetomyia (Dichaetomyia) sellata Emden, 1942 Recorded distribution: Uganda. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 1♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 25–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited decomposing fruit, BMSA(D)28308. Remarks: Dichaetomyia Malloch, 1921 is another species-rich muscid genus, occurring throughout the Afrotropical Region. Four species (one in subgenus Dichaetomyia, three in subgenus Panaga) have their distribution ranges enlarged by data in this paper.

6 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Dichaetomyia (Panaga) cuthertsoni Emden, 1942 Recorded distribution: Namibia and Zimbabwe. New record: South Africa. Material examined: SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Prov.: 1♂, 1♀, Hogsback, Redwood trail, 32°35.337′S, 26°56.135′E, 8–10.iv.2010, 1169 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and V.R. Swart, Malaise trap, indigenous (mixed) Afromontane forest (BMSA(D)22623, 22624); 1♀, Hogsback, Hobbiton, 32°35.798′S, 26°57.506′E, 6–8.iv.2010, 1186 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and V.R. Swart, hanging trap baited with fruit, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)22024; 1♂, below Sleepkloof hut, 33°56.974′S, 23°54.926′E, 31.iii–1.iv.2009, 300 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps (2), indigenous forest (stream), BMSA(D)06172. Free State Prov.: 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Mooihoekkop, 28°10′50.0′S, 29°10′51.1′E, 14– 16.ix.2009, ca. 1800 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)08837. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, main camp area at: 26°54.652′S, 32°19.719′E, 28.xi–1.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap baited fermenting fruit, broadleafed deciduous woodland, BMSA(D)15315; 1♂, Royal Natal National Park, Thendele, 28°42.378′S, 28°56.083′E, 15–17.ii.2010, 1600 m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)20354. Western Cape Prov.: 3♂, Bloukrantz, Platbos forest at: 33°56.558′S, 23°37.566′E, 26–28.iii.2009, 300 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise traps (2), indigenous forest (BMSA(D)08054– 08056); 6♂, 6♀, Same data, except: hanging trap, baited fermenting fruit bait (BMSA(D)08542, 08543, 08544, 08545–08552, 08554); 1♂, 1♀, Buffelsbos forest, 33°54.154′S, 23°38.329′E, 26–27.iii.2009, 400 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise trap, indigenous montane forest (stream) (BMSA(D)08458); 1♂, Keurbos forest, 33°54.435′S, 23°43.714′E, 28–30.iii.2009, 500 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)08083.

Dichaetomyia (Panaga) fumaria (Stein, 1906) Recorded distribution: West Africa (Cameroon, Ghana, Liberia and Sierra Leone); Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. New record: Kenya. Material examined: Central Prov.: 2♂, 1♀, Katura Forest, Nairobi at: 01°14.504′S, 36°49.452′E, 23.iv.2011, 1720 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping in shaded mixed upland indigenous forest (BMSA(D)32415, 32416, 32418); Eastern Prov.: 1♀, Njuki-Ini Forest station, 00.51660°S, 37°41843°E, 19–20.iv.2011, 1455 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, remnant indigenous upland forest, BMSA(D)32694.

Dichaetomyia (Panaga) immaculiventris Malloch, 1930 Recorded distribution: Ethiopia, ?Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. New records: Burundi and South Africa. Material examined: BURUNDI: Bururi Prov.: 1♀, Réserve Naturelle de Rumonge, 04°00.940′S, 29°29.560′E, 17–20.xi.2010, 900 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Brachystegia woodland, BMSA(D)23109. SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, Manguzi Forest Reserve, 26°59′32″S, 32°43′25″E, 13–17.xii.2010, 61 m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, hanging trap baited fermenting fruit, BMSA(D)30185; 4♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, main camp area at: 26°54.652′S, 32°19.719′E, 28.xi–1.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap baited fermenting fruit, b/leafed deciduous woodland, BMSA(D)15311, 15313, 14314, 15316.

