Volume 24, No. 1 Spring 2016

The Official Publication of The Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors

Congratulations to the MSPS 2016 Board of Directors! From left Also Inside: to right: Directors Chris Mavis and Curt Schley, Secretary Cynthia Hidde, Director Scott Trosen, Director Katie R. B. Cook, Treasurer MSPS Summer Meeting: page 8 Bryan Balcome, NSPS Governor Chris Ambourn, Past President In Memoriam: Martin C. Menk, Jr.: Connie Villari, President-Elect Dan Stueber, President Dan Skinner, page 11 Director David Pemberton, and NSPS President Tony Cavell. More What Is that? Meridian Stones: photos and a recap of the event can be found starting on page 27. page 12 Thanks also go to our sponsors for the event, Frontier Precision and Incorporating the Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original Red Trimble! Lake Indian Reservation into the Rectangular Grid: page 14 Annual Meeting Highlights: page 27 Peter W. Blethen Memorial Scholar- ship: page 30 And much more!

MINNESOTA SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL SURVEYORS an affiliate of NATIONAL SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL “The liberty of the press shall forever remain invio- SURVEYORS AND AMERICAN CONGRESS ON late and all persons may freely speak, write and publish SURVEYING AND MAPPING their sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of such right...” MINNESOTA SURVEYOR Minnesota Surveyor is the official publication of the Minnesota Society of — Minnesota Constitution Professional Surveyors. It is published quarterly and mailed to members and similar organizations on a complimentary basis. Material published is not copyrighted and may be reprinted without permission as long as credit is given to the MSPS Minnesota Surveyor. All material must be submitted by the first day of the month preceding the issue date, and should be directed to: Index EDITOR Dave Zenk • (651) 366-3523 Fax: (651) 366-3444 From the MSPS President, Dan Skinner...... 4 MNDOT • 395 John Ireland Blvd., MS 541 From the Assistant Executive Director, Becca Rogers. . . 5 St. Paul, MN 55155 Email: [email protected] From the NSPS Governor, Chris Ambourn...... 6

Articles and columns appearing in this publication do not necessarily reflect 2016 MSPS Summer Meeting...... 8 the viewpoints of MSPS or the Minnesota Surveyor staff, but are published as a service to MSPS members, the general public and for the betterment of the In Memoriam: Martin C. Menk, Jr...... 11 surveying profession. No responsibility is assumed for errors, misquotes, or deletions in content. What Is that? Meridian Stones, Gina Malone...... 12 Incorporating the Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original MINNESOTA SURVEYOR ADVERTISING Red Lake Indian Reservation into the Rectangular Grid, Laurie Pumper • (651) 290-6273 Rod Squires...... 14 ADVERTISING Available from the MSPS Office ...... 26 The Minnesota Surveyor accepts advertising from equipment suppliers and others offering surveying related services. The Firm Member Directory is Index of Advertisers...... 26 limited to professional practitioners and member firms. There is no charge for “help wanted” or “equipment for sale” ads to practitioners whose main MSPS Annual Meeting Highlights...... 27 business is not equipment sales or rental. For more information, contact the MSPS Administrative Office. Peter W. Blethen Memorial Scholarship...... 30

MSPS 2016 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS Firm Member Directory...... 31 President ...... Dan Skinner Sustaining Member Directory ...... 35 President-Elect...... Dan Stueber Past President...... Connie Villari Secretary...... Cynthia Hidde About the Cover Treasurer ...... Bryan Balcome NSPS Governor...... Chris Ambourn Thanks to Becca Rogers for providing photos of the Director...... Katie R.B. Cook 2016 Annual Meeting! More photos and a short recap Director...... Chris Mavis can be found on page 27. Director...... David Pemberton Director...... Curt Schley Director...... Scott Trosen

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE Eric P. Ewald, Executive Director Minnesota Surveyor Upcoming Deadlines Becca Rogers, Assistant Executive Director (651) 203-7256 • (800) 890-LAND Issue Due Date Publication Fax (651) 290-2266 Summer 2016 June 1, 2016 June Email: [email protected] Fall 2016 August 15, 2016 September 1000 Westgate Drive, Suite 252 • St. Paul, MN 55114 Winter 2016-17 November 14, 2016 December Spring 2017 March 1, 2017 May www.mnsurveyor.com

Hello all from northwestern Minnesota! The snow here is our own society. Those I met dur- gone, and soon we will be cruising the high seas in search of ing my visits were very proud of our state fish or shanking our second and third shots into the and outright vigilant in protecting rough. This leads me to think that construction season must the future of this profession. Both also be right around the corner. organizations also saw that the best way to ensure this was through the growth of their membership, and also through I want to take a moment to thank all of those who served educating and promoting the profession in the schools. last year as board members, chapter officers and committee chairs and members. I would also like to especially thank With that said, I am pleased to say that I have an excel- Connie for all of her hard work last year as President, Preston lent board this year to help me with some of those same goals. and the events committee for putting on such a great annual We will also work hard toward educating the general public meeting and Becca and the Ewald Consulting crew for help- about who we are as a profession. Getting the right message ing to pull it all together. out there is very important. We have many great committees and chapters for members to become involved in. It is up to Over the past few months, I have been lucky enough to each of us to protect and promote the future of this society. represent MSPS at both the North Dakota Society of Pro- Attending seminars, chapter meetings and other events are fessional Land Surveyors (NDSPLS) Annual Convention in great ways to meet new people as well as to understand how Minot, ND, and the Association of Ontario Land Surveyors and why we do the things we do. Anyone who has an inter- (AOLS) Annual General Meeting in London, Ontario. Both est in lending their expertise, or just wanting to learn more events were very informative (and many times, entertaining). about one of these, please feel free to contact me at dan.skin- At one, there was the annual live auction run completely [email protected] and I will gladly introduce you to the by North Dakota State School of Science Civil Engineer- right person. ing program students that sold off everything from a rifle to someone’s old baseball cap (I am confident the surveyors in Lastly, I’d like to thank all of you for putting your trust in North Dakota can sell anything for a good cause). The other me. I will do my best to promote and protect what we, and all was steeped in tradition with bagpipes and handclapping in those before us have all worked so hard to build. unison as the Council walked into the room as a show of respect. Even though the two groups were unique, the com- Thank you, Dan Skinner, LS mon themes I found were much the same as those that bind

MSPS Calendar

TrigStar Results Due to Janele Fowlds: May 27, 2016 MSPS Summer Meeting, Shakopee: July 28-29, 2016 MSPS Board of Directors Meeting, Shakopee: July 28, 2016 Chapter One Meeting: September 28, 2016

NSPS State Execs Forum During the afternoon meet- In March, I attended the NSPS State Executives Forum ing, the State Execs voted to ap- on behalf of MSPS. The Forum was held in conjunction with prove Becky Roland from Colo- the NSPS Spring business meetings and the 2016 National rado as the new representative Surveying, Mapping, and Geospatial Conference. Eleven for the State Execs to the NSPS Board. The 2017 Fall NSPS states were represented at the State Executives Forum, either Meetings will be in Frisco, Texas. Then, we all shared best in person or via teleconference, including: practices in association management. There were many good ideas yielding a lot of value for those in attendance and ul- Arkansas – Amber Weida timately the societies they represent. Many of the ideas had to do with marketing both the profession and the organiza- Colorado – Becky Roland tion. Several states have experimented with conference apps, Kansas – Valeri Peltier and it was helpful to learn from the successes and failures of those trials. As always, idea sharing is a key part of the State Michigan – Mollee Neff Exec meeting, and it’s incredibly insightful and productive Minnesota – Becca Rogers for everyone who is able to attend the meeting. While there are many obvious benefits to being affiliated with a national N. Carolina – Christy Davis society, the benefit of a State Exec meeting is perhaps less well known, but just as beneficial to a state society. Pennsylvania – Laurie Troutman It is an honor for me to represent Minnesota on a na- Vermont – Kelly Collar tional level and to serve the members of MSPS. W. Virginia – Julie Hewett, CMP

Wisconsin – Frank Thousand

Maryland/Virginia – John Palatiello

The meeting began with NSPS Executive Director Curt Sumner and NSPS President Jon Warren welcoming the State Execs to the NSPS Meetings and affirming their availability MSPS Members: Get Recognized for and willingness to engage in conversations. Their hope is that and Share Your Work on Projects! State Execs will continue to meet in person, and they will MSPS will recognize interesting and outstanding work by continue to provide space for us to connect. our members via a special section in the Minnesota Surveyor Following the NSPS updates, the State Execs began with magazine! We’re looking for projects that presented challeng- state-by-state reporting on a variety of aspects of state society es requiring creative solutions, unique projects, big projects, operations including membership levels, NSPS MOU, event weird projects, etc. Simply write up a description of the proj- attendance, staff/management structures, legislative and regu- ect including the basics of the project, some description of latory challenges and performance of annual meetings. I am what made it unique and any particular surveying techniques very proud of the continued good work of the Minnesota So- that you employed. Include photos and any other documents ciety’s volunteers and staff. Comparatively on a national basis, that help tell the story. Send submissions to Staff Editor Lau- we continue to be a very strong organization. rie Pumper at [email protected]. The deadline for the Sum- mer 2016 issue is June 1.

