DOCSLIB.ORG

Molecular Identification and Morphological Characteristics Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Molecular Identification and Morphological Characteristics Of Org Divers Evol (2014) 14:369–382 DOI 10.1007/s13127-014-0176-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Molecular identification and morphological characteristics of native and invasive Asian brush-clawed crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) from Japanese and German coasts: Hemigrapsus penicillatus (De Haan, 1835) versus Hemigrapsus takanoi Asakura & Watanabe 2005 Alexandra Markert & Michael J. Raupach & Alexandra Segelken-Voigt & Achim Wehrmann Received: 16 April 2013 /Accepted: 14 May 2014 /Published online: 5 June 2014 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2014 Abstract Since 1994, Hemigrapsus penicillatus, an Asian individuals to provide a comparative description. While morpho- brush-clawed shore crab, spreads along Northeast Atlantic logical identification was not confidently feasible, our molecular coasts. There is evidence that the most recently described results confirm the existence of Hemigrapsus takanoi as a closely and widely accepted sibling species of H. penicillatus,namely related species to H. penicillatus and have identified H. takanoi Hemigrapsus takanoi, represents the Asian brush-clawed to be the alien brush-clawed crab species in Germany. brachyuran crab in Europe. Morphological characteristics are Furthermore, most of the analysed specimens from Japan and considered insufficient for species discrimination, and molecular all additional NCBI-listed brush-clawed crabs from Japan, Korea analyses were recommended but have to date not been per- and China which were traditionally classified as H. penicillatus formed in Europe. To clarify the identity of the non-indigenous in Asia, are de facto H. takanoi. Asian brush-clawed crab species, which has been invading in- tertidal alien Crassostrea reefs in the Wadden Sea, we analysed Keywords Sibling species . DNA barcoding . 16S rDNA . more than 3.5 kpb of mitochondrial and nuclear genes of indi- NaK-ATPase . Bioinvasion . North Sea viduals from invaded German sites and from native Japanese sites. In addition to molecular analyses, we also document key morphological and morphometric characteristics of the same Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article Brachyuran crabs play a major role in marine bioinvasions of (doi:10.1007/s13127-014-0176-4) contains supplementary material, estuaries and coasts worldwide (Brockerhoff and McLay 2011). which is available to authorized users. One of the best studied invaders is the European shore or green A. Markert (*) : A. Segelken-Voigt : A. Wehrmann crab Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758), which was first reported Marine Research Department, Senckenberg am Meer, Suedstrand 40, from the Northwest Atlantic in 1817. In the meantime, this crab 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany has established itself along the west coast of North America, as e-mail: [email protected] well as in South Africa, Japan, Patagonia and Australia (Cohen M. J. Raupach et al. 1995; Hidalgo et al. 2005). Furthermore, the infamous German Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Senckenberg am Meer, Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne Edwards, Suedstrand 44, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany 1853) has invaded the Northeast Atlantic, the North and Baltic Seas and the Mediterranean and has also established populations A. Markert : A. Wehrmann Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), along the west, and most recently the east coast of North America Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany (Cohen and Carlton 1997;Wolff2005;Ruizetal.2006; Veilleux and de Lafontaine 2007). Present Address: In the same context, the western Pacific Asian shore crab A. Segelken-Voigt Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of Hemigrapsus sanguineus (de Haan, 1853), which established Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany populations in the Northwest Atlantic in the 1990s 370 A. Markert et al. (McDermott 1991, 1998; Lohrer and Whitlatch 2002; length polymorphism (RFLP) approach based on a short Kraemer et al. 2007; Griffen et al. 