2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 7

Dimorphia latifrons Malloch, 1929 Recorded distribution: Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi and Nigeria. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 1♂, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24748.

Graphomya eustolia (Walker, 1849) Recorded distribution: Described from Sierra Leone, widespread in West and East Africa. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 1♀, Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349°N, 23.72358°E, 20–22.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen primary forest (disturbed), BECE00507; 1♂, Bosega, nr. Djabir village, 00.51814°N, 24.16574°E, 3.vi.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping leaves, primary lowland evergreen forest, BECE03748 (both Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010). Remarks: This is a beautiful species, with three black vittae contrasting with the vivid yellow scutellum. Unlike other species of Graphomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, G. eustolia sometimes has a short or long anterior katepisternal seta, as in the above- mentioned male from D.R.C.

Gymnodia platypezoides Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: Cameroon, ?Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 27♂, 1♀, Harrismith Dist., Mooihoekkop, 28°10′50.0′S, 29°10′51.1′E, 14–16.ix.2009, ca. 1800 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)08825, 08890, 08897, 08900, 08905, 08936, 08939, 08940, 08955, 09200, 09695, 09699, 09971, 09981, 09982, 09993, 09994, 09998, 10010, 10011, 10015, 10033, 10063, 10259, 10264, 10266, 10269, 10271; 17♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm at: 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 10–12.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)11501, 11601, 11958, 12216, 12223, 12248, 12257, 13017, 13019, 13037, 13066, 13093, 13112, 13130, 13133, 13146, 13154; 7♂, Harrismith Dist., Nesshurst farm, 28°26′53.3′S, 29°09′14.2′E, 17–18.ix.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-scrub and stream bed, BMSA(D)10783, 10826, 11145, 11190, 11201, 11204, 11209.

Haematobosca uniseriata (Malloch, 1932) Recorded distribution: Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. New record: Namibia. Material examined: Caprivi Prov.: 1♂, Katima Mulilo Dist., near Mutonga village, 17°43.747′S, 24°32.384′E, 20–23.ii.2012, 930 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous sand forest, BMSA(D)34768.

Hydrotaea fuliginosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Mauritius and South Africa. New record: Namibia. Material examined: Caprivi Prov.: 1♀, Katima Mulilo Dist., near Mutonga village, 17°43.747′S, 24°32.384′E, 20–23.ii.2012, 930 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous sand forest, BMSA(D)34422. 8 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Remarks: All seven Hydrotaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 species represented in the collection have provided new distribution data. Some of these species were previously known from only one country.

Hydrotaea fumifera (Walker, 1853) Recorded distribution: Northeast Africa, South Africa and Yemen. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 1♂, 4♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited decomposing fish, BMSA(D)28221, 28228, 28231, 28232, 28254.

Hydrotaea latitarsis Emden, 1943 Recorded distribution: Uganda. New record: Kenya. Material examined: Rift Valley Prov.: 1♀, Timboroa Forest (compt. 9), 00°04.092′N, 35°30.909′E, 14–16.iv.2011, 2628 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)31924.

Hydrotaea longiciliata Emden, 1943 Recorded distribution: Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, main road at Ndumo Game Reserve, 26°54.288′S, 32°17.974′E, 4–8.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, sand and broadleafed deciduous forest, BMSA(D)18054.

Hydrotaea nigribasis Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: South Africa and Zimbabwe. New records: Burundi and Kenya. Material examined: BURUNDI: Kayanza Prov.: 93♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)25210, 25215, 25218, 25220, 25232, 25233, 25235, 25246, 25250, 25255, 25257, 25261, 25272, 25283, 25298–25300, 25682, 25689, 25690, 25694–25696, 25698, 25699, 25701–25703, 25707, 25712, 25717–25720, 25730, 25731, 25741, 25742, 25744–25746, 25748, 25749, 25751–25757, 25760, 25768, 25770–25772, 25775, 25783, 25788–25791, 25792, 25794, 25795, 25797–25802, 26790, 26794, 26846, 26849, 26852, 26853, 28071, 28075, 28077, 28078, 28080, 28088, 28090, 28109, 28113, 28119, 28122, 28129, 28136, 28138, 28139, 28146, 28150. KENYA: Rift Valley Prov.: 2♀, Timboroa Forest (compt. 9), 00°04.092′N, 35°30.909′E, 14–16.iv.2011, 2628 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)32146, 32201.