The Spring 2016 NSPS meeting was held in conjunc- Of note from the com- tion with the MAPPS (Management Association of Private mittee meetings that I attend- Photogrammetry Surveyors) meeting March 16-18 in Crystal ed: the NSPS Public Relations City, Virginia. March 16 was “Hill Day,” which is a coordi- Committee has collected a nated event during which NSPS Directors and other geospa- number of pieces of market- tial industry representatives of each state make visits to their ing materials from the state Congressional representatives in order to obtain support for members and have placed a number of surveying and geospatially oriented bills or pro- those materials on the NSPS posed bills. I was joined by Kevin Ahlgren (St. Cloud State website, with the goal of that page being a clearinghouse for University) and we met with staff from Senator Franken’s of- examples for other states — rather than needing to start from fice, and from Representatives McCollum’s and Emmer’s of- scratch. Our recent Guidance Counselor mailing placed a fices. We informed them about a bill that has been introduced very close second place in the PR contest; the Texas group called the “Digital Coast,” which funds NOAA to be able placed first with a very similar submission. to conduct detailed mapping of all coastlines including the Great Lakes. We also talked about a bill we would like to find A new task force is being formed to focus on workforce a sponsor for, called the Flood Insurance Reform development. NSPS leadership appreciates that this is a very & Modernization (FIRM) Act, which would en- high priority for its members and has identified a able updating of the FIRM mapping. Another number of potential funding sources that could bill we were seeking sponsorship for would pro- assist with paying for large scale marketing cam- vide a funded path to helping the geospatial paigns. The public relations committee began to workforce grow. And finally, we spoke about the identify the most effective groups to target those Freedom From Government Competition Act types of campaigns. which directs federal agencies to apply the “yel- Other items of interest include the contin- low book test” to any services that they require but can be ued exploration by NGS toward developing a Geodetic Cer- contracted to private firms. We were very well received by all tification program. The Certified Survey Technician Program of the congressional offices and felt that the meetings went is doing well and has just been adopted by the Department of well. The feedback we received was conveyed to our NSPS Defense for use in testing military surveyors. There are only lobbyist for further follow-up.

Our Minnesota delegation to NSPS Hill Day made productive visits to the offices of Sena- tor Al Franken, Representative Betty McCol- lum, and Representative Tom Emmer. The U.S. Capitol building is being repaired and renovated, just as our Minnesota State Capitol undergoes renovation work.

6 Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors NSPS Governor’s Report, continued from page 6 two states left in the country that have not joined as 100% NSPS/MAPPS conference; the Dunwoody team won first members. place in the technical program division and the team from Saint Cloud State received an honorable mention in a very We should be very proud of our Minnesota represen- tight competition in the 4-year division. Congratulations to tation at the student competition, which took place at the both groups.

As always, don’t hesitate to forward me any questions, concerns or issues that you feel need to be brought to the NSPS attention, and always re- member that we are all members of our national organization.

Thanks to Chris Ambourn for the photos from our nation’s capitol! The photo at left shows the U.S. Supreme Court building.

OSPATIA E L G

G r o e ld Partn

The 2016 MSPS Summer Meeting will be held July 28-29 in Shakopee and will feature four hours of continuing education, a BBQ dinner catered by Mr. Pig Stuff — and, of course, golf tournaments and other activities! This event is a great way to connect with colleagues, to learn, and to have some fun in a relaxing environment!

The Summer Meeting is being planned by MSPS Chapter 6. Many thanks to Frontier Precision and Sathre-Bergquist, Inc., for their sponsorship!

Schedule of Events

Thursday, July 28, 2016 Friday, July 29, 2016 Jackson Town Hall: 1091 - 130th Street West, Shakopee Technical Sessions 8:00am CST Exam Holiday Inn: 4550 12th Avenue East, Shakopee MSPS Board of Directors Meeting 8:00am Crash Reconstruction Lance Langford, Minnesota State Patrol Stonebrooke Golf Club: 2693 County Road 79, Shakopee 12:30pm 2-person Scramble Golf Tournament 9:00am Dustin Harr, Frontier Precision Horse and Hunt Club: 2920 East 220th Street, Prior Lake 10:00am Katie L. Wahlberg, Olson Lucas & Redford 2:00pm Sporting Clays 11:00am Amusement Park Surveying Jackson Town Hall: 1091 130th Street West, Shakopee Denny Honsa, MSA Professional Services Sponsored by Frontier Precision Stonebrooke Golf Club: 2693 County Road 79, Shakopee 5:00pm Ice Breaker, Survey Olympics & BBQ Dinner 1:00pm 18-Hole Golf Tournament Downtown Shakopee Canterbury Park: 1100 Canterbury Road 8:00pm MSPS-YP Pub Crawl & Poker Run 6:30pm Live Horse Racing

LODGING INFO: Other Nearby Attractions Holiday Inn If you are bringing the family, there are plenty of options for 4550 12th Avenue East, Shakopee fun nearby. (952) 445-2244 Valleyfair A block of rooms has been reserved at the Holiday Inn. Valleyfair is the largest amusement park in the Upper Mid- Be sure to mention MSPS when you book. Hotel dead- west. The park features more than 75 rides and attractions, line to guarantee group rate is July 8. with roller coasters big enough to define Shakopee’s skyline. Rooms have one king bed or two queen beds. With Soak City Waterpark, Planet Snoopy, Dinosaurs Alive!, thrilling coasters, food and games, Valleyfair offers fun for RATES: Thursday: $129.99 + tax everyone. Friday: $149.99 + tax Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge If you would like to stay for the weekend, the Group Rate Comprising more than 14,000 acres, the refuge has multiple of $149.99 will be honored for Saturday night as well. units stretching nearly 70 miles along the Minnesota River. A variety of free outdoor recreational experiences are avail- Amenities: able for individuals and families. The Wilkie Unit is located The hotel offers amenities such as an inviting pool and in eastern Shakopee, and the Louisville Unit is just west of hot tub, a small onsite fitness center plus a hot breakfast. Shakopee along Hwy. 169. High-speed Internet access is free to all guests. The hotel is located just a mile from Canterbury Downs, less than The Landing 5 miles from Stonebrooke Golf Club and about 5 miles Ever wonder what life was like in Minnesota more than 150 from Jackson Town Hall. years ago? The Landing features authentic 19th-century buildings and costumed tour guides to help visitors travel back in time.

About Stonebrooke Golf Club From your first tee shot to your final putt, Stone- brooke was created to give its guests a complete golfing experience. Whatever your skill level, the experience is pure golfing satisfaction. See more (including videos) at the club’s website: http://www.stonebrooke.com/golf/ stonebrooke/info

Please make lodging reservations with Holiday Inn to receive the Group Rate of $129.99 for Thursday night and $149.99 for Friday night. The group rate will be extended through the weekend for those that would like to stay additional nights. Reservations phone: 952-445-2244, mention MSPS to receive the Group Rate. TheThe Hotel deadline to guarantee the group rate is July 8, 2016.2016. After this date, you may still be able to book at the group rate, but rooms will be released for sale to the general public and may not be available.

Name______Address______City______State____Zip______Phone______Email______

Summer Meeting Registration (fee includes Thursday evening dinner & beverages at Jackson Town Hall)

MEETING REGISTRATION FEES # Persons Cost Total

MSPS Member PRIOR to July 1: $30 x $30 = $ Non-Member PRIOR to July 1: $40 x $40 = $ ------ MSPS Member AFTER July 1: $40 x $40 = $ Non-Member AFTER July 1: $50 x $50 = $

EVENT REGISTRATION FEES # Persons Cost Total

9-Hole Scramble on Thursday*: $35 x $35 = $ Sporting Clays on Thursday**: $30 x $30 = $ 18-Hole Tournament on Friday*: $65 x $65 = $ *includes cart rental **includes one round (50 targets)

TOTAL $

Please make checks payable to MSPS CHAPTER 6.

REGISTRATION POLICIES: Full payment must accompany your Mail Registration and Payment to: registration form. For on-site registrations, payment must be made at the time of registration. With written cancellation MSPS Chapter 6 notice, received by July 22, 2016, your registration fee, less a $25 c/o Marcus Hampton administrative charge, will be refunded. Cancellations after July James R. Hill, Inc. 22, 2016 are non-refundable. Notices of cancellation must be 2500 West County Road 42, Suite 120 emailed to [email protected] . Meeting no-shows will not Burnsville, MN 55337 receive a refund.

