New taxa and new combinationsin AustralianPittosporaceae

By EleanorM. Bennettx

Abstract The following lour new speciesare described.-Billurdieraunifrorc, occidentalis, Bwsarialasiophyllaand, Cheirunthera ahernifolia. In addition l2 newvarieties are described- I in Cheiraniheq,9in Bursariaand 2in . The genusRhltidosporrtn F. Muell, is Dlacedin synonymyunder Billardiera. A rcvisedsystematic arrangement within the -Blllarrliara is outlined.

Introduction The following new names and new combinations are published in order to validate their inclusion in a forthcoming paper on the . This it is hoped will appear as a family part in the proposed Flora of . ADart from the Dublication of a number of new combinations and the description of severai new species and varieties, a revised classification of the genus Billartliera is provided. The division into sections is based on the . and that into series on overall morphology since it is considered that the use of fruit characters alone is insulicient to provide natural groupings within the sections.

Billardiera In a previous paper (1972) I combined the then two acceptedgenera BillarJiera anrf Mariantlws rmder the former name. McGillivray (1975) reinstated the genus F. Muell. (which was included under by Bentham) and which I have here placed in synonymy under Billqrdiera seriesProcumbentes. The species described undet Rhltidosporum have a habit and capsule similar to those of the Western Australian Billardiera li1losc. Because Billardiera already shows much morphological variation between species it seems better to consider Rhytidosporum as belonging to it also. In the following systematic arrangement I have decided to follow the previously accepted characters and to divide the genus into two sectiols based on the fruit. In the sectiol Billardiera, two series have been made, based on the number of loculi in the ovary. Series Biloculares shows variation in the corolla, but a divisionbelow sertesseems unwauanted. In the section Ma,.iqnthLtssevetal charactershave been used in combination to distinguishthe series. 1. Habit; typically the are twiners but in one series they are low or br.tshyshrubs. 2. : whether the petals are free or coherent. 3. Fruit; a considerableamount of variation is present particularly in the shapeand method of dehiscence. "bridging" The series Parriforae I believe to be the group between the two sections. Thjs series has a loculicidally dehiscent capsule, but is distinct from the other series in having pithy compartments for the . In the

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gALOPETTALAE ONCOSPOREAE -L \1/" lil PAR,l{I FLORAE UNILOCULARES

BILOCULA RES I .4:\ (.':l:rij ,ntl \-.- Y T @ il@

FigLrre l-Fruit of Billardiera Sefies. A-Pictae (8. bicolot). B C Bignoniae (-B. bienoniaka). D-E-Calopetatae. D Stamen, x 3 5. E*Capsule (8. ringens). F-G- Oicosporeae \F B. granulala. G B. caetuleo-punctarr). H-Parviflorae (8. paniflora): I pith, 2-pjthy compartments for , I Bilocularcs (8. coriacea),beuy and t.s. of berr\. J Uniloculares(8. longifora); and l.s.ol berry. 186 ,8I 'ed,{1olce1o1 se 'lg 'qlLreg tou' €d ul (€981)9ll:l JtsnY salow.toNseues snqluP!.tDl4[ (wruodsuLto snu33 aq1ur peqlJcsepueoq p"q qclqlA sar.ress(uerlluefl ur seiceds,(1uo 5ql Suraq LlluJg ( zJrnJJ snnlttt_o.r8 w) ',\ou 'otc3[ ]]ouuoq N A (zctn1) otolnuot8ora!ptDlllg:slrJJds JdAloFe'I (t98 1)9It: I rtsny Il''Iltueg aoa.todso)uO' JessnLllao! nn : ru,{uors?{ rtleuueg 'I (3: I 3ll) ,\.ou quoc l g ( q1ueg) aue.rotlsoruo:9 solres ',{sr^rllrDrlN 'O (SfOt)SE:t sedolel wntolt!;ordwnrodsopttily :Lu.{uors€g ',\ou 'C) qruo.'tleuueB I l a (,{ur,\q1rgc11 E}BrlsordErolprslll8

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]]euueg IAJ'A( ^reH xe lutunrC) suaEw.tD.DtprDlltB : salJeds,{luo 'snom€u"qc 'luoJsrgep ,{ll"prcrlr aol4 nsdD) lurod elelnqnsl.roqs " qlr^\ pelJ"lluoJ ,{ltdnlq! ueql qt8uel sJe enb eorq1 JoJ papyp uuatuoltf .rJqluv ee{ ,{11zn1ue,to 'e]"uuoJJo tnq lsrg t" slrtad esoqu,{Joc [lasuap u s olJtl loultJ prc€rluor """,.:lJ:ii"':1""",.:J!{;ltJilt*":?r'":iffi; Eapu,^cotnno) erdnrqeElnqns sr^orq 'Elsuuoi srtirbntriuol se:i red r!!au\{ L|-n]€]:qtu.V rEaqrl LLInLuoppes Lunllllld D/rlad Twiners. F/owers solitary or in few-flowered corymbs, Pela/s free- lanceolate or linear. Capsule loculicidally dehiscent, ovoid or cylindrical, glabrous.

