Strengthening the Global Partnership for Development in a Time of Crisis
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
External Debt Sustainability and Development Report of The
United Nations A/67/174 General Assembly Distr.: General 24 July 2012 Original: English Sixty-seventh session Item 18 (c) of the provisional agenda* Macroeconomic policy questions External debt sustainability and development Report of the Secretary-General Summary The present report, submitted pursuant to General Assembly resolution 66/189, reviews recent developments in the external debt of developing countries with a special focus on the role of credit rating agencies and on the problems relating to the design of a structured mechanism for dealing with sovereign debt restructuring. __________________ * A/67/150. 12-43653 (E) 080812 *1243653* A/67/174 I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted in accordance with paragraph 36 of General Assembly resolution 66/189. It includes a comprehensive analysis of the external debt situation and debt-servicing problems faced by developing countries and transition economies. It describes new developments and trends in external debt and related areas of development finance, discusses various issues relating to the design of a structured mechanism for dealing with sovereign debt restructuring, as well as the role of credit rating agencies, and provides a basis for deliberation of related policy issues. II. Recent trends 2. The total external debt of developing countries and countries with economies in transition (henceforth referred to as developing countries) surpassed $4 trillion by the end of 2010 (see annex). This corresponds to a 12 per cent increase in total external debt compared to 2009, marking a much higher growth rate in comparison to previous years. While data for 2011 from the World Bank Debtor Reporting System are not yet available, estimates made by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) secretariat indicate that debt levels continued to grow by approximately 12 per cent over 2010-2011, bringing the total external debt of developing countries to $4.5 trillion. -
Annual Report
International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Development Bureau 2014 Measuring Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland the Information www.itu.int Society Report ISBN 978-92-61-14661-0 SAP id 2014 3 9 4 6 4 9 7 8 9 2 6 1 1 5 2 9 1 8 Price: 86 CHF Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 2014 Photo credits: Shutterstock SocietyMeasuring the Information Report Measuring the Information Society Report 2014 © 2014 ITU International Telecommunication Union Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland Original language of publication: English. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the International Telecommunication Union. ISBN 978-92-61-15291-8 ii Foreword I am pleased to present to you the 2014 edition of the Measuring the Information Society Report. Now in its sixth year, this annual report identifies key information and communication technology (ICT) developments and tracks the cost and affordability of ICT services, in accordance with internationally agreed methodologies. Its core feature is the ICT Development Index (IDI), which ranks countries’ performance with regard to ICT infrastructure, use and skills. The report aims to provide an objective international performance evaluation based on quantitative indicators and benchmarks, as an essential input to the ICT policy debate in ITU Member States. Over the past year, the world witnessed continued growth in the uptake of ICT and, by end 2014, almost 3 billion people will be using the Internet, up from 2.7 billion at end 2013. -
South-South Cooperation: a Challenge to the Aid System?