Martin Menk, co-founder of Bolton & Menk, Civil En- Martin married Carol Johnson in 1951; together, they gineers & Land Surveyors and a past president of the Minne- raised a family of three children. sota Land Surveyors Association, passed away on March 24, 2016, at the age of 92. Martin served with distinction on many professional as- sociations and boards, both at the state and national level. Martin Clarence Menk, Jr., was born May 21, 1923, to He served on the board of directors for the Minnesota Land Martin, Sr., and Amelia Menk in St. Peter, Minn. He gradu- Surveyors Association (precursor to the Minnesota Society of ated from St. Peter High School in 1941. He started college Professional Surveyors) for many years, and was president in in the engineering program at Gustavus Adolphus, but got 1961. He was named MLSA Surveyor of the Year in 1976, impatient with “V-Programs” meant to pre-train young men was the first winner of the William Kelley Award in 1980, and for the military, so he enlisted in the U.S. Navy. received the EA Rathbun Memorial Award in 1986 — one of very few members to win all three of the association’s major Martin served for three years in the submarine service awards. In addition to MLSA/MSPS, Martin served the Min- in the South Pacific, earning four battle stars on war patrols nesota Society of Professional Engineers, City Engineers As- aboard the USS Pilotfish and the USS Argonaut. The captain sociation of Minnesota, the National Society of Professional of the Argonaut promised him admission to the Naval Acade- Engineers, National Society of Professional Surveyors, and my after the war, but Martin — although honored — decided the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping. against a military career. In St. Peter, he was active in the VFW, the American Le- In 1946, he returned to Gustavus Adolphus College in gion, US Submarine Veterans of WWII, Rotary, Lions, Gus- St. Peter, where he studied and also taught engineering with tavus Adolphus Alumni Association, Chamber of Commerce, his mentor, John Bolton. He transferred to Arizona State Uni- and both Nicollet County and St. Peter Planning Commis- versity but ended up taking a friend to Pullman, Wash., in his sions. He was a long-time member of the Church of the Holy beat-up Pontiac. They made it — and Martin stayed on and Communion in St. Peter. He is a member of the St. Peter graduated from Washington State University in 1949 with a High School Hall of Fame. B.Sc. in Civil Engineering. At home, Martin was a loving husband, great father, a He returned to St. Peter and in 1949 founded Bolton very unassuming and kind man with a gentle sense of humor. & Menk, Civil Engineers & Land Surveyors, with his friend and former professor John Bolton. Their first office was in Among many other things, he enjoyed sailing on Lake Martin’s sister’s basement, until they built a small building Washington, travel with his wife and family, Twins baseball they planned to sell as a garage in case things didn’t work and Vikings football. For many years after his retirement, he out. Martin lived with his parents to save money while they and his closest friends would get together for Monday night struggled to get their feet under them. Their first major “ex- cards and weekly coffee groups. In 2013, he attended the pansion” was having their wives help out in the office and commissioning of the submarine USS Minnesota at Norfolk, hiring some college students to help in the summer. In 1965, Va., where he received a standing ovation as the only WWII John retired and Martin became company president. Accord- submarine veteran in attendance. ing to one of his long-time employees, in those early days he was a master at calming customers in the field and coming Martin Menk is survived by his wife Carol (married 65 up with just the right answer to a problem under the guise years), children Pell (Stephanie Patterson-Menk) of Santa of thoughtfully lighting a cigarette and taking a moment to Barbara, Calif., Robert (Luce Aubry) of Portsmouth, N.H., consider the situation. and Margaret Menk of Edina, Minn., grandchild Coco Menk of Chicago, Ill., and many other relatives and friends. When Martin retired in 1992, the company had five offices in two states and 85 employees. Today, the firm has more Services were held March 31 in St. Peter. The family re- than 400 employees serving some 225 communities in three quests that memorials go to the Martin C. Menk Engineer- states from 15 offices. ing Scholarship fund at Minnesota State University, Mankato Foundation.

Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 11 What Is that? Meridian Stones By Gina Malone, Hendersonville, North Carolina Times-News, Jan. 6, 2016. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. Thanks to MSPS member Ed Sunde for forwarding the article. Standing on the historic courthouse grounds of Polk and curacy of their instruments, the center of that cross being the Henderson counties are relics of the past that today are all but “precise survey point,” according to old documents. Surveyors forgotten by those for whom they were put in place. were required by law to calibrate their compasses at least once per year and the results wer entered in a book called “The These four-sided, flat-topped stones are meridian monu- Meridian Record” found at each county’s Register of Deeds ments and were the result of a statewide surveying project office. conducted over 100 years ago. The stones, which marked the north and south ends of true meridian lines, were located in “Other tools are now available to determine magnetic public property, most of them in courthouse squares. declination and to determine the accuracy of electronic dis- tance meters,” said NCGS Chief Gary Thompson. According The survey began in 1898, under the joint auspices of to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and the North (NOAA’s) website, “once the Global Positioning System be- Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS). Professor J.A. Holmes came operational in the mid-1980s... the classical methods (1859-1915) was the state geologist in charge of the project. for determining geodetic positions (became) obsolete.” The goal was the “establishment of a true north and south line and the determination of a magnetic declination, dip and Surveyors call declination “the variation of the compass.” horizontal intensity at every county seat in the state.” There are few places on Earth where the magnetic needle points to true north. Historians generally credit the Chinese Though time and weather have worn the remaining with first discovering magnetic declination around 720 A.D. stones, the letters “N.C.G.S” and “U.S.C.G.S.,” with close It was known to Europeans by the 14th century, with Colum- observation, may be seen chiseled into the tops, along with bus supposedly aware of it in his explorations. It would take the year and a cross that surveyors used to determine the ac-

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12 Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors Meridian Stones, continued from page 12 centuries more, however, before it was generally accepted. Be- scribed with the date “1899,” are still easily found, one on fore then, aberrant readings were blamed on faulty equipment either side of the courthouse. or human error. The General Assembly passed legislation in 1899 mak- NOAA’s website provides calculators for determining ing it a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment to Earth’s magnetic field values, current and past, including one “injure, deface, remove or destroy” the monuments. NCGS for magnetic declination, defined as “the angle between mag- records indicate that some counties have relocated or removed netic north and true north” and one of the seven parameters the stones over the years. for measuring Earth’s magnetism in any place. With meridian stones lying on a true north and south line, surveyors were Today, those that remain have become sought-after finds able to use them to determine how far their compass needles by benchmark hunters. Participants of this pastime use a deviated from a known standard. website database and log to find and record benchmarks and meridian monuments. Benchmarks are the bronze disks Henderson County’s historic courthouse, on the grounds with elevation information found all over the country. (Note: of which the county’s meridian stones were placed, is seven Benchmark as a compound word rather than as two words is years younger than its remaining meridian stone. Located on a generic term used at geocaching.com to refer to all geodetic the First Avenue side of the building near the Human Re- control points.) sources door, it stands a few inches above the concrete of the walkway, “1898” carved into its top. These courthouse Benchmark hunters use information from the National grounds were laid out with the town in 1841. The current Geodetic Survey, a federal agency, to provide datasheets on structure replaced a previous one that would have been in existing benchmarks so that participants do not have to access place when the survey was done. a smartphone or GPS device.

With the grounds of Polk County’s 1859 courthouse hav- “The interesting thing about benchmarks,” geocaching. ing changed little through the years, its meridian stones, in- com states, “is that a majority of them are located in plain sight — though largely ignored by the general public.”

Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 13 Incorporating the Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation into the Rectangular Grid Part I: Closing the Grid from Outside the Reservation1 by Rod Squires, Department of Geography, Environment and Society, University of Minnesota

Introduction A portion of the boundary line, certainly the southern boundary I previously described how the southwestern boundary of described here, was run before the rectangular surveys had reached the area…The line was later protracted onto the the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation was run by depu- appropriate township plats after the rectangular surveys were ties employed by the General Land Office, from the mouth made so creating government lots where the rectangular survey of the Red Lake River, in reality the junction of the Red Lake lines closed against the boundary.3 River and the Thief River, I have to amend those remarks because, upon further re- in a southeasterly direction … toward the head of Wild search, the picture seems far more complex. In 1872, when Rice River, to the point where such line would intersect Thomas G. Merrill ran the southern boundary line of the the northwestern boundary of a tract ceded to the United Original Red Lake Reservation (R.L.I.R.), the rectangu- States by a treaty concluded at Washington on the 22d day lar survey lines west of the 3rd Guide Meridian had gener- of February, in the year eighteen hundred and fifty-five, with ally spread north to the 12th Standard Parallel, established the Mississippi, Pillager, and Lake Winnebigoshish bands of 1859-1863, although they had spread as far the international Chippewa Indians.2 boundary west of the 6th Guide. The 13th Standard Parallel This boundary line was subsequently incorporated into had been established from the Red River only to the eastern the rectangular grid by deputies who were employed to estab- exterior of T.152 R.41. Merrill was forced to locate the head lish and subdivide the twelve townships through which the of the Thief River, his starting point, by running a random line ran. (Fig. 1, 2, 3) line from “the corner to section 31, Range 45 & section 36 Range 46 West of 5th P. M. of Township 153 North, on the In the previous article I wrote, 13th Standard Parallel” to the junction of the Thief and Red Lake rivers in T.154 R.43.4 He then used an elm tree, which he marked by a “0” on its east side, as a beginning point and ran a line S.40°E 54 miles to the head of Wild Rice River, noting “all mile posts are marked on side toward reservation R.L.I.R. for Red Lake Indian Reservation; and on the opposite side the number of miles from the starting point.”5 Deputy Merrill did not report intersecting any public land survey lines because there were none although the plat of T.148 R.39, near the end of his line, had already been approved when his notes were notarized.7

Continued on page 15

Figure 1. The Southwest Boundary Line of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation.

