NAME East Tytherley PARISH East Tytherley HUNDRED Thorngate DISTRICT NGR SU 294290 GEOLOGY Upper chalk, Reading Beds and Clay

SITE CONTEXT The church sits at 45m OD on a gentle S facing slope. Manor Fm at the N edge of the village, some 600m away from the church is at 60m OD. The nearest surface water supply is a small pond in a coppice some 0.75km W of the church. The River Dun is 2km S of the church.

PLAN TYPE & DESCRIPTION Regular row?

The earthworks near Manor Fm need investigation to be able to analyse the plan of the deserted settlement. It is thought that the plan may be based upon a row alongside the holloway running N through the centre of the field E of Manor Farm. The C19 picture is one of a church/manor complex and an isolated farm (Manor Fm).

The church and Manor site within the park are an interesting feature. Was there once a village around the church which was moved to outside the park which was also then subsequently deserted?

AREAS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

The church and the site of the manor (SMR 20) lie within an AHAP. There are extensive earthworks S and E of the church some of which may be landscaping. However, it is worth noting that the church is built on a platform which forms part of a series of such features, one of which was the site of the old manor.

N of the church is a large rectangular area bounded by the road on its E and N sides which is also within the AHAP as there do appear to be some earthworks within this area and the hollow-way probably continues into this area. Further work is required here to ascertain the true archaeological potential. Within this area along the N edge is part of the park pale. To the N of the rectangular area, the AHAP extends to the E of Manor Farm to cover the remains of what may be a deserted settlement. Again, work is required to provide more information about the earthworks which survive as well as the house alongside the drive to Manor Farm which may be a remnant of the old settlement.

The AAP covers the area on the E side of the road and includes the earthworks at New Site 8 and the platforms within the wood at New Site 3.

CHURCH & CHURCHYARD St Peter. Chancel Early English but mainly Victorian elsewhere (Pevsner and Lloyd, 1967). The churchyard is of a regular L- shape. It was probably originally rectangular and extended at a later date. The church and graveyard are positioned on a level platform which forms the last and highest of a series of similar platforms which were associated with the manor house which stood nearby.

BUILDINGS (Listed) Queenwood Cottages Once 2 Surviving building of Robt. Owens Harmony Hall Settlement II Orchard Fmhse C18 and early C19 II Letterbox Cottage C17 altered C18 and C20 II The Smithy C18 altered C19 II Church of St Peter II* Rolle House Once the school 1718 II* Oaklands Fmhse C16 encased late C17 extended C19 II North Lodge c. 1850 II Aberdeen Cottages C17 and C18 II Nos 1 and 2 South Lodge c.1870 II The Water House Mid C18 II Granary to rear of Water House Late C18 II Hall 1868-71 II Stables 70m N of Lockerley Hall 1870 II Game larder and ice-house Late C19 II Home Fmhse and dairy and smokehouse Mid C19 II Home Fm, farmyard ranges 1848 II Hay barn/mangle shed Mid C19 II Gas House 50m N of Home Fmhse Mid C19 II Estate workshop Mid C19 II Manor Farmhouse c.1700 altered C18 and C19 Earlier core II Barn 30m E of Manor Fmhse c.1600 II* Barn 30m E (C18) and barn 50m NE (C17) of Manor Fmhse II Dairy Cottage C17 remodelled C18 II Mill Cottage C17 and C18 II

SMR DATA 8 29222900 Med church 13 29002900 Med deer park licenced 1226-44 20 29262896 Med manor house Ewk, documentry and surface finds SAM 449 45 29802826 Ice house 19C 47 29402940 Med village mentioned in Domesday Book 52 29742817 Post-med moated site Lockerley Hall (possible) 53 29302800 Post-med model farm inc gas house - notable in Hants 55 28402880 Landscape Park 57 29702810 Victorian landscape park

ADDITIONAL SITES/FEATURES 1 29282944 Probable settlement earthworks. A sunken road aligned N-S for most of its length divides the field to the SE of Manor Fm. There are earthworks on both sides of the street. The hollow-way can be seen extending S of the road towards the church in a recent aerial photograph. Towards the N of the field the street veers NE to join the modern road to Broughton. 2 29362909 Earthwork boundary/hedge bank running alongside road 3 29432932 Two platforms approx 6-7m long and 4m wide. The platforms survive to a height of 1-1.5m at their greatest. Some other small earthworks including ditches in area of woodland. 4 29272927 (Approximate position) Shallow linear ditch 4-5m in length. In woodland. 5 29202917 Slight linear earthworks. Possibly shallow ditches with low banks. 6 29372933 Earthworks. Undefined - appear as an area of humps and bumps. 7 29332920 An area of earthworks which may be associated with the disued pits at this location. The earthworks continue to the S towards the church. 8 29462907 A small area of earthworks bounded on the E by a scarp slope upto 1m high.

CARTOGRAPHIC SOURCES 1:2,500 SU 2828-2928, 2829-2929; Tithe map 21M65/F7/70/2 (1852), 85M71/PZ2 (1807) ().

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY HISTORIC SOURCES Domesday Gilbert of Breteuil. Papald holds from him. Kening held it from King Edward in freehold as a manor. Then and now it paid tax for 1 hide. Land for 1 pl. In lordship 0.5 pl; 2 villagers and 1 smallholder with 1 pl. Value 10s.

Alfwy son of Saewulf from the King. His father held it from King Edward in freehold. Then and now it paid tax for 3 hides. Land for 4 pl. In lordship 2 pl; 2 villagers and 9 smallholders with 2 pl. 2 mills at 27s 6d; meadow, 26 acres; woodland at 30 pigs. The value was 60s; now 40s.

Subsidy Rolls 1334 2. 5. 0 1524 6. 7. 6 (27 taxpayers)

Manorial Documents

Hearth Tax 1665 74 hearths chargeable (24 houses) 14 hearths not chargeable (14 hearths) Total 38

PLACE NAME 1086 Tiderlei OE Tiedreleah 'fragile wood', as perhaps of a newly establised plantation. After DB most simplex forms may refer to East Tytherley, as the tradition of acknowledging West Tytherley by separate name seems to be early. E. Tytherley may therefore be the parent settlement.

PHOTOGRAPHS

OTHER PROJECT ARCHIVE ELEMENTS Michael de Columbars probably inclosed the park with a ditch and a hedge and his grandson paid to keep it inclosed and to make other inclosures.

East Tytherley manor house which was sited near the church was a fine Elizabethan house which was demolished in the early years of C20. After demolition, excavations discovered C13 remains (VCH Vol IV p 515).