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SPAD XIII early 1/48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT ProfiPACK #8197 INTRO The French SPAD XIII was a development of the SPAD VII. The SPAD VII was flown by Georges Guynemer, who was not particularly pleased with the type, especially when compared to the aircraft flown by his German adversaries. He took his concerns directly to the manufacturer. Because by this time, Guynemer was already well known in French life in general, his concerns were taken seriously. With that, the groundwork for the development of two more models were laid, the SPAD XII and SPAD XIII. While the SPAD XII was armed with a 37 mm cannon, and as such saw limited production and use by very experienced pilots, the SPAD XIII saw much more widespread use. Thanks to the use of a more powerful Hispano-Suiza HS 8Be engine rated at 220 hp, and later the HS 8BEe (235 hp), the main drawback of the previous model in the form of inadequate armament could be addressed, and the SPAD XIII received two Vickers machine guns with 400 rpg. The head designer of the type, Louis Bechereau also enlarged the airframe slightly, and strengthened it. The first prototype of the SPAD XIII was flown by Second Lieutenant Rene Dorme on April 4th, 1917. Due to a heavier weight, the new type didn’t achieve the maneuverability of its predecessor, but it did display a better rate of climb, and a faster speed of 215 km/h. The performance of the new type was such that contracts were immediately awarded for large production numbers. This was ultimately participated in by nine manufacturers (SPAD, A.C.M., Bernard, Bleriot, Borel, Kellner, Levasseur, Nieuport, and SAFCA). The new type began reaching units during the summer of 1917. The type was flown by a list of well-known and successful pilots - Frenchman Rene Fonck (75 kills), Italian Francesco Baracca (34 kills), Americans Eddie Rickenbacker (26 victories), Frank Luke (18 kills) and the aforementioned Georges Guynemer. Besides the French air force, the SPAD XIII was also flown by Great Britain, USA, Italy, Belgium, and, after the First World War, with Poland and the former Czechoslovakia. Originally, the aircraft had rounded wingtips, but these soon reverted back to the squared off tips of the SPAD VII. This kit is dedicated to aircraft of the initial production phase. flown by Lt. E. Maurice Jean-Paul Boyau, Escadrille No. 77, E Manoncourt-en-Vermois, France, March 1918 FOR COMPLETE PROFILE PLEASE REFER KOMPLETNÍ KAMUFLÁŽNÍ SCHÉMA NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com 8197 - NAV1 ATTENTION UPOZORNĚNÍ ACHTUNG ATTENTION Carefully read instruction sheet before assembling. When you use glue or paint, do not use near open flame and use in well ventilated room. Keep out of reach of small children. Children must not be allowed to suck any part, or pull vinyl bag over the head. Před započetím stavby si pečlivě prostudujte stavební návod. Při používání barev a lepidel pracujte v dobře větrané místnosti. Lepidla ani barvy nepoužívejte v blízkosti otevřeného ohně. Model není určen malým dětem, mohlo by dojít k požití drobných dílů. INSTRUCTION SIGNS INSTR. SYMBOLY INSTRUKTION SINNBILDEN SYMBOLES OPTIONAL BEND SAND OPEN HOLE SYMETRICAL ASSEMBLY REMOVE REVERSE SIDE APPLY EDUARD MASK VOLBA OHNOUT BROUSIT VYVRTAT OTVOR SYMETRICKÁ MONTÁŽ ODŘÍZNOUT OTOČIT AND PAINT POUŽÍT EDUARD MASK NABARVIT PARTS DÍLY TEILE PIECES PLASTIC PARTS A> C> 8195 C 5 3 2 6 7 8195 A eduard 1 8 1 2 3 9 5 4 4 21 10 16 9 10 13 19 20 19 8 14 6 11 12 15 17 7 18 PE - PHOTO ETCHED DETAIL PARTS D> 8195 D 4 6 7 E> 2 13 1 3 8 9 12 14 15 1 2 5 8195 E 10 11 19 21 22 16 29 23 24 18 31 33 18 25 26 32 3 17 20 27 28 30 30 35 39 40 44 45 37 37 34 41 41 44 36 38 42 42 43 -Parts not for use. -Teile werden nicht verwendet. -Pieces a ne pas utiliser. -Tyto díly nepoužívejte při stavbě. - COLOURS BARVY FARBEN PEINTURE GSi Creos (GUNZE) MISSION MODELS AQUEOUS Mr.COLOR PAINTS GSi Creos (GUNZE) MISSION MODELS H10 C10 MMP-004 COPPER AQUEOUS Mr.COLOR PAINTS H12 C33 MMP-047 FLAT BLACK H77 C137 MMP-040 TIRE BLACK H37 C43 MMP-012 WOOD BROWN H303 C303 MMP-066 