R.43 R.42 R.41 R.40 R.39 R.38 T.154 1879* T.153 1879* 1888 T.152 1881 1891 T.151 1879 1891 T.150 1879 Figure 2. Townships through which the southwestern T.149 1887 1896 6 boundary line ran and the dates the township plats were approved by the Surveyor General (* denotes the townships T.148 1873* 1887 1892 described in this article) T.147 1884*

On May 23, 1879, the Surveyor General of Minnesota, In 1885, when many of the townships through which James H Stewart, awarded George F. Hamilton a contract to the line ran had already been platted, Abner Darling was em- survey township exteriors adjoining the boundary line of the ployed to resurvey the boundary line. In a letter to the deputy Original Red Lake Indian Reservation. Hamilton carried out before he began, the Surveyor General of Minnesota, Martin the work July 2-September 25, 1879, recording that he had Chandler wrote, surveyed “part of the Northwestern and Southwestern boundaries of the Red Lake Indian Reservation, and of the exterior I send you in separate package full copies of the field notes boundaries of Townships 150 R.40, Tp. 151 R.41 Tps. 152, of Thos G. Merrill of his survey of said boundaries. They are however very incomplete and such notes never ought to have 156 & 157 R.42 & & Tps. 153, 154, 155 Range 43 west been accepted. I have also sent notes of Mr. Hamilton’s resurvey of the 5th Principal Meridian in the State of Minnesota.”8 of 33 miles of S.W. boundary of the Red Lake Reservation His work, all west of the Thief River and outside the Reser- made by him in 1879, when he subdivided the fractional vation, can be divided into three parts: the exterior lines of Townships bordering in the S.W. of the reservation. He states fractional townships north of T.154 R.43, which included a that he could find no traces of the line run by Mr. Merrill.12 small section of the western boundary of the Reservation; the I also enclose tracing of these boundary lines showing the resurvey of 33 miles of the southwestern boundary; and the connections made with the boundaries by subsequent surveys. exterior lines of several fractional townships adjoining that I think you will have no difficulty in finding the old lines from line, with which I am most concerned in this article. Follow- the date herewith furnished you.13 ing his work on the township exterior lines abutting the Thief The boundary line was not merely protracted on the River, Hamilton discovered that he would have difficulty in township plats by the draftsmen in the Surveyor General’s proceeding with his work, running township exteriors closing office. It was actually noted by the deputies running the rect- against the reservation boundary, noting, “I am fully satis- angular lines and, in fact, was a line against which they were fied after a full examination that no well-defined line was ever required to close to create government lots. established for south west boundary of said Red Lake Reser- vation — The following are the notes of the survey of said In this article I restrict my comments to the survey lines line, as made by me.”9 He started from an Elm post marked closing against the boundary line from outside the reservation R.I.L.R., a meander corner at the mouth of the Thief River, in four townships, but a few general comments about all the Merrill’s beginning point, and ran S40°E intersecting the Red surveys that close against this boundary line are in order. As Lake River and set a meander corner, then ran along its bank a rule, the Surveyor General of Minnesota awarded two con- approximately one and a half miles to “point in line” where he tracts for each township adjoining the line. First, he awarded set another meander corner.10 He resurveyed the Reservation a contract for surveying that portion of the township lying line for 33 miles setting mile and half-mile posts ending on outside the reservation, and then a contract for surveying 11 September 6, 1879. Continued on page 16

Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 15 Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation, continued from page 15 the part of the township inside the reservation, to a different the reservation and the other showing the survey lines of the deputy. As a rule then, portions of the townships lying out- fractional township inside the reservation. side the reservation were surveyed several years before those portions lying inside. Again, as a rule, draftsmen in the Sur- Of course, there are always exceptions to the rule. In the veyor General’s office made two plats for each township; one case of T.148N R.39W, two contracts were made. The north showing the survey lines of the fractional township outside Continued on page 17

Township Work Deputy Contract Date Plat Approved 154-43 W exterior Eli W. Griffin Sept. 23, 1876 154-43 N,S,W exteriors Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 Oct. 22, 1879 154-43 Subdivisions Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 153-43 W,S exterior Jackson & Bruce June 3, 1879 153-43 N,S exteriors Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 Oct. 3, 1879 153-43 Subdivisions Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 153-42 S exterior Jackson & Bruce June 3, 1879 153-42 W exterior Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 June 6, 1888 153-42 Subdivisions Geo. A Ralph Feb. 25, 1888 152-42 N exterior Jackson & Bruce June 3, 1873 152-42 W,S exteriors Henry S. Howe Sept 11, 1876 Oct. 31, 1881 152-42 E exterior Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 152-42 Subdivisions Geo F Hamilton Aug. 12 1880 152-41 S,W exteriors Geo A. Ralph April 30, 1891 Dec. 3, 1891 152-41 Subdivisions Geo A. Ralph April 30, 1891 151-41 W,S exteriors Henry S. Howe Sept. 11, 1876 151-41 N,E exteriors Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 Dec. 6, 1879 151-41 Subdivisions Geo F Hamilton May 23, 1879 151-40 W,N exteriors Thos. H Croswell Sept. 30, 1890 151-40 S,W exteriors Geo F. Hamilton May 23, 1879 Sept. 22, 1891 151-40 Subdivisions Thos. H Croswell Sept. 30, 1890 149-39 S exterior George R Stuntz May 12, 1871 149-39 W exterior Henry S. Howe Sept. 11, 1876 Dec. 1, 1887 149-39 S exterior Geo A. Ralph April 16, 1887 149-39 Subdivisions Geo A. Ralph April 16, 1887 148-39 N,E exteriors George R. Stuntz May 12, 1871 148-39 S,W exteriors T. B. Walker et al Jan. 21, 1872 Jan. 29, 1873 148-39 Subdivisions T. B.Walker et al Jan. 21, 1872 148-38 W exterior G. W. Stuntz May 12, 1871 148-38 S exterior O. L. Hamery Nov. 3, 1883 Nov. 2, 1887 148-38 Subdivisions Geo A. Ralph July 23, 1887 147-38 S exterior Geo R. Stuntz et al April 14, 1871 147-38 W exterior Geo R. Stuntz May 12, 1871 May 5, 1884 147-38 N,E exterior Oscar L Hamery Nov. 3, 1883 147-38 Subdivisions Oscar L Hamery Nov. 3, 1883

Figure 3. Townships through which the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation Boundary Runs. (Surveys outside the Reservation)

16 Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation, continued from page 16 and east exteriors of the township, part of the 12th Standard land in the plat lay inside the reservation and, presumably, Parallel and the 5th Guide Meridian respectively, were sur- two plats were not considered necessary, and that’s what I veyed by George R. Stuntz, under his contract of May 12, originally thought. However, the plat makes no mention of 1871.14 The south and west exteriors of the township and the work of George F. Hamilton, who ran a small portion the subdivision lines were run by William P. Allen under a of the south and west exteriors, closing his lines against the joint contract awarded him, Thomas B. Walker, Putnam, and boundary, see below. Oliver W. Barnes June 21, 1872.15 Only one plat was made, however, and approved by Surveyor General Brown on Janu- In the case of T.152 R.42, the plat showing that part of ary 27, 1873 that showed lands inside and outside the reser- the township outside the reservation was approved October vation. However, a second township plat, showing only that 31, 1881 and the plat showing that part of the township in- 17 portion of the township inside the reservation, was approved side the reservation was approved March 6, 1893. A third by Surveyor General Compton on March 25, 1892, after the plat, approved May 7, 1904, was a supplemental plat show- eastern township exterior and the subdivision lines that lay ing the course of the boundary line through section 4. And inside the reservation had been resurveyed by John B. Hawley finally, in the exceptions to the rule, in the case of T.149 R.39 & John Goodnow under their contract dated September 17, three amended plats were drawn in 1896 to show the cor- 1890.16 rected boundary line following George Ralph’s survey under his special instructions dated October 30, 1894.18 In the case of T.151 R.40, seemingly only one contract was awarded and only one plat made. The township was sur- Interestingly, although each of the plats of the townships veyed entirely by Thomas H. Croswell under a contract dated through which the boundary runs shows the line, only some September 30, 1890. The boundary line only passed through of them include, as part of the legend, a notation for the con- sections 30 and 31 in the township so that the bulk of the nections made to the boundary line by the deputy. (Fig. 4) Continued on page 18

Figure 4. Legend of Township Plats for T.143N R.43W. The top part is found on the plat showing land inside the reservation boundary, the bottom on the plat showing land outside the reservation boundary.19

Surveys involving George F. Hamilton notebook recorded that he had surveyed “part of the North- The most westerly point of the reservation, the junction western and Southwestern boundaries of the Red Lake Indian of the Thief and Red Lake rivers, is located in T.154 T.43. Reservation, and of the exterior boundaries of Townships 150 That part of the township west of the river and a line running R.40, Tp. 151 R.41 Tps. 152, 156 & 157 R.42 & & Tps. from the junction on a bearing of S.40°E outside of the Res- 153, 154, 155 Range 43 west of the 5th Principal Meridian ervation is shown on the plat of the fractional township lying in the State of Minnesota.”20 (Fig. 6) outside the reservation, approved by Surveyor General James After resurveying the southwest boundary line on Sep- H. Stewart on October 22, 1879. (Fig. 5) tember 6, 1879, Hamilton turned his attention to running On May 23, 1879, the Surveyor General of Minnesota, the lines that closed against the line. He ran the south exte- James H. Stewart, awarded George F. Hamilton a contract rior of T.154 R.43 on July 3 and the north exterior on July to survey township exteriors adjoining the boundary line of 16 intersecting the Reservation boundary twice; on the north the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation. Hamilton carried exterior — the west bank of the Thief River — and on the out the work July 2-September 25, 1879, and in his field south exterior.21 (Fig.7)

Continued on page 20 Township Work Deputy Contract BLM Volume W exterior Griffin Sept. 23, 1876 E5254 1-34 154-43 N exterior Hamilton May 23, 1879 E5264 50-55 S exterior Hamilton May 23, 1879 E5264 141-146 Subdivisions Hamilton May 23, 1879 I5668 5-76 Figure 5. Details of the Rectangular Surveys for T.154N R.43W.

