7890 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS IT'S TIME TO ADMIT WE WERE face up to some hard facts and completely perity back to American farmers. It had not WRONG abandon some highly cherished and long worked . we had a constant held beliefs: <1> That a 'free agricultural boom and bust farm economy and, begin­ market' works better than a controlled one. ning in 1921, a serious farm depression that False, <2> That we must get the government contributed heavily to dragging the entire HON. ED JONES out of agriculture. False <3> That 'market nation into the most serious depression in OF TENNESSEE oriented' philosophies must be pushed and history beginning in 1929. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that they will make things better for the For 40 years, we repeat because it is of Tuesday, April 27, 1982 farmers and for all who depend upon their enormous importance, we had 40 years of success for their own. False. <4> We're feed­ high and strong federal government farm • Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. ing a hungry world. False. The vast over­ support programs from 1933 to 1973. In 1973 Speaker, I rise today to share with my whelming proportion of what we sell over­ we made a serious wrong tum. We passed a colleagues an editorial entitled "It's seas isn't going to the hungry, it's going to new farm law that forced the farmer to Time to Admit We Were Wrong" writ­ Japan, China, Russia, the Common Market depend primarily upon the free market for ten by Mr. William McNamee, publish­ nations and others with the money to pay, his profit and it was based primarily upon not the starving millions in the barrios out­ the assumption that the export market er of the Delta Farm Press of Clarks­ side of Mexico City and Caracas and Africa would provide us with some sort of OPEC dale, Miss. I request that this editorial and southeast Asia. If our nation wants to cartel on food that would allow us to dictate be printed in the RECORD but also I feed a hungry world or help on the balance prices for our farm produce, solve what few want to briefly address some of the de­ of payments or if it wants to punish Russia, problems were inherent in farming under a tails in it. let the nation as a whole as represented by government program, and allow us to grow Mr. McNamee uses his editorial the federal government share in the cost fence row to fence row on all crops as we space in the April 23 edition of the equally. Why should 800,000 farmers who saw fit. Utopia. In 1974 and 1975 our long Press to take back an editorial of 4 produce 98 percent of America's crops bear time friends and buddies the Russians the burden alone and go broke in the proc­ bought every bushel of grain we had, our years ago in which he supported the ess dragging at least 35 million other people, cotton crops were disasters and farm prices theme that the free market was the and probably the whole nation, behind shot up. It works! It works! The millennium only way to obtain prosperity for them? is here! For two years on sheer coincidences. American farmers. In his most recent The foregoing are just a few of the cur­ Since then it has been steadily down hill. editorial, he explains why he feels rently held ideas that must be abandoned. Oh sure, some people have made some that his earlier comments have been These ideas are not just held by Congress or money some years. All you have to do is proven to be wrong. by the present Administration or by the make a good crop during a year when every­ previous Administration, my friends, they body else makes a bad one. All our farmers I want to again express my own ob­ are held by many, many of YOU. They are servation of the bleak picture now know that if you're smart you know how to held by the large majority of our farm orga­ do that.... facing American agriculture. I think nizations. They are held by our "thinkers" But leaving the sarcasm of the last two Mr. McNamee's astute perception of and by our economists. Please read the fol­ sentences behind, it has now been 9 years. the situation provides important and lowing sentence carefully: We have re-passed · essentially the same meaningful recommendations pertain­ Nothing is going to get better for the farm law twice more since 1973, in 1977 and ing to a Federal agricultural policy American farmer on a permanent or de­ lately in 1981. Nine years of a disastrous test that improves both short- and long­ pendable basis until he abandons the free has surely proven to the majority of U.S. market concept and goes back to a suffi­ farmers that the free market concept term outlooks for American agricul­ ciently high federal government support ture. By having this editorial reprint­ simply doesn't work. program that will make it possible for him The nation's agriculture is hovering on ed in the RECORD, I hope it provides to be assured of a profit if he makes a good food for thought for my colleagues crop. the brink of total collapse, agribusiness will This probably will mean acreage controls go down with it, small towns, small business­ from farm areas and those from urban es, dealers, distributors, 35 million people di­ areas. It is instructive, timely, and on major crops and it will mean a greatly re­ rectly or indirectly drawing their livelihood needed. As we in the Congress grapple duced emphasis on the export market. Who cares about exports if the individual farmer from it will go with it, and perhaps, as in with economic problems, it is impor­ cannot make a profit on them? I'll tell you 1929, the whole nation. At the very least a tant that we address the serious eco­ who cares. . . . That tiny minority of people prosperous U.S. agriculture and agribusiness nomic depression in which most farm­ who have already gotten rich beyond their would provide an increased tax base that ers find themselves. wildest dreams buying commodities from would help with the hemorrhaging budget The article follows: American farmers and selling them overseas defict. A strong, federal supported farm pro­ at a profit. It is not a high priority to these gram would probably pay rather than cost [From the Delta Farm Press, Apr. 23, 19821 and in several ways. IT'S TIME To ADMIT WE WERE WRONG middlemen that the American farmer makes a profit. It is of top priority, naturally, that Fully agreed, now and at the time, the they make a profit. Carter embargo was a stupid and devastat­ On page one of our issues that were dis­ Labor unions have considerable control ing mistake. So was the one applied by Ford, tributed the first of January 1978 we ran a over what they receive for the fruits of the one applied by Nixon and the one rather lengthy editorial entitled "Free their work through the power of collective threatened by Reagan that hangs over the Market, Love It Or Leave It." We will quote bargaining. Industry has considerable con­ market like a sword. But all of that and the only two paragraphs of that editorial which trol over what it receives for the fruits of its crop in Brazil and the crop in Argentina and ran to some 800 words. They are: "They labors through behind the scenes price the crop in Canada and the crop in Austra­ cannot do it. They fixing agreements, the ability to shut down lia and the crop in China and the manipula­ cannot buy inputs on a fixed or steadily its factories, and the ability thereby to tre­ tions of middlemen and the emergence of rising market and sell their crops on a con­ mendously reduce its cost of production. many, many strong agricultural economies tinuously fluctuating and totally undepend­ Only the farmer, we repeat, only the yet to come, and even the increase in our able world market. We need wait no longer, farmer, has no choice, and no control. own production expertise make the depend­ the handwriting is on the wall." He must continue to produce, he must pay ence of our farmers on the free market a The second paragraph, which we quote: the prices demanded for his inputs, and he bad joke. "If this only serves to pigue your interest, if then must sell for what the free and con­ We will cover now the main arguments for it flies in the face of a great deal that you stantly fluctuating market will let him have. sticking with ·the highly touted "market ori­ believe to the contrary, we will only That we should have to learn this lesson ented approach" which many do against the say.... 'Cut this editorial out and save it. all over again after having learned it in the day "when our ship will come in and we will It may look better and better.'" End quotes. hardest possible way in the Great Depres­ reach at last the pot of gold at the end of We will try again. No problem worthy of sion is mind boggling. We had nothing else the rainbow." the na.me has an obvious and easy solution. but a "free market" until legislation was <1> That we don't really have a free If American agriculture is to survive it must passed in 1933 to bring stability and pros- market anyway, that the government keeps

e This .. bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7891 poking its nose into the situation via embar­ gram screwed up it was up to the farmers, present farm program which is based almost goes so that we never really get to find out their farm organizations, Congress and the entirely for its success on an ever increasing if it will work. administration to stop him. They didn't. volume of exports. This program would be Answer: They are not going to stop doing After that we began to move into direct pay­ removed and replaced with the one dis­ this. A grain embargo is about the only way, ments, then limitations on payments, great cussed under which exports would be of no short of nuclear war, that we have any hope predictable public outcry and, finally, the importance. The present program sounds of hurting the Russians and accomplishing move in 1973 into the "free market." If you like a good idea, but it isn't working and will certain other international goals and you want to know how we got into this mess never work dependably. can just count on government interference that is how. (5) That a program of this nature would with the international farm market. And We are not married to a 90 percent of drive up prices at grocery and other con­ beyond this during the nine years of free parity CCC loan concept. It does seem to us sumer levels causing great howls of public market farm programs there have been very that, properly managed, this is a good and discontent. Answer: Consumer outlets, in­ long stretches of time when we had no em­ proven approach which would allow us to cluding the big, monopolistic grocery bargoes, but other factors affected the decide how much of each crop we needed chains, are going to go up on their prices as world market price. Of course other coun­ for both domestic and export markets and much as the traffic will bear anyway. All tries are going to compete with us for for­ set allotments, yes allotments, to fine tune polls show that consumers do not blame eign agricultural markets and when they do the amount we want to produce. If the gov­ farmers for high grocery prices and do it's going to lower the price our farmers are ernment wants to go after the lion's share indeed understand what a small portion of able to receive. Anytime there is substantial of the world export market fine, increase prices for farm products go to farmers money to be made we are naive to believe the allotments, and our farmers will be glad anyhow. Grocery prices go down very, very that we are the only ones smart enough to to grow the extra crops. Just as long as they little when farm prices go down and contin­ see the opportunity and go for it. The inter­ have the security of being able to sell them ue to go up generally no matter what farm national export market, even the "free" do­ at a high, supported, profitable rate. We prices do. This is just a slick argument used mestic market for agricultural products is might not be able to grow quite as much of by free market advocates to cover their real volatile and undependable and no other certain crops but at least we'd make a profit motives. And, besides that, how many prices major country in the world insists that its on what we did grow if we made a good crop. have you been able to drive down lately by individual farmers try to handle it alone We have got to get our farmers back on a complaining? without government help. So to those of sound financial basis. It is imperative. Congress, and any elected administration, you who say "we don't really have a free Under this approach we would put our is not the place to go for relief. Unless YOU market" we can only say ... "Do you want crops in the CCC loan if the price at harvest and your friends can take over your general to take another 9 years to prove to your­ time was too low to provide a profit, and at farm organizations and your commodity or­ selves that we're wrong about that, too?" a low interest rate of 6 percent or less and ganizations from your more aggressive peers (2) That to return to a high government leave them there until the price went up. If and get them on record, vehemently, as 100 support program is a step backward. the price went up we'd take them out and percent for a high level federal government Answer: Hogwash. Of course you can go sell them at a profit. If the price for com­ support program you'll never get. Political back. What do you do when you drive 100 modities still did not go up, after, say, 12 to guts are at an all-time low. With the PACs miles in the wrong direction in your auto­ 18 months off the market, we'd let the gov­ and a whole melange of other factors mobile because you took a wrong turn 100 ernment have the collateral crops to sell for squeezing tJ;le life out of politicians they are miles back? You curse a lot, but you retrace what it could get overseas in order to cut its only going to help you when the battle has your path, take the opposite turn and try to losses, feed the hungry world, punish the already been won. Your farm organizations, put the mistake out of your mind. Have you Russians, do whatever it felt best for the probably in good faith, probably in the sin­ ever done that? general welfare, as American farmers would cere belief that they're doing the right (3) That there might not be a place in a be adequately protected. During the many thing, are killing you. There are a few ex­ high government support program for quite years that we used this, approach the gov­ ceptions, of course. a few businessmen, commodity brokers, ernment actually made money on the deal You can argue with the foregoing until shippers, commodity exchanges, interna­ much of the time. They still do on the to­ you are blue in the face. But you've got to tional grain companies and others. bacco program. argue with the full knowledge that we had Answer: It's time to start throwing people As we said earlier we are not married to a 40 years of stable agricultural marketing out of the lifeboat. American agriculture 90 percent of parity program. If some conditions from 1933 to 1973 and then 9 starts and ends with farmers. That's spelled bright, young sport has a better idea that years of roller coaster, who's going broke f-a-r-m-e-r-s. Everybody else has just got to will work and provide American farmers next, from 1973 to 1982. If you disagree with find themselves a place. If American agri­ with a stable, adequately high, government what we've said here, and plenty will, you've culture goes down everybody connected backed market for their commodities, our got to crawl over that hump first. with it goes down too. The situation that minds are open. But no dependably success­ Many, many items including deficiency exists now in American agriculture is ful program will hinge on the free market payments, heavy dependence on the Fm.HA, deadly, perhaps, fatally, serious. Priorities or on the export market. and others could be eliminated and simplici­ must be established. If you don't want to go You see what we've done here is give our­ ty would become the order of the day. bankrupt or have to stop farming when you selves two vast imponderables instead of Things are bad and are getting worse year don't want to have to stop farming you may one. One we're probably going to have by year. very well have to decide whom you like the always. That is the weather and other acts It doesn't have to be this way.e best . . . yourself and your family of some of God. We've always had that, but now we farm commodity trading sharpie. have added another, the fluctuating market. This may sound tough, but we're tired of So that now even if we are lucky enough OVERLEA HIGH SCHOOL TO farmers telling us and each other that there and skillful enough to produce a good crop VISIT OUR NATION'S CAPITAL just doesn't seem to be any way out. There the bottom can fall out of the market and is a way out, there probably are several we still lose money. This happened most re­ ways out, but they all call for strong federal cently in 1981. HON. CLARENCE D. LONG government coordinated farm programs. The added imponderable is placing so During the 40 years of relative stability the much additional weight on farmers that we OF MARYLAND American farmer had between 1933 and now read that certain companies are hold­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1973 the 90 percent of parity loan program ing clinics to help farmers cope mentally Tuesday, April 27, 1982 seemed to work the best for the longest. and physically with the added stress. And There were other variations, of course. everybody these days knows what heavy • Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speak­ It was not an expensive program and it added stress does to the human body. It er, on Wednesday, April 28, 1982, 46 worked very well until Ezra Taft Benson, causes high blood pressure, stroke, heart at­ young men and women from Overlea secretary of agriculture under Eisenhower, tacks and a variety of other physical ail­ Senior High School, in Baltimore, Md., sabotaged it in about six different ways in­ ments. Is "getting the government out of ag­ will journey to Washington for a first­ cluding a refusal to sell our surplus farm riculture" worth that much to you, and hand look at their Nation's Capital. commodities overseas causing huge accumu­ your family, my friend? lations which were widely reported as "over­ (4) That we must export. That without ex­ These students, accompanied by hanging" and "depressing" the market. But ports farm prices would be even lower than their business law teacher James R. this wasn't actually causing the farmer any they are. This second sentence is very true, Heckman, will visit the Supreme great grief. He had his loan program and if without exports prices would be lower still. Court, the House of Representatives, Benson wanted the government farm pro- But that is assuming the existence of the and the Senate.

89-059 0-85-32 (Pt. 6) 7892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 I am delighted these students have honor General Francis Marion, our beloved you can detect the pride I share with taken the opportunity to visit with us, forefather, for whom this City was named their parents, schoolmates, and the and I hope their interest in our Na­ in 1830. communities of my district in paying The City of Marion has long been identi­ tribute to this fine group of athletes. tion's political process will continue. fied as "The Swamp Fox City" in honor of Students visiting us Wednesday are: General Francis Marion, and our citizens Their reign as State basketball cham­ Mark Jewell, Patricia Utterneither, through the years have revered his memory pions will provide them with an auspi­ Darrell Hunter, Allison Kale, Carol and respected him for his tradition of cour­ cious entrance to their adulthood.e Lundy, Kimberly Riddle, Michael age and determination, as well as his ability Boemmel, Danielle Coles, Carl De­ to scheme and connive against his war en­ INCREASE WHOSE LOANS? Cicco, Ann DiSabatino, Mark Dono­ emies and to completely outwit them. Histo­ ry tells us that Francis Marion was a rugged hue, Frank Lioi, Dimitri Makres, Jean warrior in his time and that the British sol­ McKee, Jennifer Sanders, Ray San­ diers were terrified of him. He is probably HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL tini, Traci Walker, Pam Calderone, the most heralded and chronicl~d of South Tina Dahlke, Denise Farace, Allison Carolina's heroes, and I personally feel that OF ILLINOIS French, Jay Sedler, Coleen Shoett, it is altogether fitting and appropriate that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Adam Lutz, Michael Marzola, Thant this Great General, whom historians claim Wright, Barbara Smith, Denise Creely, that he knew every foot of the Pee Dee Tuesday, April 27, 1982 Sandy Franklin, Dawn Reichert, Rikki Swamps, will be honored by the United • Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, buried States Postal Service in the issuance of a somewhere on the back pages of the Bednar, Michele Glowacki, Yolanda new 13¢ First Issue Commemorative Postal Johnson, Wanda Kent, Valerie Card. I think it is highly significant that the New York Times recently was a story Downey, Kim Wiseman, Barbara First Day of Issue-April 3, 1982-marks the headlined: "63,000 Delinquent on Stu­ Conrad, Devon Blackwood, Robin Wil­ 250th anniversary year of his birth and that dent Loans-Audit Finds Doctors and liams, Joe Ratajlzak, Valerie Stromer, special ceremonies are scheduled here on Other Professionals Have Failed To Lisa Ross, Robin Lankford, Lisa the Marion Public Square and then later Pay U.S. $31 Million." Sasscer, Pam Pridgeon, and Dawn today at Francis Marion College, which in­ The story goes on to say: stitution also bears his name. The multicol­ Betz.e or postal card depicts a reproduction of a The outstanding debt for the program is painting from which the stamp was made $501 million and the overall delinquency TRIBUTE TO GEN. FRANCIS showing General Francis Marion and his rate is 20 percent. "SWAMP FOX" MARION men crossing the Pee Dee in a flat boat. Mr. Speaker, the Times reports This postal card can be purchased today and many of these professional delin­ will be a treasured item for stamp collectors, quents are now receiving "large sums HON. JOHN L. NAPIER as well as local historians. As further evidence of our appreciation from the medicare and medicaid OF SOUTH CAROLINA for "The Swamp Fox", as he was known, health programs." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES you will see that this Public Square is I am sure we will hear cries that we Tuesday, April27, 1982 graced by a full sized statue of General lack compassion in reminding these Francis Marion, which I am told is unique in people that they owe the taxpayers e Mr. NAPIER. Mr. Speaker, 250 that it is the only full sized statue of him in money. I have found that any time years ago, this Nation was in its infan­ the world. In addition, a Confederate Monu­ you remind some of our colleagues cy. At the same time, a child's birth ment was erected and unveiled in 1903 dedi­ that somebody owes the taxpayers was recorded with little interest other cated to the memory of members of the than a new citizen was born. But, Confederate Army. This bronze figure now money or that taxpayers want their when Francis Marion grew into man­ stands in front of the Marion County Li­ dollars carefully spent, there is always hood, he so loved his Nation that he brary. someone who says, "You lack compas­ flung himself, his family and his for­ The City of Marion is steeped in tradition sion." tune into the struggle for independ­ and history and we are proud of our herit­ I say let us start getting compassion­ age for which that gallant Revolutionary ate about the people who pay the bills. ence. His skirmishes and guerrilla tac­ hero, General Francis Marion, fought and tics did not gain as much publicity as preserved. And, by the way, Mr. Speaker, when other efforts against the British invad­ It is a pleasure for me to welcome each of was the last time you saw a story ers, but they were equally as impor­ you to our fair City bearing his name and it about loan defaulters and delinquent tant for they kept the Redcoats disor­ is my hope that you will enjoy each part of accounts on those evening television ganized and unable to contain the the day's planned activities which are news that show us such graphic film spreading rebellion. geared for all of us to reflect in a more ap­ footage of these said to be hurt by the In honor of Gen. Francis "Swamp preciative manner the memory of General Reagan program of lower taxes and Fox" Marion's contribution to this Francis Marion.e cuts in rates of Federal spending? Nation, a commemorative stamp will At this point I want to insert in the soon be available for the public. A TRIBUTE TO CAMDEN HIGH RECORD, "63,000 Delinquent on Stu­ During recent ceremonies in Marion, SCHOOL BASKETBALL TEAM dent Loans," and Associated Press S.C., a town named appropriately after story that appeared in the New York the patriot, Mayor T. Carroll Atkin­ Times, April10, 1982. son, Jr. noted the importance of this HON. JAMES J. FLORIO 63,000 DELINQUENT ON STUDENT LOANS­ man to his Nation. I submit the fol­ OF NEW JERSEY AUDIT FINDS DOCTORS AND OTHER PROFES­ lowing comments for the RECORD: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SIONALS HAVE FAILED To PAY U.S. $31 MIL­ LION WELCOME TO INVITED GUESTS Tuesday, April 27, 1982 Local Citizens, City Officials, Members of WASHINGTON, April 9.