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Global Adult Tobacco Survey (Gats) Malaysia 2011

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Global Adult Tobacco Survey (Gats) Malaysia 2011 MINISTRY OF HEALTH CENTERS FOR DISEASE MALAYSIA CONTROL AND PREVENTION INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC WORLD HEALTH HEALTH ORGANIZATION GLOBAL ADULT TOBACCO SURVEY (GATS) MALAYSIA 2011 MALAYSIA-2012 Copyright © Institute for Public Health, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, 2012. All right reserved This work is copyright. Institute for Public Health welcomes requests for permission to reproduce this publication in whole or in part. Applications and inquiries should be addressed to the Principal Investigator, Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Malaysia 2011, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. ISBN: 978-963-3887-72-9 Suggested citation: Institute for Public Health (IPH). Report of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Malaysia, 2011, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 2012. Produced and Distributed by: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Malaysia 2011 Institute for Public Health National Institute of Health Ministry of Health Jalan Bangsar 50590 Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA Tel: +603-22979400 Fax: +603-22823114 Any enquiries about or comments on this report should be directed to: Helen Tee Guat Hiong Principal Investigator Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Malaysia 2011 Institute for Public Health National Institute of Health Ministry of Health Jalan Bangsar 50590 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Published by Institute for Public Health, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. This research project was partly sponsored by the World Health Organization. (Project No: HQTFI1003729) Contributors Helen Tee Guat Hiong Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff Sukhvinder Singh Zarihah Zain Lim Kuang Hock Gurpreet Kaur Tahir Aris Teh Chien Huey Chan Ying Ying Nabilla Al-Sadat Abdul Mohsein Zanariah Zaini Ummi Nadiah Yusoff Mohd Azahadi Omar Nor Kamilah Nasrir Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed Munshi Abdullah Balkish Mahadir Naidu i CONTENTS Page No. Contributors ................................................................................................................................................. i Foreword .................................................................................................................................................... vii Preface ...................................................................................................................................................... viii Congratulatory Letter ................................................................................................................................ ix Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... xi Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................. xii 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Tobacco Control in Malaysia ....................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Burden of Tobacco Use in Malaysia ........................................................................................... 6 1.3 Survey Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 7 2. Methodology ........................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Study Population ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Sampling Design ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Questionnaire .............................................................................................................................. 8 2.4 Programming of the Questionnaire and the Preparation of Handheld Computers ................... 10 2.5 Data Collection .......................................................................................................................... 10 2.6 Statistical Analysis .................................................................................................................... 12 3. Sample and Population Characteristics ......................................................................................... 14 3.1 Household and Person-Level Response Rate .......................................................................... 14 3.2 Sample and Population Characteristics .................................................................................... 14 4. Tobacco Use ...................................................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Tobacco Smoking ..................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 Smokeless Tobacco .................................................................................................................. 19 4.3 The Prevalence of Various Smoked Tobacco Products ........................................................... 19 4.4 Number of Users of Various Smoked Tobacco Products ......................................................... 24 4.5 Frequency of Smoking .............................................................................................................. 28 4.6 Number of Manufactured Cigarettes Smoked per Day ............................................................. 32 4.7 Average Age at Initiation of Daily Smoking and Distribution of Initial Age ................................ 34 4.8 Prevalence of Former Daily Smoking and the Quit Ratio ......................................................... 36 4.9 Time Since Quitting Smoking .................................................................................................... 38 4.10 Prevalence of Current Tobacco Users by Type of Use ............................................................ 40 4.11 Time to First Smoke After Awakening ....................................................................................... 42 4.12 Shisha Smoking ........................................................................................................................ 44 4.13 Electronic Cigarettes ................................................................................................................. 44 ii 5. Cessation ........................................................................................................................................... 45 5.1 Attempts to Quit Smoking and Receipt of Advice to Quit from Health Care Providers............. 45 5.2 Cessation Methods Used by Those Who Attempted to Quit Smoking ..................................... 47 5.3 Interest in Quitting Smoking ..................................................................................................... 49 6. Secondhand Smoke .......................................................................................................................... 51 6.1 Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in the Workplace ................................................................. 51 6.2 Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home ............................................................................... 52 6.3 Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Public Places ................................................................... 54 7. Economics ......................................................................................................................................... 61 7.1 Brand of Manufactured Cigarettes at Last Purchase ................................................................ 61 7.2 Source of Last Purchase of Cigarettes ..................................................................................... 62 7.3 Expenditures on Cigarettes ....................................................................................................... 65 9. Media .................................................................................................................................................. 67 8.1 Noticing Anti-cigarette Information ............................................................................................ 67 8.2 Awareness of the “Tak Nak” Anti-smoking Campaign .............................................................. 71 8.3 Health Warnings on Cigarette Packages and Thinking About Quitting .................................... 73 8.4 Thinking About the Health Risks of Smoking from Seeing Health Warnings ........................... 75 8.5 Effect of Health Warnings on the Prevention of Smoking ......................................................... 77 8.6 Adults Who Noticed Cigarette Marketing .................................................................................. 79 9. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions ......................................................................................... 84 9.1 Belief That Smoking Causes Serious Illness and Various Specific Diseases .......................... 84 9.2 Levels of Belief That Breathing Other People's Smoke Causes Serious Illness in Non- Smokers .................................................................................................................................... 91 9.3 Support for Prohibiting Indoor Smoking in Various Places ......................................................
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