Literature of American Baptists

LI T ERAT URE OF AMERI CAN BAPT I ST S,

FROM 1814

L LI AM BY REV . WI

FREEPORT

LI T ERA T U RE O F A MERI CAN B APT I ST S .

A CO M PL ET E historic rev iew of the literature produced by Baptists in the English language would i nv olve a history of

a . the langu ge itself Its characteristic ideas , though not in

the r exa c t ca lms form or of the present day , have largely intermingled with the recorded English thinking from the

beginning . Though it is not the object of this paper to ex hibit the process of this statement in detail , yet the fact is n ecessary to a proper estimate of American Baptist Litera

u i n - t re the last half century ; for , as literature is the out

i n growth of ideas , its form , its direction , its chief material

one age , are largely inﬂuenced by preceding ages . Whether i t be the record of struggles , of conﬂicts , of persecutions , of ff su erings , or of peaceful progress , of cal m advocacy or of

turbulent controversy , literature becomes the chief material

n of the history of religious opinio s . The literature of Bap

ti s ts n a h in the English la guage is growt of centuries ,

h m o diﬁca tion each successive age imparting to it a fres ,

h v eac part so itally related to every other part , that , to be

rightly estimated , it must be viewed as one organic whole . A n d whe n we have traced this literat u re to what m ight

- o u t seem its fountain head , in the various dialects of which

n the conglomerate English la guage was formed , as the diverse a races were gradu lly fused into one people , we soon ﬁnd that m its characteristic ideas had sprung up long before , fro a far

distant fountain . We ﬁnd that their origin must be sought

- in another land , in a far distant age . Their rise in the Brit

i s h i Isles is soon found to be no orig nal fountain , no native s pring . M N 3944 LITERATURE OF A ERICA BAPTISTS . When the Holy City was about to be besieged by a hostile army , the king stopped all the fountains of water , so that i n u the place of cool springs , bubbling p from rocky dells , d the invaders found usty roads , arid wastes , or the stubble of harvested ﬁelds . Not that royal power could force back : d the upspringing waters they ﬂowe on , as pure as ever ,

- n 111 securely enclosed by time defying masonry , dow deep h the earth , ﬂowing beneath hig hills , through secret con h duits , or strong archways , or winding galleries cut throug

d n o t the living rock , to be poured out where the besiege ,

i A the besiegers , might rejo ce in their cooling presence . ges rolled away the places of the pri mitive fountains faded from the memory of man the existence of these deep crypts b e neath the massive city walls , the lofty towers , or temple bat tlem en ts all , was unknown so that even

’ S oa s k t a ﬂ wed il broo , h t o ” Fa st b th e o a c e of G od y r l , was deemed to spring up at the very spot where its spar V w m kling waters ﬁrst came to ie , so far distant fro its real source . S o d it was when the waters of life gushe forth , fresh and r L pure , f om the teaching of our blessed ord and His holy

A . postles For a time they ﬂowed on , widening and deepen i n i n n g as they went , gladdening thirsty souls their ope prog

n ress towards the great sea of peoples and ations . The

- saintly purity , the simplicity , the heavenly mindedness of the l ear y churches , the perfect sincerity of their religious life , the singleness of heart , the childlike earnestness of their piety , have never since been witnessed . They drank the

pure waters of the primitive fountain .

n B ut the Holy Jerusalem , coming dow from God out of

n : he heaven , was soo besieged this primitive fountain , too ,

u came a spring shut p , a fountain sealed . The waters of

life still ﬂowed on , unchecked and pure , but out of the sight of hostile foes and false friends who would corrupt them ;

d i n A i n c i n they foun outlets sia , Gree e , and Italy ; they LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . 395 gushed forth i n the valleys of the Pyrenees and the Alps ;

i n they sprung up the mountains of Wales , mingling but slightly with the turgid waters of religious political history , in those centuries of darkness , of superstition , of corruption , and of persecution .

This early corruption of Christianity , by which its sacred

r n o name was p ofa ed to the base uses of persecuti n , was — b foretold by the New Testament writers , y Paul and

- who John especially , speak of the process as even then begun .

First, as was to be expected , came those corruptions of

n n Christianity consequent on the intermi gli g of Jewish ideas . c In its earlier and grosser orruptions , Christianity was held to be an offshoot of the Abrahamic and Mosaic institutions Jesu s was raised to the Messiahship for his legal piety the Divine favor ﬂowed down an hereditary channel ; the king dom of the Messiah was a continuation of the kingdom

n of Israel , improved , but not essentially cha ged ; not only

was the child included in the covenant with the parent , but the descendant with the ancestor ; the way of salvation by grace throu gh faith was almost as little known to the people

as the courses of those hidden fountains .

Next , as Christianity extended itself over the Roman Em

pire , increasing the number of its nominal adherents chieﬂy

from among the heathen , that crafty power , true to its tra dit1on al policy , adopted the rising religion , instead of the now ff e ete systems of philosophy and worship , which had lost their

i sa hold on the popular mind . Primitive Christianity d p ea red h m p from the surface of istory , which , for any dreary

ecclesi centuries , was chieﬂy occupied with the intrigues of a s tics and the intolerance of bishops and emperors , of popes a n d kings . The soul of Rome remained pagan still , when her body , clad in scarlet robes , sat in the temple of God . u w History is occ pied ith the decrees of councils , the ri v alries of ambitious prelates , the contentions of jarring parties , and the fortunes of hostile creeds , with now and N 8 96 LITERATURE OF AMERICA BAPTISTS .

then a reference to the sufferings of the true witnesses of

Jesus . But the pure waters of life were neither dried u p nor u t terl y driven back they ﬂowed on unseen , to gladden the L ’ — ord s hidde n ones . While state ecclesiasticisms with

v their ranks and orders of ministry ; their altars , candles , est

ments , and chrisms ; their pictures , crosses , confessionals , and

absolutions ; their corrupt teaching of salvation by works ,

u n con sacramental grace , regeneration by water, applied to

u — n fe w scio s babes were hu ting the faithful , scattering

the only true churches that remained , punishing with ﬁnes ,

imprisonments , scourgings , those who kept the ordinances as

n t a they were delivered , who abhorred i fan b ptism with all its L train of corruptions , the ord was not left without faithful to witnesses His truth . As early as the ﬁfth century , one of the champions of infant baptism declared that eternal damna — tion awaits all who deny its utility , although it was not

n New even claimed to h ave the sanctio of the Testament .

The Catharists , a few centuries later , dared not say , when

i n S questioned by the bishops the outh of France , that infan t baptism was wrong ; they said they would only a p

peal to the Gospels and the Epistles . Nothing that power ,

wielded by bigotry , jealousy , and intense hatred of those

n o w principles which Baptists advocate boldly , could do , was ’ left undone to exterminate those who held God s truth i n its

purity .

n i n n The Reformatio in Europe , resulting the separatio of S some of the Germ an tates from Rome , followed by the h quarrel of the British king wit the Pope , prepared the way A for partial religious toleration . powerful party arose in — m i n E urope , combining uch learning , talent , and political

ﬂ uence . , who took the name of Protestants The right to protest against a dominant but corrupted form of religion

- u being established , the long h nted sheep of Christ began to

- ff creep forth from their hiding places . Their su erings for the ’ n ow truth s sake came to remembrance , when states and na LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . 8 97

“ tions threw off the yoke of the Triple Tyrant ; and the soul stirring sonnet of Milton expressed the feeling of thousands

A v n O L th s a h e ed s a n s w h s e es e ge , ord , y l ug t r i t , o bon L i e s ca ttered on th e Alpin e m ou nta i n s c old

v h o k e th h so e of old E en them w pt y trut pur , h k n s t n When a ll ou rfa th ers w ors ipp ed stoc s a d o es .

a n d The distinct peculiar character of that people who , ” ’ m in their ancient fold , had kept God s truth , became ore ff and more obvious . It soon became evident that the di er

n c s an d n e e between them other Protesta ts even , were not only — irreconcilable , but radical and vital , beginning with the

subjects and the true outward form of baptism , and extending

a n d to the structure , the design , the powers , duties of the S ’ Church , to the doctrine of the Holy pirit s presence in

the Church , and to the relation of the kingdom of Christ to

the kingdoms of the world .

A P T I S T The name B , in English literature , was applied to

l a n d those who he d to the primitive faith order , rejecting all ff human additions . The di erences between the Baptist theory and the Romish and Protestant theory became more plain as c the freedom of dis ussion allowed them to be pointed out .

“ The Baptist theory admits voluntary, intelligent , account able persons on ly to the Church ; the Romish and Protes tant theory receives infants also : the Baptist theory re cei v es all its accessions as born of the Spirit ; the Romish and Protestant theory those who are born of the ﬂesh : by

all who i n the Baptist theory , are the Church are entitled to ’ the communion of the Lord s table ; by the Romish and

n Protesta t theory , many who are claimed as members of the ’ Church are debarred from the Lord s table : by the Baptist

the theory , government of the Church is in the hands of all

' B o mi s li the brethren ; by the and Protestant theory , it is

in the hands of the priesthood . The m ission of Baptists

was seen to be to restore the primitive form , membership ,

government , ordinances , and spirit of the churches , and the

kingdom of Christ . L 8 98 ITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

I n thus tracing the literature of Baptists , in the English u L lang age , to the times of our ord , to his Apostles , and to

v a n ff the primiti e churches, we deny that it was o shoot of

Rome , or of the Reformation . The primitive churches hav e long since ceased to exist ; no on e of them has come d ow n to us in its ancient organized form all traces of them , ex cept a few brief records concerning them , which God has

n preserved to be tra smitted to us , have perished ; yet the w seeds embalmed in the Inspired Record , like kernels of heat in the cerements of the dead exhumed from the catacombs of ancient Egypt , retained their vitality they found a soil par tially prepared in England ; they sent up vigorous shoots towards the light and warmth of freedom . This growth was as nearly like that of the ﬁrst age of

Christianity as the changed condition of the people admitted . The m ixture of Jewish ideas and pagan customs had “ changed primitive Christianity into another gospel ; yet the seeds which sprang up so vigorously at ﬁrst were sure to

u send p another growth , whenever the genial sun of freedom

' li ht o f A should kindle the g knowledge . nursery soil was partially prepared in England ; there the seeds thre w forth v i gorous germs ; there the half- sm o thei ed germs s ti u ggled u p through the s up e1 i n cu mb en t mass of ecclesiastical 1 ubhish i n towards the light of religious freedom , till , the fulness of

a n d w time , the young trees , somewhat twisted gnarled , ere ready to be transplanted to the virgin soil of America , where God was laying the foundations of the mightiest empire on

w n o t u earth , of hich , religio s toleration simply , but absolute

the n n religious freedom , entire separatio of religio from civil

- concerns , should be the chief corner stone . ” s The chief glory of every people , says Johnson , arise ” from its authors . The people who speak the English lan guage are largely indebted to Baptist authors . They have L done good service in every department of literature . ike a

o u rlitera ture tree, has one organism , one principle of growth ,

m u . one life , though ade p of roots , trunk , and branches It LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS 8 99

has , in fact , a threefold division , like the three parts of a tree . r That is to say , this literature may be comp ised in three general divisions 1 u u . The ﬁrst division will comprise the literat re prod ced t by B a p ists in England , from the beginning down to the era of Foreign Missions inaugurated by them . The rills of Baptist literature that sprung u p in A merica in the early period of our colonial existence were so intermingled wi th the stream of English Baptist literature as to form one whole . That portion of Baptist literature which has continued to

ﬂow on in England , since the great divergence of religious thought and of civil polity consequent on the independence and freedom of this country , does not come within the scope of our review . 2 m . The second division will co prise the literature pro

uce d i n m d by Baptists America , fro its settlement , onward through its colonial existence , the War of Independence, and

1 8 14 o r our subsequent career , to the year , the era of our F

ei n . g Missions This division is important , rather from its

u qualities , its sturdy nature , and its subsequent inﬂ ence , than m for its a ount . 3 w . The third division ill comprise the literature pro d u ced A - by merican Baptists during the last half century , the immediate subject of this review . D uring this period , the literature of A merican Baptists has been a comparatively w separate , independent stream ; hile that of English Baptists

0 11 has continued to ﬂow . The inﬂuence of the literature of the Baptists of England on the American mind has steadily O declined . The current is now setting in the pposite direction . The English Baptists are now taking lessons from the his

b e tory and the teachings of American Baptists . They are

o u r ginning to see in our doctrines , polity , and especially in our treatment of the religious sects around us , elements of unity , strength , and success , which are wanting in theirs . Baptist i n m literature , the English language , ust reach its perfection S A in the United tates of merica . o r N LITERATURE AMERICA BAPTISTS .

It will be seen that the literature embraced in each of these divisions has its own peculiar characteristics and uses , as dis tin ctl y marked as those of infancy , childhood , and youth ; t l that the infant was neither a bas ard of Rome , nor a mongre of the Reformation , but the true child of the woman who w ﬂed into the wilderness from the face of the beast . It ill be seen that the family likeness of the Baptists of these mod ern days to the Christians of the early centuries is becoming m more and more anifest , by the researches of the most learned historians . It will be seen why p r1m1t1v e Chris tian it y , thus reproduced , has , from its own nature , been at ceaseless variance either as accuser or victi m with state establishments of religion with their corruptions , with all ter res trial churchisms , whether they be the emanations of polit ical ambition or the instruments of sectarian aggrandizement , A in England and merica . 1 m . In looking at the ﬁrst division of the odern Baptist

u i n literature , as it sprung p England , we are surprised that a people so oppressed and wronged should have produced any

u n literature at all , nless that of remonstra ce or of martyr m ology . Banished from the halls of learning , shut out fro i m ris the universities , deprived of temporal support , ﬁned , p on ed , scourged , their persons mutilated , their books burned ,

a n their names cast out as evil , adulteress calling herself “ T H E Church armed with the powers of la w for their de

ho w struction , could it be expected that the early Baptists of England would enrich the literature of their country " ’ Who would have expected that England s most brilliant es sa is t w y , historian , and critic of the present age , in his revie of the literatu re of the seventeenth century , would have given

7 n o such a verdict as this . We are t afraid to say , that , though there w ere many clever men in England during the latter part of the seventeenth century , there were only two

O ne great creative minds . of these minds produced the ’ ’ ’

L t . Paradise ost , the o her the Pilgrim s Progress ” O “ S hak s ea re ne of these two great creative minds , the p LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

m m of the spiritual drama for ankind , the atchless delineator of the unsee n workings of the human spirit in its str u ggles a G od u a s iri n s fter , in its conﬂicts with the nseen , in its p g

o i n n after the p wer of the world to come , was immured priso

e r twelve y ars , for decla ing the primitive Gospel and admin i s te ri n r g the primitive ordinances as a Baptist preache , abun dant in labors for his Master The other composed his tw o S r most elaborate , painstaking volumes to prove from the c ip tu res the Divine origin and authority of the distingu ishi n g principles of Baptists

The crowning glory of the character of Milton , for which m he deserves the lasting honor and love of ankind , far more

u than for his wonderf l erudition and his imperial genius , was his intense love of God ’ s revealed truth respecting the king dom of Christ . This was the spring of his quenchless , tire

‘ less love of liberty , culminating in a burning hatred of all ’ n lm i u n . S a a s s persecutions for co scie ce sake His letters to ,

S i n his letters as the ecretary of Cromwell , sent the name of S S the Protector to the princes of avoy , of France , of weden ,

v S of Denmark , and of Transyl ania , to the enate of Geneva ,

L ers ec u to the ords of Germany , remonstrating against the p A tions of the lbigenses , the promptings of his own brave ,

ho w d h generous soul , show fully that soul was imbue wit r the love of liberty . His appeal for the freedom of the p ess 18 m a style of more than mortal eloquence , such as nothing

o n but the deepest c nvictio could have inspired . No one can estimate the indebtedness of English freedom , as well as of

s Engli h literature , to the pen of John Milton .

The fame of Bunyan , as an author , rests chieﬂy on his ’ ” u peerless work , the Pilgrim s Progress . Altho gh the

a e author , as it is said , of as many works as he was years of g

many of them of rare excellence , yet that marvel lous book causes all the others to disappear from the pop

i n ular view , like stars the presence of the sun . No book , perhaps , except the Bible , has been translated into so many languages ; none depicts so vividly the struggles of the hu 51 4 02 LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

l a ll man heart with temptations an d spiritua foes , in climes

and ages . m Before the iddle of the seventeenth century , we ﬁn d

m e a ong the names of authors who enriched English literatur ,

a n d a stood forth as the dvocates of a pure gospel , those of S R h r Edward Barker , of amuel ichardson , of C ristophe

r K a n d Blackwood , of Hansa d nollys , of Francis Cornwell ; ,

i n r - w ho the latte half, of Jeremiah Ives , of John Tombes , ’ n o rco tt d A n published fourteen books , of Joh N , of Henry

— e i n vers , who joined with Tomb s repelling the assaults of

— o f K Ed w a 1 d Richard Baxter , Benjamin and Elias each , of

D . Hutchinson , of Thomas Grantham , of Nehemiah Cox , D . ,

L a u n n e — of Thomas De , whose book contained a preface

a nd by Daniel Defoe , which his opponents answered by put

i n o ff im ting him the pillory , taking his ears , ﬁning and him prisoning him , and ﬁnally allowing to die in prison ,

es . of Doctor Russell , and of Collins , besid many others

It m ust be remembered that this was an age of great re « ‘ h li i o u s . g declension in England , of a general eclipse of fait

I n n the Established Church , during this period , says a disti

u ished h Ra g writer of that C urch , It was not merely that

ti onalis m a then obtruded itself as a heresy, or obt ined a footing of toleration within the Church ; but the rationalizing metho d

possessed itself absolutely of the whole ﬁeld of theology .

a With some triﬂing exceptions , the whole of religious liter ‘ ture was drawn into the endeavor to prove the truth o f ’ Christianity . Dogmatic theology had ceased to ex i s t ; the exhibitio n of religious truth for practical purpos e s

ha d was conﬁned to a few obscure writers . Every one who any thing to say on sacred subjects drilled i t i n to an array o f

e argument against a s u p p os ed objector . Christianity appear d made for nothing else but to be proved ; what use to make ” 1 of it when it was proved was not much thought about . ’ ohns o n s The preaching of that age was , to use J compar O i n ' A e ison , rather an ld Bailey theology , which the postl s

1 E f S e e M a k i g , r Pattison , on Tendencies of Rel gious Thought in n land rom 1688 to 1750. LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

a r1 a i ne d e fo r r were gb once a w ek the capital c ime of forgery , than the G O S pel of salvation . The Baptists of this period

to the 1 a n d ffe were called wo k of testifying su ring , not only

G o d for the primitive order and ordinances of the house of ,

d fo r the h i n n but for sound octrine , trut of God oppositio to

to t he s peculations of men ; to contend with dead formalism ,

i n o 1 1 hold u p the cross of Christ the place of worthless f ns .