Included species:Billarcliera granulata (Turcz.) E.M. Bennett, B. drummondianq (Putterl.)E.M. Bennett,B. coeruleo-punctatq(Klotsch) E.M. Bennett.

Series6: Parviflorae E.M. Bennett, ser. nov. (Fig. I h) Marianthus ser.Norm.tles Benth., Fl. Austr. l:116(1863),in part, not as to lectotype. Marianthus sertesProcumbentes Berth., loc. cit, in part, not as to lectotype. Type species:Billardiera parviflora DC. Cd?sa1adehiscentia loculicidalis seminibus in carpellisfibtosis inclusis. Slender twiner. corymbose with up to 5 . Pela/.t free, linear. Capsule loculicrdally dehiscent with fibrous compartments in which the seedsare embedded.

Included species: Billardiera parviflora DC.

Section lI: Billardiera BillqrdieraSm., Spec.Bot. New Holl. l:t.l(1793). Type. B. scandensSm. Fruit a berry.

Seriesl: BilocularesE.M. Bennett,ser. nov. (Fig. 1i) Section Eubillerdiera Pax in Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. lII, 2a: 113(189l)nom. illeg. Type species:Billardierq scandensSm. Baccabicellularis, rt/1o brevi, < 5 mm longo. semrrr.in endocarpomedulloso inclusa. Berry 2-celled, style short, .< 5 mm long. Seeds embedded in pithy endocarp.

Included species: Billardiera scandensSm., B. coriqcea Benth., ,8. foribunda (Putterl.) F. Muell., B. wriiJbliq DC, B. sericeq (Turcz.) E.M. Bennett, B. Iaxifora (Benth.) E.M. Bennett, B. lehmannianq F. Muell., B. sericophora F. Muell.,,. cymosaF.Muell.,,8. versicolorF.Muell., B. unifloraE M. Bennett.

Billardierascandens Sm. var. sericataE.M. Bennett,var. nov. (Fig.2 A-C).

Folrrlellipticalanceolata, subtus pileis longis hinnuleis sericea, supra adpresso-pubescentia deindeglabrescentia. Pedn-el/l dense sertcet. frre. North of Booti Booti, , 13 Oct. 1953,L.A.S. Johnson (HbLOTYPE: NSW 135428). Zeales ellipticJanceolate, + petiolate 22-70 x 9 25 mm, undersurface sericeous with long fawn hairs, upper surface appressedpubescent becoming slabrescent. Flov)ets lerminal, solitary (occasionally 1 or 2 additional flowers in upper axils). Pedicels 5 ll mm, densely hirsute. Distribution: Eastern coastal areas of New South Wales and southern Queens- land from Nerangto Tuofold BaY This differs from th€ typical variety in having elliptic leaveswith a sericeous undersurface, the varietal epithet referring to the latter character. 188 68I

'l 'rerqru'rq .','rrfl3fit?frlyr*;l',*rr"';rir'i,2\-e .! I lred€s-r x Buro,.olrc SZtSfI y' LuorJ tJlqruErqSuuo\oll- oJeJJnsrrddn .)oEJms Iy SN ILV .Je^ .urs J ]eot_A Jr/1oJ JEol... v 1ouueg J I J otorlras saapuD.s otatptolltg_3_y_7 etiirg

lf !? E 11: 1r

(h Billardierauniflora E.M. Bennett,sp. nov. (Fig. 2 D-F)

