Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

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Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Mission

To conduct a comprehensive and scientific monitoring programme that helps safeguard the health of Hong Kong’s marine environment and achieve the Water Quality Objectives.

Disclaimer Whilst the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ("the Government") endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the information in this report, the Government (including its officers and employees) makes no warranty, statement or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, and in so far as permitted by law, shall not have any legal liability or responsibility (including liability for negligence) for any loss, damage, injury and death which may result, whether directly or indirectly, from the supply or use of such information. Users are responsible for making their own assessments of all information contained in this publication before acting on it.

Copyright Notices The information contained in this publication can be used freely for study, research and training purposes subject to acknowledgement of the source. Use of the information for purposes other than those stated above requires prior written permission of the Director of Environmental Protection.

Acknowledgements We acknowledge the following parties for their contributions to the marine water quality report: Government Laboratory for undertaking chemical analyses of water and sediment samples; Marine Department for managing and operating the monitoring vessel Dr. Catherine Lam in conducting field sampling and measurement; Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department for providing information on marine parks, fish culture zones and red tides; Lands Department for providing information on geography and aerial photo of Hong Kong. Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Introduction

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) has a land area of 1,104km2 and 1,651km2 area of marine waters. It has long coastlines, including 461km in Kowloon Peninsula and New Territories and 728km in Hong Kong Island, Lantau Island and other small islands. There are more than 260 islands in the territory, each with an area greater than 500m2. Its coastal waters support a diversity of marine life. To protect the ecology and beneficial uses of Hong Kong marine waters, the Environmental Protection Department (EPD) implemented a comprehensive marine water quality monitoring programme in 1986.

1 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

The aims and objectives of the marine monitoring programme are to: o indicate the state of coastal waters; o assess compliance with the statutory Water Quality Objectives (WQOs); o reveal long-term changes in water quality; o provide a basis for planning water pollution control strategies; o measure the benefit of water quality improvement measures.

Every month, the EPD conducts marine water quality monitoring at 76 sampling stations. The sediment quality monitoring is conducted at 45 stations twice a year. In addition, we monitor water and sediment quality of 17 typhoon shelters, marinas, and dockyard(s) across Hong Kong.

2 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

We also carry out monthly sampling of phytoplankton at 25 monitoring stations.

EPD’s marine monitoring vessel

“Dr. Catherine Lam”

The EPD has a dedicated marine monitoring vessel “Dr. Catherine Lam”. It is equipped with an advanced conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiler linked to a computer-controlled rosette water sampler which takes field measurements and collects water samples at the same time. Marine sediments are collected using bottom sediment grabs. The water and sediment samples are analysed by the EPD’s laboratories and the Government Laboratory for over 80 physical, chemical and biological parameters.

EPD’s laboratory Government Laboratory’s instrument (High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer)

3 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

The State of Hong Kong Marine Waters in 2009

The overall WQO compliance rate of the whole territory is based on the combined individual compliance rates of all stations in the territory for the four important marine WQOs, namely

Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN), Unionised Ammonia (NH3) and E. coli bacteria.

The overall WQOs compliance for 2009 is 87%, higher than those in 2007 (80%) and 2008 (81%) but generally similar to that in 2002-2006 (85% and above).

100

90 87% 87% 87% 87% 85% 87% 87% 83% 82% 81% 85% 79% 83% 80 76% 81% 80% 81% 79% 79% 76% 77%

73% 73%

% WQO compliance 70 70%

60 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year

Overall compliance with the marine Water Quality Objectives in Hong Kong, 1986-2009

4 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

110

100

50 % compliance %

30 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Overall compliance rate for WQOs Year Compliance rate for E. coli objective for secondary contact recreation Compliance rate for DO objective subzones

Compliance rate for NH3 objective Compliance rate for TIN objective

The overall compliance rate with the WQOs and the compliance rates for the four objectives in Hong Kong, 1986-2009

The improvement of the overall WQO compliance rate in 2009 was mainly due to the increase of compliance with TIN objective from 57% in 2008 to 72% in 2009. The compliance rate with DO objective also increased from 82% in 2008 to 86% in 2009 while the compliance with NH3 and E. coli remained the same in the 2 years.

The compliance rates with TIN objective in the Southern, North Western and Victoria Harbour WCZs increased from 0%, 17% and 60% in 2008 to 19%, 83% and 100% in 2009 respectively. The increase of TIN compliance of the North Western WCZ in 2009 also raised its overall compliance rate from 61% in 2008 to 94% in 2009. The lower levels of TIN recorded in Hong Kong waters could be related to the drier weather in 2009 (as well as in Guangdong area) which resulted in less pollutant being discharged into the marine water via surface runoff. According to the Hong Kong Observatory’s (HKO) weather report, the year 2009 was drier than usual and the annual rainfall was 8% less than normal.

In the Victoria Harbour WCZ, the 2009 compliance rate was 93% which was the second highest 5 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

recorded since the commissioning of HATS Stage 1 in 2002, the highest (97%) was recorded in the same year. The increase of compliance was mainly due to the full compliance with TIN objective at all (10) stations in the Victoria Harbour WCZ in 2009, compared with the compliance at only six stations in 2008. The decreasing trend in E. coli and increasing trend in DO level in the Victoria Harbour WCZ, particularly on the eastern side, continued. While the E. coli levels in central and western Victoria Harbour were higher (1600-4700 cfu/100mL) compared with the eastern side, the bactercial levels in the former areas also decreased by 38% from an average of 4500 cfu/100mL in 2006 to 2800 cfu/100mL in 2009.

The overall WQO compliance rate in Deep Bay maintained at 40% in 2009, the same as in 2008. The TIN levels in Inner Deep Bay (DM1, DM2 and DM3) were similar to those in 2008 but remained high (4.8, 3.4 and 1.5 mg/L) compared with the objective (0.7 mg/L). The TIN levels in Outer Deep Bay have been largely stable at 0.7-1.3 mg/L since 2002.

The compliance rates in Port Shelter and Mirs Bay in 2009 were 97% and 98% respectively, slightly lower than their usual rates (100%). The non-compliance with DO objective was due to the lower DO levels recorded at the sea bottom in July and August when the water column was thermally stratified. This phenomenon has also been observed in the past to occur in areas which the water was calmer and deeper during the hot summer months. According to HKO’s record, both July and August were quite warm in 2009, and the mean temperature of 29.4℃ for August was one 1 degree higher than its climatological normal.

The WQO compliance rate in Tolo Harbour was 71% in 2009, compared with 64% in 2008. The improvement was due to the higher compliance with DO objective (43% in 2009 as compared with 29% in 2008). As a landlocked harbour, its bottom water often recorded relatively low DO compliance rate compared with other WCZs (60% – 100%) particularly in summer months.

The compliance rates with the TIN objective in the Southern and North Western WCZs increased from 0% and 17% in 2008 to 19% and 83% in 2009 respectively. The North Western WCZ in 2009 also raised its overall compliance rate from 61% in 2008 to 94% in 2009. It is noted that these two WCZs are under the influence of local discharges as well as the Pearl River Delta. The improvements in TIN compliance rates could be related to the reduced discharge from the Pearl River catchment because of the drier weather observed in the southern area of Guangdong in 2009.

6 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Percentage Water Control Zone Compliance

Mirs Bay 98% Eastern waters Port Shelter 97% Tolo Harbour 71%

Eastern Buffer 100%

Central Junk Bay 100% waters Victoria Harbour 93%

Western Buffer 92% Southern 75% waters Southern North Western 94% Western waters Deep Bay 40% 0 20406080100

Level of compliance with the Water Quality Objectives in the ten Water Control Zones in 2009

7 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Eastern Waters The eastern waters cover an area of 900 km2 which comprises Mirs Bay, Port Shelter and Tolo Harbour & Channel Water Control Zones (WCZs). These waterbodies have beautiful coastlines and good water quality in general which supports a diversity of marine life. Moreover, there are six gazetted bathing beaches (Kiu Tsui, Hap Mun Bay, Trio, Silverstrand, Clear Water Bay First and Clear Water Bay Second Beaches in Port Shelter), three marine parks (Yan Chau Tong, Hoi Ha Wan and Tung Ping Chau), 21 fish culture zones and several secondary contact recreation subzones located within these three WCZs.

Mirs Bay Water Control Zone In 2009, the overall WQO compliance rate of the Mirs Bay Mirs Bay WCZ 110 WCZ was 98%. The non-compliance with DO objective

100 98% was due to the low oxygen levels recorded at the sea

90 bottom in July and August at station MM6 located in the

80 relatively sheltered water in Long Harbour where the % WQO compliance WQO % 70 water was thermally stratified. 67% 60 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year

Other than the relatively low bottom DO level at MM6, the water quality of the Mirs Bay WCZ was generally good in 2009 with high DO at surface and mid-depth, as well as low nutrients and bacteria counts which fully met their respective WQO. The chlorophyll-a level in Mirs Bay remained stable in the past few years, indicating that there was little sign of excessive algal growth in the bay.

8 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Soft coral found in Mirs Bay Soft coral found in Mirs Bay

Port Shelter Water Control Zone As in previous years, the water quality in the Port Shelter Port Shelter WCZ 110 WCZ in 2009 was amongst the best in the territory with high DO and low levels of nutrients and E. coli. Similar 100 97% to Mirs Bay, the 2009 WQO compliance of the Port 90 Shelter WCZ was 97%. The non-compliance with DO 82% % WQO compliance WQO % 80 objective was due to the low oxygen levels recorded at the

70 sea bottom in July and August at station PM7 located near 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year Shelter Island where the water was thermally stratified in the summer months. Because of its excellent water quality, Port Shelter attracts a lot of visitors who enjoy various water sport activities, including swimming, yachting, water skiing and diving every year. The six gazetted bathing beaches in Port Shelter attracted over 1.5 million visitor numbers during the 2009 bathing season.

Hap Mun Bay Beach is located Clear Water Bay Second Beach is one of in Sharp Island the popular bathing beaches in Port Shelter

9 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Tolo Harbour and Channel Water Control Zone The Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ achieved an overall Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ

90 86% WQO compliance rate of 71% in 2009, higher than that in 80 2008 (64%). The harbour water often experienced a

70 71% lower compliance rate with the DO objective (around 43% 60 in 2009) compared with other WCZs (60%-100%). The 50 % WQO compliance WQO % 40 reason is the harbour’s landlocked situation often leads to 40% 30 prolonged period of stratification of the water column 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year inside Tolo Harbour particularly during the hot summer months. The stratification of the water column prevents the mixing of upper and lower water masses and leads to oxygen depletion in the deeper water. As a result, the water in the bottom layer usually experiences non-compliance with DO objective (<2 mg/L).

The water quality of the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ has improved markedly since the implementation of the Tolo Harbour Action Plan in the mid-80s. The Plan includes the control of livestock waste, improvement of sewage treatment facilities, export of treated effluent outside of the harbour to Kai Tak Nullah in Victoria Harbour and extension of village sewerage in the catchment area. As a result of Government’s effort, an improvement of water quality (i.e. decrease in 5-day

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), E. coli, nitrogen and orthophosphate phosphorus measurements) was observed in Tolo Harbour in the past decade.