Figure 6. The Cover of Volume E5264 containing the field notes and the index of surveys carried out by George F. Hamilton.

18 Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 19 Southwestern Boundary Line of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation, continued from page 18

Page Date Description 141-146 July 3 South exterior. From established corner T.153-154 R.43-44 east on true line setting posts every 40 and 80 chains, intersected Red Lake River in 3rd mile, intersected R.L.I.R. line 15.95 chains into the 4th mile “28.22 chains S40E from 1st mile post” set closing corner. 50-55 July 16 North exterior. From corner of T.154-155 R.42-43 east on true line setting posts every 40 and 80 chains, intersected Thief River in 4th mile and set meander post. Figure 7. Hamilton’s field notes showing the connections between his township lines and the Reservation Boundary in E5264.23

He then subdivided the township in four days, from July Under the same contract, Hamilton also ran the north 17 to July 21, and meandered the Red Lake River on July 22. and east exteriors of T.153 R.43, intersecting the R.L.I.R. He intersected the Reservation boundary two more times — line on the northern exterior in section 2 and on the eastern on the line between sections 34 and 35 and between sections exterior in section 13. (Fig. 3, 6, 10) He also subdivided the 27 and 34. (Fig. 8, 9) township, intersecting the O.R.L.I.R. boundary on the lines between sections 12 and 13, 1 and 12, and 1 and 11. (Fig. 11, 12)

Continued on page 21

Figure 8. Index to BLM I5668.

Page Date Description 7 July 17 North between section 34 & 35 intersecting the R.L.I.R. at “18.93 chains 3.59 chains S40E from 1st mile post” set post for closing corner. 10-11 July 13 Ran east between sections 27 & 34 intersecting Red Lake River at 22.65 chains and the R.L.I.R line at 28.88 chains “3.80chains S40E from starting point at the mouth of the Thief River”, set post for closing corner. Figure 9. Hamilton’s field notes showing the connections between his subdivision lines and the Reservation Boundary in I5668.

135-140 July 25 East exterior. From established corner T.152-153 R.42-43 ran north, set posts at 40 and 80 chains in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd miles; set post at 40 chains in fourth mile, intersected R.L.I.R. boundary at 72.52 chains of 4th mile, 10.77 chains S40°E from 4 mile post, set post in mound for closing corner. 141-146 July 3 North exterior. From established corner of T.153-154 R.42-43 ran east on a true line between sections 6 & 31 setting corners at 40 and 80 chains, intersecting Red Lake River in the 3rd mile, intersecting R.L.I.R. line at 15.95 chains of the 5th mile 28.22 chains S40°E of 1st mile post, set post for closing corner.

Figure 10. Hamilton’s field notes showing the connections between the exterior lines of T.153 R.43 and the Reservation Boundary in E5264.

On November 10, 1879, the Commissioner of the Gen- eral Land Office wrote to Surveyor General Stewart,

The surveying account for George F Hamilton amounting to $1695.42 received with your letter of Oct. 31 is transmitted to the Treasury for payment this day with request that draft be sent to payee as directed.

The account was increased $7.96 caused by error of 34 chains on 14th Stand. Parl. and of 29.70 chains on E. and N. Bdy of Tp 150n. R.40W including connections on Red Lake Indian Reservation thus increasing the amount to $1703.38

In reply to that part of your letter asking whether in case Mr. Hamilton’s survey’s (sic) under his contract of May 23, 1879 should exceed the amount apportioned to your district for the fiscal year ending June 20, 1879, caused by necessary survey of Red Lake Indian Reservation in order to close his lines thereon, and which was not embraced in his contract, there is any fund from which the excess could be paid I have to answer in the negative.

After paying the present account of $1703.38 the books of this office show a balance of $1857.29, and if the completion of Mr. Hamilton’s contract is likely to exceed that sum the work must be limited under his contract.

Figure 11. Index Diagram to BLM I5667 Continued on page 22

131-132 July 7 Ran east true between section 12 & 13. “From witness cor between secs 13 and 14 at 75.00 I run east on an offset line 10.00 chs thence North 55.00 to point in line between secs 12 &13.”24 Set post in mound for ¼ corner at 40 chains intersected R.L.I.R. line at 73.80 chains 1.07 chains S40°E of 4th mile post and set post for closing corner. 135 Ran east between sections 1 & 12 intersecting R.L.I.R. line at 5.60 chains 16.56 chains S40°E from the 2 ½ mile post and set post in mound for closing corner. 135 July 7 Ran north between sections 1 and 2 intersecting R.L.I.R. line at 6.67 chains 7.86 chains S40°E from 2 ½ mile post and set post in mound for closing corner. Figure 12. Hamilton’s field notes showing the connections between the exterior lines of T.153 R.43 and the Reservation Boundary in I5667.

In this connection I have to call you (sic) attention to the I found the following letter from the Commissioner of fact that any field notes of the line between Secs 5 and 32 on the General Land Office to Surveyor General Dana King dat- north boundary of Tp. 153N. R.43W. and south boundary ed January 28, 1875, of Sec. 33 of same Tp. are deficient and erroneous, and you are requested to supply this office with corrected notes of the 25 I enclose herewith copy of a letter from Mr. Nathan Butler, above mentioned lines. dated 20th instant, relative to his claim for services rendered in connecting the S.W. boundary of the Red Lake Reservation Surveys Not Involving Hamilton with the survey of T.148N. R.39W. 5th P.M. Hamilton did not resurvey the R.L.I.R. boundary in the If the services rendered at you request as alleged by Mr. Butler, following townships, which begs the question, “If Merrill’s you will, after providing for all outstanding contracts under the work was completely inadequate, how could the rectangular appropriations for the present year, forward an account in favor lines close against the line?” The answer, in one instance, is of Mr. B. to be paid out of the balance remaining.27 they did not. A copy of Nathan Butler’s letter to the Commissioner The plat of T.148 R.39, created by the lines described in dated January 20, 1875, was enclosed, Figure 13, was approved by Surveyor General Brown on Janu- ary 27, 1873. This plat shows the R.L.I.R. boundary running Being engaged in the vicinity of the work last fall, in the through sections 3, 2,11, 12 and 13 but there are no closing employ of the Commr of Indian Affairs locating a wagon road from the Red Lake Indian Agency to the N.P.R.R. the U.S. corners described in the field notes. Surveyor Genl of Minnesota requested that I should connect the S. West boundary of the Red Lake Reservation with the The east boundary of the township is part of the 5th survey on Town 148N. Range 39 5th P mer. in accordance Guide Meridian, extending north from the White Earth In- with instructions from your office of July 1873. dian Reservation boundary to the 12th Standard Parallel, run by Stuntz. The north exterior forms part of the12th Standard I did so at a small expense to myself of time and money — less Parallel ran by Stuntz on October 5, 1871. Both of these lines than he would be likely to get it done for under any other may have been run before Merrill established the R.L.I.R. circumstances — and now does not feel at liberty to pay my bill $40.00 without further and more definite instructions boundary and so do not intersect and Deputy Allen does not from your office to him individually. record any connections between his subdivision lines and the R.L.I.R. boundary. It seems as though the boundary was Will you please instruct him to pay the bill when he shall be 28 merely protracted on the plat. The survey of the entire town- satisfied that it is justly due and the work properly done. ship caused a problem, as I noted in my earlier article, because it did not show the boundary line.26 (Fig. 14) Continued on page 23

N exterior George R Stuntz May 12, 1871 E5207 6-11 E exterior George R Stuntz May 12, 1871 E5205 96-101 S exterior William P. Allen June 21, 1872 E5222 13-21 W. Exterior William P. Allen June 12, 1872 E5222 23- 30 Subdivisions William P. Allen June 12, 1872 I5575 79-169

Figure 13. Details of the Rectangular Surveys for T.148N R.39W

The end of the line is located in the northeast ¼ of section 24 T.147 R.38. The plat showing the fractional township outside the reservation was approved May 18, 1884 by Sur- veyor General Martin S. Chandler. (Fig. 15)

On November 3, 1883, Surveyor General Chandler awarded Oscar L. Hamery a contract to run the north and east exteriors of T.147 R.38 and to subdivide the township. (Fig. 16)

Continued on page 24

Figure 14. Index Diagram to BLM I5575.

Township Work Deputy Contract BLM Volume 147-38 W exterior George R. Stuntz April 14,1871 E5205 89-95 S exterior George R Stuntz May 12,1871 E5195 44-49 29 N,E exterior Oscar L. Hamery Nov. 3,1883 I5555 7-26 30 Subdivisions Oscar L. Hamery Nov. 3, 1883 I5555 28-145 31

Figure 15. Details of the Rectangular Surveys for T.147N R.38W.

