God Thought: Two Approaches
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An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: on the Road to a Theology of Social Justice
Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 1980 An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: On the Road to a Theology of Social Justice Robert F.J. Gmeindl Wilfrid Laurier University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Gmeindl, Robert F.J., "An Examination of Personal Salvation in the Theology of North American Evangelicalism: On the Road to a Theology of Social Justice" (1980). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 1421. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1421 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT AN EXAMINATION OF PERSONAL SALVATION IN THE THEOLOGY OF NORTH AMERICAN EVANGELICALISM: ON THE ROAD TO A THEOLOGY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE by Robert F.J. Gmeindl The question under consideration is the effect of the belief in personal salvation on the theology of North American Evangelicalism, for the purpose of developing a theology of social justice. This study is a preliminary investigation of the history of Evangelical individualism and the potential influence that individualism might have on Evangelical theology. Certain trends toward isolation and separation, as well as a tendency to neglect what I have called systemic evil, are examined to see how they may result from the Evangelical stress on individualism. -
The Trinity in Contemporary Theology: Questioning the Social Trinity Norman Metzler
Volume 67:3/4 July/October 2003 Table of Contents Eugene F. A. Klug (1917-2003)........................ 195 The Theological Symposia of Concordia Theological Seminary (2004) .................................... 197 Introduction to Papers from the 2003 LCMS Theological Professors' Convocation L. Dean Hempelmann ......................... 200 Confessing the Trinitarian Gospel Charles P. Arand ........................ 203 Speaking of the Triune God: Augustine, Aquinas, and the Language of Analogy John F. Johnson ......................... 215 Returning to Wittenberg: What Martin Luther Teaches Today's Theologians on the Holy Trinity David Lumpp .......................... 228 The Holy Trinity and Our Lutheran Liturgy Timothy Maschke ....................... 241 3; The Trinity in Contemporary Theology: P $ Questioning the Social Trinity 3 P Norman Metzler ........................ 270 a ? Teaching the Trinity ! David P. Meyer ......................... 288 11 The Bud Has Flowered: Trinitarian Theology I in the New Testament Michael Middendorf ..................... 295 The Challenge of Confessing and Teaching the Trinitarian Faith in the Context of Religious Pluralism A. R. Victor Raj ......................... 308 The Doctrine of the Trinity in Biblical Perspective David P. Scaer .......................... 323 Trinitarian Reality as Christian Truth: Reflections on Greek Patristic Discussion William C. Weinrich ..................... 335 The Biblical Trinitarian Narrative: Reflections on Retrieval Dean 0.Wenthe ........................ 347 Theological -
"Breaking Ground" a Look at the Impact of the Cappadocian Fathers on the Establishment of the Doctrine of the Holy
Verbum Volume 7 Issue 1 Article 11 December 2009 "Breaking Ground" A look at the Impact of the Cappadocian Fathers on the Establishment of the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit During the Transition Between the Council of Nigeria (325) and the Council of Constantinople (381). Frederick J. Flo St. John Fisher College Follow this and additional works at: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum Part of the Religion Commons How has open access to Fisher Digital Publications benefited ou?y Recommended Citation Flo, Frederick J. (2009) ""Breaking Ground" A look at the Impact of the Cappadocian Fathers on the Establishment of the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit During the Transition Between the Council of Nigeria (325) and the Council of Constantinople (381).," Verbum: Vol. 7 : Iss. 1 , Article 11. Available at: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum/vol7/iss1/11 This document is posted at https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum/vol7/iss1/11 and is brought to you for free and open access by Fisher Digital Publications at St. John Fisher College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "Breaking Ground" A look at the Impact of the Cappadocian Fathers on the Establishment of the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit During the Transition Between the Council of Nigeria (325) and the Council of Constantinople (381). Abstract In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph. "At the center of Christian dogma lies the worship of the Holy Trinity. Naturally, with every central focus comes controversy. Throughout history, the interpretation of the Trinity has created a tremendous amount of debate. -