-A Federal crack­ the Marion County Historical Society, Mem­ • Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I would down on doctors, dentists and other profes­ bers of the Florence Heritage Foundation, like to take a moment to recognize the sionals who are not repaying student loans the local Postmaster, United States Postal achievements of a group of young men on time shows that 63,000 of them are delin­ Service Officials, Invited Guests and Other from my district. This group of 15 quent in paying nearly $31 million. Dignitaries: Camden High School students and Preliminary results from an audit by the Welcome to "Francis Marion County"! As their coaches recently became basket­ inspector general of the Health and Human Mayor of the City of Marion, I am honored Services Department show that some of and delighted to have the pleasure of wel­ ball champions of New Jersey in their those who are delinquent on loans work for coming each one of you here for this mo­ respective division. This has been ac­ the Federal Government; some collect large mentous occasion. It is indeed a historic day complished by Camden High three sums from the Medicare and Medicaid for the City of Marion to be chosen as the times in the last 5 years, a feat cer­ health programs and some teach at medical site of the Commemoration ceremony to tainly worthy of recognition. I am sure schools. April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7893 The breakdown, made available Thursday, life, creating a strong moral climate moving to abrogate these treaties, the showed that 7,000 medical doctors owed $5.2 for our youth, while developing in United States should be moving to million in delinquent payments; 340 osteo­ them character, self reliance, patriot­ strengthen them. paths owed $271,000; 3,700 dentists owed ism, and citizenship. We have several near-term opportu­ $3.1 million, and 626 optometrists owed How well the Yonkers YMCA has $502,000. nities to reaffirm our commitment to In addition, 3,200 pharmacists owed $1.8 succeeded in its objectives and goals is the peaceful uses of outer space. million in delinquent loans; 600 podiatrists denaonstrated by the high level of Among the most obvious opportunities owed $466,000; 429 veterinarians owed leadership it has provided in the civic, are the Special Session on Disarma­ $202,000, and 48,000 nurses owed $19 mil­ religious, cultural, educational, eco­ ment, to be held this June in New lion. nomic, recreational, and philanthropic York, and the United Nations Confer­ The low-interest loans have been provided life in the city of Yonkers. Many of its ence on the Peaceful Uses of Outer through the Health Professions Student members have garnered honors and Space, to be held this August in Loan program. Failure to repay loans means plaudits throughout the world for the funds available in the revolving loan Vienna. We could, of course, also add fund are reduced. their achievements and accomplish­ this topic to our bilateral talks with The Reagan Administration has already ments in their specific fields of en­ the Soviet Union. Ideally, the United begun to shrink the amount of money avail­ deavor. States would have a true peace initia­ able for all types of student aid. For several years the Yonkers tive and make proposals in all three Richard McGowan, a spokesman for the YMCA has been in the forefront in forums. inspector general's office, said 401 doctors recognizing the vital role of volunta­ The two options for using space who owed a total of $443,000 on their loans rism in enriching and enhancing the had received more than $10 million from before us are rather starkly described Medicare and Medicaid in the last two quality of life for all people. There is a in two recent editorials. One editorial, years. widespread giving of time, talents, and a followup on an article I placed in the Eighty-three faculty members at 17 medi­ financial support in making this par­ RECORD last week, opposes the chilling, cal schools and 80 doctors employed by the ticular YMCA the leading character but serious, concept of orbiting MS department are delinquent in repaying their building agency in the metropolitan missiles as a means of enhancing our loans, he said. area. The department's regulations say employ­ One hundred years of fostering prin­ nuclear deterrent. The other editior­ ees who fail to repay such debts can be dis­ ial, from the National Journal, de­ ciplined or dismissed. However, some ciples of good citizenship and human scribes the virtues of peacekeeping amounts of student loan debt are forgiven values; 100 years of forming enduring surveillance satellites of the type pro­ when the health professional spends at least friendships, rendering altruistic serv­ posed by Howard and Harriet Kurtz. two years practicing in an under-served ices, building a better community; 100 area. years of giving primacy to the human I commend these two editorials to Inspector General Richard Kusserow rec­ and spiritual, rather than to the mate­ my colleagues. I urge each of you to ommended that Medicare and Medicaid rial values of life. join in this important debate. funds be held up for doctors who had not All this is the Yonkers YMCA's [From the National Journal, Mar, 20, 19821 paid their student loan debts. He suggested that the penalty for late payments, now $2 birthday gift to the 195,000 residents FORTRESS AMERICA a month, be increased to reflect current in­ of the city of Yonkers.e (By Dick Kirschten) terest rates. In all, $735 million has been lent under President Reagan's domestic and foreign the program and $235 million in debts has WILL WE USE SPACE FOR WAR policies appear to be converging on the been canceled because of services in de­ OR PEACE health and welfare of the military-industri­ pressed areas. al complex. In the depths of a recession, The outstanding debt for the program is only the defense and aerospace sectors have $501 million and the overall delinquency HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. resisted the dismal trend, Administration rate is 20 percent. OF CALIFORNIA economists report. The loan program has provided aid to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES That fact has not been overlooked by de­ 250,232 health professionals who repaid or fenders of the President's planned defense are repaying their loans on time.e Tuesday, April27, 1982 buildup, which calls for the infusion of $1.6 • Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. trillion in military spending over the next Speaker, we are at a crucial crossroads five years. Defense Secretary Caspar W. YONKERS YMCA CELEBRATES Weinberger, among others, has been quick ITS 100TH ANNIVERSARY in our development and use of space to equate cuts in the proposed Pentagon technologies. While some have always budget with increases in domestic unem­ seen near-Earth space as just another ployment. "While it is not a reason for de­ HON. PETER A. PEYSER battleground for the next generation fense spending," Weinberger said on March OF NEW YORK of weapons systems, others have seen 8 at the National Press club, "we must re­ member that 350,000 jobs are at stake and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our step into space as a means to tran­ scend terrestial struggles and a chance will be lost if there are drastic cuts." Tuesday, April 27, 1982 for true peace. The Administration's preoccupation with e Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, on Sat­ Now the accelerating arms race be­ increasing the country's military might vis a urday, May 1, 1982, the Yonkers tween the United States and the vis the Soviet Union, coupled with it signals that it is eager to intervene-covertly, if not Young Men's Christian Associatjon Soviet Union threatens to spill into overtly-in the hostilities in El Salvador, will be celebrating its centennial space, and foreclose forever the option has triggered some predictable reactions. year--naarking 100 years of providing of the demilitarization of space. The Among them is the fear, in some quarters, naeaningful, wholesonae, and construc­ U.S. role in this developing tragedy is that Reagan may be drifting toward a policy tive services and activities for its naena­ one that should be a topic of general of restimulating the economy by placing the bers, regardless of age, sex, race, and debate. nation on something approaching a war religion. Mr. Speaker, we do not need to pro­ footing. The Young Men's Christian Associa­ ceed down this path. We can stop, re­ Another reaction has been the rekindling tion was founded in London, England, consider, and turn back. There are of concern that there will be a rapid escala­ in 1844, and at the present tinae en­ other options. There is no technologi­ tion of the strategic arms competition be­ tween the United States and the Soviet conapasses 90 countries around the cal imperative that says we must Union. That fear has prompted no fewer world with 20 naillion naenabers, 11 nail­ deploy every weapon we invent. It is than 150 Members of Congress to sponsor a lion in the United States alone. The even thinkable to negotiate limits on resolution urging that both superpowers Yonkers YMCA was founded in 1882 weapons systems. In fact, we have two "pursue a complete halt to the nuclear with the express purpose of pronaoting significant treaties dealing with weap­ weapons race." Reagan has sharply de­ high ethical values in all aspects of ons in outer space. Rather than nounced the resolution, arguing that the 7894 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 Soviets, at this juncture, enjoy a position of Despite the absence of support from the where a miscalculation or false alarm could superiority in nuclear armaments. superpowers, the French proposal has ad­ precipitate a mistaken American nuclear As U.S. policy becomes more focused on vanced through the stage of a full-scale fea­ salvo in response to a nonexistent Soviet head-to-head confrontation with the Krem­ sibility study and has been placed on the attack. lin, strains are developing in American rela­ agenda of a special session of the U.N. Gen­ Champions of the orbiting missile argue tions with other nations. Our European eral Assembly in June. But there is scant that the concept of launching on warning of allies, for the most part, seem little interest­ chance that the proposal will be implement­ a Soviet attack-or in an acute crisis when a ed in U.S. arguments discouraging their ed in the face of opposition from the two Russian nuclear strike looked imminent­ trade relationships with the Soviet Union. major powers, which would have to foot would be feasible if the American missiles Continued European support for the contro­ most of the bill. were fired initially into orbit. versial Yamal natural gas pipeline from Si­ The U.S. share, according to a State De­ From orbit the missiles could either be ac­ beria to Western Europe is prime example. partment spokesman, conceivably could be tivated and released toward their targets, or Reagan's determination to refurbish as high as $200 million a year. Aside from returned to Earth to fall harmlessly in America's superpower image has generally the cost factor, however, the official ex­ remote areas. Or so it is said. meant a reassessment of many of the multi­ pressed reservations about entrusting arms The idea, in our view, makes little sense. lateral activities and agreements in which control verification to the political control To begin with, an orbiting missile system the United States has been engaged. The of the United Nations voting majority. But would not necessarily prove to be any more Administration is now pressing amendments other nations, in the meantime, are going survivable than a land-based Minuteman. to the pending Law of the Sea treaty that forward with their own satellite programs The Soviets, who already are working on would allow this nation to maximize its and, in time, opportunities may exist for satellite interceptors, would certainly devel­ technological superiority in mining the min­ more suitable international arrangements. op a capacity to shoot them down-or at eral wealth at the bottom of the ocean. The The moral, perhaps, is that the advance­ least to destroy the satellites and ground U.S. amendments run counter to draft pro­ ment of technology is rapidly rendering ob­ stations that would provide command and posal developed over years of painstaking solete the concept of "fortress America." No control over the orbiting missiles. negotiations with some 150 nations, most of amount of military spending can build walls Beyond that, space bombers would violate them far less industrialized than the United high enough to prevent global information existing treaties against the deployment of States. from eventually becoming a reality. Spend­ nuclear weapons in space. We could choose Even some American industrialists are ing for national security, after all, need not to ignore those treaty commitments. But critical of the Administration's penchant for be restricted to the conventional path of in­ two could play that game. And do we really flexing U.S. muscle in its dealing with the creased armaments. want to invite a situation where Soviet mis­ less developed nations. Business executives siles might be orbiting threateningly over interested in exports have been concerned [From the Los Angeles Times, Apr. 25, 19821 our heads in a time of crisis? from the outset about Reagan's relative lack MX: A HAIR TRIGGER IN ORBIT Finally, the idea of bringing nuclear­ of enthusiasm for agencies that assist over­ The frustration of the Air Force in trying armed missiles safely back to Earth when a seas development, such as the World Bank to find a mode of deployment for the MX crisis or false alarm blows over may be tech­ and the Export-Import Bank of the United missile that would be both militarily practi­ nologically possible, but a malfunction could States. cal and politically acceptable is understand­ be catastrophic. No one, in this country or Most discouraged perhaps are those with able. Every basing idea that comes up is elsewhere, is going to place that much faith ideas for lessening the threat of nuclear hol­ found wanting in one score or another. in such a system. ocaust. One such scheme, based on the re­ It is hard to believe, however, that Penta­ The public protests against other MX markable developments of space age tech­ gon planners are really taking seriously an siting proposals are nothing compared with nology, is the concept of an international old idea that has resurfaced: the precaution­ what would happen if the Administration satellite monitoring agency to verify arms ary launching of intercontinental nuclear ever seriously proposed an orbiting missile control agreements and share the broad missiles into orbit at the first sign of a program.e spectrum of information, both civilian and Soviet attack. military, that is now attainable through the This concept has been around for years in use of remote-sensing satellites. one form or another. It is as frighteningly GRAHAM SEGARS The somewhat utopian ideal of such a absurd now as it was in the past. Yet, ac­ "global information cooperative" has been cording to Times staff writer David Wood, the subject of long, lonely and notably un­ the idea is being dusted off for a new look. HON. JOHN L. NAPIER successful lobbying by a former Air Force There was a time years ago when U.S. de­ officer, Howard G. Kurtz, and his late wife, fense planners feared that the Soviet Union OF SOUTH CAROLINA Harriet, an ordained minister. Their idea was developing a space bomber which, in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has been that an international agency time of crisis, could be fired into a parking Tuesday, April 27, 1982 might be phased into effect without requir­ orbit, from which it would hang over Ameri­ ing any nation to sacifice its sovereignty or can heads like a sword of Damocles. Alter­ e Mr. NAPIER. Mr. Speaker, South relinquish its own national security capabili­ natively, such a weapon could be launched Carolina's Sixth Congressional Dis­ ties. In time, as the Kurtzes saw it, the ex­ into a suborbital, harder-to-detect trajectory trict is an area of diverse interests. It posure of offensive military buildups to over the South Pole. Or so it was thought at thrives on a workable combination of world knowledge and opinion would lessen the time. agriculture, industry, and tourism. the value of such investments. In its American form, the orbital missile The United States and the Soviet Union concept evolved as an answer to the Minute­ These facets of our economic fiber do already possess the type of satellite remote­ man vulnerability problem-that is, the not just fall into place. They are cre­ sensing capabilities described by the danger that the Soviets could knock out this ated painstakingly by hard-working, Kurtzes. Accordingly, both have far fewer country's land-based nuclear deterrent in a dedicated citizens who believe in their secrets from one another than in the past. surprise attack. communities, States, and Nation. G. Nonetheless, both superpowers guard the As long ago as the national debate over an Graham Segars of Hartsville was one information gleaned from their military in­ antiballistic missile defense system in the such man. He was a believer. He be­ telligence satellites very closely. Neither has late 1960s, some people argued that Soviet lieved first of all in God and made his any enthusiasm for the concept of shared missile superiority would be meaningless if global intelligence, although the United the United States simply put Moscow on commitment an integral part of his States does share some environmental, me­ notice that the American Minuteman mis­ daily life. He believed in himself and teorological and agricultural information sile fleet would be fired off on warning of a the people with whom he had contact. from some of its civil satellites. Soviet attack. Any attacking missiles, there­ His life touched so many others and Although satellite technology is quite ex­ fore, would hit nothing but empty missile inspired them to action. pensive, there is no monopoly on capability, silos. The Hartsville Messenger summed and so the "utopian" idea of the Kurtzes Adoption of this idea, which still has up Mr. Segars' life in the following has not simply died a quiet death at the many adherents, would supposedly save editorial. I submit it for the RECORD. hands of the succession of U.S. Administra­ money because it would provide a rationale tions that have had no interest in it. The for making do with a much smaller nuclear GRAHAM SEGARS French proposed to the United Nations in deterrent. The people of Hartsville and of Darling­ 1978 that it establish an international satel­ The problem is that no American Presi­ ton County have suffered a great loss in the lite monitoring agency "within the frame­ dent wants the heart of the U.S. nuclear de­ untimely death of G. Graham Segars at age work of current disarmament efforts." terrent to be put on such a hair trigger, 69. Mr. Segars was a mover and a doer, a EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7895 man of principle and integrity. He was fordable, quality health care and will angry and they are not going to take it widely respected for the many contributions also help contain growing health care anymore.e made to the civic, governmental and reli­ costs. gious institutions of the county. He believed in developing and safeguard­ Senior activists also are determined THE DEATH OF GEORGE GRAY ing what was his own, and he was very suc­ to organize a national grassroots coali­ cessful in his personal businesses. He carried tion of consumers and health care pro­ this spirit over into his stewardship of viders to oppose President Reagan's HON. THOMAS A. LUKEN public works, and he worked in the public medicare cuts in the fiscal year 1983 sector just as hard as he did for his own. He budget, including the reduction of OF OHIO leaves behind him a record of solid achieve­ physician reimbursement rates under IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment in promoting the general welfare of part B. These proposals while directed Tuesday, April 27, 1982 every public body and every institution that at physicians and other health care he served. • Mr. LUKEN. Mr. Speaker, it is with Throughout his busy private and public providers, actually would do the great­ a sense of loss that I inform the House career he remained steadfastly loyal to his est harm to medicare recipients and of the death of George Gray. George family, his church and his community. He the insured health consumer. If Presi­ worked in the office of government re­ was the salt of the earth, and he will be dent Reagan has his way, medicare re­ lations at the National Association of sorely missed by those who knew him and cipients will find fewer physicians will­ Broadcasters. He was a friend to all depended on him.e ing to take assignment and the insured who knew him and especially to those consumer will see the medicare reduc­ of us who represent the State of Ohio, GRAY PANTHERS INTRODUCE tions passed on to them in the form of where George spent so many of his DIRECTORY FOR MEDICARE increased health care costs. younger days in radio and television. CONSUMERS The importance of more physicians George Gray joined the National As­ accepting assignment cannot be over­ sociation of Broadcasters as a hundred stated. Today only 51.9 percent of this plus television market specialist in its HON. DON HONKER Nation's physicians take medicare as­ government relations department on OF WASIDNGTON signment. In my home region of the April 1, 1976. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Northwest, the Federal region x statis­ A veteran of 35 years in broadcast­ Tuesday, April 27, 1982 tics show in 1981 the net assignment ing, he was AVCO Broadcasting Co.'s rate was only 30.5 percent, one of the vice president for Washington affairs • Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, at a lowest rates in the country. since 1965, and has been associated time when health care costs are sky­ The growing reluctance of physi­ with both radio and television stations rocketing and senior citizens are cians to take assignment is one of the in Ohio and West Virginia. seeing a larger and larger portion of greatest problems facing the medicare George, a graduate of Adrian Col­ their incomes consumed by medical program today. Assignment means a lege in Adrian, Mich., worked as a expenses, the Reagan administration doctor will accept what medicare de­ newspaperman and ad agency account has called for a $3.1 billion reduction termines a reasonable charge as full executive before entering the broad­ in medicare funding for 1983. This cut­ payment for services rendered. A phy­ casting field. He began as an account back is not only insensitive to the sician who takes assignment also re­ executive with WHKC radio in Colum­ health needs of the elderly, it will also lieves the patient of the administrative bus, Ohio, moving to WLWD and be counterproductive in the effort to WLW radio as general sales manager. achieve cost savings. The White House paperwork involved. medicare proposals would only shift Many physicians say they hesitate WLWD named him general manager to take assignment because medicare's in 1957, and he was elected a vice medical costs to patients, doctors, and president of AVCO in 1961. He as­ hospitals. reasonable charge reimbursement I believe the President's budget cuts under part B is considerably less than sumed his post in Washington for have gone too far, and I am encour­ their actual charges. The administra­ AVCO in 1965. aged to see older Americans take the tion's current proposals to reduce phy­ George and his wife, the former offensive in opposing these proposals. sician's reimbursement rate will only Marian Rhonermus, have three sons The elderly are not going to sit idly by aggravate this problem. and reside in Fairfax, Va. and watch the Reagan administration When a doctor will not accept as­ George understood the problems chip away at their hard-won gains in signment, the medicare recipient is re­ and challenges that face the local health care. sponsible for paying any amount broadcaster and was always able to A good example of this new-found above the reasonable charge, on top of present their needs to the Members of activism came through loud and clear the annual $75 deductible, 20 percent Congress who worked with him. His at a press conference held last week by coinsurance charges, and the $11 in professional attitude and knowledge the National Gray Panthers director monthly premiums elderly pay to allowed him to provide the best possi­ Maggie Kuhn and the Gray Panthers qualify for medicare part B. Physi­ ble service to broadcasters throughout of Metropolitan Washington, D.C. cians who accept assignment are pro­ the country. They denounced the administration's viding a valuable public service in lift­ My staff and I extend our deepest medicare cuts and at the same time re­ ing the financial and paperwork condolences to the Gray family. I will leased an important directory for con­ burden off the backs of elderly pa­ miss George as a contact on communi­ sumers of medicare. tients. I believe Congress should do cations issues and as a friend.e The directory, entitled "Does Your more in addressing the concerns physi­ Doctor Take Medicare Assignment?" cians have with the medicare part B NATIONAL PARKS lists the physicians and other health program, in order to insure their in­ care providers in the Washington, D.C. volvement in this vital program. metropolitan area who accept medi­ I commend the Gray Panthers for HON. PHIWP BURTON care assignment under part B. Yester­ compiling the medicare assignment di­ OF CALIFORNIA day's announcement was the begin­ rectory that supports the consumer's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ning of a nationwide effort to assist right to know, and their efforts to medicare recipients, 90 percent of oppose the administration's senseless Tuesday, April 27, 1982 whom are elderly, with factual, self­ cuts in medicare. Yesterday's press e Mr. PHILLIP BURTON. Mr. Speak­ help directories. The Gray Panthers conference put the administration, er, April 22 marked the 13th anniver­ believe their assignment directories Congress, and the medical community sary of Earth Day, an event intended will give senior citizens access to af- on notice that senior citizens are to raise the environmental conscious- 7896 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 ness of the American people. This In 1965, Congress created the Land and Maintaining park facilities to meet health Water Conservation Fund, which receives and safety standards is important. However, Nation observes many such special income mainly from offshore oil and gas Secretary Watt's priorities go in the wrong days with barely a notice of the event. leasing. Congress is authorized to appropri­ direction. Earth Day, however succeeded beyond ate up to $900 million a year from the Fund The Watt proposal to dip into the Land its sponsors wildest dreams-Congress to buy land for national parks, wildlife ref­ and Water Conservation Fund for mainte­ has enacted legislation to protect this uges and forests and to help states plan, nance would rob it of money needed for Nation's bountiful natural resources: purchase, and develop state parks. In that buying additional parklands. wilderness areas, national parks, way, Congress provided that a modest share The maintenance funds Secretary Watt is rivers, streams and lakes, coastlines, of the offshore oil and gas revenues . the Congressional moratorium on leasing in ously, she celebrated with those of us From 1977 to 1979, the Forest Service re­ wilderness until after the current session of viewed 62 million acres of large roadless Congress and the 1982 elections. Then, in in freedom. Now, a year later, she has areas in the National Forests to determine February 1982 Secretary Watt announced a spent another year of her life impris­ what lands should be recommended to Con­ new program, billed as "protection" of wil­ oned by Soviet injustice. gress for addition to the wilderness system derness, which actually pursues the same The past decade of Ida Nudel's life is and what lands should be made available for policy of opening wilderness, but under a a testimony to the veracity of the other uses. When that long study process new guise. He presented the Administra­ human spirit. Many of us know her by was complete, the Carter Administration tion's proposed Wilderness Protection Act her words, her actions, her commit­ recommended that Congress designate a of 1982, which would allow the President, total of 15 million acres as wilderness. BLM without Congressional approval, to open ment, her persistent search for justice, is presently reviewing approximately 24 mil­ any wilderness area by declaring an unde­ her unyielding dedication to the cause lion acres to determine which lands under fined "urgent national need." Under the of freedom, and her love for the integ­ its jurisdiction should be recommended to present law, lands designated by Congress as rity of human beings. Congress for wilderness designation. wilderness remain closed to development Ida Nudel is very special. She speaks The Wilderness Act allows prospecting after December 31, 1983 forever, unless Con­ for the countless numbers of refuse­ and other activities in wilderness areas to gress determines otherwise and automatical­ collect information about mineral or other niks whose sad stories have been se­ ly end protection for the entire wilderness creted away in fear and whose lives resources and requires the Department of system, opening all wilderness areas to min­ the Interior to conduct periodic surveys to eral and energy development in the year are being torn from them. Ida Nudel, determine resource values. In addition, the 2000. the "Guardian Angel," has brought Wilderness Act allows, but does not require, Shutting off additions to the wilderness the grace of heaven to many whose the Secretary of the Interior to issue energy system hope has dwindled. Her good work and and mineral leases in wilderness areas until caring for others will bring her long December 31, 1983. The Administration wants not only to Recognizing that wilderness areas serve open the whole wilderness system to energy struggle to victory and the Soviet Gov­ vital ecological functions, that they are the and mineral development in 2000 but to ernment will not forever be able to last remnants of America's primeval splen­ make sure that, in the meantime, little if ignore the protests of those around dor, that they do not contain relatively any new land is added to the system. The the world who despise injustice and in­ large amounts of minerals or energy re­ Administration's bill would set short, rigid humanity. The Soviet Government sources, and that they are irreplaceable, deadlines for Congress to act on Forest cannot forever defy with might the every Secretary of the Interior up to the Service and BLM lands recommended for wilderness designation, or recommended for protests of those who know what is present has, as a matter of policy, opposed right. mineral or energy development in designat­ study for designation: give no second ed wilderness areas. chances. Lands not actually designated as The past is behind us, but the Soviet Under the Wilderness Act, lands approved wilderness by the deadlines would be perma­ Government can begin today to honor for inclusion in the wilderness system will nently released for development. The Forest the human rights of its citizens. The be closed, except for valid existing claims Service would be barred from ever again time has come to let Ida Nudel go.e and leases, to mineral and energy develop­ studying its lands for wilderness or manag­ ment after December 31, 1983. ing those lands as wilderness, without Con­ CHARGES gressional approval. Under existing law, wil­ SOUTH DAKOTA VOICE OF derness values must be considered in the on­ DEMOCRACY WINNER Opening wilderness to development going, periodic forest planning process; and In May 1981 Secretary Watt directed his take away from Congress and give to the Solicitor to find a way to "open wilderness President the power to determine which areas." That directive repudiated the policy BLM wilderness study areas should be re­ HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE of every Secretary of the Interior since the leased to development. All BLM wilderness OF SOUTH DAKOTA Wilderness Act was passed in 1964. study areas would be subject to immediate Secretary Watt advocated a 20-year delay, development. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES until 2003, of the date when wilderness In addition to its anti-wilderness legisla­ Tuesday, April 27, 1982 lands will be closed to energy and minerals tion, the Reagan Administration has, by ex­ development. Secretary Watt Inisleadingly ecutive action, attempted to block or limit e Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, I am stated that delay of the deadline was neces­ additions to the Wilderness System. pleased to be able to insert into the sary to inventory oil and gas and other min­ Assistant Secretary of Agriculture John RECORD the statement of Carol S. eral resources. In fact, the Wilderness Act Crowell eliminated almost 1 million acres Dorman, the South Dakota winner of allows, indeed requires, exploration and in­ from the previous administration's recom­ the VFW Voice of Democracy Scholar­ ventory without any time limit. mendation to Congress for addition of ship program from 1981-82. The Forest Service issued draft recom­ Forest Service land to the wilderness mendations to issue leases in the Washakie system. Carol is from Yankton, S. Dak., and Wilderness adjacent to Yellowstone Nation- Assistant Secretary Crowell has testified I am sure that her family and commu- al Park, the Ventana Wilderness on Califor- against designation of lands recommended nity are proud of her achievements in 7898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 this competition. Following is the text ciety. Americans have always been known as privileged to know this remarkable of her statement: industrious, conscientious, and inventive man will miss him very much. people, and our generation, in the footsteps STATEMENT OF CAROL S. DORMAN, SOUTH of those gone before, can build our society My wife Barbara and I extend our DAKOTA VOICE OF DEMOCRACY WINNER to its fullest. It takes everyone to make the deepest sympathy to his lovely wife Building America Together. " ... One free enterprise system work. Opportunities June, his children, Ralph J. III, Lisa nation under God, indivisible, with liberty are unlimited if a person gets involved, sets and John and his mother, Geraldine.e and justice for all." From the days of our goals, and when he reaches them, steps out forefathers, the spirit of togetherness, one­ to move on and keep building. ness in striving toward a common goal, has I pledge my allegiance to this blessed INNER CITY SUCCESS STORIES been the motivating factor in building country that united we may stand, and to­ SHOW ENTERPRISE ZONE PO­ America to her greatest potential. gether we may build a strong America! Will TENTIAL: LET'S GET MOVING! Our founding fathers had a dream, and a you join me?e firm faith in their God, whose strength would carry them to the realization of that dream. America began as a nation under TRIBUTE TO RALPH J. EDSELL, HON. JACK KEMP God. Our first leaders looked to Him for di­ JR. rection and gave Him the glory. He built our OF NEW YORK continent, filled it with vast resources and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES determined people, and fashioned it into a great nation. To remain united, we must HON. NORMAN F. LENT Tuesday, April 27, 1982 continually remember the source behind OF NEW YORK • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, one of the our greatness. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES questions BOB GARCIA, BILL GRAY, and " ... Indivisible ..." It is said, that a house divided against itself cannot stand. So Tuesday, April 27, 1982 I often get about enterprize zones is it is with a nation also. Togetherness is the e Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, it was with "Would anyone really set up a busi­ key to building a strong America. a sense of great shock and sadness ness in the inner city, anyway? Can This spirit of togetherness must begin in that I learned of the death of a long­ iiLller city residents make good em­ each home. Our nation still bears the scars time friend and former associate ployees?" from wounds inflicted in that terrible hour My reply is that we are often far too of her history when brother fought brother, Ralph J. Edsell, Jr. A former resident the Civil War. of Nassau County, N.Y., he died in Or­ quick to writeoff the human capital The characteristics of great men and lando, Fla. after suffering a heart resources of America's poorest commu­ women are born and nourished in happily attack. nities. I believe that our inner cities united and loyal families. There, children During his years as a resident of are filled with people who would take can see the importance of real love in action Long Island, Mr. Edsell compiled an a chance on a better future-if offered to make the whole world more livable. Hard outstanding record of public service. A a real, tangible opportunity. work, determination, and cooperation are This isn't just a guess, by the way. vital ingredients in building strong families graduate of Cornell University Law and a strong country. Young people who School, he began his public service as As an article in today's Wall Street grow up with inventive and determined a trial lawyer in the Internal Security Journal points out, Control Data hearts, willing to give of themselves, are the Division of the Department of Justice. Corp., Digital Equipment Corp., and kind of citizens America needs. He left this position to join the staff International Business Machines Strong families instill respect and honor of Joseph Carlino, then speaker of the Corp., all have successful inner city for authority into their children. As chil­ New York State Assembly, where he plants. What is more, these firms dren learn to honor their parents, they employ almost entirely the minority learn respect and loyalty for their country served as counsel for 10 years. and its heads. In 1964, Mr. Edsell became the Re­ residents of the neighborhoods where This respect and loyalty fosters patriotism publican candidate for Congress from these plants are located. While there in the hearts of young people. Patriotism the Fifth Congressional District on were some initial problems with job makes people proud of their country and Long Island, but lost that race to training and adjustment, these inner willing to work for it. A country whose former Representative Herbert city firms and their workers have gone people are united in believing that their Tenzer. Mr. Edsell, however, main­ on to do extremely well in the highly country is important, will be the greatest competitive computer industry. country in the world. Therefore, we in tained his interest and activity in the America must steadfastly uphold the family Republican Party on Long Island, What does the Enterprise Zone Tax unit, where these important characteristics serving as Republican committeeman Act, H.R. 6009, offer these and similar are learned. in his hometown of Cedarhurst. firms? Most important, they would re­ A nation united under God and made indi­ In 1970, Mr. Edsell was a most ceive a major tax benefit for hiring visible by strong family units can preserve valued assistant in my successful cam­ disadvantaged workers: a credit equal the "liberty and justice for all" that we so paign for the U.S. congressional seat to 50 percent of their wages for 3 highly prize. Here in America we do have years, then 40, 30, 20, and 10 percent liberties. Our political system provides ad­ in the Fifth Congressional District, vantages that we must use or lose. In this then held by the late Allard K. Lowen­ in each of the succeeding 4 years. And sense they are not only rights and privi­ stein, and joined my staff in Washing­ unlike the targeted jobs tax credit, leges, but responsibilities as well. Voting is ton, after my election, as my adminis­ this would have no wage limit HELPS CREATE FESTIVITIES stand, even if you would hope for something Ten miles from the Bronx, in Brooklyn's else, why local businesses cannot afford the Bedford-Stuyvesant district, International 20 percent shrinkage of the Canadian dollar Business Machines Corp. has been manufac­ by accepting Canadian dollars at par. turing computer components for 14 years HON. JOHN L. NAPIER This is a weekend that all the Grand with a work force drawn almost entirely OF SOUTH CAROLINA Strand looks forward to. We like to have Ca­ from this black, working-class neighbor­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nadians come to see us, and we enjoy the festivities ourselves. We hope that the hood. IBM admits it began the operation in Tuesday, April27, 1982 1968 as a social experiment. In the volatile Grand Strand lives up to the expectations climate following the 1960s race riots, some e Mr. NAPIER. Mr. Speaker, interna­ of its visitors, and we invite your comments 120 persons were put to work in a converted tional relations are important to this to this newspaper or to the Chamber of warehouse at the lowest of high-tech tasks, Nation. Although we do not sit right Commerce. Welcome back.e reconditioning electronic cable. on the Canadian border as do many "It was a hedged bet," says Franklin States, South Carolina has made a THE AMERICAN VETERANS COM­ Thomas, then head of the Bedford-Stuyve­ major effort to promote relations with sant Restoration Corp., a government-pri­ MITTEE SUPPORTS A NATION­ vate-community development group, and that nation through a joint Canadian­ AL PEACE ACADEMY now president of the Ford Foundation. "It American festival conducted each year was clear to us that if the plant was a bust, along with the South's most famous they could truck that cable reconditioning beach resort, the Grand Strand. The HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. facility to another plant and carry on." Myrtle Beach Sun News recently The plant stayed, and by all accounts has noted in an editorial the importance of OF CALIFORNIA prospered. Today a staff of 420, split 50-50 this event. I offer this for consider­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES between production and management-engi­ ation by my colleagues as to the sig­ Tuesday, April 27, 1982 neering, works on a variety of tasks, from nificance of promoting good interna­ routine "board stuffing" to assembly of two e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. components of the 3081 system, IBM's most tional relations. Speaker, last week I was honored to powerful computer. In 1978, the workers CANADIAN-AMERICAN LINK HELPS CREATE participate in an historic hearing in moved five blocks to a new building put up FEsTIVITIES the U.S. Senate of the establishment by IBM. There is more to Canadian-American Days of a U.S. Peace Academy. The testimo­ Does the Bed-Stuy plant exist simply as a than advancing the former summer tourist token of IBM's social conscience? "I would season on the Grand Strand. That is, to be ny given has encouraged me to believe say early in the game it was damn margin­ sure, how it began, just as the Sun Fun Fes­ that at long last this concept can al," says Thomas G. Crotty, an analyst with tival was set in early June to break the become a reality. the Gartner Group, a computer research summer season sooner. Now, the season is One reason for my optimism is the firm. "But they've turned that thing into a becoming year-round, thanks largely to breadth of support. An example of very profitable, very fine plant." Adds golfers on the one hand and to Canadians this breadth is the support by the Frank Jones, the plant manager: "I don't on the other. And by that we don't imply American Veterans Committee, as re­ want to oversimplify it. We had a struggle Canadians aren't good golfers. ported in the Stars and Stripes-the getting here. But in terms of products we The fact is, however, that. Canadians and are assigned to manufacture, we are no dif­ Grand Stranders find themselves brothers National Tribune. ferent from any other IBM plant." and sisters because of the two decades of re­ For those who still doubt the utility Two other computer makers have built big lationships. The most recent reminder of of a National Peace Academy, let me inner-city manufacturing plants. Digital the friendship can be found at the Conven­ recommend that they read the follow­ Equipment Corp. makes all its half-inch tion Center, where a monument commemo­ ing commentary: tape drives and flexible disk products on a rates the courage of Canadian diplomats in [From the Stars and Stripes-the National 15-acre site in a predominantly black area of helping smuggle out of Iran some United Tribune, Apr. 22, 1982] Springfield, Mass. Almost 60% of the 840 States refugees from our beseiged embassy. workers are minorities. In 1980, Digital We share a good relationship, and we AN AcADEMY OF PEAcE: A NEW WAY TO Equipment opened a plant in Boston's black should expand on it. NATIONAL SECURITY Roxbury neighborhood. If Canadians didn't like the atmosphere Not long ago, an Academy of Peace Control Data Corp.'s minority hiring push created on the Grand Strand through this seemed as remote as landing on the moon began in 1968 with a plant in Minneapolis' friendship, they wouldn't return from year seemed to our Renaissance forebears. But northside neighborhood. Today, the plant's to year to enjoy the spring, the budding aza­ now it has become a distinct possibility as 56% minority work force is the company's leas and dogwood, the warming tempera­ the American people express their anxiety sole supplier of a critical piece of auxiliary tures. Indeed, it is incumbent upon both Ca­ about the possibilities of total annihilation computer gear. nadians and Grand Stranders to assure that should a nuclear exchange occur. Executives of all three companies say this novel relationship continues to work for Congressional hearings are taking place training, flexibility and lots of patience both groups. this week on legislation introduced last No- 7900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 vember to establish such an Academy. Fol­ rules don't apply. If defense is impossible, research in the peaceful resolution of con­ lowing presentation of the final Report of then we must redefine National Security­ flict at the earliest possible date. the U.S. Commission on Proposals for the and somehow the definition always comes For further information about the work National Academy of Peace and Conflict down to Peace. Even banning nuclear weap­ of the National Peace Academy Campaign, Resolution to President Reagan, S. 1889 was ons, however desirable that would be, is in­ contact them at 110 Maryland Ave., N.E., introduced by Senator Matsunaga, the adequate, because in five years' time our sci­ Suite 409, Washington, DC 20002. Chairman of the commission. A Companion entists are perfectly capable of developing bill was introduced in the House. Both bills six other ways to wipe out the human race. are acquiring numerous sponsors. It is Sena­ What we must ban is war itself. STATEMENT ON INTRODUCTION tor Robert Stafford's Subcommittee on Edu­ "The point is that war is no longer just; OF H.R. 6167 cation of the Labor and Human Resources anachronistic as a method of solving human that is conducting the April 21 hearing. problems-it is truly obsolete. There is no The Commission in its Final Report found problem great enough to be solved by nucle­ HON. SAM GIBBONS ar weapons." "that the absence of a coordinated national OF FLORIDA commitment to research, education and It appears that many people are beginning training and information services from the to recognize the fact that war, in this nucle­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES field of peace learning has caused neglect of ar age of metabombs and super-missiles, is Tuesday, April 27, 1982 peacemaking knowledge and skills to the indeed obsolete as a political or any other detriment of the nation's effectiveness in kind of solution except for the destruction e Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I am policy-making and policy implementation in of life on earth. The Peace Academy with introducing a bill to amend section international affairs, conflict, and war." its emphasis on conflict resolution is a turn­ 1235 of the Internal Revenue Code of To fill this vacuum, the commission rec­ ing away from the war mentality that has 1954 . sharing in the general yearnings for learning accessible and useful to scholars, peace, passed the following resolution at its out of research done at universities analysts, policymakers, and decision makers National Convention last year endorsing the and other qualified nonprofit research in international affairs, conflicts, and war." Peace Academy: institutions in the United States. The Hubert Humphrey would be happy to THE NATIONAL PEACE ACADEMY bill also makes clear that certificates know how far