Crown Heights and Prospect Heights 1 Pacific St

BROOKLYN COMMUNITY Crown Heights and DISTRICT 8 Prospect Heights Including Crown Heights, Prospect Heights and Weeksville

Health is closely tied to our daily environment. Understanding how our neighborhood affects our physical and mental health is the first step toward building a healthier and more equitable New York City.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 1 PACIFIC ST

6 AV FLATBUSH AV Who We Are ATLANTIC AV

New York City EASTERN PARKWAY RALPH AV EAST NEW New York City YORK AV

ROCHESTER AV NYC population by race PAGE 2 PAGE 6 PAGENYC population 2 by race Crown Heights and New York City Black PAGENew 2 York City PAGEPopulationProspect Black2 by race Heights PAGEElementary 6 School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 100.0 Latino 87.5 87.5 POPULATION NYC population by race LatinoBlack Black BY RACE AND75.0 75.0 Population64% by race Elementary90 School Abseentee 100 On time high school graduation 100.062.5 62.5 Other ETHNICITY^ 50.087.5 PAGE 2 100.050.0 PAGEOtherLatino 2 LatinoPAGE 6 37.575.0 29% 32% 87.537.5 Asian 62.5 22% 75.0 Black Black 90 100 25.0 15% 25.0 PopulationAsian 64% by race 18% Other Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation75 50.0 100.0 62.5 Other 12% 12.5 87.5 12.5 White 32% 2% 50.0 Latino100.0 3% 3% Latino 60 New York37.50.0 75.0 City 29% 0.0 22% 87.5 White 25.0 62.5 37.5 75.0 Asian Asian 90 100 Asian15% Black Latino White Other Other Asian Black64% Latino White Other Other 12.5 50.0 25.0 62.5 18% 75 37.5 29% 32% 2% 50.0 12% 50 0.0 22% 12.5 White NYC population by race 25.0 15% Asian37.5Population3%White by age 3% Asian 60 12.5 Asian Black Latino White Other 0.0 25.0 75 NYC population by age 2% 12% 18% TOTAL 0.0 White12.5 Asian3% Black Latino White 3%Other White 60 30 PAGE 2 Asian Black Latino PAGEWhite 2Other 0.0 PAGE 6 Asian Black Latino White Other 5025 POPULATION 8,537,673 45.0 97,130 NYC populationBlack by age Population byBlack age 50 45.0 Population by race 37% Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 NYC population by age Population by age 30 87.5 Latino100.032% Latino 30 75.0 87.5 25 POPULATION45.0 45.0 45.0 22% 0 25 0 62.5 75.0 25% 22.5 45.0 20% 90 100 21% Other 64% Other37%37% 50.0 BY AGE 22.5 62.532% 37.5 29% 32% 50.032% 12% 22% 25% 14% 9% 25.0 15% 21%9% Asian37.5 25% Asian 22% 0 0 12.5 22.5 25.0 22.5 20% 22.5 2% 21% 18%22.5 22% 75 0 0 0.0 12.5 14% 12% 0.0 20% Highest Level of Education Achieved 9% White 3% 3% 9% White 12%60 Asian Black Latino White0.0 Other 0.0 14% 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 12%65+ 0-17 18-249% 25-44 45-64Asian 65+Black Latino White Other 9% 0.0 0.0 Highest Level50 of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ NYC population by age 0.0 Population by age 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Born0-17 outside18-24 US25-44 45-64 3065+ English pro ciency 25 45.0 BornBorn outside outside US US45.0 EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciencyBorn outside US English pro ciency 37% 32% BORN OUTSIDE25% 22.5 21% Born outside US22.5 20% 22%EnglishBorn pro ciency outside US 0 English pro ciency 0 14% THE US 12% 9% 37% 9% 30% 0.0 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciency Born outside US English pro ciency 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 HAVE LIMITED 2000 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration ENGLISH 2000 PROFICIENCY 1500 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 23% PAGE 8 8%Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 20001500 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault0 20 40 Hospitalizations60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Incarceration ^White, Black, Asian and Other exclude Latino ethnicity. Latino is Hispanic or Latino of any race. 500 2000 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 15001000 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations0 40 80 120 Incarceration160 200 Sources: Population, Race and Ethnicity and Age: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2016; Born Outside the U.S. and English Proficiency: U.S. Census Bureau, American 0 Community Survey, 2012-2016 1500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 2 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018:0 CROWN HEIGHTS40 AND80 PROSPECT120 HEIGHTS160 200 500 500 0

0 40 80 0120 16040 200 80 120 160 200 0 0 Note from Oxiris Barbot, Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

We are pleased to present the 2018 Community Health Profiles, a look into the health of New York City’s (NYC) 59 diverse community districts.

The health of NYC has never been better. Our city’s life expectancy is 81.2 years, 2.5 years higher than the national average.

However, not all residents have the same opportunities to lead a healthy life. A ZIP code should not determine a person’s health, but that’s the reality in so many cities, including our own.

The Community Health Profiles allow us to see how much health can vary by neighborhood. Policies and practices based on a history of racism and discrimination (often referred to as structural racism) have created neighborhoods with high rates of poverty and limited access to resources that promote health. The practice of removing funding or refusing to provide funding to communities of color has caused poor health outcomes to cluster in these communities.

The Community Health Profiles also show how important community resources, and funding to create and sustain these resources, are to health outcomes. For example, supermarkets provide more access to fresh foods than bodegas. However, in some neighborhoods with obesity rates higher than the citywide average, just 5% of food establishments are supermarkets, making it difficult for residents to make healthy choices.

Addressing these inequities may seem like a daunting task, but by working together, we can dismantle the unjust policies and practices that contribute to poor health in our communities. Through Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020), and other New York City Health Department programs, we work with community partners to give every resident the same opportunity for good health. We are making progress, but there is more work to do.

