Westminster Abbey

ASERVICE TO COMMEMORATE THE CENTENARY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Tuesday 11th November 2014 10.30 am 2 Members of the congregation are kindly requested to refrain from using private cameras, video, or sound recording equipment. Please ensure that mobile phones, pagers, and other electronic devices are switched off.

The church is served by a hearing loop. Users should turn their hearing aid to the setting marked T.

The service is conducted by The Very Reverend Dr John Hall, Dean of Westminster.

The service is sung by the Special Service of Westminster Abbey, conducted by James O’Donnell, Organist and Master of the Choristers.

The organ is played by Daniel Cook, Sub-Organist.

Music before the service:

Martin Ford, Assistant Organist, plays:

Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir BWV 686 Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750)

Psalm Prelude Set 2 no 1 Herbert Howells (1892–1983) Out of the deep have I called unto thee, O Lord

Sospiri Op 70 (1914) (1857–1934) arranged by Martin Ford (b 1986)

Solemn Prelude—In memoriam Edward Elgar from For the Fallen Op 80 no 3 arranged by Harvey Grace (1874–1944)

Hymns covered by Christian Copyright Licensing (Europe) Ltd are reproduced under CCL no 1040271.

3 The Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the , the Leader of the House of Commons, the Gentleman Usher of the , and the Usher of the Black Rod, are received at the Great West Door by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, and are conducted to their places. All remain seated.

The , accompanied by the , is received at the Great West Door by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, and is conducted to her place. All remain seated.

The Speaker of the House of Commons is received at the Great West Door by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, and is conducted to his place. All remain seated.

The Lord Mayor of Westminster is received at the Great West Door by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, and is conducted to her place. All stand, and then sit.

4 ORDEROFSERVICE

All stand to sing

THE HYMN

during which the Clergy and Choir move to places near the Nave Altar

UDGE eternal, throned in splendour, Lord of lords and King of kings, Jwith thy living fire of judgement purge this realm of bitter things: solace all its wide dominion with the healing of thy wings.

Still the weary folk are pining for the hour that brings release: and the city’s crowded clangour cries aloud for sin to cease; and the homesteads and the woodlands plead in silence for their peace.

Crown, O God, thine own endeavour; cleave our darkness with thy sword; feed the faithless and the hungry with the richness of thy word: cleanse the body of this nation through the glory of the Lord.

Rhuddlan 490 NEH Henry Holland (1847–1918) from Edward Jones’ Musical Relicks of Welsh Bards 1800

5 All remain standing. The Dean gives

THE BIDDING

E gather today as those to whom much has been given, and from whom much is expected. As we give thanks for the great gift of Wpublic service, we remember before God those who have died in service to their country in the two world wars and the many conflicts of the past century. With thanksgiving we recall service offered and sacrifices made. We come with penitence for the destruction that war brings to individuals, families, and nations. We pray for all those, both civilian and military, who have died or continue to suffer the effects of combat. We thank God for the hard-won freedom from strife that we enjoy in this land. We pray God for a time when such sacrifice may never again be required. But we humbly ask that men and women might always be found who count their lives worthy above all because they serve the greater cause of justice and concord. Trusting in God’s grace, we dedicate ourselves anew this day to creating a world in which healing, peace, and virtue flourish.

All sit. The Right Honourable MP, Speaker of the House of Commons, reads from the Lectern

MICAH 4: 1–3

N days to come the mountain of the Lord’s house shall be established as the highest of the mountains, and shall be raised up above the hills. IPeoples shall stream to it, and many nations shall come and say: ‘Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths.’ For out of Zion shall go forth instruction, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. He shall judge between many peoples, and shall arbitrate between strong nations far away; they shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning-hooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.

6 All stand to sing

THE HYMN

LOVE divine, how sweet thou art! When shall I find my longing heart Oall taken up by thee? I thirst, I faint and die to prove the greatness of redeeming love, the love of Christ to me.

Stronger his love than death or hell; its riches are unsearchable: the first-born sons of light desire in vain its depths to see; they cannot reach the mystery, the length and breadth and height.

For ever would I take my seat with Mary at the Master’s feet: be this my happy choice; my only care, delight, and bliss, my joy, my heaven on earth, be this, to hear the Bridegroom’s voice.

