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Biological Assessment for Tie Proposed Miner Flat Dam Project

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Biological Assessment for Tie Proposed Miner Flat Dam Project BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR TIE PROPOSED MINER FLAT DAM PROJECT April 1988 Submitted to: U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Ecological Services - 3616 West Thomas, Suite 6 Phoenix, Arizona 85019 Submitted by: U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs and White Mountain Apache Tribe Fort Apache Indian Reservation Whiteriver, Arizona 85941 1 .,1 k. MrivAlfikt4.1e1.,11.;74wr.7.7. ;7 A -TABLE. OF CONTENTS , - Section Page ,. P,q1,11,1,,, a5TZ.j - - ;a1"."-"''' T .....„ •• I.';',,..... ..INTRODUCTION,....-x, , , . : ,4.1 t1.--4..t. 1 , .4 , .4 4 ,. f z* ... 4- ',- 4. 4 1 i..:#,... "4 C, ,5;.K $ g :4 ..,/ -% ri ' P;4 ,. ' I, .....1.1 .1 1. * * * * * * . • II. DESCRIPTION OF/ THE P4R.,,O,P,O,S4,E3?„1,P,R0,4,,EC . • • • • • 3 113 ;4 , • i)d: , .,, , :; - . :,6.: ,•:":1,,Vg , fay ,ylogryili • {i4 A ;!.°4Aa A. Miner :Fiat-'-'Dam -and,Reservoir:l...",. 3 1: : Maintenance of Recreation and Fishery Pool . • 13. , 3 le„.,, .B .. Expansio ;o Canyonpay.F.Irr,.,igat ion. !1 roj ect E. • , 12 , , , C 13 :Water ;Resourpea,yir.--.47.-.,,i., .e.,. qw.— .' -. • . 13 •41 . - 1 1. ' ' 'Salt ,` killer' 'S t aim fl o.'.'W's u. ;,.-,:;:.. ' : • . • •• • 13 '2: North Fork White River); Clear: Miner * Flat Dam., • ... 15 - - . I,mpact , of, Jfiner .F,3,at tDam on .. Stra amf lows, • '0, "1.4, 1' . i 7 , ‘ . 4 Below Canyon.-pay. -Irrigation Diversion • • • • 22 4 .• , 4. -1dpice of , Miner. ' Flat Dam on Streamf lows . -..) v. • • 22 ils'a ....,t40.01:6;tatit k Ct". liJ. ,,' ali4.0.•i . 1-0.:A. % . 1••,.#.1 ,.. 4. ' .4,,,, 4. , .., ,• • ; 1 1 - ..0.50:11 - . r. :' 0 1 I'U•A ., '4 :" 0 c'' 11 .97 71 cl ..!:.-.1 it 7 -. r'. y r. ^V*# EXISTING'STATUS OF- ENDANGERED" AND,',i. ,' . .6 *- -THREATENED' , , „4.4., ,,..,, , SPECIES'''. , •.. ' .t '.' . : „..%.` . ', * • • 28 .,-.:.,,-.,-,.-.,,,,-..:.,....* -...---...,.,, ' - 1 } g.va -Ot‘r4I'I'' 4(Al-dqe(A4-4Šz .lo, iari. A. 7 Peregrine Falcon oi;,.:„,./-.L.r:A4.1:13.;) * * * * * . 28 • -; . • . • . .• 28 . i -- i #.1' ., C,.:i Southern - S,potted Owl 1--.'3 1 (L :, ! ! ' • • Y''; • • 30 D:'," t Gdo ding i. ' - t 1 t . ' e,., On i'on:4,,,( il ki Um',, 'gOo dingli. ) • • •• • • • • 31 • • • 111 ,. • • • 32 . * * • • . 33 E. '1 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 43 -;N.'; k:11 A'. 'Peregrine,.• F,a1 C91141z3 • 51,±0-1.,, • 'h . • • 43 B. °I: Bald 'Eagle • ..4 • - • • • . - • • • • . 43 .Southern-Spotted Owl • • • • • • 45 , • , ' #..#,;#,••„« • vooaing s Onion . • . 45 . 46 • • . 47 , ..,04, ' 1.•." Water Quality '''' ';'' • • • • • 411 II; • , ,... , 2..., ; Water Temperature„ . • • • 49 • r r ' j . ; , Habitat Lo.ii-,; '...', • • • • . • • • . • • 50 4. 4. F.3.`ow Regimes. • , i'. • . • • • . 51 5 .' :. Water , Temperatures • „:.• 55 7 • 6.":Minimum'InstreaM...FloWs''. • • • • 56 iP '-CUMULATIVE IMPACTS,':' ' ' • • 58 • A !., .4..1 !:1... ,: .,,,. i' '. ' ' LITERATURE CITED' 11 ; E• LIST OF TABLES Tabl Page 1 SPECIES LISTED UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT THAT COULD BE AFFECTED BY THE PROJECT . • • 2 IMPACT OF MINER FLAT DAM ON STREAMFLOWS BELOW DAM AND HYDROPOWER PRODUCTION TO OFFSET IRRIGATION PUMPING ................... 17 MINER FLAT STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS AND LACK OF EFFECT OF RESERVIOR FILLING ON PEAK FLOW MONTHS ....21 IMPACT OF MINER FLAT 'DAM ON STREAMFLOWS BELOW CANYON DAY DIVERISON ...'23 IMPACT OF MINER FLAT DAM ON STREAMFLOWS BELOW HIGHWAY 60 SALT. RIVER BRIDGE AND ABOVE ROOSEVELT LAKE ....25 LOCATION OF FISH SAMPLING STATIONS (FEBRUARY 18-20, 19881 ....36 7 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH SAMPLING STATIONS (FEBRUARY 18-20, 1988) ....37 8 NUMBERS OF FISH CAUGHT IN THE NORTH FORK WHITE RIVER (FEBRUARY 1988) . O O O O • • 38 9 NUMBERS OF FISH CAUGHT IN THE EAST FORK WHITE RIVER (FEBRUARY 1988) ....39 10 NUMBERS OF FISH CAUGHT IN THE WHITE RIVER (FEBRUARY 1988) ....40 LIST OF FIGURES Ficrize Page 1 LOCATION OF PROPOSED MINER FLAT DAM AND RESERVOIR ............................... iii I. INTRODUCTION The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Public Law 97-304) and rules pursuant 6 that act provide a means to conserve endangered and/or threatened species, and their habitats. All federally funded projects must be evaluated, as specified under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) as to how they might affect endangered and/or threatened species. As provided by Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, the U.S. , Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) provided, a list of endangered/ • I . threatened; candidate, and proposed species which might be 'affected by the Miner Flat Dam and Canyon Day Irrigation Project (Table 1). Because there are listed species that could be affected by the proposed project, a Biological Assessment must be prepared and submitted to the USFWS. According to the Proposed Rules in Federal Register Vol. 48, No. 126, pp. 29990-29997: The biological assessment shall determine which species' or critical habitat may be present in the action area and the potential effects of the action on such species or habitat. The biological assessment also shall include an analysis of cumulative effects. This Biological Assessment describes the proposed project and addresses potential impacts and mitigation measures that could occur with construction and operation of the project. 