GREEN H47 C41 MMP-012 RED BROWN H323 C323 MMP-019 LIGHT BLUE H51 C11 MMP-063 LIGHT GULL GRAY Mr.METAL COLOR METALLICS H53 C13 MMP-012 NEUTRAL GRAY MC214 MMM-001 DARK IRON H64 C17 MMP-087 DARK GREEN MC218 MMM-003 ALUMINIUM H66 C119 MMP-119 SAND YELLOW MC219 MMM-009 BRASS H85 C45 MMP-019 SAIL COLOR Mr.COLOR SUPER METALLIC METALLICS H72 C22 MMP-078 DARK EARTH SM01 MMC-001 SUPER CHROME 2 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN A1 PE23 decal 49 PE10 MC214 MMM 001 DARK IRON D21 H12 MMP H37 C33 047 MC219 C43 FLAT BLACK MMM WOOD BROWN 009 BRASS PE16 A2 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN PE15 MC214 MMM 001 DARK IRON D33 MC219 MMM 009 BRASS A2 MC218 MMM 003 ALUMINIUM A1 C13 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN MC218 MMM 003 ALUMINIUM MC218 MMM 003 C14 ALUMINIUM MC218 C10 MMM D45 003 ALUMINIUM 3 H12 MMP C33 047 FLAT BLACK MC218 D5 MMM 003 H53 H12 MMP ALUMINIUM C13 MC218 C33 047 NEUTRAL GRAY MMM FLAT BLACK 003 D4 ALUMINIUM D31 D19 MC218 MMM H37 003 C43 ALUMINIUM C3 WOOD BROWN MC219 MMM decal 46 PE9 MC218 009 MMM BRASS 003 A7 ALUMINIUM H53 C13 NEUTRAL GRAY D29 MC218 MC219 MMM PE5 003 MMM ALUMINIUM 009 D22 C4 BRASS H12 MMP D12 C33 047 FLAT BLACK PE12 H10 MMP C10 004 COPPER H12 MMP D45 C33 047 decal 48 PE6 decal 51 FLAT BLACK H10 MMP C10 004 PE7 decal 47 COPPER D27 H10 MMP PE13 C10 004 D28 D26 COPPER decal 50 H37 C43 PE14 PE11 WOOD BROWN C3 D35 decal 53 decal 54 H37 D25 C43 WOOD BROWN PE8 D17 decal 45 MC219 MMM 009 H37 BRASS C43 WOOD BROWN MC219 MMM C4 009 BRASS MC218 MMM 003 A8 ALUMINIUM H53 C13 NEUTRAL GRAY H12 MMP C33 047 C4 PE4 FLAT BLACK C4 4 PE17 PE17 PE18 PE19 PE21 PE22 C3 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN C21 H47 MMP C41 012 RED BROWN C15 C15 D11 C1 H47 MMP C17 C41 012 RED BROWN PE20 H53 H47 MMP C13 C41 012 NEUTRAL GRAY RED BROWN H53 C13 NEUTRAL GRAY PE20 C8 5 MC218 A4 D18 A MMM 003 ALUMINIUM D18 MC218 MMM 003 ALUMINIUM A5 B C16 MC218 D43 MMM 003 ALUMINIUM MC219 MMM 009 D38 BRASS DO NOT GLUE! NELEPIT! B MC214 MMM 001 DARK IRON C19 C19 PE1, PE3 - MARKING A A ONLY H12 MMP PE1 C33 047 C18 D32 FLAT BLACK D36 H12 MMP C33 047 FLAT BLACK PE2 C20 D39 left D40 right PE3 MC214 MMM 001 DARK IRON B C E C11 left C9 right E1 - MARKINGS ; ; E2 - MARKINGS A ; D MARKINGS A ; E MC218 E1 E2 MC218 MMM MMM D24 003 003 ALUMINIUM ALUMINIUM D10 D23 D15 MARKINGS B ; C ; D C9 C11 D16 6 C D D30 D30 D6 D7 D9 D8 A3 D37 C H53 C13 D1 NEUTRAL GRAY D44 D34 D3 H37 D44 C43 WOOD BROWN H37 C43 WOOD BROWN D2 D37 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN D H53 C13 NEUTRAL GRAY D13 H37 D14 C43 WOOD BROWN 7 A6 A6 A6 2 pcs. 2 pcs. DO NOT GLUE! NELEPIT! D42 C2 DO NOT GLUE! NELEPIT! C12 D42 C5 A6 H37 C43 WOOD BROWN C7 MC214 MMM 001 DARK IRON 8 A flown by Adj. Jacques Roques, Escadrille No. 48, France, Fall 1917 Combat operations were also participated in by citizens of countries outside of the warring nations. Among them was Paris- born, but Swiss by citizenship, Jacques Roques. He flew with Escadrille No.48, which had a rooster head as its emblem. Its motto was ‘Chante et Combat’ (Sing and Fight), which seemed rather appropriate at the time. Roques gained five confirmed kills with the French air force, and two more unconfirmed ones, all while serving with Escadrille No.48. B flown by Cne. Georges Guynemer, Escadrille No. 3, France, September 1917 Only a few fliers were able to achieve the honor of becoming certified celebrities in their lifetime. Into this category, we can certainly add without reservation the Frenchman Georges Guynemer. Georges Guynemer entered the armed forces as a volunteer in November 1914. He joined the air force in April 1915, where he would end up with Escadrille No.3, at the time equipped with the Morane-Saulnier monoplane. His first victory came by July 15th, 1915, and continually rose to eventually hit 53. He also had 35 unconfirmed kills. His most productive day came on May 25th, 1917, when he accounted for four confirmed victories. He became the first allied pilot to down a German Gotha G.III on February 8th, 1917. On the other hand, he managed to survive being shot down seven times, despite never having