Cornwall 424 NEH Charles Wesley (1707–88) Samuel Sebastian Wesley (1810–76)

All sit. The Right Honourable The Baroness D’Souza CMG, Lord Speaker, reads

REVELATION 21: 1–6

JOHN saw a new heaven and a new earth: for the first heaven and the first earth were passed away; and there was no more sea. And I saw the holyI city, new Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a great voice out of

7 heaven saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them, and be their God. And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away. And he that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make all things new. And he said unto me, Write: for these words are true and faithful. And he said unto me, It is done. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely.

THE ADDRESS by The Dean

All remain seated. The Choir sings

THE ANTHEM

ANY waters cannot quench love, neither can the floods drown it. Love is strong as death. Greater love hath no man than this: that a manM lay down his life for his friends. Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness. Ye are washed, ye are sanctified, ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus. Ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light. I beseech you, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies, a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.

John Ireland (1879–1962) Song of Solomon 8: 7, 6; St John 15: 13; 1 St Peter 2: 24; 1 Corinthians 6: 11; 1 St Peter 2: 9; Romans 12: 1

All kneel or remain seated. The Reverend Christopher Stoltz, Minor Canon and Sacrist, leads

THE INTERCESSIONS

At the end of each petition there is said:

Lord, in thy mercy, hear our prayer.

8 All stand to sing

THE HYMN

during which the Procession, together with The Speaker and The Lord Speaker, moves to places near the Grave of the Unknown Warrior

GOD, our help in ages past, our hope for years to come, ourO shelter from the stormy blast, and our eternal home;

under the shadow of thy throne thy saints have dwelt secure; sufficient is thine arm alone, and our defence is sure.

Before the hills in order stood, or earth received her frame, from everlasting thou art God, to endless years the same.

A thousand ages in thy sight are like an evening gone, short as the watch that ends the night before the rising sun.

Time, like an ever-rolling stream, bears all its sons away; they fly forgotten, as a dream dies at the opening day.

O God, our help in ages past, our hope for years to come, be thou our guard while troubles last, and our eternal home.

St Anne 417 NEH Isaac Watts (1674–1748) probably by William Croft (1678–1727) Organist of Westminster Abbey 1708–27

9 All remain standing. The Venerable Andrew Tremlett, Sub-Dean and Rector of St Margaret’s, says:

Let us pray.

LORD our God, whose Name only is excellent and thy praise above heaven and earth: we remember in thy presence those who laid down Otheir lives in war. May they find fulfilment in thy eternal kingdom; and grant that we may dedicate our lives to the causes of justice and freedom for which they died; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

All remain standing. The Choir sings

THE ANTHEM

USTORUM animae in manu Dei sunt, et non tanget illos tormentum Jmortis. Visi sunt oculis insipientium mori: illi autem sunt in pace. The souls of the righteous are in the hand of God, and there shall no torment touch them. In the sight of the unwise they seemed to die: but they are in peace.

Charles Villiers Stanford (1852–1924) Wisdom 3: 1–3

At 11.00 am there is kept

THE TWO MINUTES’ SILENCE

The Choir sings

FOR THE FALLEN

They shall grow not old as we that are left grow old: Age shall not weary them nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun, and in the morning, We will remember them.

Douglas Guest (1916–96) Laurence Binyon (1869–1943) Organist of Westminster Abbey 1963–81

10 All remain standing for

THE LAST POST

REVEILLE

The Reverend Prebendary Rose Hudson-Wilkin, Chaplain to The Speaker of the House of Commons, says:

Let us pray.

GOD, who art peace everlasting, whose chosen reward is the gift of peace, and who hast taught us that the peacemakers are thy children: pourO thy peace into our hearts, that everything discordant may utterly vanish, and all that makes for peace be loved and sought by us always; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

Wreaths are laid by The Speaker of the House of Commons and by The Lord Speaker.

All sit. Steven Isserlis CBE plays on the ‘trench’ cello:

Sarabande Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) from Cello Suite V BWV 1011

All stand. The Dean says:

As we look for the coming of the kingdom in its fullness, Lord teach us to pray:

UR Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come; thy will be done; on earth as it is in heaven. Give usO this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen.

11 All sing

THE HYMN

ERUSALEM the golden, with milk and honey blest; Jbeneath thy contemplation sink heart and voice opprest. I know not, O I know not what joys await us there, what radiancy of glory, what bliss beyond compare.