Creation and God As One, Creator, and Trinity in Early Theology Through Augustine and Its Theological Fruitfulness in the 21St Century
Creation and God as One, Creator, and Trinity in Early Theology through Augustine and Its Theological Fruitfulness in the 21st Century Submitted by Jane Ellingwood to the University of Exeter as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology in September 2015 This dissertation is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the dissertation may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this dissertation which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: _________Jane Ellingwood _________________________ 2 Abstract My primary argument in this thesis is that creation theologies significantly influenced early developments in the doctrine of the Trinity, especially in Augustine of Hippo’s theology. Thus this is a work of historical theology, but I conclude with proposals for how Augustine’s theologies of creation and the Trinity can be read fruitfully with modern theology. I critically analyse developments in trinitarian theologies in light of ideas that were held about creation. These include the doctrine of creation ‘out of nothing’ and ideas about other creative acts (e.g., forming or fashioning things). Irenaeus and other early theologians posited roles for God (the Father), the Word / Son, the Spirit, or Wisdom in creative acts without working out formal views on economic trinitarian acts. During the fourth century trinitarian controversies, creation ‘out of nothing’ and ideas about ‘modes of origin’ influenced thinking on consubstantiality and relations within the Trinity. -
The Nature of Atonement in the Theology of Jacobus Arminius
JETS 53/4 (December 2010) 773–85 THE NATURE OF ATONEMENT IN THE THEOLOGY OF JACOBUS ARMINIUS j. matthew pinson* Jacobus Arminius is one of the best known and least studied theologians in the history of Christianity. His writings have been neglected by Calvinists and Arminians alike. Calvinists have disliked him because of his opposition to scholastic predestinarian theology. Most Arminians have neglected him because what little they have read of him reminds them more of Calvinism than they like. Arminius scholar Carl Bangs is correct when he says that most modern treatments of Arminius assume a definition of Arminianism that does not come from Arminius. Bangs states that most interpreters of Arminianism begin with a preconception of what Arminius should be expected to say, then look in his published works, and do not find exactly what they are looking for. They show impatience and disappointment with his Calvinism, and shift the inquiry into some later period when Arminianism turns out to be what they are looking for—a non-Calvinistic, synergistic, and perhaps semi-Pelagian system.1 This is the approach many scholars have taken toward Arminius regard- ing his doctrine of atonement. For example, the Calvinist scholar Robert L. Reymond has said that the Arminian theory of atonement is the governmental theory, which “denies that Christ’s death was intended to pay the penalty for sin.” He claims that the governmental theory’s “germinal teachings are in Arminius.”2 Similarly, well-known Wesleyan-Arminian scholar James K. Grider states: “A spillover from Calvinism into Arminianism has occurred in recent decades. -
Trinitarian' Pneumatology in the New Testament? -Towards An
'TRINITARIAN' PNEUMATOLOGY IN THE NEW TESTAMENT?-ToWARDS AN EXPLANATION OF THE WORSHIP OF JESUS ... MAx TURNER. Members of the British New Testarnent Society have spent considerable time and energy on the important questions of when, how and why Jesus came to be worshipped as God.' Very much less time has been spent on the status of the Spirit, and a trawl through the massive secondary literature of our discipline catches rela tively few relevant fish. There are I think at least two obvious explanations for this. One is what Professor Hurtado has called 'the binitarian shape of early Christian worship' - that is, it appears that in the apostolic church cultic veneration was offered to the Father and to the Son, but not apparently to the Spirit.2 We have to wait for the 2nd Century Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah (9.33-36) before we encounter worship addressed to the Spirit. Second, debates about the personhood of the Spirit are understood to be secondary to and even largely parasitic on the Christo logical debates. One first settles the question of the divinity of Jesus, this establishes the all important principle of plurality within the unity of God; then one can set about the relatively minor mopping up operation with respect to the Spirit. Arthur Wainwright comments: The Spirit seems to have been included in the doctrine of God almost as an afterthought about which men had no strong feelings, either favourable or hostile'.] Wainwright was speaking, of course, about Patristic developments, but one could apply it (mutatis mutandis) to NT scholarship. -