South-South Cooperation: A Challenge to the Aid System? The Reality of Aid Special Report on South-South Cooperation 2010 The Reality of Aid South-South Cooperation: A Challenge to the Aid System? is published in the Philippines in 2010 by IBON Books, IBON Center, 114 Timog Avenue, Quezon City, 1103 Philippines [email protected] www.ibon.org Copyright @2010 by the Reality of Aid Management Committee Layout: Jennifer T. Padilla Cover Photos: unescap.com, xanthis.files.wordpress.com Printed and bound in the Philippines by IBON Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved ISBN 978-971-0483-50-1 The Reality of Aid Network The Reality of Aid (RoA) Network exists to promote national and international policies that will contribute to new and effective strategies for poverty eradication built on solidarity and equity. Established in 1993, the Reality of Aid is a collaborative non-profit initiative involving non- governmental organisations from North and South. The Reality of Aid regularly publishes reliable reports on international development cooperation and the extent to which governments, North and South, address the extreme income inequalities and structural, social and political injustices that entrench people in poverty. The Reality of Aid has been publishing its reports and Reality Checks on aid and development cooperation since 1993. The Reality of Aid Global Management Committee is made up of regional representatives of all its member-organisations. Antonio Tujan, Jr. Chairperson / Representing Asia-Pacific CSO partners IBON Foundation/Chairperson of the Steering Committee RoA-Asia-Pacific Brian Tomlinson Vice Chairperson/Representing non-European Canadian Council for International Cooperation Country CSO partners (CCIC) Vitalice Meja Representing African CSO partners Coordinator, RoA-Africa Secretariat Ruben Fernandez Representing Latin American CSO partners Asociación Latinoamericana de Organizaciones de Promoción al Desarrollo, A.C. -
Economic Monitoring Report
Economic Monitoring Report Public Disclosure Authorized to the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee June 2, 2020 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................. 1 Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 3 Chapter I: Recent Economic Developments ....................................................................................... 5 1. Economic Growth ............................................................................................................................. 5 2. Public Finance .................................................................................................................................. 9 Fiscal Performance in 2019 .............................................................................................................. 9 Fiscal Outlook .................................................................................................................................. 9 3. Money and Banking ....................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter II: Digital infrastructure in the -
The Effectiveness of Debt Relief: Assessing the Influence of the HIPC Initiative and MDRI on Tanzania's Health Sector
American Journal of Undergraduate Research ZZZDMXURQOLQHRUJ The Effectiveness of Debt Relief: Assessing the Influence of the HIPC Initiative and MDRI on Tanzania’s Health Sector Fernando Lopez Oggier Center for American Politics and Public Policy, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.33697/ajur.2019.021 Student: [email protected]*, [email protected] Mentor: [email protected] ABSTRACT Debt relief initiatives have been part of the international development sphere since the early 1990s. With the launch of the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative in 1996 and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) in 2005 many countries have been able to successfully qualify for debt relief. Tanzania has been one of the primary beneficiaries of debt relief over the years. While empirical evidence demonstrates that the country’s economic growth has been positively impacted by debt relief initiatives, other aspects of human development need to be analyzed to ensure a comprehensive assessment of the HIPC Initiative and the MDRI. This study compiles Tanzania’s health data into a composite indicator to perform a graphical analysis to compare the trends between health outcomes and external debt. The graphical analysis is contextualized through a qualitative analysis of political, economic and health financing literature from the Bank of Tanzania, UNICEF and USAID. The results indicate that health outcomes improved throughout the whole study’s time period particularly after the HIPC Initiative. The health financing literature also points to increased development expenditure during this period. Nonetheless, the effects of debt relief seem to diminish in the long-term due to fluctuations in external donors and logistical barriers to budget execution. -
Verge 7 Re-Orienting Neo-Liberal Development and Mainstreaming