Hydrotaea ochribasis Emden, 1943 Recorded distribution: Kenya. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 2♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 22–24.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited decomposing fish, BMSA(D)28225, 28226.

2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 9

Hydrotaea polita Emden, 1943 Recorded distribution: Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda. New records: Kenya and Namibia. Material examined: KENYA: Eastern Prov.: 1♀, Njuki-Ini Forest station, 00.51660°S, 37.41843°E, 19–20.iv.2011, 1455 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, remnant indigenous upland forest, BMSA(D)32696. NAMIBIA: Caprivi Prov.: 3♀, Katima Mulilo Dist., near Mutonga village, 17°43.747′S, 24°32.384′E, 20–23.ii.2012, 930 m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous sand forest, BMSA(D)34770, 34773, 34784; 1♀, Katima Mulilo Dist., Ndopu village, Bukalo, near, 17°43.660′S, 24°32.106′E, 20– 23.ii.2012, 900 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, degraded sand forest and cultivated plots, BMSA(D)33700. Remarks: Specimens from Namibia are small, measuring ca. 2 mm in body length, while the single specimen from Kenya is larger, measuring ca. 3 mm, but diagnostic characters of the species are consistent.

Limnophora melanota Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 2♂, Brandfort Dist., Florisbad Research Station, 28°46.039′S, 26°04.234′E, 25–29.x.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Acacia savanna, BMSA(D)28657, 29162; 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm at: 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 10–12.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)11589; 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Nesshurst farm, 28°26′53.3′S, 29°09′14.2′E, 17–18.ix.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-scrub and stream bed, BMSA(D)11150. Remarks: Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 is another species-rich muscid genus widespread in the Afrotropical Region. The identified material includes new records for six species.

Limnophora obsignata Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: Widespread in the Afrotropical Region, including Madagascar and Socotra, and the western Palaearctic Region. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 4♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)25239, 25253, 25747, 28095.

Limnophora ochribasis Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Bururi Prov.: 1♀, Réserve Naturelle Forestière de Kigwena, 04°05.949′S, 29°30.455′E, 17–20.xi.2010, 810 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, circumguinean forest, BMSA(D)24565; 1♀, Réserve Naturelle de Rumonge, 04°00.940′S, 29°29.560′E, 17–20.xi.2010, 900 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Brachystegia woodland, BMSA(D)23864.

10 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Limnophora parallelifrons Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: ?Democratic Republic of Congo, ?Kenya and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 2♀, Harrismith Dist., Nesshurst farm, 28°26′53.3′S, 29°09′14.2′E, 17–18.ix.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-scrub and stream bed, BMSA(D)10784, 10786, 11114; 2♀, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm at: 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)10758, 1076.

Limnophora stragula (Séguy, 1950) Recorded distribution: Cameroon, Niger, Tanzania, Uganda and Madagascar. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Eastern Cape Prov.: 1♂, Tsitsikamma National Park, Plaatbos Nature Reserve, 33°59.283′S, 23°55′275″E, 20–22.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, Oubrug, Storms River margin indigenous forest, BMSA(D)03691. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, Royal Natal National Park, Mahai campsite area at: 28°41.386′S, 28°56.288′E, 17–18.ii.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise trap (1), straddling Mahai River, BMSA(D)20129.