I n eml a 1 t 1 i n the y p of the eighteenth centu y , we ﬁnd the roll of worthies who enriched the literature of that peri o d the S names of such writers as amuel Ewen ; John Brine , men tion ed by Bickersteth as a powerful writer ; Benjamin

an d Beddome , the admired p reacher , writer , poet ; the three

S tenn etts a n L o , Joseph , eminent minister of ondon , auth r of D S . . many works , his son , Joseph tennett , D , a distinguished

S t D L on S . . scholar and author , and amuel tenne t , D , also of L D L . n don ; John Evans , . , one of whose works soo sold to the number of a hundred thousand copies ; J . H . Evans , l the author of many exce lent religious works , of which the L ” “ ondon Christian Magazine says , Every page is cal l c u a ted . to awaken prayer and holy meditation ; Dr Gale , d e . the learn opponent of Dr Wall the famous Dr . Gill , whom Toplady regards as having trod the whole circle ” “ n of human lear ing , and of whom he says , that , while true religion and sound learning have a single friend in the

h n l l Britis empire , the works and ame of Gil wil be known and revered ; Joseph Burroughs ; William Z oa t ; Caleb D . . r t b Evans , D , anothe arden friend of religious li erty , as

well as an advocate of the freedom of the Colonies , a ” spirited controversialist and zealous assertor , says a distin u ished r g American w iter , of those liberal and noble prin c iples to which we were indebted for our glorious Rev olu

t m u tion ; Abraham Booth , the excellen inister and judicio s

writer ; Joseph Jenkins , author of several treatises and the R learned Robert obinson . Towards the close of the last and the beginning of the pres

a nd ent century , a galaxy of names of accomplished scholars L 4 04. ITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . brilliant writers appear i n the ﬁ rma m en t of English litera ture as the champions of the primitive faith . Among them

011 are the names of William Jones , author of a work the

L o f history of the church ; of Thomas lewellyn , the friend

Dr . Gill , and correspondent of Dr . Manning ; of William LL D . . n Richards , , another ardent frie d of religious liberty , who bequeathed his valuable library of 1300 volumes to

Brown University ; of Robert Hall , of John Foster , of A w A ndre Fuller , of Christopher nderson , of Joseph Ivi mey , and others .

theolo l ca l Fuller is an acknowledged prince among g writers ,

a l a keen anatomist of error , whose controversial and pr ctica

r O o s w itings are a rare treasure of spiritual wisdom . f F ter , S ir James Mackintosh says , I have read , with the greatest admiration , the Essays of Mr . Foster . He is one of the mos t profound and eloquent writers that England has pro ” d e d u ce . The fame of Hall is co xtensive with the glory of “ . S t o ev er elegant letters Dugald tewart says of him ,

‘ En lis h la n ua e i n wishes to see the g g g its perfection , must read the writings of that great divine , Robert Hall . He com s Add bine the beauties of Johnson , ison , and B urke , without S ir m their imperfections . James Mackintosh , fro whom a biography of Hall was expected when he himself w a s sud “ d enl m y ade the subject of biography , says , His eloquence

n ff n i ma is of the highest order , the atural e usio of a fertile g i na ti on v a and of an ardent mind while his style is easy,

n . O n rio s , and animated a review of all his varied excel len cies n , we can ot but expect with conﬁdence that the name of Robert Hall will be placed by posterity among the best

of a e a s m writers the g , as well the ost vigorous defenders

n of religious truth , and the brightest examples of Christia ” t chari y .

This will not be considered extravagant , coming from

m a n such a , whose estimate is amply conﬁrmed by scholars

T a lfo u rd . S . . and critics like Dr Gregory , ir T N , Bicker L S ir . L steth , E Bulwer ytton , ord Brougham , and the most LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

ff eminent literary revie wers of all parties . The e ect of his pulpit eloquence is represented as wo n derful beyond des c rip w tion . No preacher dre such crowds of the most highly

n cultivated hearers , eve of those who despised the people the with whom he was connected . Some of most eminent writers and preachers in England at the present day are

found among the Baptists . Q . Turning to the second division of Baptist literature in

i n fro m , i ts the English language , that produced America 1 8 14 settlement to the year , we meet , at the threshold , a

- fact of deep signiﬁcance . The key note of Baptist literature on American soil is the bugle - blas t of religi o us freedom " The battle that had been waged \ in Old England for tolera

n Ne w FR E E DOM tion , is take up in the World for absolute the of religious opinion , action , and worship ; for complete separation of spi ritual from civil concerns ; for the inviola bility of conscie nce ; for the perfect eq uality of all men b e fore God " The ﬁrst Baptist writer takes u p his p en for

entire freedo m of opi nion . Toleration is not the creed for him ; he denies the right of civil magistracy over the con science i n religious mat ters at all I In him the genius of the m great reformer is united to the eekness , the patience , the m cal courage of the moral hero . The grand truth ﬁrst as s erted by the Apostles before the Jewish rulers was now to be

reasserted , preparatory to its incorporation with the political life of a great nation We ought to obey God rather than ” m n e . God was preparing the way for primitive Christian

i n ity to become a power the land . He was laying the foun dation of a n a tion whose glory was to eclipse that of all

. o t preceding nations In this nati n , religious and civil liber y

i n were to go hand hand with knowledge . T he far- reaching inﬂuence of the principle the n i n co rp o rated i 11to our civil state can even now be but partially est i

mated . A distinguished European scholar and political writer ,

G erv i n u s , in his Introduction to the History of the Nine ” teenth Century , speaking of the Rhode Island colony founded M N 4 06 LITERATURE OF A ERICA BAPTISTS .

: by Roger Williams , says These institutions have not only m aintained themselves , but have spread over the whole Union . They have superseded the aristocratic commencements of

Y - V Carolina and of New ork , the high church party in ir

ginia , the theocracy in Massachusetts , and the monarchy throughout America ; they have given laws to one quarter

of the globe , and , dreaded for their moral inﬂuence , theystand

u in the background of every democratic str ggle in Europe .

Thus , the central idea of the alleged heresies for which Wil

liams was banished from Massachusetts was , in a century

n u and a half afterwards , incorporated into the Co stit tion of S 1 the United tates , and is a part of the unchanging law of

this great nation . A The remarkable testimony of an merican historian , Ban

croft, to the merits of this apostle of freedom , has never been impeached : Roger Williams was the ﬁrst person i n n d d o c moder Christen om to assert , in its p lenitude , the n trine of the liberty of co science , the equality of opinions before the law ; and in its defence he w a s the harbinger of

Milton , the precursor and the superior of Jeremy Taylor . For Taylor limited his toleration to a fe w Christian sects

' s the philanthropy of William comprehends the earth . Whether this principle ever would or could have bee n m triumphantly aintained , or even asserted , by any of the Pedo - Baptist sects is a question for cal m reﬂection the facts

n A have passed into history , that , in E gland and merica , Bap ti s ts alone have been the asserters , the unﬂinching advocates

i n re and martyrs of this glorious principle , which all men

n o joice together . It is , therefore , arrogant claim , that Bap ti s t h i n n principles , as set fort their literature in Engla d and

m n . America , were the seeds of A erica liberty They were

planted by Baptists , watered by their tears and blood , weeded

u v ff out by their nremitting igilance , toils , and su erings , till

they have grown to be a great tree , so that all the birds that

l n wil may lodge i the branches of it .

1 S ee Article I I . Amendments .

M LITERATURE OF A ERICAN BAPTISTS . m l o n ore of the martyr spirit , or ess violence the part of the ruling powers , to become Baptists in profession as well as in belief. l About the midd e of the last century , the Rev . Isaac

Backus commenced his active career of preaching , travelling , h an d literary labor , for whic his memory is so highly revered

. u t m at the present day His p blica ions , which n umber fro

o n thirty to forty , are mostly the vital doctrines of religion ,

- t or in opposition to the soul des roying errors of the day , or historical , or in defence of religious liberty , of which he was ffi a tireless and fearless advocate . His e cient labors and bold v t championship in this cause deser e our lasting grati ude . His life and labors are well commemorated in a beautiful volume d compile by the Rev . Dr . Hovey . The literary remains of that prince of pulpi t orators i n S t m . . 0 11 his day , the Rev Dr illman , are ostly sermons the vital doctrines of Christianity . Rev . Morgan Edwards , a n 1 6 1 ative of Wales , came to this country in 7 , and became

i n the pastor of a church Philadelphia . He published sev

to eral sermons and theological treatises , and Materials wards a History of the B a ptists of Pennsylvania and New ” i n i n 1 2 S S b e Jersey , two volumes , 79 . am uel hepard , a

n o f b o d ' ublished loved physicia soul and y , p several works , some of them i n defence of Baptist principles . Rev . William

‘

D w u . . a s . Rogers , D . , of Philadelphia , a fruitf l writer Rev D . S Richard Furman , D . , of outh Carolina , published ser mons and addresses ; and the eccentric John Leland held the pen of a ready writer .

A . bout the beginning of the present century , the Rev

a D e Thom s Baldwin , D . . , of Boston , commenced his lit rary

b e labors , through which exercised a strong , lasting , and highly salutary public inﬂuence . Rev . Henry Holcombe , D D . . , who divided his ministerial labors between Georgia ,

S h a n d n out Carolina , the city of Philadelphia , wrote exte s i v ely i n defence of the great truths of Chri s tianity . James

D a n Manning , D . . , at earlier period , attained eminence as a LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

preacher , a teacher , a statesman , and author . The Rev . Dr . D r S Ne w Y . . tanford , of ork city , Rev Mercer , of Georgia ,

V . and Rev . A . Broaddus , of irginia , were fruitful authors

. t The highly cultivated and brilliant Rev Jona han Maxcy ,

D c o l D . . , was a popular author , and his literary remains , i nto a le t d b . . n c e y the Rev Dr Elto large octavo volume , have D . S . 1 m a nen t . . a p e value The Rev William taughton , D , contrib u ted to the literature of the cause of which he was so distinguished a pulpit advocate some valuable publications . It appears that all publications during this period in de

o f B fence aptist principles, of a polemic cast , are replies to

- o u t attacks by Pedo Baptists , or were called by challenges

s b to debates , or are rea ons assigned for becoming Baptists , y

d n mm tl n ministers converted from other e o a o s . The books

\Vi htma n by g and Morgan , the four pamphlets by Backus , ’ the . n two brief works by Benjamin Foster , Dr Baldwi s three t pamphlets , all replies to at acks , the reasons given by Daniel

Merrill and Rev . Dr . Chapin for becoming Baptists , and many others , prove this . The ﬁrst periodical publication by the Baptists in the Un ited States was T H E M A S SA CH U S E TT S BA P T i S 'r M 1s s 10 NA n Y

A G Z I E S A N . M The ﬁrst number was issued in eptember , 1 803 , by a committee of The Massachusetts Baptist Mis ” s i on ary - Socie ty, which had been organized in the early part 1 802 t S of . The ﬁrs article was the Constitution of the o “ ciet y , followed by an Address from a Committee of the ”

t . Baptis Churches in Boston B ut two nu mbers , of thirty

a two p ges each , were issued the ﬁrst year , two the second

the a nd a s u year , twelfth l st number of the volume being i s ed 1 1 808 Ja n . . , The , second volume of twelve n umbers was 1 8 10 e e . compl t d in December , The third volume com m e n ce d a 1 8 1 1 m 1 8 13 in M rch , , closing Dece ber , . The m r 1 8 14 1 8 16 fourth co menced Ma ch , , closing December , .

n ew r 1 8 1 0 11 A se ies was commenced in 7 , issued alternate

4 m t i n till ~ the 1 824 on hs , or a volume two years , close of ,

m n fro which period it has been issued mo thly , to the present 52 M N LITERATURE OF A ERICA BAPTISTS .

1 826 time . In , after the removal of the Foreign Mission

n Board to Boston , the magazi e was transferred to the Board

e n of the G neral Conve tion . It continued to be largely o c c u ied p with biographies , literary essays , reviews , letters , h 1 835 & c . t e n poetry , obituaries , , till close of , whe it became ” u a strictly missionary p blication , which it has continued to be to the present time . The second benevolent organization of Baptists n ot only

i n u engaged the promotion of literat re incidentally , like the f irst , but was formed for that special purpose . The Evan ” elic al S i n 13 g Tract ociety was organized Boston , Nov . , 1 1 1 8 . . t , Dr Baldwin President Its objects were ca holic and

t i n liberal , being of no sectarian cast , and are thus set for h “ its constitution : To procure and circulate such religi o us books and tracts as illustrate and defend those great and lead

n ing truths of Christianity , viz . , the depravity of huma na S ture , the divinity and atonement of the aviour , the necessity ’ the o S t the s of H ly piri s inﬂuence to change the heart , plea ures of experimental religion , and the importance of a holy ” S life and conversation . The ociety was originated and w managed holly by Baptists , who thus early m ustered to t i mee the com ng onset of Unitarianism , the distant m utter ings of which were not yet loud enough to arouse the dor

n P u 1 it n is m ma t a of New England . The S alem Bible T i a nsla ti on a nd Foreign Mission S o “ ciet i n 1 8 12 r y was founded , to aid the t anslation of the

S e criptures into the Eastern languages , at the present tim ”

0 11 . going under the superintendence of Dr William Carey .

a n d This organization , too , was both directly indirectly in aid of literature .

O n the 1 8 th 1 8 14 s of May , , delegates from many Bapti t chu rches asse mbled i n the house of the First Baptist Church “ a d M a r C 0 11 in Phil delphia , and foun ed The General ission y v e n tio n o f the Baptist Denomination i n the United S tates o f ” A n o merica for Foreign Missions . This eve t gave a str ng

n o t impulse , only to the missionary cause , but to the literary LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

O spiri t of Baptists . ne of the ﬁrst fruits of this intellectual q uickening was the formation of The Massachusetts Baptist 22d a ff S S . Education ociety , ept of the same year , to ord the means of education to young men of the Baptist denom i n a ti on l , who shal furnish evidence to the churches of which they are members of their personal piety and call to the ” mi nistry . The only institution of liberal learning over which Baptists then exercised any control was Brown University , chartered ’ r in This was about the middle of Dr . Messe s Pres m 1 802 1 826 . ide nc , y , which extended fro to Its spiritual and intellectual pulse beat feebly at this period .

Before entering on the third division of our literature , we must pause and consider the great changes that had taken place during this second period of its development , from the

n 1 8 14 — settlement of the America Colonies down to , the

- transition period to the last half century . This literature was the pedestal reared by our American B a ptist fathers on the

strong fo u n dation laid in England . Its earliest note was

- - the battle cry of soul freedom its closing strain , the anthem of victory . During both these periods , our principles and t our literature were asser ing the right to existence , rather than putting forth their claim to be worthy of all acceptation . Meanwhile they had won a victory which astonished the

d rel world , alarmed crowned heads , isquieted pensioned p ates , disgusted popes and cardinals , scandalized every state

u m a w m u s ch rch in Christendom , and y ell overwhel with

u a s G o d i n t gratef l astonishment , we trace the hand of his o A m st wonderful feature of the great merican Revolution . Who would have expected that the crowning glory of ' Amer l ean Independence w a s to be the incorporation into the life of a mighty nation of the principle for which B a ptists had

r ff a n d 2 so long p ayed , reasoned , pleaded , su ered , bled m When it is borne in ind , that , during most of this period , no man co u ld hold ofﬁ ce in the Massachusetts colony till he

- had partaken of the sacrament in the Puritan churches, that LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

Roger Williams was persecuted , banished , and his life put in

O — the extremest peril , for his pinions , that a man was heavily ﬁned for writing a piece against the laws fo r the support of

religion , and another for reading it , though it was never pub “ lished — 1636 i t , that in was enacted , that , if any Chris

a o r tian shall openly condemn the baptizing of inf nts , shall purposely depart from the congregation at the administration ” of that ordinance , he shall be sentenced to be banished , that an act of disfranchisement was passed against any who

— 164 44 should attend Baptist meetings , that in a law was — made to banish Baptists , that it was enacted that any person absent from wors hip in the Pedo - Baptist churche s ” “ — a n o shall forfeit , for his absence , ﬁve shillings , th t f person shall publicly preach , or be ordained to the of ice of

a teaching elder , when any two organized churches , council

of state , or general court shall declare their dissatisfaction ” e - B th reat , that in six years twenty eight aptists were

d o f imprisone at Bristol , by the constables Rehoboth for ” Y V a S ministerial taxes , that in New ork , irgini , and outh

w a Carolina , laws equally or more severe ere in force gainst

- on e them ; when these well known facts are considered , no l l wil be surprised at the smal amount of Baptist literature ,

but rather that any a t a ll was produced . We are now to behold Baptist principles and literature developing themselves 0 11 a theatre entirely new since the

n Christia era . We are to see how these principles and their e literary outgrowth modify , adapt , produce , and reproduc each

w o w n b other , hen left to their inherent energy , protected y

i n all t law common with o her forms and opinions , but neither

pensioned nor persecuted . Their sturdy growth had already S off snapped asunder every band , as amson threw the Phi ’ m a d listines withes . Though weakened somewhat by that

w S n a ness hich, olomon says , oppressio engenders , B ptists

a r e had won for themselves a f i ﬁeld , free from all imp diments

e but th o se of prej udice and of pride . Their oppr ssors had

i n n fortiﬁed themselves the chief seats of power , of ho or , and LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . learni n g : ﬁz eg/ bore about them some marks of the furrow

- and of the brick kiln .

- At the beginning of the last half century , the last vestige

r o ff of state religious oppression of Baptists was d opping , though civil disabilities continued in some of the States many years later . A transition was now manifesting itself in the m Puritan churches of New England , which led to the ost

u n con important results . They had been ﬁlling up with ff verted men , under the combined e ects of infant baptism , the

- r a half way covenant, lax doctrine, and making the Chu ch step

- ffi pingstone to civil o ce . The inﬂuence of the great awaken

i n t iteﬁeld ings the days of and Edwards had died away , or was reacting i n various forms of fanaticism and formal

o f ism . The utterances the Puritan pulpits were chieﬂy doc r trinal , argumentative , and controversial . The A minianism which had been the dread and the target of many of the

i n old Puritan divines , though comparatively latent their

ha d ho w churches , taken a new form in the Methodist organ iz ati on , which had become bold and aggressive , its advocates dwelling largely on the alleged inconsistencies of the old r Pu itan doctrines , often caricaturing , always opposing them , while a nother schism was manifesting itself i n the opposite

direction . The seeds from which Unitarianism in New England gre w

u were ﬁrst sown by the P ritans themselves . Early in the

present century , the tares began to manifest themselves in

alarming strength and numbers . Funds devised for the h support of Puritan churc es , schools , colleges , and religious

t u enterprises , were diver ed , in large amo nts , to the support

of doctrines the most abhorrent to the spirit of Puritanism . Between the preachi n g of dead orthodoxy and living hetero

n doxy , of dead faith and living reason , the exte sive breaking

up of the old foundations , and the violent controversies that

arose , the power of persecution was lost .

w as O . This , too , a transition period in political pinions a The old Feder listic party , which included the more strictly I L TERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

- c religious and high chur h elements , particularly the Puritan ,

I n . S V was now out of power the tate of irginia , a mighty

- n revol ution of politico religious opinio had taken place , com m en ci n g about the period of the Revolution , by which the dominant episcopacy of the colony had been overthrown , and

n its monopolies take away , while Baptist principles had made

A s rapid progress . a natural consequence , the Baptists of

ff s oliti cs “ that day were largely of the Je er onian school in p , r as thei oppressors were largely of the opposite school . The Puritan preachers declaimed loudly against the War of 1 8 193 :

i s Bapt st preachers preached Christ , prayed for the Pre ident ,

w o n o n and rapidly the public respect and conﬁdence . The

m - Puritans , in common with any Pedo Baptist bodies , were

c o nten tiou s weakened by divisions and ; and many , who nat u rall y looked to them for a spiritual home , found it only among the Baptists . O ther causes combined to make this the era of a new spir it ual and intellectual life to the Baptists of that day . It was the era of voluntary benevolent organization , the beginning of those great religious movements which combined the e n er ies g of the various religious bodies or denominations , for ff the di usion of the Bible , of tracts and books , and for the

- A extension of S unday schools all over the land . merican

Christians of various names , emulating the example of their m brethren in England , had now opened their eyes to the clai s of the heathen . The religious energies of the people were beginning to adj ust themselves to the novel condition of things in a state of absolute freedom .

