Winter 2004 Volume 69, Number 1 ΦΒΚ Howard and Fisk Anniversaries In This Issue Recall Their Historic Significance From the Secretary ...... 2 Professors of the Year ...... 2 The Phi Beta Kappa chapters at demic recognition.” The inductees Tips for Chapters ...... 3 Howard University and Fisk University that day were two distinguished alum- Initiation Speech: Judy Owen ...... 5 celebrated their 50th anniversaries in ni members: Fred Alsup, a physician Joseph Epstein Honored ...... 5 November at a reception hosted by and biologist, and historian John How to Reach Associations ...... 6 ΦΒΚ Secretary John Churchill on the Hope Franklin, then a professor at Delaware Valley Association ...... 6 Howard campus in Washington, D.C. Howard and a future Phi Beta Kappa They were the first historically black Society president. Among Our Key People: educational institutions to be awarded The Times reported that the presi- William Gottlieb ...... 8 charters by the Society. dent of Emory University presided at From Our Book Critics ...... 10 The event also was attended by rep- the ceremony, with Fisk’s president, Letters to the Editor ...... 14 resentatives of the chapters at More- Charles Johnson, participating. At that ΦΒΚ in the News ...... 16 house College, established in 1968, time Johnson also was a U.S. delegate and Spelman College, the newest at a to UNESCO. Johnson noted that predominantly black institution, Fisk, founded in 1866, was the first authorized by the Triennial Council in black university to be accredited by the Three Authors 1997. Association of American Universities. In reporting the installation cere- A Times editorial two days later said Receive Society’s mony of Fisk’s chapter on April 4, of the Society and Fisk: “Each is an 1953, The New York Times called the honor to the other … A chapter of Phi Book Awards school “the first Negro institution of Beta Kappa at Fisk ought to be no higher education to receive this aca- CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 Winners of the Phi Beta Kappa Book Awards for 2003 were announced last month in Washington, D.C., during the winter meeting of the ΦΒΚ Senate. The annual awards rec- ognize outstanding books in the social sciences, the humanities, and the natu- ral sciences and mathematics. All the winners, each of whom received $2,500, were selected by committees of scholars in their disciplines. David Freedberg was honored for “The Eye of the Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, and the Beginnings of Modern Natural History,” published by the University of Chicago Press. He received the Ralph Waldo Emerson Award in the Social Sciences, estab- Presidents of four Phi Beta Kappa chapters participated in the 50th anniversary celebra- lished in 1960. That committee con- tion in Washington, D.C. From left: Curtis Clark of Morehouse, Estelle Finley of sidered 42 books nominated by 29 Spelman, Lorenzo Morris of Howard, and Princilla Evans of Fisk. CONTINUED ON PAGE 4

Winter 2004 1 From the Secretary place is the same as any other. Similarly useless would be a map pur- porting to represent the location of a What Do You Think? single island in such a featureless sea. We know nothing about where any- By John Churchill thing is until we know its relation to Secretary, The Phi Beta Kappa Society other things—at what distance it lies from what else and in what direction, and approachable only through which One of the small pleasures of life for like a grimace or a groan. But if there’s obstacles. some of us lies in pondering the strange a topic before us and you haven’t So when I ask, “How do you think misfires of meaning in ordinary lan- shown your hand, I’ll ask, “What do about this?” I’m really asking you to guage. In a recent airport conversation, you think?” situate your view relative to some rec- I mentioned that I was taking a non- And yet, what I probably really ognized landmarks. And for this to be stop flight. My friend pointed out that mean is something more like: “How possible, there must be some land- a real nonstop flight would not be a do you think about this?” Of course, I marks. Therefore, I’m happy to say good thing. The best flights are the ones do want to know what your opinion is. that, in asking for your views on the that stop once—at your destination. But frankly I’m more likely to be inter- value of education in the liberal arts This may strike you as smirky quib- ested—unless we’re just voting—in and sciences, Phi Beta Kappa can pro- bling, like the remark that it isn’t the fall learning how you go about thinking vide some landmarks. Results from last that kills you; it’s the sudden stop at the about it. I want to know the cartogra- year’s Conversations are now posted on end. But sometimes attending to literal phy of your thinking. our website. At http://www.pbk.org, meanings, when they’re buried beneath In his immortal “The Hunting of you can access David Alexander’s sum- the familiarity of usage, can turn up the Snark,” Lewis Carroll has the mary and comments on the something interesting. Bellman introduce a map consisting of Conversations, as well as the formal If I inquire about your thoughts out nothing but open ocean. Despite the responses to his remarks. All this was of the blue, I’ll ask, “What are you crew’s delight in “a map they could all presented in Seattle last August at the thinking?” I might also say this if understand,” this map is perfectly use- 40th Triennial Council. you’ve given me some nonverbal clue, less. There’s nothing on it, and one CONTINUED ON PAGE 13

Phi Beta Kappa Event Salutes U.S. Professors of the Year for 2003

Four award-winning professors were honored by the The sponsors are the Council for the Advancement and Phi Beta Kappa Society at a Washington, D.C., reception Support of Education (CASE) and the Carnegie Foun- in November. They were in the capital to receive $5,000 dation for the Advancement of Teaching. awards as 2003 U.S. Professors of the Year. Created in Two of the winners are ΦΒΚ members: Edward Ayers, 1981, these are the only national awards that specifically professor of history and dean of the College of Arts and recognize dedication to undergraduate teaching and com- Sciences at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, mitment to students. who was nominated in the category of doctoral and research universities; and Thomas Goodwin, professor of chemistry at Hendrix College in Conway, Ark., in the bac- calaureate colleges category. The other winners were Patty Hale, professor of nursing at Lynchburg College in Lynchburg, Va., in the master’s universities and colleges category; and Paris Svoronos, pro- fessor of chemistry at CUNY Queensborough Community College in Bayside, N.Y., in the community colleges catego- ry. There were 400 nominees for the awards. Forty-three professors were named state-level winners. Andrew Carnegie founded the Carnegie Foundation in 1905. CASE is the world’s largest international association U.S. Professors of the Year, from left: Paris Svoronos, Edward Ayers, of educational institutions, serving 3,200 schools, colleges, Patty Hale, and Thomas Goodwin. Award sponsors are the and universities in 46 countries. It offers resources for pro- Council for the Advancement and Support of Education and the fessional development, fundraising, communications, and Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. alumni relations.

2 The Key Reporter he national office of the Phi Chapters Get Tips at Triennial Session Beta Kappa Society has Tmoved into its new head- quarters. The address is 1606 New Editor’s note: Neal Burdick is publications editor at St. Lawrence University and Hampshire Ave. NW, Washington past president of the Phi Beta Kappa chapter there. He first learned of the Society as DC 20009. The phone number at a child when he asked his grandfather about that square gold thing on his watch fob. the reception desk is unchanged: Burdick thanks Phil Johnson for his help in compiling the material for this article. (202) 265-3808. The fax number also remains the same: (202) 986- 1601. By Neal Burdick they’ve never heard of ΦΒΚ, it’s understandable that one of the most “My chapter doesn’t do anything!” popular small-group sessions at the committee assignments. Make a point “Some students we elect say, ‘Phi Beta 40th Triennial Council in Seattle was of inviting newcomers to be active in Kappa? Is that a frat house?’” “Tips from Award-Winning Chapters: the chapter. Many of us have heard these and What Made Them Successful.” • Make sure that faculty service in similar indications that our Phi Beta Moderated by Senator Allison ΦΒΚ counts toward tenure and pro- Kappa chapters are not as visible as we Blakely of Boston University, the ses- motion. would like them to be. And given that sion was led by Philip Johnson of • Sponsor a ΦΒΚ essay contest, with a number of electees are declining to Baylor University and Senator Kurt faculty members as judges. accept initiation, probably because Olsson of the University of Idaho, • Ask faculty members to inform the whose chapters won recognition at the chapter of outstanding student work. Triennial banquet. It entailed a lively • Create a letterhead for stationery. THE KEY REPORTER discussion of ideas for steps that can Host annual activities with high visi- Volume 69, Number 1 reinvigorate chapters and enable them, bility, and cosponsor some with organi- Winter 2004 as one participant said, to “impact the zations and departments that relate to ΦΒΚ Editor: Barbara Haddad Ryan intellectual life on campus.” Most the aims of . Some examples: involve varying investments of time –Organize more than one initiation Consulting Editor: John Churchill and energy, and some require the coop- ceremony. The Key Reporter (ISSN: 0023-0804) is eration of others. Here are the principal –Invite parents of initiates, key admin- published quarterly by the Phi Beta suggestions, in no particular order: istrators, et al., to the banquet. Kappa Society, 1606 New Hampshire • Cultivate institutional support, espe- –Sponsor a Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Ave. NW, Washington DC 20009. cially financial. If an institution cannot Scholar. Periodicals postage is paid at cover the cost of the certificate, key, –Present a faculty lecture. Washington, D.C., and at additional addresses. IPM #1213423 and initiation banquet, ask alumni and –Present a symposium on the mean- ΦΒΚ members in the community if ing, relevance, and value of the liberal This newsletter is distributed free each quarter to every member of Phi Beta they can do this. arts and sciences. Kappa for whom we have a current ad- • Although the position of secretary –Make a presentation at new student dress. Opinions expressed in this should be long-term for continuity, orientation on the meaning of “the lib- newsletter are not necessarily those of the momentum, and accessibility, other eral arts and sciences.” editors or the officers of the Phi Beta officers should rotate every two or –Try to affiliate and be identified with Kappa Society. Circulation: 500,285. three years. your institution’s Honors Program, For nonmembers, single copies are • Involve as many ΦΒΚ faculty mem- Scholars Program, and other academic available for $2; one year’s subscription is bers as possible by giving them modest CONTINUED ON PAGE 11 $5. Design by A&L Communications. Printed by Cadmus Specialty Publications, Richmond, Va. Copyright © 2004 by the Phi Beta ibrarians, archivists, and others who save The Key Reporter will note that Kappa Society. All rights are reserved. starting with this issue—Number 1—the newsletter is numbered in The Phi Beta Kappa name, key, and accordance with the January–December calendar cycle. The first issue in The Key Reporter name are registered L a sequence of four will be published in January. The previous sequence fol- trademarks of the Phi Beta Kappa lowed the academic calendar, with the Number 1 issue appearing in the fall. Society. The Fall 2003 edition was wrongly identified as Number 3; it was Number Postmaster: Send change-of-address 4. In past years the Summer issue was published in July and the Fall issue in notices to: The Key Reporter, Phi Beta November. In order to report promptly on the 40th Triennial Council last Kappa, 1606 New Hampshire Ave. NW, August, there was no Summer edition, and the Fall Key Reporter was mailed in Washington DC 20009. http://www.pbk.org September.