2008), is known to have a sequence fragment of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA high invading potential with rapid range expansion. It was (rRNA) gene of several specimens that were collected along introduced to the Northeast Atlantic (Breton et al. 2002; the coast of Japan. Their results supported the validity of the D’Udekem d’Acoz and Faasse 2002; Dauvin 2009;Dauvin sibling species status. Individuals with mixed or unclear mor- et al. 2009) and the North Sea in 1999 (D’Udekem d’Acoz and phological characteristics were here attributed to Faasse 2002; Campbell and Nijland 2004;Wolff2005). H. penicillatus. The first 16S rDNA sequence from a single Contemporaneously, a brush-clawed Asian shore crab species, specimen collected in 1996 in France (Schubart et al. 2001) identified as Hemigrapsus penicillatus (De Haan, 1835), was showed higher similarity to H. takanoi than to H. penicillatus introduced into Northeast Atlantic waters. In 1993, Gollasch (Yamasaki et al. 2011). However, the authors conceded that (1999) first recognized H. penicillatus in Europe when he found morphological characteristics may not be distinct enough to several specimens on a ship’s hull of a car-carrier in the harbour distinguish between species, especially when small individ- of Bremerhaven (Weser Estuary, Germany, North Sea). uals are examined. However, a reproductive population failed to become In summary, there is increasing evidence that the newly established. Nevertheless, brush-clawed crabs invaded the described and widely accepted sibling species H. takanoi Atlantic coast near La Rochelle in 1994 (Noël et al. 1997), seems to represent the brush-clawed invader in Europe. Its expanding its range north and south along French and Spanish introduction was presumably caused by transportation Atlantic coasts (D’Udekem d’Acoz and Faasse 2002; Noël and through hull fouling or ballast water. Mingkid et al. (2006) Gruet 2008). First records from the French site in the British found that H. penicillatus was predominantly distributed in Channel (Vincent and Breton 1999;Bretonetal.2002;Dauvin the outer sections of Tokyo Bay, whereas H. takanoi occurred et al. 2009; Dauvin and Delhay 2010; Dumoulin 2004;Soors mainly in the bay. As port operations concentrate to the inner et al. 2010) and in the North Sea (Nijland and Beekman 2000; sections of bays (Gollasch 1999), the distribution pattern Nijland 2006; Obert et al. 2007; Gittenberger et al. 2010) found by Mingkid et al. (2006) supports the assumption of document the spread of the species (Fig. 1a). However, first Asakura and Watanabe (2005) that European waters were sightings along European coastlines probably reflect multiple mostlikelyinvadedbyH. takanoi and not by independent introductions (Fig. 1a: 1994 French Atlantic, 1997 H. penicillatus. On the other hand, both species occur sym- French British Channel, 2000 The Netherlands). patrically in Japan and may thus also coexist in European Several years after the discovery of the Asian brush-clawed waters because of their similar ecology (Yamasaki et al. crab species in the Northeast Atlantic, two sympatric forms 2011). European scientists refer to H. takanoi in more recent (form I, II) of H. penicillatus in the Nanakita River (Japan) records and publications, even though morphological features were identified based on allozyme gel electrophoresis of 12 are considered insufficient for species discrimination and mo- enzymes (Takano et al. 1997). In 2005, Asakura and Watanabe lecular analyses have been recommended but have to date not (2005) described the newly discovered sibling species (form II) been performed in Europe. as Hemigrapsus takanoi, and a detailed examination of species- specific morphological characteristics of several individuals in Study aims Tokyo Bay was carried out by Mingkid et al. (2006). In contrast to these studies, Sakai (2007) re-examined the material from Morphological analyses of Asian brush-clawed crabs from Asakura and Watanabe (2005) and pointed out that the ob- intertidal Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) reefs in the served variation in pigmentationpatternsisnotausefultool Central Wadden Sea (Germany) revealed interindividual sim- for the discrimination of the two species. He also emphasized ilarity but rather mixed or