In 2009, about 96% of marine water samples collected in the Tolo Harbour WCZ met the chlorophyll-a objective. The E. coli level (<10 cfu / 100mL) in the WCZ in 2009 also fully complied with the WQO for secondary contact recreational use (610 cfu / 100mL), which is designated for the entire WCZ.

A steady and continued recovery of water Sea birds flying in Tolo Harbour quality in Tolo Harbour since implementation of the effluent export scheme 10 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Central Waters

The central waters of Hong Kong, including the Victoria Harbour, Eastern Buffer, Western Buffer and Junk Bay WCZs, are important navigational channels and port areas. After the commissioning of the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works under HATS Stage 1 in 2002, about 75% of the sewage around Victoria Harbour now undergoes chemically enhanced primary treatment, resulting in a 70% reduction of the pollution load (in terms of organic pollutants) into the harbour. This also leads to an improvement of water quality in the harbour which can be observed particularly in the Eastern Buffer and Junk Bay WCZs.

Victoria Harbour Water Control Zone In the Victoria Harbour WCZ, the 2009 compliance rate Victoria Harbour WCZ

100 97% was 93%, the second highest recorded since the 93% 90 commissioning of HATS Stage 1 in late 2001 (the highest 80 of 97% was recorded in 2002). The improved 70 compliance was mainly due to the full compliance with 60 % WQO compliance WQO %

50 TIN objective at all (10) stations in Victoria Harbour in 45% 40 2009, compared with the compliance at only six stations in 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year 2008. In general, the water quality improvements (i.e. increase in DO, decreases in nutrients and E. coli) in eastern Victoria Harbour have largely been maintained since the commissioning of HATS Stage 1 in 2002. As the Advanced Disinfection Facilities were still under construction in 2009, the western harbour area (i.e. VM8) around the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works outfall continues to have a higher level of E. coli bacteria. Nevertheless, the E. coli level decreased from 6200 cfu/100mL in 2006 to 4000 cfu/100mL in 2009.

11 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Monitoring vessel and Victoria Harbour Monitoring vessel passing-by

Tsim Sha Tsui seafront

Eastern Buffer and Junk Bay Water Control Zones Since the implementation of the HATS Stage 1 in 2002 by Eastern Buffer WCZ 110 which all sewage generated from Junk Bay (Tseung Kwan

100 100% O) and Eastern Buffer (Chai Wan) was diverted and

90 treated at the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works,

80 the water quality of these two WCZs has improved % WQO compliance WQO % 70 significantly with increasing DO levels and decreasing 67% 60 nutrients and E. coli levels. In 2009, the Eastern Buffer 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year and Junk Bay WCZs achieved full compliance (100%) with the WQOs. The annual geometric means of E. coli

Junk Bay WCZ in these waters were greatly reduced from 400-800 110 cfu/100mL in 2000 to below 60 cfu/100mL in 2009. 100 100%

% WQO compliance WQO % 70 67% 60 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

12 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Water Quality Improvements in the Eastern Buffer and Junk Bay Water Control Zones (1988 – 2009)

Dissolved Oxygen Orthophosphate Phosphorus 7 0.05 6.5 6.5 6.5 0.040 0.039 0.04 6 5.9 5.8 5.5 N 0.03 (mg/L) (mg/L) 5 (mg/L) Kowloon 5.1 0.02 4.5 5.1 Junk Bay 0.012 4 0.010 JM3 0.01 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 JM4 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 year EM1 Eastern Buffer year Hong Kong Island EM2

EM3 Total Inorganic Nitrogen E. coli 0.5 1200

WQO for 1000 0.4 1000 JBWCZ 710 0.32 Eastern Buffer 800 WQO for 0.3 WCZ EBWCZ Junk Bay WCZ 600 0.2 (mg/L) 0.26 0.12 400

0.10 (cfu/100mL) 0.1 200 52 0 0 15 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 year year Remarks : HATS Stage 1 commissioned in end 2001

The HATS Stage 1 Work helps to improve the water quality of Victoria Harbour markedly, particularly in the Eastern Buffer and Junk Bay WCZs. For Eastern Buffer and Junk Bay WCZs :

• Dissolved oxygen levels increased by 6 - 9%;

• Nutrient levels, in terms of total inorganic nitrogen and ortho-phosphate phosphorus decreased by Junk more than 20%; Bay • E. coli reduced by over 80%.

Eastern Buffer

Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 1

13 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Western Buffer Water Control Zone The Western Buffer WCZ achieved a 92% overall Western Buffer WCZ 110 compliance with the WQOs in 2009, same as in 2008. 100% 100 The E. coli levels in this WCZ were high because the 92% 90 Advanced Disinfection Facilities at Stonecutters Island

80 Sewage Treatment Works (SCISTW) were still under % WQO compliance WQO % 70 construction in 2009. The highest E. coli count (2600 67% 60 cfu/100mL) was recorded in 2009 at WM3 which is the 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year station closest to the submarine outfall of the SCISTW. Nevertheless, this situation has been improved since the disinfection facilities at the SCISTW under HATS Stage 2A was in operation in full scale in March 2010.

Sampling at station WM4 under the Tsing Ma Bridge

14 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Western Waters

The Deep Bay and North Western WCZs are located to the west of Hong Kong. Deep Bay is shallow with depth varying from 2m at DM1 to 8m at DM5 and its sediment laden water body is impacted by pollution from both Hong Kong and Shenzhen. The Deep Bay WCZ includes the ecologically sensitive Mai Po and Inner Deep Bay Ramsar site, and areas of oyster culture. Both the Deep Bay and North Western WCZs are affected by the Pearl River as well as local discharges, and the North Western WCZ is the home of the Chinese white dolphins.

Deep Bay Water Control Zone Deep Bay has the poorest water quality in the territory Deep Bay WCZ 60 with high concentrations of organic and inorganic 53% 50 pollutants and low levels of DO. Same as in 2008, the

40 40% WQO compliance in the Deep Bay WCZ in 2009 was 40%.

30 The inner bay was seriously affected by the discharges % WQO compliance WQO % 20 from Shenzhen River, Kam Tin River, Yuen Long Creek 20%

10 and Tin Shui Wai Nullah. While three of the monitoring 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year stations in the outer bay met the WQOs for DO and NH3, none of the 5 stations in the Deep Bay WCZ met the TIN objective. In 2009, the nitrogen levels in inner (inner subzone) Deep Bay (1.5 – 4.8 mg/L) and outer (outer subzone) Deep Bay (0.7 – 1.0 mg/L) were much higher compared with their respective TIN objectives for inner subzone (0.7 mg/L) and outer subzone (0.5 mg/L).

15 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Western Corridor in Deep Bay A white egret flying in the sky of

Deep Bay

North Western Water Control Zone

North Western WCZ The North Western WCZ in 2009 attained an overall WQO

110 100% compliance rate of 94% and was markedly higher than that 100 94% in 2008 (61%). The increased compliance rate in 2009 90

80 was mainly due to the improved compliance rates of DO

70 objective from 67% in 2008 to 100% in 2009 as well as % WQO compliance WQO % 60 TIN objective from 17% in 2008 to 83% in 2009. All 53% 50 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 stations in the WCZ also fully complied with the NH3 Year objective. The improvement of TIN compliance in the North Western WCZ in 2009 could be related to the reduced discharge from Pearl River because of the drier weather (low rainfall) in the Guangdong area (catchment of Pearl River) in 2009.

Sha Chau in the North Western WCZ

16 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Southern Waters

The Southern WCZ stretches from Hong Kong Island south to Lantau Island and faces the South China Sea. The western part of the WCZ is impacted seasonally by the Pearl River flow and the effect diminishes towards the eastern end.

Southern Water Control Zone

Southern WCZ In 2009, the Southern WCZ attained an overall 75% 100 compliance with the WQOs, higher than that in 2008 (65%) 90 84% and similar to that in 2007 (73%). Full compliance 80 75% (100%) with the WQOs for unionised ammonia (NH3) and 70 E. coli was achieved. Compared with 2008, the % WQO compliance WQO % 60 compliance with DO objective had improved from 88% to 50 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100% in 2009. In addition, 3 stations in the southeast Year part of the WCZ (SM1, SM18 and SM19) also met the TIN objectives this year. The increase of the overall compliance rate in the Southern WCZ in 2009 could be related to the possible reduced discharge from Pearl River, similar to the case in the North Western WCZ.

The secondary contact recreation subzones of the Southern WCZ which covers approximate 67 km2

17 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

and is about 26% of total secondary contact recreation subzones of Hong Kong are mainly located along the coastal waters in the Southern District (Hong Kong Island) and outlying islands. In 2009, full compliance (100%) with the E. coli objective was attained in the secondary contact recreation subzones.

Stanley Beach in the Southern District

Wind surfing is one of the more popular water sports in Cheung Chau

18 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Sediment Quality in Hong Kong

Sea bottom sediments are the ultimate sink of pollutants in the marine environment, and are also home to a wide variety of benthic organisms. The quality of marine sediments can therefore be used to reflect the health of the marine environment as a whole.

Since the implementation of the marine monitoring programme in Collecting sediment samples 1986, elevated levels of selected heavy metals, in particular copper and silver could often be detected in the sediments of Victoria Harbour and Tsuen Wan Bay. This was attributed to previous industrial pollution sources in the 60s to 80s before pollution control legislation was introduced. With regard to trace organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), they were generally present at low concentrations except for one station in the western Victoria Harbour (VS6). The higher levels of PCB at VS6 could be related to the discharges from industries in the past as well as contamination from the waste incineration facility in Kennedy Town, which was decommissioned in the 1990s.

Typhoon Shelters in Hong Kong Typhoon shelters in Hong Kong are used by small to medium vessels as protection against strong winds and rough sea conditions particularly during typhoon season. For this reason, typhoon shelters are often semi-enclosed water bodies and vulnerable to pollution from both land and sea. Hong Kong has 17 typhoon shelters (TSs), marinas and dockyard(s). Some of these are located besides residential and/or industrial areas, i.e. Causeway TS and Kwun Tong TS in which the water quality is fair to poor. Others are located in outlying islands or far away from urban areas, i.e. Hei Ling Chau TS and Hebe Haven TS in which the water quality is good.

Causeway Bay Typhoon Shelter in Hong Kong Island 19 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

In 2009, the EPD monitored the water quality of 17 typhoon shelters (TSs), marinas and dockyard(s) around Hong Kong. Among these typhoon shelters, the three typhoon shelters, namely Yim Tin Tsai TS, Hebe Haven TS and Sai Kung TS located in Sai Kung had the lowest TIN levels (0.03 - 0.05 mg/L) and E. coli counts (1-7 cfu/100mL).

Yim Tin Tsai TS also had the lowest levels of heavy metals in the sediment amongst the 15 typhoon shelters sampled while the sediments in Aberdeen and Sai Kung Typhoon Shelters were removed by previous dredging have not been included for comparison. The typhoon shelters in Victoria Harbour generally had poorer water quality, and their sediments were often contaminated by heavy metals due to historical discharges from the nearby industries. During 2005-2009, the Kwun Tong TS’s sediment recorded the highest levels of heavy metals (i.e. cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and nickel) amongst the typhoon shelters in Hong Kong.