“ a s n The b pti m of Judso and Rice , after their arrival on

— the heathen ground , the return of latter to this country, his

a nd extensive travels , his powerful persevering labors , the

n — united actio of the then scattered Baptists , the stirring

a r m appe ls which then , for the ﬁrst time , were circulated f o S North to outh , from East to West , the letters of Carey ,

‘ — s S ff of Mar hman , of Fuller , Ryland , utcli e , the polished elo — u en ce ohn q of Hall , the mighty thoughts of J . Foster , gave

A r B 4 16 LITER TURE o AMERICAN APTISTS .

- r r . t thei hearts like a t umpet peal The visi of Mrs . Judson to this country , near the close of this decade , increased

r e i n n g eatly the int rest their Missio , and stirred up much literary discussion . 1 834 The next ten years , to , was a period of more ener

n getic preparatio for increased literary activity . The thrill ’ ing accounts of Judson s imprisonment , the heroic fortitude

ff fa r of his wife , and their fearful su erings , were published a n d w n ide in this country , eve in the secular papers , investing our devoted missionaries with something akin to the glory r of martyrdom . The Memoi of Pearce , by Fuller , was a

ri mi t1v e i beautiful picture of p p ety , united with m inisterial ’ “ ” . i n faithfulness The republication of Pengilly s Guide , 1 825 , indicates that the pen of Baptists in this country had n t not yet bee m uch employed in that departmen .

1 82 An n In the early part of 9 , the Memoir of H . Jud K Rev . . . A n son , by J D nowles , appeared . seco d edition was immediately called for ; it was favorably n oticed and

n generally read , exciting a degree of interest in the Missio

' F w hitherto u nparallelled . e missionary biographies have

. ff been so extensively read , or produced equal e ects . The

heroines of romance paled before the heroine of faith . No American female had stirred such enthusiasm ; her praises

. Almos were on almost every tongue t, for the Christian

"Unitarian] Examiner said of the Mission , judged by that o u r memoir , It is deliberate conviction that the whole enter ” ’

. u d n s prise was uncalled for And after praising Mrs . J s o

f- s a criﬁci n talents , energy , and sel g spirit, as personal traits ,

w e the revie er adds , But we repeat our most serious convi ” r tion that she would bette have remained at home . During this period ; the Baptists of New England turned their attention to the more thoro u gh theological education of

e r . th ir minist y In some of the older portions of the country ,

u it was a transition period from an uneducated , nsalaried min

i s tr r b a dl loca ted illiter y , p eaching in uncouth , y houses and to

o M n u factur a . a ate people , to an impr ved outw rd condition LITER ATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

u m ing villages s pr ung p , draining the population fro the old O O centres . ur young ministers entered these penings , gath r ering ﬂourishing churches . A new class of lite ature was called for , explaining and defending our doctrines , and suited to popular reading . The missionary spirit stimulated the

a desire for ministerial educ tion , as well as for books and

I V eekl n o w periodicals . y religious papers commenced their agency ; the pens of yo u ng writers attempted short ﬂights in their columns ; the fruits of maturer literary and theolog ical culture began to appear . An improved literary taste stimulated the demand and supply . The blade grew vigor o u sl ﬁrs t- y ; some fruits appeared , but the most prominent feature of o u r literature duri n g this period was its promise for the future . 1 84 4 In the ten years preceding , the full corn ripened 1 836 ” more rapidly . In the Christian Review entered on — its career as our leading literary organ . Its periodical issues

- v have added twenty eight large olumes to our literature ,

v m uch of it of permanent alue . Though at this writing it is in a state of syncope , we trust it will soon be revived , to resume its useful career with new vigor .

Many valuable books were issued during this decade , and

the religious weekly press greatly extended its activity , abil i t ﬂ fﬁ y , and in uence . B ut the religious and missionary e ciency of the time was greatly distracted by agitations which had

no small inﬂuence on literary progress . Books , pamphlets ,

periodicals , pulpits , and platforms were largely occupied with

discussions of the relations of our churches , benevolent soci i et es S . , and missionary enterprises , to outhern slavery A

peculiar cast was thus given to the literature of that period .

n 1 8 54 The ext decade , to , was more fruitful of permanent

T he literature , the results of critical study . increase of

our periodical literature , also , was , perhaps , greater during this period than any of the preceding ; its tone more ele v ated m , its circulation far ore general . The close adherence of Baptists in all parts of the country to the New Testamen t 53 LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

had prepared them to be of one mind and one way , in the

- absence of creeds , confessions , rubrics , or prayer books for their guidance ; so that the doctrines a n d discipline O f the

t l i n churches were subs antia ly the same all parts of the land . It was during this period that our church polity becam e d the subject of istinct , special attention . Its essential , radi cal differences from the various ecclesiasticisms which have

u m sprung p fro the persecutions of primitive Christianity , m odiﬁed w as they have ﬂoated do n the stream of time ,

a s n its Divine authority and sacred claims , contai ed in the

' w New Testament , were now brought prominently to vie . Church polity has become a branch of study in our theo

on logical seminaries , and many books church government and discipline have bee n prepared and circulated among the churches . It is now seen , that , although Baptist churches

Of i n are severally independent all ecclesiastical control , yet , d e an octrine and in action , th y are more nearly a unit than y other religiou s order or body in the cou n try . From 1 854 to the present time our literary progress wa s

i n onward ; till the breaking out of the Rebellion , involving us the horrors of a dreadful civil war . This put a stop to book literature in the Rebellious S tates ; and their weekly relig ious papers are nearly all extinguished , the few that survive being so reduced i n size and quality of execution as to be of

L l l1tera r . S little worth In the oya tates , the y standard of the weekly press has been m uch elevated since the commence m d a nd i n u h ent of this deca e , the circulation some cases m c e d S ext nded . In the Bor er tates , the troubles caused by the

i n Rebellion its early stages , and even before ﬁghting com

m enced . , destroyed our weekly papers O ur book and pamphlet literature has felt the shock com

v mon to all publishing interests , yet its itality is as vigorous as ever . Valuable works from Baptist pens are issuing from

i n . various publishing houses , as a time of peace No people are more loyal to the Govern ment than the Baptists of the Loyal S tates no religious body i n the Revolted S tates has E E LITERATUR OF AM RICAN BAPTISTS . 4 19

o n o f fe w a so large a proporti loyal hearts , or so ctive Rebels ,

e n v r e as the B a p tist . The p has its icto ies as w ll as the r r r t o u . swo d , as the his ory of lite ature abundantly shows When our fa thers entered on the work of Fo re ign Mis

s 1 t w a s s ff o e w a r ons , the coun ry u ering the evils of a f r ign

e - r we meet to c lebrate the semi centennial anniversa y , amid the

n o w conﬂicts of civil war . We are to review the progress of ﬁfty years ; to note the development of that form o f

d o ctrine w hich w e have received as the Ch ristianity o f the

Apostolic age , under the light of the nineteenth century , the

the i n warmth of liberty , the protection of civil law , and

spiring motives of the spirit of Missions . We are to see in what directi ons our thoughts have been ﬂowing what we have do n e to stamp those thoughts on the current records of

the times . The spoken words of our fathers have passed away the thoughts which have found place in the enduri n g

e u s literature o f the a g remain to .

L i n iterature m ust be analyzed and classiﬁed , order to esti

B u t h iffi m ate its relative value . this is attended wit d c ul S m ties . ome works belong to one class , some to ore than

one ; their titles are not , in all cases , the indices of their class . A list of titles and of names of authors would give no d eﬁ n ite idea o f our literature ; while a classificatio n according to

merit , or usefulness , or quality of style , is impossible . The same books which some bibliographers would place i n one class would be differently arranged by o thers ; yet we m ust

a nd attempt a classiﬁcation of this literature , however loose

o r O imperfect , liable to critical bjections , it may be . A complete catalogue of the works produced by Baptist

authors in the past ﬁfty years is not attempted . The most we can do is to take a somewhat orderly ramble through our d literary garden , see what has been one by way of laying out

walks , grubbing, blasting , levelling downwards and upwards , m trenching , draining, anuring, planting and transplanting

- t trees , laying out ﬂower beds , putting in seeds , pruning, graf

i n . n in e a n , g, and weeding This garde is three gen r l divisio s , O F E Ago LITERATURE AM RICAN BAPTISTS .

d accor ing to the kind of planting and tillage in each as trees ,

, . O ﬁ vines and annual plants r , to drop the gure , the ﬁ rst

division of our literature is into three departments , according

to outward form , viz . , into Books , Pamphlets , and Period i l on s .

BO OKS . O ur book literature , the most permanent in form , may be i n comprised three general divisions , viz 1 . R e L ligi ous i tera ture.

11. D enomina iona l L i er t t a ture. 11 . Ge L nera l i tera ture.

By following this division we shall see , in the ﬁrst place , what 'Baptist authors of the last ﬁfty years have done in the cause of sacred learning , in explaining and defending the generally received truths of Christianity , how they have preached these truths , how they have honored them in thei r lives , how they have traced out their progress in the world , how much they have added to the common stock of knowl

n ho w edge of foreig countries ; in the second place , they have explained and defended their own peculiar doctrines and

ho w fo practices , their lives have borne witness to their pro s sions , how these doctrines and practices have been treated by hostile powers , how they have triumphed , how they have found utterance in hymns of praise , or in the language of youth , or in church creeds and , in the third place , what Bap tis t scholars and educators have done i n the general cause of critical and classical learning , in the advance of science , of general literature , history , poetry , music , ﬁction , biography ,

- and the making of text books for schools and colleges . This survey includes the whole ﬁeld of modern literature .

1 R i L i era ure. . elig ous t t To this divisio n belong those books w hose object is to promote piety , sound doctrine , religious knowledge , and cor

i n m rect morals , general , or to oppose the grosser and ore LITERATUR E OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

pernicious forms of error . They are in eight classes , as follows 1 D id a c i c O f . t or that class books designed to teach some portion of the leading or generally received truths of l Christianity , without specia reference to denominational dif

r n t thi s fe e ces . The following authors have con ributed to class of literature : “ f . 8 v o . 1 8 1 5 . N . o A DREW BR OADDUS , of Va History the Bible “ ” “ . . 4 v . . WILLIAM COLLIER , Mass Gospel Treasury ols Boston Evan ” geli ca l Instructor .

N . WILLIAM PARKI SON , N Y . A Treatise on the Public Ministry of the ”

1 8 1 8 . Word .

B . PrI miti v e . 1 8 22. HENRY HOLCOM E , Pa Theology “ ’ h . 1 8 29 . JOHN STANFORD , N . Y. The Aged C ristian s Companion

Two editions .

. . 1 8 30. JESSE MERCER , Ga Ten Letters on the Atonement “ "” JAMES LORING , Mass . Am I a Christian “ . a . J . NEWTON BROWN , Pa Encyclop edia of Religious Knowledge “ ” 1 8 53 . 1 8 35 . Obligations of the Sabbath . “ . . C . HOWAR D MALCOM , Mass Bible Dictionary opies sold A “ ” new edition , enlarged , since published . Christian Rule of Marriage . “ ” Extent of the Atonement . “ 8 33 . . 1 i n . JOSEPH S . C . F . FREY . Narrative First published London 5‘ “ Passed through ten editions . Essays On the Passover . 1 8 34 . Joseph and ”

2 . 1 2 . v . . o Benjamin v ls mo A ery popular work Judah and Israel ; or, ” “ ” 1 8 3 7 . o n . The Restoration of Christianity . Lectures Scripture Types 2

v 1 8 4 1 . ols .

. . . 1 84 0. DANIEL HASCALL , N Y Elements of Theology

R . B . C . HOWELL , Tenn . The Way of Salvation . “ ” B B . . 1 8 36 . n ew . RO ERT TURN ULL , Conn The Theatre A edition ”

u . 1 84 1 . The Claims of Jes s Theophany ; or , The Manifestation of God ” ’

. 1 4 . W n w 8 9 e i . in Christ ith a edition , touching Bushnell s theor es The ” - . . 1 5 . World we live in 1 8 51 Christ i n History . 8 3 Life Pictures ’ ” - 1 8 5 7 . from a Pastor s Note Book .

GEORGE W . ANDERSON , N . J . The Way to Christ, and the Walk in ” Christ .

N . . FRANCIS WAYLA D , R I Limitations of Human Responsibility . “ “ . 1 8 53 . 1 8 38 The Apostolic Ministry . Letters on the Ministry of the

63 . Gospel . 1 8

' ’ 1V L L . R. I I A M . S 1 8 55 . WILLIAM , N Y Lectures on the Lord s Prayer . ” . i Republished in England Relig ous Progress . 1 8 50. “ . . o . 1 84 9 . HENRY J RIPLEY , Mass Sacred Rhet ric Hints on the ” Promotion of Piety in the Christian Ministry . “ H E R Y . . . N : . C FISH , N J Primitive Piety Revived a Prize Essay “ 1 2 . 250 . mo pp History and Repository of Pulpit Eloquence , containing all Sketches of Preaching and Preachers in Countries and Times , with the E O F LITERATUR AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ 2 . v . M . 8 o . 1 2 asterpieces of Sacred Oratory vols pp 35 . Pulpit Elo u en c e q of the Nineteenth Century , containing Discourses of Eminent Min ” “ ” . 8 v o . . 8 1 9 . isters pp The Price of Soul Liberty , and who paid it .

Mr . Fish is also the author of several premium essays , and of tracts for the

American Tract Society . “ J . L . DAGG , Ga . Manual of Theology . “ VVI L L I A M . . 1 8 55. HAGUE , Mass Christianity and Statesmanship

Home Life . ’ “ ' B \V . N . u I V orld s RO ERT CUSHMA , Mass A P re Christianity the only ”

. 1 84 5 Hope . “ . O O N . . . v ELIAS L MAG N , Y Republican Christianity Pro erbs for ” the People . “ ” “ . 7 . . 1 8 5 . BAR ON STOW , Mass Christian Brotherhood First Things

KA Z L I T T A R V I NE . a A n e c , Mass Cyclop edia of Moral and Religious ” ' dotes . 8 v o . everal editions have been published in London . ycl o _ S C ”

. 7 p aed ia of Anecdotes of Literature and Fine Arts 1 854 . pp . 25 .

PH A R C E L L U S R . . CHU CH , N Y Religious Dissensions ; their Cause and ” “ : . w Cure a Prize Essay Antioch ; or, The Increase of Moral Po er in the ” “ ” P Of v : . Church . The hilosophy Bene olence a Prize Essay “ OAKMAN S . STEARNS , Mass . The Person and Work of Christ .

Translated from the German . “ ” “ M . D . D u FRANKLIN WILSON , d uties of a Pastor ties of Churches ” to their Pastors . “ . N . a t . WILLIAM C DUNCA Life , Char cter , and Ac s of John the Baptist ” “ ” The Tears of Jesus . Pulpit Gift Book . “ B . . . 1 8 38 . RUFUS BA COCK , N Y Tales of Truth for the Young The ’ ”

9 . Emigrant s Mother . 1 8 5 “ M . R . M . JERE IAH B JETE , Va The Christian irror Business and ” Devotion . “ ” “ . . . VVom DANIEL C EDDY , Mass Lectures to Young Men Young ’ “ an s Friend . Heroines of the Missionary Enterprise . Republished in “ ” England and Holland . Angel Whispers . A volume of sermons of con

solation . “ M . . . G J . A OODHUE , ass The Crucible ; or , Tests of a Regenerate Life ” “ ’ “ - WILLIAM W . EVE RTS , N . Y . Bible Manual . Pastor s Hand Book . ” “ ” - - The Bible Prayer Book . Scripture School Reader . “ M . R . TORREY , Mass . Premature Church Membership . “ WILLIAM C . BUCK , Ky . The Philosophy of Religion . “ CORNELIUS TYREE , Va . The Living Epistle . “ E . F . WINKLER , S . C . The Spirit of Missions .

- . L tt r M . e e s JUSTUS A S ITH , Ill to a Bible Class , on the Canon of Scrip

ture and its Inspiration .

B . . . . A RAHAM II GRANGER , R I The Voice of Christ in the Storm

2 i ca l a nd Ez e eti c l i ncludi n T ra ns la ions . . Cri a t g , g t The labors of American Baptists in this department of general religious literature have mostly bee n of recent date ; but if

ﬁrs t- the fruits are the earnest of the harvest , and samples

E N LITERATUR OF AMERICA BAPTISTS .

3 o emi ca . P l l or books designed to defend the doctrines

t o held in common by Evangelical or Protestant bodies , or

confute errors . To this class belong

“ ” ELISHA ANDREWS . The Moral Tendency of Universalism . Review “ of \V i n c hester. Dialogues on Universalism .

N . m . JOH TRIPP , Me A volu e against Universalism “ ’ R v . w HOSEA HOLCOM B E . A Refutation of the e Joshua La rence s Pa ” - tri otic . 1 8 3 6 Discourse ; or , Anti Mission Principles Exposed . M DAVID PEASE . The Good Man in Bad Company ; or , asonry a Dan

8 v o . 1 8 30. gerons Combination . “ JOHN DOWLING , N . Y . An Exposition of the Prophecies supposed by ” “ 0. William Miller to predict the Second Coming O f Christ . 1 8 4 A Defence m of the Protestant Scriptures fro the Attacks of Popish Apologists . 1 84 3 . “ th e History of Romanism , from Earliest Corruptions of Christianity to the ”

1 84 5 . 8 v o . . Present Time . pp copies sold in less than ten

years . “ M . RICHARD FULLER , d Correspondence with Bishop England con

1 2 . . cerning the Roman Chancery . mo Correspondence with Dr VV ay ” “ land on Slavery . Letters . “ N . JOH RUSSELL . The Serpent Unveiled A powerful work against

Universalism .

WILSON C . RIDER , Me . A volume of lectures on Universalism .

REUNE R . CO O N . A volume against Universalism . ”

. 1 2 . R . J . B . JETE , Va Campbellism Examined mo

HIRAM PARKER . The Harmony of Ages .