Limnophora trigemina Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania (ssp. trigemina s. str.); Zimbabwe (ssp. vumbana Emden, 1951). New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 23♂, 151♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)25201, 25202, 25204–25209, 25211, 25213, 25214, 25221–25225, 25227–25231, 25234, 25237, 25238, 25240, 25244, 25245, 25247, 25248, 25251, 25254, 25258, 25260, 25262–25269, 25273–25276, 25278, 25280, 25282, 25284–25297, 25304, 25305, 25677–25681, 25686, 25688, 25692, 25693, 25697, 25700, 25704–25706, 25709, 25710, 25713, 25714, 25723, 25725, 25726, 25728, 25733, 25735, 25736, 25738–25740, 25743, 25750, 25764–25766, 25769, 25776, 25778–25782, 25784, 25785, 26791–26793, 26795, 26796, 26799, 26800, 26847, 26848, 26851, 28070, 28072, 28079, 28081–28083, 28086, 28091, 28096, 28097, 28099, 28101, 28102–28108, 28114–28118, 28120, 28121, 28123–28125, 28128, 28130–28134, 28140–28145, 28147– 28149, 28151–28158, 28160–28165. Remarks: The two subspecies (ssp. trigemina s. str. and ssp. vumbana) differ from one another by the pattern of the scutum and the colour of the calypters. The entire series from Burundi is assigned to ssp. trigemina as the scutum is dark with a few grey pollinose areas on the posterior part of the postpronotum and anterior part of notopleuron, but also with a thin silver prescutellar fascia. The calypters are yellow. The colour pattern in the present series is entirely homogeneous.

Lispe ambigua Stein, 1913 Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Kenya. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 2♀, Brandfort Dist., Florisbad Research Station, 28°46.039′S, 26°04.234′E, 4–6.iv.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Acacia savanna, BMSA(D)06179, 06181; 3♀, Same data, except: 25–29.x.2010, BMSA(D)28521, 28533, 28651. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 2♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, main camp area, 26°54.652′S, 2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 11

32°19.719′E, 26.xi–11.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, C. Haddad and V.R. Swart, MV and black light trap, broadleafed deciduous woodland, BMSA(D)15111, 15112; 5♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, Shokwe area, 26°52.125′S, 32°13.731′E, 30.xi–4.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Malaise traps, Ficus forest, BMSA(D)15582, 15589, 15601, 15628, 15638.

Lispe sexnotata Macquart, 1843 Recorded distribution: Madagascar and Réunion. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Eastern Cape Prov.: 23♂, 13♀, Tsitsikamma National Park, Plaatbos Nature Reserve, 33°59.283′S, 23°55.275’E, 20–22.i.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, Oubrug, Storms River margin, indigenous forest, BMSA(D)03601–03637. Free State Prov.: 2♂, 2♀, Brandfort Dist., Florisbad Research Station, 28°46.039′S, 26°04.234′E, 4–6.iv.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Acacia savanna, BMSA(D)06178, 06182, 06413, 06462; 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)35407.

Lispocephala pectinata (Stein, 1900) Recorded distribution: Madagascar, Socotra and Tanzania; Oriental and Australasian Regions as far east as Society Islands (French Polynesia). New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 6♂, Brandfort Dist., Florisbad Research Station, 28°46.039′S, 26°04.234′E, 25–29.x.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Acacia savanna, BMSA(D)28555, 28569, 28580, 28582, 28594, 28630.

Morellia longiseta Emden, 1939 Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Eastern Cape Prov.: 1♀, Plaatbos forest, 33°57.863′S, 23°54.484′E, 31.iii–1.iv.2009, 300 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, Malaise trap, indigenous forest, BMSA(D)06863. Western Cape Prov.: 1♂, 3♀, Keurbos forest, 33°54.435′S, 23°43.714′E, 28–30.iii.2009, 500 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto, sweeping, indigenous montane forest, BMSA(D)08089–08091, 08097.

Myospila cuthbertsoni Snyder, 1940 Recorded distribution: Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Zimbabwe. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 1♀, Harrismith Dist., Nesshurst farm, 28°26′53.3′S, 29°09′14.2′E, 17–18.ix.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-scrub and stream bed, BMSA(D)10747; 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 10–12.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)11671. KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♀, Royal Natal National Park, Tiger Falls area, 28°41.341′S, 28°56.047′E, 17–18.ii.2010, 1545 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise trap, Protea caffra woodland, BMSA(D)20078; 3♀, Royal Natal National Park, Thendele, 28°42.378′S, 28°56.083′E, 15–17.ii.2010, 1600 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Leucosedea-dominated scrub, BMSA(D)20322, 20375, 20416.

