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NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY of ATHENS Department of Naval NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering DIPLOMA THESIS ALONIATI ELENI IRINI “PARAMETRIC DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE HYDRODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF DTMB 5415M WITH RESPECT TO SONAR DOME’S DESIGN VARIABLES” SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR GREGORY J. GRIGOROPOULOS SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: PROFESSOR GREGORY J. GRIGOROPOULOS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR KONSTANTINOS BELIBASSAKIS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR GEORGE ZARAPHONITIS ATHENS 2015 1 2 Dedicated to my father, for teaching me how to sail and inspiring my life. 3 FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The present document constitutes my Diploma Thesis for acquiring the Diploma of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). The title of it is “Parametric design and optimization of the hydrodynamic performance of DTMB 5415M with respect to sonar dome’s design variables” and it was supervised by Professor G.Grigoropoulos. Since my diploma thesis is product of knowledge obtained through my studies at NTUA, I would like to express my gratefulness to all the professors that guided and taught me during these years. Throughout the elaboration of this document, I gained both theoretical and practical knowledge which will be able to use later in the shipping industry. I learned about parametric design, hydrodynamic evaluation and optimization strategies. Apart from technical experience, I learned more as regards patience, persistence and discipline. This work couldn’t have been made without the contribution and support of my supervisor, professor Gregory Grigoropoulos. Apart from his guidelines, theoretical knowledge and technical experience, his support was valuable for me. I would also like to thank my father Stavros to whom I have dedicated my thesis, my mother Katerina, my sister Maria and my beloved friends who supported me through the years I spent in university. Finally I would like to express my gratefulness to Dimitrios Makris, a graduated student from the department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering for his valuable help on my study. Aloniati Eleni Irini Athens, December 2015 4 5 Table of Contents FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................ 4 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. 8 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ 9 LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ 13 CHAPTER 1: SHIP DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION ..................................................................... 16 1.1 General principles of ship design ..................................................................................... 16 1.2 Parametric ship hydrodynamic design–CAESES environment ......................................... 19 1.3 Hydrodynamic tools-past and present- ........................................................................... 21 1.4 Seakeeping studies- then and now- ................................................................................. 24 1.5 Genetic algorithms for hull optimization ......................................................................... 26 1.6 Optimization strategies .................................................................................................... 27 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 28 CHAPTER 2: NAVAL VESSELS AND THE CASE OF DTMB 5415M ............................................. 29 2.1. The case study .................................................................................................................. 29 2.2 Service profile of naval vessels- Definition of the Objective functions .......................... 30 2.3 Numerical results of the parent hull ................................................................................ 33 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 43 CHAPTER 3: PARAMETRIC DESIGN ......................................................................................... 44 3.1 Parametric design within CAESES environment .............................................................. 44 3.2 Main hull part ................................................................................................................... 45 3.3 Fore part ............................................................................................................................ 46 3.4 Hull variation..................................................................................................................... 52 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 54 CHAPTER 4: GENETIC ALGORITHMS ....................................................................................... 55 4.1 Genetic algorithms ............................................................................................................ 55 4.2 NSGA II .............................................................................................................................. 56 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 60 CHAPTER 5: SHIP RESISTANCE AND SEAKEEPING THEORY-HYDROSYNAMIC TOOLS ........... 61 5.1 SHIP’S RESISTANCE ........................................................................................................... 61 5.1.1 Wave resistance ............................................................................................................. 63 5.1.2 Bulbous bow and the case of sonar dome .................................................................... 66 5.1.3 How a bulbous bow affects ship’s resistance and seakeeping-the case of sonar dome. ................................................................................................................................................. 68 5.2 Seakeeping theory ............................................................................................................ 70 5.3 Hydrodynamic tools .......................................................................................................... 72 6 5.3.1 SWAN2 ........................................................................................................................... 72 5.3.2 Strip theory and Frank code .......................................................................................... 79 REFERENCIES ........................................................................................................................... 82 CHAPTER 6: NUMERICAL RESULTS ......................................................................................... 83 6.1 MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION CONCERNING SONAR DOME’S DESIGN VARIABLES ONLY ........................................................................................................................................ 83 6.2 SINGLE OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION FOR F1 ...................................................................... 94 6.3 SINGLE OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION FOR F2 .................................................................... 100 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES .................................................................. 105 APPENDIX I: MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION CONCERNING SONAR DOME’S DESIGN VARIABLES. ............................................................................................................................ 109 7 ABSTRACT The hydrodynamic performance of a vessel is part of early design stage’s investigation, in order for it to fulfil requirements that are related to its mission. Economic efficiency of the ship is directly related to its hydrodynamic performance. This diploma thesis focuses on the optimization of the hydrodynamic performance of DTMB 5415M destroyer with modifications concerning appendages only. Specifically within the optimization, hull variation is attained by employing design variables on sonar dome’s region. DTMB 516M hull was parametrically designed within CAESES environment. The design was split into different surfaces, the main hull and the fore part which extend longitudinally to the total length of dome’s region. Five design variables were selected for hull variation, all of which constitute part of sonar dome’s lower surface. Three optimization schemes were carried out in order to investigate how local modifications affect the performance of the vessel both in calm and rough water. The differences among the optimization strategies are related to the objective functions adopted for optimization. Two objectives were selected, namely F1 and F2. Their definition was given within AVT-204 ‘Assess the Ability to Optimize Hull Forms of Sea Vehicles for Best Performance in a Sea Environment’, issued by NATO, and they form a summation of resistance and seakeeping qualities related to the operation profile of the ship. They concern both service and maximum speed attained. A multi-objective and two single objective optimizations were carried out. Within the former both objectives were weighted, while within the rest schemes investigation and evaluations were made with respect
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