Winter 2004 3 2,700 drawings in Windsor Castle Book Awards when he was an adviser to Prince Howard and Fisk CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 Charles. He set out to determine their CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 publishers. Freedberg is professor of art origin, purpose, and impact on natural more newsworthy than a chapter at history at Columbia University, where history in the age of Galileo. Amherst. That day, however, has not he also is director of its Italian The Christian Gauss Award for lit- yet been reached, and until it comes Academy for Advanced Studies in erary scholarship was created in 1950 we welcome this chance to see another America. He is a fellow of the to honor a former Phi Beta Kappa milestone on a worthy road.” American Academy of Arts and president and distinguished scholar at The Nashville Tennesseean also Sciences and the American Philosoph- Princeton University. The 2003 win- hailed the awarding of a ΦΒΚ chapter ical Society. ner was Roy F. Foster for “The Irish to Fisk, saying that it “marks another An appraisal of the book by an Story: Telling Tales and Making It Up step forward in the development of the Emerson committee member said: in Ireland,” published by Oxford great Negro university.” “This is an extraordinary book. It is University Press. It was selected from The Washington (D.C.) Afro- learned, it is fascinating, and it is, 34 books submitted by 26 publishers. American cited Fisk’s achievement, and above all, beautiful. It [is] impossible Foster is Carroll Professor of Irish reported in the same issue the award- to do justice to a book that touches so History at Oxford, the first endowed ing of Howard’s chapter. While Fisk many areas: art history, natural history, Irish history chair in the United did not initiate student members— history of science, biology, intellectual Kingdom, and a fellow of Oxford’s there were four—until May 6, 1953, history, and the religious politics of Hertford College. He has written on April 24 of that year Howard 17th-century science.” Another com- extensively on Irish and Victorian histo- became the first black institution to mittee member wrote, “This may be ry and culture, including a two-volume initiate students—13. The speaker at the surprise best book of this year. An biography of W.B. Yeats. A leader in an their installation ceremony also had a art historian makes a major contribu- iconoclastic generation of Irish histori- United Nations affiliation: Nobel tion to the understanding of science ans, he argues that the Irish have Laureate Ralph Bunche, then director and creativity in the 17th century … manipulated their history and reduced of the UN’s Trusteeship Council, who This work is unusually richly detailed, it to kitsch, motivated by sentimental- had taught at Howard. and evocative of a wonderful era in the ism, nostalgia, and tourism dollars. Lorenzo Morris, president of history of modern science.” A Gauss committee member wrote: Howard’s chapter, presided at the None of the winners was able to “‘The Irish Story’ is a provocative anniversary reception. Gifts were pre- attend the presentation because of bad book, challenging the assumptions of sented to chapter secretary Anna Coble weather or prior commitments. victimization, of therapeutic culture, in appreciation of her work in helping Freedberg’s brother, Michael, accepted and of identity politics, which have to organize the event. the award on his behalf. He said the become commonplace in the histori- Also participating were Princilla book grew out of David’s discovery of CONTINUED ON PAGE 13 Evans, president of Fisk’s chapter, who is spending a year at Trinity College in Washington as an American Council on Education Fellow; Curtis Clark, president of Morehouse’s chapter; and Estelle Finley, president of Spelman’s chapter. Among others attending was ΦΒΚ Senator Allison Blakely, a former president of Howard’s chapter, who made a day trip from Boston for the celebration. The reception was held in Howard Hall, a National Historic Landmark that today serves as the alumni house. From 1869 to 1874 it was the residence of Howard’s first president, Gen. Oliver Howard. Not until 1926 did a black educator, Mordecai Wyatt Johnson, become the university’s president. Niall Slater, right, president of the Phi Beta Kappa Society, presided at the 2003 Book Awards presentation in Washington, D.C. He discusses the books that were honored with Senator Harvey Klehr, left, and George Bornstein, who chairs the Christian Gauss Award Committee.

4 The Key Reporter Crocodile Dundee. But the lesson Inspiration from a Wise Englishman stayed with me and was reinforced, as I grew up, by the realization that he Editor’s note: This is one in a series of excerpts from addresses presented at ΦΒΚ had an incredibly eclectic set of initiation ceremonies. friends. When questioned about this, he gave me a variant on the point he By Judy Owen your brains, only for what you do with had made earlier: “There’s a little bit of Elizabeth Ufford Green Professor of them.” good in everyone. Sometimes it’s easy Natural Sciences, Haverford College As a teenager, I was good at taking to find and sometimes it’s not. But if tests. My sister, a smart woman who you find it, and relate to it, that person This stanza from one of my favorite runs a successful business in England, becomes your friend.” poems serves as a perfect metaphor for wasn’t so good at taking tests. It irked Back then, I’d never heard of anyone engaged in research. It comes me that my dad was as complimentary Haverford, nor did I know any Quak- from one of T.S. Eliot’s “Four about her report card as he was about ers. But now I realize that my dad had Quartets”: mine. But complaints about that were independently derived his own version We shall not cease from exploration usually followed by conversations of the Quaker belief that “there is And the end of all our exploring about the responsibility that comes something of God in everyone.” Will be to arrive where we started with gifts of all kinds, which is what I Pithy saying number three: “If And know the place for the first time. would like to leave with the graduates. you’re feeling shy, or scared to talk, This weekend, graduates have a You have a unique and wonderful set you’re being selfish.” You who are grad- chance to look back at two places of gifts, and have used them well. Now uating are going to spend a lot of time where they have begun their own you must choose to use them equally in the next year or so meeting new peo- explorations: their true beginnings well as you enter the real world. ple, taking stock of new places, being with their parents, and the start of The second “pithy saying” is per- asked to introduce yourself, and to their time at Haverford College, and haps the most important: “There is no speak in front of new audiences. As a perhaps to see and “know” them, as such thing as a neutral encounter.” child I was very shy, and I remain an adults, for the first time. Walking places with Dad, one always adrenalized adult, particularly when I want to share some ideas from one held his left hand, because his right addressing large crowds. However, each of my own sources of inspiration: my was used to tip his hat to any lady we time I find myself with a new group dad. He is an unlikely source for a talk met. Conversations were interrupted which scares me, I remember my dad on a day which celebrates academic by friendly greetings with neighbors or telling me firmly that if you’re feeling achievement. He was a clever and strangers. Well do I remember him shy or scared, it’s because you’re only quite possibly brilliant man. Born just telling me that every time we passed thinking about yourself, and not about southeast of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, he someone on the street, we could either the other people who are just as shy attended a local high-end high school make them feel better about the day or and scared as you. The advice has as a scholarship boy. However, he was make them feel worse. There was no served me well in a job that has me kicked out at 16. The reason: “an inap- such thing as neutral in Dad’s lexicon talking in front of a smart, critical audi- propriate sense of humor.” Those of of interactions. ence, five days a week. you who know some biology will Dad clearly didn’t live in New York The year he died, I remember my deduce that this is a dominant gene for City. If he’d visited there, he probably dad reading “The Rise and Fall of the which he was probably homozygous. would have appeared much like CONTINUED ON PAGE 13 World War II saw my father joining the British Army. As a soldier, he learned a love of peace; he discerned that he had the ability to motivate and to lead men; and he learned an appre- oseph Epstein was awarded a 2003 National Medal for the Humanities ciation for others that transcended race by President Bush in November. From 1975 to 1997, Epstein was edi- and creed, something that was sadly Jtor of The American Scholar, which is published by the Phi Beta Kappa unusual in postwar North of England. Society. An author and critic, he is emeritus lecturer in English at I benefited from these lessons. Northwestern University. However, for this talk, I reasoned that The President also presented 2003 Humanities medals to two Phi Beta I needed three pithy quotations that Kappa members: Frank Snowden, professor emeritus of classics at Howard you could chew on and incorporate, or University and a former U.S. delegate to UNESCO; and John Updike, a spit out, as you deem appropriate. The prolific author of fiction, essays, criticism, and poetry. In 1989 Updike was first is the most applicable to this audi- awarded a National Medal of Arts, becoming one of the few Americans to ence: “Judy, you can take no credit for receive both honors.