4 : H is tori ca l. To this class the following authors have contributed

. 1 8 24 . . . H DAVID BENEDICT , R I istory of all Religions “ D . v A NN . U S O N H J , Burmah Narrati e of Missions to the Burmese Em ” 1 8 23 pire . . “ I n BARON STOW , Mass . A History of the English Baptist Missions in ” - 252. 1 8 35. a . dia . pp . For American Sund y School Union ”

2 . 4 . JOHN O . CHOULES , R . I . History of Missions . vols to Third ’ “ t i u s 0. c O o . 1 8 4 edition Edited Neal s History of the Puritans , wi h p notes ; Forster ’ s Lives of the Statesmen of the Commonwealth Hinton ’ s United ”

2 . States , vols “ J O S E P I I BA N V A R D Mass . Plymouth and the Pilgrims . Novelties ” ” “ of the Ne w 1Vorld . Romance of American History . Tragic Scenes ” “ ' ” “ I V hims . th e y o f . in Histor Maryland Wisdom , Wit, and Story “ ” “ I V o n d ers &c . SI C . Truths . Habits of Birds . of the Deep ,

f the . M R S . . . . . O H C CONANT , N Y Popular History English Bible “ ” 4 60. . a s 1 8 56 . pp . The New England Theocracy Tr n lated from the

German of U hd c n . ’

. . U n d erhill s SEWALL S . CUTTING , N Y Struggles and Triumphs of ”

1 2 . . Religious Liberty . mo Edited A LITER TURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

n . : WILLIAM DEAN , Ba gkok , Siam The China Mission embracing a M ” History of the various issions of all Denominations among the Chinese . “ ” f . N . . JOHN DOWLI G , N Y The Judson O fering

5 o ra /i ica l. . B i g p The lives of useful and eminent Chris d n . tia s , intende to illustrate the excellence of religion

“ ’ . . . . 234 . 1 8 29 JAMES D . KNOWLES , Mass Memoir of Mrs Judson pp .

W . 1 8 34 . . Memoir of Roger illiams , the Founder of Rhode Island pp

4 3 7 .

L . . D . W. PHI LIPS , Mass Memoir of Christmas Evans “ ROMEO ELTON , R . I . Memoir of President Maxcy . With a collection ”

S Of . of his literary remains . Biographical ketch Roger Williams Pub ’ lishe d . h Ce i o us in London Edited Callender s Century Sermon , wit p Notes

and Biographical Sketches . “ E . . 1 8 50. . 4 8 6 . B . S ARS , Mass Life of Martin Luther pp

. . v . FRANCIS WAYLAND , R I Memoir of the Life and Labors of the Re “ 1 853. 2 . . 1 060. . Adoniram Judson , D . D . vols pp Life of Dr Chal ”

1 8 64 . mers .

M R S . . U D S ON . . . EMILY C J , Burmah Memoir of Sarah B Judson ” The Ka t hay a n Slave .

I E . f . AH CHASE , Mass Li e of John Bunyan “ G . F . DAVIS , Conn . Memoir of Abigail L . Davis . ”

. . . 4 GURDON RO B INS Life of James H Linsley 1 8 5.

f . . 1 5 . . . O 8 1 336 J . CLEMENT , Ill Memoir A Judson pp “ ” . W. . . J . B . JETER , Va Memoir of Abner Clopton Memoir of Mrs ” H A n enrietta Shuck , the ﬁrst Female Missionary in China . Memoir of

drew Broaddus . “ A . C . KENDRICK , N . Y . Life of Mrs . Emily C . Judson . f . 1 8 59 . . 364 . A . HOVEY , Mass Li e and Times of Isaac Backus . pp ” DANIEL C . EDDY , Mass . The Burman Apostle .

. s . LUCIUS E SMITH , Ma s Heroes and Martyrs of the Modern Missionary

Enterprise . “ Life of Spencer H . Cone , by his Sons .

. u . Life of Bela B Jacobs , by his Da ghter

B . . RO ERT FLEMING , N C Life of Humphrey Posey

. h . . . 8 4 t 1 9 . S F SMITH , Mass Life of Josep Graf on “ HOWAR D MALCOM , Mass . Life of Lydia H . Malcom . “ B . . 1 . REU EN A GUILD , R Life , Times , and Correspondence of James ”

t . . 500. 1 8 64 . Manning , and the Early History of Brown Universi y pp “ JOHN GADS BY . Memoirs of the Principal Hymn Writers and Com ” posers of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth C enturies .

. a n d JOSEPH BELCHER , Pa Hymns Hymn Writers .

. . . . 1 864 . H B HACKETT , Mass Christian Memorials of the War “ B . . RO ERT B SEMPLE , Va Memoir of Elder Straughan . ”

. DANIEL CHESSMAN Memoir of Thomas Baldwin . “ . . . D . CHARLES G SOMMERS Memoir of John Stanford , D , including

D . . . D . Memoirs of Thomas Baldwin , D , of Richard Furman , D , and of John ”

. 1 8 36 . Williams , D . D O F 4 26 LITERATURE AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ O Z . . AL N O KING Memoir of George Dana Boardman 1 8 39 . “ . . . 1 8 34 . SAMUEL W LYND , O Memoir of William Staughton ” “ . . . 1 84 1 . JAMES B TAYLOR , Va Memoir of Luther Rice Lives of ”

. 2 v . 1 000. Virginia Baptist Ministers ols pp . “ “ . . R . 1 84 4 . C D MALLO Y , Ga Memoir of Jesse Mercer . Memoir of

w B 24 . 1 8 3 . Ed ard otsford x pp . 0 2

. . . . R v . . e D . 1 84 4 . A D GILLETTE , D C Memoir of aniel H Gillette “ ” B . . . . 300 0 . 1 8 3 . RUFUS BA COCK , N Y Memoir of Andrew Fuller pp ’

4 . Memoir of J . M . Peck . 1 8 6 Twelve biographical papers in Sprague s ”

m . Annals , aking ﬁfty pages

J . M . PECK , Ill . Life of Father Clark . “ JEREMIAH ASHER . An Autobiography . 8 v o . “ ” . w . BARON STOW , Mass Life of Harriet Do e “ . . . . 1 8 4 8 . ORRIN B JUDD , N Y Memoir of Willard Judd

. . of . . . 1 84 8 . ANNE T DRINKWATER Memoir , Mrs Deborah H Porter “ ” H . . . . 1 8 52 HARVEY , N Y Memoir of Alfred Bennett .

MR . . . . . S R B MEDB URY Memoir of William G Crocker . “ M . . . . 1 8 60 RICHARD NOTT , N Y Memoir of Abner Kingman Nott ’

. . S M I T I I . S F , Mass Two biographical papers in Sprague s Annals .

6 me ermon . . Volu s of S s This list is probably very in

O n complete . f the mi isters who have published volumes of

n sermo s , are

v . R WILLIAM PARKINSON , two olumes GEO GE LEONARD , one volume ,

. . a v f w posthumous WILLIAM T BRANTLY, ery orcible and polished riter ,

. v . I V . two volumes FRANCIS WAYLAND , three olumes RUFUS GRIS

. . . O v . R WOLD , one volume C W H DGES , one olume RICHARD FULLE , one

volume .

T e . 7. ra v ls for religious or missionary purposes

“ . . 2 O M v v . HOWARD MALC M , ass Tra els in Southeastern Asia ols

1 8 39 . “ a T . J . BOWEN . Adventures and Missionary Labors in Sever l Countries O f 1 84 9 Central Africa , from to ”

W. . . . . GEORGE SAMSON , D C Goshen and the Holy Land The East “ f . . G O S . D . PHELPS , Conn Holy Land , with limpses Europe and Egypt ’ ”

7 . 1 8 6 . . 4 0 . A Year s Tour . 3 pp Four editions issued “ i the . . . n y D A RANDALL The Handwriting of God Eg pt , Sinai , and Holy Land : the Record of a Journey from the Great Valley of the West ”

764 . 8 v 6 2. . o . to the Sacred Places of the East . 1 8 pp w DANIEL C . EDDY, Mass . Europa ; or , Travels in England , France , S it “ " ﬁ v z erla n d 1 8 5 1 . e , and Italy , in Also , The Percy Family , in volumes , ” ” “ ” v . e iz , Ir land , Scotland and England , Paris and Amsterdam , The ” ” l ’ a n d e . l V a tcrs Baltic V suvius , The Alps and the Rhine Also , Tour ” ” f ” “ i n . a in the East, six volumes , viz , W lter in Egypt , alter Jerusalem , ” ” “f i n alter in Samaria , Walter Damascus , Walter in Constantinople , ” Walter in Athens . LITER ATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

8 R el i ous B oo/es Ecli teel. . Genera l ig i ’ " ‘ ’ HOWARD MALCOM has e d ited Kemp i s s I mita ti on of Christ ; Law s ” ’ “ ” ’ Serious Call ; Ke a ch s Travels of True Godlin ess ; Henry s Gommu ” ’ ’ “ i n t n n . n ca s Companion Butler s A alogy , with introduction and otes v ’ W J . N . BROWN has edited eleven olumes of Bunyan s orks , and many

. others . He has also been editor of seven or eight periodicals ’ ’ ” “ J . O . CHOULES edited James s Church Member s Guide ; The Bible and Closet ; and other works .

1 a o a l L i era ure. 1. D enomin ti n t t To this division belong those books whose apparent object

is not only to explain , advocate , and defend Christianity in h general , but whic give special attention to the principles

and practices of the Baptists . The following classes of books

r v i z will be found unde this head ,

1 d c i c d . D i a t ; or books esigned to teach , explain , and com i r mend their pr nciples . The autho s of this class are

Ga . . 1 8 20. JESSE MERCER , Prerequisites to Ordination Scripture

1 . ff Meaning of Ordination . 8 30 Resemblances and Di erences between ” 1 8 33 “ ’ Church Au thority and that of Association . . An Essay on the Lord s

1 8 33 . Supper . “ ANDREW BROADDUS , Va . A Treatise on Church Discipline . ’

CR O W E L L I I l. WILLIAM , The Church Member s Manual of Ecclesias ” “ 1 84 7 . . 27 2. tical Principles , Doctrine , and Discipline . pp The Church ’ Member s Hand - Book : a Guide to the Doctrines and Practices of Baptist

. 1 4 4 . Churches 1 8 4 9 . pp . “ . . u . WARHAM WALKER , N Y Ch rch Discipline

E Z . v v . EL A AR SAVAGE Church Discipline , Formati e and Correcti e ” J . L . REYNOLDS . Treatise on Church Order . ’

. o f m . JOSEPH BELCHER , Pa Baptisms the New Testa ent “ THOMAS F . CURTIS , Pa . Communion . The Progress of Baptist ” Principles in the last Hundred Years . “ ” “ R B . C . HOWELL . The Deaconship . Terms of Communion at th e ’ ” Lord s Table .

. . 1 8 38 . WILSON JEWELL , Pa Baptism ; or, The Little Inquirer ” SAMUEL W . LYND . Baptism a Divine Institution . ”

. . . : b t . P H MELL Baptism its Mode and S ii j ec s 1 8 54 .

I . m : . 1 84 9 . R CHARD FULLE R , Md Baptis and Communion an Argument ” T . L . DAVIDSON . Baptism and Conversion . “ N . M . CRA WFORD . The Baptism of Jesus : its Fulfilment of Righteous n ess . 1 8 55. “ . 1 . No FRANCIS WAYLAND , R tes on the Principles and Practices of ”

. 1 8 5 7 . . 33 Baptist Churches pp 6 .

. . . . 1 8 5 . . 8 . . 3 1 2 8 v o J L DAGG , Ga Church Order pp LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ E . EDMUND TURN Y Baptism , in the Import and Explicitness of the ” Command . ' I V I L L I A M . . C DUNCAN Symbolic Rite of Baptism .

DUDLEY C . HAYNES , N . Y . The Baptist Denomination .

. HI S N CO X . . . 1 859 . EDWARD T , Y The Baptist Church Directory “ . . m MINOR G CLARKE , Pa Christian Baptis and the Christian Com ”

. . 1 4 0 munion pp . “ B R . . AL E T N ARNOLD Prerequisites to Communion ; or, The Scriptural ’ ” Terms of Admission to the Lord s Supper . 2 . H i s orica l. t Among the authors of books of this class ,

i n t written the special interest of the Bap ist body , the vener able D A V I D B EN E D I C T began his labors before the com

m en cem en t - of the half century, and still continues among us . His works are

“ . 1 8 3. A History of the Baptists I n two volumes . 1 An Abridgment

1 8 20 i n . a of the same in , one volume General History of the B ptist De ”

i . v . . . i n n 8 o 9 9 0 1 8 4 8 . nomination America , and all Parts of the World pp “ . . 1 8 58 . 4 60. Fifty Years among the Baptists Historical and didactic pp .

1 8 1 0. RO BERT B . SEMPLE . History of the Virginia Baptists .

L L E T E . k WV I I A M FR I O History of the Ketoc ton Baptist Association . — . 1 765 1 79 8 1 8 30. Warren Association Compendium of Minutes , “ RICHARD FURMAN . History of the Charleston Association . “ . 8 . JESSE MERCER . History of the Georgia Baptist Association pp 4 1

1 8 36 .

HORATIO G . JON ES . Histo ry of the Philadelphia Baptist Association .

1 8 23. “ “ 1 8 32. 1 8 34 . Baptist Annual Register , Baptist Triennial Register ,

The American Baptist Almanac , by the Baptist Publication Society , annu “ ” A . 1 8 4 3 . ally . History of the Philadelphia Baptist Association “ S . WRIGHT . History of the Shaftsbury Association .

B . N N . Z . E ENE ER E CUMMI GS , Y Annals of the New Hampshire Bap ”

1 8 35. f ists . “ 1 8 4 0. ISAAC MCCOY . History of the Indian Baptist Missions . “ . 1 8 4 0. HOSEA HOLCOMBE . History of the Alabama Baptists “ the s . HENRY JACKSON, Account of Churches in Rhode I land “ 7 . . 350. 1 8 5 . W . C . DUNCAN . History of the Early Baptists pp “ WILLIAM GAMMELL . History of American Baptist Missions . pp .

350. 1 8 4 9 . “ A M . \V I L I . I HAGUE The Baptist Church transplanted from the Old to ”

1 84 6 . the New World .

J O I I N PECK . History of the New York Baptist Missionary Convention .

1 8 3 7 . “ th e . . J . NEWTON BROWN . History of Baptist Publication Society pp “ 8 56 . 300. 1 Descriptive Catalogue of the American Baptist Publication “ 350. 1 8 6 1 . n Society . pp . Introductio to the History of Baptist Mar ” “ ” 300. 1 8 53. tyrs . Life and Times of Simon Menno . pp . A LITER TURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . 4 29

R “ F EDERICK DENNISON . Historical Notes of the Baptists and their ” 7 Principles . 1 8 5 . “ SEWALL S . CUTTING . Historical Vindications ; or , The Province and

Uses of Baptist History .

. . . . u A D GILLETTE , D C History of the Eleventh Baptist Ch rch , Phil adelphia . 1 8 4 2. “ . . 1 8 4 5 JOSHUA MILLETT , Me History of the Baptists in Maine . ” A . R . BELDEN , N . Y . History of the Cayuga Baptist Association . pp .

21 1 . 1 8 51 . “ . . P R E E . . U O Y . 1 8 59 . G W , N Y History of the Sandy Creek Association ”

B . u . 5 JACO DRAKE History of the Columb s Baptist Association 1 8 9 . “ ” . . . . 1 4 7 JESSE H CAMPB ELL Baptists of Georgia pp 28 8 . 8 “ D A V I S M a ss . r i ISAAC , Histo ical Discourse on the Fiftieth Ann versary

. 9 r s 1 8 62. of the Fi st Baptist Church in Worcester , Mas , Dec , ’

. 1 25. History of the New London Baptist Association pp . Author s name unknown to me .

3 . P olemi c . Works designed to refute doctrines held by religious bodies not regarded as holding the most deadly or d r angerous errors , and to establish some po tions of doctrine : held by Baptists . The authors of this class are

SAMUEL W I L c o x . Scripture Manual : a Plain Representation of the

2 . . 1 8 1 8 Order of Baptism 1 mo . f . . R . 8 1 1 8 . DANIEL HASCALL , N Y De initions of apto and Baptizo ’ ” THOMAS BALDWIN , Mass . Essay on John s Baptism . Church Com ” munion Examined . “ G . FOOTE . Brief Examination of the Mode and Subjects of Baptism .

1 8 30. “ i . . . 84 1 0. ISAAC T HINTON , La H story of Infant Baptism “ ” . 1 836 . WILLIAM HAGUE Eight Views of Baptism . ’ ”

. u . J . RICHARDS Convert s G ide to Baptism

L S EY . . 1 8 4 0. J . J . VV O O Baptism “ H S K EN . . 4 C . H . O Infant Baptism 1 8 3 . “ R . B . C . HOWELL . Evils of Infant Baptism .

U . . 1 EDM ND TURNEY Scriptural Law of Baptism 850.

GEORGE W . ANDERSON . Vindication of Baptists . ” “ . SAMUEL HENDERSON A Discourse of Methodist Episcopacy . A ” Debate . “ . . . 1 8 J . T SMITH Infant Baptism 50.

. T . G . JONES A Vindication of the Baptists . 1 8 60. “ . . . t M A C DAYTON Bap ist Facts against ethodist Fictions . 1 859 . 4 . A olo e i c p g t works being replies to assailants , supposed to misunderstand and misrepresent Baptist doctrines an d

practices . The distinction between this and the preceding

u class is very clear , tho gh it may not be easy to determine , M LITERATURE OF A ERICAN BAPTISTS .

e r in all cas s , to which class a particula book belongs ; for / 0 11 the d efen S i v e writers who commence , sometimes change

to assailants before they end . Thus , Dr . Baldwin published

r s e replies to the attacks of Pete Edward , and l tters in which the di s tinguishing sentiments of the Baptists are explained

v n . and i dicated , in answer to a later publication by the Rev

S S O s amu el Worcester . Eli ha Andrews published a vin dica tion of the distingui s hing sentiments of the Baptists r Ed against the writings of Mess s . Coombs , Miller , and K r wards , and a reply to James Bickersteth ; Clark end ick , ” a Pl in Dealing with Pedobaptists , being a reply to attacks

on the Baptist principle of communion . h y i n The writers of t is class are ver n umerous , especially reply to attacks o n the established order of the Baptist ’ A e m L churches in merica , in r gard to co munion at the ord s h table . This has been c osen as the main point of assault

- L by Pedo Baptist writers , of all their various sects . ittle more can be done here than to give a list of the names of

writers , without distinguishing between books and pamphlets . Among those who have written in defence of the Baptist principle ’ : respecting the Lord s Supper are THOMAS BALDWIN , JESSE MERCER ,

DANIEL SHARP , SPENCER H . CONE , ANDREW BROADDUS , DANIEL BA R N A . . s . MERRILL , GUSTAVUS F DAVIS , HENRY J RIPLEY , SEARS , J

. B B . B . TAYLOR , THOMAS F CUR TIS , JACO KNAPP, AL ERT N ARNOLD ,

. I V A L L E R Y WILLIAM CROWELL , H . HARVEY , JOHN L , ALVAH HOVE ,

I V I L I . A R D . . Z . , , C . H PENDLETON , M V KIT MILLER JUDD JAMES PYPER ,

» . . G . . N J . M . C . BREAKER , M CLARKE , and J WHEATO SMITH Among apologetic w f'i ters in reply to attacks on baptism may be mentioned “ v r I I O L C O M B E DANIEL MERRILL , in reply to arious w iters ; HOSEA , Reply ” “ ’ e 1 8 32 E H . to F . Em ry , ; I AH CHASE , on articles in Robinson s Lexicon ” ’ t 1 8 33 RI P I . E Y S a , , J . Reply to Stu r on Baptism ADONIRAM JUDSON two

1 8 36 . sermons ; WILLARD JUDD , Review of Stuart, ; A BRONSON , Reply ” “ T I I 1 84 9 1 8 35 . . S M I , , ; to Fowler , ; J T Reply to Peters WILLIAM HAG UE , “ F L . . O U Reply to Cooke and Towne T G J NES , Vindication ; RICHARD “ N “ LER JOHN BATES , A Defence of Baptists ; JOH DOWLING , A Vin

tion 1 8 38 . d ic a of the Baptists ,

5 Re ra c i ons . t t of the tenets and practices of other sects

form another class of Baptist literature . A very large pro portion of our ministers are converts from various Pedo - Bap

LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

. Con essi ons o Fa 9 f f i t/z . In this branch of literature A merican Baptists have done very little indeed . E a ch

e church , being ind pendent , adopts articles of its own framing,

s or those of any other church , or none at all , at plea ure .