Frzlen volubilis. Folid linearia ad angustolanceolata.F/or?J solitarii, raro 2-l; pedicelligraciles, glabri. Scpalaovatolanceolata; pelali lanceolati. Type:Porl Lincoln, South Aushalia, -/V.1.Brolre (HOLOTYPE: MEL 63268)- Twiner or creeper up to 1 rn high. Learcs ltnear to narrow-lanceolate, erltire or crenate, shortly petiolate, l4 50 x I 9 mm, glabrous to sparsely pubescenton surface,often denselypubescent along margins. Flowcrssolitary, occasionally2 3 together, pendulous or erect, cream or white, occasionally sullused purple. Pedicels 9 14 mrn, glabrous. ovatelalceolate, glabrous, margin ciliate (2)4-6 x 0 5-l mm. Petals free, lanceolate,12 16 mm, Jamina i 4 mm wide. Olar.yglabrous or hirsute. Distibution: In South Australia within 60 km S and SE of Adelaide,around Port Lincoln, and on Kangaroo lsland. This speciesdiffers from B. scandensin the sepals,which are shorter, not as pubescentand do not have a prominent midvein. lt differs liom B. yersicolorin having few pendulous flowers, ionger sepals,more spreading petals,and in the nargins of the leavesnot beingclosely revolute. The speci6c epithet refersto the inflorescencewhich is usually l-flowered.

Series2: UnilocularesE.M. Bennettser. nov. (Fig. Jj) Sccttor. Billaftlieriopsrs Pax in Engler and Prantl, Nat. PJanzerrfam.III, 2a: I l3(1891)norn. illeg. Type species: La,6i1l. Saccaunicellularis siDe medulla; rI'1y'rr :' 5 nlm longus. Berry 1-celled without pith; style > 5 nrm long.

Billardieralongiflora Labill., Nov. Holl. Pl. l:64, 1.89(1805)

Billardieralongiflora Labill. var. ovalis(Lindl.) E.M. Bennett,stat. et comb.nov.

Basionym:Billartliera olalrs Lind1.,Bot. Reg. t.1719(1834). This variety differs from the typical one in having broad lanceolateor ovate leaveswith revolute margirrs;in the var. longiflorathe leavesare linear to lanceolateand flat.

Bursaria

Bursariaincana Lindl. in Mitch., Trop. Aust. 224(1848)

Bursariaincana Lindl. var. septentrionalisE.M. Bennett,var. nov. (Fig. 3 A-D).

Orariunt tnca]f,urn. li1lalrl.r pubescens. Type: East slopes of Spider Sumnrit lear Mareeba (Maruba.) Queensland; 20 April 1961.D.W. Goodull THOLOIYPE: BRI 041128). Orarl hoary-pubescenl. Fruit pubescent. Disttibution: Cook district of Queensland. This variety diffen from the typical one in the hoary ovary and fruit, which in var. incanq ate glabrous. The epithet refers to the northern distri- bution of the taxon. 190 I6I

'(Hllad) eure8 x '€ 'Je,&olC. 9l€€ t{guro{ltv €rrlnrC H T Je..I-C x -j I x lolq.uerq Suuo^{olC-3 }leuuog trAIa slDtudplrro D!.tDst|Ig-g I '8Zl ruo4 x 'trnlj orntEturul-C 't x 'trnlJ ?urdole^ec*J x ',{re^O-{ '€ lio'.re,rolC IIg IIV t 'I./{fJ 'tE^ S x V tleuueg stlDuoutaatdas Iput1 ouD)ut DltDer€.*C V-t ern8rl ' tl-,- ,. , ,la=-t, ffi "m./1 @Y@ Bursaria lasiophylla E.M. Bennett, sp. nov.

6 rle). elatus, usque ad 2.5 nlnt ahus. Fora 2 .f-fasciculata,ovata, obovata ad lance- olata, glabra vel sparsimpubescentia supra, cinerea ad albida vel auiea incanasubtus;margines planiad revoluti. htfiorcsecentiaab ftcemo ad paniculamparce ramosam varians, pubeacens vel glabra, axillaris vel in ramulo axillari terminalis. ,S.'paldlinearilanceolata; decidua. Orar-ramglabrum vel pubescens. Tlpe: East bank of Queanbeyan River above Woolcara Captain FIat, New South Wales, Jan. 1963, Walker (HOLOTY PE: CANB l2l106; ISOTYPE: NSW) Tall up to 2 5 m high: young stems hoary becomingglabrescent. Leares 2 4 together, ovate, obovate to lanceolate, glabrous or with scattered pubescenceabove, greytowhite or goldenhoary below, 4 30x2 l0mm:margin flat to revolute. InJlorescencevarying from a raceme to a sparsely branchld panicle,pubescent or glabrous,axillary, or terminalto axillarybranchlets. Sepals I 2 x 0 5 mm, linear-lanceolate,deciduous, ciliate - glabrous. Or,aryglabrous to pubescent2-4 mm high; style0. 5-1 mm long, glabrous. Capsaleglabrous or pubescentat baseand along midline 4-7 x 5 8 mm. This speciesdiffers from Bn saria itcana in that the panicle and under- surface of the leaf are not denselyhoary, and the sepalsare not hoary. It differsfrom Bursatia spi osa (rvhichis glabrous)in having a somewhathoary undersurface to the leaf, and lrom Bursaria longisepala in having deciduous sepals, The specilicepithet refers to the hoary undersurfaceofthe leaf.