the idea of an Academy of Whereas, the improvement of our nation­ of plant variety protection, which pro­ Peace has come. In his final public address al capability in the resolution of conflict is vide statutory protection for new vari­ on the Senate Floor December 15, 1977 he essential to the maintenance of domestic eties of plants comparable to the pro­ called the Academy Proposal "a serious obli­ tranquility in the years ahead; and tection provided to other inventions gation." Humphrey's words should be re­ Whereas, the non-violent resolution of by the Patent Act, will be treated as called. conflict on the international scene has "It is an idea whose time has come. A U.S. become essential to the survival of human patents for the purpose of section Academy for Peace and Conflict Resolution civilization and possibly of the human race 1235. would gather and focus new knowledge on itself; and Generally, section 1235 provides for the theory, process and methods of achiev­ Whereas, the establishment of a national treatment as long-term capital gain or ing peace and justice on the international as institution for training selected individuals loss of any gain or loss recognized well as the domestic level. It would provide both from our country and from other na­ upon the sale of a patent by an indi­ new alternatives to power confrontations as tions would assist in the development of a vidual who created the invention cov­ a means to resolve international conflict . . . worldwide pool of trained experts in conflict ered by the patent or who purchased The Peace Academy represents a new fron­ resolution who could contribute to lowering tier in the practical social sciences." the levels of conflict and violence at all his interest in the patent from the in­ As the groundswell of public opinion levels of society; and ventor before the invention was re­ against the arms buildup and the nuclear Whereas, such lowering of worldwide con­ duced to practice. This section of the arsenal grows, as it is almost minute by flict and tension levels would greatly facili­ Code was enacted in 1954 in order to minute, every avenue towards the peaceful tate rational and progressive steps toward stimulate inventive activity by giving resolution of conflicts needs to be explored. disarmament; and favorable tax treatment to inventors The Peace Academy is an important step Whereas, we already have four national and to other individuals who finance ahead to returning sanity to national policy. academies devoted to instruction in the res­ Therefore, it is exceptionally appropriate olution of conflict by the use of force; and the work of inventors. that hearings on the Peace Academy Legis­ Whereas, the recent development of con­ In 1981, Congress recognized a na­ lation should take place during Ground flict resolution techniques and theory has tional need to encourage increased re­ Zero Week, which is another effort of a dif­ made the establishment of a National Peace search and development activity, and ferent kind to steer this country away from Academy a realistic and hopeful national added section 44F to the Internal Rev­ nuclear apocalypse. goal; and enue Code to provide tax credits to General Omar Bradley speaking with a Whereas, the National Peace Academy businesses which increase their ex­ prescience rare to generals, remarked in a Commission established by Congress has penditures for research and develop­ speech in Boston: "We have grasped the completed its one-year study and is expect­ mystery of the atom and rejected the ed to report to the President and the Con­ ment. In so doing, Congress recognized Sermon on the Mount. Ours is a world of gress this summer and to recommend the es­ the vital role that our universities, col­ nuclear giants and ethical infants. We know tablishment of a National Academy of Peace leges, and other nonprofit institutions more about war than we do about peace­ and propose legislation for enactment by play in our national research effort by more about killing than we know about the 97th Congress to authorize the estab­ specifically providing that expendi­ living." lishment of such an Academy; and tures made to finance basic research The drive for a Peace Academy has been Whereas, the National Board of AVC has at such institutions could qualify for spearheaded by the National Peace Acade­ long supported and endorsed the establish­ the research and development credit. my Campaign. Milton C. Mapes, Jr., Execll­ ment of a National Peace Academy; tive Director of the Campaign and a driving Now, therefore be it resolved that the In this time when public funding for force to help turn the idea of an Academy American Veterans Committee by action of university based research activity is into a Federal institution, in an address to its National Convention hereby endorses being severely cut back, it is urgent the First Congregational United Church of the establishment of a National Peace Acad­ that we encourage the private sector Christ in Washington pointed out: emy and urges its members and local chap­ to increase its level of support. It is, "Throughout our history National Securi­ ters to support the efforts of the National therefore, important that section 1235 ty has meant the ability to defend ourselves Peace Academy Campaign to achieve the es­ not act as a disincentive for the pri­ if attacked, so we prepared and trained the tablishment of a National Peace Academy; best military men we could find-and now and vate funding of university-based re­ those same experts tell us no defense is pos­ Be it further resolved, that the American search. At present, however, a person sible in the event of nuclear attack ... Sud­ Veterans Committee further urges the who finances the research of a par­ denly our four military academies and five President and the Congress to establish a ticular scientist or inventor can more war colleges are inadequate because the old National Peace Academy for instruction and clearly obtain the benefits of section April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7901 1235 if the scientist is not affiliated ing support to keep the McLean area There are deserving, hardworking with a university than if he is. Many, farm open. people in the country who are being if not most, universities have policies A partnership of government, busi­ hurt, and being hurt badly, by the ide­ or contracts with their faculty, staff, ness, and citizens has been working to­ ological rigidity of an administration and students under which patents and gether since last spring to preserve the of, by, and for the rich. I urge my col­ similar property rights belong to the farm, a working re-creation of an 18th leagues to watch this documentary university. Attempts to structure pri­ century colonial farm which the Na­ this evening. Hiding our heads in the vate funding of unversity-based re­ tional Park Service was forced to close sand may soothe our consciences, but search so that patents or similar prop­ briefly last March because of budget it does little to solve the probleins that erty rights will flow to the research restrictions. Because of the farm's the truly needy of this country are ex­ sponsor and payments will flow from popularity, especially as an education­ periencing. the sponsor to the researcher in order al facility for schoolchildren, the THROUGH THE SAFETY NET-THE VICTIMS OF to meet the literal requirements of the Friends of Turkey Run Farm formed REAGAN'S ADMINISTRATION present statute may disturb the tradi­ to keep the facility operating. Wisconsin, Moyers talks to the mother all continue to support these goals. scheme, the present confusing and of a 13-year-old girl who has suffered two However, I am convinced that the wasteful system is scrapped. In its strokes and lies speechless in a coma. Be­ planning system is improperly struc­ place is a program which turns the ex­ cause of Reagan-mandated changes in Med­ tured to address these legislative isting system on its side. It forces erst­ icaid rules, the girl must be taken from her changes. while planners to actually plan. This is home and the care of visiting nurses and I believe that any restructured plan­ because under my formulation, the placed in an institution. The camera is there ning system must not retard the devel­ on the day the child is taken away, as the State health plan will be the critical mother cries. "I just can't take it." A nurse opment of an innovative and cost-ef­ document, explaining how a State says of the insensitivity that caused this fective health care delivery system. On wants to distribute its health re­ tragedy to occur, "It's going to make en­ the contrary this new planning system sources. The State will be the sole emies out of our own people." should encourage these activities author of its program, as no Federal Finally, in Milwaukee, Moyers visits a while paying attention to unneeded fa­ standards, criteria, or guidelines will church which provides food for the down­ cility construction and institutional apply. trodden and has seen the demand for such health service duplication. charity double in the past year. This would The Federal planning system To insure enforcement of the plan, seem an example of Reagan's oft-invoked reached its zenith in 1980, a year in the bill provides that a participating private sector moving into the breach left which the Federal Government appro­ State will use the "Certificate of by the government's abdication of responsi­ Need" program. Moving from the bility to the disadvantaged. But a volunteer priated $167 million for planning pur­ at the church notes of the Reagan economic poses. For the current year, some $64 present system, my bill anticipates czars. "They're asking the wrong people to million have been appropriated. The that certificate of need applications sacrifice." administration supports repeal of will be reviewed on the basis of the Father Steve Gliko, who supervises the planning, and as such has asked for a State health plan. At present, the cer­ volunteer program, tells Moyers, "It's unfair mere $2 million in fiscal year 1983 for tificate of need process is used as a dis­ to put any poor person in the precarious sit­ phaseout activities. cretionary franchising activity by uation of having to depend on the generous social engineers. I contemplate a whims of the wealthy." Moyers quotes the This program derives its statutory Reagan contention that the "truly needy" authority from 60 pages in the Public system whereby the planners will ac­ are being provided for. "The American citi­ Health Service Act. In order to inter­ tually plan, and then will be held to zen who can say that," Gliko responds, "is pret these 60 pages of statute, the De­ the consequences of their decisions. blind." partment of Health and Human Serv­ Under :my program, the only basis The program also puts the lie to the pet ices has seen fit to publish 79 pages of on which an application for a CON Reagan myth that if we can just eliminate complicated Federal regulations. And can be denied would be explicit prohi­ welfare cheating, everything about the economy will be hunky-dory (and we'll be yet, despite all the Federal attention bition of the applied-for activity in the able to afford Reagan's trillion-dollar de­ to health planning, there is serious State health plan. In addition, I set fense budget>. Moyers says far more reve­ and sincere concern as to its efficacy. out relatively high thresholds for nue is lost through under-reporting of In hearings before the Health and review. For capital expenditures, I income to the IRS than through welfare Environment Subcommittee last contemplate a $10 million minimum cheating, that the government is bilked out month, we received conflicting testi­ threshold. For new institutional of seven times the welfare budget by tax mony. Some witnesses testified that health services, I would like to see a cheating each year. A lawyer retained by health planning was a valueless activi­ the Ohio man with cerebral palsy says of threshold of $1.5 million. To mitigate welfare money, "The people who are the so­ ty. Others stated that the "Certificate the stringency of mandatory thresh­ called cheats are the ones that are still get­ of Need" program, properly adminis­ olds, however, I have provided for ting it. They are the ones who know how tered, had merit. lower thresholds upon a proper show­ the system works." Reflecting the diversity of opinion ing of necessary resources of money Moyers is such a skillful and resourceful expressed in our subcommittee, Mem­ and personnel by the petitioning journalist that it is difficult to pinpoint his bers have introduced two broadly di­ State. strongest suit; he wrote the script for the vergent pieces of legislation. One, program with producer-director Judy sponsored by the gentleman from Ala­ By setting these relatively high Towers Reemtsma. But where he shines bama Member of Congress.e stages of readiness. Furthermore, the Spe- free and away from nuclear conflict.e April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7905 RETURN OF THE SINAI difficult actions. I hope that this will U.S. NEEDS EDGE OVER SOVIETS be the type of action and commitment In every major political confrontation, that will be emulated by other states, from Berlin in the early 1960s, through the HON. TOBY ROTH so that we can at last free the world 1973 Middle East war, U.S. nuclear superior­ from the possibility of renewed con­ ity cast a major shadow of restraint on po­ OF WISCONSIN tential Soviet aggression. One of the most IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flict in the Middle East.e powerful signals of our serious intent has Tuesday, April 27, 1982 been for U.S. policymakers to order our nu­ clear forces to a higher state of alert as a e Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, this past THE CURRENT DEBATE OVER NUCLEAR ARMS crisis deepened. Up until now the Soviets weekend, Israel took a courageous have gotten the message. Would they be­ step: In accordance with the terms of lieve such an implicit threat in the future if the Camp David peace treaty, return HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL the U.S. is manifestly inferior in nuclear of the Sinai to Egypt was completed. weaponry or has said, "clearly 'no' to the This action was not taken at no cost to OF ILLINOIS use of nuclear weapons"? It seems unlikely. Prime Minister Begin and his govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Third, if nuclear weapons have been Tuesday, April 27, 1982 "used" effectively in this political sense-to ment. Sizable segments of the Israeli deter aggression-do they, as some assert, populace fiercely resisted the return • Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I recent­ lose utility once deterrence fails? Much of the Sinai, but Mr. Begin put larger ly read an article about nuclear arms would depend on how they are used in war national and international interests that was factually correct, calmly pre­ and the relative state of preparedness of the ahead of narrow concerns and demon­ sented, and free of any appeal to fear, major combatants. strated that the nation of Israel re­ hysteria or ignorance. Since articles Some of course simply refuse to think mains steadfastly committed to the like this are so rare these days I want about the contingency, as if that might peace process. to bring it to your attention. make it disappear. But suppose it does not Mr. Begin, his government, and the At this point I wish to insert in the disappear, Curiously, some nuclear strate­ gists who tend to support the ant-nuclear people of Israel deserve and merit our RECORD, "The Current Debate Over movement embrace the notion that if nucle­ support and accolades. After more Nuclear Arms" by Seymour Weiss, ar weapons are ever used, they should be than 30 years of hostility and warfare, from the Wall Street Journal, April used against cities. The immorality of kill­ Israel now can entertain the realistic 20, 1982. ing tens of millions of civilian men, women hope and expectation of living in [From the Wall Street Journal, Apr. 20, and children seems not to trouble them. peace with its Egyptian neighbor. 1982] The fact that in return for such an attack An additional encouraging sign from THE CURRENT DEBATE OvER NucLEAR ARMs even larger numbers of American men, a region best known for rumors of war women and children, would be killed, seems e "We went shopping for a project that war. would help supplement the Reserve Train­ Unless one simply opts for the "better ing program here," Herdman explains. "Re­ Red than dead" approach, are there things THE NAVY'S PROJECT EAGLE IN servists who live in cities near Naval bases we can do to defend U.S. interests? There NEVADA like Long Beach are fortunate in that the are, though none is easy or guarantees re­ training the Navy counts on is available sults: aboard Navy ships and in maintenance We have to rebuild our military posture, shops. It's a different story for the land­ conventional and nuclear. This will be very HON. JIM SANTINI locked sailors here." costly, possibly as much as 14% annually of OF NEVADA Herdman says the project dubbed "Proj­ our GNP to the end of the decade. Too ex­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ect Eagle," offers training in auto repair, pensive? It depends what value one places Tuesday, April27, 1982 welding, sheet metal work and fabrication. on freedom. He says the entire reserve, including mem­ We have to adopt realistic strategic con­ e Mr. SANTINI. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. bers of reservists' families, have chipped in cepts. Distasteful and indeed dangerous as it Navy operates a Naval Reserve unit in to help. may be, we will need a strategy with a wide what is at first glance, a very unlikely "They sold soft drinks, popcorn, burritos range of nuclear options and which can be place-landlocked Nevada. Specifical­ and donated private money to sponsor the typified, not unfairly, as involving nuclear car," explains Herdman, who ran a donated war-fighting. Our nuclear policy has been ly, the Reserve operates in Las Vegas and is responsible for training reserv­ Cadillac in Pure Stock Division races last moving in precisely such a direction for year. more than a decade. This was at the heart ists all the skills necessary to maintain The Pontiac was supposed to be run last of Defense Secretary James Schlesinger's naval readiness for this country. But year, but the crew was unable to prepare flexible-response strategy, reconfirmed with how does the Navy teach seamen to the car in time. Meanwhile, someone donat­ modest modifications in President Carter's weld ship parts if there are no facili­ P.D. 59 strategy. There is every reason to ed the boat-like '66 Cadillac for "scrap or believe the Reagan administration won't ties for ships in the area? whatever" and Herdman had it painted for abandon this trend. I am proud to say that a very inven­ immediate competition at CRS. Finally, there's the question of arms con­ tive chief petty officer, Walt Herd­ A sponsor provided a new engine for the trol. Here what must be said must be said man, has found a way to do just that. Pontiac. The Cadillac, damaged badly in the candidly. There is no chance, absolutely Chief Petty Officer Herdman thought Pure Stock Championships late last year, is none, that arms limitations will solve our up a great way to train reservists in now being used as a project for younger re­ problem in the foreseeable future. The mo­ basic ship maintenance skills without serves. mentary enthusiasm generated by President Herdman plans to drive the Cadillac Reagan's "zero option" proposal CONNECTICUT HON. ROBERT A. ROE The members of Wayne Lodge No. 2181 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW JERSEY are pleased and honored to present the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES name of Edward VanVooren, Past District Tuesday, April 27, 1982 Deputy, as a candidate for the office of e Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. Speaker, yes­ Tuesday, April 27, 1982 President of the New Jersey State Elks As­ terday the world witnessed an event of e Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, sociation. May 2, residents of V/ayne, our Eighth He has been a driving force behind our truly historic proportions. At great Lodge's building program, and present high cost both financially and in terms of Congressional District, and State of status among the Lodges of the N.J. State national security, the State of Israel New Jersey will join with the officers Elks Association. Ed became a member of completed its voluntary return of the and members of the New Jersey State Wayne Lodge No. 2181 in March of 1967 and Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. Very rarely Association of the Benevolent and almost simultaneously became actively in­ does history offer us examples of a Protective Order of Elks and other investments. According to ples of charity, justice, brotherly love, during which time he organized an Ameri­ the Israeli Defense Ministry, the cost fidelity, and American patriotism canism Brochure on History that gained of relocating Israeli forces totaled ap­ under the auspices of the B.P.O.E. second place in National competition. He proximately $4.8 billion. Israel also Mr. Speaker, we are all aware of the was appointed district deputy grand exalted gave up the oil wealth of the Sinai, charitable and benevolent activities of ruler by then Grand Exalted Ruler Gerald and its strategic importance both as a the Elks which span the needs and Strohm in 1974-75. It was at this time, feel­ base for military exercises and surveil­ concerns of all of our people-young ing the need for more interchange of ideas and adults alike-and especially their within the lodges of the district, that he or­ lance, and as a buffer zone separating ganized and promoted the highly successful her from the Arab world's largest generous contributions to God's spe­ idea of the Exalted Rulers' Round Table-a nation: Egypt. Yet, as Defense Minis­ cial children who are physically handi­ concept still being used today. ter Sharon stated, "We are not re­ capped. Upon completion of his tour of duty as treating from Sinai. We are demon­ The Elks have provided assistance to DDGER, Brother Ed was appointed State strating our desire to move forward needy and unfortunate individuals. It Public Relations Chairman for 2 successive toward peace." has helped victims of the Chicago fire, years 0975-1977). It was during this time The future holds many challenges given to flood relief, contributed to that the "Bugler" and the "Bugler Newslet­ for Israel, Egypt and all the nations of the work of the Red Cross, aided ter" was formed as was the publicity guide­ It line for Exalted Rulers. the Middle East. is up to the United Scout work, supported hospitalized Brother Ed has always been extremely in­ States to do everything in its power to veterans, and provided scholarships terested in Crippled Children. In addition to insure the continued success of the for the education of our young serving as Trustee at Camp Moore and Camp David peace process. We must people-to name but a few of their being involved in its initial planning, he encourage Egypt to continue the vast endeavors of benevolence. They served as North District Chairman for Crip­ course toward peace set by Anwar are particularly identified with their pled Children in 1972-73. Sadat, and to resist temptations to devotion to Americanism and have He has never failed to contribute his ex­ drift back into the camp of rejectionist brought an added quality of life and pertise, and his time to make Elks' Camp Moore a model for Crippled Children Camps Arab States. Further, we must insure way of life to the people of our Nation. in the entire country. He has served as State that the Palestinian autonomy talks It is fitting and appropriate that we Crippled Children Chairman for 4 succes­ do not falter. take this opportunity to commend and sive years <1977-1981>. No job is too small­ Mr. Speaker, Israel's efforts to move express appreciation to Ed Van no venture is too little-to focus his atten­ toward peace should be commended. It Vooren for his contribution to these tion and action. In addition to this, Brother is my sincere hope that the rest of the most worthwhile activities of the Ed is currently serving as Grand Lodge Arab world will have the courage to B.P.O.E. With your permission, Mr. Americanism Committeeman and has been follow the lead of Egypt and Israel in Speaker, I would like to insert at this actively involved in the formation of Kinne­ cultivating a lasting peace. And I hope point in our historic journal of Con­ lon and Ramsey Lodges and as advisor to Lincoln Park and Wyckoff Lodges. that other nations of the world, in­ gress a profile on Ed VanVooren pre­ Brother Ed served in the United States cluding the United States and the sented by the Elks Wayne Lodge No. Navy Air Corps