a parachute at his disposal. Guynemer’s fate was sealed on September 11th, 1917, during combat. He fell victim to Lt. Kurt Wissemann, member of Jasta 3. flown by Lt. J.D. Hewett, No. 23 Squadron, Royal Flying Corps, France, C February 1918 This aircraft was built under license by Kellner, one of nine manufacturers of the SPAD XIII. On February 19th, 1918, Lt. Hewett shot down a German two-seat aircraft flying this SPAD. A week later, on February 26th, 1918, this aircraft fell into the hands of Germany virtually undamaged, when it was forced to land by Adolf Ritter von Tutschek (total 27 victories) of Jasta 12 flying the Fokker Dr.I.
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    THE FORTY-SIXTH HARMON MEMORIAL LECTURE IN MILITARY HISTORY The Wright Brothers and the Birth of the Air Age Tom D. Crouch United States Air Force Academy 2003 2 The Wright Brothers and the Birth of the Air Age TOM D. CROUCH National Air and Space Museum THE HARMON MEMORIAL LECTURES IN MILITARY HISTORY NUMBER FORTY-SIX United States Air Force Academy Colorado 2003 3 THE HARMON LECTURES IN MILITARY HISTORY The oldest and most prestigious lecture series at the Air Force Academy, the Harmon Memorial Lectures in Military History originated with Lieutenant General Hubert R. Harmon, the Academy's first superintendent (1954-1956) and a serious student of military history. General Harmon believed that history should play a vital role in the new Air Force Academy curriculum. Meeting with the History Department on one occasion, he described General George S. Patton, Jr.'s visit to the West Point library before departing for the North African campaign. In a flurry of activity Patton and the librarians combed the West Point holdings for historical works that might be useful to him in the coming months. Impressed by Patton's regard for history and personally convinced of history's great value, General Harmon believed that cadets should study the subject during each of their four years at the Academy. General Harmon fell ill with cancer soon after launching the Air Force Academy at Lowry Air Force Base in Denver in 1954. He died in February 1957. He had completed a monumental task over the preceding decade as the chief planner for the new service academy and as its first superintendent.
  • The Birth of American Airpower in World War I Commemorating the 100Th Anniversary of the US Entry Into the “Great War” Dr

    The Birth of American Airpower in World War I Commemorating the 100Th Anniversary of the US Entry Into the “Great War” Dr

    The Birth of American Airpower in World War I Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the US Entry into the “Great War” Dr. Bert Frandsen* Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed or implied in the Journal are those of the authors and should not be construed as carrying the official sanction of the Department of Defense, Air Force, Air Education and Training Command, Air University, or other agencies or departments of the US government. This article may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission. If it is reproduced, the Air and Space Power Journal requests a courtesy line. lthough the Wright Brothers invented the airplane, the birth of American air- power did not take place until the United States entered the First World War. When Congress declared war on 6 April 1917, the American air arm was Anothing more than a small branch of the Signal Corps, and it was far behind the air forces of the warring European nations. The “Great War,” then in its third year, had *Portions of this article have been previously published by the author who has written extensively on American airpower in World War I. The article, in whole, has not been previously published. 60 | Air & Space Power Journal The Birth of American Airpower in World War I nothing more than a small branch of the Signal Corps, and it was far behind the air forces of the warring European nations. The “Great War,” then in its third year, had witnessed the development of large air services with specialized aircraft for the missions of observation, bombardment, and pursuit.