Winter 2004 5 2004 Contact Information for the Phi Beta Kappa Associations

ALABAMA Palm Beach- William Mech, [email protected], 213 IOWA Northeast Alabama- George Whitesel, Sweet Bay Circle, Jupiter, FL 33458 Quad Cities- Richard Pokora, 5096 Amesbury [email protected], 907 Second Street NE, Sarasota Manatee- Lois Urban, [email protected], Court, Davenport, IA 52807 Jacksonville, AL 36265 1402 Gleneagles Drive, Venice, FL 34292 South Florida- Edith Gilson, 6701 SW 120th St, KANSAS ARIZONA Miami, FL 33156 Wichita- Jay Mandt, [email protected], 1845 Phoenix Area- Mary Carpenter, [email protected], Tampa Bay- Alvin Wolfe, [email protected]. North Fairmount Ave, Wichita, KS 67260 3401 East Cholla Street, Phoenix, AZ 85028 edu, University of South Florida, Anthropology Tucson- Donald Tempkin, [email protected], Department, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, 3831 East Sumo Noveno, Tucson, AZ 85718 Tampa, FL 33620 KENTUCKY Kentuckiana- Judy Crutcher, [email protected], CALIFORNIA 2100 Douglas Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40205 Northern California- Mary Hanel, GEORGIA [email protected], 7200 Bollinger Road Atlanta- Allison Vrolijk, [email protected], 1055 Hidden Pond Lane, Roswell, GA 30075 LOUISIANA Apartment #408, San Jose, CA 95129 Southwestern Louisiana- Burk Foster, burk@ San Diego- Kenneth Martin, [email protected], Coastal Georgia-Carolina- George Pruden Jr, louisiana.edu, 332 Montrose Avenue, Lafayette, LA 3742 First Avenue, San Diego, CA 92103 [email protected], 13 Old Mill Court, Southern California- C. Scott Littleton, yokatta@ Savannah, GA 31419 70503 oxy.edu, 1600 La Loma Road, Pasadena, CA 91105 Middle Georgia- Mary Morgan, morgan_ma@ mercer.edu, Mercer University, English Dept, 1400 MAINE COLORADO Coleman Ave, Macon, GA 31207 Greater Maine- Maureen Kenney, [email protected], Denver- Susan Fedel, [email protected], 2691 4 Leeward Cove Road, Brunswick, ME 04011 South Chase Lane, Lakewood, CO 80227 ILLINOIS Chicago- Gregory Gocek, [email protected], 5514 CONNECTICUT MARYLAND Glenview Road, Downers Grove, IL 60515 Greater Baltimore- John Stack, [email protected], Greater Hartford- Marilyn Pet, [email protected], 235 East Central Illinois- Frank McCormick, 4402 Wickford Road, Baltimore, MD 21210 East River Drive, #1601, East Hartford, CT 06108 [email protected], 5759 Lincoln Highway Road, Charleston, IL 61920 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA MASSACHUSETTS DC Area- Christel McDonald, chrisjohnmcdon@ INDIANA Boston- Thomas O’Neill, [email protected], aol.com, 3800 N Fairfax Drive, Apartment #1001, 383 Maverick Street #1, Boston, MA 01843 Arlington, VA 22203 Eastern Indiana- James Pyle, [email protected], 4301 West University Avenue, Muncie, IN 47304 FLORIDA Indianapolis- Joel Tragesser, [email protected], MICHIGAN Northeast Florida- Joan Carver, [email protected], 5855 Liberty Creek Drive East, Indianapolis, IN Detroit- Carol Klein, [email protected], 46 15th Street, Atlantic Beach, FL 32233 46254 31720 Franklin Road, Franklin, MI 48025

the Phi Beta Kappa Fellows How One Association Makes an Impact Lectureship; “The Evolving Role of the Prosecutor,” by the Philadelphia district attorney; “A Mathematician Reads the New associations—and ΦΒΚ Association’s regular meeting place is Newspaper,” by the author of the best- members considering starting one— about the same distance from central selling book of the same title; and “The can learn from the experiences of Philadelphia; its southern, northern, Sumerian Dictionary Project,” by a pro- established associations. One model and western suburbs; and the fessor of Mesopotamian languages and for large cities is the Phi Beta Kappa Delaware River bridge that goes to cultures who directs that project at the Association of the Delaware Valley, in southern New Jersey. University of Pennsylvania and its the metropolitan Philadelphia area, The Association’s 2003–04 season Museum of Archaeology and which recently celebrated its second opened with a talk by Christoph Anthropology. decade. It began as separate women’s Eschenbach, the Philadelphia Orches- The Association participated last and men’s organizations, which tra’s new conductor. He discussed his year in the national ΦΒΚ “Con- merged in 1983. Today there are about vision for the ensemble and plans for versations” project on the social value 500 members. educational initiatives and community of the liberal arts and sciences in the Dinner meetings are held four times outreach. 21st century. Robert Kirkwood of the a year at a restaurant in a suburb bor- Last year’s programs included lec- Association’s Governing Council mod- dering the city. Associations in large tures on “Cosmology and Man’s Place erated four “mini-meetings” at Penn metropolitan areas often debate in the Universe,” by a physicist from the and three colleges: Haverford, whether to meet in various parts of the University of California who was a vis- Swarthmore, and Ursinus. ΦΒΚ region or to designate a permanent iting professor at the University of Secretary John Churchill participated location. The Delaware Valley Maryland at College Park, sponsored by in the culminating plenary session.

6 The Key Reporter Southwestern Michigan- John Petro, john.petro@ NORTH CAROLINA TEXAS wmich.edu, 2521 Parkwyn Drive, Kalamazoo, MI Central Carolinas- Voit Gilmore, gilmore@nc. Greater Austin- Donald Flournoy, PO Box 5848, 49008 rp.com, 1600 Morganton Road, Lot D11, Austin, TX 78763 Pinehurst, NC 28374 Greater Houston- Diane Pappas, 5914 Stones Pitt County- Sylvie Henning, hennings@mail. MISSOURI Throw Road, Houston, TX 77057 ecu.edu, 22 East Merry Street, Greenville, NC Metropolitan St. Louis- T.J. Mullin, phibkappastl@ North Texas- Catherine Ziegler, sbcglobal.net, 7162 Delmar Ave, St Louis, MO 27858 Wake County- James Crisp, [email protected], [email protected], 2305 Blackberry Drive, 63130 Richardson, TX 75082 Northeast Missouri- Dereck Daschke, dasc@ 1005 West Lenoir Street, Raleigh, NC 27603 San Antonio- Kurt May, 1703 NW Military, San midway.uchicago.edu, 1606 North Don Street, Kirksville, MO 63501 OHIO Antonio, TX 78213 Cleveland- Judith Cetina, [email protected]. West Texas/East New Mexico- Alison Myhra, oh.us, 3391 Tullamore Road, Cleveland Heights, [email protected], 4811 78th Street, Lubbock, NEBRASKA OH 44118 TX 79424 Omaha- Erica Wagner, [email protected], 5811 S Toledo- Lyman Spitzer, [email protected], 315 158th Street, Omaha, NE 68135 East Front Street, Perrysburg, OH 43551 VIRGINIA Richmond- Ellen Massie, [email protected], NEW JERSEY OKLAHOMA Northern New Jersey- Clifford Brooks, Oklahoma City- James Wise, [email protected], 12283 Fieldcrest Lane, Ashland, VA 23005 [email protected], 594 Forest Street, 3435 NW 56th Street, Ste 1010A, Oklahoma City, Shenandoah Valley- Linda Cabe Halpern, Kearny, NJ 07032 OK 73112 [email protected], 1709 Evergreen Drive Harrisonburg, VA 22801 PENNSYLVANIA NEW MEXICO Delaware Valley- Doris Mackey, dmackey89@aol. WASHINGTON Los Alamos- Rosalie Heller, rheller88@ com, 32 Oak Knoll Drive, Berwyn, PA 19312 Inland Empire- John Maurice, Gonzaga University, cybermesa.com, 301 El Viento Street, Los Alamos, Pittsburgh- Linda Dickerson, ldickerson@verizon. NM 87544 net, Dickerson & Mangus, Inc, Gateway Towers School of Law, 721 North Cincinnati Street, Suite 240, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 Spokane, WA 99202 NEW YORK Puget Sound- Katherine Ostrom, kateostrom@ New York City- Demetrios Melis, SOUTH CAROLINA hotmail.com, 12817 80th Avenue South, Seattle, [email protected], 7 Penn Plaza, Suite 505, New Lowcountry- David Zoellner, david.zoellner@cchat. WA 98178 York, NY 10001 com, 129 Huckleberry Lane, Summerville, SC Scarsdale/Westchester- Myron Schoenfield, 29485 WISCONSIN [email protected], 7 Rochambeau Road, Greater Milwaukee- Chan Tran, chantran@ Scarsdale, NY 10583 TENNESSEE hotmail.com, 14260 Lilly Heights Drive, Upper Hudson- Grace Pell, [email protected], Chattanooga- Herbert Burhenn, Jr, 24 Stanwix Street, Albany, NY 12209 [email protected], 405 North Palisades Brookfield, WI 53188 Western New York- Peter Vasilion, pvasi@asou. Drive, Signal Mountain, TN 37377 buffalo.edu, 3399 Four Rod Road, East Aurora, NY Nashville- Mimi Klein, [email protected], 112 More information can be found at 14052 Prospect Hill, Nashville, TN 37205 http://www.pbk.org/affiliate/association.htm