They stand, those halls of Zion, all jubilant with song, and bright with many an angel, and all the martyr-throng; the Prince is ever in them, the daylight is serene, the pastures of the blessèd are decked in glorious sheen.

There is the throne of David, and there, from care released, the shout of them that triumph, the song of them that feast; And they who, with their Leader, have conquered in the fight, for ever and for ever are clad in robes of white.

12 O sweet and blessèd country, the home of God’s elect! O sweet and blessèd country, that eager hearts expect! Jesu, in mercy bring us to that dear land of rest; who art, with God the Father, and Spirit, ever blest.

Ewing 381 NEH Bernard of Cluny (1090–1153) Alexander Ewing (1830–95) translated by John Mason Neale (1818–66)

All remain standing. The Dean pronounces THE BLESSING

God grant to the living, grace; to the departed, rest; to the Church, The Queen, the Commonwealth, and all people, peace and concord; and to us sinners, life everlasting; and the blessing of God almighty, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, be upon you and remain with you always. Amen.

All sing THE NATIONAL ANTHEM OD save our gracious Queen, long live our noble Queen, GGod save The Queen. Send her victorious, happy and glorious, long to reign over us: God save The Queen.

All remain standing as the Processions depart.

Music the service: Nimrod from Op 36 Edward Elgar

Members of the congregation are requested to remain in their places until invited to move by the Stewards.

A retiring collection will be taken for The Royal British Legion Poppy Day Appeal.

13 THE ‘TRENCH’ CELLO

The ‘trench’ cello was made by W E Hill & Sons in around 1900 as a ‘holiday’ cello—a portable instrument designed for taking on travels. It cleverly packs away into the box-like body. To assemble, the neck is secured to the front with a mortise joint, the fingerboard slides into place on the neck, and the tailpiece, bridge and strings are added. An expert can assemble it in five minutes.

The cello has a completely flat front and back, lacking the usual contoured arching. There are no soundholes, as these would create too much pressure on a flat surface and could cause distortion, but soundholes have been painted on to maintain visual harmony. The bow also has a cunning feature: blowing through the end (frog button) sounds an ‘A’, allowing the instrument to be tuned ‘on the road’.

The instrument became a ‘trench’ cello with Harold Triggs, a cello-playing insurance clerk who was born in Eastbourne. He was a member of the Oxford and Cambridge Musical Club and a fine player. Early in the war, he joined the Royal Sussex Regiment, and in October 1915 he was promoted to the rank of Temporary Second Lieutenant.

Triggs’s cello accompanied him to France. He painted his regimental insignia on the front, as if personifying it as a member of the company. Inside the cello is a pasted paper command from May 1917, asking Triggs to perform at the Corps Headquarters. Music in such an unforgiving terrain clearly had many roles—entertainment, distraction, friendship, and perhaps even salvation.

In 1918, Triggs was posted to Peronne, in the Somme region. At dawn on 21st September the 16th Battalion led an ill-fated attack on the German trenches. They sustained heavy losses from the start, and Triggs had to take charge of C Company when his captain was wounded. He took a brave decision, as detailed in his statement to the War Office: ‘It seemed to me a useless sacrifice of life to remain where we were...to be killed by our own shells and I took responsibility for deciding...to give ourselves up after destroying all maps etc.’ Triggs and a few survivors were taken prisoner, and as a consequence he was separated from his cello.

Harold Triggs survived the War. He returned to Britain and to his music— in 1919, he purchased a fine, full-size French cello from Arthur Beare for £75. Yet this is not the end of the story for Triggs or his ‘trench’ cello, who were reunited by chance after the Second World War.

14 Inside the back of the cello is an inscription, penned by none other than the famous war poet Edmund Blunden: ‘Having seen our old friend Harold Triggs carrying this notable instrument in the Ypres region, 1917, I have the pleasure of seeing him and it happily together still, 1962.’ Blunden served in a different battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment, but in the early part of 1917 the two battalions fought close to each other near the Belgian border and they were clearly acquainted.

The ‘trench’ cello will be on display at the Royal Academy of Music until March 2015.

15 Printed by Barnard & Westwood Ltd 23 Pakenham Street, London WC1X 0LB By Appointment to HM The Queen, Printers and Bookbinders & HRH The Prince of Wales, Printers Printers to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster