Using LIDAR and Arcgis to Describe Geomorphometric Characteristics Of
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150 Geologic Facts About California
California Geological Survey - 150th Anniversary 150 Geologic Facts about California California’s geology is varied and complex. The high mountains and broad valleys we see today were created over long periods of time by geologic processes such as fault movement, volcanism, sea level change, erosion and sedimentation. Below are 150 facts about the geology of California and the California Geological Survey (CGS). General Geology and Landforms 1 California has more than 800 different geologic units that provide a variety of rock types, mineral resources, geologic structures and spectacular scenery. 2 Both the highest and lowest elevations in the 48 contiguous states are in California, only 80 miles apart. The tallest mountain peak is Mt. Whitney at 14,496 feet; the lowest elevation in California and North America is in Death Valley at 282 feet below sea level. 3 California’s state mineral is gold. The Gold Rush of 1849 caused an influx of settlers and led to California becoming the 31st state in 1850. 4 California’s state rock is serpentine. It is apple-green to black in color and is often mottled with light and dark colors, similar to a snake. It is a metamorphic rock typically derived from iron- and magnesium-rich igneous rocks from the Earth’s mantle (the layer below the Earth’s crust). It is sometimes associated with fault zones and often has a greasy or silky luster and a soapy feel. 5 California’s state fossil is the saber-toothed cat. In California, the most abundant fossils of the saber-toothed cat are found at the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles. -
CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH PREOPENING California Gold Rush
CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH PREOPENING California Gold Rush OCTOBER 1999 CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH PREOPENING DEN PACK ACTIVITIES PACK GOLD RUSH DAY Have each den adopt a mining town name. Many towns and mining camps in California’s Gold Country had colorful names. There were places called Sorefinger, Flea Valley, Poverty Flat (which was near Rich Gulch), Skunk Gulch, and Rattlesnake Diggings. Boys in each den can come up with an outrageous name for their den! They can make up a story behind the name. Have a competition between mining camps. Give gold nuggets (gold-painted rocks) as prizes. Carry prize in a nugget pouch (see Crafts section). For possible games, please see the Games section. Sing some Gold Rush songs (see Songs section). As a treat serve Cheese Puff “gold nuggets” or try some of the recipes in the Cubs in the Kitchen section. For more suggestions see “Gold Rush” in the Cub Scout Leader How-to Book , pp. 9- 21 to 9-23. FIELD TRIPS--Please see the Theme Related section in July. GOLD RUSH AND HALLOWEEN How about combining these two as a part of a den meeting? Spin a tale about a haunted mine or a ghost town. CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH James Marshall worked for John Augustus Sutter on building a sawmill on the South Fork of the American River near the area which is now the town of Coloma. On January 24, 1848, he was inspecting a millrace or canal for the sawmill. There he spotted a glittering yellow pebble, no bigger than his thumbnail. Gold, thought Marshall, or maybe iron pyrite, which looks like gold but is more brittle. -
Section 3 Existing Environment
Yuba County Water Agency Narrows Hydroelectric Project FERC Project No. 1403 SECTION 3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT In addition to this introductory information, this section is divided into two subsections. Section 3.1 provides a general description of the river basin in which the Project occurs. Section 3.2 provides existing, relevant and reasonably available information regarding the resources. 3.1 General Description of the River Basin 3.1.1 Existing Water Projects in the Yuba River Basin Sixteen existing water projects occur in the Yuba River Basin. Eight of the water projects are licensed or exempt from licensing by FERC. Together, these eight projects have a combined FERC-authorized capacity of 782.1 MW, of which the Narrows Hydroelectric Project has approximately 1.5 percent of the total capacity. The remaining eight non-FERC-licensed projects do not contain generating facilities. Each of these water projects is described briefly below. 3.1.1.1 Narrows Hydroelectric Project The existing Narrows Hydroelectric Project is described in detail in Section 2 of this PAD. 3.1.1.2 Upstream of the Narrows Hydroelectric Project 3.1.1.2.1 South Feather Power Project The 117.5-MW South Feather Power Project, FERC Project No. 2088, is a water supply/power project constructed in the late 1950s/early 1960s and is owned and operated by the South Feather Water and Power Agency (SFWPA). None of the project facilities or features is located in the Yuba River watershed except for the Slate Creek Diversion Dam, which is located on a tributary to the North Yuba River. -
The Gold Rush of 1849 and the Consequences - Homework