The Governing Council, which has area high school, and it sent represen- Its scholarship program is intended nine members, meets three or four tatives to ΦΒΚ initiations at for students who will attend colleges times a year with the current officers Haverford, Penn, St. Joseph’s, and universities in the Philadelphia and past presidents. There are seven Swarthmore, and Temple. CONTINUED ON PAGE 13 Association committees: Scholarship, Book Award, Program, Relations with Local ΦΒΚ Chapters, National Honor Society Relations, Membership, and Publications. Governing Council members serve as committee chairs. A newsletter, The PHI-nomenon, is distributed by mail or e-mail several times a year. It announces new pro- grams and describes previous lectures and events. Last year the Association presented copies of “Lincoln’s Virtues” by William Lee Miller to 150 outstanding high school seniors at their schools, and they were honored at a reception at St. Joseph’s University. The Among participants in the Philadelphia area’s plenary “Conversations” session, from left, were Association also provided 12 judges for Joe Poluka, Delaware Valley Association president; Doris Mackey, secretary; ΦΒΚ Secretary the 2003 Academic Decathlon at an John Churchill; and Robert Kirkwood, who served as moderator.

Winter 2004 7 Among Our Key People tor at the University of Maryland at College Park, just outside Washington. The mix of jazz and economics made me a campus character. It also led By William P. Gottlieb Don be working then? But just in case, some students to ask me to teach a along with my tennis gear I took exam- course in jazz appreciation. But the During my 87 years, I’ve been an ples of my college magazine work and administration turned them down. I advertising salesman, a newspaper my Phi Beta Kappa key. On the crucial later discovered that this “southern” columnist, an author and illustrator of Saturday—it rained! The Hopkins institution didn’t want to offer a sub- books, a producer of educational film- match was cancelled, and Mr. Bernard ject that would flatter black culture. strips, a ranking tennis player, an Army said he’d be glad to see me. I picked up (Black undergraduates weren’t admit- Air Corps officer, and an economist. my girlfriend, Delia (now my wife of ted until 1951.) But today I’m known as a photogra- 64 years), at Goucher College in With the country preparing for war, pher of jazz musicians! Baltimore and drove to Washington. I left the university to become an econ- Among the serendipitous events that Mr. Bernard offered me a job as a omist in the Office of Price Administra- led me into jazz were my eating some Post advertising salesman at $25 a week, tion, which set wartime consumer improperly cooked pork, getting rained and I took it. (This was during the prices. Then came four years of military out of a tennis match, and reacting to Great Depression, when hot dogs cost 5 service. I ended up in charge of photo the penny-pinching of a publisher. cents.) Since I really wanted to write— installations at domestic bases, such as The pork was served at my Lehigh and make some extra money—I showed Geiger Field in Spokane, Wash. University fraternity house in the the editor a column on jazz, which was My only unusual military experiences spring of 1936. After returning home becoming a national craze. He agreed to came when, in addition to my photo to Bound Brook, N.J., I came down let me do a Sunday column for $10 a job, I was assigned to be defense “attor- with trichinosis and was in bed for a week. Some say this was the first jazz ney” for soldiers accused of crimes. I was month. My most faithful visitor was an column in a major newspaper. singularly unqualified. The military amateur pianist who subscribed to I was able to parlay it into a radio prosecutors were lawyers, but I’d never music magazines, including some from show on WRC, the NBC outlet in even been inside a courtroom. Although England and France. In the foreign Washington, and a disc jockey job on a I never won a case, my efforts were journals, he read that the most original local station. The WRC show featured sometimes appreciated. When I needed American contribution to the arts was interviews, usually with the leaders of an extra box to hold my stuff, I went to jazz. He couldn’t play the stuff, but he swing bands with Washington dates. the stockade, where wood was stored. owned some prize recordings. On his They were accompanied by records Some inmates, including my former visits, he fed me a diet of Armstrong from my own large collection. clients, found out what I wanted and and Ellington classics. By the time I Eventually I asked the Post for a took over. “Take it easy, Lieutenant,” recovered, I was a confirmed jazz nut. photographer to illustrate the subjects one of them said. “Find a cool spot and Back at school, as editor of The I interviewed. That happened—for wait for us to make your box.” I kept Lehigh Review, I usually included a jazz two weeks. Then the managing editor that box for years. piece in every issue. Meanwhile the found that union rules required premi- After my discharge, my wife and I new Life magazine, with its emphasis um pay for photographers who worked and our first child decided to take our on photographs, was becoming a huge at the crazy hours I needed them. So I chances in New York City. My reputa- success and an inspiration to aspiring bought my own Speed Graphic, the tion in Washington had reached New journalists like me. I loaded the Review costly, heavy, complex camera that York, so I quickly got an offer from with photographs taken by students, newspaper photographers then fa- Down Beat, the leading jazz magazine. including Louis Stoumen, who later vored. I also bought processing equip- When I agreed to contribute photo- won Oscars for two documentaries. ment. The paper’s stinginess proved to graphs, this clinched the job. The Near the end of my senior year in be a blessing: It forced me to become a office was in Rockefeller Center, min- 1938, I had no job prospects. I was on photographer. The results greatly utes from 52nd Street—the center of the varsity tennis team, and that spring enhanced my column, and the long- the jazz world. Glorious! It meant we toured the South. A school friend run benefits were even greater. When exciting years covering idols like Louis was a nephew of Don Bernard, busi- World War II erupted, I became a Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Dizzy ness manager of The Washington Post. photo officer in the Army Air Corps, a Gillespie, and Billie Holiday. “Since you’ll be passing through happy development in view of the I remember commiserating with Washington on Saturday and don’t alternatives. Armstrong about his struggle with have a job lined up,” my friend said, Before being drafted, I’d quit the weight. Fat, then thin, then back to fat. “why not try to see my uncle?” advertising job at the Post, kept the jazz His favorite ammunition in this battle We were supposed to play Johns column and radio shows, and become was powerful laxatives. At one point his Hopkins that day. And would Uncle a grad student and economics instruc- elixir was Pluto Water, and I showed a

8 The Key Reporter bottle on his shelf while photographing him in a theater dressing room. Ellington was always a ladies’ man. When Delia and I invited him home Pianist and composer for dinner, he showed up with two Thelonious Monk was beautiful companions. And although among the jazz immortals he’d done three performances that day, that William Gottlieb and was considerably older than me, photographed. Gottlieb’s he kept going strong at an hour when photo portraits appear on I couldn’t wait to say good night. four U.S. postage stamps. One of my longer nights involved a Columbia recording date with Frank Sinatra. The studio and orchestra were very expensive, and he was then at a low point in his career. But in spite of this, he kept finding flaws in every “take” and insisted that they be done over. Was relate. The final blow to Swing Street Several books dealt with science. he right, or just trying to show that he came when Rockefeller Center When space was a hot topic, The New was still a star? When I asked friends in expanded, with skyscrapers replacing York Times ran a composite review of the orchestra, they assured me that the cellar jazz clubs. Most important, I 10 books about space. “Unqualified Sinatra was right every time. was really a square. Now I had a wife top rating,” it said, “goes to William P. I didn’t use studios for my photo- and four children, plus my wife’s half- Gottlieb’s ‘Space Flight and How It graphs. Everything was on location, in brother and half-sister. The joys of Works.’” available light or with flash. Typically staying out until 4 a.m., even with my Meanwhile my jazz photos gained the subjects were caught while per- favorite musicians, had evaporated. higher visibility. In 1979 Simon and forming or in natural situations. I was By coincidence, Curriculum Films, Schuster published my book, “The very deliberate. Knowing their person- an educational filmstrip company, was Golden Age of Jazz,” with 215 pic- alities and their performances, I tried next door to the Down Beat office. tures; it’s now with Pomegranate and to figure out in advance how to make When the owner learned that I was a in its 12th printing. The images have visuals that emphasized—or went writer and illustrator and had been a appeared in magazines here and beyond—what I said about them in teacher, he offered me a desk in return abroad; on more than 250 record my text. for being available for assignments. album covers; on posters, postcards, My picture of Django Reinhardt, Soon I had so many projects that I and T-shirts; and in books by other the Belgian-French Gypsy guitarist, is formed an independent unit of writers, authors. In 2002 there were 21 new an example. He became a jazz great artists, and production people. This books with Gottlieb photographs. even though (or because) as a young proved to be even more stimulating The prints hang in the homes of col- man, his fingering hand was mutilated than jazz. One week, for instance, I lectors, in the Jazz at Lincoln Center when his caravan caught fire. In pho- worked simultaneously on “How to boardroom, and in many nightclubs. tographing him, my positioning and Set A Table” and “Number Bases They’re sold at art galleries and have lighting let his hand be seen clearly. Other Than 10.” My company, now been exhibited in 150 museums in this More elusive are the visuals that cap- called University Films, became the country, Canada, Scotland, England, ture personalities. I spent considerable main filmstrip producer for Encyclo- Germany, Sweden, and Japan. Among time photographing Billie Holiday soon paedia Britannica, D.C. Heath, and U.S. sites have been the Smithsonian’s after she was released from prison. McGraw-Hill. National Portrait Gallery and the U.S. Without access to drugs or alcohol, and McGraw-Hill bought my company Postal Service; my photos of Billie no longer chubby, she looked magnifi- in 1969 and made me president of the Holiday, Charlie Parker, Mildred cent. And her amazing voice was as University Films division. Between Bailey, and Jimmy Rushing appeared plaintive as ever. I tried to capture both 1948 and 1979, when I retired, I pro- on U.S. postage stamps. her beauty and her anguish. One image duced about 1,400 filmstrips and In 1995 the Library of Congress has been called the most widely repro- wrote and illustrated about 400 of bought 1,600 of my jazz photos “for duced photo of a jazz personality. them. I also wrote and took photo- posterity.” It put them on a new website In 1948 I quit jazz, cold. The graphs for 15 books, including Golden with more than a thousand pages—a nation was in a recession. The big Books for children. “Laddie the dramatic advance over those black-and- swing bands were dying. And 52nd Superdog,” a take-off on Superman, white newspaper images that first Street was being devastated by drugs sold almost a million copies. It shows appeared during the Depression. My and by the sounds of bop, to which my pet spaniel climbing walls, walking own website, www.jazzphotos.com, has older musicians and their fans couldn’t on water, and flying through the air. a link to the Library site.