contrasting characteristics when that male first pleopods showed no fundamental difference in compared with species-specific morphological features de- morphology and therefore concluded that H. takanoi has to be scribed in the existing literature. As a consequence, the inva- regarded as a synonym of H. penicillatus (Sakai 2007). In their sive brush-clawed crab in our study area has thus not confi- reply, Asakura et al. (2008) discussed the revalidation of dently been identified as either H. penicillatus or H. takanoi. H. takanoi and pointed out that Sakai (2007) had confused To clarify the identity of the alien species, two mitochon- the most reliable criteria separating the two species. Sakai’s drial (partial COI, partial 16S rDNA) and two nuclear genes data clearly show that H. penicillatus has dark spots on abdom- (partial sodium-potassium ATPase α-subunit, complete 18S inal somites which were missing in H. takanoi. However, rDNA) of several German and Japanese specimens were Asakura et al. (2008) did not comment on discrepancies men- analysed (Fig. 1, Table 1). In addition to molecular analyses, tionedbySakai(2007) concerning the morphology of male first key morphological characteristics were assessed. As such this pleopods. is the first integrative approach providing a specimen-specific Most recently,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Establishment of a Taxonomic and Molecular Reference Collection to Support the Identification of Species Regulated by the Wester
    Management of Biological Invasions (2017) Volume 8, Issue 2: 215–225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2017.8.2.09 Open Access © 2017 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2017 REABIC Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Marine Bioinvasions (19–21 January 2016, Sydney, Australia) Research Article Establishment of a taxonomic and molecular reference collection to support the identification of species regulated by the Western Australian Prevention List for Introduced Marine Pests P. Joana Dias1,2,*, Seema Fotedar1, Julieta Munoz1, Matthew J. Hewitt1, Sherralee Lukehurst2, Mathew Hourston1, Claire Wellington1, Roger Duggan1, Samantha Bridgwood1, Marion Massam1, Victoria Aitken1, Paul de Lestang3, Simon McKirdy3,4, Richard Willan5, Lisa Kirkendale6, Jennifer Giannetta7, Maria Corsini-Foka8, Steve Pothoven9, Fiona Gower10, Frédérique Viard11, Christian Buschbaum12, Giuseppe Scarcella13, Pierluigi Strafella13, Melanie J. Bishop14, Timothy Sullivan15, Isabella Buttino16, Hawis Madduppa17, Mareike Huhn17, Chela J. Zabin18, Karolina Bacela-Spychalska19, Dagmara Wójcik-Fudalewska20, Alexandra Markert21,22, Alexey Maximov23, Lena Kautsky24, Cornelia Jaspers25, Jonne Kotta26, Merli Pärnoja26, Daniel Robledo27, Konstantinos Tsiamis28,29, Frithjof C. Küpper30, Ante Žuljević31, Justin I. McDonald1 and Michael Snow1 1Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, PO Box 20 North Beach 6920, Western Australia; 2School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia; 3Chevron
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Invasive Species in the Northeastern and Southwestern Atlantic
    This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published version of this work (the version of record) is published by Elsevier in Marine Pollution Bulletin. Corrected proofs were made available online on the 24 January 2017 at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.048. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher's policies. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. Invasive species in the Northeastern and Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a review Maria Cecilia T. de Castroa,b, Timothy W. Filemanc and Jason M Hall-Spencerd,e a School of Marine Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth & Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK. [email protected]. +44(0)1752 633 100. b Directorate of Ports and Coasts, Navy of Brazil. Rua Te filo Otoni, 4 - Centro, 20090-070. Rio de Janeiro / RJ, Brazil. c PML Applications Ltd, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK. d Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, Plymouth University, PL4 8AA, UK. e Shimoda Marine Research Centre, University of Tsukuba, Japan. Abstract The spread of non-native species