Verge 7 Re-Orienting Neo-liberal Development and Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa Brianna Bowman The countries of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been sites of turbulent development practices since the Third World debt crisis of the 1970s. As illustrated in Tanzania, attempts by International Financial Institutions (IFIs), namely the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), to stabilize and liberalize the economy through the implementation of neo-liberal contingency based Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) only worsened conditions. It was in the shadow of deepening poverty and increasing debt obligations that the HIV virus began to permeate and devastate SSA. Government implementation of SAPs facilitated transmission of the disease by raising unemployment, increasing labor mobility, and restricting social services. Institutional reforms abated structural violence, defined by John Galtung as a process that causes ―avoidable insults to basic human needs, and more generally to life,‖ (292) and compromised the human right to health, as set forth in Article 25 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Under these conditions, AIDS deaths in SSA continued to rise throughout the 1980s. Poverty, debt, and illness lformed a destructive cycle that set back development gains, worsened poverty, and impeded the ability of governments to adequately assist their people or help resolve their mounting debts. In the early 1990s, worsening conditions and increasing discontent throughout the developing world necessitated that the World Bank and IMF revise their development approach. Acknowledging the incompatibility of goals for economic growth and expectations that countries Verge 7 Bowman 2 fulfill their crippling debt obligations, the IFIs introduced their most recent development programs, the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC) in 1996, followed by the the enhanced version in 1999, and the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) in 2006. -
Development Committee Document
TIONAL BA A NK RN E F T O N R I DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE WORLD BANK R (Joint Ministerial Committee E T C N O E N M S P of the T O R L U E CT EV Boards of Governors of the Bank and the Fund ION AND D On the Transfer of Real Resources to Developing Countries) DC2007-0021 September 28, 2007 HEAVILY INDEBTED POOR COUNTRIES (HIPC) INITIATIVE AND MULTILATERAL DEBT RELIEF INITIATIVE (MDRI)−STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION Attached for the October 21, 2007, Development Committee Meeting is a background report entitled “Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI)−Status of Implementation,” prepared by the staff of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. * * * INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION AND INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) —Status of Implementation Prepared by the Staffs of IDA and IMF Approved by Danny Leipziger and Mark Allen September 27, 2007 Contents Page Executive Summary................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................1 II. Review of the Implementation and Impact of the HIPC Initiative and the MDRI ...............2 A. Implementation of the HIPC Initiative and the MDRI .............................................2 B. Impact of the HIPC Initiative and the MDRI............................................................6 -
Myanmar ICT Sector Wide Impact Assessment
Sector Wide Impact Assessment Mya nmar ICT Sector-Wide Impact Assessment September 2015 for for fiber cables © Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business Responsible for Centre Myanmar © trenches Workers digging The Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business (MCRB) was set up in 2013 by the Institute for Human Rights and Business (IHRB) and the Danish Institute for Human Rights (DIHR) with funding from several donor governments. Based in Yangon, it aims to provide a trusted and impartial platform for the creation of knowledge, capacity, and dialogue amongst businesses, civil society organisations and governments to encourage responsible business conduct throughout Myanmar. Responsible business means business conduct that works for the long- term interests of Myanmar and its people, based on responsible social and environmental performance within the context of international standards. © Copyright Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business (MCRB), Institute for Human Rights and Business (IHRB), and Danish Institute for Human Rights (DIHR), September 2015. Published by MCRB, IHRB and DIHR – September 2015. All rights reserved. MCRB, IHRB and DIHR permit free reproduction of extracts from this publication provided that due acknowledgment is given and a copy of the publication carrying the extract is sent to the headquarter addresses below. Requests for permission to reproduce and translate the publication should be addressed to MCRB, IHRB and DIHR. Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business Institute for Human Rights Danish Institute for 15 Shan Yeiktha Street and Business (IHRB) Human Rights (DIHR) Sanchaung, Yangon, 34b York Way Wilders Plads 8K Myanmar London, N1 9AB 1403 Copenhagen K Email: info@myanmar- United Kingdom Email: responsiblebusiness.org Email: [email protected] [email protected] Web: www.myanmar- Web: www.ihrb.org Web: responsiblebusiness.org www.humanrights.dk or www.mcrb.org.mm Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................ -
Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation
CHAPTER 1 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2018: ENERGIZING THE WORLD WITH INNOVATION Soumitra Dutta, Rafael Escalona Reynoso, Antanina Garanasvili, and Kritika Saxena, SC Johnson College of Business, Cornell University Bruno Lanvin, INSEAD Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, Lorena Rivera León, and Francesca Guadagno*, WIPO Since the release of the Global Innovation Index (GII) last year, the initial upswing in the global economy has been Key findings in brief transforming into momentum for more broad-based global economic growth. Current economic figures show a level of The seven key findings of the GII 2018 are: optimism that has been long awaited. The global economy 1. Becoming optimistic about global innovation and might well have taken off with a, sometimes surprising, growth is possible. significant growth performance in various countries and a partial reversal of their faltering levels of productivity. 