2000 3 280 1800 Chromium (Cr) 1900 Copper (Cu) 2.7 2.5 1600 Cadmium (Cd) 1400 2 1200

1000 1.5

800 mg/kg (Cd)

mg/kg and Cr) (Cu 1 600

400 17 0.5 17 200 <0.1 0 0 H T H Y C S G S R C C S T K Y u h w im e e e au h o am a a h h o i n b eu u v m u a a K u T L e M n e e K b s i u w n i in M H a g n rn l ew W K a T n g u a W m a e a e n o T C n v T C T r a n i n s e e h an e s C y W W g a h n i a n u h B a a i au u t e a a n n D n nn y oc e k l ya rd

Mean levels of Cadmium, Chromium and Copper in the sediments of typhoon shelters of Hong Kong in 2005-2009

20 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

For polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), To Kwa Wan TS had the highest level compared with other typhoon shelters. The presence of PAHs in To Kwa Wan TS could be attributed to contamination from the old industrial areas in San Po Kong and perhaps the old Kai Tak Airport which ceased operation in July 1998.

Runway of the To Kwa Wan old Kai Tak Typhoon Airport Shelter

To Kwa Wan Typhoon Shelter and the runway of the old Kai Tak Airport (Aerial photo taken by the Lands Department in 2008)

21 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Phytoplankton and Red Tides in Hong Kong

Phytoplankton is a critical component of coastal ecosystems and represents the first biological response to the nutrient enrichment problem. In a water body, high concentrations of nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus and silica) can stimulate excessive algal (e.g. phytoplankton) growth resulting in algal blooms or red tides. The enhanced algal growth may reduce dissolved oxygen in the water when dead algae decompose and cause other organisms to die (e.g. Identification of phytoplankton fish kills). Some phytoplankton species may also produce under an electronic microscope toxins and induce a toxic effect on marine life and cultured fish. Phytoplankton monitoring therefore forms an essential part of water quality management.

EPD conducts monitoring of phytoplankton at 25 stations covering nine Water Control Zones (WCZs) in the territory. Monthly samples are enumerated and analyzed for trends and changes in the major phytoplankton groups with regard to their composition and densities.

22 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

A total of 92 phytoplankton species was recorded in Hong Kong waters in 2009. Of these, 52 were diatoms (57%), 26 were dinoflagellates (28%) and 14 were from other minor algal groups (15%). Of the samples examined in 2009, diatoms constituted the largest component of phytoplankton in term of both species number and cell density. The most dominant diatom species was Skeletonema costatum which constituted 20-69% of the diatom population in the Southern, Deep Bay, Victoria Harbour, North Western and Western Buffer WCZs. The most abundant dinoflagellate species were Gymnodinium spp. comprising 50-69% of the dinoflagellate populations in all the WCZs. In 2009, phytoplankton densities were generally higher at some stations in Tolo Harbour & Channel and Southern Waters than those in other WCZs.

Percentage contribution of phytoplankton groups to the total number of species in the nine Water Control Zones (2009)

N Shenzhen

42% Diatom 55% Diatom 39% Dinoflagellate 29% Dinoflagellate 19% Others 16% Others

Deep Bay WCZ New Territories Mirs Bay W CZ

Kowloon

64% Diatom 53% Diatom 21% Dinoflagellate 30% Dinoflagellate Hong Kong Island 17% Others 15% Others Lantau Island North Western WCZ Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ

59% Diatom 58% Diatom 55% Diatom 53% Diatom 51% Diatom 23% Dinoflagellate 25% Dinoflagellate 28% Dinoflagellate 27% Dinoflagellate 36% Dinoflagellate 13% Others 18% Others 17% Others 17% Others 20% Others

Western Buffer WCZ Southern WCZ Victoria Harbour WCZ Eastern Buffer WCZ Port Shelter WCZ

Note : Others refer to minor phytoplankton groups which mainly include Cyanophyta and Chrysophyta.

23 Marine Water Quality in Hong Kong in 2009

Red tides and algal blooms are phenomena which can occur in both polluted and unpolluted waters. A total of 808 red tides was recorded in Hong Kong waters between 1980 and 2009. Locally, red tides occur more frequently in the eastern (72%) and southern (17%) waters. The most common red tide species in Hong Kong waters was the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans, which accounted for almost 29% of the reported red tides between 1980 and 2009. In 2009, a total of 16 red tides were recorded in Hong Kong waters. Of these, 2 occurred in Tolo Harbour, 5 in Southern waters and 6 in Port Shelter; whereas only one in Mirs Bay, North Western and Western Buffer WCZs, respectively. These incidents involved 12 red tide species, i.e. Noctiluca scintillans, Heterosigma akashiwo, Plagioselmis prolonga, Karenia digitata, Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia sp., Phaeocytis globosa, Gonyaulax polygramma, Trichodesmium erythraeum, Karenia papilionacea, Protopolykrikos distortus and Mesodinium rubrum. Among those, Karenia papilionacea and Trichodesmium erythraeum are suspected toxic species as reported by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department of Hong Kong.

Frequency of red tides in 10 Water Control Zones in Hong Kong, 1980 - 2009 Source: Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and Environmental Protection Department

N 20 Shenzhen 15

10 5

8 0 6 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 Mirs Bay WCZ 4

0 45 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 40 Deep Bay WCZ New Territories 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 Kowloon Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ 8

4 20 2 15 0 Hong Kong Island 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 Lantau 10 North Western WCZ Island 5

0 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 Port Shelter WCZ

10 20 10 10 10

8 8 8 8 15 6 6 6 6 10 4 4 4 4 5 2 2 2 2

0 0 0 0 0 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 Western Buffer WCZ Southern WCZ Victoria Harbour WCZ Junk Bay WCZ Eastern Buffer WCZ

Appendices MARINE WATER QUALITY INHONG KONG IN 2009 The Water Control Zones in Hong Kong (Source: Environment Bureau– Plan No. WP/WP4/75, Nov 1999)

113° 50’ E 114° 00’ E 114° 10’ E 114° 20’ E 114° 30’ E

N Shenzhen

22° 30’ N 22° 30’ N 1S

5 1S New Territories 1

10.1 3 7 First 22° 20’ N Water Control Zones Appointed Day Kowloon 10.1 1 Tolo Harbour & Channel 1.4.87 8 10.2 2 Southern 1.8.88 4 3 Port Shelter 1.8.89 10.3 4 Junk Bay 1.8.89 Hong Kong Island 5 Deep Bay 1.12.90 Lantau Island 6 Mirs Bay 1.12.90 7 North Western 1.4.92 9 8 Western Buffer 1.6.93 2S 9 Eastern Buffer 1.6.93 1S Tolo Harbour Supplementary 1.6.93 7S 2S Southern Supplementary 1.6.93 2 10 Victoria Harbour 2S 10.1 Phase 1 1.11.94 Appendix A 10.2 Phase 2 1.9.95 10.3 Phase 3 1.4.96 22° 10’ N 1 A - 2SI Second Southern Supplementary 1.11.99 10km 2SI 2SI 0 5 7S North Western Supplementary 1.11.99

113° 50’ E 114° 00’ E 114° 10’ E 114° 20’ E Appendix A 10’ N 30’ N 20’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E 114 ° 114 ° 10km MM14 MM13 MM16 MM15 5 MM5 N 0 MM4 MM6 MM17 PM9 20’ E 20’ E PM11 PM4 114 ° 114 ° MM19 MM8 PM8 MM3 TM8 MM7 PM7 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM6 EM3 MM2 EM2 TM7 JM3 EM1 JM4 MM1 TM6 SM1 VM1 TM5 VM2 TM4 SM19 TM2 TM3 VM4 VM5 SM2 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° VM6 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 SM4 VM7 VM15 VM12 VM8 WM1 VM14 SM5 the open waters of Hong Kong the in open 2009 WM2 WM3 SM6 SM7 SM18 WM4 New Territories New SM9 Shenzhen Shenzhen SM10 NM1 SM11 DM1 SM12 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° DM2 NM2 SM13 SM17 DM3 NM3 DM4 Lantau Island NM5 NM6 DM5 SM20 NM8 Marine water quality monitoring station (monitored monthly) (monitored station monitoring quality water Marine Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary 50’ E 50’ E 10’ N 20’ N 30’ N The 76 water quality monitoring stations in The 76 water 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 2 Appendix A 10’ N 30’ N 20’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E 114 ° 114 ° 10km MS13 MS13 MS14 MS14 MS15 MS15 MS16 MS16 5 MS5 MS5 N 0 MS4 MS4 MS6 MS6 MS17 MS17 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° MS8 MS8 MS3 MS3 PS6 PS6 TS5 TS5 MS7 MS7 PS5 PS5 PS3 PS3 ES2 ES2 MS2 MS2 ES1 ES1 ES4 ES4 JS2 JS2 TS4 TS4 MS1 MS1 SS1 SS1 TS2 TS2 VS3 VS3 TS3 TS3 VS5 VS5 10’ E 10’ E SS2 SS2 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 114 ° 114 ° VS6 VS6 WS2 WS2 VS10 VS10 VS9 WS1 WS1 SS3 SS3 the open waters of Hong Kong in 2009 waters of the open SS4 SS4 New Territories New New Territories New Shenzhen DS1 SS5 SS5 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° NS2 NS2 SS6 SS6 DS2 DS2 NS3 NS3 DS3 DS3 Lantau Island Lantau NS4 NS4 NS6 NS6 DS4 DS4 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Sediment monitoring station (monitored twice a year) a twice (monitored station monitoring Sediment 50’ E 50’ E 10’ N 20’ N 30’ N The 45 sediment monitoring stations in 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 3 Appendix A 30’ N * * * 22 ° NS5 SS7 SS8 VS17 VS21 VS19 VS12 VS20 VS14 VS13 ES5 ES3 PS4 PS2 TS7 Sediment 30’ E 114 ° NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT2 PT3 TT1 Water Monitoring Stations Monitoring N Water quality monitoring stations monitored once every two months two once every monitored stations monitoring quality Water a year twice monitored stations monitoring Sediment dredging previous by removed Sediment 20’ E * Typhoon Shelters Tuen Mun 1. Chau Cheung 2. Hei3. Chau Ling (South) Aberdeen 4. (West) Aberdeen 5. Channel Rambler 6. Dockyard Government 7. Tei Ma 8. Yau 9. Causeway Bay Wan To Kwa 10. Tong Kwun 11. Ka Tsuen Sam 12. 13. Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) Wan Chai 14. Haven Hebe 15. Kung Sai 16. Tsai Tin 17. Yim Shuen18. Wan 114 ° 17 16 14 15 12 11 13 10km 18 9 10 10’ E 4 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° 7 8 Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 5 6 05 Shenzhen New Territories New ions and 15 sediment monitoring stations in the typhoon shelters of 3 2 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° 1 Lantau Island Lantau 50’ E 50’ E 10’ N 20’ N 30’ N Hong Kong in 2009 The 18 water quality monitoring stat The 18 water 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 4 Appendix A