BLM page Date Work 8-17 Jan. 30-31 From new post set as the corner to T.146-147 R.37-38 ran north along the east exterior of the township setting post every 40 and 80 chains intersecting the R.L.I.R. boundary 52.25 chains into the 3rd mile 15.30 chains N77½°E from southwest corner of the reservation, a 3 inch square post marked “R.L.I.R. corner” on east face, “52 1/5 on north and “26 47/80” on west and set a closing corner for T.147 R.37-38. 18-26 March 5-6 From corner to T.147-148 R.38-39 ran east on true line between sections 6 and 36 setting posts every 40 and 80 chains, intersecting the R.L.I.R. boundary 76.25 chains into the 3rd mile 14.43 chains N40°W of 49 mile post and sets a post for a closing corner to T,147-148 R.38. 45 Feb 11 East on a true line between sections 13 & 24 intersecting R.L.I.R. at 28.50 chains 41.20 chains N40°W of S.W. corner of Red Lake Reservation — designated by a marked post — set post for closing corner to sections 13 & 14. 46-48 Feb 12 North between sections 13 & 14, set post at 40 chains, intersecting R.L.I.R. at 46.53 chains 430 links N40°W “from a fire-kild pine” serving as the 52nd mile post and set a post for closing corner to sections 13 & 14. 63-64 East on a true line between section 11 & 14, set post at 40 chains, intersected R.L.I.R. line at 51.67 chains 31.89 chains S40°E from tamarac serving as the 51 mile post and set a post for closing corner to sections 11 & 14. 65-66 Feb. 22 North between sections 10 & 11 marking a tamarac at 40 chains, intersecting R.L.I.R. line at 62.38 chains 30.20 chains S40°E of an oak serving as the 50 mile post and set a post for closing corner to sections 10 & 11. 84-85 East on a true line between section 3 & 10 set post at 40 chains, intersected R.L.I.R. line at 65.27 chains 7.54 chains S40°E of a bur oak serving as the 50 mile post and set a post for closing corner to 3 & 10. 86-87 March 5 North between sections 3 & 4, set post at 40 chains, intersected R.L.I.R. line at 77.67 chains 11.70 chains N40°W of a white pine serving as the 49 mile post and set a post for closing corner to sections 3 & 4.

Figure 16. Hamery’s field notes showing the connections between the exterior and subdivision lines of T.147 R.38 and the Reserva- tion Boundary in I5555.32

Conclusion End Notes Very few conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of 1 Readers should have access to the relevant township plat to four townships. The rectangular survey lines spread system- supplement the text. atically and expediently across the land surface of Minnesota 2 Squires, Rod. “The Red Lake Reservation Boundaries: An creating a coherent geometric net. Of course, they could not Overview and the Southern Boundary,” Minnesota Surveyor spread across areas that had not been ceded by American In- v.23 no.1 (Spring 2015) 14-19, 21-25; The treaty can be found dian — but that rarely caused a problem. Their spread into in 10 Statutes at Large 1165 and Kappler Indian Affairs Laws and across areas established as reservation was complicated be- and Treaties Vol. II Treaties 685 online at http://digital.library. cause they had to close against the reservation boundary lines. okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/chi0685.htm This article describes just how those connections were made in 3 Squires end note 2 p.15. the case of the Original Red Lake Indian Reservation. 4 Squires cited in end note 2 p.18.

Continued on page 25

5 Squires cited in end note 2 p.5. Just how Merrill knew the of June 3, 1873. BLM E5231. The west and south exteriors location of the head of the Wild Rice River is unknown although were run by Henry S. Stone under his contract of September the exteriors of T.145 R.36 had been already established. See 11, 1876. BLM E5257. The east exterior was run by George F. footnote 20 of the article cited in end note 2. Hamilton, who also resurveyed the west exterior and retraced the north exterior, under his contract of May 23, 1879. BLM 6 Amended plat of that part of the township outside the E5264. The subdivision lines were run by Hamilton under a reservation. contract August 12, 1880. BLM I5647. 7 Merrill did not record any dates in his notebook but his final 18 A correction that I inadvertently omitted in my article cited in affidavit was notarized May 26, 1873. end note 2. 8 BLM E5264 p.4. At the end of the notes Hamilton made 19 See end note 3 in the article cited in end note 2. an affidavit of the following survey, “the exterior boundaries of Townships 150 R.40, Tp 151 R.41 Tps 152, 156 & 157 20 BLM E5264 p.4. See end note 8 above for a comment on the R.42 & & Tps 153, 154, 155 Range 43 W. (also part of differences between the title and the affidavit. the N. Western and South Western boundaries of Red Lake 21 Presumably between July 3 and 16 he ran other lines. Indian Reservation.)” p.153. I doubt whether the difference in description between the title page and his affidavit is 22 “posts” includes marked post and marked posts in mound with significant. It is clear that he was not authorized to resurvey the pits. boundary line but was forced to do so to complete his work. He also subdivided some of the townships he established. 23 p.54 crossed out and marked “void.” 9 BLM E5264 p.65-67. See also Squires end note 2 p.19, 20. 24 BLM I5667 p.131. 10 BLM E5264 p.68. 25 Whether any corrections were made is unknown. 11 Merrill did not set half-mile posts. 26 See letter dated July 22, 1873 from Commissioner of the General Land Office to Surveyor General Brown asking him to 12 I have not seen the special instructions. According to my suspend the plat because of that fact. Squires end note 2 p.18. research, Hamilton was running township exteriors and subdividing them. 27 U.S. Surveyor General Letters Received 1837-1907 vol. LXII p.17. 13 Chandler to Darling July 6, 1885. U.S. Surveyor General Letters Sent July 6, 1885 vol. P, p.378-379. 28 Ibid p.19. I have not seen any more information on this matter and Butler’s name does not appear on the plat of 14 BLM E5207 p.6-11. BLM E5205 p.96-101. I described these T.148N. R.39W. The main reason for including this letter is to surveys briefly in my article cited in end note 2. demonstrate that this account of surveying activities, like most accounts, is probably incomplete. 15 BLM I5575. Whether deputy Putnam was Samuel M. or Edgar P. is not known. 29 This line marked the northern boundary of the White Earth Indian Reservation. The affidavits and certifications for this 16 BLM I5576. Interestingly, that part of the northern exterior work can be found in BLM volume E5196. in the reservation, which was a portion of the 12th Standard Parallel, was not resurveyed. Clearly there is more to the story 30 Unusually, this volume contains the notes of both exterior lines of this survey. and subdivision lines. 17 The lines shown on the plat were run by several deputies. The 31 145-150 List of 16 settlers claiming land in the township. north exterior, part of the 13th Standard Parallel, was run by Preston T. Jackson & Hector Bruce under their joint contract 32 There is no index for the subdivision lines.

Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 25 Advertise in the Minnesota Surveyor! Available From the MSPS Office: Fant, Freeman & Madson on Writing Land Descriptions • More than 600 members of the sur- $30 (Members or Nonmembers) veying community in Minnesota read the A Striking Triumph of Geometry Over Physical Geography, award-winning Minnesota Surveyor maga- by Rod Squires; includes searchable CD • zine. Advertising in the magazine is a great $70 (Members or Nonmembers) way to reach that audience! MLSA/MSPS History, 1953-2003 50th Anniversary • $35 (Members or Nonmembers) 2016 ADVERTISING RATES: The Land Surveyor’s Handbook of Statutes, Book One • 1/3 page (4.5” wide x 4.75” high)..... $119.00 $55 (Members or Nonmembers) 1/2 page (7.5” wide x 5” high)...... $163.00 The Land Surveyor’s Handbook of Statutes, Book Two • 2/3 page (4.5” wide x 10” high)...... $210.00 $55 (Members or Nonmembers) Full page (7.5” wide x 10” high)...... $305.00 Public Land Surveys: History, Instructions, Methods • Back Cover (7.5” wide x 5.25” high).$210.00 $24.30 (Members or Nonmembers) Report 1: Public Land Survey in Minnesota • SUSTAINING MEMBERS receive $14.73 (Members or Nonmembers) a 20% Discount! Additional publications and pins are also available! Deadline for our next issue Use the secure online payment system at (Summer 2016): www.mnsurveyor.com or call the office at June 1 for June publication (651) 203-7256 to get an order form. Contact Laurie Pumper at the MSPS Office, [email protected] or (651) 290-6273 for more information. Please send ads via email, preferably in high-resolution pdf format, to Laurie Pumper at [email protected].

J.R.Nelsosincne ...... &...... 19C83 ompany Photographically reproduced Mylars as mandated by Minnesota Statutes 505.021 Index of Advertisers Subdivision 1. Plat Format A plat shall be prepared on four mil transparent reproducible film or Berntsen Survey Markers . . . . . 12 the equivalent, and shall be reproduced by a photographic process. Frontier Precision ...... 7 Plat sheet size shall be 22 inches by 34 inches. Harrison Marker Co . . . . Back Cover Leica Geosystems . .Inside Front Cover J.R. Nelson & Company. . . . . 26 RDO Integrated Controls. . . . . 19 612.339.1425 Rinke Noonan ...... 34 ------same day services Available ------

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More than 450 people (including speakers, exhibitors Hidde continues in the role of Secretary and Bryan Balcome and sponsors) attended the 2016 MSPS Annual Meeting, continues in the role of Treasurer. Chris Ambourn was in- held February 10-12 at Mystic Lake Casino Hotel & Confer- stalled as NSPS Governor. Newly elected Directors include ence Center in Prior Lake. The FIG Young Surveyors North David Pemberton, Curt Schley and Scott Trosen. Continuing American Meeting was held on February 10 at the same ven- their service on the Board are Directors Katie R. B. Cook ue; we were pleased to co-locate the events, which created and Chris Mavis. Immediate Past President Connie Villari great synergy among the attendees! will also continue to serve on the Board for the coming year.