12 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Neomyia macroviola (Snyder, 1951) Recorded distribution: Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Liberia and Togo. New record: Democratic Republic of Congo. Material examined: Oriental Prov.: 2♀, Bomane village area, 01°16.283′N, 23°43.994′E, 20–24.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise trap, lowland evergreen secondary forest (BECE01257, 01272); 1♀, Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349°N, 23.72358°E, 20–22.v.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, lowland evergreen primary forest (disturbed), BECE00512 (all Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010).

Phaonia cuthbertsoni Curran, 1938 Recorded distribution: Zimbabwe. New record: Kenya. Material examined: Rift Valley Prov.: 4♂, 4♀, Timboroa Forest (compt. 9), 00°04.092′N, 35°30.909′E, 14–16.iv.2011, 2628 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)31864, 31870, 31871, 31887, 31894, 31895, 31904, 31923. Remarks: Most Afrotropical species of Phaonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 are known from South Africa and a few other countries, but some, such as the first three Phaonia species recorded here, were previously known from only one country.

Phaonia metallica Zielke, 1970 Recorded distribution: Zimbabwe. New records: Burundi and South Africa. Material examined: BURUNDI: Kayanza Prov.: 1♂, 3♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24729, 24737, 25727, 28112. SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape Prov.: 1♀, Hogsback, Hobbiton, 32°35.798′S, 26°57.506′E, 6–8.iv.2010, 1186 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and V.R. Swart, Malaise trap, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)22519.

Phaonia parallelifrons Emden, 1943 Recorded distribution: Burundi, Uganda and Zimbabwe. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5”S, 29°37′09.8”E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)35180.

Phaonia varians (Bigot, 1885) Recorded distribution: Widespread throughout Afrotropical Region (including Annobón Island and Mauritius). New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 1♂, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 25–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited decomposing fish, BMSA(D)28227.

2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 13

Prostomoxys saegerae (Zumpt, 1969) Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. New record: South Africa. Material examined: KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, Shokwe area at: 26°52.125′S, 32°13.731′E, 30.xi–4.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Ficus forest, BMSA(D)16205; 1♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, main camp area, 26°54.652′S, 32°19.719′E, 27–30.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, broad-leafed deciduous woodland, BMSA(D)14742. Remarks: Prostomoxys Zumpt, 1973 comprises a single species, P. saegerae, until now known only from D.R.C. It represents the first record of this genus and species for South Africa.

Pseudohelina cockerelli (Emden, 1951) Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 1♂, 3♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24735, 24745, 24757, 28306.

Pseudohelina phaeoxantha (Emden, 1951) Recorded distribution: Tanzania and Uganda. New records: Burundi and Kenya. Material examined: BURUNDI: Kayanza Prov.: 3♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24715, 24727, 24740. KENYA: Rift Valley Prov.: 1♂, 1♀, Timboroa Forest (compt. 9), 00°04.092′N, 35°30.909′E, 14– 16.iv.2011, 2628 m, A.H. and M.K. Kirk-Spriggs, sweeping, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)32669, 32677.

Pygophora acromiata (Speiser, 1910) Recorded distribution: Widespread from West to East Africa, south to Malawi and Mozambique. New records: Burundi and South Africa. Material examined: BURUNDI: Bururi Prov.: 1♀, Réserve Naturelle Forestière de Kigwena, 04°05.949′S, 29°30.455′E, 17–20.xi.2010, 810 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, circumguinean forest, BMSA(D)24570. SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, 15♀, Ndumo Game Reserve, Shokwe area, 26°52.125′S, 32°13.731′E, 30.xi– 4.xii.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Ficus forest, BMSA(D)15296–15303, 15304, 15308, 15383, 15584, 15602–15604.