S i n ome of the oldest and most stable churches America , as

n o O the First Church in Providence , have articles . f the “ Confessions of Faith most i n use are the Philadelphia

Confession of Faith , so called , printed by Benjamin Frank 1 4 3 N w lin in 7 , with many subsequent editions , an d The e ” Hampshire Confession of Faith , which is more extensively

used than any other . But , evidently , no reliance is placed on

any creed , except the New Testament , to preserve sameness

in doctrine and church order .

111 . Genera L l i tera ture.

Works of science , general history , and biography , the

- arts , poetry , ﬁction , and elegant letters , also text books , and

- d school books , are arranged un er this head . Their aim is ,

n rather to discipline the intellect , cultivate the understa ding , stimulate the conscience , improve the taste , purify social life ,

o a d vo promote loyalty , patriotism , and philanthr py , than to cate any particular religious doctrine or duty . Books of this nature may be classed thus

1 d C A u C a si ca a n ri i ca . . l s l t l ; including translation s thors who have contri buted to this class are

. . H WILLIAM STAUGHTON An edition of Virgil , with Notes e also pre

a . . n pared Greek Lexicon , which was printed only in part Dr Staughto was , perhaps , the most popular pulpit orator of his day , in this country , and

n though an ele g a t scholar, yet his many public engagements prevented him from doing much in classical and critical labors . “ BARNAS SEARS . A Grammar of the German Language , being a trans ”

No ehd e n . lation from , with Additions from other German Authors Select

Treatises of Martin Luther , in the Original German , with Philological Notes , ” “ and an Essay on the German and English Etymology . The Ciceronian ;

a . or , The Prussian Method of Teaching the Latin Langu ge

HORATIO B . HACKETT . Plutarch on the Delay of the Deity in the Pun ” 84 4 . . 1 7 1 . i shmen t . G . 1 of the Wicked reek text , with a body of notes pp

’ i n 1 8 64 . . v The same revised , Dr Hackett s labors ha e been chieﬂy the crit

ical department of Biblical and General Religious Literature . LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ JAMES T . CHAMPLIN . The Greek Oration of Demosthenes on the ” “ ’ K hn rs . ii e Crown , with Notes , and a Chronological Table Latin Gram ” mar , with Exercises , translated and remodelled . A Short , Comprehensive for i for C01 Greek Grammar, with Materials Oral Exerc ses , Schools and

leges .

J . S . C . F . FREY . Biblica Hebraica . A Hebrew Grammar in the ” “ 1 8 39 . w , had reached ten editions in A Hebre English Languag e "which ” “ ’ and English Lexicon . Hebrew Reader . Hebrew Student s Pocket

Companion . “ ASAHEL C . KENDRICK . Introduction to the Study of the Greek Lan ” ” m . d l . guage . Greek Ol endorf a Progressive Greek Gram ar Dr Ken rick

has also contributed many critical articles , in aid of classical learning , to v arious Reviews .

N ri v . Of JOHN L . LIN COL . A c tical edition of Li y A critical edition

I I ora ce . “ ’ i n . ALBERT HARKNE SS . Edited Arnold s First Book Latin ”

i . Second Book in Latin . A Lat n Grammar “ i n . JAMES R . BOISE . Exercises Greek Prose Composition “ O . PR F . J . F . RICHARDSON . A Treatise on Roman Orthoepy

o . WILLIAM J . KNAPP . French Grammar and Chrest mathy

- S . F . SMITH translated from the German Conversations Lexicon articles ” a amount ing to about one entire volume of the Encyclop edia Americana .

2 S o S cience. . Works n ome of these are in the form

- i n c of separate treatises , or text books , others periodi als , or A a . cyclop edias , or compilations mong the earliest laborers in the department of science was

. i n 1 8 28 . DANIEL H BARNES , who died , deeply lamented Of him an

eminent naturalist , quoted and indorsed by the Hon . Gulian C . Verplanck , says

The reputation of Mr . Barnes as a naturalist will be immovably estab

lished u pon his Memoir on the shells of his country . The introductory oh serv a tio n s , applicable to the whole study of conchology , are marked by that

precision , clearness , and lucid order for which he was remarkable . He de

scribed above twenty new species ; and , a short time before his death , he received a flattering proof of the estimation in which his labors w ere held by

the learned in Europe . The great and Splendid work of Humboldt on Mexico r contains beautiful plates and descriptions of the science just refer ed to . The o Farn a ssa c i n ﬁrst zo logical critic of Europe , "the Baron de ,) commenting ha s upon this work , points out many errors into which the author fallen , ‘ ’ ‘ v n ot errors , he obser es , which had arisen from his having consulted the ’ works of American naturalists , and especially the labors of Mr . Barnes .

. v . As a naturalist , Mr Barnes had ery peculiar qualiﬁcations Familiar hi s with the learned and several modern languages , he was enabled to pursue l investigations beyond the narrow imits of his O w n . His inquiries were con

d iﬁi d en c e ducted with a caution , a patience , and a modest , which cannot be ” ” . s . c too much imitated Indeed , add Mr Verplan k , he sustained himself 55 N LITERATURE OF AMERICA BAPTISTS .

d e h in every department of uty , in a mann r wort y of a gentleman , a scholar, ” a . Christian , and a minister of the Gospel

Mr . Barnes contributed several valuable papers , illustrated by explanatory “ ’ ” “ S illim a n s v . n plates on conchology , to Journal , iz , Geological Sectio h — t e v . 8 21 of Canaan Mountain , Memoir on the Genera Unio and “ A l sm d 7— 7 —8 a o o n ta f . 1 0 1 2 258 2 0 , with numerous igures , vi , ; Five Species ” — “ v . 6 9 7 2 of Chiton , with ﬁgures , ii ; Memoir on Batrachian Animals and ” — — “ . 269 29 7 . 66 70 Doubtful Reptiles , xi , xiii ; O n Magnetic Polarity , — “ ” — . 70 7 3 . 358 364 . . xiii ; Reclamation of Unios , xiii Mr Barnes was an eminent teacher , and much beloved as a minister . He also rendered very “ important aid to Dr . Webster , in preparing his Dictionary of the English ” Language .

. u u s JAMES H LINSLEY , a kindred spirit , of an active , inquiring , ca tio , e exact mind , a zealous Baptist , an arnest preacher, devoted much of his ener

s . gies to natural science , being laid aside by disea e from preaching the Gospel He Z oOlo prepared a series of papers on the gy of Connecticut, for the Yale “ Natural History Society , published in the American Journal of Science and ”

. e Art Then followed Catalogues of the Birds , the R ptiles , the Fishes , ’ i n S illima n s and the Shells of Connecticut , published Journal during the

1 8 4 2 1 84 3 1 8 4 4 1 84 5 . years , , , and l “ . : The Re v Dr . Phe ps says of him He as certained more species of birds i n Connecticut than Wilson found in the United States ; more of mammalia than had been found elsewhere in New England ; and of shells , more than ” double the n umber supposed to be resident there .

U . O D . D . s AUG STUS A G UL , M , Physician to the Ma sachusetts General H ospital , an accomplished naturalist, has contributed the following works i “ of Genera Shells , translated from Lamarck A System of Natural His t ” ’ “ ” ory , from Gall s Works ; The Invertebrata of Massachusetts ; Prin ’ “ ci les Z o p of o logy , in connection with Agassiz ; Mollusca and Shells of l ” “ th e United States Exploring Expedition under Captain “ ilk es ; Land M 3 ollusca of the United States , volumes ; Mollusca of the North Paciﬁc

. m Expedition Dr . Gould is a member of ost of the American , and has been n made an honorary member of many foreign societies , for the study of atural history . “ . D . N . S H U R T L E P P D ATHANIEL B , M , has prepared A ecimal System “ for the Arrangement of Libraries ; and A Perpetual Calendar for the ” Old and New Styles . ”

. P0 FRANCIS I V A Y L A N D . Elements of Moral Science Elements of ” “ ” li tic al Economy . Intellectual Philosophy . “ 11 AL E XIS CASWELL . Lectures O Astronomy before the Smithsonian ” “ Institute . Address before the American Association for the Advancement

O f Science . “ D . . JOHN L . A G G Elements of Moral Science ” “ . o f JUSTIN R . LOOMIS . Elements of Geology Elements Anatomy , ”

y H um a n . Ph siology , and Hygiene of the System “ t th . A e D . . J MACGOWAN work on Chinese Horology , in Repor of ” “ h U t t . L a w i n . nited S ates Commissioner of Pa ents of Storms , C inese

The latte r had circulation also in J a pan .

- J . CI I A M P L I N . s AMES T Text Book in Intellectual Philosophy , for School LITE RATURE O F AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

n d , a Colleges , containing an Outline of the Science with an Abstract of its ” ’ . , History . Bishop Butler s Analogy and Discourses Edited with an l P lA n a y sis . First rinciples of Ethics , as a Basis for Instruction in Ethical

. Science , for Schools and Colleges

l . GEORGE I . CHAC E . Divine Providence , as related to Physica Laws Prof Chace is also the au thor of several articles on scientiﬁ c and phi losoph i c al topics in the leading Reviews . “ “ i n GROVER S . COMSTOCK . Notes on America , the Journal of the

Orienta l Society . “ . LARKIN B . COLES . A Treatise on Physiology

3 enera l Hi s or . S . G t y ome contributions have been l L m ade to this class of Gen era iterature .

. A . A . ROSS . The Civil and Religious History of Rhode Island “ ” . JOHN M . PECK . Western Annals Guide to Emigrants “ . NATHANIEL B . SHURTLEFF . Records of the Massachusetts Bay ” m . Edited Passengers in the Mayﬂower . Re arks on the Census ” “ i a Records of the Colony of New Plymouth . Memor al of the Inaugur ” tion of the Statue of Franklin . “ 2 . SAMUEL G . ARNOLD . History of Rhode Island , in volumes ”

i . GEORGE P . PUTNAM . Amer can Facts “ AUSTIN J . COOLIDGE . History and Description of New England . “ ” i Of . REUBEN A . GUILD . Histor cal Sketch Brown University “ B . W . WHIDDEN . The Religion of China .

4 o i e L i era ure . . P l t t t ; including literary works edited The most proliﬁc laborer in the department of elegant let ters was the late h R E V . . . . e t e RUFUS W GRISWOLD , D D He divided his time b tween a g s labors of the ministry and the literary man gement of several ma azine , “ ” “ ” “ a w mong hich were The New Yorker , Brother Jonathan , The New ” ’ ”

&e . &e . a World , For two years he was the editor of Gr ham s Magazine , “ ” and for about the same period of the International Magazine , the plan of ’ w hich was projected by himself. Dr . Griswold s literary labors were very ex

u . tensive , and he was a voluminous a thor Some of his works belong to other “ ” s s . cla es of literature He achieved an amount of labor , says his literary “ t a . critic , highly creditable to his li er ry industry In addition to the works

which we are about to mention , he gave to the world , from time to time , with

out his name , partly or entirely written by himself, six or eight works on his o t ry and biography , a novel , seven discourses on historical and philosophical s f ubjects , and contributions to magazines and newspapers su ﬁcient to ﬁll a ” dozen octavo volumes . His works belonging to this cl ass are : The Bio

graphical Annual for 1 2111 0 . The Curiosities of American Litera ’ ”

u a n . s t re , as Appendix to Disraeli s Curiosities of Literature The Poet ”

8 v o . 1 84 2. an d Poetry of America . This work received the highest com ’ ” men d ation s f e s. . “ m rom the abl st critic E P. hipple , the London Exa iner, ' A O F M 4 8 6 LITER TURE A ERICAN BAPTISTS .

, Ra u mer i Bishop Potter Baron Frederick Von , of Prussia , unite in its pra se . ” “ Thomas Campbell , author of The Pleasures of Hope , says of it , Mr . Gris ’ ” wold s work is honorable to the character and genius of the American people . ” The Knickerbocker a n d North American Review noticed the sixteenth

1 8 55 . edition in , with the highest commendations The Prose Writers of ”

. 1 8 4 6 . 8 v o . 1 8 52. m America Fourth edition , Such scholars as Willia H . l ” i lia m . . . I V . Prescott , C Bryant , H B Wallace , The Knickerbocker , H T . “ t . Tuckerman , commend this work in the highes terms The Female Poets ” “ . 8 . v 8 56 . of America 1 84 8 o . Reached its ﬁfth edition in 1 The Prose ”

m . 8 . a n 1 55 2 v . 8 v o Works of John Milton , with Initial Me oir ols . l hi t 4 7 1 8 . V a s n g o n and the Generals of the American Revolution . 2 vols ”

1 8 4 7 . 2 . Napoleon and the Marshals of the Empire . vols Scenes in the “ Life of the Saviour , by the Poets and Painters . Edited . The Sacred ” “ 1 4 9 . . Poets of England and America . 8 Edited The Poets and Poetry

. 1 84 5. 8 v o . 1 8 54 . of England in the Nineteenth Century , Fourth edition , “ k . : The Wor s of Edgar A Poe Poems , Tales , and Miscellanies ; with a ' ” “ lVI emoir . W . S . o , by R Griswold The Republican Court ; or , American a c i ety in the Days of Washington . This l st was sumptuously printed and ” richly illustrated , and called forth the highest admiration .

. D THOMAS CURTIS was an accomplished literary laborer In England , r . ” ‘ a Curtis was the original editor of the ﬁEncyclop edia Metropolitana , and the “ di o En c c lo ai d i a . e t r of the London y p , throughout After his settlement in “ the South , he published occasional sermons , a course of Lectures on the ” “ ” Poetry of the Bible , Lectures on Bible Episcopacy , an address on edu

cation , and a volume of poems . He left several volumes yet unpublished , and among his last writings are “ Notes of a Plan for the Emancipation of the v ” ff Sla es , which he o ered to advocate in the South , if others would in the N 1 8 58 v l orth , As early as he wrote Without this , a ci il war wil ensue ,

a civil war for slavery . r WILLIAM R . WILLIAMS is a fruitful w iter of essays , reviews , addresses , “ and sermons , properly belonging to this class . His volume of Miscellanies

is one of the richest contributions to elegant literature . His sermons are

often rare gems of literary beauty . d . C I I O U L E S JOHN O edited Christian O ering , and other works , and was

the writer of many literary articles . ’ BARNAS SEARS edited Roget s Thesaurus of English Words , with addi

tions , which may as well be classed here . Also , in connection with Profs . “ e : Edwards and F lton , translated Ancient Literature and Art Essays and

Letters from Eminent Philologists .

. CI I A S E . W . S edited Modern French Literature , with Notes ” JEREMIAH CHAPLIN . The Evening of Life . The Memorial Hour . “ i . . . v G . W . HERVEY Chr stian Courtesy Rhetoric of Con ersation

Published by the Harpers , republished in London . ’ KA ZL I T T A R V I N E S Cyclop aedia of Anecdotes of Literature and the Fine ’ Arts is also an aid to elegant literature . N “ J . D . CHAPLI edited The Riches of Bunyan , a selection of rare

gems . ’ “ N n J . CLEMENT S oble Deeds of American Wome may also be classed

here . LITE RATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . 87

“ v E . L . MAGOON . The Eloquence of the Colonial and Re olutionary ”

1 8 4 7 . Times . “ i ’ 1 8 4 5 R . W . CUSHMAN . Pure Chr stianity the World s Only Hope . .

5 e r a nd Jlf usi c . . P o t y Enough has been done in this

n department to S how that the Muses are not stra gers to us . As a lyric poet , the name of

S . F . SMITH is well known as the writer of some of the most popular lyrics

d . a n odes in the language The national ode ,

’ M coun r t i s of ee y t y , th ,

i s one of the most popular patriotic songs in the English tongue . The fu

neral hymn , S i e t ou a s mi ld a n d lo el st r, h w t v y , has often soothed the hearts of pious mourners on the death of some young Christian female ; and his

Y es m n a i e la d I l o e th ee , y t v n , v , r i has called forth many tea s of tender , solemn joy at the departure of m ssion

- n aries to a foreign land ; and his soul awakening hym ,

b e is not excelled , in lyric force and the power to awaken holy emotion in ’

l of u . . ha f the world s conversion , by any hymn in the lang age Dr Smith , m “ i ” in connection with Dr . Stow , co piled The Psalm st, which has had a

larger sale , perhaps , than any other collection of hymns . He has also pub v ” — i li hed . s a olume entitled Lyric Gems , the title g ven by the bookseller He likewise translated from the German the larger part of the hymns and

- . i i songs in the Juvenile Lyre , a song book for children Or g nal hymns from his pen are adopted in the hymn - books of most of the Chris ti an denom

i n a ti o n s.

SIDNEY DYER is a proliﬁc wri ter of songs and ballads . Among his pro ” “ ” d u c ti on s are Voices of Nature , Thoughts in Rhyme , Songs and Bal ” “ ” ” s : lad , Ruth a Cantata , in two parts , Olio of Love and Song , The ’ ” “ ” “ k r s DriI n a d &c . Child , The Two Apprentices , The Winter Evening , r “ ” Mr . Dyer has published more songs , in the fo m of sheet music , than per

haps any other man in the country.

O f those who have published volumes of poetry , are

“ . . s . . 29 6 . J NEWTON BROWN Emily , and other Poem pp The Apoc ” alyp se : a Commencement Poem . 1 8 56 . “

. . u . 84 1 2. S DRYDEN PHELPS Eloq ence of Nature , and other Poems H r hli 1 68 . 1 2 . ea t ht . i . pp mo Sunlight and g or , F delity , and other Poems

52. 1 2 . 1 8 56 . pp . 2 mo “ . . 1 8 52 EMILY C JUDSON published The Olio , or Domestic Poems . '

1 2 . t y mo She was also e author of man small pieces of poetry , which were d ﬁrst printed in magazines , and afterwar s published in the two volumes of l ” A derbrook . Some of her pieces are very touching and beautiful . R M N LITE ATURE OF A ERICA BAPTISTS .

“ . D . : WILLIAM C RICHAR S Electron a Telegraphic Epic . “ R D N . . 1 859 . RICHA FURMA Pleasures of Piety , and other Poems

220. p p .

R . . THOMAS CU TIS Anastasis , and other Poems “ A . C KEN D RICK . Echoes Translations from German and Fren ch

Poets .