MSPS Officers and Directors were installed during the Awards were presented to Henry Nelson as Surveyor of Annual Meeting. Dan Skinner was inaugurated as President; the Year; Garrett Borowicz, William Kelley Memorial Award; Daniel Stueber was elected as President-Elect, while Cynthia and Peter Blethen, EA Rathbun Memorial Award.

Right: MSPS Event Committee Chair Preston Dowell addresses attendees.

MSPS Past President Dennis Honsa (left) presented Garrett Borowicz with the William Kelley Memo- Continued on page 28 rial Award, in recognition of community service.

We had great attendance throughout the Annual Meeting. Thanks to all who attended!

Left: NSPS President Tony Cavell addresses MSPS members at the Annual Business Meeting.

Below: MLS Foundation representatives prepare to award scholarships.

Save the Date!

MSPS Annual Meeting • February 8-10, 2017 Duluth Entertainment & Convention Center

MSPS Past President Dennis Honsa (left) presented Henry D. Nelson with the MSPS Surveyor of the Year Award, in recognition of outstanding service to the society.

Nancy Blethen (left) accepted the EA Rathbun Memorial Award on behalf of her late husband Peter as MSPS Past President Connie Villari listened.

Above and left: Wednesday dinner with the FIG Young Professional attendees.

Congratulations to our 2016 MLS Scholarship Winners!

The Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors and as MSPS Surveyor of the Year in 2006 for his contributions to the Minnesota Land Surveyors Foundation are pleased to the land surveying profession in Minnesota. announce the Blethen Memorial Scholarship in memory of long-time MSPS member Peter W. Blethen. Throughout Peter’s career, he supported the work of the MLS Foundation. He believed there was no better way to Peter was a graduate of the University of promote the surveying profession than to sup- Colorado, Boulder; he was a dedicated employ- port surveying students in their education. In ee of Bolton & Menk, Inc., for more than 31 2002, he was the first owner of the prestigious years until his retirement in 2014. Peter passed MSPS Traveling Bearing Tree Trophy. away in January 2016 following a courageous battle with cancer. He was a Registered Land Further demonstrating his strong belief in Surveyor in both Minnesota and Iowa. Peter surveying education, Peter served on the South worked very hard in advancing survey technol- Central College Civil Engineering Technol- ogy within Bolton & Menk as well as in the ogy Advisory Committee and on the MnDOT surveying industry. In addition to his MSPS Survey Technical Workshop Committee. membership, Peter served in multiple capaci- The Foundation is working with Peter’s ties within the society — including as Chapter family to determine the criteria for the Blethen Memorial Secretary, Chapter Vice President, Chapter President, MSPS Scholarship. In the meantime, we encourage members to Board member, Secretary and President. Peter was recognized make a donation to the scholarship fund.

Yes, I wish to donate to the Peter W. Blethen Memorial Scholarship

Donor Information: Name: ______

Address: ______

City: ______State: ______Zip: ______

Email Address: ______

Send checks and/or correspondence to: MLS Foundation c/o Dennis J. Purcell, PLS 1399 Wood Duck Trail Shakopee, MN 55379-9430 [email protected]

Make checks payable to: MLS Foundation Please note that your donation is for the Blethen Memorial Scholarship.

The Minnesota Land Surveyors Foundation is a 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation. A tax deduction receipt will be provided to each donor.

Advance Surveying & Engineering Co. Bolton & Menk Inc. Bolton & Menk Inc. James Parker Nate Stadler Janele Fowlds 5300 South County Road 101 7533 Sunwood Dr. NW 2730 Ford St Minnetonka, MN 55345 Ramsey, MN 55303 Ames, IA 50010 (952) 474-7964 Fax (952) 401-1375 (763) 433-2851 Fax (763) 427-0833 (515) 233-6100 Fax (515) 233-4430 http://www.advsur.com/ www.bolton-menk.com www.bolton-menk.com

Bogart Pederson & Assoc., Inc. Bolton & Menk Inc. Bolton & Menk, Inc. Dennis D. Pederson Rory J Jensen Janele Fowlds 13076 1st St 35 South Park Avenue 2778 Commerce Dr. NW, Suite C Becker, MN 55308 LeCenter, MN 56057 Rochester, MN 55901 (763) 262-8822 Fax (763) 262-8844 (507) 238-4482 Fax (507) 625-4177 (507) 208-4332 Fax (507) 208-4155 www.bogart-pederson.com www.bolton-menk.com Bolton & Menk Inc. Bogart Pederson & Assoc., Inc. Bolton & Menk Inc. Janele Fowlds Lee A Brown Nate Stadler 1900 North Grand Avenue, Suite E-12 311 Division Street West 7656 Design Rd, Suite 200 Spencer, IA 51301 Maple Lake, MN 55358 Baxter, MN 56425-8676 (712) 580-5075 (320) 963-6900 Fax (320) 963-6060 (218) 825-0684 Fax (218) 825-0685 www.bolton-menk.com www.bolton-menk.com Bogart Pederson & Assoc., Inc. 13076 1st St Bolton & Menk, Inc. Bolton & Menk, Inc. Nate Stadler Becker, MN 55308-9322 Richard Williams 4165 South 20th Ave., Suite 100 (320) 252-0409 Fax (763) 262-8844 12224 Nicollet Avenue Fargo, ND 58104 Burnsville, MN 55337 (701) 566-5339 Fax (701) 566-5348 Bolton & Menk Inc. (952) 890-0509 Fax (952) 890-8065 www.bolton-menk.com Janele Fowlds www.bolton-menk.com 1960 Premier Dr Mankato, MN 56001 Bolton & Menk, Inc. C.E. Coulter & Associates, Inc. (507) 625-4171 Fax (507) 625-4177 Nate Stadler John C Peterson www.bolton-menk.com 2638 Shadow Lane, Ste 200 1000 E 146th St, Suite 240 Chaska, MN 55318 Burnsville, MN 55337 (952) 808-9500 Fax (952) 808-9501 Bolton & Menk Inc. (952) 448-8838 Fax (952) 448-8805 Joe Haefner www.bolton-menk.com 219 North Main St. Cornerstone Land Surveying, Inc. Dan Thurmes Fairmont, MN 56031 Bolton & Menk, Inc. (507) 238-4738 Fax (507) 238-4732 Nate Stadler 6750 Stillwater Blvd N, Ste 1 www.bolton-menk.com 2040 Highway 12 East Stillwater, MN 55082 Willmar, MN 56201 (651) 275-8969 Fax (651) 275-8976 Bolton & Menk Inc. (320) 231-3956 Fax (320) 231-9710 Jesse Zeig Duffy Engineering & Associates, Inc. Barry R Dorniden 140 First Ave N, PO Box 434 Bolton & Menk, Inc. Sleepy Eye, MN 56085 Richard Williams 350 Highway 10 South, Suite 101 (507) 794-5541 Fax (507) 794-5542 2035 County Rd. D East, Suite B St. Cloud, MN 56304 www.bolton-menk.com Maplewood, MN 55109 (320) 259-1234 Fax (320) 203-1234 (651) 704-9970 Fax (651) 704-9971 www.duffyeng.com

E.G. Rud & Sons Inc Houston Engineering, Inc. Kramer Leas DeLeo, P.C. Jason Rud Bart Schultz Sam DeLeo 6776 Lake Drive NE, Suite 110 6901 E Fish Lake Rd, STE 140 11 North 7th Avenue Suite 100 Lino Lakes, MN 55014 Maple Grove, MN 55369 St. Cloud, MN 56303 (651) 361-8200 Fax (651) 361-8701 (763) 493-4522 Fax (763) 493-5572 (320) 259-1266 Fax (320) 259-8811 www.egrud.com www.houstoneng.com www.kldland.com

E.G. Rud & Sons, Inc. Hult & Hebeisen, P.A. Loucks Associates Kurt Nelson Dale F Hebeisen Paul J McGinley 255 Hwy 7 E. PO Box 37 7200 Hemlock Lane, Suite 300 Hutchinson, MN 55350 Forest Lake, MN 55025 Maple Grove, MN 55369 (320) 587-2025 Fax (320) 587-2595 (651) 464-3130 Fax (651) 464-4822 (763) 424-5505 Fax (763) 424-5822 www.egrud.com www.hultmn.com www.loucksassociates.com