Reducing health inequities requires policymakers, community groups, health professionals, researchers and residents to work together for change at every level. We look forward to working with you to improve the health of our city.

Sincerely,

Oxiris Barbot, MD

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 3 Table of Contents

Who We Are Healthy Living PAGE 2 PAGE 13

Understanding Health Health Care Inequities in New York City PAGE 14-15 PAGE 5

Social and Economic Health Outcomes Conditions PAGE 16-18 PAGE 6-8

Housing and Notes Neighborhood Conditions PAGE 19 PAGE 9-10

Map and Contact Maternal and Child Health PAGE 11-12 Information BACK COVER

NAVIGATING THIS DOCUMENT This profile covers all of Brooklyn’s Community District 8, which includesCrown Heights, Prospect Heights and Weeksville. This is one of 59 community districts in NYC. The community district with the most favorable outcome in NYC for each measure is presented throughout the report. Sometimes this is the highest rate (e.g., physical activity) and sometimes this is the lowest rate (e.g., infant mortality). Some figures include an arrow to help readers understand the direction of the healthier outcome. This profile uses the following color coding system:

CROWN HEIGHTS LOWEST/HIGHEST AND PROSPECT BROOKLYN NEW YORK CITY COMMUNITY HEIGHTS DISTRICT

4 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS Understanding Health Inequities in New York City

The ability to live a long and healthy life is not equally available to all New Yorkers. A baby born to a family that lives in the Upper East Side will live 11 years longer than a baby born to a family in Brownsville. This inequity is unacceptable.

Resources and opportunities are at the root of good health. These include secure jobs with benefits, well-maintained and affordable housing, safe neighborhoods with clean parks, accessible transportation, healthy and affordable food, and quality education and health care.1 In NYC, access to these resources and opportunities are not equitably distributed. Neighborhoods with residents of color often have fewer resources.

Since the 1600s—when NYC was established by colonization—racist policies and practices have shaped where New Yorkers live and go to school, what jobs they have and what their neighborhoods look like. Over time, these policies and practices have built on each other to create deep inequity.

For example, in the 1930s the federal government developed a policy known as redlining. As part of this policy, neighborhoods were rated based on the race, ethnicity and national origin of their residents. Neighborhoods that were home to people of color, like Central Harlem and Brownsville, were outlined in red on a map. They were labeled as "hazardous" and no home loans or other investments were approved there. The wealthiest and Whitest neighborhoods in NYC received, and continue to receive, more investment and opportunities for health.2

The denial of resources and opportunities that support good health contributes to the differences in life expectancy we see today. Experiencing racism is also a health burden, creating chronic stress that contributes to major causes of death, like diabetes and heart disease.3

To better understand the successes and challenges in each of NYC’s 59 neighborhoods, the Community Health Profiles present data on a range of measures. These data should be interpreted with an understanding that good health is not only determined by personal choices. Many other factors shape differences in health outcomes, including past and current discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, sexual orientation and other identities. We hope the Community Health Profiles support your efforts in making NYC more equitable for all. For more information on the New York City Health Department programs and services that are closing the gap in health outcomes, visit nyc.gov/health.

1 Marmot M, Friel S, Bell R, et al. Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity Through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. The Lancet. 2008; 372(9650): 1661–1669. 2 Undesign the Redline. http://www.designingthewe.com/undesign-the-redline. Accessed March 13, 2018. 3 Krieger N. Embodying inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination. International Journal of Health Services. 1999; 29(2): 295-352.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 5 Social and Economic Conditions

Education Higher education levels are associated with better health outcomes. Missing too many days of school can cause students to fall behind and increases their risk of dropping out. Crown Heights and Prospect Heights’ elementary school absenteeism rate is higher than the rate for NYC overall. Seven out of 10 high school students in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights graduate in four years, lower than the citywide rate. PAGE 2PAGE 2 PAGE 6PAGE 6

Black Black ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ABSENTEEISM ON-TIME HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION PopulationPopulation by race by race ElementaryElementary(percent School of public School Abseenteeschool students Abseentee in grades K through 5 missingOn time 19 orOn high time(percent school high of public schoolgraduation school graduation students graduating in four years) 100.0 100.0 Latino Latino more school days) 87.5 87.5 75.0 75.0 90 90 100 100 96% 64% 64% Other 62.5 62.5 Other 50.0 50.0 37.5 37.5 Asian Asian 75% 75% 25.0 25.0 75 75 71% 12% 18%12% 18% 12.5 12.5 3% 3% 3% 3% White White 60 60 0.0 0.0 PAGEPAGEPAGE 2 2 2 PAGEPAGEPAGE 6 6 6 Asian BlackAsianLatinoBlackWhiteLatinoOtherWhite Other BlackBlackBlack 50 50 PopulationPopulation by age by age PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by race race race ElementaryElementaryElementary School School School Abseentee Abseentee Abseentee OnOnOn time time time high high high school school school graduation graduation graduation 28% 100.0100.0100.0 30 30 LatinoLatinoLatino 87.587.587.5 20% 45.0 45.0 19% 25 25 75.075.075.0 64%64%64% 909090 100100100 37% 37% 62.562.562.5 OtherOtherOther 50.050.050.0 5% 37.537.537.5 AsianAsianAsian 22.5 22.5 20% 20% 22% 22% 0 0 0 0 25.025.025.0 757575 12%12%12% 18%18%18% Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest: Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Highest: 9% 12% 12.512.512%12.5 3%3%3% 3%3%3% WhiteWhiteWhite 606060 9% 0.00.00.0 and Prospect Bayside and and Prospect Financial District AsianAsianAsian BlackBlackBlack LatinoLatinoLatino WhiteWhiteWhite OtherHighestOtherOther Highest LevelHeights of Level Education of Education Achieved AchievedLittle Neck Heights 0.0 0.0 505050 0-17 18-240-17 25-4418-24 45-6425-44 65+45-64 65+ Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 Note: NYC and borough On-time High School Graduation data may differ from rates PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by age age age presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset 303030 for more details. Born outsideBorn outside US US 45.045.045.0EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciency Source: NYC Department of Education,2525 252017 37%37%37%