has been a subject of increasing concern since the 1980s when human- as a major vector for species transportation and spread, although records of non-native species go back as far as 16th Century. Ever increasing world trade and the resulting rise in shipping have highlighted the issue, demanding a response from the international community to the threat of non-native marine species. In the present study, we searched for available literature and databases on shipping and invasive species in the North-eastern (NE) and South-western (SW) Atlantic Ocean and assess the risk represented by the shipping trade between these two regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Central Pacific Crustaceans by CHARLES HOWARD EDMONDSON Bernice P
    OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF BERNICE P. BISHOP MUSEUM HONOLULU, HAWAII I Volume XX August 29, 1951 NumJ>er 13 Some Central Pacific Crustaceans By CHARLES HOWARD EDMONDSON BERNIce P. BtSHOJ' MOSEtrM INTRODUCTION The following report on crustaceans selected from materia1lwhich has accumulated in Bishop Museum for several years inc1uder (1), new species, (2) known species as new Hawaiian records, an,(i (3) known species rarely recorded in the central Pacific. Recently, valuable collections have been received as a result of the current dredging operations of the M alliin, a boat of the Fi hand Game Division, Territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry. These collections clearly reveal the presence of a crustacean fauna a ut the Hawaiian Islands. at depths of about 10 fathoms and beyond, which is not seen on the shallow reefs. Many of the unique species taken nearly 50 years ago by the Albatross of the United States Fis Com~ mission have again been brought to view. Other rare crustaceans recorded in the report were receive1 from the Honolulu Aquarium and came from fish traps operated b~ com­ mercial fishermen off the coast of Oahu at depths ranging aro~nd 16 fathoms. These specimens show that fauna at these depths har close affinities with that of the western Pacific and the Indian Ocej. It is well known that many organisms, both land and marine ~orrns, have been introduced into the Hawaiian area within recent I.years, chiefly as a result of war activities. Ocean-going craft returning to Hawaii from forward areas in the Pacific transport on theil' hulls marine organisms not previously recognized among local shore fauna, and some of these inunigrants become established in the new e9viron­ ment.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemigrapsus Asian Crab
    NONINDIGENOUS SPECIES INFORMATION BULLETIN: Asian shore crab, Japanese shore crab, Pacific crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan) (Arthropoda: Grapsidae) IDENTIFICATION: The Asian shore crab has a square-shaped shell with 3 spines on each side of the carapace. The carapace color ranges from green to purple to orange-brown to red. It has light and dark bands along its legs and red spots on its claws. Male crabs have a distinctive fleshy, bulb-like structure at the base of the moveable finger on the claws. This species is small with adults ranging from 35 mm (1.5 in) to 42 mm (1.65 in) in carapace width. NATIVE RANGE: Hemigrapsus sanguineus is indigenous to the western Pacific Ocean from Russia, along the Korean and Chinese coasts to Hong Kong, and the Japanese archipelago. LIFE HISTORY: This species is an opportunistic omnivore, feeding on macroalgae, salt marsh grass, larval and juvenile fish, and small invertebrates such as amphipods, gastropods, bivalves, barnacles, and polychaetes. The Asian shore crab is highly reproductive with a breeding season from May to September, twice the length of native crabs. The females are capable of producing 50,000 eggs per clutch with 3-4 clutches per breeding season. The larvae are suspended in the water for approximately one month before developing into juvenile crabs. Actual carapace width of Because of this, the larvae have the ability to be specimen is ~ 20 mm transported over great distances, a possible means Asian Shore Crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) of new introductions. (Specimen courtesy of Susan Park, University of Delaware) HABITAT: This versatile crab inhabits any shallow hard-bottom intertidal or sometimes subtidal habitat.