MR . . . S D . . A M . C E MOND The Broken Vow , and other Poems

. D B a nd WILLIAM B BRA URY is a distinguished musical writer , teacher , “ : composer . He has prepared and published the following works The ” ’ ” 1 8 4 1 1 84 3 1 8 4 5 Young Choir , School Singer , Flora s Festival , ; ” “ Young Melodist Musical Gems ; Sabbath - School M e lodies ; Young ” ” ” 1 8 55 “ Shawm , ; Psalmodist ; Choralist ; Mendelssohn Collection ; “ ” Psa lm a ta 1 8 54 , or Choir Melodies ; The Shawm , ; Social Singing ” - - Book ; Alpine Glee Book ; Metropolitan Glee Book . He is editor of ”

v . the New York Musical Review , and contributes to arious journals B l CHARLES THUR ER published Memorials of the Heart ; a so, Chem ” istry in Rhymes : a Book for C hildren .

few d 6 on . . Fi cti A writers among us have employe

i n their pens this department , for the purpose of gaining

better attention to some moral or religious truth . Among them are

D ON “ M R S . E . C . JU S "Fanny Forester Among her earlier produc b tions are Charles Linn ; or, How to O serve The Great Secret ; or,

“ - How to be Happy ; Allen Lucas ; or, The Self Made Man Trippings ” ” i n 2 . 1 8 4 6 in Author Land . Alderbrook , vols , consisting of tales , sketches , ” and poems , published in the New York Mirror , was so popular that 1 8 53 volumes had been sold in . ” “ R N . H . N M R S . MA Y A . DENISO ome Pictures What ot Carrie ” ” H He s : . amilton . Gracie Amber . Old p y a Tale of the South She

has contributed extensively to many periodicals . “ ” “ . n M R S . JANE D . CHAPLIN . The Convent and the Manse Gree L ” i n eaves from Oakwood . Mrs . C . has also contributed sketches and tales ,

d t . great numbers , to our perio ical li erature “ B DE . , MR S . J ANNIE DOWLING WITT Kate Weston or To Will and to D ” “ 1 2 . . 500. o . mo pp The Story of the Adder ; or , The History of the ” Stanley Family . ”

. M R S . S . R . FORD . Grace Truman ; or , Love and Principle ” Bunyan a Tale of Religious Persecution . “

. M R S . CORNELIA H . B . RICHARDS Mrs Manners Aspiration “ &c &c . 8 54 . an Autobiography of Girlhood . 1 At Home and Abroad ,

. I I BA N V A R D . J O S EP Priscilla ; or , Trials for Religious Liberty “ ” . A . C . DAYTON . Theodosia ; or , The Heroine of Faith

P H A R C E L L U S CHURCH . Mapleton or , More Work for the Maine ” 1 2 . 1 8 54 . Law . mo “ 8 4 4 N . . 1 . G E O . T . CARLETO The Unique

. Z A . . . c MR S . ELI T P SMITH The Little Republi

LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

they receive some attention . Much of what was formerly published in pamphlets is n o w given to the public i n maga zines , reviews , and newspapers . O ur pamphlet literature may be grouped i n a loose and

r : . S ermons . Ad dresses gene al way under the heads of I ; H , or Inaugurals by professors and preside nts of institutions

O S Sec . S cien i c P a m of learning , rations , peeches , ; II I tﬁ

H o P n o t /z lets V . is ri ca l a m hle s V . p I t p t , sermons ;

. e e Ap olog etic VI Con trovers ia l ; and VII . M isc lla n ous

P a mp /z lets .

e I . S rmons . Great numbers of sermons have been published by our “ m n ﬁ t i n i isters in the last f y years , some pamphlets , some in “ ” ” a the N tional Preacher , some in the Baptist Preacher , ” “ the S outhern Baptist Preacher , the Western Baptist ” n Preacher , and other similar periodicals , some in the mi utes

i n m n e w s a of associations and conventions , agazines , and p

u b pers . The p blication of many of them was called for y circumstances apart from the permanent or literary value of

i n the sermons themselves , which having passed away , the teres t in the sermons has passed away also .

Among those who have issued sermons in print , the venerable BALDWIN stands ﬁrst . Ne a rly forty of his sermons were published . His General Elec 1 8 02 tion Sermon , before the Massachusetts Legislature , in , was received m wi th unco mon favor , as was indicated by the fact that it passed through three editions . More than half his printed sermons were issued before

1 8 14 .

The name of the eloquent pastor of the Charles Street Church , Boston , i R E V . D R . n . the SHARP , stands next order He preached the Election

1 8 24 Go v . . Sermon in , and the Funeral Sermon of Eustis the same year w m m e T enty or ore of his sermons were published in pa phlet form . b sides others in various periodicals , some of which went through several editions .

. R . R A N D R E V D F ANCIS I V A Y I . has published twenty or more sermons m in pa phlet form , besides his volumes of sermons noticed under that head . His sermons are al w ays received with strong marks of favor by the public .

. L L I A M . V I L L I A M R E V . D R I V I R V S has issued many sermons in pamphlet e form , besides several volumes , originally sermons , which have taken a p rma e nent place in the elegant literature of our country . The nam s of others , as

S T A U G I I T O N B . . . , RANTLY , G F DAVIS , C TRAIN , BOLLES , STOW , HAGUE , LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

f I D E R h , o , FULLE , will be remembered as able preac ers and as the authors w printed sermons , on a variety of topics , hich may be classed thus

1 a iona l or Conven i on S ermons . . Ass oci t , t i 1 8 1 6 I V . , COLLIER , before Bapt st Missionary Society JOHN WILLIAMS,

w . before Ne York Missionary Society ; T BALDWIN , before Ba p tist General 1 8 1 7 Convention , Philadelphia , ; STEPHEN CHAPIN , before Maine Baptist

1 8 20 M 1 84 1 . Education Society , ; before Baptist Home ission Society , ; D

1 8 21 . s BENEDICT , before Warren Association , L BOLLES , before Bo ton As

B 1 8 29 . 1 8 22 . , ; sociation , ; R BA COCK , on Claims of Educational Societies B ff STOW , before American and Foreign Bible Society ; E iciency of Primitive ” “ Missions ; G . B . IDE , The Moral Elevation of the Church essential to ” ” Missionary Success ; BRADLEY MINER , on Preaching to the Conscience , “ f . . be ore Boston Association ; J N MURDOCK , A Ministry a p proved unto ” i s 1 8 5 7 . . R God , before Connecticut Bapt t Education Society , ; J B TAYLO ,

- 1 8 56 b efore American Sunday School Union , ; JOHN WILLIS , before New

York Missionary Society . These are but samples of such as can be remem bered .

2 a nd Di s ta lla ti on S ermons . . Ord ina tion

1 7 9 4 . 1 7 9 9 T . BALDWIN , of David Leonard , ; of W Collier , ; of Elisha 8 02 1 8 00 1 i 1 8 03 . Andrews , ; of John Peak , ; of Elisha Will ams , of J Chap

1 8 04 1 8 05 . 1Vi n ch ell . lin , ; of D Merrill , ; of James M ; L BOLLES , at New

1 8 1 8 . 1 8 1 9 . 1 8 26 port , ; J CHAPLIN , of Stephen Chapin , ; of A King , ; of

. 1 8 28 . . . 1 8 1 9 S T E George D Boardman , ; W COLLIER , of G W Appleton , ;

1 8 23 . 1 8 23 . A 1 8 22 PHEN GANO , of Peter Ludlow , ; C TRAIN , ; S CH PIN , ;

I R A H . . 1 8 26 1 8 26 . GI L CHASE , of J D Knowles , ; ELISHA TUCKER , ; J

P . . 1 8 30 1 8 3 1 . ATRICK , of W C Rider , ; SILAS HALL , ; A FISHER , of J .

1 8 33 . D I V . . . Alden , ; F WAYLAN , of Hague ; T F CURTIS , of Foster ,

1 853 .

3 . D ed i i ons a nd Cons i u o o C ca i n /zurclz es . t , t t t f

s 1 8 14 . ELISHA ANDREWS , Belchertown , Mas , T BALDWIN , Bellingham ,

1 8 02 o s 1 8 1 1 1 8 1 7 L h . 1 8 1 6 ; B ton , Cambridge , ; SI AS STEARNS , Bat , Me , ;

1 8 2 7 . . 1 8 29 . . I CHARLES TRAIN , Framingham , ; C P GROSVENOR , ; S P H LL , I 1 8 33 V . 1 8 39 . . R N Haverhill , ; HAGUE , Boston , W T B A TLY , dedication of

Ga . 1 8 21 . Baptist Church , Augusta , ,

4 . Commemora i ve erm t S ons .

. B A I a 1 7 9 , 9 . T . . T DWIN of George W shington , ; W STAUGH ON , of Dr B 1 1 8 3 . . D . 1 8 14 , ; ; G o v . Rush of S Jones , D , JESSE MERCER , of Robins ,

1 8 9 - 1 . 1 8 22 Bi B B 1 8 22 . S CHAPIN , of Luther Rice , ; centennial , J ARNA Y,

Go v . 1 8 28 W , 1 8 32 . GI L of Eustis ILLIAM PARKINSON , of Holmes , J

) . , 1 8 33 . . 1 8 29 PATRICK of l Merrill , ; J O CHOULES , Thanksgiving , ; of D . 1 8 5 2 . B . , ; . . . Webster R BA COCK , of Geo Leonard ; R E PATTISON , of J 1 84 3 . R . , ; 1 84 7 . . . Chap lin D SHA P , of Dr Chalmers , ; J T CHAMPLIN , of W

. 8 4 . 1 1 . . B , ; 1 84 1 . s H Harrison S F SMITH , do , ; R TURN ULL , on Chalmer

1 84 7 . , ; . . 1 84 8 . u 1 8 51 and Vinet W HAGUE , of J Q Adams , ; of A J dson , ; 56 LITERATURE OF AMERIC AN BAPTISTS .

. 1 84 9 . 1 856 . . . . M N N of J . O Choules , ; J S AGINNIS , of Kendrick , ; J

N G R A N G ER o f . . 1 8 4 9 . . , S B Mumford , ; T D A D ERSON , of President Taylor, d s 1 85 1 . . I V oo 1 8 50 . . . 1 8 50 ; J N MURDOCK , do , ; A C KENDRICK , of Abel , ;

. R . 1 8 52 . W. E . H . GRAY , of A Judson ; HEN Y JACKSON , of E Nelson , ; G

1 852. SAMSON , of D . Webster ,

5 H is orica S ermons . . t l

t JAM ES M . WINCHELL , two sermons , History of First Bap tis Church , Bos

1 8 1 9 . 1 8 24 O 1 8 30 . . CI I O U L E S ton , ; T BALDWIN , ; J SEPH GRAFTON , ; J O ,

i t r f . . 1 8 3 7 . 1 8 30 . H s o o 8 C ; B MANLY , y Charleston , , Baptist Church , ; W

1 8 39 . HAGUE , Second Centennial of First Baptist Church , Providence , ; A

E N . Y . 1 84 2 . . B N ETT , History of Baptist Church , Homer, N , ; T C TEAS

D h 1 8 4 2 . ALE , Baptist C urch , New Haven , ; T CURTIS , on the Founding of

. . 1 84 . 1 8 4 3 . C 2 W . Baptist Church , Charleston , S , ; B STOW , Centennial , ; J

1 8 4 6 . . PARKHURST , History of Baptist Church , Dedham , ; H C FISH , Semi

1 8 5 1 . N D centennial , H JACKSO , Historical escription of Central Church ,

1 854 . B H u Newport, R TURN ULL , istorical Disco rse on First Baptist Church ,

Hartford . 6 . Funera l S ermons .

W. . . D . u 1 8 23 T BRANTLY , of L Banks , A gust , ; Lenitives of Sorrow , 8 . 2 . . 7 . C 1 8 1 8 0 . Beaufort , S , ; T BALDWIN, of Dr Stillman , ; of Mrs Collier ,

1 8 1 3 . M . 1 8 20 . . W 1 8 24 . of J Winchell , ; S CHAPIN , of O ilson , ; W BOWEN ,

1 8 28 E. . E . 1 8 33 . E. . ; W F R EMAN , on Mrs Graves , ; S SMITH , of B Miner ,

1 8 54 . . M o n . . 1 8 52 . . ; E B S ITH , D O Morton , ; F WAYLAND , on Mrs Caswell ,

5 M L n 1 8 51 . . 1 8 0 . . c ea R C WILLETT , on Capt , T A MITAGE . on Dr Cone ,

1 8 55 . . O . rs . 1 85 7 ; J N MURD CK , on Hon Silas Wright ; on M Williams , ; C .

6 . A 1 8 0 . 1 8 62. . B N N G F IR ANKS , on Deacon Foster, ; J DU CA , for Mrs Kent ,

7 . Occa si ona l.

. C v 1 8 1 6 . R FURMAN , ommunion essential to Sal ation , ; T BALDWIN , on ’ L t 1 8 1 9 u 1 8 22 ord s Day af er Execution of Pirates , on the D ty of Parents ,

. 1 8 20 E CUSHMAN , Election Sermon , ; on Christian Fortitude ; CLARK N KENDRICK , before Legislature of orth Carolina ; STEPH EN GANO , on the

7 . 8 2 D 1 8 2 . 1 8 T e m ivinity of Christ , ; G F DAVIS , Thanksgiving Sermon , a r n c e e a 1 8 3 1 . R B v 1 8 25 . I p Sermon , J BA NA Y , Thanksgi ing Sermon , F VAY

D 1 8 28 . . . LAN , Fast Day Sermon , ; T B RIPLEY , a Sermon at Portland , Me ,

1 8 28 W. . R 1 8 24 ; T B ANTLY , a Sermon on the Trinity , ; Duty of publicly 1 8 24 dedicating Children to the Lord , ; Testimony of Enemies to Religion ,

1 8 24 . P 1 8 30 . . ; J E WESTON, Claims of the oor , ; C P GROSVENOR . two ser B d 1 8 29 E mons , on National lessings and on Inﬁ elity , ; ALFR D BENNETT , g a a 1 8 30 . The Kin dom of Christ distinguished from the Kingdom of C es r, ; H

FI T T Z . 1 8 34 . , Obedience the Test of Discipleship , ; J T HINTON , two ser ’ 1 8 3 2 1 8 3 7 J O I I N mons on the Spirit s O p erations , ; on the Alton Riots , ; 0 11 TRIPP , on the Inspiration of the Scriptures , the Perseverance of the s I V itn e sse s I R A H Saint , on the Two , and several other sermons ; CHASE , 8 1 22 . 1 8 3 7 1 8 52 . on Anger , ; B STOW , Thanksgiving , ; Spiritual Power , ; A

KA L L O C I I t 184 9 . R . 1 8 22 1 84 2 1 8 4 6 . , Fas Day , ; D SHA P , do , , , ; L TRACY, LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

1 8 4 8 . . t Farewell to Boylston , ; E L MAGOON , before Nor h Carolina Legisla 7 B . 1 8 4 3 . . “ ture , ; R H NEALE , the Burning ush ; the Incarnation ; HAGUE ,

R . . True Charity ; D . D . P ATT , on Voluntary Associations ; J N MURDOCK , 1 8 59 1 8 56 Signs of the Times , ; Peacemakers and Peacemaking , ; Building PrO he ts 1 8 59 the Tombs of the p , ; the Basis and Ends of Civil Government ,

1 8 59 1 8 6 2 . . . the Causes and Issues of our Civil War , ; R B C HOWELL , the

D 1 8 4 3 . . ivine Care of the Church , ; H C FISH , Characteristics of Successful

Ed ort 1 8 4 8 1 8 56 . . Benevolent , ; on Sumner and Kansas , ; J N GRANGER ,

1 8 51 I . 1 8 4 7 . the V a sermon , ; M SANFORD , Ocean , DEAN , Thanksgiving , f 1 8 5 7 1 8 59 . o Ministerial Sources of Support , ; P CHURCH , Permanence the

' as . \V . O L M Pastoral Relation , A P sion for Souls , and other sermons ; J

1 8 4 4 . . w STEAD , the Ominous Future , R W CUSHMAN , Calm Revie of the

1 84 2 . . Religious Awakening in Boston , ; S L CALDWELL , to the Volunteers ,

1 8 6 1 . . 1 8 63 . ; J H GILMORE , a Thanksgiving Sermon , ; A POLLARD , on

1 8 63 . . I 1 8 6 1 . . Justiﬁcation by Faith , ; H G VESTON , on National Fast , J C

B 1 8 56 . . STOCK RIDGE , two discourses , ; D C EDDY, Political Rights of Min

is ters 1 8 54 . i . , N WOOD , Modern Spir tualism 8 l . Jf i scella neous S ermons a re , some of which classed

h n n m here because the subjects of t em are unk ow to e .

Missionary sermons in great numbers have been published by Messrs . J . AN VVI L L I A M S FU L PARKHURST , SHARP , WAYLAND , BR TLY , FURMAN , , R O WA R LER , CHAPIN , STOW , B WN , GRANGER , IDE , WELCH , DOWLING ,

R . EN , and many others

Of sermons on baptism the number to be found is very few . T . PINK

- i n 1 8 39 o . . HAM published one , being a Retraction of Ped Baptism ; W T “ L a n o BRANT Y , The Coven nt of Circumcision Just Plea for Infant Bap ti sm . Many sermons have been pri nted in the religious and secular news papers .

. Addresses O r . II , Inaugurals

WM . O 1 8 22 . N STAUGHT N , as President of Columbian College , S CHAPI , 1 8 26 as Professor in Waterville College , ; as President of Columbian College ,

1 8 29 . 1 8 30 . JOEL S BACON , President of Georgetown College , ; JAMES D

1 8 3 2 . B VV a t er KNOWLES , as Professor at Newton , R BA COCK , President of v l 1 8 34 ille Co lege , ; ALVA WOODS , President of Transylvania University ;

. . 1 8 39 . J S MAGINNIS , Professor at Hamilton , J UPHAM , at New Hampton ,

1 8 4 6 . 1 8 54 . . A HOVEY , at Newton , ; J G BINNEY , President of Columbian

1 8 5 . , 5 ; . i 1 8 54 College M B ANDERSON , President of Rochester Univers ty , ;

. . E n P B SP AR , Professor at Hamilto ; STEPHEN W . TAYLOR , as President f hI a d is n O o . . H &c . 810. University ; E S GALLUP , Professor at amilton , M y . VVO O D S A L Several Baccalaureate Addresses b Messrs WAYLAND , ,

S . COM , PATTI ON , BACON , CHAPIN , SAMSON , and others , have been published o n Of Orations public occasions , CHARLES TRAIN has published four or

ﬁ v e . . ; . . I V A Y L A N D J D KNOWLES and B STOW , several each ; F , several , r hila n thr i O e . Z . . on litera y , scientiﬁc , and p p subjects . E CUSHMAN , L

. . LEONARD , S L CALDWELL , ISAAC DAVIS , A . CASWELL , and J . A . O v B LLES , ha e published addresses . O F LITERATURE AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

S cien i c His ori ca l tﬁ and t pamphlets have been issued , but W they are of little or no permanent value , because hatever they may con tain that is new or valuable is take n up into the m ore permanent book literature . A olo e ic m Many p g t pa phlets have been issued , such as

. . R 1 8 36 . . Letters of W F B OADDUS and SLICER , ; J L DAGG , in De f f t ’ o 1 8 4 5 . . i ence S rict Communion , ; W H TURTON S Baptist Posit on De f 1 4 8 4 . . . 1 84 5 . . ended , ; R FURMAN , Review of A B Smith , H J RIPLEY and

. I V . to Ex l c u si v ei sm 1 8 55 &c . &c . J SMITH , Replies Albert Barnes , on ,

Con trovers i a l pamphlets have been issued by

. . . . E BALDWIN , CHAPIN , CHASE , J WINTER , E FOSTER , R F MIDDL

D . . R N R R &c . ITCH , E WORTH , W PA KI SON, CRAWFO D , KILPAT ICK ,

A large nu mber of M iscella neous Pamphlets have been issued . i JOSHUA BRADLEY , on Rev vals and on Freemasonry ; SOLOMON DROWN , 1 8 24 in Behalf of the Greeks , ; ISAAC DAVIS , Report of the Committee of i 1 8 32 1 8 54 Exam nation at West Point , in and , addressed to the Secretary of the War ; JOHN LELAND , the Jarring Interests of Heaven reconciled by Pri z . . a e Blood of the Cross , and Some Events in his own Life ; J A BOLLES , Ben efa c WM . Essay on a Congress of Nations ; GAMMELL , Sketch of the tions of Nicholas Brown ; Brief Notice of the late Commodore Charles Morris ,

1 8 55 . ; S ADLAM , The First Church , in Providence , not the Oldest Baptist

1 8 53 . . t Church in America , ; J R BLISS , Place of the Bap ists in Protestant

- e . O I V . Christ ndom ; J D WLING , The Old Fashioned Bible ; PARKINSON , The m t WM . Ro ish Antichrist ; CROWELL , Advantages of the Baptis Church 1 84 5 Polity , Report on Separate Schools for Colored Children in Boston , for m 1 84 7 &c . 1 8 55 the School Co mittee , ; Six Letters , , ; Exegesis on John

. 5 1856 iii , Thoughts on the Benevolent Organizations Proper for the King

1 8 58 . . dom of Christ , ; H B HACKETT , Speech on Bible Revision ; Address at ’ N 1 8 64 the Consecration of the Soldiers Monument in the ewton Cemetery ,

&c . &c .