22%22%22% 22.522.522.5 20%20%20% HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION000 ACHIEVED (percent of adults ages 25 and older) 000 9%9%9% 12%12%12% High school Less than 0.00.00.0 HighestHighestHighest Level Level Level graduateof of of Education Education Education or Achieved Achieved Achieved 0-170-170-17 18-2418-2418-24 25-4425-4425-44 45-6445-6445-64 65+65+65+ high school some college College graduate Two out of five adults Crown Heights and Prospect Heights 16% 40% 44% in Crown Heights and BornBornBorn outside outside outside US US US 0 20 40 60 0 80 20EnglishEnglish100English40 60 0 8020 100pro ciency 40pro ciency pro ciency60 0 80 20 100 40 600 8020 10040 60 0 80 20 100 40 60 80 100 Prospect Heights have a college degree. 2000 2000 Brooklyn 20% 40% 40% PAGE 8PAGENon-fatal 8 Non-fatal Assault Assault Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarceration Sixteen percent of adults have not 1500 1500 NYC 19% 38% 43% completed high school, a rate lower Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph appliesGraph applies to all CDs. to all CDs. than the citywide rate. 1000 1000 Highest % college graduate: 4% 12% 84% Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho

0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 500 500Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016 200020002000 0 0 40 40 80 80 120 PAGEPAGEPAGE120 8 1608 8 Non-fatalNon-fatalNon-fatal160 200 Assault Assault Assault200 Hospitalizations Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarcerationIncarceration 0 0 150015001500 6 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS EditEditEdit in in in Indesign. Indesign. Indesign. Graph Graph Graph applies applies applies to to to all all all CDs. CDs. CDs. 100010001000

500500500

000 404040 808080 120120120 160160160 200200200 000 Social and Economic Conditions

Economic stress Living in high-poverty neighborhoods limits healthy options and makes it difficult to access quality health care and resources that promote health. In Crown Heights and Prospect Heights, 21% of residents live in poverty, compared with 20% of NYC residents. Access to affordable housing and employment opportunities with fair wages and benefits are also closely associated with good health. Crown Heights and Prospect Heights’ unemployment rate is similar to the citywide average of 9%. Rent burdened households pay more than 30% of their income for housing and may have difficulty affording food, clothing, transportation and health care. Fifty percentCrown of Heights and Prospect Heights residents are rent burdened, a similar rate compared with residents citywide. One way to consider the effect of income on health is by comparing death rates among neighborhoods. “Avertable deaths” are those that could have been avoided if each neighborhood had the same death rate as the five wealthiest neighborhoods.Using this measure, 36% of deaths could have been averted in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights. ECONOMIC STRESS Many of the Crown Heights and factors that affect Prospect Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest % health happen Poverty 21% 21% 20% 7% outside of a (percent of residents) Upper East Side doctor’s office. This includes Unemployment 9% 9% 9% 4% access to quality (percent of people ages 16 and older) Upper East Side education, jobs and safe spaces Rent Burden 50% 52% 51% 37% to live. Residents (percent of renter-occupied homes) Park Slope and in high-poverty Carroll Gardens neighborhoods Note: Unemployment data may differ from rates presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset often lack these for more details. resources. Sources: Poverty: American Community Survey as augmented by NYC Opportunity, 2012-2016 (community district and NYC), 2016 (borough); Unemployment and Rent Burden: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016; Avertable Deaths: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2015

Is your neighborhood gentrifying? Gentrification transforms a low-income area into a high-income area through neighborhood redevelopment. It is often defined as changes in the racial and ethnic makeup, education level and average income of a neighborhood's residents, as well as changes in housing and commercial businesses. While development may be beneficial, it is often inequitable, and can lead to displacement of long-time residents and businesses.

Gentrification can be measured in many ways. One measure that is used in NYC is to determine if a low-income neighborhood (those with the lowest 40% of average household income in 1990) saw higher than median rent growth over the past 20 years. Based on this definition, 24 neighborhoods were considered low-income in 1990, and Crown Heights and Prospect Heights is one of 17 neighborhoods that is gentrifying.

Source: NYU Furman Center, 2015

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 7 PAGE 2 PAGE 6

Black Population by race Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 Latino 87.5 75.0 64% 90 100 62.5 Other 50.0 37.5 Asian 25.0 75 12% 18% 12.5 3% 3% White 60 0.0 Asian Black Latino White Other 50 Population by age 30

45.0 25 37%

22.5 20% 22% 0 0 9% 12%

0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciency

Social and Economic Conditions

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Violence Compared with the citywide rate, Crown Heights and Prospect Heights2000 has a higher rate of assault-related hospitalizations. PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration NON-FATAL ASSAULT HOSPITALIZATIONS (per 100,000 people) 1500 Hospitalizations 85 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights related to injuries fromEdit assaults in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 59 Brooklyn 1000 capture the 59 NYC consequences 500 of community 8 Lowest: Bayside and Little Neck violence. 0 40 80 120 160 200 More healthy Less healthy 0 Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014

Incarceration Incarceration takes a toll on individuals, families and communities. Black and Latino New Yorkers experience higher policing compared with non-Latino White New Yorkers. This leads to higher rates of detention, which may include long periods of time spent in jail before trial. People who have been incarcerated are more likely to experience mental and physical health problems. They may also have trouble finding employment and housing and accessing healthy food.