in World War II. He is mar­ Soviet Union, will also learn from 2181 in support of Ed's successful can­ ried and the father of 2 daughters and 1 their example. We must be willing to didacy for the office of State president son. He is a general contractor always will­ take risks for the sake of peace.e of B.P.O.E. This outline of Ed's expe- ing to share his knowledge with others. Ed April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7909 also is a 4th degree member of the Knights In order to encompass the entire Thompson, published in the Proceed­ of Columbus. He is an excellent organizer spectrum of the energy field, these ings of the Institute of Medicine, Chi­ and highly capable of bringing out the best ladies have recruited participants from cago, V. 34, 1981, at this point in the in those with whom he works. His character private industry which include the RECORD. and accomplishments speak for themselves. Wayne Lodge proudly invite your consid­ American Petroleum Institute, Gulf The article follows: eration and support of Brother Edward Van Oil, Exxon, Chevron, Tenneco, MARY HARRIS THOMPSON-PIONEER SURGEON Vooren for the office of President of the Texaco, Florida Rural Electric Cooper­ AND HOSPITAL FOUNDER New Jersey State Elks' Association for the ative, and many others, to join hands coming year of 1981-1982. in solving the complex problems aris­ One hundred years ago the Chicago Medi­ Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to join ing from increased energy costs. cal Society for the first time elected a with the officers and members of our Through "Energy American Style," woman as an officer. This choice seemed an unlikely one since, as B.P.O.E., in this testimony to their leadership and private sector involve­ Dr. I. N. Danforth recalled at her memorial president and seek this national recog­ ment, together, foster the growing service 14 years later, "She was superbly nition of Ed Vooren for his outstand­ spirit of individual initiative in our self-reliant, but without a spark of egotism ing contribution to the American way country. or offensive self-assertion." The Society had of life and the American dream. He Today, I join in applauding the not admitted Dr. Thompson to membership many accomplishments of the Florida until 1873 after a decade in Chicago of long, has labored in the vineyard with other hard, and effective work in patient care, community leaders and our veterans in Federation of Women's Clubs and hospital service, and medical education. many, many social, civic, and charita­ extend my best wishes for their con­ Mary Harris Thompson had been born ble endeavors. His benevolence, under­ tinued success. That is not to say, how­ plain Mary Thompson on April 15, 1829, standing, and leadership endeavors on ever, that FFWC's past efforts have near Fort Ann, Washington County, New behalf of Elkdom and the people of gone unnoticed. In 1980, they were York. Her parents, Col. John Harris Thomp­ our community have promulgated a awarded the General Federation of son and Calista Corbin Thompson, went on spirit of brotherhood and good will Women's Clubs Energy Award and to have a large family; Mary was the second and truly enriched our community, have been recognized by the National child. Col. Thompson at the time was a Energy Advocacy Conference and the partner in an iron mine, but business was State, and Nation. We do indeed salute not too good. a most distinguished citizen, communi­ Florida Governor's Energy Office as An early interest-and definite ability-in ty leader and great American-the well. In Florida, we are indeed fortu­ drawing and painting foreshadowed Mary's Honorable Edward VanVooren, presi­ nate to have the Federation's 27,000 acute powers of observing things and people dent of the New Jersey State Associa­ members' involvement and dedication and her self-contained character. An eager tion of the Benevolent and Protective directed toward solving the energy student, she taught herself Latin and math­ Order of the Elks.e needs of our State. Their volunteer ematics at an early age. She attended a spirit is what has enabled our country country school for a short time and then to overcome past difficulties and will her parents sent her to West Poultney, Ver­ ENERGY AMERICAN STYLE mont, to the Troy Conference certainly lead the way for solving Academy. Because of her father's business future problems.e reverses Mary had to supplement her at­ HON. BILL CHAPPELL, JR. tendance at school from age fifteen with OF FLORIDA TRIBUTE TO MARY HARRIS teaching. She taught first at the Academy, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES later at the Fort Edwards Collegiate THOMPSON Institute where she completed her pre-pro­ Tuesday, April27, 1982 fessional education, as well as at public e Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, I school. In her spare time-which suggests would like to bring to my colleague's HON. CARDISS COLLINS good organization-Mary studied astrono­ attention a program in the State of OF ILLINOIS my, chemistry, physiology, and anatomy. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES She successfully introduced the latter two Florida which deserves special recogni­ into the course of instruction at several of tion for its accomplishments in the Tuesday, April27, 1982 these schools. field of energy awareness and conser­ e Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois. Mr. Indeed, the desire to improve her teaching vation. SiTice 1978, the Florida Federa­ Speaker, today I invite my colleagues of these two subjects led Mary to enter the tion of Women's Clubs has sponsored to join me in paying tribute to Mary New England Female Medical College in "Energy American Style," a volun­ Harris Thompson, the first women Boston. Dr. Marie Zakrzewska, the moving teer awareness/education/conserva­ physician in Chicago and the founder and enlivening force behind the College, tion program to promote a better un­ had come to this country from Germany as of the Mary Thompson Hospital in a midwife. With considerable difficulty she derstanding of our energy needs; and Chicago, Ill. overcame the language barrier and gained a what can be done to meet them. For The hospital observes its Founders medical education and hospital experience. the past 4 years, this program has ac­ Day from May 3 to May 8, 1982, to cel­ She knew the importance of practical, pa­ tively engaged local citizens and offi­ ebrate the 117th year since the hospi­ tient-oriental medical education, and that cials alike in effective energy policy tal first opened its doors on May 8, was what she and her colleagues provided in debate. This fruitful exchange of ideas 1865, and to proudly recognize its Boston. Mary caught this fervor and decid­ has enabled local communities to de­ founder, Mary Harris Thompson, for ed to make medicine her life's work. velop and implement cost-saving con­ After completing medical college Mary her devotion to the establishment of a went to New York for a year's internship servation programs which contribute hospital for women and children, es­ under Drs. Emily and Elizabeth Blackwell at to the greater energy independence of tablishing the Women's Medical Col­ the New York Infirmary for Women and our Nation as a whole. In 1978, Eve lege of Chicago, and for her contribu­ Children. It had been the Blackwells who Norton, FFWC's outgoing president, tion to the medical sciences. had come to Marie Zakrzewska's aid at a introduced the concept of "Energy Mary Thompson Hospital is commit­ crucial moment. While in New York Mary American Style" and placed it under ted to the unique tradition of serving a also attended clinical lectures at Bellevue the leadership of Mrs. Charles Berg­ great population of poor and working Hospital. man, of Orange Park, Fla. In 1979, class women and children who would Mary returned to Boston in 1863 to re­ through Mrs. Bergman's able direc­ ceive her M.D. degree. The question then not otherwise have received the neces­ arose, where should she practice? She elimi­ tion, the program had expanded to 189 sary care they needed, and continues nated Boston, New York, and Philadelphia projects and at the close of 1981, in­ to expand its outpatient services and since those cities already had women physi­ cluded over 858 such projects with the specialized clinics. cians and she did not wish to compete. She participation of some 330 statewide I would like to share with my col­ wanted a growing city that could provide clubs. leagues an article on Mary Harris both the opportunity and the need for her 7910 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 services. These requirements all pointed to After these two setbacks Dr. Byford sug­ m1ss1onary doctors. Among the early out­ Chicago. gested to Dr. Thompson that a women's standing graduates was Sarah Hackett Ste­ Dr. Thompson arrived in Chicago on July medical college might well be established in venson, valedictorian of the class of 1874. 3, 1863; except for brief trips and vacations conjunction with her hospital. This required Dr. Thompson did not accept a place on she spent the rest of her life here. At this a faculty, space, and financial support. Dr. the College's faculty when it reorganized in time Chicago had three hospitals: Mercy, Byford called the first meeting of interested 1877 and severed its connections with the St. Luke's, and the Marine. None of them individuals for August 2 at his office, 62 Hospital. Instead she turned her full atten­ had women on the medical staff and the State Street. Six physicians joined Byford tion to the Hospital. Dr. Thompson's repu­ last did not accept them as patients. Howev­ and Thompson and a faculty was composed tation as a surgeon began to grow and she er, the city was expanding son received the title of Professor of Hy­ form major surgery. The Hospital's new SO­ as disabled soldiers and their families moved giene; she later (1884-86) served as Clinical bed building, opened on the Adams and in seeking opportunities beyond those they Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Paulina site in 1885, gave her increased op­ were likely to find in the more established the hospital. Interestingly, in terms of the portunities for surgery and hospital treat­ cities of the east. The new arrivals also in­ school's future, Erastus 0. Haven to afford a home for women and dismissed all who could walk and had three cyst illustrates the indecision common to children among the respectable poor in need helpless individuals transferred to a private that time over using the metric or the avoir­ of medical and surgical treatment; 2) to home beyond Lincoln Park. The fire de­ dupois systems. Dunglison's Dictionary for maintain a free dispensary for these women stroyed the hospital, the school, and then 1874 defines a "myriagramme" as 10,000 and children; and 3) to train competent moved speedily past the Park. The three pa­ grammes or a little over 22 pounds. Linear nurses. The Hospital's building at Rush and tients were safely moved again, this time measurements in this paper are in centime­ Indiana had 14 beds and a two-room dispen­ out into the prairie; their short-stay home ters but temperatures are in Fahrenheit sary. During the Hospital's first year 756 pa­ went up in flames before sunset. at ately as "the little barn". The dispensary re­ caused this deformity? The patient reported graduation in 1870. The other three women, opened that same year, and the training that at the ages of four and six years she however, were refused readmission in the school for nurses began in 1874. This grew had fallen downstairs: "Soon after the latter fall of 1870 because the male students rapidly and its graduates were eagerly accident, the beginning of the deformity, claimed that certain clinical materials and sought. The College developed steadily with and two broken ribs were noticed, but noth­ observations had been omitted because the its graduates serving creditably both in this ing was done except to make her dress a women were present. country and in several countries overseas as means of concealment of the former." April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7911 On August 27, 1881, 48 pounds of "the Two of the three patients died; Dr. Thomp­ months a little individual susceptible of characteristic gray ovarian fluid" were re­ son did not report the outcome of the third human disease, but with little more lan­ moved. After the operation the New York Times editorials are NATING OUR INNER CITIES unique because it offers a variety of services missing is that leaving the rulemaking proc­ FROM WITHIN to the whole family as well as providing my ess in the hands of unelected bureaucrats child's education. I will always to be grate­ does not gu&.rantee its purity or freedom ful to this program for giving my daughter from manipulation by the special interests. HON. ED MADIGAN the chance to start her education off in the People have this idea now because for the right direction. last decade or so bureaucrats have seemed OF ILLINOIS HEAD START PARENT, to be idealistic liberals who disregard the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Washington, D.C.e special interests in their zeal to do what is Tuesday, April 27, 1982 right. The only question is whether their e Mr. MADIGAN. Mr. Speaker. the REGULATING THE REGULATORS zeal sometimes is excessive. But it hasn't always been that way, and it won't necessar­ President recently took an important ily be that way in the future. step toward helping to revitalize eco­ We have to remember that while the bu­ nomically depressed urban and rural HON. ELUO'IT H. LEVITAS communities by sending up legislation OF GEORGIA reaucracy is not elected, the top policymak­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers in it are appointed. If various agencies which would establish 75 "enterprise seem to be filled with Naderite zeal, it's be­ zones" across the Nation. H.R. 6009 Tuesday, April 27, 1982 cause liberal politicians in past administra­ would offer special tax and regulatory e Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, some of tions appointed Naderite-type policymakers. incentives for increased economic ac­ the opponents of the congressional The regulatory agencies lag behind the elec­ tivity within these zones, whose princi­ veto express concern that this proce­ tion returns because all posts do not become pal purpose is to create productive. dure will politicize the regulatory rule­ vacant at the same time, but the personal­ meaningful, and lasting jobs for per­ making process and that, they say or ities of these agencies do slowly evolve as sons in blighted areas. Increased eco­ assume, is inherently bad. the personalities at the top are changed. nomic activity would also promote si­ While there are many rebuttals to Those who admire the unfettered liberalism of some contemporary regulators may some­ multaneous improvements in the that criticism. Robert Akerman, col­ day be dismayed by the unfettered conserv­ social climate within enterprise zones. umnist for the Atlanta Journal. re­ Mr. Speaker, this legislation consti­ cently wrote a piece which effectively atism of another crop of regulators. In the 1920s there was a widespread feel­ tutes a fresh, positive, long-term, demolishes that argument against the ing among liberals that the agencies set up effort to address the problems con­ congressional veto power. Mr. Aker­ in the Progressive era had been captured by fronting our distressed cities and the man puts the issue into its historic the special interests they were supposed to structurally unemployed. It would aid perspective as well as in the context of regulate. As Vernos Louis Farrington put it, Federal incentives for more jobs and our constitutional framework of elect­ "Wherever power is lodged, a great struggle increased investment at the poorest ed representative government. for control and use of that power fol­ areas of the United States, and de­ As always, the simple question lows. . . . The stronger the state, the more serves our support. I am happy to join emerges and controls: Who should serviceable it becomes to the exploiting as a cosponsor of H.R. 6009, and would make the laws that govern us-the class.... We must have a political state also like to bring to the attention of elected representatives of the people powerful enough to deal with corporate the House a recent Research Commit­ or the unelected bureaucrats? wealth, but how are we going to keep that tee review of the administration's Mr. Akerman's column of April 26, state with its augmenting power from being plan. I believe this paper provides a 1982, is so clear. so incisive, and so per­ captured by the force we want it to con­ useful summary of this important pro­ tinent that I want to place it in the trol?" posal, and ask unanimous consent that CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and urge my The same thing had happened a genera­ it be inserted in the REcoRD at this colleagues to read his words. tion earlier with the Interstate Commerce point. REGULATING THE REGULATORS Commission, which was set up in a period of ENTERPRISE ZoNEs: REJUVENATING OuR protest against high freight rates but which ended up protecting the railroads from the INNER CITIES FRoM WITHIN An editorial in the New York Times ac­ for enterprise zones, estab­ as a general concept transcends party lines, again attractive to small businesses so that lish criteria to determine what areas would agreement on certain specific components productive, permanent jobs can be created. be eligible for this package, and then invite will no doubt prove more elusive once the This is the central objective of an "entre­ state and local governments to draw bound­ Administration's plan comes before the prise zone": a geographic area with specified aries for potential zones and compete for House. Here is a cursory outline of the boundaries that would offer special govern­ designations from the Secretary of HUD. President's expected proposal: ment incentives The major criteria during the selection Federal tax relief for economic activity within the zone. In process would be <1 > the quality and The major features of the federal tax simplest terms, it constitutes a means of strength of the incentives to be contributed package would be: stimulating development in depressed areas to the proposed zones by the sponsoring by fostering, through tax and regulatory state and local governments, and <2> the A nonrefundable after a zone is designated. A cap solutions or easy answers, we know we can't terprise zone designations within their bor­ would be imposed on wages to which the continue promoting more of the same." This ders. credit would apply in order to skew this in­ study will examine the rationale behind this Thus, instead of parachuting a pre-de­ centive towards the hiring of low- and new approach towards the problems beset­ signed package into a community, the Ad­ middle-income workers. ting our cities, and will also highlight the ministration's plan would put into place a An additional nonrefundable income tax Administration's expected proposal. _ flexible program which local officials and credit to employers for wages paid to "disad­ THE PURPOSE OF ENTERPRISE ZONES residents could mold to fit the nation's vantaged" individuals hired after the zone recent adaptation of one of society's oldest stances. This approach essentially seeks to designation. This credit would strongly en­ economic policy instruments, the free trade revitalize our urban areas and rural towns courage employers to hire and train the zone. Their principal purpose is to create­ from within, both socially and economically, structurally unemployed. by sparking new economic activity which by allowing area businessmen and residents A nonrefundable income tax credit to em­ otherwise would not have occurred at all, to choose for themselves what types of eco­ ployees for wages earned in zone employ­ anywhere-productive, meaningful, and last­ nomic activity to engage in. Beneath this re­ ment. This would help low-income workers ing jobs for persons in depressed areas. central planning lies economic common prohibitively high marginal tax rates con­ Enterprise zones are also intended to pro­ sense: if owners and workers have a direct fronting recipients of income assistance, and mote simultaneous improvements in the stake in a business, they will especially want would also induce greatly-needed skilled social climate within depressed cities. Pover­ to protect and nurture it. Such an approach workers to accept positions in zone firms. ty in urban areas appears to be intertwined would also allow a broad base of service and The elimination of capital gains taxes with other pressing urban problems such as retail establishments to arise naturally. stemming from zone property actively uti­ crime, housing, and physical decay. Econom­ Enterprise zones also involve a dramatic lized by zone businesses. ic rejuvenation would go far towards curing departure from traditional HUD funding The designation of suitable enterprise these social ills. methods. Historically, the federal govern­ zones as Foreign Trade Zones, providing sig­ Urban specialists welcome the inherent ment has offered pre-selected businesses nificant relief from tariffs and import emphasis in enterprise zones on rendering "up-front" seed money: grants and loans duties. the economic climate in depressed areas which are put up at high risk with the hope more favorable to the small entrepreneur. The continued availability of Industrial of success. In contrast, under the enterprise Development Bonds to small zone business­ The MIT Program on Neighborhood and zone approach tax obligations would be for­ Regional Change, which studied over 5.5 es even if this program is discontinued else­ given only after the desired results-in­ where. This provision would help entrepre­ million businesses from 1969 to 1976, has creased investment and the creation of convincingly shown that small businesses neurs secure start-up capital. jobs-had actually taken place. The Treas­ Allowing zone firms to carry over both op­ provide precisely the types of jobs most ap­ ury Department estimates that the cost of propriate for the young, unskilled work erating losses and tax credits for the life of 25 enterprise zones in 1983 would be $310 the zone or 15 years, whichever is longer. force of the inner city; it also determined million in reduced tax revenue; the total that approximately two-thirds of all new This would allow young firms with little or cost of the program would increase propor­ no profit TEXAS ... We have all come to agree that the "shopsteading" programs, which would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fundamental changes are essential ... if we make abandoned buildings available for pur­ are to avoid a serious breakdown of the chase at extremely reasonable prices to Tuesday, April 27, 1982 world economy in the decades of the eight­ businessmen who promised to renovate • Mr. LELAND. Mr. Speaker, a recent ies and nineties, and to give it a new stimu­ them within a specified period. study prepared by the Congressional lus to function in the interest of all the State and local governments could also di­ world's people. rectly fund redevelopment efforts in zones. Research Service reveals since 1954, For example, business groups have indicated the United States has spent $32 billion Compelled by these concerns, Mr. that it would be especially beneficial for to purchase 292 million metric tons of GILMAN and I have introduced legisla­ local and state governments to work togeth­ domestic farm products for use as for­ tion to establish the Select Committee er with private insurance agencies to devel­ eign aid food. An additional $2.3 bil­ on Hunger, House Resolution 424. We op a special pooled-risk insurance program lion has been spent to transport the believe that a Select Committee on for zone businessmen, since the cost and dif­ donated food aid and an extra $1.042 Hunger can be the appropriate vehicle ficulty of obtaining such protection signifi­ billion has been spent to pay for the cantly inhibits redevelopment. Communities to best address and focus on the would also be able to apply Community De­ added cost of transporting conces­ hunger problem both on the domestic velopment Block Grant, Urban Develop­ sional aid in higher priced U.S. vessels. and international front. The select ment Action Grant, and Revenue Sharing This year, transportation costs will committee would serve as a mecha­ funds towards zone projects. Indeed, it have nearly one-fourth of the total nism for assessing hunger issues in a should be emphasized that enterprise zones program. Almost 40 percent of the comprehensive manner-issues that 7916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 currently cut across the jurisdiction of ercise responsible leadership and to N.C. The sponsors of this $350 million a number of standing committees. act in a concrete fashion to improve project, titled "First Colony," are the The select committee's principal ob­ our economic situation. Energy Transition Corp., Koppers Co. jective would be to fashion from its as­ H.R. 1799 would, in effect, create a . carved through hard rock. The intent was The launch of Soviet missiles would tng­ the same each time; to confer invulnerabil­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. ger warnings at a mesa in Colorado. In nu­ ity. But the Pentagon leadership concluded OF CALIFORNIA merous bunkers buried far below the sur­ either that the missiles would be vulnerable, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES face crews of several hundred people would that construction would be impossible, or be ~lerted to prepare for the impending that the system would simply cost too Tuesday, April 27, 1982 attack. Some would step from the bunkers much. Some Air Force officials refer to deep e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. into adjacent tunnels and activate power underground missile basing by the acronym, Speaker, recent reports, including one generators. Enormous earth-boring ma­ DUMB. which I will place in the RECORD at the chines would be maneuvered into position. Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger conclusion of these remarks, describe a Stacks of nuclear missiles would be ar­ is intrigued by the idea's promise. He first ranged to withstand vibration. became interested last summer, after read­ new interest by the House and Senate Within minutes, dozens of Soviet war­ ing the report of the Townes panel, a group Armed Services Committees in so­ heads would explode on the mesa's surface of experts appointed to provide missile­ called doomsday weapons. A doomsday in a futile attempt to rupture the tunnels, basing advice. According to Charles Townes, weapon is one which is used after a eliminate the crews, and destroy the mis­ a physicist who chaired the panel, the con­ total nuclear war. It is the type of siles. When the attack has diminished, cept was viewed as a means to provide "a strategic nuclear weapon which, if crews would use the boring machines to strategic reserve-the capability to pose a carve through the mesa's hard rock and the threat to the Soviets after an initial ex­ ever deployed and used, would make rubble created by nuclear blasts. Within Jonathan Schell's book on the end of change." anywhere from a day to a week, paths would Critics correctly point out that this capa­ the human race a primer on the be cleared to the surface. The missiles bility is now furnished by missile-carrying future. would be transported outside, hoisted verti­ submarines and by cruise missiles deployed The concept of doomsday weapons, cally, and-as a weapon of last resort-fired on long-range bombers, each capable of sur­ that there can be winners in even a at any remaining traces of military power or viving a preemptive strike. But advocates of total nuclear war where everyone uses civilian life in the Soviet Union. the deep-basing scheme envision a strategic everything they have got, has long "It sounds bizarre. Maybe it is bizarre, a reserve that would last much longer than been the subject of fiction writers. lot bizarre," says Eugene Sevin, a scientist bombers and subs in a postwar environment. at the Defense Nuclear Agency on the out­ "No one really knows how long we need to Twenty years ago, the book and movie, skirts of Washington, D.C. Sevin and many "On The Beach," made many think of survive in a postattack environment," says others have been examining this script at Colonel Randall McDonald, a military as­ this stark concept. Even more stark the request of President Reagan, who is sistant in the branch of the Pentagon re­ was the book, "Triumph," written by convinced that the United States must find sponsible for deep underground systems. Philip Wylie and published in 1962. new ways to protect its land-based missiles "But we need a period of survival and en­ The plot of "Triumph" has the United from Soviet attack. One idea, of three being durance long enough to ensure that we will States and the Soviet Union engage in considered for construction by 1990, is to have a large chip to play in that environ­ a total nuclear war, along with our hide the missiles so far beneath the earth's ment, in order to prevent coercion by the surface that the Soviets could have no hope enemy." He estimates that a strategic re­ allies. The resulting radiation destroys of destroying them, and would therefore nearly all life in the northern hemi­ serve should be capable of existing for at never try. least a year after the start of a nuclear war. sphere, partly due to the use of dirty Although the idea seems simple enough, it The system might be used at any moment bombs. But the Russians have secret could easily become a technical nightmare during the year, but probably not until bombshelters and hidden n'.lclear and a financial albatross. A host of new other weapons had been decimated. weapons, their doomsday weapons, technologies-ranging from tunnel-boring To believe that a cache of nuclear weap­ which slowly dig out of the rubble. machines to fuel cell power plants in one ons might be useful a year after a general The triumph comes when the U.S. concept, and from sand fluidization to ex­ nuclear war requires considerable imagina­ plosive drilling in another-would be allied tion. Millions of people would be dead or doomsday weapons also emerge, and for the first time in an environment where dying, and most useful industries woul~ be destroy the last of the Soviets. repair is awkward and the failure of any one Philip Wylie wrote more than one destroyed. The surface of the earth might item could be crucial. If the underground even be uninhabitable. "Deep underground book on nuclear war, and in each he sites are unmanned, as some weapons ana­ basing for ICBM's has a perceptible dooms­ vividly described the horrors of nucle­ lysts have proposed, it would be difficult to day flavor to it, even in the doomsday world ar blasts and the insidiousness of radi­ assure that the missiles could be raised to of strategic force planning," concedes R. ation. He served as an expert consult­ the surface after an attack. On the other James Woolsey, a former under secretary of ant with the Federal Civil Defense Ad­ hand, if the underground sites are manned, the Navy who served on the Townes panel. ministration from 1949 to 1971, and the system would be extremely costly-per­ "Nonetheless, it may contain some interest­ haps as much as $50 billion. Even after such ing possibilities to enhance survivability." helped educate people to the futility an enormous expense, the military would of civil defense. Those who today I think we ought to look at this from the find it hard to guarantee that the system military point of view. Supposing the Russ­ argue that a nuclear war can be easily could not be defeated. Yet the Pentagon kies stashed away some big bombs, and we survived, and won, should go back and feels anxious enough about the threat to its didn't. When they came out in 100 years, review the reasons we got away from missiles to leave no rock unturned. The so­ they could take over.-General Buck Tur­ this fiction. called "deep underground" missile-basing gidson, in "Dr. Strangelove." Doomsday weapons, of course, look method is being examined for a year and a Two principal underground systems are beyond total nuclear war to the victo­ half at a projected cost of $150 million. being analyzed in depth by the Reagan Ad­ The concept has so far attracted little at­ ministration. One, conceived in 1972, would ry, or triumph. I am pleased a healthy tention, despite its highly unusual qualities. debate has begun on the utility of civil operate without human assistance and Funds for its examination were approved by would permit the missiles to be retrieved defense in case of a nuclear war. Now the House and Senate Armed Services com­ fairly quickly, in a matter of hours not days we should examine why we are plan­ mittees after a minimal amount of discus­ after a decision had been made by the Presi­ ning doomsday weapons. sion. About the only place where its poten­ dent or his successors to use them. As ex­ Mr. Speaker, at this time, I wish to tial failings are understood is the Air Force, plained by Lieutenant Colonel Carl Rule, place hi the RECORD a recent article where deep underground systems in one the air Force's director of advanced missile from Science magazine on this topic. form or another have been considered and basing, "Slow reaction time has always been rejected at least 9 times in 20 years, and a drawback of the deep-basing method." A The article follows: where there is little enthusiasm for another [From the Science magazine, Apr. 23, 19821 capability for quick missile retrieval permits look. Under its "Brimstone" plan in the late the military to react swiftly to the latest A DOOMSDAY PLAN FOR THE 1990's 1960's, for example, the Air Force pondered battlefield developments, he says.

89-059 0-85-33 (Pt. 6) 7924 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 Street Journal carried an extensive op­ Mr. Speaker, I request that my Jan­ Laboratories from the world literature. The uary 29, 1982, letter to the editor of committee unanimously concluded that ed piece containing the false and mali­ none of the 33 studies was "adequate and cious charge that the primary objec­ the Wall Street Journal be included at well controlled." Federal law and FDA regu­ tive of oversight hearing held in 1974 this point for the information of my lations require a minimum of two such stud­ by the House Intergovernmental Rela­ colleagues and other readers of the ies to demonstrate "substantial evidence" of tions and Human Resources Subcom­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. effectiveness before a new drug or a new use mittee was to destroy the Director of The letter follows: for an existing drug may be approved. the Food and Drug Administration's HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, INTER­ (3) Despite the lack of acceptable studies Bureau of Drugs. The author of that GOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS AND to satisfy the legal requirements, FDA­ article, who took great liberties with HUMAN RESOURCES SUBCOMMITTEE under heavy pressure from within the medi­ the facts, apparently dislikes both the OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERN­ cal profession-approved propranolol for MENT OPERATIONS, angina on September 4, 1973. To help sup­ statutory requirements which Con­ Washington, D.C., January 29, 1982. port this decision, the Advisory Committee gress has established for the approval ROBERT L. BARTLEY, was asked at its April 1973 meeting to draft of new drugs and the subcommittee's Editor, The Wall Street Journal, labeling recommendations for use of the efforts to hold FDA accountable for New York, N.Y. drug in clinical practice pending the avail­ enforcing the law. DEAR MR. BARTLEY: I will appreciate your ability of better information from the stud­ I responded to this reckless and printing the following letter at your earliest ies then in progress. The commitee complied wholly unfounded attack on the integ­ opportunity in response to the article by with FDA's request and voted, in a split de­ Harry Schwartz which appeared in your cision, to recommend "tentative approval" rity of the subcommittee by sending a paper last Friday. That article misrepresent­ letter to the editor on January 29, re­ for the cautious use of propranolol. What ed the facts and also maligned the subcomit­ this group of medical experts did not know, questing it be printed in the Journal tee which I chair. because they were not properly instructed at the earliest opportunity in order to Thank you for your prompt attention to by FDA officials, is that the law does not set the record straight. this matter. permit "tentative approval" or labeling for a When my letter had been neither Sincerely, new drug use until the "substantial evi­ printed nor acknowledged by April 1, L. H. FOUNTAIN, dence" requirement has been met. Chairman. the subcommittee staff phoned the cc: Frederick Taylor, Executive Editor. (4) Dr. Crout testified in the subcommit­ editor for an explanation. His secre­ tee hearings that he had personally evaluat­ tary promised to bring. the matter to TEXT OF LETTER ed the 33 clinical studies rejected by the Ad­ the editor's attention, with the result The January 22, 1982 issue of the Journal visory Committee and had found 13 of them that we received a reply more than 2 carried an OpEd piece by Harry Schwartz adequate and well-controlled investigations. ("A Heart Drug's Long Road to the Market­ He said, however, that he made no record of weeks later saying "It seems a bit late place") which contains the false and mali­ his evaluations and did not discuss them now to resume this debate." The letter cious charge that the "primary objective" of with other FDA personnel. In overruling added, however, that if I wanted to hearings held in 1974 by the House the Advisory Committee's scientific judg­ send the Journal a shorter letter they Intergovernmental Relations and Human ment, Dr. Crout evidently made a "one­ would "consider" printing it. Resources Subcommittee "was the destruc­ man" decision despite FDA's repeated assur­ Mr. Speaker, this is not the first tion of Dr. J. Richard Crout," who then ances that regulatory decisions on new time that I have experienced this kind headed FDA's Bureau of Drugs. Nothing drugs are "institutional" decisions. That Dr. of irresponsible and discourteous could be further from the truth. The sole Crout had not disputed the Advisory Com­ treatment from the editorial staff of a purpose of the investigations conducted by mittee's findings before approving propran­ this subcommittee is to obtain the facts for olol six months earlier is corroborated by major newspaper. I had a very similar evaluating the legality, propriety and effi­ his discussion of this matter with the com­ experience in August 1978 when the ciency of management in those Federal mittee on February 28, 1974, in preparation Washington Post ran a very biased agencies assigned to the subcommittee for for the subcommittee's hearings held the and distorted editorial criticizing me oversight. following week. Dr. Crout informed the personally and the subcommittee for As part of a broad examination of FDA's committee that its "tentative approval" of voting down President Carter's $1 bil­ use of outside advisory committees, the sub­ propranolol was not a possible option, that lion a year supplementary fiscal assist­ committee carefully reviewed the agency's the committee should have documented for ance proposal. Like the Wall Street approval of propranolol for treating angina FDA the individual studies found to be ade­ pectoris, since an advisory committee had quate and well-controlled. It is clear from Journal, the Washington Post refused been involved in this decision. The essential the verbatim record of this meeting both to print my reply to the editorial. In facts established by the subcommittee, and that Dr. Crout did not identify even one fact, the Post compounded its discussed in the hearings to which Mr. clinical study that he believed met the sub­ irresponsibility by subsequently refus­ Schwartz refers, are as follows: stantial evidence requirement, and that he ing to print an abbreviated response (1) In April 1970, FDA convened a five­ was not conversant with the committee's written at the Post's suggestion and man Ad Hoc Committee of nongovernmen­ earlier rejection of all 33 studies. tailored to its specifications. So much tal experts to consider the data bearing on The Congress enacts laws to protect the for decency and fair play. the safety and effectiveness of propranolol public, and no individual or agency is privi­ Mr. Speaker, it is an intolerable situ­ for the treatment of angina. This was done leged to disregard the Nation's legal prohi­ in response to a request by the sponsor bitions or requirements. If propranolol had ation when the editorial pages of our for a hearing after newspapers can attack and distort the turned out to be a dangerous drug, as has FDA had notified the company that its new been the case with some other FDA-ap­ work of a congressional committee and drug application was not approvable. proved products, I am confident that Mr. then deny that committee an opportu­ The Ad Hoc Committee, which concluded Schwartz would not have written his article. nity to correct the record. I believe that the sponsor's clinical evidence was in­ Hindsight, however, is not an appropriate that any individual or oraganization adequate, was particularly concerned by evi­ basis either for praising or criticizing FDA's treated unfavorably in the editorial dence that congestive heart failure was pre­ performance. This can be done legitimately pages should have the right to re­ cipitated in patients treated with proprano­ only in the context of the evidence that ex­ lol. The sponsor was then invited to perform isted when the agency made its decision. spond, and that newspapers have a additional clinical studies. moral obligation to print that re­ (2) While the requested studies were still Journal readers interested in history sponse on a timely basis. Common underway, FDA decided to reconsider this rather than fiction are invited to consult courtesy and fair play demand no less. matter because the use of propranolol for House Report No. 94-787, entitled "Use of While I strongly support a free press treating angina was becoming widespread. Advisory Committees by the Food and Drug as an essential bulwark for a demo­ Propranolol was readily available to physi­ Administration", for a factual account of cians since it had been approved earlier for FDA's handling of the propranolol NDA for cratic society, I believe it is equally im­ cardiac arrhythmias. In April 1973, FDA's angina. portant that the rights and privileges seven-member Cardiovascular and Renal L. H. FOUNTAIN, accorded the press be exercised with a Advisory Committee was convened to evalu­ Chairman, Intergovernmental Relations sense of responsibility and regard for ate 33 clinical studies on the use of propran­ and Human Resources Subcommit­ the rights of individuals. olol in treating angina selected by Ayerst tee.• April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7925 IDA NUDEL'S BIRTHDAY­ publicly when·her government repudi­ region were still Dutch and they met today APRIL 27 ated its obligations under internation­ to found a Low Dutch Reformed Church. al agreements to allow freedom of The Rev. George Michael Weiss had ac­ travel and freedom of religious expres­ cepted their call and had come today to be HON. GERALDINE A. FERRARO sion. installed by the Rev. Petrus van Driesen of OF NEW YORK For this she was punished, and for Albany. A University of Heidelberg gradu­ ate, Domine Weiss, age 32, although High IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this she is still being punished. Within days after her return to Moscow from Dutch, could make himself understood in Tuesday, April 27, 1982 Siberia, she was taken to Moscow Low Dutch. He agreed to preach twice each eMs. FERRARO. Mr. Speaker, today police headquarters where she was Sunday, 30 Sundays a year in Katskill and marks the 51st birthday of Ida Nudel, 22 in Kochshakie. The congregation agreed warned that she better surrender her to pay him 50 lbs. a year, to build him a par­ a Soviet Jewish prisoner of conscience dream of emigration and get a job and sonage, and to provide a good saddle horse, whose dignified courage in the face of settle down. years of persecution and imprison­ free firewood, and land for a garden. But we know Ida will not surrender Immediately following the installation ment has made her an inspiration to her dream. She will continue to fight service, Domine Weiss conducted an election millions who cherish the cause of for her freedom, and we must continue to choose consistory members, three elders human rights. to fight with her.e and three deacons. Within a year and a half, In June 1978, Ida Nudel was arrested a church building had been erected in West after she hung a banner from her Coxsackie and another in old Katskill Moscow apartment reading, "KGB, in 1712, agreed to un­ even more." 1650, the people of the Greene County dertake theological studies in The Nether­ Now, then, this is a critical time in area of New York have assembled to lands and then return to serve this church, read the Scriptures and sing the if the congregation could help him finance the life of Ida Nudel and her quest for the trip. They paid his passage and he re­ freedom. While we are delighted that Psalms. In 1732, 250 years ago, the First Reformed Church of what was turned, an ordained minister, in 1753. For Ida no longer lives in a Siberian the next 41 years, until his death in 1794, prison, we will not be content until she then called Kochshackie was orga­ nized and the first pastor called. through war and peace, Domine Schuneman is allowed to leave the Soviet Union led the Reformed Low Dutch Church of and be reunited with her sister in On May 13 of this year, the mem­ bers of the First Reformed Church, of Katskill and Coxsackie. Israel. Said to have been short and corpulent Those of us who are privileged to West Coxsackie, will be celebrating with a powerful voice, Schuneman believed enjoy the freedom Ida yearns for 250 years of spreading the Good Word in and worked for an American church free cannot relax our vigil on her behalf. and ministering to the spiritual health from domination by the mother church in We must coordinate our efforts to per­ of the community. The Netherlands, and for an American suade Soviet authorities to grant Ida In many ways, the history of the nation free from England. During the Revo­ an exit visa. She has suffered enough. First Reformed Church is the history lutionary War, when his fiery patriotism In Siberia, Ida lived in a wooden bar­ of America. As we hear of how the made him hated by the local Tories, he kept racks as the lone woman in a 50-man congregation struggled to maintain its his trusty rifle at his side both when he swamp-draining crew. Huge rats independence and religious liberty, we rode through the wilderness and when he prowled the dormitory, while outside, are reminded of how all Americans preached in the pulpit. swarms of mosquitos made breathing have struggled to make America great. After his death, another three years fol­ difficult. Rev. Frederick Musson, the current lowed without a minister. But in 1797 Cox­ Jews and non-Jews alike share the pastor of First Reformed Church, has sackie was able to obtain, jointly with Coey­ forwarded to me an account of the mans, the Rev. Jacob Sickles, and Katskill, hope that Ida will celebrate her 52d soon after, called the Rev. Peter Labagh birthday in Israel, where she can prac­ early history of the church. I am asking that it be inserted into the jointly with Oak Hill. Thus the original tice her religion without fear of har­ church went in two separate ways. Within assment. By giving support to her cru­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and I com­ another 45 years, it had become our present sade, we repay her for the inspiration mend it to your attention. six independent churches, their services had her courage provides and we demon­ The early history follows: changed from the Dutch language to Eng­ strate our unbending commitment to EARLY HISTORY OF THE CHURCH lish, and their parishioners were Yankee as others like her who dare to challenge We do not know in whose home they met well as Dutch-descended. Eventually, over the oppressive Soviet regime. on February 25, 1732, but we do know from local protests, the denomination dropped The Soviet courts convicted Ida where they had come. By horse, ox and sled, the word Dutch from its official name, but they had traveled from the Maquas Kill on we still cherish our Dutch beginnings. Nudel of "malicious hooliganism" for the north and the Embought on the south, hanging that paper banner from her from the Potick on the west and the banks All six Reformed Churches of apartment, but Americans know that of the Hudson on the east. Representative Greene County join together to cele­ Ida did nothing more than express a of perhaps 30 scattered families in this brate the 250th anniversary of the simple personal request. She is not a sparsely settled area, most of them were founding of First Reformed Church. I criminal; as she put it, "I am not a de­ second or third generation American, Low ask all Members of Congress to join linquent. I did not kill or rob. I did not Dutch . Reformed Churches in Greene right of Jews to leave Russia." Although England had governed the New County.e No, Ida Nudel is no criminal. She is York colony for almost 70 years, the lan­ simply a woman who dared complain guage and the customs of the people in this 7926 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS verse, the people of the universe, and our in Social Security that everyone had to place in the universe can we progress. pay). Since 1976, the amount of taxes col­ VOICE OF DEMOCRACY SCHOL­ Furthermore, we must believe and invest lected has doubled, and under former presi­ ARSHIP CONTEST FIRST-PLACE in our country as our forefathers did. We dent Jimmy Carter, it was scheduled to have AWARD TO MISS LISA J. HON­ must invest in the future in order to build a increased another 14 percent a year through EYCUTT strong economy. Also, we must keep our 1986. At that rate it wouldn't be long before monetary system stable in order to get a every worker would have been paying 50 grip on inflation and expand business. Only cents out of every dollar he made to the fed­ HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL with business expansion can we build for eral government, a tax bracket that until a OF NORTH CAROLINA the future and in the process help the eco­ few years ago was occupied only by the very IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nomically deprived. rich. As individuals we must unite in order to Too much government spending is the pri­ Tuesday, April 27, 1982 protect our freedom from the perils of com­ mary culprit, of course. But the other e Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, it is munism and fascism. United we will have reason is inflation, which produces bracket­ my privilege to share with my col­ the capabilities to withstand these adversi­ creep; every time you got a raise to enable ties. Just as the diverse nationalities merged you to cope with rising prices, you automati­ leagues the text of an award-winning in early America to form the "melting pot" cally were shoved into a higher tax bracket. speech from a constituent of mine that was to become the greatest democracy This always hurts the low and middle from Drexel, N.C., Miss Lisa J. Honey­ of all time, so must we merge to build a income people the most because at the low cutt. better America.e end of the tax charts, the brackets are Miss Honeycutt's speech was entered closer together. into the Voice of Democracy contest, Last year President Reagan and a some­ and was awarded first-place prize for CAN TAX CUTS REALLY BE TOO what reluctant Congress cut the tax rates 25 the entries from North Carolina. Her BIG? percent-5 percent the first year, 10 percent speech will now go on to national com­ in each of the next two. For example, next year that man and wife would have to give petition, where first-place honors will the government only 19 cents receive a $14,000 scholarship. HON. ED BETHUNE OF ARKANSAS out of every dollar they earn over $11,900. The contest theme for this year was Even more important, Congress approved "Building America Together." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tax-indexing, which will end bracket creep. Mr. Speaker, the following is Miss Tuesday, April27, 1982 Unless your raise is greater than the in­ Honeycutt's award-winning speech. • Mr. BETHUNE. Mr. Speaker, there crease in inflation, you won't be shoved into SPEECH OF MISS LISA J. HONEYCUTT, 1981-82 a higher tax bracket. At last, it appeared as VFW VOICE OF DEMOCRACY SCHOLARSHIP has been much debate and discussion though the country was moving in the right PROGRAM NORTH CAROLINA WINNER over the possibility of repealing the direction. We can build America together by main­ last year of the ERTA tax rate cut or But now comes the bad news. Both the taining a union of brotherhood in order to imposing a 4-percent surtax· on high­ tax cuts and indexing are in danger of being safeguard our individual rights. These income taxpayers. We have heard repealed. In fact, the Democrats in the Con­ rights were advocated and fought for by from the politicians, the economists, gress have voted to do away with them, and famous men such as Thomas Jefferson, and the lobbyists as to the need for most of the Republicans feel that way, too. Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Paine. Be­ They are beseeching their President to these additional revenues, but we agree to a compromise so the 1983 budget cause of their courage and determination, really need to broaden the debate-to these men can truly be called the forefa­ deficit can be reduced and agreed to next thers of American democracy. get the views from those who will foot month well ahead of when they have to run For example, Thomas Paine once stated the bill. for re-election. that we must maintain freedom of the mind, Mr. Speaker, to provide this perspec­ The latest gimmick for compromise is a freedom of intellect, and freedom of reli­ tive, I would like to share with my col­ surtax on so-called high income people. I gion. He also advocated government partici­ leagues an op-ed which appeared in don't know why this kind of a quick-fix has pation by the individual regardless of his the April 20 issue of the Arkansas Ga­ any attraction because when Lyndon John­ wealth or status in life. Preservation of son tried it in 1968, 1969 and 1970, the GNP zette. The article is entitled, "Can Tax dropped, unemployment increased and by these freedoms can only be accomplished by Cuts Really Be Too Big?" and it very individuals who are dedicated to the cause 1970 the deficit was nearly as high as it had of democracy. eloquently puts forth the views of one been in 1968. A surtax on the well-heeled­ Further preservation can be insured by a concerned taxpayer. in fact, any kind of tax increase-really sound education. For instance, anyone who I insert the article in the RECORD at fouls up the supply-side formula, which, in is a citizen of the United States has the op­ this point. all fairness, hasn't been in operation long portunity to attend school. It is imperative [From the Arkansas Gazette, Apr. 20, 19821 enough for a fair appraisal. that contemporary youth strive for a higher As of yesterday, the President says he and more fulfilling education. Thomas Jef­ CAN TAX CUTS REALLY BE Too BIG? won't give up the cuts or indexing. He's not ferson first proposed an equal education for just being hard-headed; he's really trying to all regardless of wealth or social status. He I don't know about you but when I settled make fundamental changes in this country, saw it as a way to build America and the up with the Internal Revenue Service last to live up to his campaign promise to allow way to create a great democracy. Therefore, week, I felt as though it had gotten too deep us to keep more of what we make. we must take advantage of this education into my pocketbook. Unfortunately, I don't see any way he can that was so valiantly proposed by our fore­ What bothers me nearly as much is that I win because I'm about convinced that a ma­ fathers and use its opportunities to the full­ didn't hear another person complaining jority of people who still vote now believe est. We must remember that today's stu­ about this all week. You used to hear com­ that what they earn really belongs to the dents will be tomorrow's educators and to­ plaints all the time, but now you are likely federal government and not to them. The morrow's leaders. to hear they want ing a better America live on. We must now For example, out of every dollar earned always to be spending more for the poor and look to the future and expand our knowl­ over $11,900 of 1977. While the Union and the United States. skills information; Senate unanimously passed S. 708, the As for the poor, there's plenty of evidence Training and employment opportu­ "Business Accounting and Foreign that increasing welfare and starting expen­ nities for community residents. Trade Simplification Act," last Novem­ sive new programs don't help. Of course, The literacy volunteer program, ber, the House has taken few steps to they help bureaucrats and consultants, etc., but not the poor. which is also in jeopardy, trains volun­ amend one of the most poorly written An apolitical, M.I.T.-trained scholar, teers to teach reading and writing to pieces of legislation we have. The Charles Murray, reported the other day functionally illiterate adults on a 1-on- House Subcommittee on Consumer that while spending on the poor and help­ 1 basis. There are, at present, more Protection, Finance, and Telecom­ less increased 156 percent in the 1970s, than 140 tutors and students meeting munications, chaired by my distin­ there were just as many persons whose cash in seven branches of the Queens Bor­ guished colleague, Congressman income was below the poverty level at the ough Public Library throughout the WIRTH, may hold hearings later this end of the decade as there were at the be­ spring on the FCPA. These hearings ginning-12.8 percent living below the pov­ borough. But, more than 200 people erty level in 1968 and 13 percent below in are still wait-listed for this essential will address the concerns of the pri­ 1980. program. vate sector. As chairman of the House What reduces poverty is a booming econo­ The importance of these programs Export Task Force, I commend Chair­ my, which occurs when Americans are work­ cannot be overstated. Illiteracy and man WIRTH in scheduling these hear­ ing hard and saving or spending their low educational achievement affect us ings and urge adoption of amendments money instead of giving it to Uncle Sam.e all. Adults who cannot read or demon­ which will clarify the FCPA. strate other basic skills cannot con­ Mr. Speaker, the Foreign Corrupt ADMINISTRATION'S IMPOUND- tribute fully to the community or to Practices Act of 1977 was drafted hur­ MENT OF LIBRARY FUNDS the Nation. riedly in response to an incensed JEOPARDIZES THE LANGSTON The Congress has long recognized American public in the aftermath of HUGHES LIBRARY the legitimacy of these programs, and Watergate and numerous instances of it is unconscionable and illegal for the corporate bribery. It passed with little President to withhold these funds as consideration or thought to its poten­ HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL he has done. For 195 days, the admin­ tial consequences in terms of its mean­ OF NEW YORK istration has impounded LSCA funds ing, clarity, and applicability. As a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with total disregard for Congress result, we have today an act which, be­ intent to prohibit the impoundment of cause of its lack of specificity and its Tuesday, April 27, 1982 any funds beyond 45 days. Further­ ambiguous wording, is a major irritant e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, I more, LSCA is a mandatory spending and cost to U.S. business. It is in fact a would like to bring to your attention a program which cannot be subjected to disincentive to American export trade. serious problem which has arisen in a withholding action of any duration. Since its enactment, the FCPA has my congressional district and all On February 5, 1982, the GAO noti­ been steeped in controversy and confu­ across the country because the fied the administration that LSCA sion over what constitutes compliance. Reagan administration has for the withholding was illegal under the American firms have faced numerous past 6% months withheld $22 million fourth disclaimer of the Impoundment problems by complying with the act, in duly appropriated Library Service Control Act <31 U.S.C. section including those related to obtaining and Construction Act funds. 1400(4)), yet OMB continued to block and dealing with agents, contracting The Queens Borough Public Library the act's funding. difficulties, increased operating costs system has relied on a small portion of The Department of Education has for accounting and reporting require­ that appropriation to fund two special informed me that these impounded ments, the lack of flexibility to pro­ programs with great significance to moneys were to be released as of vide legitimate gifts, and overcautious- 7928 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 ness in attempting to comply with the cost this country legitimate foreign With the population and develop­ act due to its ambiguity. As a result of business which Congress never intend­ ment explosion which occurred in the these problems, U.S. firms have fore­ ed to curtail. Hence, the act, in its southern half of the State in recent gone some apparently legitimate ex­ present form, has had a chilling effect years, Redondo Beach has become ports, avoided some markets, and on legitimate business opportunities known as a resort community with ex­ opted to play subordinate contracting and a negative effect on U.S. exports. tensive recreational facilities. A most roles to foreign prime contractors. Foreign companies will continue to notable achievement in the city's Identified by businessmen and attor­ profit at American expense under the quest to accommodate the needs of neys as one of the most significant FCPA. the area's population boom was the export disincentives, the FCPA con­ Maintaining the U.S. position in development of King Harbor. This tains too many uncertainties and am­ international trade is a top priority as multimillion dollar project today has biguities. It is considered a disincen­ we depend more and more on exports moorings for approximately 1,600 tive to export trade because of uncer­ to strengthen our economy and pro­ boats. Located nearby is Seaside tainty within the business community vide jobs for Americans. The United Lagoon, which is a 53,000 square foot about the meaning and application of States is a relatively free market for saltwater swimming pool kept at 80 de­ some of its key provisions. Conduct imports, yet we insist on imposing re­ grees. I might add, Mr. Speaker, that prohibited and conduct permitted is strictive regulations on American com­ the city's Fisherman's Wharf is popu­ often unclear. panies-small and large-when dealing lar to area residents and known The problem of uncertainty is com­ in foreign markets. As one newspaper throughout the southland for its fresh pounded by a lack of guidance from headline summed it: "No Wonder No fish stalls, seafood restaurants, and the enforcement agencies as to proper Exports." souvenir shops. interpretation of the act's provisions. I urge Chairman WIRTH to continue In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, the city This problem in turn is exacerbated by hearings on the Foreign Corrupt Prac­ of Redondo Beach has a proud herit­ the dual enforcement authority of the tices Act and consider new legislation age and is rich in cultural tradition Justice Department and the Securities amending the present act. We must given it by the early inhabitants. It is and Exchange Commission over the take steps to remove those disincen­ not content to rest on past accomplish­ act's payments provisions. tives to exports caused by the FCPA. ments, but instead, eagerly welcomes My distinguished colleague, Con­ The American business community­ the challenges of tomorrow. It has gressman RINALDO, introduced legisla­ our constituents-have the right to been only through strong leadership tion celebrate the 90th anniversary of the a first and second strike Soviet nuclear instead of the ambiguous and overly city's incorporation. attack has raised many eyebrows detailed standard that now exists; vio­ Nestled near the southern end of among defense specialists. It has also lation of the recordkeeping and ac­ Santa Monica Bay-just southwest of generated renewed interest in the counting controls provisions would downtown Los Angeles-Redondo debate over our Nation's military pre­ occur only if it was knowing and will­ Beach has a colorful history and is a paredness, and that of the Soviet ful; jurisdiction for antibribery en­ community which anyone would be Union. Defense Department analysts, forcement would be transferred from proud to be a part of. So that my col­ military historians, and congressional the Securities and Exchange Commis­ leagues can have a better understand­ partisans are preparing for the debate. sion to the Department of Justice; the ing of this fine city, I will take just a Over the next several weeks, the prohibition against bribery of foreign moment to highlight some important Congress will participate in the debate officials is rewritten to clarify what is events which helped shape Redondo by voting on the 1983 Department of permitted and what is not; Depart­ Beach. Defense authorization bill. As we ment of Justice actions to assist with Redondo Beach's roots can be traced begin, I call to the attention of our compliance would include guidelines back to 1854 when Juan Jose Domin­ colleagues a recent interview with describing specific types of conduct guez sold a portion of his "Rancho military historian James F. Dunnigan which would be permissible. In addi­ San Pedro" which later became a part in which he debunks the notion that tion, H.R. 2530 expresses the sense of of the city of Redondo Beach. Upon the Soviet Union's conventional forces Congress in supporting bilateral and its incorporation as a city in 1892, Re­ are superior to our own, and blasts the multilateral agreements on interna­ dondo Beach was recognized by many DOD's procurement policy. tional business practices so that com­ for its rich farming and grazing areas. His message should strike a respon­ petitive disadvantages against U.S. Where year-round temperatures vary sive chord as we begin the difficult business would be eliminated. only slightly, Redondo Beach grew task of judiciously paring back the ad­ Mr. Speaker, despite the law's good rapidly with the advent of the 20th ministration's military budget request. intentions, the statutory ambiguity of century-along with adjacent areas of Dunnigan concludes that our military the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act has southern California. is second to none, and we can keep it April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7929 that way by demanding greater effi­ You made the point in your book that the when he was invited to visit a Russian sub­ ciency and commonsense in our mili­ Russian divisions in Eastern Europe are marine, they gave him the tour and he had primarily occupation troops. his American dosimeter in his pocket. And tary procurement policy. Dunnigan: Right. And you can't go invade when he got back out, he noticed he had Making good use of our defense dol­ somebody else if the cops have their hands taken more radiation than he had in the lars, Mr. Speaker, must be priority full keeping the local bandits in line. And last ten years of being around American No.1. when you consider that the primary Soviet boats. The interview follows: offensive forces are the very ones that are I go into details in the book about the dif­ tied down the most in these police duties, ferences in ship design. They don't give as THE DAY ADMIRAL RicKoVER GoT RADIATED what's left to carry on an attack? much cubage inside their ships. And where ." outrageous. The problem is we don't have can cause a war. Overestimating the threat World Federalists: "Until recently, Bill people in the military who can make intelli­ can cause you to overreact to any move they Wickersham and others have been meeting gent buying decisions. I'm talking about a make. With nuclear weapons, that can be a with Ground Zero to coordinate strategy. good purchasing agent. Let's say we're talk­ fatal overreaction.• : "In 1982 the sources.] they were intended. major program of the Womens Internation­ United Church of Christ, Office for "For under $100,000 in 1982 the Project al League is called STAR-which stands for Church and Society: " ... the [Office] for plans to hold a conference on 'The Taxpay­ 'Stop the Arms Race.' Church and Society and their Peace Advo­ er and National Defense-Are We Getting a [This is the main slogan of the Soviet cacy Project . . . was launched in May of Good Return on Our Pentagon Investment?' peace offensive. The W.I.L.P.F. works close­ 1980 as a two-year effort and recently ex­ Late March/early April [Budget time in ly with the World Peace Council and its tended when the Church voted last year to Congress] is the time frame. sister front, the Women's International make peace a priority for the next four " ... The essential work of the Project in­ Democratic Federation. Last year, after dec­ years.... The specific concerns have been: volves Dina Rasor's ongoing ties to disgrun­ ades of collaboration, W.I.L.P.F. took a seat 1> The U.S. defense budget; 2> Chemical tled Pentagon officials who quietly share on the W.P.C. presidential committee. In weapons and the MX, B1, Cruise and Tri­ their inside knowledge about procurement the U.S., the W.I.L.P.F. has been thorough­ dent, and binary nerve gas; 3> El Salvador practices, weapons that do not work, etc., ly penetrated by members of the Commu­ and the US military intervention, and 4) As along with her additional ties to members of nist Party, U.S.A.; it has had a program for a positive step, the establishment of a na­ Congress on both sides of the aisle who feel the past 20 years of exchange visits of tional Academy of Peace. frustrated about the size of the Pentagon Soviet and U.S. "peace acitivists."l "UCC is interested in achieving a powerful budget and the rip-offs inherent in the "WILPF is working to sign up one million legislative advocacy effort in all relevant system.... In the last year, the Project's women with a STAR button, a card and $1 Congressional districts, and right now is de­ exposes [sic] have attracted major press at­ both in order to build up the W.I.L.P.F. Or­ veloping a computer storage system for all tention in The Washington Post, the Wall ganization and to [change thel political cli­ the names so that they can be activated Street Journal, the Chicago Tribune and mate. more quickly. This computer system will the Christian Science Monitor, among "On March 8 they are having a big Joanne also allow the UCC to store an enormous others." Woodward kickoff event for their STAR amount of information. A goal of $500,000 These are representative samples taken campaign at the U.N. on International has been set for the UCC Peace Fund ...." from this report prepared for radical disar­ Women's Day. At the NATO headquarters Sane: "For this old and eminent, if some­ mament leaders. The report documents the in 1983 all the cards that have been collect­ what leftist peace organization, 1982 will be many levels of coordination and collabora­ ed during this year will be delivered. WILPF filled with events . . . . One big project of tion among all aspects of the disarmament will call for the end to deployment of nucle­ the year is the Fair Budget Action program, campaigns. This ranges from attacks on the ar missiles in Europe. co-sponsored with [Ralph Nader's] Congress defense budget and calls for increased "The Jane Addams Peace Association is Watch and FRAC, which will encourage ac­ social-program spending, through the at­ the tax deductible aspect of WILPF for edu­ countability sessions in local districts with tacks on specific weapons systems such as cational purposes. All members total about members of Congress during the height of the MX, Trident, and stationing of new mis­ 10,000 .... the budget season, late April. SANE's mail­ siles in Europe. It also involves aggressive "WILPF will be participating in the ing list of 30,000 plus FRAC's big budget media outreach campaigns which have suc­ Rally/demonstration in connection with the and CW's membership of more than 100,000 cessfully put into the mass media scores of SSD. They will have a conference then too.'' should guarantee considerable attention. anti-defense stories and fake denigration of Women Strike For Peace : "Edith Other endorsers include the Center for the Soviet military buildup. Villastrigo of the Washington Office ex­ Community Change, AFGE [American Fed­ Throughout the leadership of this net­ plains that WSP is preparing flyers as a way eration of Government Employees], the work are World Peace Council activists and of extending what the Physicians for Social Steelworkers, the NEA, AFSCME and the other defenders of Soviet policies. Note that Responsibility are doing to pinpoint the National Urban Coalition. The focus will be they are sufficiently sophisticated to offer effect of a one megaton bomb on different upon the impact of the 1982 budget in 22 mild criticisms of Moscow to gain an aura of communities ... NYC, LA, Berkeley, San different areas . . . . SANE will be looking "fairness," and even to reach out through a Francisco, Philadelphia and D.C. among at the military budget aspect . . . . taxpayer-oriented group to bring Conserv­ others.... "They are compiling, along with the Coa­ atives into the campaign to slash the de­ "WSP is planning a walk for survival lition for a New Foreign and Military Policy fense budget. which may be called 'kiss your children [a W.P.C.