Winter 2004 9 From Our Book Critics in large part thanks to efforts to develop a coherent system of oceanic and atmospheric measurement stations, and to continuously BOOK COMMITTEE gather objective meteorological records of Humanities: Svetlana Alpers, Rebecca Resinski, Eugen Weber wind, temperature, precipitation, barometric pressure, and atmospheric moisture worldwide. Social Sciences: Rick Eden, Josephine Pacheco The authors introduce us to the extremes of Anna J. Schwartz, Larry J. Zimmerman flood and drought, occurring within the con- text of local and global climate. Natural Sciences: Germaine Cornélissen, Jay M. Pasachoff The climate system is complex because it consists of several components, such as the atmosphere, oceans, and ice sheets. Each has its Macfarlane and Martin claim, and back it own response times and thermodynamic prop- By Jay M. Pasachoff up, that glass has led to most of the Western erties, and the components interact nonlinear- world’s technical advances. They speculate that ly. Solar energy, passed through the atmosphere The Universe in 365 Days. Robert J. Nemiroff the West’s adopting and developing a wider and absorbed by the earth’s land masses and and Jerry T. Bonnell. Harry N. Abrams, 2003. range of glass objects—moving beyond beauti- oceans, primarily powers weather and climate. $29.95 ful things and bottles to windows, lenses, and Geologic processes (volcanism, mountain Many people use their computer’s browser mirrors—led to the progress that caused its civ- forming, plate tectonics) also influence climate. each morning to check for the Astronomy ilization to surpass the East’s science, technolo- Climate variability is further affected by exter- Picture of the Day. Two scientists at NASA’s gy, and art. Did Renaissance mirrors lead to the nal atmospheric variables, such as the Goddard Space Flight Center set up the site six discovery of self? What would many of us be Milankovitch and sunspots cycles, and internal years ago, and have since published thousands able to do or learn without our eyeglasses, and atmospheric variables, such as the El Niño phe- of images from amateur astronomers, profes- what would science be like without micro- nomenon. These demonstrate how the oceans sional astronomers, other photographers, scopes or telescopes? The authors take 20 previ- and atmosphere are inextricably intertwined. artists, computer graphic specialists, and space- ously chosen important scientific experiments Long-term climate variability is also induced craft. This thick, glossy, 7- by 5-inch book and show that glass played a role in 16 by the oceans through a deep-water mechanism selects the best of those images. (although it would be nice if they could cor- known as “thermohaline circulation.” Whereas “The Universe in 365 Days” gives one image rectly spell J.J. Thomson’s last name). I wonder a systematic recording of physical variables has per spread and one spread per day of the year. if my reviews will be transmitted over optical been available for the past few decades, long- Each has a caption on the left-hand page and a fibers, a topic that could have had more discus- term data can only be accessed indirectly. There dazzlingly reproduced and usually colorful sion in the book. are several techniques, including historical image on the right-hand page. It is the ultimate The dirty face of the coal miner in Freese’s records such as those of flooding on the Nile book for browsing since the pictures are in no book provides an obvious link to its subject. River, dendrochronology (tree-ring dating), ice order. A Hubble Space Telescope image of a The industrial revolution in Manchester, cores, coral composition, and cave deposits. galaxy may follow an amateur’s image of a England, and the growth in Pennsylvania’s steel Both the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans comet, which may follow a NASA photograph industry made possible by the availability of exhibit rhythmic climatic patterns (El Niño— of a spacecraft launch. The book is a delight for anthracite, are among the topics of discussion. Southern Oscillation or ENSO phenomenon) your bedside or coffee table. “The North might have lost the American Civil recurring every three to seven years. These War, or it might never have started, and the reflect the quasi-periodic fluctuation of equato- Salt: A World History. Mark Kurlansky. Walker transformation of the American West would rial Pacific water temperatures and the coupled and Co., 2002. $28; paper $15 have happened slowly by wagon rather than atmospheric response. The effects are propagat- quickly by rail.” But, she admits, “if we do trig- ed from the Pacific to the Atlantic as a global Glass: A World History. Alan Macfarlane and phenomenon, a notion known as teleconnec- Gerry Martin. University of Chicago Press, 2002. ger drastic climate changes, all of coal’s contri- butions to the empowerment of humanity will tion. The study of ENSO and its teleconnec- $27.50 be overshadowed by the enormous price of that tions, and of other phenomena, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, helps our under- Coal: A Human History. Barbara Freese. power.” It is too bad that this wide-ranging book lacks an index. standing of atmospheric processes, including Perseus Publishing, 2003. $39; paper $25 the prediction of hurricanes and the manage- A microcosm can show you the world, ment of hydrologic assets. apparently, as the Zeitgeist seems to require The story would not be complete without a explaining history in terms of a single object. By Germaine Cornélissen chapter on global warming and a call for wis- Beyond “Salt,” “Glass,” and “Coal,” dom: Real-time data about the oceans and the Amazon.com lists “The Potato” and “Tobacco” Floods, Droughts, and Climate Change. atmosphere is the first indispensable step, mak- in addition to the “Salt” author’s “Cod.” Michael Collier and Robert H. Webb. University ing it possible to design models for forecasting Yet there is some truth and lots of interest to of Arizona Press, 2002. $17.95 the weather and longer-term climate trends. these tales. While reading Kurlansky’s “Salt,” I The authors provide a clear and succinct But in the end, the critical question remains— went around quoting random facts from the review of the variability in weather and climate, whether we are willing to act in accordance book to anyone who would listen. A Roman with illustrated stories serving as background to with reliable forecasts produced by the models. man in love was called “salax,” in a salted state, explain the bigger picture. It is amazing how from which we get “salacious.” Bactrian camels much the reader can learn from this relatively From Chaos to Care—The Promise of Team- were brought from Mongolia to carry salt small book, which is packed with fascinating Based Medicine. David Lawrence. Perseus inland to the miners in the California gold rush science. Floods and droughts are examined Publishing, 2002. $25 country, where I recently attended a wedding. within the wider context of climate change. Written in lay terms for the general public, Salt is used in pickling, and I just made a trip Ever since Santorio Santorio invented the David Lawrence’s book describes his vision for to purchase 100 full-sour pickles from Guss’s thermometer in 1612, and Evangelista Toricelli the delivery of health care. He uses the fiction- Pickles on New York’s Lower East Side. Is built a barometer in 1643, the study of the al case of a child with chronic asthma to illus- Kurlansky determining my itineraries? atmosphere has advanced dramatically. This is trate the shortcomings of the current system of