JAIL INCARCERATION (per 100,000 adults ages 16 and older) 2000

872 460 Brooklyn 425 71 NYC 0 Lowest: Upper East Side Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Source: NYC Department of Corrections, 2015-2016 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 ADULTS REPORTING THAT THEIR NEIGHBORS Helpful neighbors Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Strong social connections can have a positive impact ARE WILLING TO HELP ONE ANOTHER on the health of community members. Feeling that our (percent of adults) neighbors are willing to help each other is one aspect of Crown Heights11% and Prospect Heights 69% community connection. In Crown Heights and Prospect Brooklyn 73% Heights, 69% of residents think that their neighbors are willing to help one another. This is similar to the rest of NYC 72% the city. Highest: Tottenville and Great Kills 86% Preterm births

0Less healthy20 40 60 80More healthy100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 8 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILESHomes 2018: with CROWN air conditioners HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS Pedestrian Injury 100 Teen births 80

0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects

80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 60 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 10 0 350

Cockroaches 300 250

200

150

100

0 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 8 Housing and NeighborhoodPAGE 10 Conditions PAGE 11 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care

11%The environment we live in can make it easier or more difficult for New Yorkers to lead healthy lives. 11%

Air conditioning Air pollution Preterm births Most heat stroke deaths in NYC occur in homes Though air quality is improving in NYC in general, it varies by Preterm births without air conditioning. Three-quarters of community district. In Crown Heights and Prospect Heights, 0 PAGE20 8 40 60 80 100 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 households in Crown Heights and Prospect levels of the most harmful air pollutant, fine particulate 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 HelpfulHeights Neighbors have working air conditioners. Bike matterLanes (PM2.5), are 8.0 micrograms per cubic meter. PAGE 9 Late or no0 prenatal20 care40 60 80 100 AIR CONDITIONING PAGEAIR POLLUTION 9 Homes(percent with of air households) conditioners Pedestrian(micrograms Injury of fine particulate matter per cubic meter) 99% Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 100 11% 85% 89% Teen births 100 80 77% More Teen births healthy 80 60 60 8.0 Preterm births 40 7.8 7.5 Crown Heights 40 Brooklyn 20 and Prospect NYC 0 20 40 60 80 100 Less Heights healthy 20 6.0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Lowest: Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Highest: 0 PAGEand 9 Prospect Tottenville and Rockaway and Broad Channel HomesHeights with air conditionersGreat Kills 0 Pedestrian20 40Injury 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects 0 20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 HomesSource: NYC without DOHMH, Community maintenance Air Survey, 2016 defects 80 100 0 Teen births20 40 60 80 100 70 0 20 40 60 80 100 80 Housing quality 80 60 Every resident has the right to live in housing that is safe and70 pest-free. Poorly maintained housing is associated with 50 60 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 poor health outcomes, including worsened asthma and other60 respiratory illnesses. In Crown Heights and Prospect 40 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 30 Heights, only 23% of renter-occupied homes are adequatelyChild 40Asthma maintained emergency by landlords – free from heating breakdowns,Childhood Obesity 20 20 cracks, holes, peeling paint and other defects. Thirty-fivedepartment percent30 of Crown visits Heights and Prospect Heights households Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 10 report seeing cockroaches, which is a potential asthma trigger.20 department visits 0 0 350 10 HOMES WITHOUT MAINTENANCE 0HOMES REPORTING COCKROACHES 300 350 CockroachesDEFECTS (percent of renter-occupied homes) 0 (percent20 of households)40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects 300 250 Cockroaches More 80 75% 200 0 20250 40 60 80 100 healthy 70 Crown Heights and 150 35% 200 60 Prospect Heights 150 50 44% 100PAGE 12 PAGE 12 41% 26% Brooklyn 40 50 100 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 23% 50 20 department0 visits23% NYC 0 10 20 40 60 80 100Less 0 healthy 0 00% 20 40 Lowest:60 Tottenville80 and Great100 Kills Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Highest: 350 and Prospect Tottenville and 300 CockroachesHeights Great Kills 250 Note: Maintenance defects include water leaks, cracks and holes, inadequate Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 heating, presence of mice or rats, toilet breakdowns or peeling paint. 200 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 150

100 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 9 50

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11% Housing and Neighborhood Conditions

Bicycle network coverage Pedestrian injury Preterm births Forty-five percent of roads inCrown Heights and Crown Heights and Prospect Heights residents have a 0 20 40 60 80 100 Prospect Heights have bike lanes, which is higher similar pedestrian injury hospitalization rate compared PAGE 8 PAGEthan NYC 10 overall. PAGE0with 11 NYC20 overall.40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 Helpful Neighbors BikeBICYCLEHomes Lanes with NETWORK air conditioners COVERAGE Late orPEDESTRIANPedestrian no prenatal Injury care INJURY HOSPITALIZATIONS (percent of streets with bike lanes) (per 100,000 people) 100 Teen births Crown Heights and Crown Heights and 11% 80 Highest 45% Prospect Heights 27 Prospect Heights 60 13% Brooklyn 23 Brooklyn 40 NYC 23 NYC 20 10% Preterm births

Less0 healthy More healthy 9 Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho 0 20 40 60 80 100

0 20 40 60 80 100 0More healthy20 40 60 80Less healthy100 PAGE 9 HomesAccess without to bike maintenance lanes can make defects it easier and safer to ride a bike more often. Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Homes with air conditioners 80Pedestrian Injury Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 100 60Source: NYC Department of Transportation, 2017 Teen births 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 80 40 60 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 40 10 0 20 350

0 Food environment SUPERMARKET300 TO BODEGA RATIO Cockroaches For every one supermarket in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights, Bodegas are less likely to have healthy food options than 250 there are 25 bodegas. 0supermarkets.20 The40 lowest60 ratio among80 NYC100 community Homes without maintenance defects 200 districts is one supermarket for every three bodegas 150 25 80 (healthier); the highest is one supermarket for every 570 20 40 60 80 100 70 bodegas (less healthy). Crown Heights and Prospect 100 60 Heights is home to no NYC farmers markets, another 50 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 source of healthy food. 0 30 Child0 Asthma20 emergency40 60 80 100 Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 1 10 It is easier to make healthy choices when 0 350healthy, affordable food is readily available.