A Too-Future Eschatology? the Limits of the Phenomenology of Liturgy in Jean-Yves Lacoste
Open Theology 2019; 5: 386–402 Phenomenology of Religious Experience III: Visuality, Imagination, and the Lifeworld Jan Černý* A Too-Future Eschatology? The Limits of the Phenomenology of Liturgy in Jean-Yves Lacoste https://doi.org/10.1515/opth-2019-0028 Received May 04, 2019; accepted September 06, 2019 Abstract: The article first outlines Jean-Yves Lacoste’s phenomenological description of “liturgy”, i.e. the encounter between God and the human being. It argues that Lacoste’s rejection of the religious apriori on the side of the human being and emphasis on God’s transcendence and otherness leads to decontextualization of the experience of Christian faith, as his strongly future eschatology does not allow for the real transformation of both the individual and social lives of believers. In the second step, the article gives two counterexamples to Lacoste’s attitude that represent an attempt to recontextualize the experience of Christian faith within concrete historical and cultural coordinates. The examples come from the work of American theologian William Cavanaugh and Czech philosopher Robert Kalivoda, whose focus lies in the hermeneutics of a sacramental experience and the question of the history-making of Christian faith. Cavanaugh recontextualizes the understanding of the sacramental experience in terms of globalization. Kalivoda interprets the transformation of Christian eschatological ideas into a program of real social changes with special attention devoted to the Hussite revolution of the 15th century and the Hussite conception of the Lord’s Supper. The article concludes that Kalivoda’s emphasis on present eschatology stands in opposition to Lacoste’s emphasis on future eschatology, whereas Cavanaugh holds a middle position with balanced emphasis on both poles of Christian eschatology. -
We Believe in One God, the Father, the Almighty, Maker of Heaven and Earth, of All That Is Seen and Unseen
NICENE CREED (Professed at Sunday Mass) We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, of all that is seen and unseen. We believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father; God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God; begotten not made, one in being with the Father. Through Him all things were made. For us men and for our salvation He came down from heaven. By the power of the Holy Spirit He was born of the Virgin Mary and became man. For our sake He was crucified under Pontius Pilate. He suffered, died, and was buried. On the third day He rose again, in fulfillment of the Scriptures. He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and His kingdom will have no end. We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the Giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son. With the Father and the Son He is worshipped and glorified. He has spoken through the prophets. We believe in one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen. APOSTLE'S CREED (used with the holy rosary) I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. -
The Place and the Theological Significance of God the Father in the Communion of the Holy Trinity According to Dumitru Stăniloae and Jürgen Moltmann 1
Ioan Tulcan The place and the theological significance of God the Father in the Communion of the Holy Trinity according to Dumitru Stăniloae and Jürgen Moltmann 1 Abstract THE AUTHOR The study presents, comparatively, some theological considerations regarding Jürgen Moltmann’s and Dumitru Stăniloae’s views concerning the place and the significance of God the Father and of the Holy Trinity. The German theologian J. Moltmann rediscovered in Western theology a new appreciation for a teaching considered by some contemporaries and predecessors as being unimportant for theology and for the life of the Church and of the world. On the opposite side, Dumitru Prof. Dr. Ioan Tulcan is Professor of Systematic Stăniloae showed that the Holy Trinity Theology at the Orthodox represents a kind of revolution for human Theological Faculty of the University “Aurel Vlaicu” in thinking, with not only soteriological and Arad, Romania 1 This article was presented during the International Symposium “ God the Father and the life of the Holy Trinity ”, Bucureşti, 15-17 octombrie, 2009 urn:nbn:de:0276-2011-2115 International Journal of Orthodox Theology 2:2 (2011) 161 ecclesiological consequences but also philosophical, cultural and social ones. The Romanian theologian brings a completely new theory with his bold ideas, which are in consonance with the major assertions of the Eastern Fathers regarding the Holy Trinity; however, they are arranged in a new language more accessible for contemporaries. He discovered the beauty and the depth of the mystery of the Holy Trinity in the light of an eternal love and kindness which are inseparable from the eternal Father, who has an eternal Son and with whom He is united in the joy and light of the Holy Ghost. -