The Gold Rush of 1849 and the Consequences - Homework Give two inferences you can make from this illustration about the Gold Rush in California in 1849. The Gold Rush of 1849 and the Consequences - Homework Another group to go west were the ‘forty-niners’ – gold miners seeking wealth after the discovery of gold in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Prior to the discovery of gold, only 5,000 people had used the trail to head west. From 1849 onwards, tens of thousands used the trail in the hope of finding gold. Thousands more came by ship, especially from China. A rebellion and a famine there were push factors in making people leave. The population of California rocketed to nearly 250,000 by 1852. Date Population Feb 1849 54 Jan 1850 791 Dec 1850 4,000 Dec 1851 6,500 Dec 1852 25,000 Estimated Chinese Population figures for California Gold Ingots this size and weight was what every Panning for Gold in the streams of California prospector wanted to find! could yield much smaller sized pieces. Soon all the surface gold had gone and proper mining companies moved in to mine much deeper below ground to find gold. This meant individuals were very Some people only found small Most found nothing at all…. unlikely to ‘strike it flecks of gold. lucky’ after the early 1850s. The Gold Rush of 1849 and the Consequences - Homework The early mining settlements were just camps, they later developed into towns. They were often full of disappointed miners who had failed to make their fortunes. -
September 14, 2012 File No. 11002A Electronically Filed Honorable
September 14, 2012 File No. 11002A Electronically Filed Honorable Kimberly D. Bose, Secretary Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 888 First Street, NE Washington, DC 20426 SUBJECT: Drum-Spaulding Project, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Project No. 2310- 193 Yuba-Bear Hydroelectric Project, Nevada Irrigation District, Project No. 2266-102 REPLY COMMENTS of Placer County Water Agency on the California Department of Fish and Game’s Federal Power Act § 10(j) Recommendations Dear Secretary Bose: Pursuant to the Commission’s January 19, 2012 Notice Soliciting Motions to Intervene, Protests, Comments, and Recommendations, and the Commission’s February 29, 2012 Notice extending time to file motions to intervene and comments, Placer County Water Agency (PCWA) submits comments on the California Department of Fish and Game’s (CDFG) § 10(j) Recommendations for Pacific Gas and Electric Company’s (PG&E) Drum-Spaulding Project (FERC No. 2310)1 and Nevada Irrigation District’s (NID) Yuba-Bear Hydroelectric Project (FERC No. 2266)2 filed on July 30, 2012. PCWA’s interest in the aforementioned projects and background information are 1 Response to Notice of Ready for Environmental Analysis FEDERAL POWER ACT SECTION 10(j) and 10(a) RECOMMENDATIONS Drum-Spaulding Hydroelectric Project (Project No. 2310-193) (Jul 30, 2012). eLibrary No. 20120730-5181. 2 Response to Notice of Ready for Environmental Analysis FEDERAL POWER ACT SECTION 10(j) and 10(a) RECOMMENDATIONS Yuba-Bear Hydroelectric Project (Project No. 2266-102) (Jul 30, 2012). eLibrary No. 20120730-5174. September 14, 2012 Page 2 explained in detail in its letters of intervention, filed with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC or Commission) on July 30, 20123. -
Deep Storage of Contaminated Hydraulic Mining Sediment Along the Lower Yuba River, California
Nakamura, TK, et al. 2018. Remains of the 19th Century: Deep storage of contaminated hydraulic mining sediment along the Lower Yuba River, California. Elem Sci Anth, 6: 70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.333 RESEARCH ARTICLE Remains of the 19th Century: Deep storage of contaminated hydraulic mining sediment along the Lower Yuba River, California Tyler K. Nakamura*, Michael Bliss Singer†,‡ and Emmanuel J. Gabet* Since the onset of hydraulic gold mining in California’s Sierra Nevada foothills in 1852, the environmental damage caused by displacement and storage of hydraulic mining sediment (HMS) has been a significant ecological problem downstream. Large volumes of mercury-laden HMS from the Yuba River watershed were deposited within the river corridor, creating the anthropogenic Yuba Fan. However, there are outstanding uncertainties about how much HMS is still contained within this fan. To quantify the deep storage of HMS in the Yuba Fan, we analyzed mercury concentrations of sediment samples collected from borings and outcrops at multiple depths. The mercury concentrations served as chemostratigraphic markers to identify the contacts between the HMS and underlying pre-mining deposits. The HMS had mercury con- centrations at least ten-fold higher than pre-mining deposits. Analysis of the lower Yuba Fan’s volume suggests that approximately 8.1 × 107 m3 of HMS was deposited within the study area between 1852 and 1999, representing ~32% of the original Yuba Fan delivered by 19th Century hydraulic gold mining. Our estimate of the mercury mass contained within this region is 6.7 × 103 kg, which is several orders of magnitude smaller than what was estimated to have been lost to the mining process. -
Gold Mining in the Carolinas