300 Cockroaches Supermarket Bodegas 250

200 Source: Farmers Markets: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control, 2017; Supermarket to Bodega Ratio: New York State Department of 150 Agriculture and Markets, October 2016 100

0 0 20 40 60 80 100 10 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS Maternal and Child Health

Pregnancy outcomes In Crown Heights and Prospect Heights, the rate of expectant Access to quality health mothers receiving late or no prenatal care is higher than the citywide care is critical to a mother’s rate. One in 11 births to Crown Heights and Prospect Heights residents health before, during and after is preterm (three or more weeks before the due date), higher than the pregnancy, and to the health of our littlest New Yorkers. citywide rate.

PAGE 8 PAGE 10 LATEPAGE 11OR NO PRENATAL CARE (percent of live births) Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care 6.7% NYC PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 1.3% 6.2% 7.4% Helpful Neighbors11% Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Lowest: Brooklyn Crown Heights PAGE 8 FinancialPAGE District 10 and ProspectPAGE 11 11% Heights Source:Preterm NYC DOHMH, births Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2015 Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care 0 20 40 60 80 100 PRETERM BIRTHS 0 20 11% 40 60 80 100 (percentPreterm of live births births) PAGE 9 8.3% Brooklyn 8.7% NYC Preterm birth is 0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury a key driver of 0 20 40 60 80 100 5.4% 8.3% 9.2% infant death. 100 PAGE 9 Teen births Preterm births Homes80 with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury Lowest: Greenpoint Crown Heights and Williamsburg and Prospect 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 100 Teen births Heights 40 Source: NYC0 DOHMH,20 Bureau of40 Vital Statistics,60 2015 80 100 80 PAGE 9 20 60 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 0 40 100 Teen pregnancy TEENTeen births BIRTHS 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Teen pregnancy has declined across NYC; (per 1,000 females ages 15 to 19) Homes without maintenance defects 80 0 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights’ 60 24.6 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights 80 0teen birth rate20 is 24.6 per40 1,000 teen60 girls. 80 100 40 70 0 20 40 60 80 100 19.9 Brooklyn 60Homes without maintenance defects 20 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 0 20 40 60 80 100 NYC 4080 0 19.3 3070 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 2060 department visits Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.0* 1050 HomesPAGE 12 without maintenance defects PAGE 12 400 350 30 80Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 0*Interpret estimate20 with caution due40 to small number60 of events. 80 100 20 70department300 visits Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013-2015 10Cockroaches 60250 0 50350 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40200 300 30150 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity Cockroaches department visits 20250 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 11 10100 0200 50 350 150 0 300 0 20 40 60 80 100 Cockroaches100 250 50 200 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 150

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Preterm births

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0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury

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0 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11

Helpful Neighbors 0 20 40 60 80 100 Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Homes without maintenance defects Maternal and Child Health

80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 11% 60 50 ChildhoodPAGE obesity 12 CHILDHOODPAGE 12 OBESITY (percent of public school children in grades K through 8) 40 One out of fiveCrown Heights and Prospect Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 30 Heights children in grades K through 8 has obesity. 19% 19% 20% 5% 20 department visits Preterm births 10 This is similar to the citywide rate. 0 0 20 40 60350 80 100 Cockroaches 300 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 250 Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest: Homes with air conditioners200 andPedestrian Prospect Injury Financial District 150 Heights 100 Teen births 100 Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 80 50

60 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 40 Children’s hospitalizations and emergency department visits 20 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be prevented with timely access to quality outpatient care. The rate of avoidable pediatric hospitalizations among children ages 4 and younger in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights is 0 higher than the citywide rate. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes withoutMany maintenance childhood asthma emergency defects department visits could be prevented by reducing the presence of pests, mold, secondhand smoke and other asthma triggers, and by taking daily medication. The asthma emergency department visit 0 20 40 60 80 100 80 rate among children ages 5 to 17 in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights is higher than the citywide rate. The TCNY 2020 70 60 goal is to have fewer than 210 asthma emergency department visits per 10,000 children across the entire city. 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 PAGEAVOIDABLE 12 HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 15 CHILD ASTHMA EMERGENCY 30 AMONG CHILDREN Child AsthmaDEPARTMENT emergency VISITS Childhood Obesity department visits 20 Avoidable(per 100,000 children hospitalizations ages 4 and younger) HPV (per 10,000 children ages 5 to 17)Flu 10 among children 0 100 100 350 342 Crown Heights and 856 80 300 80 Cockroaches Prospect Heights 250 60 22360 502 Brooklyn 200 186

40 150 40 623 NYC 20 100 20 50 28 118 Lowest: Borough Park0 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Crown Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest: 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Financial PAGE 16 and Prospect 80 Heights District PAGE 13 HIV Sources: Avoidable Hospitalizations among Children: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, Self-Reported2014; Child Asthma Emergency Health Department Visits: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2015 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

0 20 40 60 80 100 12 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C

Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 PAGE 18 Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature Death