PERIODICALS .

The most remarkable grow th of our half- century literature

o u r u . is in periodical issues , weekly , monthly , and q arterly When’ our fathers inaugurated the Foreign Mission enter

i n all prise , ﬁfty years ago , they had one periodical America , ” “ Z N T H E M AS S A CH U S E TT S B A P T I S T M I S S I O N A R Y M AG A I E .

mo nths It was issued once in three , each number containing

- m thirty two pages , aking a volume of nearly four hundred

i n a pages three years , or one hundred and thirty p ges a LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

r l year ; This was the sum total of o u periodical iterature 1 8 14 n — in . From that small beginni g , the ﬁrst n umber i — — M a z i n e w a s S 1 808 of the ag issued in eptember , , our peri

- o dica l literature has grown , during the half century of our

r . I t missiona y life , to its present giant proportions is one of r the marvel s of the age . It is peculiarly an American g owth , the most characteristic fruit of the tree plan ted by Roger S Williams . It is a power before which tate intolerance , ’

priestly rule , persecution for conscience sake , Popery in any

S tha n of its thousan d forms cannot stand . tronger armies ,

or than any political society , the religious press can put down any power that dares to array itself against the rights or the

liberties of the people .

The leading facts in the history of the Magazine have already been noted .

Qu a rterly .

“ T H E e 1 8 36 y re CHRISTIAN REVIEW was commenc d in , as a literar and

li iou . g s quarterly Each issue contained one hundred and ﬁfty pages or more ,

maki ng an annual volum e of upwards of six hundred and ﬁfty pages . Its

r . . . . ﬁ st editor was Prof J D Knowles At his sudden death , while the second

n . umber of the third volume was partly in type , B Sears became its editor,

which he continued to be till the end of volume sixth . He was succeeded by

S . F . Smith , who was its editor to the end of volume thirteen . E . G . Sears

i . . u ed ted the fourteenth volume ; then S S C tting , assisted by several breth

a n d . . ren , to the end of volume seventeen ; then R . Turnbull J N Murdock

to the end of volume twentieth . J . J . Woolsey conducted the work through

- its twenty ﬁrst volume . Franklin Wilson and G . B . Taylor were its editors

- the . . to the end of twenty fourth volume , and E G Robinson to the end of

- 1 8 63 the twenty eighth volume , or to the close of , at which time its distinct i “ ” ssues were suspended , and it was merged in the Bibliotheca Sacra , of

whi ch B . Sears is one of the editors . The Review has maintained a highly respectable position among the lit

era ry and theological quarterlies of the day . It has been an able exponent

of Baptist principles , though catholic in its tone . It has added some eighteen thousand p a ges to the permanent literature of American Baptists during the — . n o twenty eight years of its existence The suspension of its issues will , t doubt , be temporary , for it is not to be supposed that the Baptis s of America

will consent to give up so important a medium of inﬂuence . e As to the writers who have creat d this amount of literature , I have found “ it impossible to obtain a complete account . The Review has received the h n ot aid of the literary labors of our best scholars , as well as t at of others ,

Baptists . S . F . Smith , who was its editor during a longer period than any o has i t ther man , and who been a constant contributor to it, has written for R LITERATU E OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

a bout sixty articles , making thirteen hundred and eighty pages , besides nearly

all the literary notices duri n g his editorship . B . Sears has contributed about

. . a ﬁve hundred pages F Wayland has been a l rge contributor , especially to

v . . . its earlier olumes A C Kendrick has contributed three hundred pages ,

. . t w o . . . or more ; A N Arnold , about hundred pages H B Hackett , S . Bai

. . . B. . . . . ley , D C Haynes , M Anderson , A Hovey , J T Cham plin , R Bab

. . I . . f . . V . . . I V il cock , R A Co ﬁn , T F Curtis , Gammell , H J Ri pley , W R

...... c . . liams , J S Maginnis , I Chase , W Hague , J M Peck , H Lin oln , V R

H ...... otchkiss , G D Boardman , J R Loomis , J H Raymond , S L Caldwell ,

H . I V . c . . t Ri hardson , R E Pattison , have contributed several ar icles each ,

- of froin twenty ﬁ v e to one hundred and ﬁfty pages ; I V . Crowell seven ar

i le s a . . . . t c m s . , aking one hundred and ﬁfty p ge S S Cutting , E G Robinson ,

. . I l n . . . . V i so R Turnbull , J N Murdock , F , and G B Taylor were frequent

b . . . contri utors while acting as editors The names of G W Samson , O . S .

I V ...... Stearns , Ashmore , S Talbot, E B Cross , E L Magoon , R C Mills , L . I . . I s u . M ...... I a o I V . oss , H C Fish , G S Chace , G R Bliss , S R , O Howes , C .

d . . . . . Es . Chil , Hon R . Fletcher, Hon . S G Arnold , J A Bolles , q , J Belcher,

...... I V . F Bosworth , C B Davis , G W Eaton , J Dowling , S P Hill , E Dick l . . . e . . . I V . . N . inson , F Mason , S D Ph lps , C B Smith , D Phi lips , A Caswell ,

H . . r M M . . i t Bishop , T Washbu n , iss A Collier , and others , appear on its l s

of writers .

l Jf ont/z ly .

” T H E D m l v te M has MACE ONIAN , a onth y sheet , de o d to Foreign issions , s been publi hed , under the direction of the Secretary of the Missionary Union ,

- twenty two years . It has attained an extensive circulation , and done much to diff use missionary intelligence and stimulate the missionary spirit . ” T H E R DA Y i n LATTE LUMINA RY was commenced in Philadelphia , “ a 1 8 18 o f a e Febru ry , , a magazine single column p ge , ﬁve numb rs a year, ” proﬁts sacred to the cause of missions , edited by Dr . Staughton , assisted by

H . . a n d . u e Burgess Alison , G Jones , Luther Rice It was published abo t thre

years . “ T H E SAB B ATH - SCHOOL TREASURY was issued several years by the

- Massachusetts Sabbath School Union . “ ” T H E n 8 v o . BAPTIST MEMORIAL , a double colum , magazine , was com men c e d 1 8 4 2 . n in New York , in , by R Babcock , who edited it six years , the n E . Hutchi son three years ; after which it was issued for a time in Rich m o f T H E BA P V a . mond , , then six years in Philadelphia , under the na e ” ﬁ v d . T I S T FAMILY MAGA Z INE . About e thousand copies were issue “ T H E B PR EA C I I E R APTIST , a monthly pamphlet , containing one or two t sermons in each number, wi h short articles on preaching , was commenced in

d f . . 18 4 2 . a n Richmond , Va , in , by H Keeling , continued ﬁ teen or twenty years

A work of the same character and title was issued in Boston two years , edited ' by William Collier .

T H E R K . WESTE N BAPTIST REVIEW was commenced in Louisville , y , R N 1 84 5 . e w in , by John L Wall r , its name after ards changed to CH ISTIA ” e e w hi s t . . b REPOSITORY , edi d by S H Ford , till the Re llion dre its editor to

own place among the traitors to his country .

R M LITE ATURE OF A ERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ ” “ T H E T H E M Several other papers , as LANDMAR K BAPTIST , CHA ”

&c . . PION , , have been in existence in Georgia for a longer or shorter time “ “ T H E E XAMINER is the name of the paper combining T H E N EW ” 1 823 YORK BAPTIST REGISTER , commenced at Utica in , so long edited NE . . Es T H E W BA P by A M Beebe , q , and YORK RECORDER , formerly ”

T I S T . . . . ADVOCATE , edited ﬁrst by S S Cutting and subsequently by M B ” Anderson . The union of the Register and Recorder took place in 1 8 55 “ January , , and the name of the paper was changed to The Exam ” iner, in June the same year , Messrs . Cutting and Bright editors . In the autumn of that year , E . Bright became sole editor, which he continues to be to the present time . The paper ha s received the literary contributions of many eminent writers , has been issued in a style of great mechanical excel a lence , and extended its circulation from year to y ear , till it has reached weekly issue of twenty thousand . T H E RELIGIOUS HERALD originated in a monthly pamphlet , in Rich

8 26 . V a . 1 . mond , , October , , edited by H Keeling At the end of the year it i ts was changed to a weekly , under present name , E . Ball , a native of Ver

. I V . r mont , editor Soon after, Sands , f om England , became its editor , who

d . continued to con uct it many years For some years before the Rebellion ,

J . M . Shaver was its editor . It has been ably conducted from the beginning . ’ ” Z . 1 8 28 . ION S ADVOCATE was ﬁrst issued in Portland , Me , in , by A 8 4 1 8 39 . 1 2 Wilson , who conducted it till , when J Ricker was its editor till ; l 1 8 5 1 8 4 8 . . 1 then Mr . Wilson resumed the charge , till ; then S K Smith , ti l ; h il r 1 5 . . S a e . . 8 8 I V J B Foster , till H , till the present ti ” In 1 8 22 “ T H E I V A T E RV I L L E INTELLIGENCER entered on a career of a fe w T H E H E R years , being in part a Baptist paper ; soon after, BAPTIST ” 1 8 36 T H E N ALD , at Brunswick , ran a brief career ; and in EASTER

I V A T C H M AN was issued for a time . “ T H E B BI LICAL RECORDER originated in a monthly pamphlet, edited 9 T H E . i n 1 8 2 . C B by Thomas Meredith , at Edenton , N , , called BI LICAL N ” ly I TERPRETER , which , after a few years , was issued week , under its pres

. I V . e—nt name , and removed to Raleigh . T Tobey was for a time its editor, perhaps is still . There have usually been , in the State , two or three

other papers , claiming to be Baptist , of little circulation or inﬂuence . “ “ T H E JOURNAL AND MESSENGER unites T H E BAPTIST WEEKLY O R 1 8 3 1 J U NAL , commenced in Cincinnati , Ohio , in , edited by John Ste ” ” v T H E T H E R ens , CROSS , a Baptist paper in Kentucky , and MESSENGE , T H E of Indiana . For a time it was called CROSS , AND BAPTIST JOUR 1 8 38 re NAL . In the paper went into the hands of George Cole , who

8 4 7 . . moved it to Columbus. In 1 it passed into the hands of J A Batchelder

. l. 4 9 . . 1 8 and D . A Randal In Mr Batchelder became its sole proprietor ” The paper received its present name after the union with The Messenger ,

1 8 56 . and was removed to Cincinnati . In May , , Mr Cole again became its sole

editor , which he still continues to be . Under his management it has been

a useful p a per .

- e TIIE WESTERN RECORDER originated in a semi monthly , at Sh lby

33 a . . I V a llc r . K . 1 8 v ville , y , in , fterwards removed to Louis ille , J L editor ” “ “ T H E I V E S T ER N R T H E B A P For some years , PIONEE , of Illinois , and ” . N . . . . T I S T . w , of ashville , Tenn , ere united with it , J M Peck and R B C LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ u T H E P N R A N D Howell assistant editors , nder the name of BA TIST BA NE ” O M . I V a ller i . 1 8 51 PI NEER , issued at Louisville , r , chief ed tor In , it received i i t il Re i ts present name , under wh ch was issued t l the breaking out of the bellion , when it ceased its issues ; but has lately been revived again , in a small sheet . Its inﬂuence has been somewhat mixed , much that was crude and mischievous ﬁnding utterance through its columns . “ ” T H E N l . TEN ESSEE BAPTIST was commenced in Nashvi le , Tenn , in i 1 8 35 . . . January , , by R B C Howell , who was its editor th rteen years , when he placed it under the care of the General Baptist Association of the State .

l . . v . after which it fe l into the hands of J R Gra es , from Vermont It was a i most misch evous and pestilent sheet under his management , obtained a wide circu lation , became a violently partisan , personal , and abusive paper , and ex d ed v till c ee the secular prints in its ad ocacy of Secession , , on the capture of

N l i ts d . v ashvi le , guilty e itor ﬂed to the South , and its issues ceased Se eral i v v l N vi other Bapt st weeklies ha e been issued from Knox il e , ash lle , and

M v all . emphis , for se eral years each , of which have ceased

T H E RN N S t. 1 8 38 . WESTE WATCHMA was commenced in Louis , in , J

M . 1 851 it w as m . Peck editor From conducted about ten years by Willia till ll Crowell , , at the coming on of the troubles connected with the Rebe ion , T H E i ts issues ceased . A paper called MISSOUR I BAPTIST had previously

. . . im been issued for a time by J T Hinton Two or three other papers , cla ing

r . to be Baptist , have had a temporary existence in Missou i " “ i 111 N P re n v H . T H E G e i e C. SOUTHER BA TIST or ginated a monthly , at , S , i n 1 84 0 . . . v , T W Haynes editor At the end of the ﬁrst year it was remo ed it v i l it di scon ti n to Charleston , where had se eral ed tors in succession , til was ued three or four years ago . T H E N D MICHIGA CHRISTIAN HERALD was commenced in etroit , Jan

1 1 84 2 . . uary , , by the Michigan Baptist State Convention A Tenbrook

its . . i was ﬁrst editor ; it was then edited by M Sanford , J Ingl s , and others . f 1 8 62 v . . H For about ourteen years pre ious to it was edited by G W arris , and published by M . Allen , under a lease from the Convention . In January ,

1 8 62 . . i i , E Olney and E Curtiss became proprietors , the latter ch ef ed tor . In

I V . . v April , Alden and others became editors and proprietors It has recei ed i n v the literary contributions of the pastors the State , its circulation , ne er l large , being a most exclusively in that State . To its wholesome inﬂuence th e Baptists of Michigan are largely indebted forthe remarkable harmony i n doctrine and practice which they have enjoyed above any other Western

State . The recent li berality in the endowment of three institutions of learn i i f ing s , in a great degree , owing to the excellent nﬂuence o this paper . “ ” T H E B P ALA AMA BA TIST was commenced at Marion , Ala . , January ,

8 3 . . w 1 4 e ett . , M P J editor Its name was afterwards changed to SOUTH ” R N . . H . WESTE BAPTIST , J C enderson editor Another weekly paper was published a year or two in Alabama . ” “ T H E u T H E R N CHRONICLE is the nion of CH ISTIA CHRONICLE , i n 1 84 6 commenced in Philadelphia , , G . W . Anderson editor , afterwards

I V . . edited by B Jacobs many years , then by J . S . Dickerson , assisted by ” . . T H E NE W J N Brown , several years , with YORK CHRONICLE , com men ced 1 850 0 . . 1 8 5 7 . in , in New York , B Judd editor, till , in , P Church i i till “ i became its editor , wh ch he cont nued to be its union with The Chr s 5 7 N LITERATURE OF AMERICA BAPTISTS .

” 8 1 63. tian Chronicle , under its present name , near the close of The paper u has attained a high character , a wide circulation , and extensive sefulness,

since it came under its present management . “ T H E The ﬁrst weekly Baptist paper in Philadelphia was WORLD , in ” 1 8 32. T H E E N R LIGIOUS ARRATOR had a short existence , edited by “ ” W . T . Brantly , and was united with The World , the united paper taking “ ” T H E Z o . W. the name of CHRISTIAN GA ETTE , under the edit rship of R

Cushman . T H E U N e I n TRUE ION was commenced as a we kly paper in Baltimore ,

1 8 50. January , For ﬁfteen months it was edited by the proprietor, Thomas

. . 1 8 51 1 8 52 J Beach , Esq From April , , to the end of , it was edited nomi “ ” b u t . . I n nally by the Baptist pastors of Baltimore , really by F Wilson ’

1 8 53 . , Mr Wilson s name appeared as editor, which he continued to be till the

1 8 56 . 1 8 5 7 c lose of In it was edited by G . F . Adams ; from the end of that

1 8 60 . 1 8 61 . I V ilson a o year to , by John Bang In Mr gain became its edit r ,

a . till the close of that year, when he determined to discontinue its public tion D h ad uring its existence of twelve years , it seldom a circulation of over ﬁfteen

. t hundred It was edited gratuitously during eight of hese years , yet its 3 expenses amounted to 8 500 above all its receipts . Its principal contributors

were R . Fuller , G . F . Adams , J . M . W . Williams , George B . Taylor , G . W .