2. Continued investments in breakthrough energy innovations are essential for global growth and to Now the challenge is for the global economy to reach a avert an environmental crisis. comfortable cruising speed that can be upheld for the next 3. China’s rapid rise shows the way for other middle- several years. income economies. 4. Richer economies, with more diverse industry and export portfolios, are likelier to score high in Sustaining the resumption of global innovation. growth 5. Focusing on translating innovation investments into results is key. As the GII 2018 goes to print, and after almost a decade of uneven, often unsustained, progress, the global economy 6. Strong regional innovation imbalances persevere, is now picking up speed and showing more broad-based hampering economic and human development. -
World Economic Situation and Prospects 2020
World Economic Situation and Prospects asdf United Nations New York, 2020 Statistical annex Country classifications Data sources, country classifications and aggregation methodology The statistical annex contains a set of data that the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) employs to delineate trends in various dimensions of the world economy. Data sources The annex was prepared by the Economic Analysis and Policy Division (EAPD) of the De- partment of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat (UN DESA). It is based on information obtained from the Statistics Division and the Population Di- vision of UN DESA, as well as from the five United Nations regional commissions, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Eurostat and national sources. Estimates for 2019 and forecasts for 2020 and 2021 were made by EAPD in consultation with the regional commissions and UNCTAD, partly guided by the World Economic Forecasting Model (WEFM) of EAPD.1 Longer-term projections are based on a technical model-based extension of the WEFM. Data presented in the WESP may differ from those published by other organizations for several reasons, including differences in timing, sample composition and aggregation methods. Historical data may differ from those in previous editions of the WESP because of updating and changes in the availability of data for individual countries. Country classifications -
GAO-08-888R Developing Countries: U.S. Financing for Multilateral Debt
United States Government Accountability Office Washington, DC 20548 July 24, 2008 Congressional Requesters Subject: Developing Countries: U.S. Financing for Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative Currently Experiencing a Shortfall A buildup of foreign debt throughout the 1970s and 1980s—combined with low growth, falling commodity prices, and other economic difficulties—left many poor countries with significantly more debt than they could repay. International efforts to provide debt relief to 41 such heavily indebted poor countries have been ongoing for over a decade, and these efforts culminated in the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI), which was announced in 2005. MDRI eliminates eligible debt that countries owe to four international financial institutions—the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the African Development Bank’s African Development Fund (ADF), and the Inter-American Development Bank (IaDB).1 To receive MDRI debt relief, countries must first complete the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative, which the World Bank and IMF created in 1996 to relieve the debt burden of poor countries. In response to concerns over the continuing vulnerability of these countries, the World Bank and IMF enhanced the initiative to provide additional debt relief in 1999. Recognizing that recipient countries needed further assistance, MDRI was created to help accelerate countries’ progress toward achieving the United Nations Millennium Development Goals.2 Of the 41 eligible countries, 23 countries have received debt relief under both the MDRI and HIPC Initiatives, and another 10 countries are receiving debt relief under just the HIPC Initiative. Donor governments (including the U.S. government) have agreed to help fund multilateral debt relief. -
The Global Partnership for Development: Making Rhetoric a Reality
Millennium Development Goal 8 The Global Partnership for Development: Making Rhetoric a Reality MDG Gap Task Force Report 2012 UNITED NATIONS The present report was prepared by the MDG Gap Task Force which was created by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to improve the monitoring of MDG 8 by leveraging inter- agency coordination. More than 20 United Nations agencies are represented on the Task Force, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, as well as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World Trade Organization. The United Nations Development Programme and the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat acted as lead agencies in coordinating the work of the Task Force. The Task Force was co-chaired by Olav Kjørven, Assistant Secretary-General and Director of the Bureau for Development Policy of the United Nations Development Programme, and Jomo Kwame Sundaram, Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, and coordinated by Rob Vos, Director in the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. List of bodies and agencies represented on the MDG Gap Task Force Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations Framework Convention on of the United Nations Secretariat (UN/DESA) Climate Change (UNFCCC) Department of Public Information of the United Nations Fund for International United Nations Secretariat (DPI) Partnerships (UNFIP) Economic and Social Commission for Asia United Nations Industrial Development