Gold Mining in the Carolinas A CONTEXT FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Report submitted to: Haile Gold Mine, Inc. • 7283 Haile Gold Mine Road • Kershaw, South Carolina 29067 Report prepared by: New South Associates • 6150 East Ponce de Leon Avenue • Stone Mountain, Georgia 30083 Natalie Adams Pope – Principal Investigator Brad Botwick – Archaeologist and Author March 31, 2012 • Final Report New South Associates Technical Report 2053 i Gold Mining in the Carolinas Abstract Gold mining was a significant early industry in North This context was written as a part of mitigation of and South Carolina. The first commercial gold mines Archaeological Site 38LA383, the Stamp Mill at Haile in the United States were in North Carolina, and the Gold Mine. The purpose of this context is to provide development of the mining industry led to important guidance for archaeological studies of gold mining developments in the region’s economy, settlement, in the Carolinas, regardless of whether it is related to industry, and landscape. Although a moderate number compliance with Federal laws, heritage studies, or of cultural resources relating to the Carolina gold academic research. This context can be used to aid mining industry have been identified, there has been researchers in making National Register evaluations little archaeological research into it to date. Most of under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation the research has been completed for compliance or Act but does not dictate mitigation efforts or actions, heritage projects, and site identification and evaluation which are negotiated on a case by case basis for eligible has been hindered by the lack of a comprehensive properties. -
Never in My Life Did I Live As Free As Now'': Unbalanced Sex
“Never in my life did I live as free as now”: Unbalanced Sex Ratio and Temporary Female Empowerment. A comparative study of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake and Gold Rush California Camille Marion To cite this version: Camille Marion. “Never in my life did I live as free as now”: Unbalanced Sex Ratio and Temporary Female Empowerment. A comparative study of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake and Gold Rush California. Humanities and Social Sciences. 2019. dumas-02135781 HAL Id: dumas-02135781 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-02135781 Submitted on 21 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. “Never in my life did I live as free as now”: Unbalanced Sex Ratio and Temporary Female Empowerment A comparative study of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake and Gold Rush California MARION Camille Sous la direction de Susanne Berthier-Foglar UFR Langues Etrangères Département Langues, Littératures et Civilisations Etrangères et Régionales Mémoire de master 2 – mention LLCER – 30 crédits Parcours études anglophones Année universitaire 2018-2019 Remerciements Je voudrais remercier Susanne Berthier-Foglar pour son aide et ses encouragements, ainsi que pour tout le temps qu’elle a consacré à m’aider dans la rédaction de ce mémoire. -
Request for Rehearing of Order on Waiver of Water Quality Certification
FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION ____________________________________ ) Yuba County Water Agency ) ) P-2246-065 Yuba River Development Project ) ____________________________________) FOOTHILL WATER NETWORK’S REQUEST FOR REHEARING OF ORDER ON WAIVER OF WATER QUALITY CERTIFICATION Pursuant to Federal Power Act (FPA) section 313(a) and the Commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure, see 18 C.F.R. § 385.713, the Foothills Water Network and its member organizations petition for rehearing of the “Order on Waiver of Water Quality Certification,” 171 FERC ¶ 61,029 (Order), issued in the relicensing of Yuba County Water Agency’s (YCWA) Yuba River Development Project (Project). At YCWA’s request, the Order finds that the California State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board) waived its authority under section 401(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act (CWA)1 to issue water quality certification for the relicensing of the Project. This finding is based on the Commission’s recently adopted interpretation of the one-year deadline for a state to act on a request for water quality certification (§ 401 request) under CWA section 401. Under the Commission’s interpretation, a State waives its authority to certify an activity (§ 401 authority) if an applicant withdraws and resubmits a § 401 request and the State does not act on the withdrawn request within one year. This interpretation reverses the Commission’s longstanding position that an applicant’s withdrawal-and-resubmittal of a request triggers a new one-year period for the State to act. The Commission’s new interpretation of Section 401 is not supported by the statute or court precedent interpreting the statute, is an inequitable result under 1 33 U.S.C. -
Yuba County Water Agency's Yuba River Development Project