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20 Healthy Living 0 0

0 200 400 600 800 1000 PAGE 16 80 Self-reported health PAGEADULTS 13 REPORTING THEIR OWN HEALTHHIV AS "EXCELLENT," How residents feel about their own health Self-Reported"VERY GOOD" Health OR "GOOD" (percent of adults) can be a good measure of overall mental Crown Heights and Prospect Heights 84% Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. and physical health. Eighty-four percent of Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Brooklyn 77% residents rank their health as “excellent,” NYC 78% “very good” or “good,” higher than the rest Highest: Upper West Side 93% of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal for the city is 0 20 40 60 80 100 at least 82%. Less healthy More healthy Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 PAGE 14 Physical activity, diet and smoking PAGE 17 150 Seventy-four percent of Crown Heights and ProspectAvoidable Heights Hospitalizations adults report getting any HEP C physical activity in the past 30 days, similar to New Yorkers overall. The percentage of Federal guidelines Crown Heights and Prospect Heights adults who report eating at least one serving of recommend fruits or vegetables in the past day is similar to the citywide average of 87%. that adults get Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 150 minutes of Sugary drink consumption can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, moderate exercise cavities, weight gain and obesity. Industry marketing can affect behavior and sugary each week. People drinks are heavily marketed to youth and communities of color. While sugary drink who are physically consumption has decreased to 23% in NYC, the TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce sugary drink active are more consumption to less than 19% citywide. Twenty-one percent of Crown Heights and likely to live longer, Prospect Heights adults drink at least one sugary0 drink500 a day. 1000 1500 2000 healthier lives.0 PAGE 18 The adult smoking rate in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights is similar to the rest of Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality the borough and other parts of NYC. The City is committed to reducing the citywide adult smoking rate to 12% by 2020.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, DIET AND SMOKING (percent of adults) Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Brooklyn NYC Highest %

Any physical activity in the past 30 days 74% 72% 73% 90% Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho At least one serving of fruits or 84% 86% 87% 96% vegetables per day 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Financial District, 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Greenwich Village- Soho Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest % CD NYC One or more 12-ounce sugary drinks Binge21% Drinking (use24% graph to 23%right to mark points)8% Premature per day Financial District, Death Greenwich Village- Soho Current smokers 18% 14% 14% 8% Upper East Side Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 13 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15 PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu amongAvoidable children hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100 Health Care 100 100 80 80 80 80 60 60 60 60 Access to health care 40 40 Citywide, the percentage of uninsured New Yorkers decreased in the last five years Health insurance40 40 from 20% to 12%. In Crown Heights and Prospect Heights, 12% of adults are uninsured can make it easier20 20 20 20 and 14% report going without needed medical care in the past 12 months, similar to the to get affordable primary care, 0 0 rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to have less than 9% of New Yorkers going without 0 0 which can help needed medical care. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 New Yorkers PAGE 16 ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE (percent of adults) PAGE 13 manage chronicPAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV 80 Crown Heights and Self-Reported Health conditions and HIV Prospect Heights Brooklyn Self-ReportedNYC HealthLowest % stay healthy. Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Adults without 12% 12% 12% 3%* Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. health insurance Stuyvesant Town and Turtle Bay Adults without 14% 10% 10% 3%* needed medical care Bayside and 0 20 Little40 Neck 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 *Interpret estimate with caution due to small sample size. 0 Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 PAGE 14 0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 Avoidable hospitalizations AVOIDABLE HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 17150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 150 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be AvoidableAMONG ADULTS Hospitalizations (per 100,000 adults) HEP C prevented if adults had access to quality primary care. Crown Heights and The rate of avoidable hospitalizations among adults in 1,786 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Prospect Heights Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Crown Heights and Prospect Heights is higher than the 1,420 Brooklyn citywide rate. 1,033 NYC Lowest: Greenwich 426 Village and Soho

0 Source: New500 York State 1000Department of1500 Health, Statewide2000 0 0 Planning and500 Research Cooperative1000 System,1500 2014 2000 0 PAGE 18 PAGE 18 FallsFALL-RELATED HOSPITALIZATIONS AMONGPsychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality Fall-related hospitalizations Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality Crown Heights and Prospect Heights' rate of fall-related OLDER ADULTS (per 100,000 adults ages 65 and older) hospitalizations among adults ages 65 and older is lower Crown Heights and than the citywide average. The TCNY 2020 goal is fewer than 1,112 Prospect Heights 1,410 hospitalizations per 100,000 older adults citywide. 1,526 Brooklyn

1,604 NYC

667 Lowest: Queens Village

0 Source: New500 York State 1000Department of1500 Health, Statewide2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 Planning and500 Research Cooperative1000 System,1500 2012-20142000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. CD NYC For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY. CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) DeathPremature Death 14 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 Health Care

Influenza (flu) and pneumonia are the third leading causes of death in NYC. Everyone ages 6 months and older should get the flu vaccine every year.

Vaccinations The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine protects against cancers caused by HPV. The vaccine is recommended for all children between the ages of 11 and 12. Forty-eight percent of teens ages 13 to 17 in Crown Heights and Prospect Heights receive all recommended doses of the HPV vaccine. Two out of fiveCrown Heights and Prospect Heights adults report getting a flu vaccine in the past 12 months, similar to the rest of NYC.

PAGE 12PAGE 12 PAGE 15PAGEHPV 15 VACCINATION FLU VACCINATION (percent of teens ages 13 to 17 who received all (percent of adults) recommended doses of the vaccine) AvoidableAvoidable hospitalizations hospitalizations HPV HPV Flu Flu among childrenamong children 100 100 100 100 85% More More 80 80 healthy 80 80 healthy 59% 62% 60 60 60 60 48% 43% 44% 43% 40 40 40 40 38%

20 20 20 20 Less Less 0 0 healthy 0 0 healthy Crown Brooklyn NYC Highest: Crown Brooklyn NYC Highest: Heights and Hunts Point and Heights and Upper West Side 0 200 0400 200600 400800 6001000 800 1000 PAGE 16ProspectPAGE 16 Longwood Prospect Heights80 80 Heights PAGE 13PAGE 13 HIV HIV Self-ReportedSelf-Reported Health Health Sources: HPV Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Citywide Immunization Registry, 2017; Flu Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph to applies all CDs. to all CDs.