Christian Theology, 3Rd Edition Baker Academic, a Division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by Permission
C H R I S T I A N THEOLOGY THIRD EDITION MILLARD J. ERICKSON K Millard Erickson, Christian Theology, 3rd Edition Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by permission. (Unpublished manuscript—copyright protected Baker Publishing Group) Erickson_ChrTheol3ded_RH_djm.indd iii 5/2/13 2:54 PM © 1983, 1998, 2013 by Millard Erickson Published by Baker Academic a division of Baker Publishing Group P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287 www.bakeracademic.com Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Erickson, Millard J. Christian theology / Millard J. Erickson. — 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8010-3643-9 (cloth) 1. Theology, Doctrinal. I. Title. BT75.3.E725 2013 230—dc23 2012042213 Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com Scripture quotations labeled NIV 1984 are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Millard Erickson, Christian Theology, 3rd Edition Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 1983, 1998, 2013 Used by permission. -
God the Father - Spring of Everlasting Love and Life Trinitarian Impulses for a Culture of Peace and Healing Communication
Daniel Munteanu God the Father - Spring of everlasting love and life Trinitarian impulses for a culture of peace and healing communication Abstract Belief in the Holy Trinity as an essential sign of Christian identity leads to a certain life style and promotes a culture of peace, of justice and of love. The apophatic dimension of the doctrine of God shows that God remains an absolute mystery which does not allow us a hierarchical understanding of him. In this article I would like to examine the soteriological meaning of the doctrine of God, the trinitarian concept of person and the trinitarian dimension of the Father. God surpasses every relation, so that the Son and the Holy Spirit coexist eternally with the Father and stand THE AUTHOR beyond every causality. God the Father is a distinct Hypostasis with personal, unmis- takable identity, in an absolute unity of being with the Son and the Holy Spirit. Although the Father is called the spring of the Trinity, the Son and the Holy Spirit always exist with and in the Father. One would be able even to speak about an ontological “dependence” of the Father on the Son, because He would not be a Father without Him. Without the Son, the Father would have neither Logos, nor Sophia, Assist. Prof. Dr. habil. Daniel nor Dynamis, nor Eikon or Apaugasma Munteanu is Assistant Professor at Otto Friedrich University of (radiance – Heb 1.3). Bamberg urn:nbn:de:0276-2010-1180 International Journal of Orthodox Theology 1:1 (2010) 149 Consequently, there is no subordination in the Trinity, but absolutely the same dignity belongs to each trinitarian person. -
What Is Classical Arminianism?
SEEDBED SHORTS Kingdom Treasure for Your Reading Pleasure Copyright 2014 by Roger E. Olson All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without prior written permission, except for brief quotations in critical reviews or articles. uPDF ISBN: 978-1-62824-162-4 3 ABOUT THE AUTHOR Roger E. Olson Roger Olson is a Christian theologian of the evangelical Baptist persuasion, a proud Arminian, and influenced by Pietism. Since 1999 he has been the Foy Valentine Professor of Christian Theology of Ethics at George W. Truett Theological Seminary of Baylor University. Before joining the Baylor community he taught at Bethel College (now Bethel University) in St. Paul, Minnesota. He graduated from Rice University (PhD in Religious Studies) and North American Baptist Seminary (now Sioux Falls Seminary). During the mid-1990s he served as editor of Christian Scholar’s Review and has been a contributing editor of Christianity Today for several years. His articles have appeared in those publications as well as in Christian Century, Theology Today, Dialog, Scottish Journal of Theology, and many other religious and theological periodicals. Among his published works are: 20th Century Theology (co-authored with the late Stanley J. Grenz), The Story of Christian Theology, The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology, Arminian Theology, Reformed and Always Reforming, and Against Calvinism. He enjoys