    [Show full text]
  • SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 the Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011
    PICES SPECIAL PUBLICATION 6 The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the Great Japan Tsunami of 2011 Editors: Cathryn Clarke Murray, Thomas W. Therriault, Hideaki Maki, and Nancy Wallace Authors: Stephen Ambagis, Rebecca Barnard, Alexander Bychkov, Deborah A. Carlton, James T. Carlton, Miguel Castrence, Andrew Chang, John W. Chapman, Anne Chung, Kristine Davidson, Ruth DiMaria, Jonathan B. Geller, Reva Gillman, Jan Hafner, Gayle I. Hansen, Takeaki Hanyuda, Stacey Havard, Hirofumi Hinata, Vanessa Hodes, Atsuhiko Isobe, Shin’ichiro Kako, Masafumi Kamachi, Tomoya Kataoka, Hisatsugu Kato, Hiroshi Kawai, Erica Keppel, Kristen Larson, Lauran Liggan, Sandra Lindstrom, Sherry Lippiatt, Katrina Lohan, Amy MacFadyen, Hideaki Maki, Michelle Marraffini, Nikolai Maximenko, Megan I. McCuller, Amber Meadows, Jessica A. Miller, Kirsten Moy, Cathryn Clarke Murray, Brian Neilson, Jocelyn C. Nelson, Katherine Newcomer, Michio Otani, Gregory M. Ruiz, Danielle Scriven, Brian P. Steves, Thomas W. Therriault, Brianna Tracy, Nancy C. Treneman, Nancy Wallace, and Taichi Yonezawa. Technical Editor: Rosalie Rutka Please cite this publication as: The views expressed in this volume are those of the participating scientists. Contributions were edited for Clarke Murray, C., Therriault, T.W., Maki, H., and Wallace, N. brevity, relevance, language, and style and any errors that [Eds.] 2019. The Effects of Marine Debris Caused by the were introduced were done so inadvertently. Great Japan Tsunami of 2011, PICES Special Publication 6, 278 pp. Published by: Project Designer: North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) Lori Waters, Waters Biomedical Communications c/o Institute of Ocean Sciences Victoria, BC, Canada P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2 Feedback: www.pices.int Comments on this volume are welcome and can be sent This publication is based on a report submitted to the via email to: [email protected] Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan, in June 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Humane Slaughter of Edible Decapod Crustaceans
    animals Review Humane Slaughter of Edible Decapod Crustaceans Francesca Conte 1 , Eva Voslarova 2,* , Vladimir Vecerek 2, Robert William Elwood 3 , Paolo Coluccio 4, Michela Pugliese 1 and Annamaria Passantino 1 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 981 68 Messina, Italy; [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (A.P.) 2 Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] 3 School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; [email protected] 4 Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence-Viale Pieraccini, 6-50139 Firenze, Italy; paolo.coluccio@unifi.it * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Decapods respond to noxious stimuli in ways that are consistent with the experi- ence of pain; thus, we accept the need to provide a legal framework for their protection when they are used for human food. We review the main methods used to slaughter the major decapod crustaceans, highlighting problems posed by each method for animal welfare. The aim is to identify methods that are the least likely to cause suffering. These methods can then be recommended, whereas other methods that are more likely to cause suffering may be banned. We thus request changes in the legal status of this group of animals, to protect them from slaughter techniques that are not viewed as being acceptable. Abstract: Vast numbers of crustaceans are produced by aquaculture and caught in fisheries to Citation: Conte, F.; Voslarova, E.; meet the increasing demand for seafood and freshwater crustaceans.
    [Show full text]
  • IS the INVASIVE ASIAN SHORE CRAB (Hemigrapsus Sanguineus) EXPANDING INTO UPPER BARNEGAT BAY?