2 ' TABLE 1 SPECIES LISTED UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT . THAT COULD BE AFFECTED BY THE PROJECT Species Status Occurrence Apache Trout Threatened Headwaters of the White River drainage and some lakes. Bald Eagle Endangered Breeding populations along the Salt and Verde rivers. Winters statewide. Peregrine Falcon Endangered Winters statewide, but not 'known to breed in the project area. ) Loach Minnow Threatened, e River and tiPF k, White River. Gooding's Onion Candidate for . Montane conifer forests near Threatened Mount Baldy. Status Southern Spotted Owl. Candidate for Distribution on the Rdierva- Threatened tion not known. Status Source: Ecological Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, Arizona, December 6; 1985. II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT . Miner Flat Dam and Reservoir 'A concrete gravity dam at the Miner Flat site would be constructed on the basalt foundation below the existing topography of the narrow valley floor. Figure 1 is a map showing the location of the proposed dam and reservoir. The depth of talus and alluvium overlying the basalt is • limited, and excavation into the top of the basalt to a depth of 10 feet has been determined suitable. At the upstream face of the dam, the foundation would be excavated to an elevation of 5,907 feet. Moving from the upstream face of the dam to the downstream toe, excavation of the foundation would be conducted in a stair-step fashion to a base elevation of 5,895 feet. At that elevation, excavation of the basalt would be continned downstream for an additional 100 feet to provide a,basin for stilling of discharges over the crest of the dam. 'The abutments of the damsite would be excavated to a depth of 10 to 15 feet to remove weathered materials. The walls*pf the damsite would be excavated to conform with the backslopes required for the stilling basin and hydropower facilities. From the base of the dam, mass concrete in lifts of 5 feet or less would be constructed to an elevation of 6,062 feet, the crest of the dam. The dam would require 114,500 cubic yards of mass concrete. It has been estimated that 75 percent of the concrete would consist of aggregate materials. obtained from the valley floor of the proposed p reservoir area. There are an estimated 400,000 cubic yards of aggregate material within 1 mile of the damsite, and an estimated 50 percent could reasonably be 'recovered. Consequently, the estimated 86,000 cubic yards A-1111--11 I 3 1 s • -,-.-.-. 1 . \? -71 ) • • •>‘-- .. "- )1 14 l Jk /6‘)IN \ 11)t i "t1(, • I-4 0 tl >6 0 >i 0 H 0 0 Z 0 Z 7C/ 0 I Cf1Cf) PZI 0 :2: H H 1:1:02.4 tri - - I, 1• -- 1 0) • 4( 11 It 2 !:tti 5 110 of aggregate requirements for mass concrete are readily available. .Testing of the aggregate materials has shown that they are suitable for use in the concrete mix; The top of the dam would conform to the underside of the flow of water during design flood. An ogee shape would support the discharge of water across the top and down the face of- the dam without the development of negative pressures that would cause deterioration of the face of the dam. For discharges less than the design flood, pressures on the face of the dam'would be positive. The dam crest of 260 feet in length would be used for the discharge of all spills from the reservoir, ranging from average annual floods to the flood produced by the maximum probable precipitation. 'Preliminary design provides for 20 feet of over-topping of the dam. With that 20 feet, spillway capacity across the crest Of the dam would total 115,000 cubic feet per.second (cfs). The maximum flood of record at the gaging station on the North Fork White River near McNary was 1,290 cfs in 1946. The highest discharge of record on the White River near Fort Apache was 14,600 cfs in December 1978. The preliminary spillway capacity at the Proposed Miner Flat Dam exceeds records of historic floods by an order of magnitude. ' The outlet works of the proposed Miner Flat Dam would consist of an intake structure on the upstream face of the dam and a 10 foot diameter conduit through the concrete gravity dam. The outlet works would be constructed in the first phases of construction so that the facility could be utilized to temporarily, divert streamf low around the construction area. 6 • Temporary diversion would be accomplished by the construction of , 1 coffer dams upstream and downstream from the construction area. The upstream coffer dam would divert the streamflois of the North Fork White River into a temporary extension of the outlet works.
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