Location of marine water and sediment monitoring stations

Station Location Depth (m) Water Control Zone Water Sediment Latitude Longitude approx. TM2 22° 24.744' N 114° 13.085' E 4 TM3 TS3 22° 26.857' N 114° 12.181' E 7 TM4 TS2 22° 25.964' N 114° 13.176' E 8 Tolo Harbour and Channel TM5 22° 27.426' N 114° 13.456' E 4 TM6 TS4 22° 26.631' N 114° 14.506' E 12 TM7 22° 26.907' N 114° 16.057' E 11 TM8 TS5 22° 28.392' N 114° 18.003' E 22 *TT1 *TS7 22° 27.270' N 114° 12.717' E 6 SM1 SS1 22° 12.738' N 114° 13.885' E 14 SM2 SS2 22° 13.447' N 114° 10.691' E 14 SM3 22° 13.527' N 114° 8.980' E 33 SM4 22° 12.758' N 114° 8.315' E 11 SM5 22° 12.141' N 114° 6.728' E 8 SM6 SS3 22° 11.500' N 114° 4.743' E 14 SM7 SS4 22° 13.740' N 114° 4.473' E 8 SM9 22° 16.420' N 114° 4.024' E 8 Southern Water SM10 22° 18.125' N 114° 1.919' E 5 SM11 SS5 22° 15.443' N 114° 1.078' E 8 SM12 22° 12.861' N 114° 0.869' E7 SM13 SS6 22° 12.957' N 113° 57.724' E 6 SM17 22° 9.211' N 113° 57.727' E 12 SM18 22° 9.211' N 114° 4.746' E 21 SM19 22° 9.211' N 114° 13.077' E 24 SM20 22° 10.448' N 113° 52.932' E 7 *ST1 *SS7 22° 12.517' N 114° 1.493' E 5 *ST3 *SS8 22° 14.734' N 114° 1.928' E 6 PM1 22° 23.242' N 114° 17.145' E 6 PM2 22° 22.643' N 114° 16.687' E 8 PM3 PS3 22° 22.156' N 114° 16.910' E 13 PM4 22° 22.940' N 114° 18.819' E 6 PM6 22° 21.102' N 114° 16.213' E 11 Port Shelter PM7 PS5 22° 20.453' N 114° 17.703' E 17 PM8 PS6 22° 19.168' N 114° 18.745' E 20 PM9 22° 20.529' N 114° 20.196' E 15 PM11 22° 19.240' N 114° 20.163' E 21 *PT2 22° 22.798' N 114° 16.540' E 3 *PT3 *PS2 22° 22.790' N 114° 18.400' E 6 *PT4 *PS4 22° 21.728' N 114° 15.879' E 5 Junk Bay JM3 JS2 22° 17.490' N 114° 15.657' E 10 JM4 22° 16.873' N 114° 15.378' E 16 DM1 DS1 22° 29.769' N 114° 0.644' E 2 DM2 22° 30.454' N 113° 59.549' E 2 Deep Bay DM3 DS2 22° 28.600' N 113° 57.551' E 3 DM4 DS3 22° 27.335' N 113° 55.937' E4 DM5 DS4 22° 25.561' N 113° 53.388' E 8 NM1 22° 20.877' N 114° 1.286' E 34 NM2 NS2 22° 21.130' N 113° 58.815' E 11 NM3 NS3 22° 21.324' N 113° 56.783' E 14 North Western NM5 NS4 22° 23.051' N 113° 53.972' E 20 NM6 NS6 22° 19.281' N 113° 53.908' E 5 NM8 22° 16.695' N 113° 51.886' E 8 *NT1 *NS5 22° 22.475' N 113° 58.353' E 4 MM1 MS1 22° 32.984' N 114° 14.271' E 6 MM2 MS2 22° 32.626' N 114° 16.648' E 11 MM3 MS3 22° 33.714' N 114° 18.615' E 16 MM4 MS4 22° 33.817' N 114° 21.483' E 18 MM5 MS5 22° 31.233' N 114° 23.633' E 20 MM6 MS6 22° 27.334' N 114° 20.997' E 12 Mirs Bay MM7 MS7 22° 31.409' N 114° 17.824' E 13 MM8 MS8 22° 12.021' N 114° 19.345' E 31 MM13 MS13 22° 13.000' N 114° 26.920' E 28 MM14 MS14 22° 17.560' N 114° 26.920' E 25 MM15 MS15 22° 22.120' N 114° 26.920' E 24 MM16 MS16 22° 26.670' N 114° 26.920' E 22 MM17 MS17 22° 30.192' N 114° 20.960' E 17 MM19 22° 15.921' N 114° 19.411' E 28 WM1 WS2 22° 15.044' N 114° 7.363' E 35 WM2 22° 17.074' N 114° 5.730' E 13 Western Buffer WM3 WS1 22° 19.203' N 114° 5.826' E 20 WM4 22° 20.940' N 114° 4.256' E 26 *WT1 22° 14.494' N 114° 9.737' E7 *WT3 22° 14.811' N 114° 8.918' E 10 EM1 ES4 22° 16.506' N 114° 15.335' E 16 EM2 ES1 22° 15.732' N 114° 15.971' E 21 Eastern Buffer EM3 ES2 22° 14.237' N 114° 16.144' E 21 *ET1 *ES3 22° 16.203' N 114° 14.624' E 6 *ET2 *ES5 22° 17.078' N 114° 13.783' E 12 VM1 22° 17.280' N 114° 13.839' E 38 VM2 22° 17.862' N 114° 12.619' E 12 VS3 22° 17.631' N 114° 12.526' E 8 VM4 22° 17.860' N 114° 11.654' E 12 VM5 22° 17.266' N 114° 10.510' E 11 VS5 22° 17.077' N 114° 10.600' E 8 VM6 22° 17.371' N 114° 9.665' E 14 VM7 VS6 22° 17.771' N 114° 8.416' E 10 VM8 22° 17.564' N 114° 7.175' E 11 Victoria Harbour VM12 VS9 22° 19.757' N 114° 7.278' E 14 VM14 VS10 22° 21.935' N 114° 6.527' E 11 VM15 22° 18.579' N 114° 8.539' E 13 *VT2 *VS12 22° 17.194' N 114° 11.304' E5 *VT3 *VS13 22° 17.448' N 114° 14.250' E5 *VT4 *VS14 22° 18.734' N 114° 12.814' E 6 *VT8 *VS17 22° 21.360' N 114° 6.867' E5 *VT10 *VS19 22° 18.590' N 114° 9.430' E5 *VT11 *VS20 22° 18.981' N 114° 11.814' E 6 *VT12 *VS21 22° 19.429' N 114° 8.587' E 5 Note : 1. All locations are based on WGS84 datum 2. Water quality and sediment monitoring stations in typhoon shelters aremarked with an asterisk *

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 5 Appendix A ) 2 30’ N 20’ N 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E 114 ° 114 ° subzone (Area: approx. 260km Non-gazetted beach Gazetted beach Secondary contact recreation N 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 114 ° 10km eation subzones in Hong Kong 2009 New Territories New Shenzhen 05 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° Lantau Island 50’ E 50’ E 10’ N 20’ N 30’ N Bathing beaches and secondary contact recr Bathing beaches and secondary 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A -6 Appendix A ) 2 13 12 10’ N 20’ N 30’ N 0.2 2.7 15* 2.6 6.8 15* Area (km 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° ) 2 30’ E 30’ E 114 ° 114 ° Tai Tau Chau Tau Tai Kai LungWan Kau Sai Ma Nam Wat Po Toi O Po Toi Sok Kwu Wan TikLo Wan Ma Wan Yim Tin Tsai ShaCheung Wan Tsai (East)Yim Tin Chau Lung Tung > 30000 0 - 10000 N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z. 10001 -10001 20000 -20001 30000 Production Bay RamsarBay site (* and land) includes sea Lung Kwu Chau 7. Area of 7. Oyster Area 2. Hoi Ha Wan Ha 2. Hoi 6. Mai Po & Inner Deep Inner & 6. Mai Po 1. Yan Chau Tong 4. Tung Ping Chau 3. Sha Chau & 5. Cape D’Aguilar Marine park Marine Marine reserve Marine Licensed raft area (m raft area Licensed 26 Fish Culture Zones Sha Kok Tau Ap Chau Kat O O Pui Tong Sai Lau Kong Wong Wan Mun Tap Kau Wan Lau Sham Wan Wat Fu Lo ShueYung Au ShuenLeung Wan Wan Cham Tiu A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. 4 N H G L I 2 M 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° F N P D R O 1 E C Z J K Q 1 1 5 B S Y A W 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon Kowloon 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 114 ° T Hong Kong Island Hong Kong U 10km conservation sites in Hong Kong 2009 New Territories New Territories New 5 V Shenzhen 0 6 X 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° s Conservation Department)and 7 Lantau Island Lantau Island 3 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Fish and shellfish culture zones and marine culture zones Fish and shellfish Fisherie (source: Agriculture, 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 7 Appendix A 9 8 4 1 2 43 87 45 17 ) 160 380 850 650 310 160 560 9200 1800 5100 2300 8400 6900 10000 19000 13000 Solids /year) /year) /year 3 3 Suspended 3 (tonne/year) m /year) m m 6 3 6 6 30’ E 30’ E m 9 2 1 6 1 89 17 27 16 114 ° 114 ° 100 190 260 150 370 430 660 8200 6100 2800 2100 1400 15000 11000 10000 12000 21000 91922 78986 BODs (tonne/year) 10km /year) 3 430 480 280 120 410 8900 3000 4400 2900 1600 2900 5300 1800 85000 52000 30000 62000 46000 25000 12000 42000 35000 16000 36000 Flow 500000 973520 (x1000m Discharge into inland water Submarine outfall Submarine N P -- (287.8x10 (Preliminary) Screening S -- Sedimentation (Primary) (0.4x10 C – Chemical (517.8x10 B -- (167.5x10 (Secondary) Biological Total Sha Tin Wan Chai West Wan Chai Cyberport Shek Wu Hui Peng Chau Stanley Po Tai Aberdeen Cheung Chau O Tai Island Stonecutters Mui Wo Kung Sai Yuen Long Siu Ho Wan Ho Siu Wah Fu Sha Kok Tau Shek O Wan Chai East North Point Point Pillar San Wai Bay Sandy Ap Chau Lei Central Sewage Treatment Works 05 1 6 7 8 9 2 4 5 3 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 11 19 20 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° 19 8 23 Tolo Harbour Export Effluent Scheme 20 21 4 24 11 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 12 114 ° Hong Kong Island 114 ° 2 3 1 Harbour Area Scheme Treatment I Stage 10 22 16 13 7 lls, and pollution load in Hong Kong 2009 lls, and pollution New Territories Shenzhen 18 14 25 00’ E 00’ E 17 9 114 ° 114 ° 6 5 Lantau Island 15 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Major public sewage treatment works, outfa works, sewage treatment Major public Department) Environmental Protection (sources: Drainage Services Departmentand 113 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 8 MARINE WA Water Quality Objective (WQO) for Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) in the ten Water Control Zones