Pyrellia difficilis Zielke, 1971 Recorded distribution: Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 1♂, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5”S, 29°37′09.8”E, 26–29.iii.2012, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)35124.

14 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

Pyrellina abdominalis Zielke, 1971 Recorded distribution: Tanzania and Uganda. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 9♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24711, 24712, 24721–24724, 24730, 24731, 24739; 1♂, 2♀, Same data, except: hanging trap baited decomposing fish, BMSA(D)28222–28224; 3♂, 1♀, Same data, except: hanging trap baited fermenting fruit, BMSA(D)28290–28292, 28302. Remarks. These specimens represent the first records of the genus Pyrellina Malloch, 1923 from Burundi.

Pyrellina distincta (Walker, 1853) Recorded distribution: Widespread throughout Afrotropical Region, including Fernando Póo and Principe Islands. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Bururi Prov.: 1♂, Réserve Naturelle Forestière de Kigwena, 04°05.949′S, 29°30.455′E, 17–20.xi.2010, 810 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, circumguinean forest, BMSA(D)24087.

Pyrellina marsya (Walker, 1849) Recorded distribution: South Africa and Zimbabwe. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 2♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 25–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, hanging trap, baited decomposing fruit, BMSA(D)28286, 28304.

Pyrellina versatilis (Villeneuve, 1916) Recorded distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. New record: Burundi. Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 2♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest (BMSA(D)24752, 24754); 5♀, Same data, except: 25– 26.xi.2010, hanging trap, baited decomposing fruit, BMSA(D)28285, 28289, 28293, 28295, 28305.

Stomoxys inornatus Grünberg, 1906 Recorded distribution: Widespread from West to East Africa. New record: Burundi Material examined: Kayanza Prov.: 3♀, Parc National de la Kibira, Rwegura Sector, 02°55.320′S, 29°30.067′E, 21–26.xi.2010, 2237 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)24713, 24716, 24747.

Stomoxys varipes Bezzi, 1907 Recorded distribution: West and East Africa, Malawi and Zimbabwe. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Eastern Cape Prov.: 1♂, Hogsback, Never Daunted, 32°35.725′S, 26°55.873′E, 28–29.iii.2011, 1138 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, indigenous Afromontane forest, BMSA(D)31711. 2013 Couri, Kirk-Spriggs & Pont – Distribution records of Afrotropical Muscidae 15

Xenomyia bispina Emden, 1951 Recorded distribution: Uganda. New record: South Africa. Material examined: Free State Prov.: 1♀, Harrismith Dist., Scotland farm, 27°58′59.5′S, 29°37′09.8′E, 10–12.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, dense Leucosedea- dominated scrub, BMSA(D)12252. 1♂, 2♀, Brandfort Dist., Florisbad Research Station, 28°46.039′S, 26°04.234′E, 25–29.x.2010, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, Acacia savanna (BMSA(D)28540, 28541, 29178). KwaZulu-Natal Prov.: 1♂, 1♀, Royal Natal National Park, Mahai campsite area, 28°41.386′S, 28°56.288′E, 17–18.ii.2010, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Malaise trap (1), straddling Mahai River, BMSA(D)13091, 20130. Remarks: Six species of Xenomyia Malloch, 1921 are represented in the collection, all from South Africa.

DISCUSSION

Some of the new records have enlarged the distribution ranges of species previously known only from a single country, and have indicated that some genera may be more speciose in certain countries. For example, six species of Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 have now been found in Burundi, where formerly only L. perfidodes Emden, 1951 was recorded.

The new records of Prostomoxys saegerae Zumpt, 1973 from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and S. varipes Bezzi, 1907 from Eastern Cape (South Africa) are of medical and veterinary significance, as these two species belong to the stomoxyine biting muscid flies. The same applies to the two widespread species of Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762 for which new records are listed above, namely S. inornatus Grünberg, 1906 and S. varipes Bezzi, 1907, even though their individual biologies have yet to be studied.