Samson , S . C . Barton . T H E N M s 1 8 52 CHRISTIA ERA was commenced in Lowell , as , in June , ,

I n 1 856 . b t r . I V e s e J . M . Burt editor A purchased the paper , removed it to . Boston , and became its editor , which he still continues to be “ T H E N . 1 8 63 . CHRISTIA TIMES was commenced in Chicago , Ill , in , J A . “ T H E Smith and Leroy Church editors . NO RTHWESTERN BAPTIST w as 1 84 2 T H E I V E S T ER N commenced in Chicago , in , continuing two years ; ” “ ” a t 1 8 4 5 T H E N STAR , Jacksonville , in , two years ; WESTER CHRISTIAN , at “ ” 1 8 4 5 1 8 60 T H E N O F Elgin , from to ; WATC HMA THE PRAIRIES , at Chi “ ” m 1 84 7 1 8 52 T H E NO cago , fro to . ILLI IS BAPTIST was issued in the “ ” southern part of the State a few years . The Western Pioneer , com m n c e d . . e by J M Peck , which was much earlier , was noticed under the head “ ” of The Western Recorder . “ T H E I V I T N ES S S . D er 1 8 56 was ﬁrst issued by , y , in , at Indianapolis ,

1 8 63 M . . I V . Ind . M . G . Clarke soon became its editor , till , in , E Clarke as

t . two v sumed its charge , which he s ill continues One or papers had a pre ious

brief existence in the State . “ T H E AMERICAN BAPTIST was started by the friends of Free Missions , n ow and has been published several years in the city of New York . It is

i . . ably ed ted by N Brown , formerly Missionary to Assam Some other weekly papers have had an existence for a longer or shorter “ T E N EW . H time , in various parts of the country HAMPSHIRE BAPTIST ” “ d I V orth . T H E REGISTER was issued at Concord many years , by Edmun B R ” VERMONT O SERVE was issued many years , a blight on the Baptist “ ” O r . T H E N cause in that State S O UTHWESTER CHRONICLE , at New ” ” “ “ T H E . T H E T H E X leans , La , MISSISSIPPI BAPTIST , TE AS BAPTIST , R P ” A KANSAS BA TIST , were issued some years , chieﬂy echoes of the Ten ”

n a . v essee B ptist In the State of Virginia , se eral weeklies , claiming to be

v . v Baptist , ha e been issued for a time One or two papers ha e been published LITER ATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

“ at CaL for T H E A N E still . San Francisco , , a time , and EV G L is issued in There are two or three German Baptist papers issued the United States,

. i i n and one Swedish . A paper in French , by N Cyr , in Canada , c rculates

this country . The weekly press has proved itself an agency of wonderful efﬁciency in f u s promoting unity of doctrine , practice , and eeling among . It has done v to r v O ery much to make our principles known , emo e prejudices , disarm p

position , and secure the respect of the public . It is peculiarly an arm of

strength to Baptists , in their advocacy of pure Christianity . No portion of f i our literature has more elements of popular e ﬁciency , none seems l kely to

be more eff ective in the future .

A weekly religious newspaper is one of the modern wonders of the world . v ae n e w It is a uni ersal cyclop dia of things sacred and secular , and old , grave

and gay , in poetry and prose it treats of religion , literature , science , morals , of m v the concerns of state , of discoveries , i pro ements , inventions , of the arts ,

v . of patents , of disasters , ictories , and defeats Here it tells that the sources

m . of the Nile have been discovered , there of an improved sewing achine H ’ ere is a critique on Sir William Hamilton s Metaphysics , there a remedy

for baldness . I n this column you are treated to a grand description of the

v . starry hea ens , in that to a remedy for dyspepsia Here is a learned critique ’

e a for nd . on Tisch ndorf s manuscript , there cure corns a bunions What a v c i s perfect history of our social , religious , ci il , and e clesiastical l fe is tamped on the pages of these weekly journals " O ur publishing enterprises , to which we are indebted for m h uc of the success of our literature , deserve honorable m ention . The earliest Baptist publishing house in the Un it

S o f L d ma n d s ed tates was that incoln E . Mr . Ensign

L n s incoln , a ative of Hingham , Mas , formed a partnership

1 806 h Edm n d s A t a . in wit Thomas the death of Mr . L i n 1 88 2 incoln , , the partnership was dissolved , and on the 1 1 88 5 7th of Jan uary , , the concern passed into the hands of

K d L I n 1 85 . 0 Gould , en all incoln November , , Mr . K Li endall retired , and the ﬁrm became that of Gould n

coln .

. 1 8 00 Mr Lincoln set up for himself as a printer, in Boston , in , the first ’ H book he printed being a complete edition of Cowper s Poems . e also ’ d I n printed Johnson s Dictionary Abri ged , pearl type . He was a man of God , I e roa ch without p , the model of a Christian man of business , a licensed m preacher, abundant in labors , of who Mr . Buckingham , a journeyman f printer with him in the same o fice , says , that if all church members were a s n h e conscie tiously true to their professions as was , the millennial year ” would be rapidly approaching . His labors and influence were of inestimable v . m alue to our denominational literature The present firm , co posed of his son - i n - v i w . and son law , ha e well carr ed on the ork so nobly begun The cat L A N ITERATURE OF MERICA BAPTISTS .

alogue of their publications is their highest praise . This firm has won a very high position in the annals of liberal , useful , and sound literature . ’ “ I V a la n d s Of the works issued by Gould Lincoln , y Moral Science has ’ “ ” c e ies D reached a sale of p ; Malcom s Bible ictionary , ’ I V ork s Hugh Miller s , "of which Testimony of the Rocks “ ” “ Memoir of Ann H . Judson , Annual of Scientific ” ’ i A ZoOl Discovery , A mwell Stories , gassiz and Gould s " ogy , 8: v The firm of Manning Loring , of Boston , has also done worthy ser ice m i n to the sa e cause , but no means are at hand of giving their publications detail .

. Co . In New York , the house of L Colby , succeeded by that of Sheldon

St Co . . , have done and are doing a good work The Publication Society , lo c a ted v l d issemi in Philadelphia , ha e given a strong impulse , especial y to the

- n o f v . ation our de otional , tract , and Sunday school literature Publishers and booksellers are as n eedful as authors . We must not only make our own — w e . books , must put them in circulation A Christian publisher of high u aliﬁc a moral and religious aims , uniting superior gentlemanly and business q to v tions an ardent lo e of truth , may attain a position of usefulness , second ,

th e . perhaps , to no other in kingdom of Christ ’

8: Co . Of the works issued by Sheldon , Olshausen s Commentary , trans “ ” lated by Kendrick , has reached a sale of copies ; Grace Truman , ’ “ H “ Benedict s istory of the Baptists , Baptist Library , ’ “ ” ’ “ if . H Kendrick s L e of Emily C Judson , Phelps s oly

Land , It will thus be seen that Baptists have contributed more or A less to every department of English and merican literature . They have been the fast friends of good and liberal learning ; they have been foremost i n the cause of popular education they have contributed to the elegant and ornamental , in liter

the ature and the arts , as well as to substantial ; they have given the aid of their pens to all that elevates , ennobles , lib eraliz es n f , ador s , and sancti ies human nature . For the purposes of a comparative estimate of the litera

m a i n en ture of American Baptists , it y be grouped three g eral divisions First , that which relates to the spiritual con cerns of mankind , their duties to God and to each other , their common accountability and immortal welfare , as travel lers to the judgment- seat and the endless eternity beyond ;

S n eco d , that which relates to the civil , the social , the political concerns of men , and the rights , the liberties , the interests , la w the duties , the progress of the human race , as related to , LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

to magistracy , and to civil government ; T hird , that litera ture which r elates to the enlarging of the boundaries of h u o f man knowledge , the progress the human intellect in science

a nd n the arts of life , to the instructio of the young , the nour

is hin m g and discipline of the ind , the cultivation of the taste ,

the improvement of the heart , the purifying of social inter

course , and the general progress of the moral and social vir

tues among men . The characteristic of the first division is that it is preem — i neu tl S cri ura l y p t , that is , its premises , its assumptions ,

n S its ultimate authority, its to e and spirit , are haped to the

ha s n o t great idea that God spoken to men , only in the

works of creation and providence , but in a far more sacred V and authoritative oice , by Patriarchs , Prophets , Apostles ,

S on and , above all , by His , whom He hath appointed heir ” of all things , by whom also He made the worlds . The Di

vine inspiration , the supreme authority, the surpassing excel ff S t lence , the perfect su iciency of the crip ures for everything ’ pertaining to man s redemption , to the knowledge of duty , a nd l to the visible kingdom of God , constitute its cardina “ principle . Its motto is , If we receive the witness of men , t he witness of God is greater : for this is the Witness of God ” S on which He hath testiﬁed of His . The theology that pervades this literature is of the Atha

nasian , Augustinian , Calvinian type , though neither derived

n r f m n a l from o much in luenced by e or schools . Baptists S low no creed to stand between them and the criptures . No ’ articles of man s framing, as to doctrine or discipline , were

the ever made tests of good standing among them , in the

. Bi church or the ministry The Bible , the Bible alone , the

i n ble direct , in its most obvious mean ng, has ever bee the

n u one only authoritative sta dard . Each church draws p articles setting forth its tenets for the information of the

a n public , or for convenient reference , or adopts those of o r other church , none at all , according to its pleasure ; yet

all the doctrinal unity of our literature , in the absence of M LITERATURE OF A ERICAN BAPTISTS .

n ecclesiastical or sectarian barriers , is as early perfect as pos

sible . — Eq ually uniform is its teaching respecting the Church , its

n ature , design , constituent elements , polity , and government . S Conversion , as the work of the pirit , producing repentance ,

a n faith , and love , is the indispens ble qualiﬁcation of admissio

to its fellowship . No Baptist author ever advocated the re

ce tio n p of unregenerate persons , whether infants or adults . All maintai n that the Church is a spiritual affiliation for

spiritual ends . Its design is ever declared to be the p rogres n sive holiness of its members and the conversio of the world .

A s n baptism is the visible form of admissio to the Church ,

as well as of professing Christ , it is uniformly represented as w following conversion , and preceding church fello ship an d

i n o comm un on ; indeed , there is exception to this remark ,

A n worthy of note in merica Baptist literature . Robert Hall ,

in England , though holding the burial of believers in water d as the only baptism , yet advocated the isplacement of the t wo ordinances so far as to admit unbaptized person s to the L ’ ord s table . His theory has made no progress in this coun ‘ All m try . , of course , agree that the embers of a church

' u only have the rig/l l to its communion . The nseemly clamor that has been made by those that claim their entire sect as ” - belonging to their church , has induced a few ill instructed Baptists to seek a theory by which Baptist com munion tables

n also may be thrown ope to all who see ﬁt to come to them . ff The point a ects not the members of the church , but only w sojourners . The question is simply hether persons believed

m a to be pious , yet held to be unbaptized by the church , y ’ n o t be invited by courtesy to the Lord s table . Even on this

point , the concurrent voice of Baptist literature for restrict ing invitations to the Lord ’ s table if any church deems it — necess a ry to extend the m to members of churches of the

u t same faith and order , is more nearly a ni than that of any of the surrounding sects on points of vital importance to

their integrity .

N LITERATURE OF AMERICA BAPTISTS .

were held up as malcontents , aiming at the subversion of

u civil order , political brawlers , turning the world pside down w r u ith thei theories of nbridled liberty . Had they aimed at special political rewards , their literature would furnish proof

" S n of the fact . Can it be found In haping the ational policy under the old Congress , in the formation of the Na

tio na l S e m and tate constitutions , the Baptists wer the ost

a ll active , outspoken , and earnest of ; and their record , with ' i k n n s ow n a d . its glorious results , read of all men The fact that the Baptists were O ppressed and afﬂ icted

seeking toleration , availing themselves of the popular sym

fo r pathy , as a persecuted people , will not account this fact .

L a n The utherans , the Episcopalians , the Presbyteri s , the Con

re a ti o nalists a ll n g g , in turn , have bee persecuted ; yet they ff have each become persecutors , when opportunity o ered . The reason must be found i n the n ature of Baptist principles

b e themselves , out of which this literature has grown . It is cause that litera tu re ha s drawn its life directly from the pure ’ m be fountain of God s Word , not fro the mingled , turgid ,

n fouled streams of sectaria ambition , political strife , and m worldly dependence , that it has kept free fro this relic of

heathenism .

Cl V l l m And more than this , principles of freedo advocated

the by Baptists amid ﬁres of persecution , principles then de

n o u n ced as subversive of all government , of all true civil

a n o w and soci l order, are received as admitted maxims of

a n republic or democratic liberty and law . The natural equal

la w ity of all men before the , as before God ; the right to

- an d self government through constitutions, laws , magistrates ,

m a ordained by a jority of the people , that government ex i s tin g by the will of God and for the good of the governed the right of every one to the blessings of liberty and knowl

edge , are ideas inherent in Baptist principles as set forth in u their literat re . The benig n inﬂuence of these principles on the enslaved

i n Africans America is also seen . The nature of our church LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS . government rendered it impossible that any ecclesiastical rule a forbidding slaveholding , such as the Methodists , the Qu kers , and some Presbyterians have enacted only to be broken ,

S t hould be adopted . The subjec was therefore left to the

n u several churches , and to the i divid al conscience of each

member . Great numbers of slaves have been gathered into

n a li independent Baptist churches , gover ed by their own pp m a s catio n of the law of Christ . Many Baptists have been

few S ters of slaves , yet have defended lavery as right ; while

the great majority of them have opposed it , or submitted to

. it as an evil , to be borne till a change could be made The literature belon ging to the third division is character

i z ed S . I V hether by trength , purity , and moral earnestness w h scientiﬁc , classical , or general literature , it has al ays a hig V n aim . ery little of it is desig ed merely to instruct the intellect ; less still m erely to please ; none to inﬂuence the

passions at the expense of good morals . If the cross of Christ and the salvation of the s on] he not the direct aim in

n t ai m I S s u bs er this portio of Baptis literature , the always i m v . ient to these ends Nothing corrupt in doctrine , or of

moral tendency , is found in it . A large amount of literature of this class has been pro

d uced u by authors who , tho gh they received their early nur

ture in Baptist families , and listened to the truth from Baptist

u h e . pulpits , have not nited t emselves to our church s Though

this is not reckoned as a part of our literature , it has grown

u t n o of the inﬂuence of Baptist principles a d institutions .

n i nﬂ u Its vigorous , liberal , stimulati g spirit has been widely

n tial n e in the political and social life of the U ited S tates . O n a comparison of our literature with that which has sprung from the S tate religious establishments of Europe S and the church sects of the United tates , some disparities

will be observed . Baptists have produced no long , minute , t dispu ative creeds , or confessions of faith , like those of the

s ec tS —ffi Protestant , a rming , denying, and deﬁning what men

must believe , as if belief of dogmatic doctrine could save the 58 4 58 LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

' soul , or preserve the true faith in the world . They have pro d u ced few elaborate treatises on scientiﬁc , scholastic , and m etaphysical theology , though they have made valuable con trib u tio ns to theological science . Nor have they produced works of extensive research in the s o - called department of

n ecclesiastical history . The reaso is , we have little need or u s e for such works , though a true history of primitive Chris ’ tia n it m L y , fro the close of uke s history , in the Acts of the A A . S postles, is greatly to be desired the residuum of the conﬂicts of truth with error through the centuries past , with here and there a gem worth preserving , they are valuable to u s a ti en t ' toil . We admire the learning , the ability , the p m shown in these mighty to es , as we admire a vast ancient ’ m ruin ; though , for the purposes of man s redemption fro

Sin to God , they are scarcely more useful than would be the

Pyram ids for modern dwellings . From these monuments

' r b u ilt b S - - b of lea ning, y tate paid , creed ound theologians , in n m a the i terest of systems largely mingled with error , we y take here and there a fragment , as the stones of the Pyra mids are carried off to build useful structures . What end

- a n d have those long drawn creeds yet served , but to distract divide those who use them "4 To what better purpose can we n put the most lear ed , candid , and truthful works of ecclesias h tical history , than by digging among the rubbis to exhume the beautiful form of primitive Christianity " What por tions so u seful as their confessions and retractions "

i n d It is the epartments of Biblical exegesis , of practical religion , of useful knowledge , of missionary biography and

h . O istory , that our literature is richest ur polemic literature ff . O is small in compass , but very e ective urs is emphatically

\ a living literature ; for our church principles , our doctrines , polity , and government never change ; they are the same from age to age only our manner of teaching the m and of refuting opponents changes . V ff h ery di erent is it wit the sects around us , who add to and take from the teachings of the S criptures . Compare the LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

literature of the various Pedo - Baptist bodies in the United S tates , for the last ﬁfty years , with that of their parent sects ,

S u ow n the tate ch rches of Europe , or with their earlier teach

i n m ings this country , and note their widening divergence fro

their fo rm er o n u n grounds , s ch points as the toleratio of all b religious opinions , li erty of speech and of the press , the S support of religion by the tate , the right of private j udg

u m ment , nlimited freedo of worship , infant church member m ship , the obligations of infant baptism , baptis al regenera a e tion , gr ce through the sacraments , the valu and necessity S of being born of the pirit , for proofs of the rapid strides

n which they have made towards us , while our positio remains

unchanged . In thus tracing the direction s in which our recorded

n n thoughts have bee ﬂowing , the inﬂuence of our foreig f . missionary , enterprise on our literature is very mani est

That literature could not have been what it is , without our

Foreign Missions . Their reﬂex inﬂuence on all branches of

ha s n our religious an d educational movement , bee traced by

b an d m ha other s . That the issionary spirit s powerfully m stimulated our literary activity , while our issionary labors have thrown much‘ light on the history of the early conﬂicts h of Christianity wit heathenism , and even on the meaning S of some passages in the criptures , cannot be doubted .

O a n the whole , while Baptists have done nothing to bo st of, this survey of our literature shows , that , in the depart m ent of letters , where they might be supposed to be specially deﬁcient , they have no cause to be ashamed . The wonder is ,

S O w that they have done so much and ell , while emerging ' from the furnace of persecution and the b rick - kiln of o p pres s iOn into the pure light and the bracing air of A merican liberty . The value of literature is not in proportion to its i n W quantity , but its power for good . hat we have done

ﬁrs t - m is valuable as the fruits , the earnest of the co ing harvest . Enough has been done to show ho w favorable are Baptist LITERATURE OF AMERICAN BAPTISTS .

l ideas to literary culture and intellectua activity . He m ust l be a bold reviler of truth , or a very stupid bigot , who wil

h f m i n now reproac Baptists as an illiterate people , or af ir ,

V iew of our literary progress thus far , that our principles or

practices are unfavorable to the cause of soun d learning , or

to the graces of literary excellence . O ur freedom from

i n ecclesiastical trammels manifests itself our literature , as

w ell as in our popular growth . We do not greatly recruit t our ranks from the rich , the cul ivated , or the reﬁned ; and intellectual and literary culture among us is the fruit of in

n ﬂ ue ces that gro w out of the truths which we hold . Y et the doctrinal unity of our literature is a power for the suppression of error greater than all creeds and canons t and standards , with all heir ecclesiastical machinery to set

them in motion The locusts have no king , yet go they h fort all of them by bands so , without Pope , or Bishop ,

or Presbytery , or governing Conference , or any power above

in the churches but their common Head , we are one people ,

all that is essential to harmony of thought and action , more nearly than any other Christian denomination of equal extent i n ca n the land ; nor any other , with the use of all its creeds ,

n its standards , its cano laws , and ecclesiastical appliances , so

surely , so speedily , or with so little hurt to the people of God ,

n put down da gerous heresy , when it issues from the press , as can the Baptists of these United States . I n concluding this brief and very imperfect survey of o ur

- u half century literature , the conviction must force itself pon

n our minds , that we have only begu to comprehend the power of the pen and the press to refute error , to promote reoc correct thinking , to stimulate intellectual activity , to p ’ c u u py the minds of the yo ng , and to extend the Redeemer s I t fi t a n kingdom . is that we here and now erect enduring

- n S . monume t , as a way mark to those who hall come after us

L et le t u s the work go on ; , let our sons who come after us , highly appreciate and liberally encourage the labors of the

Let u t w pen . a bea tiful column rise alof , orthy the broad M LITERATURE OF A ERICAN BAPTISTS . and ﬁrm foundation laid by our English fathers ; worthy the noble martyrs of soul liberty o n American soil ; worthy the perfect freedom and the abundant blessings which are our A n d l happy birthright . may the pen that S hal write u p our li terary history of the next half- century have a still better account to give of the literary achievements of the sons who will rise up to take the place of the fathers .