Bursaria lasiophylla var. lasiophvlla. (Fi-q.a A-C)

lcar,e.robovate 6 14 x 3 4 mm glabrousor with scatteredhairs on upper surface. Petalsglabrous 4-5 .5 x I 2 nm. Olary glabrous2 4 mm. Di.\tribulion:Southern New SouthWales and northernto north easternVictoria.

Bursarialasiophylla var. albicomaE.M. Bennett,var. nov. (Fig. 4 D-F)

Fotd linearilanceolata:apicibus recurvis - uncinatis. Parlcrlaepubescentes, in ranrulis axillaribusterminales. Or,.rrl-rrr albidum rncanum. ?r.,pe.Harrison Creek Gully. South Australia.2 Aug. 1958.D.N. Kraehenbuehl s.n. (HOLOTYPE : AD96422084) Zealeslinear-lanceolate. 9-30 x 5 l0 nm: apex recurvedand + uncinate. Palicle shortly pubescent, terminal on axillary branchlets. O |ar-_r,denscly white hoary. 3-4 mn high. Di,rtrihutiotl:Palmerto Mannum areasof South Australia. This variety diffcrs from the tvpical variety in havirrg broader, Jonger leavesand a hoary ovary, the epithetreferring to the latter character.

Bursarialasiophylla var. atriplicinaE.M. Bennett,var. nov. (Fig. 4 G-J)

,E1/, lanceolata,marginibus revolulis. Pdrl.r/1d?pubescenres terninales vel axillares. Ov.r, /r/''l glabrum. T1,pe:Talbrngo,22 miles frorr Tumut, New South Wales, May 1911,H.E. Z//er (HOLOTYPE: NSW) ZeareJlanceolate, (10) l+30 x 2 6 mm; margin revolute. Ponicleshorlly pubescent,termirlal or axlllary. Petals 3-4 x 0.75 1 mm. Ot'ary glabrous, 2 4 rnrnhigh. .tyle 0 5 0 75 mm long.glabrorrs. 192 g6I 'StI99 'soABo'I .] 'S 'pe^oluer .IEJ I urorg I x x lBdaspuE lttod .uo qll^\ ro,rolJ-) DtloJt^.tDd're^ Dl{qdotsD! t)t.tDs.1g .1 (,l[SN) IeI^I 'uall3'3 ]touuag N f ) /16l H rlrorc tx'ro^\olc f zx'tcalJo sJ I z x Jeello e.EJrnsropuil-H 'I x 'so^Bo_I. out)lld!.tlD r!^ DlllqdotsDl D!.tDstng C Ieuuaa'.{r!^O--l l^la 'spr1g-3 'se^€e'I I D l80ZZn96 (]V urorJ S.t x € x Z x C[ lleuueg I]\IJ Druo) -1qlDre^ D ,(qdottolDt.tos.Itg-q gNVl Luorl x lspng 'se^ee_I C'rr^ 90nzl tx're^\olC J Z B I ! V olltqdolsDl Ieuuag l\l Z Dlt,fttdolsDlottD:.!ng-J-V I er[EtJ Distfibution:Eastetn areas of centraland southernNew SouthWales. extending into the south easternand westernareas of Victoria. The epithet refers to the resemblanceof the Ieavesto those of some species of Atriplex.

Bursarialasiophylla var. parvifoliaE.M, Bennett,var. nov. (Fig. 4 K-L)

aolr. ovatolanceolata, glabra vel = pubescentia,deinde glabresceniia. Pan ic ulae ramosae,incanae- Otar,rt??l€viter ad densepubescens. Type: M| William, Victoria, Feb. 1872, D. Sullivn (HOLOTYPE:MEL 66145) lea|es ovatelanceolate,4 6 x 2-3 mm, glabrousor + pubescentbecoming glabrescent. ,4xil/rir'-r, spines slender, 7-12 mm long. Panicle racernose' ;hortly hoary pubescent. Sepalt ovate. Olarl slightly to denselypubescent. Distribution:Inglervood to Stawellin westernVictoria. This variety differsfrom the other varietiesin the small leaves(to which the epithetrefers) and in the racemosepanicle.