Besides the new records, the study of this new material has indicated that the diversity of some genera, such as Coenosia Meigen, 1826 and Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, is much higher than appears at present. There are about 40 undetermined species each in Coenosia and Helina, mainly from South Africa, in the collection of the National Museum, Bloemfontein (South Africa). The KwaZulu-Natal Museum (Pietermaritzburg, South Africa) and The Natural History Museum (London, United Kingdom) also have numerous specimens of unidentified Afrotropical muscids.

The material also includes undetermined species of other genera, such as Dichaetomyia Malloch, 1921 (especially the subgenus Panaga Curran, 1928) and Limnophora Robineau- Desvoidy, 1830, some of which may represent undescribed species.

The ongoing study of this rich material and also of new collections from other areas is necessary for a fuller understanding of the distribution of the Afrotropical Muscidae.

16 Navors. nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, Volume 29, Part 1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

MSC is grateful to “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq, 200963/2012-0), an agency of the Brazilian Government fostering scientific and technological development, for a grant to visit and work in the collection of the National Museum, Bloemfontein. AHK-S acknowledges the National Research Foundation (South Africa) for Incentive Funding for Rated Researchers, which allowed the sampling of some specimens used in this study. Claudio J.B. de Carvalho (UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil) and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their helpful comments on the manuscript.

REFERENCES

COURI, M.S., PONT, A.C. & PENNY, N.D. 2006. Muscidae (Diptera) from Madagascar: identification keys, descriptions of new species, and new records. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 57: 799–923.

COURI, M.S., CARVALHO, C.J.B. de & PONT, A.C. 2012. Taxonomy of the Muscidae (Diptera) of Namibia: a key to genera, diagnoses, new records and description of a new species. Afr. Invertebr. 53: 47–67.

DEEMING, J.C. 1987. Some new and little known species of Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) from the Malagasian subregion. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 123: 15–25.

DIKE, M.C. 1989. A key for the identification of Afrotropical species of the shoot-fly subgenus Atherigona of Atherigona (Diptera: Muscidae), with a description of some new species from Africa. Bull. Entomol. Res. 79: 545–566.

DIKE, M.C. 1990. Key to males of Nigerian species of the shootfly genus Atherigona Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae). Samaru J. Agric. Res. 7: 97–124.

PATERSON, H.E. 1960. Notes on the genus Alluaudinella G.-T. with the description of a new species and a key to the known species of the genus (Diptera: Muscidae). Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar (E) 11 [1959]: 355–367.

PONT, A.C. 1980. Family Muscidae, pp. 721–761. In: Crosskey, R.W. (Ed). Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. London: British Museum (Natural History).

ZUMPT, F. 1969. Notes on the genus Aethiopomyia Malloch (Diptera: Muscidae) with a new species from Tanzania. J. Entomol. Soc. Sthn Afr. 32: 163–167.

ZUMPT, F. 1973. The Stomoxyine biting flies of the world. Diptera: Muscidae. Taxonomy, biology, economic importance and control measures. Stuttgart: Gustav Fisher.

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Editor: M.F. Bates, Ph.D. (Stellenbosch); Co-editor (Natural Sciences): R.J. Nuttall, M.Sc. (Natal). Co-editors (Human Sciences): J. Haasbroek, D.Phil. (UOFS); S. Moodley, M.A. (Wits).

Consulting Editors: Prof. C. Chimimba (Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, South Africa); Dr J. Deacon (South African Heritage Resources Agency, Cape Town, South Africa – retired); Dr A. Dippenaar-Schoeman (ARC – Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa); Dr A. Kemp (Northern Flagship Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Pretoria, South Africa – retired); Dr D.T. Rowe-Rowe (Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa – retired); Prof. B.S. Rubidge (Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa); Prof. A.E. van Wyk (Department of Botany, University of Pretoria, South Africa); Prof. A. Wessels (Department of History, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa).

Orders to: National Museum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa E-mail: [email protected]