0 0 20 2040 4060 6080 80100 100

0 0 PAGE 14PAGE 14 PAGE 17PAGE 17 150 150 AvoidableAvoidable Hospitalizations Hospitalizations HEP C HEP C

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COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 15

0 5000 1000500 15001000 20001500 2000 0 0 PAGE 18PAGE 18 Falls Falls PsychiatricPsychiatric hospitalizations hospitalizations Infant MortalityInfant Mortality

0 5000 1000500 15001000 20001500 2000 0 200 4000 200600 400800 6001000 8001200 1000 1200 0 1 02 13 24 35 46 5 6

CD NYCCD NYC Binge DrinkingBinge Drinking (use graph (use to graph right toto markright points)to mark points) PrematurePremature Death Death

100 80 100 60 80 40 60 20 40 00 20 20 00 40 20 60 40 80 60 100 80 100 Health Outcomes

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension Crown Heights and Prospect Heights' adult obesity rate is 26%, which is similar to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce the obesity rate to less than 23% citywide. More than 700,000 adult New Yorkers have been told they have diabetes. An additional 164,000 are estimated to have diabetes but not be aware. Thirteen percent of Crown Heights and Prospect Heights adults have been diagnosed with diabetes and 33% of adults have been told they have hypertension. Rates for both are similar to the rest of NYC.

OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION (percent of adults) Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Brooklyn NYC Lowest % Obesity can lead Obesity 26% 27% 24% 4% to diabetes, high Financial District, blood pressure Greenwich and other health Village- Soho conditions. Diabetes 13% 12% 11% 3% Financial District, Hypertension, Greenwich also known as high Village- Soho blood pressure, is a Hypertension 33% 29% 28% 15% leading risk factor Financial District, for heart disease Greenwich and stroke. Village- Soho

Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016

New HIV diagnoses Getting an HIV test is the first step to accessing treatment if you are positive or developing an HIV prevention strategy if you are negative.

NEW HIV DIAGNOSES (per 100,000 people) 80

44.3

24.0 NYC 22.1 Brooklyn

0 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Source: NYC DOHMH, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Registry, 2016

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

16 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

0 200 400 600 800 1000 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 20 40 60 80 100

0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C

PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children Health Outcomes 100 100 80 80

60 60 New hepatitis C reports 0 500 1000 1500 402000 40 Hepatitis C is a virus that damages the liver. New Yorkers born between 1945 and 1965 and people0 who have ever injected drugs should be tested because hepatitis C can be cured. 20 20 PAGE 18

NEW HEPATITISFalls C REPORTS (per 100,000 people) 0 Psychiatric hospitalizations0 Infant Mortality 150 0 200 400 600 800 1000 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health 91.6 71.8 Edit in Indesign.NYC Graph applies to all CDs. 67.9 Brooklyn

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights Source: NYC DOHMH, Communicable Disease Surveillance Registry, 2016 0 PAGE 14 CD NYC PAGE 17 Binge drinkingBinge Drinking (use graph to right to150 mark points) Premature HEP C BingeAvoidable drinking is linkedHospitalizations to high-risk behaviors and chronic health problems. The binge drinking rate in Crown Heights and Death Prospect Heights is similar to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce binge drinking to less than 17% citywide. Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. BINGE DRINKING (percent of adults) 9% 15% 17% 20%

Lowest: Brooklyn NYC Crown Heights and Bensonhurst Prospect Heights Note: Binge drinking is defined as five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women on one occasion during the past 30 days. Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 Psychiatric hospitalizations PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 18 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 The rateFalls of adult psychiatric hospitalization in Crown Heights Psychiatric(per 100,000 adults) hospitalizations Infant Mortality and Prospect Heights is higher than the citywide rate. Crown Heights and 1,149 Prospect Heights High psychiatric hospitalization rates likely reflect the challenges residents in 684 Brooklyn underresourced neighborhoods face, including 676 NYC difficulty accessing preventive services and early care, greater exposure to stressors and 223 Lowest: Woodside and Sunnyside interruptions in health insurance coverage. Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Cooperative System, 2015 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 17

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

0 200 400 600 800 1000 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 60 60 0 PAGE 14 40 40 PAGE 17 150 Avoidable Hospitalizations 20 HEP C 20 0 0 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health EditHealth in Indesign. Outcomes Graph applies to all CDs. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 PAGE 18

0 20 Falls 40 60 80 100 InfantPsychiatric mortality hospitalizations Infant Mortality INFANT MORTALITY (per 1,000 live births) NYC’s infant mortality rate has declined in recent years. In 0 Crown Heights and Prospect Heights the infant mortality Crown Heights and PAGE 14 5.4 Prospect Heights rate is higher than the citywide rate. The TCNY 2020 goal PAGE 17 150 is a citywide rate of less than 4.4 per 1,000 live births. 3.6 Brooklyn Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 4.4 NYC

Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 0.8* Lowest: Upper East Side

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0*Interpret1 estimate2 with3 caution4 due to5 small number6 of events. Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013-2015 CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points)Premature death Premature Cancer and heart disease are the leading causes of premature death (death before the age of 65) in Crown Heights and 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Death 0 Prospect Heights, similar to the rest of NYC. However, Crown Heights and Prospect Heights residents die prematurely at a higher rate. Lung cancer, breast cancer (amongPAGE 18women) and colorectal cancer are the three leading causes of Falls Psychiatric hospitalizationscancer-related premature death in Crown HeightsInfant and Mortality Prospect Heights.

NYC’s premature mortality rate (death before age 65) decreased 19% from 2006 to 2015. However, longstanding disparities persist. People living in high-poverty neighborhoods and Black New Yorkers are dying before age 65 at higher rates.