-tied lobbying coalition], a com­ What is important about all of this is that goodby.' ... perhaps on Mother's Day.... puterized master list by Congressional dis­ the coordinating body, the World Peace This will be a good way to poke holes in the trict. They also have established a media Council, is a wholly owned subsidiary of the civil defense logic of the present administra­ task force .... They have a big direct mail Soviet Union. Readers would do well to tion. Press will accompany women as they operation, with almost 1,000,000 pieces al­ advise their representatives in Congress and go from shelter to shelter, concentrating on ready dropped this year. Charlene Divokey their local newspaper editors as to how this the center city locations, ridiculing the new is their consultant. game is being played. And by whom.e Reagan administration shelter designation "Other activities include a major rock con­ sign. cert ... in Madison Square Garden and a "WSP has launched a major lobby by TV spot to be prepared by Rap and Collins THE NEED FOR SCHOOL BOARD proxy effort; cards are filled out by women on nuclear war. The theme SANE will choose is COMMISSION ON INTERGOV­ WSP representative. This recently worked the need for a nuclear freeze .... David ERNMENTAL RELATIONS well when WSP went to Millicent Fenwick's Cortright [SANE's executive director, a office with 85 of these cards from women in former I.P.S. fellow and Vietnik G.I. orga­ her NJ district and asked her to do what she nizer at Ft. Bliss] . . . also has put Chad HON. NORMAN F. LENT could to help schedule hearings in the Dobson : "The McGRATH, who so ably represents the " ... They have no formal fund-raising Project on Military Procurement, begun a Fifth Congressional District of Long program as such and very little overhead little more than a year ago by Dina Rasor Island, N.Y., addressed the delegate beyond rent and printing expense as every­ under the auspices of the NTLF, has been assembly at the National School one volunteers. They can receive tax deduct­ oriented toward the exposure of waste and Boards Association Convention in At­ ible contributions through the Youth fraud in the military budget-on the theory Project." [The Youth Project, a private that, if morality or rationality fails, getting lanta. The subject of his remarks was foundation, has served as a funding conduit the proper bang for the buck-and the lack H.R. 5192, a bill he has sponsored to for the anti-C.I.A. Counter-Spy magazine thereof-might do in this particular Reagan add elected school board members to and the Mobilization for Survival disarma- period. the Advisory Commission on Intergov- 7932 EXTENSIONS OF. REMARKS April 27, 1982 ernmental Relations. As one of more education increased about twelvefold, while addressing the emerging public problems than 180 House cosponsors of H.R. State and local spending increased one-third that are likely to require intergovernmental as fast. I am certain that all local school dis­ cooperation, and recommending the most 5192, I am pleased to insert Represent­ tricts welcomed this increased level of com­ desirable allocation of functions, responsi­ ative McGRATH'S speech in the RECORD mitment, but with it came more programs, bilities and revenues among the several at this point and commend it to my more requirements and less flexibility. levels of Government. colleagues' attention as a most admira­ In the past twelve months, we have seen a The ACIR has done its job well. It has a ble exposition of the need for school change in emphasis on the part of the Fed­ highly qualified professional staff and its board members on the Advisory Com­ eral Government. The Reagan administra­ work carries with it considerable influence. mission on Intergovernmental Rela­ tion is committed to altering the relation­ Over the years the ACIR has produced tions. ships among governments at all levels. more than fifty major policy reports and While opinions vary on the specifics of this SPEECH BY REPRESENTATIVE RAYMOND J. has tracked more than 700 separate State McGRATH so-called "New Federalism", the simple fact laws which have implemented Commission is that there is a growing interest in revital­ recommendations. At the Federal level, the Dr. Haderlein and members of the dele­ izing our Federal system and locating general revenue sharing program was devel­ gate assembly, it is a distinct pleasure and power, authority and revenue sources in oped by the ACIR, and the New Federalism privilege for me to be here this morning to levels of government other than the Federal being advocated by the Reagan administra­ address an issue to which I have devoted Government, and this debate can be expect­ tion has been advocated by the ACIR for considerable time in recent months-why ed to continue for years. Already, school dis­ years. It is perhaps no coincidence that the Advisory Commission on Intergovern­ tricts have felt this new direction through President Reagan, while Governor of Cali­ mental Relations should include school the enactment of the Education Consolida­ fornia, was himself a member of the ACIR, board members. tion and Improvement Act. As a new Member of the 97th Congress, it or that this administration is placing more has been my good fortune to serve on the The New Federalism is essentially an ex­ emphasis on the Commission than any ad­ House Government Operations Subcommit­ periment to see if government can be made ministration in recent memory. tee on Intergovernmental Relations and more manageable. It means changed rela­ If the ACIR is supposed to represent all Human Resources. This subcommittee has tionships among all levels of government, levels of Government, why aren't school jurisdiction over legislation affecting Feder­ and indeed, intergovernmental competition boards represented? There are several rea­ al revenue sharing, reform of the Federal for resources may be critical in future deci­ sons. grant system and oversight in the general sion.<; on which functions shall be assumed, When the Commission was established, area of Federal, State and local relations. expanded, contracted, or dropped. It is im­ the role of school districts was more limited We have completed 14 days worth of hear­ perative, therefore, that local school district than it is today. Indeed the school boards ings on our Federal system of government, governments, the largest users of local gov­ issue was never considered when the ACIR and while I would hardly claim to be an ernment revenues, be given a voice in the legislation was first passed. In addition, the expert on the subject, it has given me a development of the New Federalism. ACIR itself has resisted all changes in its greater appreciation of where our Federal Although one may not know it because of membership, and it has had some powerful system has come over the years, and why it the seemingly random development of fed­ allies in Congress helping to keep its mem­ is imperative that all units of government­ eralism since World War II, the problems bership limited. The ACIR has adopted sev­ including school districts-have direct in­ associated with an increasingly interdepend­ eral convenient criteria for considering volvement in the development and refine­ ent Federal system of government have not whether any new members should be added ment of our changing Federal system. escaped notice. As far back as 1949, the to the club. One of the most interesting ex­ In a recent speech, Professor Aaron Wil­ Hoover Commission recommended the cre­ cuses was included in a letter from Jim davsky likened the development of federal­ ation of a continuing agency to study the Watt, Chairman of the ACIR, to me last ism to a cake. Our original Federal system roles and relationships of the various levels week. He stated that school district govern­ resembled a layer cake, in which our Found­ of government. ments are not general purpose units of gov­ ing Fathers established strict lines of ac­ In 1953, President Eisenhower established ernment, and therefore are not representa­ countability between the Federal Govern­ the Commission on Intergovernmental Re­ tive of a quote-level of government. If ment and the States. Practicality changed lations-the Kestenbaum Commission-and school district governments are not a level the layer cake into marble cake federalism, as a result of the Commission's recommen­ of government, what are they? during the 19th century, as the National dation the Congress enacted, in 1959, Public I would add that the Commission has es­ Government cooperated with the States in Law 86-380, Establishing the Advisory Com­ tablished these criteria, because there are such areas as waterway construction and mission on Intergovernmental Relations­ absolutely no criteria stated in the law the organization of our first armed forces. ACIR. The House Government Operations which would preclude Congress from giving These instances were in keeping with the Committee report on the ACIR legislation membership to school boards. Federal Government's constitutional re­ describes the Commission's purpose thusly: It is ironic that a Commission which was sponsibility to promote the general welfare. "The underlying purpose of the Commis­ From the marble cake example, we have sion is to strengthen the ability of our Fed­ established to give continued attention to progressed to a system which many say re­ eral system to meet the problems of a com­ intergovernmental problems and to recom­ sembles a fruit cake, with no particular pat­ plex society by promoting greater coopera­ mend-and I quote the ACIR law itself­ tern guiding the relationships among differ­ tion, understanding and coordination of ac­ "the most desirable allocation of govern­ ent levels of government. This pattern, tivities between separate levels of govern­ ment functions, responsibilities and reve­ which first began to emerge about 40 years ment. nues among the several levels of govern­ ago, has become increasingly apparent in "The membership will be drawn, for the ment"-should ignore one of the major the past 20 years. most part, from among active and responsi­ trends in local government-the growing im­ About the only thing clear about fruit ble public officials at all-and I emphasize portance and independence of local school cake federalism is that it has been accompa­ all-levels of government." district governments. nied by a vastly expanded role for the Fed­ The ACIR has functioned very well for I would cite the following as indicative of eral Government. The Federal Government twenty-two years, and has represented the what I mean: is bigger, because of the growth of tax ex­ interests of all units of government, except One. In 1979, local school district govern­ penditures and the sheer number of cate­ one-local school district governments. This ment expenditures were almost forty per­ gorical grant programs. Its role is broader, is a situation I am committed to changing. cent of the total of direct local government because its policy concerns have increased. If you look at the Organization Manual of expenditures, compared to thirty-five per­ And its influence is deeper, because its regu­ the United States Government, you will cent for municipalities and twenty-five per­ latory efforts have touched everyone in an find the address of the ACIR on page 667. cent for counties. increasingly burdensome way. You won't find anything about the ACIR's Two. School districts collect and spend Nowhere is the fruit cake effect felt more activities. In fact, if you have never heard of more than 100 billion dollars annually, or deeply than in public education. In 1960, all the ACIR until this moment, you are not about seven percent of the G.N.P. Federal funds for education amounted to alone. Many of my colleagues in Congress Three. School districts today are nearly less than 900 million dollars, roughly five had never heard of it until this year, let universal. More than 94 percent of all local percent of the 17 billion dollars spent on alone know anything about it. school district governments are elected, and education in this country. By 1979, the Fed­ But the ACIR's relative obscurity does not more importantly, almost ninety percent eral role had increased to twelve billion dol­ detract from its importance or influence. It are fiscally independent. lars, or a little less than ten percent of the is still the single most influential body Like mayors and county commissioners, total national spending for education. studying the administration and coordina­ school districts hire administrators to carry Hence, in 20 years, Federal spending for tion of Federal grant and other programs, out their policies. Like city and county gov- April 27, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7933 ernments, they are independent and respon­ ning and losing, and I can assure you that Tomorrow, I shall list more organi­ sible to those who elect them. this is one I very much want to win. zations that Mr. Rees has identified as Four. Local school districts employ 3.5 In a sense, the inclusion of school board being connected with this Moscow di­ million people, more than 45 percent of all representatives on the Commission would be rected new attempt to totally disarm persons employed by local government. and symbolic. It would provide that, for the first America. Mr. Rees' article follows: the activities of school districts directly time, officials of school district governments affect our Nation's 44 million public school would be recognized, along with Governors [From the Review of the News, Mar. 24, children and indirectly all of us. and mayors, State legislators and county of­ 1982] Besides the education of our children, ficials, Senators and Congressmen, as legiti­ SECRET PLANS REVEAL SUPPORT FOR school districts are involved in a variety of mate representatives of a unit of govern­ Moscow's NEW "PEAcE" OFFENSIVE ment-that local school boards are the offi­ activities, some traditional and some not so traditional. They provide services to the el­ cial representatives of the local delivery and derly, preschool child care, emergency serv­ administration of all school district govern­ Following the 1980 elections, weeks before ices in times of catastrophe, employment ment services. It would sanction school dis­ the oath of office was administered to Presi­ training centers, health services and com­ trict governments as coequal partners in the dent Reagan, radicals in the disarmament munity services. American Federal system. movement were put on alert and activated. Over the past two decades, local school Recently, I was looking at a bibliography Many of them were following the lead of districts have been made accountable to a of the publications of the ACIR since its es­ the World Peace Council and other groups whole series of Federal enactments, includ­ tablishment 22 years ago. I counted no clearly under the sway of the Soviet Union. ing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Educa­ fewer than two dozen separate reports Their objective was to slow, impede, and re­ tion of All Handicapped Children Act, the which touched upon some area under the verse the Reagan mandate to restore Ameri­ jurisdiction of local school districts. In fact, ca's sagging defenses. Rehabilitation Act, the Child Nutrition Act, I find it incredible that any government ad­ the asbestos detection program, changes in Now, after some 18 months of organizing, visory body could conduct a complex study a massive international campaign has been social security financing laws, revenue shar­ of the local property tax without the direct ing, refugee education, medicaid, and the launched by the Soviet Union using all of its involvement of the governmental body covert assets. These include the World Migrant Children Education Act. which uses the highest percentage of prop­ It seems clear that school boards are a Peace Council, other fronts, the various erty tax revenues. I find it hard to believe Communist parties, and secret "agents of in­ necessary, important and equal component that a government advisory body could ef­ of the Federal system. They rely heavily on fluence" in government, academia, and the fectively review categorical grant programs media. Their intention is to block Reagan the same system of revenues as other gener­ without the direct involvement of the gov­ al purpose units of government, and they Administration efforts to rebuild U.S. na­ ernmental body which, until last year, uti­ tional defenses and strengthen the N.A.T.O. should be considered on equal footing. lized ten percent of all the categorical grant When representatives of the National alliance. At the same time they are laboring programs administered by the Federal Gov­ to demand foreign policies favorable to School Boards Association came to me last ernment. October and asked me if I would sponsor Soviet expansion in Central America, The provision of educational opportunity Africa, and the Middle East. legislation to put elected school board mem­ to all of our people is one of the most im­ bers on ACIR, I was frankly surprised they Recently we learned of a report written by portant responsibilities of government. Edu­ and for the leaders of the disarmament weren't included already. And while I was cation is a means of improving the quality happy to cosponsor the bill, I quickly discov­ campaign. It provides details of their pene­ of life of our citizens today and it is an in­ tration of government and academic circles ered what we were up against. surance policy for a healthy society in the First, the composition of the ACIR had in Washington; their funding and plans; and never been changed before, so we had 22 future. a review of past successes in getting the Of all of the levels of government in our media to circulate their propaganda. This years of history working against us. Second, Federal system, it is local jurisdictions, and the chairmen of the House and Senate sub­ lengthy report was very tightly guarded in elected school boards in particular, that its distribution. It was intended for use by committees with jurisdiction over this issue bear the greatest burden of these education­ were-and as far as I can gather still are­ the disarmament elite only. But, within a al responsibilities. Yet these governments week of its initial circulation, our Washing­ opposed to this legislation. In fact, the are not adequately represented in policy dis­ chairman of the House Intergovernmental ton Bureau was able to obtain copies from cussions that significantly affect their role several sources. Relations Subcommittee, L. H. Fountain, as education providers. With your help, we wrote the original ACIR legislation, and has The intercepted report, containing more can rectify this situation. than 70 single-spaced pages, was prepared no real interest in changing it to accommo­ Thankyou.e date certain so-called special interests. by Anne B. Zill of the Stewart Mott Foun­ Third, the ACIR itself has a standing reso­ dation. It was distributed as part of a recent lution opposing school board membership, MOSCOW'S NEW PEACE Washington, D.C., meeting of U.N. Non­ which it reaffirmed as recently as January 8 OFFENSIVE Government Organizations and of­ of this year. Finally, there was a degree of ficials of various funding groups coordinat­ apathy among my colleagues which was un­ ing mass demonstrations for June 12th in derstandable, since most of them knew very New York during the U.N.'s month-long little about the ACIR. HON. LARRY McDONALD Second Special Session on Disarmament But we have made progress, indeed almost OF GEORGIA . Many of The bad news is that the battle is still far exposure of who and why is behind all the groups mentioned in the report have from won. Time is running out in this Con­ the current efforts to neutralize the direct ties to the W.P.C. Together they had gress, and unfortunately those who oppose efforts of President Reagan to restore led the W.P.C.-directed support movement the bill still control the key subcommittee the Nation's defenses. for the Communist insurgent forces in Indo­ positions. If we can ever bring this issue to a I note that that at least two organi­ china. The revival of the disarmament issue vote, we will win. I can guarantee that. But zations mentioned in Mr. Rees' article is shown by the report to be largely the the more impressive the list of cosponsors are recipients of taxpayers' money. result of substantial amounts of money pro­ and supporters, the better off we will be. vided to finance members of this pool of or­ I believe that all of you have a list of co­ That fact may be found in other items ganizers. sponsors of H.R. 5192 by State. Please check I have submitted in a series of "Where According to the Zill/Mott Report, the re­ this list, and if your Congressman is not a Your Tax Dollars Go," or "Where vived disarmament lobby is to be coordinat­ cosponsor, call him or write him. Your Your Money Goes," placed in this ed via the Non-Governmental Organizations effort may spell the difference between win- RECORD on this date. apparatus at the United Nations. It 7934 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1982 does not mention that the leading roles in "Another project in progress is the pro­ Hyman Rickover will be approached about the N.G.O. structure are played by interna­ duction of radio spots for 'drivetime' peri­ participating. tional front groups controlled by the Soviet ods, morning and evening. These will be 60- [During the Vietnam War period, Wash­ Union. These include the W.P.C., Christian second spots, ranging from a soft sell ap­ ington's Marxist I.P.S. think-tank began de­ Peace Conference to hard sell and and the K.G.B. on trends and opportunities The Zill/Mott Report explains that the in America. Last year, Admiral La Rocque United Nations N.G.O. apparatus began co­ human rights, global justice Ron Dellums." the inner workings of the disarmament the Department of Energy. It was organized Clergy And Laity Concerned they are many other news outlets. material that the disarmament elite never willing to provide speakers and technical "Formed in 1965 as the Emergency Com­ intended you to see. support-which is ACA's essential role in mittee of Clergy and Laymen concerned American Committee On East-West any case. [Ground Zero week is a scare­ about Vietnam, this organization had a list Accord : "Jeanne Mattison and tactic "educational" project organizing a of 50,000 supporters by the end of the war. Carl Marcy have a team of board members week of nationwide local activities to per­ That list dwindled to 2,000 until Liz Broder working on ways to implement George Ken­ suade Americans that the alternative is began to build the supporters again with nan's proposal to reduce our nuclear weap­ "either Red for dead.''] direct mail four years ago. The current list ons arsenal by 50 percent. This will become "Editorial advisories are being sent to 1000 of supporters is 20,000 and Broder hopes to a Committee publication. A press confer­ medium-to-large newspapers around the add another 3,000 this year. ence and other publicity events are planned. country raising three questions: How can a "Along with the American Friends Service "In the late April to early May period the nuclear war start? And how can one be pre­ Committee, CALC is sponsoring a two-week Committee will have its annual meeting, at vented? visit to the United States, beginning March some point when George Kennan, Kenneth "Ongoing are ACA's 25 or so yearly brief­ 20, of 10 major European peace leaders. In Galbraith, Don Kendall can all attend. diplomatic people, government personnel will reach a total of 36 cities . . . over the They will again discuss the implementation and aficionados on relevant arms control period. There will also be several N.Y. meet­ of the Kennan proposal and will hear from topics ...." ings, including one with the N.Y. Times edi­ some high ranking government officials, [While the Arms Control association is torial Board, and another on March 21 at possibly off the record. The Committee does busy indoctrinating academics and govern­ the Union Theological Seminary for have to be careful about taking positions ment officials, and carrying out a media funders. that would cause its conservative members campaign, one of the more startling projects "CALC has been most active in the forma­ to resign. It has received two years' funding : "CALC is also a co-sponsor of the Peace [Since these interviews with the former "On June 15 and 16, 1982, during the UN Sabbath, May 28-31, a weekend of worship U.S. Ambassadors to Moscow are not sup­ Special Session on Disarmament, CDI will and witness to spread the word. They have posed to be pretext debriefings by agents of host a conference of retired military officers been active around the plans for the Special a hostile foreign intelligence service, of from NATO and Warsaw Pact countries to Session [on Disarmament] as well, and John what use are they to A.C.E.W.A. if they are discuss how a nuclear war would be fought/ Collins has been participating in the (June not publicized? You do get the point.] avoided, a first-time ever event. Admiral 12thl rally committee too.''e