10 The Key Reporter care administered by a family physician work- –Ask faculty members in various disci- ing mostly alone. He describes this system as Tips for Chapters plines to nominate “Phi Beta Kappa antiquated and chaotic, primarily because of CONTINUED FROM PAGE 3 poor communication among generalists, spe- Award” winners, and announce the cialists, and other health care professionals. initiatives that support the liberal arts awards at a public event such as an Lawrence, himself a doctor, has the perspec- and sciences. awards convocation. tive of both a former CEO and chairman of –Elect top juniors to membership. –Send letters of commendation to the Kaiser Permanente, and a son who experienced Involve them in the chapter’s activities. top 10 freshmen and sophomores, first-hand the limitations of America’s medical system during his father’s terminal illness. He –Use the publicity tools at your dispos- invite them to the banquet, and recog- outlines the challenges facing medicine and the al (the alumni magazine, campus nize them there. merits of a team-based approach. newsletter, student newspaper, etc.) to –Give a teaching award to a faculty Among the challenges Lawrence identifies: publicize chapter activities and member based on nominations from the changing expectations of patients, who have announce the names of students elected initiates. The recipient can be given a increasing access to health-related information to the chapter. Ask the publicity office framed certificate and invited to speak and no longer let their doctors make all deci- sions for them; the expanding pace and scope to send press releases to the hometown at the initiation banquet. of medical and technological discoveries; the newspapers of newly elected students. –Invite the entire campus community greater number of patients with chronic illness- –Induct honorary and alumni mem- to the banquet. Arrange for students to es, leading to the growing complexity of med- bers periodically, especially those with use meal plan credits. Invite a speaker ical care and more demand for transparency to name recognition and solid academic with wide appeal (“beloved retiring give enhanced insight into medical system quality and safety; the nation’s growing diversi- credentials. faculty are a great draw,” said the per- ty; and the rising risk of threats from infectious –Develop a web page, linked to the son who made this suggestion). and environmental hazards in other parts of the institutional and ΦΒΚ home pages. world. –Ask student electees to name a pro- Consider ways to make ΦΒΚ known Lawrence contends that these challenges can- fessor who has made a difference for to top high school students in your not be met by solo medical practices. The solu- tion he offers is to completely restructure care, them; send letters of acknowledgment community: centering it around the patient. Doctors, in- and thanks to these professors, men- –Host a reception for National Merit home care providers, pharmacists, nutritionists, tioning the student by name, and Scholars or other top students. support groups, and emergency room nurses invite them to the banquet. –Recognize the winners of regional sci- should have access to the same complete patient –At Commencement, award a prize to ence fairs, history fairs, and academic chart. This would facilitate their work as a team and help them make better-informed decisions the top student in the graduating class. team competitions. together. –Set up a display in the student center, –Invite National Merit finalists and Examples of health care organizations and the lobby of the library, or other semi-finalists and National Honor nonmedical industries are presented that could prominent location for a week or two, Society leaders to campus. serve as models for quality improvement. at the start of the academic year or –Ask the admissions staff to have Integration, good communication and informa- ΦΒΚ tion systems, and a well-organized infrastructure close to chapter elections. someone speak briefly about at are the key elements of Lawrence’s plan, along –Ask about including an “incentive” open houses and other events for top with educating patients to actively participate in statement about ΦΒΚ in letters sent to recruits. their own care. This blueprint for change has students named to the Dean’s List, or Readers with additional ideas are been highly praised by leaders in public health. It send them a separate letter of com- encouraged to contact Phil Johnson at could ensure consistently safe, responsive, time- ly, affordable, and equitable medical care for all. mendation. [email protected] But it awaits testing in a rapidly changing society that would face staggering costs in pro- viding such care. An important option is to add focus on prevention. Today’s medicine consists critical ingredients that could go far toward most immediately identifiable. But it shades off primarily of treating conditions diagnosed when reducing costs without compromising the qual- into clinical characteristics that are very diffi- test results lie outside physiological norms. But ity of care. cult for people to notice in brief encounters. variations within the normal range are largely The diversity of skills specific to each autistic predictable, characterized by broad time struc- Aquamarine Blue 5: Personal Stories of student should be recognized as such, and nur- tures (chronomes), including multi-frequency College Students with Autism. Edited by tured in an educational system that aims for rhythms, trends, and other variations. The Dawn Prince-Hughes. Swallow Press of Ohio individual excellence rather than conformity in monitoring of vital signs (temperature, blood University Press, 2002. $32.95; paper $14.95 a given curriculum. pressure, pulse) to assess such chronomes may This book is a collection of essays by stu- The engaging essays convey the sensitivities help detect abnormalities before there is overt dents who were diagnosed with autism at dif- and special needs of autistic people, but also disease, thus allowing the instituting of prophy- ferent stages of their lives. It vividly illustrates their inner strength and resolve. The book’s title lactic in preference to curative or palliative treat- the difficulties they encountered in the univer- refers to the color associated with the number 5 ment, and thereby reducing the risk (and cost) sity system, and the importance of early diag- by an autistic student with synthesia, a form of of complications. Another is to optimize treat- nosis, so that strategies can be designed to help cross perception that enabled this future pio- ment by timing its administration according to patients cope with autism. neering linguist to see music and words in bodily rhythms, and basing treatment decisions Prince-Hughes, herself diagnosed with color. on the best available evidence of whether a Asperger’s syndrome, emphasizes that autism potential therapy is likely to work. These are falls along a spectrum, classic autism being the CONTINUED ON PAGE 12

Winter 2004 11 the Umatilla Indian Reservation (issued as This book is a primer for tribes seeking greater From Our Book Critics Memoir 6 of the Journal of Northwest Anthro- control over their heritage, and for archaeolo- CONTINUED FROM PAGE 11 pology), 2002. $30 gists who deal with tribes as part of cultural resources management practice. By Larry Zimmerman Tribal Cultural Resource Management: The More than anything, both volumes show Full Circle of Stewardship. Darby Stapp and what can happen when Indians and archaeolo- Women and the Machine: Representations Michael Burney. AltaMira, 2002. $70; paper gists cooperate as equal partners. They can be from the Spinning Wheel to the Electronic $24.95 natural allies for protection of threatened Age. Julie Wosk. Johns Hopkins University Press, American Indian control over their cultural archaeological sites and TCPs. These books are 2002. $45; paper $22.95 heritage has been eroded to the point that near- “must reads” for archaeologists, but will also be Using more than 150 color and half-tone ly the only element over which they have power fascinating to others concerned about cultural images and from the perspective of art history, is their oral tradition. The damage done to property rights and changes in Native Wosk considers depictions of women and individual and group identity by having out- American sovereignty. machines in American and European art, siders writing tribal history has been substan- advertising, and photography over the past two tial. However, since the late 1960s, Indian Memory Perceived: Recalling the Holocaust. centuries. Her narrative is both topical and nations have begun to demand control, first Robert N. Kraft. Praeger, 2002. $49.95 chronological, looking at images of women and seeking the repatriation of human remains and Traumatic memories make for compelling the mechanics of fashion (think bustles and grave goods removed from their lands, resulting reading, and especially in the case of the atroc- corsets), electricity (think appliances), bicycles, in the Native American Graves Protection and ities from the Holocaust. Kraft selected 129 tes- cars, planes, and warfare, ending with a “coda” Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) of 1990. They timonies from nearly 600, given by people from on electricity (think computers). Deriving insisted on control over cultural resources on 10 European countries, at the Fortunoff Video appropriate social meaning from representation their lands, and eventually got recognition of Archive for Holocaust Testimonies at Yale in popular culture is profoundly difficult, and Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP) as being University. These he analyzed in the “third per- many humanities scholars tend to over-analyze potentially eligible for the National Register of son” as a psychologist, that is, as an outsider not from contemporary perspectives. Wosk doesn’t Historic Places. In 1992, the National Historic involved in the interviewing process. He was do that, properly seeing most of these images as Preservation Act was amended to allow tribes to impressed by the persistence of Holocaust products of a particular time and cultural con- appoint Tribal Historic Preservation Officers memory, and he interweaves quotations and text. (THPO) for oversight of cultural resources on commentaries to analyze its structure. Two things about this book stand out. The their lands, replacing State Historic Kraft looks especially at the memories of first is that when you can personalize an aca- Preservation Officers. those who were young children when World demic volume, it’s a good book. The second is Both volumes document this process for the War II began, how they and others experienced that “Women and the Machine” offers a pro- Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian atrocity, and how experiences were encoded foundly feminist point that isn’t buried in aca- Reservation (CTUIR), three tribes whose tradi- into indelible traumatic memory. He also demic jargon. I’ve watched the women in my tional lands are on the Columbia River Plateau examines how specific horrific memories direct life deal with technology: In their relationship of northeastern Oregon and southeastern the lives of survivors today and help shape their to machines, changing gender roles seem obvi- Washington. The CTUIR have been in the concept of self. What emerges as the most pow- ous. My mother could not even change film in headlines for demanding repatriation of the erful message of memory “is the fundamental a camera or batteries in a radio; my wife—who Ancient One or “Kennewick Man,” for whose necessity of remembering itself,” to pass on to objected to my buying a four-wheel drive pick- remains they feel responsible. They contend future generations a permanent record of the up—took it over as her preferred mode of that the Ancient One should be in their juris- Holocaust. “Commitment to remember pro- transportation but still shies away from the diction under NAGPRA. What is less known vided the motivation for survival.” The message multifunction remote control for our TV; my about the CTUIR is that they have one of the and Kraft’s analyses are powerful stuff. 20-something daughter seems to have no prob- most well-developed cultural resources manage- lem with anything technological, big or small, ment programs in the country, begun in 1987. A Guide to the Archaeology Parks of the no matter how complex. Wosk helped me “It’s About Time” is a fascinating series of Upper Midwest. Deborah Morse-Kahn. Roberts understand some of the cultural forces behind papers detailing the struggles of the program Rinehart, 2003. $18.95 their adaptations to technology. and its successes under its architects, tribal Heritage tourism has been popular for Her point is crisp: The relationships of members Paul Minthorn and Jeff Van Pelt, and decades, but there are relatively few guides women to machines are filled with contradic- Michael Burney, a non-Indian archaeologist. specifically for archaeological sites. Morse- tions that are reflected in images, even those The papers show what tribes can accomplish Kahn’s guide to sites in the Upper Midwest pro- created by women. They represent women as when they control their own pasts. What is also vides concise summaries of about 85 areas, perplexed by technology and machines, yet able special about the book is its structure. Van Pelt describing what’s there, with good directions, to master and control them, even seeing them provides section introductions, written in the website URLs, and other useful contact infor- as beguiling, “must have” products. These rep- first person and, as he says, much as he talks. mation. The book could have given a slightly resentations both reflect and create self-identity. This gives the volume a natural coherence and longer overview of Midwestern archaeology, the The film “Simone,” starring Al Pacino, seems a flavor that is fully CTUIR. photographs should be placed near the text to embody all of it. A virtual woman captivates “Tribal Cultural Resource Management” is a about the parks they describe rather than clus- the world, becoming a role model for women more standard academic volume. Many of the tered in one place, and there are a few minor and an object of lust for men. Both created and examples Stapp and Burney use come from the errors that likely won’t concern anyone but spe- destroyed by a man, she is ultimately resurrect- CTUIR experience, but they also provide some cialists. All in all, however, the volume is inter- ed by a young girl with advanced technological from other well-developed American Indian esting and practical. Given that I live in the skills. Seeing this theme in popular culture sug- programs. Most examples are in boxes, written region, the guide definitely will be in my car gests that “Women and the Machine” is fully in the first person, giving the book a less aca- when I go out and about. on target. demic tone. They provide excellent coverage of the legal aspects of tribal sovereignty over cul- Dictionary of Military Terms: A Guide to the It’s About Time; It’s About Them; It’s About tural resources and THPOs. One of the Language of Warfare and Military Us: A Decade of Papers. Edited by Michael strongest sections is on consultation with tribes, Institutions, Second Edition. Compiled by Burney and Jeff Van Pelt. Confederated Tribes of a requirement of many cultural resources laws. CONTINUED ON PAGE 15