113° 50’ E 114° 00’ E 114° 10’ E 114° 20’ E 114° 30’ E

TER Shenzhen N QUA L ITY INHONG

22° 30’ N 22° 30’ N

KONG IN 5 5 New Territories 1

200 New Territories

9 6

WQO for TIN Annual mean for depth-averaged TIN ≤ 0.1 mg/L 10.1 2 Southern WCZ 3 3 Port Shelter WCZ 22° 20’ N 7 Annual mean for depth-averaged KowloonKowloon TIN ≤ 0.3 mg/L 8 10.2 4 Junk Bay WCZ 10 6 Mirs Bay WCZ 4 Annual mean for depth-averaged Hong Kong Island TIN ≤ 0.4 mg/L 8 Western Buffer WCZ LantauLantau IIslandsland Hong Kong Island Lantau Island 9 9 Eastern Buffer WCZ 10 Victoria Harbour WCZ 2S Annual mean for depth-averaged TIN ≤ 0.5 mg/L 2 7 North Western WCZ Annual mean for depth-averaged Appendix A TIN ≤ 0.7 mg/L 5 Deep Bay WCZ

A - 22° 10’ N No TIN WQO 1 Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ

9 0510km

113° 50’ E 114° 00’ E 114° 10’ E 114° 20’ E 114° 30’ E Appendix A

Summary of Water Quality Objectives (WQOs) for marine waters of Hong Kong Water Control Zone (WCZ) / Part(s) of zone / Parameter Water Quality Objective Subzone to which the WQO applies There should be no objectionable odours or discolouration of the water Tarry residues, floating wood, articles made of glass, plastic, rubber or of any other substances should be absent Mineral oil should not be visible on the surface. Surfactants should not give rise to a lasting foam. Aesthetic Appearance There should be no recognisable sewage-derived All WCZs (whole zone) debris. Floating, submerged and semi-submerged objects of a size likely to inter fer e with the fr ee movement of vessels, or cause damage to vessels, should be absent. The waters should not contain substances which settle to form objectionable deposits. Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 2 mg/L for 90% of samples ; Marine waters of all WCZs except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ (bottom) Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 4 mg/L for 90% of samples ; Marine waters of all WCZs except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ (Depth-averaged) Not less than 2mg/L Harbour Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 3mg/L Buffer Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ (bottom) Not less than 4mg/L Channel Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 4mg/L Harbour Subzone and Buffer Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ (surface to 2m above bottom) Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 4mg/L Channel Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ (all depths) Annual mean depth-averaged total inorganic Marine waters of Southern WCZ and Port Shelter WCZ nitr ogen not to exceed 0.1 mg/L Annual mean depth-averaged total inorganic Marine waters of Mirs Bay WCZ, Junk Bay WCZ, North Western WCZ nitr ogen not to exceed 0.3 mg/L (Castle Peak Subzone) Annual mean depth-averaged total inorganic Marine waters of Eastern Buffer WCZ, Western Buffer WCZ, Victoria Nutrients nitr ogen not to exceed 0.4 mg/L Harbour WCZ. Annual mean depth-averaged total inorganic Marine waters of Deep Bay WCZ (Outer Subzone) and North Western nitr ogen not to exceed 0.5 mg/L WCZ (Whole zone except Castle Peak Subzone). Annual mean depth-averaged total inorganic Marine waters of Deep Bay WCZ (Inner Subzone) nitr ogen not to exceed 0.7 mg/L Unionised ammonia Annual mean not to exceed 0.021 mg/L All WCZs (whole zone) except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ Secondary contact recreation subzones in Tolo Habour & Channel Annual geometric mean not to exceed WCZ, Southern WCZ, Port Shelter WCZ, Mirs Bay WCZ, Deep Bay WCZ, 610 cfu/100mL North Western WCZ, Western Buffer WCZ. E. coli Fish culture subzones in Tolo Habour & Channel WCZ, Southern WCZ, Annual geometric mean not to exceed Por t Shelter WCZ, Junk Bay, Mir s Bay WCZ, Deep Bay WCZ, Easter n Buffer 610 cfu/100mL WCZ, Wester n Buffer WCZ. To be in the range 6.5 - 8.5, change due to Marine waters of all WCZs except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ waste dischar ge not to exceed 0.2 Change due to waste discharge not to be Harbour Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ greater than ±0.5 pH Change due to waste discharge not to be Buffer Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ greater than ±0.3 Change due to waste discharge not to be Channel Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ greater than ±0.1 Change due to waste discharge not to All WCZs (Whole zone) except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ exceed 10% of natur al ambient level Salinity Change due to waste discharge not to be Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ greater than ±3%

Change due to waste discharge not to exceed 2°C All WCZs (Whole zone) except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ Temperature Change due to waste discharge not to exceed 1°C Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ

Waste dischar ge not to r aise the natur al ambient level by 30% nor cause the accumulation of Suspended solids Marine waters of all WCZs except Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ suspended solids which may adversely affect aquatic communities Not to be present at levels producing Toxicants All WCZs (Whole zone) significant toxic effect Not to exceed 20mg/m3 (µg/L) calculated as running arithmetic mean of 5 daily Harbour Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ measur ements for any location and depth Not to exceed 10mg/m3 (µg/L) calculated as Chlorophyll-a running arithmetic mean of 5 daily Buffer Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ measur ements for any location and depth Not to exceed 6mg/m3 (µg/L) calculated as running arithmetic mean of 5 daily Channel Subzone in Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ measur ements for any location and depth

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 10 Appendix A

Sediment Quality Criteria for the Classification of Sediments1

Lower Chemical Upper Chemical Contaminants Exceedance Level Exceedance Level (LCEL) (UCEL)

Metals (mg/kg dry weight)

Cadmium (Cd) 1.5 4

Chromium (Cr) 80 160

Copper (Cu) 65 110

Mercury (Hg) 0.5 1

Nickel (Ni) 2 40 40

Lead (Pb) 75 110

Silver (Ag) 12

Zinc (Zn) 200 270

Metalloid (mg/kg dry weight)

Arsenic (As) 12 42

Organic-PAHs (µg/kg dry weight)

Low Molecular Weight PAHs 3 550 3160

High Molecular Weight PAHs 4 1700 9600

Organic-non-PAHs (µg/kg dry weight)

Total PCBs 23 180

Organometallics (mg TBT/L in Interstitial water)

Tributyltin 2 0.15 0.15 Footnote: 1 The table is extracted from Appendix A of WBTC (W) No. 34/2002 Management of Dredged / Excavated Sediment (http://www.devb-wb.gov.hk). 2 When the LCEL and UCEL for a contaminant are the same, the contaminant level is considered to have exceeded UCEL if it is greater than the value shown. 3 Low molecular weight PAHs include acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, fluorene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene. 4 High molecular weight PAHs include benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene. 5 Total PCBs include 18 congeners: PCB 8, 18, 28, 44, 52, 66, 77, 101, 105, 118, 126, 128, 138, 153, 169, 170, 180, 187.

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 11 Appendix A

Summary of marine water quality parameters

Reporting Sampling Analysed Par ameter Unit Standard Method / Techniques used 20 Limit Depth by Temperature1 °C 0.1 Depth Profiling10 Instrumental (thermistor), SEACAT19+ CTD and Water Quality Profiler MMT/EPD15

Salinity 1,8 - 0.1 Depth Profiling Instrumental (electrical conductivity), SEACAT19+ CTD and Water Quality Profiler MMT/EPD

mg/L 0.1 Instrumental (membrane elelectrode), SBE23Y dissolved ox ygen sensor linked to Dissolv ed Ox y gen1 Depth Profiling MMT/EPD % saturation 9 1 SEACAT19+ CTD and Water Quality Profiler Physical and Instrumental (nephelometric / infrared back scattering), OBS-3 turbidity sensor linked Aggregate Turbidity 2 NTU 0.1 Depth Profiling MMT/EPD to SEACAT 19+ CTD and Water Quality Profiler Properties Instrumental (electrodemetric), SBE18 pH sensor linked to SEACAT19 + CTD and pH1 - 0.1 Depth Profiling MMT/EPD Water Quality Profiler Secchi Disc Depth2 m0.1---Manual MMT/EPD Suspended Solids2 mg/L 0.5 S,M,B11 In-house method GL-PH-23 based on APHA 20ed. 2540D (weighing) GL18 Volatile Suspended Solids3 mg/L 0.5 S,M,B In-house method GL-PH-23 based on APHA 20ed. 2540E (weighing) GL Aggregate 5-day Biochemical Ox y gen Organic mg/L 0.1 S,M,B In-house method based on APHA 18ed. 5210B EML/EPD16 Demand (BOD )4 Constituents 5 Ammonia Nitrogen5 mg/L 0.005 S,M,B In-house method GL-IN-15 based on ASTM D3590-89 B (FIA) GL Unionised Ammonia5 mg/L 0.001 S,M,B By calculation12 MMT/EPD Nitrite Nitrogen5 mg/L 0.002 S,M,B In-house method GL-IN-18 based on APHA 20ed. 4500-NO2- B (FIA) GL Nitrate Nitrogen5 mg/L 0.002 S,M,B In-house method GL-IN-18 based on APHA 20ed. 4500-NO3- F & I (FIA) GL Total Inorganic Nitrogen5 mg/L 0.01 S,M,B By calculation13 MMT/EPD Nutr ie nts and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen5 (soluble; In-house methods GL-IN-14 and GL-IN-15 respectively based on ASTM D3590-89 B mg/L 0.05 S,M,B GL Inorganic soluble & particulate) (FIA) and APHA 20ed 4500-N A&D (FIA) Constituents Total Nitrogen5 mg/L 0.05 S,M,B By calculation13 MMT/EPD Orthophosphate Phosphorus5 mg/L 0.002 S,M,B In-house method GL-IN-16 based on ASTM D515-88 A (FIA) GL Total Phosphorus5 In-house methods GL-IN-14 and GL-IN-16 respectively based on ASTM D515-88 B mg/L 0.02 S,M,B GL (soluble; soluble & particulate) (FIA) and APHA 20ed 4500-P G (FIA) Silica (as SiO ) 2 mg/L 0.05 S,M,B In-house method GL-IN-17 based on APHA 20ed. 4500-SiO2 C&E (FIA) GL (soluble) 5

Chlorophy ll-a 6 µg/L 0.2 S,M,B In-house method GL-OR-34 based on APHA 20ed. 10200H 2 (spectrophotometric) GL

Escherichia coli In-house method, membrane filtration with CHROMagar Liquid E. coli -coliform Biological and cfu/100mL 1 S,M,B EML/EPD (E. coli )7 culture14 Microbiological In-house method, membrane filtration with CHROMagar Liquid E. coli -coliform Examination Faecal Coliforms7 cfu/100mL 1 S,M,B EML/EPD culture14 In-house method, 10 ml settled sub-sample using plankton chamber and inverted Phy toplankton cell/mL 1 S WSL/EPD17 microscope19

Note: 1 Indicate general oceanographic conditions of marine water 2 Low transparency and light penetration would affect aesthetic value and photosynthesis in marine water

3 Indicate the amount of particulate organic matters in marine water 4 Indicate the amount of organic pollutants in marine water

5 Major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica) promoting algal growth in marine water 6 Indicate the amount of algal biomass in marine water

7 Sewage bacteria indicate the extent of faecal pollution in marine water 8 Measuring and reporting of Salinity (S) are based on the Practical Salinity Scale and International Equation of State of Seawater (UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 30 (1981) ; No. 36 (1981) and No. 45 (1985)) 9 Percent saturation of dissolved oxygen is calculated from dissolved oxygen in mg/L based on Weiss R.F. (1970);

The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water and seawater. Deep Sea Res. Vol. 17, pp.721-735 10 Depth profiling - continuous measurements at downcast are processed and presented at 1m intervals from 1m below the surface to 1m above the seabed

11 If water depth is 6m or above, sampling is taken at three depths during upcast: S - 1m below water surface; M - mid-depth of water column; B - 1m above seabed. If water depth is 4 to 5 m, "M" is skipped; If water depth is 3m or less, "M" and "B" are skipped. 12 i) Bower C.E. and Bidwell J.P. (1978), Ionization of ammonia in seawater: Effect of temperature, pH and salinity. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. Vol.35, pp.1012-1016;

ii) K., Russo R.C. & et. al. (1975), Aqueous ammonia equilibrium calculations: effect of pH and temperature. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. Vol.32, pp.2379-2383 13 Total Inorganic Nitrogen = Ammonia Nitrogen + Nitrite Nitrogen + Nitrate Nitrogen ; Total Nitrogen = Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (soluble & particulate) + Nitrite Nitrogen + Nitrate Nitrogen 14 i) DoE, DHSS & PHLS (1983); The Bacteriological Examination of Drinking Water Supplies 1982, Sec.7.8 & 7.9; ii) B.S.W. Ho and T.Y. Tam (1997), Enumeration of E. coli in environmental waters and wastewater using a chromogenic medium. Wat. Sci. Tech.Vol.35,

No.11-12, pp.409-413; method adopted in 1997. 15 MMT/EPD - Marine Monitoring Team, Water Policy and Science Group, Environmental Protection Department.