TOP CAUSES OF PREMATURE DEATH 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 rate of death before age 65 per 100,000 people (number of deaths) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Crown0 Heights1 2 and3 4 5 6 Rank Prospect Heights NYC Rank Overall rate 234.0CD 169.5NYC 60.4 46.2 Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature1 1 Cancer Death (266) 51.8 32.9 Heart disease 2 (228) 2 11.5 5.9 HIV 3 (52) 6 10.4 9.4 Drug-related 4 (47) 3 9.3 4.9 Homicide 5 (41) 8

Note: NYC rate includes premature deaths among100 NYC residents80 only60 and will differ40 from 20 other published00 sources.20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2015

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

18 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS Notes

Neighborhood Definitions The 59 Community Districts (CDs) were established citywide by local law in 1975. For a complete listing of all CDs and their boundaries, visit communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. The CDs correspond to NYC Community Boards, which are local representative bodies. The names of neighborhoods within CDs are not officially designated. The names used in this document are not an exhaustive list of all known neighborhood names within this area.

Analyses For most data, 95% confidence intervals were calculated for CD, For a complete dataset borough and NYC estimates. If the confidence intervals did not overlap, including numbers, rates and a significant difference was inferred. This is a conservative measure of confidence intervals, as well statistical difference. For most population-level data, if a CD rate was as more technical notes on within 5% of the NYC estimate, the CD was considered similar to NYC, neighborhood definitions, otherwise the CD rate was considered higher or lower than the NYC analyses and data sources estimate. For Community Health Survey data, a t-test comparing the CD with complete citations, visit with the rest of NYC and the rest of the borough was conducted where nyc.gov/health and search for p-values ≤0.05 were considered an indication of statistical significance. Community Health Profiles or Report text highlights significant findings but does not include all visit on.nyc.gov/chp. significant results. Thepublic use dataset contains additional data.

Most estimates were evaluated for statistical stability. Estimates with a relative standard error (RSE) > 30% or with a small sample size or small numbers of events (≤ 10) are flagged as follows: “Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events or small sample size.”

Acknowledgements Thank you to all the individuals who contributed to these reports: Loren Adams, Nellie Afshar, Tracy Agerton, Tejumadé Ajaiyeoba, Amaka Anekwe, Sonia Angell, Andrea Archer, Hannah Arnett, George Askew, Zinzi Bailey, María Baquero, Katherine Bartley, Gary Belkin, Oni Blackstock, Angelica Bocour, Sarah Braunstein, Shadi Chamany, Kuen (Iris) Cheng, Aldo Crossa, Gretchen Culp, Kisha Cummings, Sophia Day, Danielle De Souza, Regan Deming, MaryAnn Dogo-Isonagie, Christine Dominianni, Carlos Espada, Stephanie Evergreen, Shannon Farley, Stephanie Farquhar, Pauline Ferrante, Alison Frazzini, Lawrence Fung, Patrick Germain, Sasha Gibbel, Olivia Giordano, Sharon Greene, Sophia Greer, Danielle Gurr, Samson Hadush Mesfin, Myla Harrison, Fangtao He, Charisma Hooda, Seth Hostetter, Mary Huynh, Stephen Immerwahr, John Jasek, Jillian Jessup, Sarah Johnson, Kim Kessler, Kevin Konty, Hillary Kunins, Kathryn Lane, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Michael Larkin, Rachael Lazar, Carl Letamendi, Wenhui Li, Sungwoo Lim, Constance Lopez, Joseph Lormel, David Lucero, Nneka Lundy De La Cruz, Chantol Manning, Karen Aletha Maybank, Alejandra McDonough, Wendy Mckelvey, Katharine McVeigh, Aaron Mettey, Chris Miller, Caroline Mills, Tanicha Miranda, Brent Morita, Julia Morrill, Christina Norman, Carolyn Olson, Emiko Otsubo, Denise Paone, Vassiliki Papadouka, Sneha Patel, Sarah Perl, Parppim Pimmaratana, Roger Platt, Angeline Protacio, Lisa Ramadhar, Kathleen Reilly, Susan Resnick, Sojourner Rivers, Rebekkah Robbins, Subir Saha, Hannah Searing, Amber Levanon Seligson, Sophie Sharps, Tejinder Singh, Ariel Spira-Cohen, Catherine Stayton, Ying Sun, Cassiopeia Toner, Kadiatou Traore, Maryellen Tria, Tsu-Yu Tsao, Ellenie Tuazon, Rugile Tuskeviciute, Mary-Elizabeth Vachon, Gretchen Van Wye, Ashwin Vasan, Aishwarya Viswanath, Sarah Walters, Amy Wang, Jeannette Williams, Ricky Wong, Yihong Zhao, Jane Zucker and Kimberly Zweig.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: CROWN HEIGHTS AND PROSPECT HEIGHTS 19 Life Expectancy by Community District

Crown Heights and Prospect Heights’ average life expectancy is 1.9 years shorter than NYC overall.

75.1-79.6 years

79.7-81.4 years

81.5-83.8 years

83.9-85.9 years

Unpopulated areas

79.3 Life Expectancy

Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2006-2015

Want more maps? Please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles Atlas.

Contact information: For reports on the other 58 Community Districts, please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles or email [email protected]. Copyright©2018 The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The NYC Community Health Profiles feature information about 59 neighborhoods in NYC.

Suggested citation: Hinterland K, Naidoo M, King L, Lewin V, Myerson G, Noumbissi B, Woodward M, Gould LH, Gwynn RC, Barbot O, Bassett MT. Community Health Profiles 2018, Brooklyn Community District 8: Crown Heights and Prospect Heights; 2018; 32(59):1-20.