12 The Key Reporter the National Academy of Science. He From the Secretary Book Awards has written extensively on integrating CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4 geological and biological perspectives CONTINUED FROM PAGE 2 cizing and commemoration of the toward life on Earth. It is our pleasure now to present this Irish past and its literature … I hope An award committee member material on the website, and to ask that his deceptively light writing style wrote: “The writing is excellent, poet- you, “What do you think about this?” does not mislead readers, for Foster is ic in places and pleasingly didactic in Or rather, “How do you think about fully conversant with theories of post- others … it balances the remarkable this?” Chapters and associations are modernism, postcolonialism, and successes in understanding the early being asked to enter into further con- postnationalism, and incorporates Earth with the requisite skepticism versations about these issues. Opinions them … but only when relevant, and that science must always maintain from individual Society members are never in ways that are pretentious or about both our theories and the data.” also welcome. aggressive.” In remarks that were read by Sam So take a look at the material on the Foster’s award was accepted on his Elworthy, editor-in-chief of Princeton website, reflect on it, and respond by behalf by his friend Jay Tolson of U.S. University Press, Knoll said, “We live Monday, March 15, with an e-mail to News & World Report, who read a on a planet that records its own histo- [email protected] or a letter to statement from him. It said, in part, ry. This fact has struck me as remark- the Phi Beta Kappa Society, 1606 New “I’m very happy to receive this award able—worthy of both celebration and Hampshire Ave. NW, Washington DC for a book which—at the cost of rais- investigation—since I was a boy … 20009. Every contribution will be ing a few hackles—has tried to put “Textbooks commonly give the read, considered, and melded into the down what I think about the way liter- impression of science as a codification process. (Depending on the volume of ature and history intersect in Ireland.” of facts, but it isn’t that at all. Science responses, we may not be able to reply The Phi Beta Kappa Book Award in is a disciplined way of asking about individually to each one.) As I have Science, established in 1959, was won what we don’t know, a set of rules on written before in this space, we are by Andrew H. Knoll for “Life on a how to peer past the facts that clog our preparing for a fuller articulation of Young Planet: The First Three Billion texts to learn something new about the value of education in the liberal Years of Evolution on Earth,” from nature. I wanted to convey that sense arts and sciences, in order to empower Princeton University Press. Fourteen of science as enterprise, explaining Phi Beta Kappa to be even more effec- publishers nominated 18 books for how we know what we think we know, tive in its advocacy. You can contribute this award. A paleontologist, Knoll is and highlighting the uncertainties in to this process by letting us know how Fisher Professor of Natural History at our understanding as opportunities you think. Harvard University and a member of rather than failures.” Inspiration

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 5 Roman Empire.” This man who had completed his formal education at age 16 never lost his love of learning, and brought to it his own brand of wisdom. I hope that you will never cease your own explorations. I also hope that you will seize every opportunity to rediscov- er pieces of where you started and to know them (as adults) for the first time.

Delaware Valley

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 7 area. Last year’s six winners enrolled at Dickinson, Haverford, Penn, Princeton, Rutgers, and Temple. Twelve scholarships were awarded in 2002. The Association gives its criteria to area colleges, which use these to select the winners.

Winter 2004 13 other cultures, etc.). For example, finding out Letters to the Editor why a silent -e indicates a long vowel, or why a doubled consonant indicates a short vowel, tells the student about changes that made Old Spelling English tended to be upper- or upper-middle-class English into Middle English and Middle As an English professor who teaches Old Easterners with degrees from elite schools, who English into Modern English. Plurals like and Middle English and the history of the spoke with a similar regional accent and some- “mice” and “geese” show the Germanic origins English language, I read with interest Edward times looked down on anyone who did not of the words; the silent “b” in “doubt” and Rondthaler’s letter [Fall Key Reporter] about speak the same way. Despite its quirks, the cur- “debt” indicates their descent from Latin “dubi- implementing standardized spelling based on rent spelling system equalizes discourse for rea- tatio” and “debitum”; and so on. A new system phonetic pronunciation. sonable people. The many literate, intelligent might help students use the language, but it In theory, it could work; the International people here at Texas Tech who speak with a would not help them understand it. Phonetic Alphabet, for instance, has one sound lovely West Texas twang can write just as well as I, too, would like to combat illiteracy, but per character and is relatively simple once one their colleagues at Harvard, while phonetic phonetic spelling would cause more problems has associated the sounds with the characters. spelling based on their Lubbock accents might than it would solve. Mr. Rondthaler praises the However, in practice such an attempt is make their work unintelligible to those condi- phonetic spelling of a thousand years ago for doomed because it assumes that there is one tioned by a sophisticated Cambridge ear. being simple. But anyone who has tried to read standard pronunciation of American English, I agree with Mr. Rondthaler that the a medieval English text—or even a modern which is false. For example, “fork” may be pro- English language carries baggage from its English text before the standardization of nounced “fawk” by a Bostonian, but “faw-erk” Germanic and Norman roots, but I am not cer- spelling in the 18th and 19th centuries—knows by a Southerner. To get a standardized spelling, tain that this is as bad as he suggests. English is that phonetic spelling can yield two or three we would need a standardized pronunciation, constantly under the influence of many factors, different spellings of the same word on the but whose pronunciation? some internal (the Great Vowel Shift, Grimm’s same page! The “eminent scholars” Mr. Rondthaler and Verner’s Laws, etc.) and some external (the A serious commitment to funding educa- mentions who created the simplified spelling Norman Conquest, immigration, contact with tion for all young people, plus the serious study of languages—English plus foreign languages, with a healthy dose of grammar and exposure to linguistics—will do just as well in solving our literacy problems. But this requires a cul- ture that is willing to support our education system and to accept multilingualism, and these are topics for another letter (or a dozen more). Rather than make our spelling simpler, we should make our readers and writers more sophisticated. Brian McFadden, Lubbock, Texas

I confes that I don’t no how to spel most wordz in simpl American Sound Speling, but I hav to wunder how homonims ar speld. Won pear that cumz to mind iz the cognaets of the first to wordz in this sentenc. How duz won riet riet? I don’t no about yoo, but I’l stik to the Inglish I no. Mi apoloegeez to Edward Rondthaler. Gud tri, but historee is to strong to chaenj. I ges I am not part of the peepl hoo wil chaenj to suen. Just a dum alum, Marti Tepkey-Floid (fonetik speling) Marty Toepke-Floyd, Wishek, N.D.