Egan, Field & Nowak Inc Loucks/Sanders Wacker Bergly I&S Group, Inc. Lee J Nord Paul J McGinley Daniel Stueber 1229 Tyler St. NE, Suite 100 365 East Kellogg Blvd. 115 East Hickory Street, Suite 300 Minneapolis, MN 55413 St. Paul, MN 55101 Mankato, MN 56001 (612) 466-3300 Fax (612) 466-3383 (651) 221-0401 Fax (651) 297-6817 (507) 387-6651 Fax (507) 387-3583 www.efnsurvey.com www.swb-loucks.com www.is-grp.com Engineering Design & Surveying, Inc. Massey Land Surveying & Engineering Vladimir Sivriver I&S Group, Inc. Richard Massey 6480 Wayzata Blvd. Daniel Stueber PO Box 100 Minneapolis, MN 55426 1415 Town Square Lane Kasson, MN 55944 (763) 545-2800 Fax (763) 545-2801 Faribault, MN 55021 (507) 634-4505 Fax (507) 634-6560 www.edsmn.com (507) 331-1500 Fax (507) 331-1501 www.masseylandsurveying.com www.is-grp.com Hakanson Anderson Associates Moore Engineering Charles Christopherson James R. Hill Inc. Jeffry J. Volk 3601 Thurston Ave. Marcus Hampton 925 10th Ave E. Anoka, MN 55303 2500 West County Rd 42, Suite 120 West Fargo, ND 58078 (763) 427-5860 Fax (763) 427-0520 Burnsville, MN 55337 (701) 282-4692 Fax (701) 282-4530 www.haa-inc.com (952) 890-6044 Fax (952) 890-6244 Moore Engineering, Inc Hayes Surveying & Mapping PC Jones, Haugh And Smith, Inc. Christopher D Heyer Maureen Hayes Steven Thompson 1808 E. Fir Ave. 18 Brandon Lane 515 S Washington Ave Fergus Falls, MN 56537 Grand Marais, MN 55604 Albert Lea, MN 56007 (218) 998-4041 Fax (218) 998-4042 (218) 387-2532 (507) 373-4876 Fax (507) 373-1839 www.mooreengineeringinc.com jhseng.com Houston Engineering MSA Professional Services Jeff Langan Kramer Leas DeLeo, P.C. Dennis Honsa 208 4th St. E. James Kramer 60 Plato Blvd East, Suite 140 Thief River Falls, MN 56701 1120 Industrial Park Rd. SW St. Paul, MN 55107 (218) 681-2951 Fax (218) 681-2987 Brainerd, MN 56401 (651) 334-8413 Fax (763) 786-4574 (218) 829-5333 Fax (218) 829-5377 www.msa-ps.com Houston Engineering Inc www.kldland.com Curtis Skarphol MSA Professional Services 1401 21st Ave. N. 134 Roosevelt Shore Dr. NE Fargo, ND 58102 Outing, MN 56662 (701) 237-5065 Fax (701) 237-5101 (651) 334-8413 www.houstoneng.com www.msa-ps.com

Oliver Surveying & Engineering, Inc. Schoborg Land Services, Inc. Ulteig Engineers, Inc. Rick M Blom Kelly L Brouwer 4285 Lexington Ave. N. 580 Dodge Avenue 8997 Co Rd 13 SE St. Paul, MN 55126 Elk River, MN 55330 Delano, MN 55328 (651) 415-3800 (763) 441-2072 Fax (763) 441-5665 (763) 972-3221 Fax (763) 972-3223 www.ulteig.com www.oliver-se.com SRF Consulting Group, Inc. Ulteig Engineers, Inc. Oliver Surveying & Engineering, Inc. Matthew D. Hansen 1041 Hawk St., PO Box 150 580 Dodge Ave NW 1 Carlson Parkway Suite 150 Detroit Lakes, MN 56501-0150 Elk River, MN 55330-2875 Plymouth, MN 55447 (218) 847-5607 Fax (218) 847-2791 (952) 894-3045 Fax (952) 894-3049 (763) 475-0010 Fax (763) 475-2429 www.ulteig.com www.oliver-se.com www.srfconsulting.com Ulteig Engineers, Inc. 3350 38th Ave S Otto Associates Stonemark Land Surveying Inc Fargo, ND 58104 Paul E Otto Patrick A Trottier (701) 280-8500 Fax (701) 237-3191 9 West Division St PO Box 874 www.ulteig.com Buffalo, MN 55313 Pequot Lakes, MN 56472 (763) 682-4727 Fax (763) 682-3522 (218) 568-4940 Fax (218) 568-5404 Ulteig Engineers, Inc. www.ottoassociates.com www.stonemarksurvey.com 5701 S. Corporate Pl, Ste. 1 Sioux Falls, SD 57108-5007 Prairie Land Surveying Sunde Land Surveying, LLC (605) 323-2306 Fax (605) 323-2308 John Veroeven Lenny Carlson www.ulteig.com 1047 E. Main St. 9001 East Bloomington Freeway, Suite #118 Mankato, MN 56001 Bloomington, MN 55420 W. Brown Land Surveying, Inc. (507) 469-5997 Fax (507) 216-4399 (952) 881-2455 Fax (952) 888-9526 Woodrow A Brown www.prairielandsurveying.com www.sunde.com 8030 Cedar Ave. S. Ste 228 Bloomington, MN 55425 Rehder & Associates, Inc. Survey Mapping Solutions (952) 854-4055 Fax (952) 854-4268 Thomas J Adam 208 Second St NE, Suite B 3440 Federal Drive, Ste 110 Little Falls, MN 56345 Widseth Smith Nolting Eagan, MN 55122 (218) 850-8334 Chris Jordheim (651) 452-5051 Fax (651) 452-9797 www.surveymapsolutions.com 1600 Central Ave. NE www.rehder.com East Grand Forks, MN 56721 The Gregory Group, Inc., dba Lot (218) 773-1185 Fax (218) 773-3348 Sambatek Surveys Company www.WidsethSmithNolting.com 12800 Whitewater Dr., Ste. 300 Gregory Prasch Minnetonka, MN 55343 7601 73rd Ave N Widseth Smith Nolting (763) 476-6010 Fax (763) 476-8532 Brooklyn Park, MN 55428 Chris Jordheim www.sambatek.com (763) 560-3093 2850 24th Ave S www.lotsurveys.com Grand Forks, ND 58201 Sathre-Bergquist Inc. (701) 795-1975 Fax (701) 795-1978 David Pemberton TKDA Inc. www.WidsethSmithNolting.com 150 S. Broadway Ave. 444 Cedar St., Ste 1500 Wayzata, MN 55391 St. Paul, MN 55101 (952) 476-6000 Fax (952) 476-0104 (651) 292-4400 www.sathre.com www.tkda.com

Widseth Smith Nolting - Alexandria Widseth Smith Nolting - Bemidji Widseth Smith Nolting - Rochester Bryan T. Balcome Scott Buxton Peter Oetliker 610 Fillmore St, PO Box 1028 315 - 5th St NW, PO Box 398 6301 Bandel Rd NW, Ste 301 Alexandria, MN 56308 Bemidji, MN 56649-0398 Rochester, MN 55901 (320) 335-5023 Fax (320) 762-0263 (218) 444-1859 Fax (218) 444-1860 (507) 292-8743 Fax (507) 292-8746 www.WidsethSmithNolting.com www.WidsethSmithNolting.com www.WidsethSmithNolting.com

Widseth Smith Nolting - Baxter Widseth Smith Nolting - Crookston Chad M. Conner Garrett Borowicz 7804 Industrial Park Rd 216 South Main St Baxter, MN 56425 Crookston, MN 56716 (218) 829-5117 Fax (218) 829-2517 (218) 281-6522 Fax (218) 281-6545 www.WidsethSmithNolting.com www.WidsethSmithNolting.com

MSPS Chapter Chairs:

A reminder to send your meeting notices and minutes to the MSPS office so that we can post the information on the MSPS website.

Send information to Eric Ewald at [email protected] or to Laurie Pumper at lauriep@ewald. com — we will be happy to promote your Chapter events!

34 Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors Sustaining Members The Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors appreciates the continued participation and encourages your support for the following Sustaining Members of MSPS:

Berntsen International, Inc. Harrison Marker Co. RDO Integrated Controls Tim Klaben Ellen Johnson Adam Gilbertson PO Box 8670 Box 66 9201 East Bloomington Freeway Madison, WI 53708-8670 Anoka, MN 55303 Bloomington, MN 55420 (608) 249-8549 (763) 421-1445 (952) 948-1604 www.berntsen.com www.harrisonmarker.com www.rdointegratedcontrols.com

Fred Meyer Leica Geosystems Inc Stonebrooke Engineering, Chris Rotegard Inc. Technology Services 4107 158th Street West Fred Meyer 12279 Nicollet Ave. S. Rosemount, MN 55068 14558 Joppa Ave. S. Burnsville, MN 55337 (612) 385-6067 Savage, MN 55378 (952) 403-6803 www.leica-geosystems.us (952) 381-4404 www.stonebrookengineering.com [email protected] Martinez Geospatial, Inc. Steve Martinez Frontier Precision 2915 Waters Road, Ste 100 Steve Richter Eagan, MN 55121 2852 7th St. N. (651) 686-8424 St. Cloud, MN 56303 www.mtzgeo.com (320) 654-6511 Fax (320) 654-6520 Quantum Spatial 10900 73rd Ave. N., Suite 120 Miles Strain Maple Grove, MN 55369 13400 68th Ave N (763) 496-1366 Maple Grove, MN 55311 (877) 698-3077 Toll-Free (763) 420-9606 www.frontierprecision.com www.quantumspatial.com

OBJECTIVE The objective of this association is to unite all the registered Land surveyors in the State of Minnesota, to elevate the standards of the surveying profession in the State of Minnesota; to establish basic minimum requirements for surveys, to assist in promoting legislation and educational programs to improve the professional status of the land surveyor; to work in cooperation with local, county and state governments in our field of endeavor; to uphold a rigid code of ethics and strive to improve our relations with our clients and the public by work with precision and integrity.

Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors

Spring 2016 • Minnesota Surveyor • Copyright 2016 by the Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors 35 MINNESOTA SURVEYOR Prsrt First Minnesota Society of Professional Surveyors Class Mail 1000 Westgate Drive, Suite 252 U.S. Postage St. Paul, MN 55114-1067 PAID (651) 203-7256 • (800) 890-LAND St. Paul, MN Permit No. 4988 www.mnsurveyor.com