Yuba County Water Agency’s Yuba River Development Project Relicensing YUBA COUNTY WATER AGENCY Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA), located in Marysville, California, is a public agency formed in 1959 pursuant to California State law (Water Code § 20500 et with a capacity of 150 kilowatts at a flow of 5 cfs; (3) New Bullards Bar Minimum seq.). The provisions of the California Water Code, under which YCWA was Flow Transformer, located adjacent to the New Bullards Bar Minimum Flow formed (WC§§ 20500–29978; 22115), permit YCWA to generate, distribute and sell Powerhouse; and (4) appurtenant facilities and features including access roads electricity. within the FERC Project Boundary. YUBA RIVER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT NARROWS 2 DEVELOPMENT consists of: (1) Narrows 2 Powerhouse Penstock is a single rock tunnel, concrete lined (20 ft diameter) at the upper 376 feet YCWA owns and operates the Yuba River Development Project, which is located in and steel lined (14 ft diameter) for the final 371.5 feet. The penstock has a Yuba County, California, on the Yuba River and its tributaries including the North maximum flow capacity of 3,400 cfs; (2) Narrows 2 Powerhouse, an indoor and Middle Yuba River and Oregon Creek. A portion of the area within the FERC powerhouse located at the base of the United States Army Corps of Engineer’s Project Boundary is located on federally-owned land managed by the United States (USACE) Englebright Dam. The powerhouse consists of one vertical axis Francis Department of Agriculture Forest Service as part of Plumas and Tahoe national turbine with a capacity of 55 MW at a head of 236 feet and flow of 3,400 cfs; (3) forests. -
NEW BULLARDS BAR DAM WHITEWATER BOATING STUDY December 19, 2008
Yuba County Water Agency Yuba River Development Project FERC Project No. 2246 NEW BULLARDS BAR DAM WHITEWATER BOATING STUDY December 19, 2008 1.0 Introduction The Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) intends to apply to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for a new license for the Yuba River Development Project (Project), FERC Project No. 2246, by April 30, 2014. At the current time, YCWA intends to relicense the Project using FERC’s Integrated Licensing Process (ILP), which requires YCWA file with FERC a Pre- Application Document (PAD), which would include existing, relevant and reasonably available information regarding resources that could potentially be affected by continued operation of the Project, sometime between five and five and one-half years before the existing license expires on April 30, 2016. YCWA determined that it had an opportunity in fall 2008 during scheduled higher flow releases from New Bullards Bar Dam to gather additional information regarding the potential whitewater boating characteristics of North Yuba River and Yuba Rivers from New Bullards Bar Dam to Rices Crossing. To facilitate this data gathering, YCWA consulted with American Whitewater (AW) and performed the study described below. YCWA and AW agreed that performance of this study did not presuppose the outcome of the Relicensing with regards to whitewater boating. YCWA Unequivocally States Whitewater Boating Is An Inherently Dangerous Activity That Could Result In Serious Injury Or Death For Participants. YCWA Does Not Promote Whitewater Boating In Any Way And Specifically Not In The North Yuba River and Yuba Rivers From New Bullards Bar Dam To Rices Crossing. -
Mercury Contamination from Historical Gold Mining in California by Charles N
Mercury Contamination from Historical Gold Mining in California by Charles N. Alpers, Michael P. Hunerlach, Jason T. May, of mercury distribution, ongoing transport, and Roger L. Hothem transformation processes, and the extent Mercury contamination from historical of biological uptake in areas affected by gold mines represents a potential risk to historical gold mining. This information human health and the environment. This has been used extensively by federal, fact sheet provides background informa- state, and local agencies responsible for tion on the use of mercury in historical resource management and public health in gold mining and processing operations in California. California, with emphasis on historical hydraulic mining areas. It also describes Gold Mining History results of recent USGS projects that Vast gravel deposits from ancestral address the potential risks associated with rivers within the Sierra Nevada contained mercury contamination. large quantities of placer gold, derived Figure 2. Gravel deposits were washed into Miners used mercury (quicksilver) from the weathering of gold-quartz veins. sluices (from center to lower part of figure) where to recover gold throughout the western Gold mining evolved from hydraulic gold was recovered. United States. Gold deposits were either mining of unconsolidated placer deposits As mining progressed into deeper grav- hardrock (lode, gold-quartz veins) or in the early days of the Gold Rush, to els, tunnels were constructed to facilitate placer (alluvial, unconsolidated gravels). underground mining of hardrock depos- drainage and to remove debris from the Underground methods (adits and shafts) its, and finally to large-scale dredging of bottom of hydraulic mine pits. The tunnels were used to mine hardrock gold depos- low-grade gravel deposits, which in many also provided a protected environment for its.