Bursariaoccidentalis E.M. Bennett,sp. nov. (Fig. 3 E-H)

F/-r4?-rvel arborparvai rami spinislateralibus. Folia linearia,lanceolata, oblanceolata ad obovata, 4 ad nodan fasciata,infra densealbido-incana, sllpra parceet brcviter pubes- ce lia- Inflotesrc tlc, race'nus,racemus corymbosus, \el panicula parce ramosa,tenninalis. Sepa1,deltoidea, incana persistentia. Orarrit, glabrum. Ipe: 10 nriles from turnoff to Useless Loop from Denham Road, Shark Bay, WesternAustralja, 3 Sept. 1975,E.M. Bennett3315 (HOLOTYPE: PERTH) Shrub or small , branches with lateral thorns. Zeat'es linear to lanceolate,oblanceolate to obovate, solitary or up to 4 cluster€dat node, 20-65x 3 I 3 m m, undersurfacedensely wh ite hoary,upper surfacewith scattered short pubescence. Itdlorescenceterminal to branchlets, a raceme, corymbose racenre or a very sparsely branched panicle. Peclicels hoary ' Sepals 1-2 x I 1.5 mm deltoid, acute, hoary, persistent. Petals 5 8 x 1-l 5 mm' crean, 3-nerved. Stsnens 4 6 mm long. Olarl glabrous, 2 4 nm high. Capslle glabrous,round, 6 9 x 8 12 mm. Di;tributioil: Fron Shark Bay-Geraldtonarea south east to the Kalgoorlie area of WesternAustralia. This speciesdiffers from B. incana.to whjch it js most closely related, in the panicle being terminal to the short lateral branchlets,the flowering branchesbearing lateral thorns and in the sepalshaving an obvious midvein. Bursaria incono has a panicle terminal to the long branches.the flowering branchesunarmed and the sepalshoary, obscuringany venation. The epithet occidetltalisrefen to the western distribution of the species.

Bursarialongisepala Donrin, Biblioth. Bot. 89: 1 14(1925)

Bursarialongisepala var. pilosaE.M. Bennett,var. nov. (Fig.6 A-C)

Fdl/a infra incana. Sepala ca. 5'5 mm longa. ?etdla ca. 7 5 lnn1 longa. frre. Nattai River near Colo, New South Wales, 26 Nov. 1911,E. Cheel (HoLOTYPE: NSW 728691) '7 Leates hoary on undersurface. Sepals ca. 5 5 mm long. Petols ca. mm ]ong. s6I 'sFled SurpoeJxe'3uol urru 'usus s.l t sualuDls n[u I x .lrlad-snosnp?. s1,dag x t-g. z 'qrlr/.r 6-E oL-97, olBloecu"l sadoaT q?uq ru Z u€ql ssol ,{llensn urnrperu o} ,,r\o1 (9n8t :EdAJo'ioH) 'y.6I '^oN '€rprlsnv ')lld 116ov ,lleJ,{euols €t sslard X I qlnos uosn8rol ..ad,{.; 'E 'e8uolurLtr 9uapejxeelelacl 9.f tDulaDtS €lelooruel,.foJ .ujZ + onbLunreld,.rtr1.U

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Fig:jrc 5 A-C-Bursaria spinosaCav. ',ar. australisE.M. Bennett. A-Leaves, x l. B- lnflorescence,x 0 5. C Flower, x 4. All from AD 96710134. D E-Brtsatia spinosa v^t. lanceolata E.M. Bennett. D Inflorescence,x 0'5. E-Flower, x 5. From AD 97118145. F Burcaria spi osa var. obovata E.M. Bennett. Branchlet with spines and leaves.x l. From CANB 73151. L96 L6l '67 ' (tr991 ceq-re11) 6lll r qns 8ag 1og lpur1 xe uunJ V s!&aul C

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Figure 6 A-C-Blt/saria longisepalaDomin var- pilosa E.M. Bennett. A-Leaves, x l. B-Flower, x 4. C-Ovary, i 3. All from NSw 728691. D-H-Cheiranthetu alter iJblia E.M. Bennett. D-Inflorescence, x 1. E-L€al x l'5. F Anther, x 9. G-Ovary. x 8. 1 Cheirantherctcyanea Btongn. var. ,rredfti E.M. Bennett. Fruiting branchlet. 661 (z)-sr099

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