16 EML/EPD - Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Water Policy and Science Group, Environmental Protection Department. 17 WSL/EPD - Water Sciences Laboratory, Water Policy and Science Group, Environmental Protection Department

18 GL - Government Laboratory. 19 i) Lund, J.H., Kipling, C. and Le Cren, E.D. 1958. The inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers, and the statistical basis of estimations by counting.

Hydrobiologia Vol. 11, pp. 143-170. ii) Utermohl, H. 1958. Zur Vervollkommung der Quantitativen Phytoplankton-Methodik. Mitt. Inter. Verein. Lim. Vol. 9, pp. 1-38. 20 Mention of brand names and commercial products does not constitute or imply endorsement or recommendation by the Environmental Protection Department. MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 12 Appendix A

1 Summary of marine sediment parameters

Reporting Analysed Parameter Unit 2 Standard Method / Techniques used 8 Limit by In-house method, sieving and weighing ; 8 fractions : >4000 µm, <4000µm, <2000µm, <1000µm, <500µm, Particle Size Fractionation % w/w 1 MMT/EPD 6 <250µm, <125µm and <63µm Phy sical and Electrochemical Potential 4 mV 1 Instrumental, Orion Model 250A pH/Redox Meter (electrodemetric) MMT/EPD Aggregate Total Solids (TS) 3 % w/w 0.1 In-house method GL-PH-22 based on APHA 20ed 2540G (weighing) GL 7 Properties Total Volatile Solids (TVS) 3 % TS 0.1 In-house method GL-PH-22 based on APHA 20ed 2540G (weighing) GL Dry Wet Ratio - 0.01 In-house method GL-PH-22 based on APHA 20ed 2540G (weighing) GL

Aggregate Organic Chemical Ox ygen Demand (COD) mg/kg 2 In-house method GL-OR-47 based on ASTM D1252-00 A (open reflux ) GL Constituents 3 Total Carbon (TC) % w/w 0.1 In-house method GL-OR-33 based on APHA 20ed 5310 B (FIA) GL

Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4-N) mg/kg 0.05 In-house method GL-IN-15 based on ASTM D3590-89 B (FIA) GL In-house methods GL-IN-14 and GL-IN-15 respectively based on ASTM D3590-89 B (FIA) and APHA 20ed 4500-N Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) mg/kg 0.5 GL A&D (FIA) Nutrients and In-house methods GL-IN-14 and GL-IN-16 respectively based on ASTM D515-88 B (FIA) and APHA 20ed 4500-P G Inorganic Total Phosphorus mg/kg 0.2 GL (FIA) Constituents 3 Total Sulphide mg/kg 0.2 In-house method GL-IN-45 based on APHA 20ed 4500-S 2- D (FIA) GL

Total Cyanide mg/kg 0.1 In-house method GL-IN-44 based on APHA, 20ed., 4500 CN -A&E (distillation and colorimetric) GL

In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Aluminium (Al) mg/kg 1 GL (ICP-MS) Arsenic (As) mg/kg 0.1 In-house methods GL-TE-64 and GL-TE-66 based on USEPA method 6020 (ICP-MS) GL In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Barium (Ba) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS) In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Boron (B) mg/kg 5 GL (ICP-MS) Cadmium (Cd) mg/kg 0.1 In-house method GL-TE-64 based on USEPA method 6020 (ICP-MS) GL In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Chromium (Cr) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS) In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Copper (Cu) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS) Metals & In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 5 Iron (Fe) mg/kg 5 GL Metalloids (ICP-MS) In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Lead (Pb) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS) In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Manganese (Mn) mg/kg 1 GL (ICP-MS) Mercury (Hg) mg/kg 0.05 In-house methods GL-TE-64 and GL-TE-66 based on USEPA method 6020 (ICP-MS) GL In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Nickel (Ni) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS) Silver (Ag) mg/kg 0.2 In-house method GL-TE-64 based on USEPA method 6020 (ICP-MS) GL In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Vanadium (V) mg/kg 0.1 GL (ICP-MS) In-house methods GL-TE-60 and GL-TE-64 respectively based on USEPA methods 6010B (ICP-AES) and 6020 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg 0.2 GL (ICP-MS)

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

18 PCB congeners : PCB 8, 18, 28, In-house method GL-OR-25 based on Reference Method for the Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, 44, 52, 66, 77, 101, 105, 118, 126, µg/kg 2 GL Environmental Protection Series: Report EPS 1/RM/31, March 1997, Environment Canada (GC-MS) 128, 138, 153, 169, 170, 180, 187

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

- Acenaphthene µg/kg 50 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Acenaphthylene µg/kg 50 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Naphthalene µg/kg 60 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL Trace Organic - Fluorene µg/kg 10 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL Compounds - Phenanthrene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Anthracene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Fluoranthene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Pyrene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Benzo(a )anthracene µg/kg 3 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Chrysene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Benzo(b )fluoranthene µg/kg 1 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Benzo(k )fluoranthene µg/kg 1 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Benzo(a )pyrene µg/kg 1 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Dibenzo(a,h )anthracene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Benzo(ghi )perylene µg/kg 1 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL - Indeno(1,2,3-cd )pyrene µg/kg 5 In-house method GL-OR-15 based on USEPA method 610, 1984 (UV-FLUO) GL Note: 1 Bir ge-Ekman (0.023sq.m) gr ab / Van Veen (0.1sq.m) gr ab / Smith-McIntyr e (0.1sq.m) gr ab is employed to collect sediment samples fr om the top 10cm of seabed. 2 All parameters are reported on a dry weight basis unless otherwise stated. 3 Determinants are reported on a wet weight basis. 4 Electrochemical potential (Eh) is measured "on-site" at 3cm below the surface of freshly collected sediment samples (Reference : Handbook of Techniques for Aquatic Sediment Sampling. By A. Mudrock & S.D. MacKnight, 1994, CRC Press). 5 Digestion procedure for metals and metalloids in sediment follows Government Laboratory's in-house method GL-TE-51.

6 MMT/EPD - Marine Monitoring Team, Water Policy and Science Group, Environmental Protection Department. 7 GL - Government Laboratory. 8 Mention of brand names and commercial products does not constitute or imply endorsement or recommendation by the Environmental Protection Department. MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 A - 13 Appendix B

Summary of water quality statistics for the Mirs Bay WCZ in 2009

Starling Inlet Crooked Island Port Island Mirs Bay North Parameter MM1 MM2 MM7 MM17 MM3 MM4 MM5 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24.1 24 23.9 23.2 23.5 23.3 23.2 Temperature (°C) (16.0 - 30.3) (16.1 - 29.8) (15.9 - 29.8) (15.8 - 29.5) (15.9 - 29.6) (16.1 - 29.6) (15.9 - 29.5) 31.7 32.2 32.3 32.7 32.6 32.9 32.9 Salinity (29.1 - 33.1) (30.0 - 33.3) (30.5 - 33.3) (30.9 - 33.6) (30.5 - 33.4) (31.1 - 33.4) (31.2 - 33.5) 6.46.26.26.06.16.16.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.2 - 9.1) (4.7 - 8.1) (3.9 - 8.1) (3.8 - 8.2) (4.3 - 7.9) (4.7 - 7.5) (4.0 - 8.0) 6.25.85.75.45.55.85.7 Bottom (4.2 - 9.2) (1.5 - 7.8) (0.9 - 8.1) (2.0 - 8.1) (2.3 - 8.0) (3.3 - 7.6) (1.9 - 7.8) 90 89 87 84 86 86 86 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (63 - 117) (67 - 111) (59 - 108) (58 - 102) (65 - 102) (71 - 100) (60 - 101) 87 81 80 75 77 80 79 Bottom (63 - 114) (21 - 105) (13 - 104) (28 - 101) (33 - 99) (47 - 100) (28 - 98) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (8.0 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.8 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.4) (8.0 - 8.4) 2.2 3 3.8 4.2 3.5 4.5 5.3 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.5 - 2.9) (1.8 - 4.1) (1.6 - 5.5) (2.0 - 8.0) (1.8 - 5.0) (1.6 - 11.0) (2.2 - 14.0) 4.7 3.9 3.2 3.7 4.3 4.9 4.4 Turbidity (NTU) (1.4 - 10.0) (0.9 - 9.7) (0.6 - 8.9) (0.6 - 9.2) (0.9 - 10.5) (0.6 - 10.4) (0.2 - 10.5) 3.62.11.81.72.72.82.5 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (2.1 - 5.7) (1.1 - 3.8) (0.8 - 4.2) (0.6 - 2.4) (1.3 - 4.4) (0.8 - 5.7) (<0.5 - 5.3) 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.4 - 2.1) (0.3 - 1.5) (0.3 - 1.6) (0.1 - 1.1) (0.3 - 1.1) (0.3 - 1.0) (0.1 - 1.0) 0.067 0.031 0.027 0.021 0.022 0.019 0.018 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.190) (0.012 - 0.113) (0.007 - 0.078) (0.008 - 0.043) (0.005 - 0.063) (<0.005 - 0.043) (0.005 - 0.041) 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.011) (<0.001 - 0.008) (<0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.006 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.005 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.022) (<0.002 - 0.023) (<0.002 - 0.010) (<0.002 - 0.026) (<0.002 - 0.030) (<0.002 - 0.030) (<0.002 - 0.026) 0.045 0.020 0.012 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.002 - 0.177) (<0.002 - 0.054) (<0.002 - 0.041) (0.002 - 0.067) (0.003 - 0.059) (0.002 - 0.052) (0.003 - 0.051) 0.12 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.31) (0.02 - 0.17) (0.01 - 0.10) (0.01 - 0.08) (0.02 - 0.09) (0.01 - 0.10) (0.01 - 0.07) 0.23 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.12 - 0.35) (0.11 - 0.22) (0.08 - 0.18) (0.06 - 0.17) (0.07 - 0.16) (0.06 - 0.15) (<0.05 - 0.17) 0.28 0.19 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.14 - 0.53) (0.12 - 0.24) (0.08 - 0.20) (0.07 - 0.20) (0.07 - 0.22) (0.06 - 0.21) (0.06 - 0.20) 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.024) (0.004 - 0.014) (0.004 - 0.009) (0.005 - 0.011) (0.005 - 0.009) (0.005 - 0.010) (0.005 - 0.010) 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.02) 0.65 0.56 0.50 0.56 0.59 0.54 0.51 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.05 - 1.77) (0.08 - 1.20) (0.06 - 1.01) (0.22 - 0.94) (0.10 - 1.13) (0.12 - 0.97) (0.06 - 1.02) 6.32.92.92.02.31.51.5 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (1.6 - 13.7) (1.0 - 4.3) (0.9 - 7.2) (0.5 - 5.0) (0.8 - 5.2) (0.4 - 2.4) (0.5 - 2.6) 11211111 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 120) (1 - 4) (1 - 4) (1 - 2) (1 - 2) (1 - 2) (1 - 1) 27211211 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (2 - 230) (1 - 7) (1 - 5) (1 - 3) (1 - 19) (1 - 3) (1 - 1)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Note : 2. Data presented are annual arithmetic means of the depth-averaged results except for E. coli and faecal coliforms Note : 2. which are annual geometric means. Note : 3. Data in brackets indicate the ranges. MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 B - 1 Appendix B