“Holocaust: A History” I would like to comment on Rick Eden’s review in the Fall Key Reporter of “Holocaust: A History,” by Deborah Dwork and Robert Jan van Pelt. I agree with almost everything Eden writes except when he addresses the issue of “where to begin.” He seems to imply approval of the authors’ avoidance of an “obvious” launch point—“Christian anti-Semitism.” All historical events have long-term and short-term causes. By avoiding the history of

14 The Key Reporter Christian antisemitism (the preferred spelling), tions on a bottle of medicine), uncertainty and bers of the English Department of Euphoric the authors avoid the most significant of the ambiguity must give way entirely to clarity and State University (UC Berkeley, in other words) long-term causes of the Holocaust. Christian precision. in David Lodge’s witty novel, “Changing antisemitism doesn’t end with the Holocaust I don’t know if these points were raised, but Places” (published in Britain in 1975 and in the itself, but continues throughout the events, I certainly hope so. A liberally educated person U.S. in 1978). aggravates, and colors the short-term causes. ought to press beyond the partiality of easy for- A visiting professor introduces the game, Instead of simply condoning Dwork’s and mulations that sound high-minded but lack the which he says he invented. It is aptly named van Pelt’s choice to avoid Christian anti- balance and nuance that complicate serious “Humiliation.” Desperate to win, one partici- semitism, I wish Eden had pointed this out as a thought. pant vehemently insists that he has never read grievous error of historical judgment. The paral- Debra San, Brookline, Mass. “Hamlet.” The other players refuse to believe lels, mutatis mutandis, between the attitudes and him, causing him to leave the party in a huff. ideas expressed by the Church Fathers, Martin Correcting Latin Later in the week the man is “unexpectedly” denied tenure, and the rumor goes around that Luther, et al., and the Nazis is striking. The That one of your correspondents [Fall Key the committee balked at giving tenure to an influential fourth-century Church Father St. Reporter, Letters to the Editor, “Lingua Franca”] English teacher who boasts in private that he is John Chrysostom called Jews deicides with no should connect the verb initiare with the rare ignorant of “Hamlet.” The episode is narrated chance for “atonement, excuse, or defense” and itare is a minor point. A pedantic Classics pro- in a letter from a faculty wife to her husband “inveterate murderers.” He advocated their mass fessor would prefer to relate it to initium, in (pp.135–37 in the Penguin edition). murder. As did Martin Luther, who developed a turn to be connected with ineo, the latter to be I’ve heard of the game from some persons program of expropriation, exile, and murder connected with the simple eo, to go. At least who had read Lodge and some who hadn’t. I’ve that the Nazis followed step by step. And he itare can be found in dictionaries. never met anyone who had actually played it or worked politically with German rulers attempt- That another correspondent should write who expressed any eagerness to do so. ing to get the job done. The millions of Jews “cuisvis” as a genitive and produce a verb Sean Hoare, Arlington, Va. murdered before Hitler came to power did not “educire,” neither of which exists in Latin, is a come about by accident. Hitler knew about sad commentary on what is happening today. Editor’s note: Lodge’s novel also was cited by what the Catholic saints had advocated and he That The Key Reporter should, on the third Fred W. Jenkins of Dayton, Ohio, and Mary Beth agreed with Luther. go, reproduce these two errors is the saddest Norton of Ithaca, N.Y. The Christian Churches considered Jews to thing of all. Please restore a member’s firm faith be special objects of contempt and arch- in Phi Beta Kappa. The Key Reporter welcomes letters to the editor. enemies, murderers of God. And vengeance was Ihor Sevcenko, Cambridge, Mass. taken in Church policies of degradation and Those that are published may be condensed. Please half-hearted protection during pogroms and send letters to Barbara Ryan by e-mail at mass murder of Jews in the Middle Ages and “Changing Places” [email protected], by fax at (202) 986-1601, or later. In a letter in the Fall Key Reporter, H.C. Erik by postal mail to the Phi Beta Kappa Society. Through defamatory stereotypes, degrading Midelfort asks for exact information about “a public policies, and pogroms of mass murder, supposed ‘cocktail party game’ in which litera- Christian institutions put down Jewish attempts ture professors dare to confess the major gaps in Correction: In the Spring 2003 Key to fight back. Christendom considered the Jews their reading.” His impression is that the game Reporter, an editing error appeared in a monsters, beasts, murderers, betrayers, insects, was at the center of “a story in The New Yorker, review of “The Living Clock: The poisoners, vampires, and devils centuries before perhaps 15–20 years ago.” Orchestrator of Biological Rhythms” by the Nazis. Well, maybe so. I suspect that this game is John D. Palmer. The author was misiden- That Dwork and van Pelt avoided this the academic equivalent of an urban folk tale tified in the text of the review. The Key momentous issue is an insult to the field. I and has several provenances. In any case, it is Reporter regrets the error. regret that Eden did not see it. definitely played—one time only—by mem- Robert Michael, Dartmouth, Mass.

A Liberally Educated Person Among the characteristics of a liberally edu- From Our Book Critics Warfare in the 21st Century. Edited by Jeremy K. Brown. H.W. Wilson, 2003. $50 cated person reported in “The Conversations in CONTINUED FROM PAGE 12 Brown’s is a scary volume, its chapters taken Focus: A Symposium” [Fall Key Reporter] are Trevor Dupuy, Curt Johnson, Grace Hayes, from today’s headlines. Six sections examine the “breadth of perspective, celebration of diversity, Priscilla Taylor, and John Taylor. H.W. Wilson, changes in warfare during the recent past, espe- and tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity.” 2003. $85 cially in terms of how the theaters of war have The report is a summary, not a transcript, so This update of the 1986 edition is amazing! shifted from battlefields to back yards and hard I don’t know if the keynote speaker or respon- The content is wide-ranging and thorough, drives. He includes sections on terrorism; on dents raised these points: that breadth of per- with excellent coverage of both ancient and chemical, biological, radiological, and non- spective without a concomitant depth of focus modern warfare. It includes recent events and lethal weapons; and on what we can expect suggests broad but shallow thinking; that cele- new technologies, even providing information from the warfare of the future. Brown provides on terrorist organizations such as al Qaeda and bration of diversity is divisive unless secondary useful chapter introductions, which summarize their 9/11 attacks. Entries are concise, very the articles he has selected from newspapers and to an appreciation of shared humanity; that in readable, and reasonably well cross-referenced. magazines, and adds his own observations. All some circumstances (e.g., when reading a poem This dictionary should prove extremely useful of this makes for a readable and fascinating rich in word play), uncertainty and ambiguity to military historians, novelists, students, and book that provides much more substantial are to be savored, not merely tolerated; that in citizens who wish to understand some of the information than what you are seeing on televi- other circumstances (e.g., writing the instruc- terms they hear on the evening news. sion.

Winter 2004 15 ΦΒΚ Blues guitarist Scott Ainslie in the News described himself to The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette as “a Phi Beta Kappa sub- Former corporate lawyer Enola Aird and has spent most of a half-century in urban white guy who adores this tradi- has become an advocate for “balanced an iron lung. She graduated first in her tion.” He graduated from Washington living.” The Boston Globe reported that class at Wake Forest University and and Lee University. she left six-day workweeks behind to was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Last establish the Motherhood Project, “a year she published her memoirs. The San Jose Mercury News called think tank on issues relating to family lawyer Amy Trask “arguably the most and civil society.” Aird joined Phi Beta The San Antonio Express-News powerful woman in the National Kappa at Barnard College. recalled the career of Paul Robeson in Football League” as chief executive of previewing a revival of a one-man the Oakland Raiders. She was elected The Toronto Star described Bob show about him. The writer said that to Phi Beta Kappa at the University of Lutz, “General Motors’s panjandrum Robeson, a Phi Beta Kappa member at California at Berkeley. of product,” as “a Swiss-born ex-jet Rutgers, “was as gifted and prolific in jockey for the U.S. Marines who went his talents as any American in the 20th In announcing Frank Rich’s promo- on to a Phi Beta Kappa turn at the century … one of the most admired tion to associate editor and essayist, University of California at Berkeley.” individuals in the world.” The New York Times noted that he joined Phi Beta Kappa at Harvard. The Chicago Tribune and The Los Maureen Dowd in The New York Angeles Times saluted U.S. Army veter- Times compared former President The Associated Press reported that a an Duane DeWitt, 48, who graduated Bush’s reluctance to use “the big I”— portrait of Robert F. Wagner will hang with honors from the University of what she called “the first-person per- in the U.S. Capitol. “An immigrant California–Berkeley, and was elected to pendicular”—to his son’s comfort with janitor’s son who wore his Phi Beta Phi Beta Kappa, despite struggling with it. When she asked George W. Bush Kappa key on a gold watch chain,” he homelessness. Now he is in Berkeley’s about this during the 2000 campaign, sponsored the 1935 Social Security law graduate program in city and regional “he laughed and self-deprecatingly and the Wagner Act, “which trans- planning. replied, ‘That’s the difference between formed labor-management relations.” a Phi Beta Kappa and a gentleman’s Wagner was an alumnus of the City Margaret Sanders Ott, still teaching C.’” College of New York. piano in Spokane, Wash., at 83, was named 2003 “Teacher of the Year” by the Music Teachers National Associa- tion, according to The Spokane Spokes- man Review. She joined the Phi Beta Kappa chapter at Mills College at 19. A Los Angeles Times profile of CBS News reporter Bob Simon noted that he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa at Brandeis University. He studied in France on a Fulbright grant and worked in the U.S. foreign service before turning to journalism.

The Charlotte Observer profiled Martha Mason, 65, who was paralyzed Courtesy of the artist, Marc Tyler Nobleman (ΦΒΚ Brandeis 1994), www.mtncartoons.com from the neck down by polio at age 11,

THE KEY REPORTER Periodicals Postage THE PHI BETA KAPPA SOCIETY P A I D 1606 Massachusetts Ave. NW at Washington DC Washington DC 20009 and at additional mailing addresses Tel: (202) 265-3808 Fax: (202) 986-1601

16 The Key Reporter