    IS THE INVASIVE ASIAN SHORE CRAB (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) EXPANDING INTO UPPER BARNEGAT BAY? Kristen Ranges2, Kylie Johnson1, Jeffrey Webb1, and Emily Cristiano1 1 Monmouth University Marine and Environmental Biology and Policy Program 2 University of Delaware School of Marine Science and Policy Faculty Mentor: Dean John A. Tiedemann, Department of Biology Funding Sources: Urban Coast Institute Marine Science and Policy Initiative and Santander Bank ABSTRACT The Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) is native to low energy rocky intertidal habitats along the east coast of Asia. They are thought to have been introduced to the mid-Atlantic and northeast coasts of the United States through ship ballast water. Their presence in North America was first discovered in 1988 at Townsends Inlet, New Jersey. Their populations have increased and spread rapidly since that time. Along the Atlantic coast, their range now extends from North Carolina to Maine. In the Barnegat Bay region, there have been reports of H. sanguineus along the Barnegat Inlet and Manasquan Inlet jetties since the early 1990s; however, no records of their presence in characteristics habitats within the bay existed prior to 2013. In the summers of 2012 and 2013, macrozooplankton samples we collected in upper Barnegat Bay contained megalopae larvae of H. sanguineus. In July 2013, preliminary field surveys at sites characteristic of the crab’s usual rocky intertidal habitat revealed the presence of adult crabs inhabiting an area of rip-rap in the upper bay at the Bay Head Shores Beach Club. Field surveys conducted this summer at these same sites included seining to identify possible prey species available to H.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemigrapsus Takanoi Potential in the GULF of MAINE Brush-Clawed Shore Crab Invader
    GUIDE TO MARINE INVADERS Hemigrapsus takanoi Potential IN THE GULF OF MAINE brush-clawed shore crab Invader PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION • 3 lateral spines on each side of a square-shaped carapace (shell) • Light and dark banded legs with small, dark spots on the claws • Light brown to yellow, fuzzy growth (setal patch) at base of pincers on males’ claws (chelae) • Color variable: commonly orange-brown, also green and maroon • Carapace width up to 1 in (2.5 cm) Adriann Gittenberger fuzzy growth between pincers small dark spots on claws 3 lateral spines square-shaped carapace HABITAT PREFERENCE • Occurs primarily in mid to low intertidal zone banded legs and occassionally in the subtidal zone • Typically found among rocks and cobbles Male Hemigrapsus takanoi (dorsal view) but may also be found in soft sediments © Rob Gough 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GUIDE TO MARINE INVADERS Hemigrapsus takanoi Potential IN THE GULF OF MAINE brush-clawed shore crab Invader INVASION STATUS & ECOLOGICAL CONCERNS Found in rocky intertidal habitats, Hemigrapsus takanoi is a native of the western Pacific Ocean, ranging from Northern Japan to China. Its invasion in Europe was first documented in 1993, and now includes France, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Germany. In some areas, it has been found in densities as high as 20 individuals/m2. It has most likely been transported by ballast water. Scientists have identified this crab species as a likely candidate to invade North American waters. This species, like its close relative Hemigrapsus sanguineus, can produce up to 50,000 eggs three to four times during the spawning season, compared to our region’s native crabs that reproduce twice each year.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Indigenous Species Inventory of Estuarine Intertidal Areas; a Comparison of Estuaries and Habitats Using a Hard Substrate Transect Methodology
    Non-indigenous species inventory of estuarine intertidal areas; a comparison of estuaries and habitats using a hard substrate transect methodology. Pilot study within the frame of the INTERREG IV A 2 Seas project SEFINS commissioned by the NVWA. Sander Wijnhoven1, Anke Engelberts1, Angela Dekker1, et al. 1Monitor Taskforce, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) Final report September, 2015 Photos cover from left to lower right: a) View on the marina of Breskens with on the foreground an intertidal habitat gradient from high to low intertidal area; b) Hemigrapsus sanguineus, a non-indigenous species, as here collected at the site of Terneuzen; c) A quadrant in Ascophyllum nodosum dominated habitat, here at the site of Terneuzen, ready to be inventoried. Non-indigenous species inventory of estuarine intertidal areas; a comparison of estuaries and habitats using a hard substrate transect methodology. Pilot study within the frame of the INTERREG IV A 2 Seas project SEFINS commissioned by the NVWA. Sander Wijnhoven1, Anke Engelberts1, Angela Dekker1, et al. 1Monitor Taskforce, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) Final report September, 2015 Study commissioned by the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (EZ) supervised by Sander Smolders (Office of Risk Assessment and Research). Study performed within the frame of the INTERREG IV A 2 Seas project ‘Safeguarding the Environment from Invasive Non-native Species’ (SEFINS), a project within the cross-border
    [Show full text]
  • Hemigrapsus Sanguineus Invasive Species Population Study