Summary of water quality statistics for the Mirs Bay WCZ in 2009 (continued)

Ninepin Waglan Mirs Bay Group Isalnd (South) Mirs Bay (Central) Long Harbour Parameter MM19 MM8 MM13 MM14 MM15 MM16 MM6 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.2 Temperature (°C) (18.0 - 29.1) (17.7 - 29.0) (17.0 - 29.0) (17.0 - 29.0) (17.4 - 29.1) (17.8 - 29.5) (15.7 - 29.4) 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.1 32.6 Salinity (31.9 - 34.0) (32.1 - 34.1) (31.7 - 34.2) (32.0 - 34.2) (32.0 - 34.1) (31.6 - 33.9) (30.9 - 33.4) 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.0 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (5.0 - 7.0) (5.0 - 7.6) (4.4 - 7.6) (5.1 - 7.5) (4.4 - 7.9) (3.8 - 7.9) (3.7 - 8.1) 5.8 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.4 Bottom (4.0 - 7.4) (4.2 - 7.5) (4.4 - 7.6) (4.2 - 7.5) (4.1 - 7.8) (4.0 - 7.9) (0.6 - 8.1) 88 88 89 89 87 87 84 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (74 - 102) (73 - 103) (64 - 107) (75 - 104) (64 - 107) (55 - 106) (56 - 103) 81 84 84 84 82 82 75 Bottom (56 - 100) (60 - 101) (62 - 102) (60 - 102) (58 - 105) (56 - 106) (9 - 102) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (8.0 - 8.3) (8.0 - 8.3) (8.0 - 8.4) (8.0 - 8.3) (8.0 - 8.3) (8.0 - 8.3) (8.0 - 8.3) 4 4 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.5 4.2 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.5 - 7.5) (1.8 - 7.0) (1.4 - 11.0) (2.2 - 7.0) (2.0 - 6.3) (2.4 - 9.5) (2.3 - 7.7) 4.5 5.7 5.0 5.2 4.7 4.0 3.5 Turbidity (NTU) (0.8 - 11.1) (1.1 - 14.1) (1.2 - 10.0) (0.9 - 10.8) (1.1 - 12.4) (0.8 - 11.5) (0.4 - 8.7) 3.1 22.34.6 x 17.4cm4.3 4.5 4.1 2.5 1.7 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (1.3 - 5.4) (1.6 - 9.0) (1.3 - 13.5) (1.3 - 12.3) (1.1 - 16.7) (0.8 - 4.5) (0.6 - 3.0) 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.1 - 1.1) (<0.1 - 1.5) (0.1 - 1.8) (0.1 - 1.3) (0.2 - 1.3) (0.3 - 0.7) (0.3 - 1.0) 0.017 0.015 0.013 0.016 0.014 0.017 0.019 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.005 - 0.034) (<0.005 - 0.027) (<0.005 - 0.024) (0.005 - 0.033) (<0.005 - 0.024) (<0.005 - 0.052) (0.005 - 0.045) 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.004 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.014) (<0.002 - 0.017) (<0.002 - 0.013) (<0.002 - 0.011) (<0.002 - 0.012) (<0.002 - 0.011) (<0.002 - 0.012) 0.026 0.033 0.027 0.029 0.023 0.014 0.015 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.004 - 0.068) (0.004 - 0.090) (0.003 - 0.099) (0.002 - 0.100) (0.004 - 0.081) (0.003 - 0.049) (0.003 - 0.060) 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.01 - 0.11) (0.01 - 0.12) (0.01 - 0.13) (0.01 - 0.13) (0.01 - 0.12) (0.01 - 0.08) (0.01 - 0.08) 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.12 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.06 - 0.15) (0.06 - 0.24) (0.05 - 0.18) (0.05 - 0.17) (0.06 - 0.20) (0.06 - 0.21) (0.06 - 0.17) 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.07 - 0.22) (0.07 - 0.31) (0.06 - 0.27) (0.06 - 0.28) (0.06 - 0.30) (0.06 - 0.22) (0.06 - 0.18) 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.005 - 0.012) (0.006 - 0.014) (0.006 - 0.013) (0.006 - 0.015) (0.005 - 0.013) (0.005 - 0.008) (0.005 - 0.013) 0.02 0.02 #VALUE! 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) 0.55 0.56 0.46 0.54 0.51 0.45 0.57 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.24 - 1.07) (0.18 - 1.32) (0.16 - 0.88) (0.16 - 1.30) (0.17 - 1.03) (0.11 - 0.84) (0.12 - 1.43) 2.2 2.6 2.8 2.5 1.6 1.7 2.4 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.8 - 5.0) (0.7 - 11.3) (0.5 - 12.0) (0.5 - 7.7) (0.8 - 3.5) (0.6 - 4.1) (1.0 - 3.7) 111111 1 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 2) (1 - 3) (1 - 3) (1 - 2) (1 - 1) (1 - 1) (1 - 1) 111111 1 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 3) (1 - 6) (1 - 5) (1 - 2) (1 - 1) (1 - 3) (1 - 3)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Port Shelter WCZ in 2009

Inner Port Shelter Hebe Haven Parameter PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM6 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 24.9 24.9 24.5 24.6 24.6 Temperature (°C) (16.8 - 29.6) (17.0 - 30.0) (17.4 - 29.6) (17.1 - 29.4) (17.3 - 29.7) 32.2 32.3 32.6 32.4 32.4 Salinity (28.6 - 33.8) (29.7 - 33.7) (30.9 - 33.7) (29.9 - 33.8) (30.9 - 33.6) 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.9 6.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.8 - 8.3) (4.1 - 8.3) (4.5 - 8.4) (4.5 - 8.1) (3.8 - 8.1) 6.2 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.7 Bottom (4.8 - 8.3) (3.9 - 8.3) (3.2 - 8.4) (4.0 - 8.2) (1.8 - 8.1) 90 89 90 86 88 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (73 - 120) (63 - 115) (69 - 120) (63 - 112) (58 - 117) 89 86 82 82 81 Bottom (66 - 120) (59 - 115) (46 - 118) (60 - 111) (27 - 112) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (7.9 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.6) (7.9 - 8.5) 3.3 3.2 3.7 2.7 3.2 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (2.0 - 5.8) (1.7 - 6.2) (1.8 - 7.5) (1.2 - 4.2) (2.0 - 5.5) 3.9 3.8 3.5 4.2 3.8 Turbidity (NTU) (0.5 - 9.8) (0.6 - 9.4) (0.5 - 8.7) (1.0 - 9.4) (0.6 - 9.6) 2.1 1.9 1.5 2.6 1.8 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (0.7 - 4.1) (0.9 - 5.1) (0.7 - 4.4) (0.9 - 5.3) (0.9 - 3.8) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.4 - 1.6) (0.3 - 1.8) (0.4 - 1.6) (0.3 - 1.3) (0.3 - 1.4) 0.022 0.024 0.022 0.026 0.029 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.008 - 0.055) (0.009 - 0.050) (0.007 - 0.048) (0.009 - 0.067) (0.009 - 0.076) 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.004) 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.006) (<0.002 - 0.007) (<0.002 - 0.009) (<0.002 - 0.007) (<0.002 - 0.012) 0.007 0.011 0.008 0.010 0.014 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.024) (<0.002 - 0.031) (<0.002 - 0.022) (<0.002 - 0.028) (<0.002 - 0.044) 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.02 - 0.07) (0.01 - 0.09) (0.01 - 0.08) (0.01 - 0.10) (0.01 - 0.09) 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.15 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.10 - 0.23) (0.10 - 0.20) (0.09 - 0.19) (0.09 - 0.20) (0.09 - 0.30) 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.16 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.10 - 0.23) (0.11 - 0.21) (0.09 - 0.20) (0.10 - 0.21) (0.10 - 0.32) 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.007 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.011) (<0.002 - 0.012) (<0.002 - 0.012) (<0.002 - 0.011) (0.003 - 0.015) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.04) 0.52 0.51 0.47 0.56 0.49 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.12 - 1.39) (0.09 - 1.06) (0.14 - 0.89) (0.05 - 1.10) (0.12 - 1.18) 3.4 3.1 2.4 2.6 2.7 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (1.0 - 7.7) (0.9 - 6.5) (1.2 - 5.3) (1.3 - 5.2) (1.5 - 4.6) 24212 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 27) (1 - 120) (1 - 4) (1 - 9) (1 - 15) 3163 3 5 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 170) (2 - 310) (1 - 20) (1 - 140) (1 - 110)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics of the Port Shelter WCZ in 2009 (continued)