    Hemigrapsus sanguineus Invasive Species Population Study David J. Welty, Ph.D. AP Biology Fairhaven High School Grade: 10-12 Affiliated Research Scientist: Nancy O'Connor, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Biology University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, MA Area of Specialization: Ecology of estuarine benthic invertebrates, biology of marine larvae, nonindigenous species I. Theme/Topic: Ecology-Population Study of nonindigenous species The objective of this unit was to conduct a population study on the nonindigenous species Hemigrapsus sanguineus (Asian shore crab). The foundation objective was to introduce students to field research. Since there is much that is still not known about the H. sanguineus, the opportunity exists to conduct novel research. Following the initial studies, a data presentation and discussion will be held with the affiliated research scientist. The students will develop their research into an independent research project to be presented as a poster at a science fair. In addition, the students will participate in a High School Symposium at UMASS-Dartmouth breakout session and will instruct other high school students how to handle H. sanguineus. II. Student Objectives. Student will be able to: 1. Define and give examples of invasive species. 2. Explain how invasive species are introduced into a new environment. 3. Discuss how an invasive species has an impact on an ecosystem. 4. Identify the species and sex of different species of crabs that inhabit the intertidal zone. 5. Assess the water quality of the site. 6. Conduct different population sampling techniques to determine the population of crabs at a site. 7. Graph and analyze the population data for sex ratios, size ratios, and distribution within the intertidal zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Text in Pdf Format
    Vol. 30: 85–99, 2021 AQUATIC BIOLOGY Published July 29 https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00743 Aquat Biol OPEN ACCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Impaired larval development at low salinities could limit the spread of the non-native crab Hemigrapsus takanoi in the Baltic Sea Ola Mohamed Nour1,2,*, Christian Pansch3, Mark Lenz1, Martin Wahl1, Catriona Clemmesen1, Meike Stumpp4 1Department of Marine Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany 2Department of Biology and Geology, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, 21526 Alexandria, Egypt 3Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6, 20520 Åbo, Finland 4Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts University, 24118 Kiel, Germany ABSTRACT: The Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus takanoi, native to the northwest Pacific Ocean, was recently discovered in Kiel Fjord (southwestern Bal - tic Sea). In laboratory experiments, we tested the salinity tolerance of H. takanoi across 8 levels (0 to 35) and across 3 life history stages (larvae, juveniles and adults) to assess its potential to invade the brack- ish Baltic Sea. Larval development at different salin- ities was monitored from hatching to the megalopa stage, while survival and feeding of juveniles and adults were assessed over 17 d. Larvae of H. taka noi were able to complete their development to mega- lopa at salinities ≥ 20 and the time needed after hatch to reach this stage did not differ between salinities of 20, 25, 30 and 35. At a salinity of 15, larvae still reached the last zoea stage (zoea V), but develop- ment to the megalopa stage was not completed. All juveniles and adults survived at salinities from 5 to 35.
    [Show full text]
  • Differential Escape from Parasites by Two Competing Introduced Crabs
    Vol. 393: 83–96, 2009 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published October 30 doi: 10.3354/meps08225 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Differential escape from parasites by two competing introduced crabs April M. H. Blakeslee1,*, Carolyn L. Keogh2, James E. Byers3, Armand M. Kuris4 Kevin D. Lafferty5, Mark E. Torchin6 1Marine Invasions Lab, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, Maryland 21037, USA 2Environmental Studies Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA 3Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA 4Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA 5Western Ecological Research Center, US Geological Survey, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA 6Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092 Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama ABSTRACT: Although introduced species often interact with one another in their novel communities, the role of parasites in these interactions remains less clear. We examined parasite richness and prevalence in 2 shorecrab species with different invasion histories and residency times in an intro- duced region where their distributions overlap broadly. On the northeastern coast of the USA, the Asian shorecrab Hemigrapsus sanguineus was discovered 20 yr ago, while the European green crab Carcinus maenas has been established for over 200 yr. We used literature and field surveys to evalu- ate parasitism in both crabs in their native and introduced ranges. We found only 1 parasite species infecting H. sanguineus on the US East Coast compared to 6 species in its native range, while C. mae- nas was host to 3 parasite species on the East Coast compared to 10 in its native range.
    [Show full text]