Outer Port Shelter Rocky Harbour Bluff Island Parameter PM7 PM8 PM9 PM11 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 24.0 23.9 23.9 23.8 Temperature (°C) (17.5 - 29.5) (17.5 - 29.6) (17.0 - 29.6) (17.5 - 29.5) 32.8 32.9 32.8 32.8 Salinity (31.5 - 33.7) (31.6 - 33.8) (31.6 - 33.9) (31.5 - 34.0) 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.2 - 8.3) (4.6 - 8.0) (4.6 - 8.0) (5.1 - 7.9) 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.8 Bottom (1.7 - 8.3) (2.1 - 8.0) (2.5 - 8.1) (3.2 - 7.9) 89 88 88 89 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (64 - 121) (68 - 117) (70 - 117) (76 - 114) 77 78 81 82 Bottom (24 - 118) (31 - 121) (36 - 118) (46 - 119) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) 4.1 4.5 4.0 4.1 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (2.6 - 7.5) (2.5 - 8.2) (2.2 - 11.0) (2.1 - 11.0) 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.2 Turbidity (NTU) (0.4 - 9.0) (0.4 - 10.8) (0.4 - 8.8) (0.6 - 8.6) 1.8 3.2 1.9 2.2 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (0.5 - 5.1) (0.5 - 15.9) (0.5 - 5.3) (0.8 - 5.6) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.1 - 1.1) (0.3 - 1.2) (0.3 - 1.4) (0.3 - 1.5) 0.021 0.019 0.020 0.017 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.005 - 0.036) (0.005 - 0.037) (0.006 - 0.034) (0.007 - 0.029) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.005 0.006 0.004 0.007 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.019) (<0.002 - 0.019) (<0.002 - 0.011) (<0.002 - 0.021) 0.017 0.020 0.017 0.020 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.002 - 0.051) (<0.002 - 0.052) (0.002 - 0.048) (0.002 - 0.051) 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.01 - 0.07) (0.01 - 0.08) (0.01 - 0.08) (0.01 - 0.09) 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.11 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.07 - 0.18) (0.06 - 0.16) (0.06 - 0.20) (0.06 - 0.15) 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.08 - 0.19) (0.06 - 0.17) (0.07 - 0.22) (0.06 - 0.19) 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.009) (0.004 - 0.009) (0.003 - 0.010) (0.003 - 0.010) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.02) 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.49 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.15 - 1.00) (0.15 - 0.82) (0.18 - 0.79) (0.17 - 0.83) 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.8 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.7 - 3.3) (0.6 - 4.3) (0.5 - 4.0) (0.9 - 4.5) 1111 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 1) (1 - 1) (1 - 1) (1 - 1) 1111 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 5) (1 - 2) (1 - 3) (1 - 3)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Tolo Harbour WCZ in 2009

Harbour Subzone Buffer Subzone Channel Subzone Parameter TM2 TM3 TM4 TM5 TM6 TM7 TM8 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24.5 24.4 24.2 24.6 23.8 23.8 23.4 Temperature (°C) (16.6 - 30.7) (16.6 - 30.5) (16.2 - 30.5) (16.1 - 30.5) (16.2 - 30.1) (16.1 - 30.0) (16.1 - 29.7) 30.9 31.2 31.4 30.9 31.8 31.9 32.4 Salinity (28.3 - 32.6) (27.6 - 32.7) (29.0 - 32.6) (28.5 - 32.8) (30.4 - 33.1) (30.3 - 33.1) (31.1 - 33.3) 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.7 5.7 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.6 - 9.0) (3.9 - 8.2) (4.4 - 8.0) (4.7 - 7.6) (2.9 - 7.6) (3.4 - 7.4) (2.9 - 8.1) 6.0 5.3 5.5 5.9 4.9 5.1 5.0 Bottom (3.6 - 8.9) (1.9 - 7.6) (2.2 - 8.4) (3.1 - 7.7) (0.3 - 7.8) (1.4 - 7.7) (0.8 - 8.1) 87 83 88 86 80 81 80 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (70 - 141) (60 - 113) (68 - 122) (65 - 120) (44 - 99) (53 - 96) (44 - 100) 86 74 77 84 69 72 69 Bottom (56 - 141) (29 - 97) (34 - 104) (49 - 121) (5 - 98) (20 - 96) (12 - 101) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (7.8 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.3) (7.9 - 8.3) (7.9 - 8.2) 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.9 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.8 - 3.2) (1.5 - 4.2) (1.8 - 4.2) (2.0 - 4.2) (1.8 - 5.5) (2.0 - 5.1) (2.0 - 6.2) 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.9 Turbidity (NTU) (0.9 - 9.9) (0.6 - 8.8) (0.8 - 9.0) (0.7 - 9.1) (0.6 - 9.2) (0.5 - 8.6) (0.9 - 9.1) 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 2.1 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (1.4 - 3.5) (0.7 - 5.5) (0.5 - 4.7) (1.1 - 3.9) (1.0 - 2.5) (0.6 - 2.3) (1.0 - 3.5) 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.5 - 1.9) (0.6 - 2.2) (0.5 - 1.8) (0.5 - 2.3) (0.4 - 1.5) (0.2 - 1.3) (0.1 - 1.0) 0.047 0.047 0.037 0.032 0.032 0.029 0.024 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.015 - 0.110) (0.016 - 0.107) (0.006 - 0.073) (0.007 - 0.063) (0.007 - 0.061) (0.008 - 0.044) (0.006 - 0.048) 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.012) (<0.001 - 0.013) (<0.001 - 0.007) (<0.001 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.004 0.006 0.006 0.007 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.019) (<0.002 - 0.026) (<0.002 - 0.025) (<0.002 - 0.014) (<0.002 - 0.018) (<0.002 - 0.021) (<0.002 - 0.025) 0.019 0.014 0.017 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.017 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.042) (<0.002 - 0.069) (<0.002 - 0.077) (<0.002 - 0.053) (<0.002 - 0.061) (<0.002 - 0.044) (0.002 - 0.096) 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.02 - 0.15) (0.02 - 0.16) (0.01 - 0.15) (0.01 - 0.12) (0.01 - 0.12) (0.01 - 0.09) (0.01 - 0.12) 0.22 0.22 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.15 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.12 - 0.34) (0.16 - 0.27) (0.14 - 0.22) (0.15 - 0.22) (0.14 - 0.23) (0.11 - 0.27) (0.10 - 0.20) 0.24 0.24 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.17 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.12 - 0.39) (0.16 - 0.30) (0.15 - 0.27) (0.15 - 0.25) (0.16 - 0.27) (0.12 - 0.30) (0.11 - 0.26) 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.007 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.010) (0.002 - 0.008) (0.002 - 0.012) (<0.002 - 0.007) (0.004 - 0.012) (0.003 - 0.008) (0.005 - 0.013) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.03) 0.72 0.63 0.66 0.53 0.63 0.57 0.57 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.13 - 1.50) (0.06 - 1.27) (0.08 - 1.23) (0.11 - 1.05) (0.06 - 1.30) (0.07 - 1.20) (0.07 - 1.17) 5.6 5.9 5.1 5.5 3.4 3.4 2.4 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (1.6 - 9.6) (1.2 - 12.3) (1.5 - 14.2) (0.7 - 12.3) (1.3 - 5.2) (0.8 - 7.0) (0.8 - 4.9) 7342211 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 200) (1 - 10) (1 - 18) (1 - 18) (1 - 7) (1 - 2) (1 - 1) 60 18 16 21 4 2 1 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (9 - 810) (3 - 65) (3 - 110) (1 - 630) (1 - 66) (1 - 6) (1 - 6)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Southern WCZ in 2009

Hong Kong Island (South) East Lamma Channel Parameter SM1 SM2 SM19 SM3 SM4 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 24 24 23.9 23.7 24.1 Temperature (°C) (18.0 - 29.7) (18.1 - 29.0) (18.1 - 29.4) (17.7 - 28.9) (17.6 - 28.7) 32.4 32.2 32.6 32.6 31.8 Salinity (29.3 - 33.9) (28.6 - 33.8) (30.4 - 34.0) (31.0 - 33.7) (28.0 - 33.5) 6.3 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.9 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (5.4 - 7.6) (4.8 - 6.7) (4.7 - 7.3) (4.3 - 6.8) (5.0 - 7.0) 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.7 Bottom (2.9 - 7.4) (2.9 - 6.8) (3.3 - 7.4) (2.6 - 6.8) (5.0 - 6.7) 90 85 84 80 84 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (76 - 112) (70 - 98) (70 - 99) (64 - 97) (68 - 106) 82 78 78 75 82 Bottom (42 - 100) (43 - 96) (47 - 99) (37 - 94) (65 - 95) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.0 8.1 pH (8.0 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (8.0 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.3) (7.9 - 8.5) 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.3 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.2 - 5.5) (1.2 - 3.5) (1.5 - 5.7) (1.5 - 4.1) (1.0 - 4.0) 4.6 5.3 4.6 5.3 4.5 Turbidity (NTU) (1.0 - 10.5) (1.5 - 11.1) (0.9 - 12.2) (0.9 - 11.6) (1.0 - 11.0) 4.1 5.0 3.9 4.7 3.7 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (1.3 - 8.2) (2.0 - 8.3) (1.1 - 7.8) (1.7 - 7.2) (1.6 - 5.4) 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.4 - 1.7) (0.4 - 2.0) (0.1 - 1.5) (0.4 - 1.5) (0.5 - 1.6) 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.06 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.005 - 0.036) (0.009 - 0.069) (0.006 - 0.031) (0.014 - 0.067) (0.030 - 0.086) 0.001 0.002 <0.001 0.002 0.003 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.002) (0.001 - 0.003) (0.001 - 0.007) 0.009 0.017 0.011 0.020 0.025 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.037) (0.003 - 0.037) (<0.002 - 0.032) (0.005 - 0.057) (0.007 - 0.080) 0.046 0.063 0.045 0.067 0.092 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.159) (0.011 - 0.237) (0.002 - 0.149) (0.014 - 0.160) (0.022 - 0.235) 0.08 0.11 0.07 0.13 0.18 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.02 - 0.22) (0.03 - 0.30) (0.01 - 0.19) (0.06 - 0.20) (0.10 - 0.30) 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.16 0.19 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.10 - 0.18) (0.12 - 0.20) (0.08 - 0.20) (0.11 - 0.22) (0.13 - 0.24) 0.20 0.23 0.18 0.25 0.31 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.12 - 0.35) (0.16 - 0.47) (0.10 - 0.29) (0.19 - 0.31) (0.21 - 0.47) 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.010 0.012 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.011) (0.003 - 0.015) (<0.002 - 0.011) (0.006 - 0.018) (0.005 - 0.023) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.03) (0.02 - 0.03) 0.49 0.52 0.53 0.65 0.63 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.18 - 0.90) (0.22 - 0.88) (0.22 - 0.90) (0.20 - 0.92) (0.22 - 1.07) 3.6 4.3 2.9 3.1 5.0 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.8 - 11.6) (0.5 - 16.1) (0.4 - 7.5) (0.6 - 7.8) (0.7 - 15.0) 23012214 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 4) (1 - 1100) (1 - 2) (3 - 100) (1 - 72) 25814738 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 8) (2 - 1900) (1 - 3) (5 - 220) (7 - 130)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Southern WCZ in 2009 (continued)

West Lamma Channel Parameter SM5 SM6 SM7 SM9 SM18 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 24.6 24.3 24.4 24.1 24.0 Temperature (°C) (18.2 - 29.6) (18.3 - 29.4) (17.7 - 28.9) (16.5 - 28.8) (18.1 - 29.1) 31.6 31.5 31.1 30.7 32.2 Salinity (25.6 - 33.8) (23.4 - 33.8) (25.0 - 33.3) (25.7 - 33.2) (28.3 - 34.0) 6.5 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.8 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (5.5 - 8.9) (5.7 - 7.6) (4.9 - 7.8) (4.1 - 6.9) (3.9 - 7.1) 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.5 5.3 Bottom (3.8 - 8.0) (2.9 - 7.0) (4.7 - 7.7) (3.2 - 6.6) (2.3 - 7.2) 94 91 88 80 82 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (78 - 132) (80 - 111) (73 - 114) (61 - 92) (58 - 104) 87 83 84 77 74 Bottom (57 - 118) (43 - 103) (72 - 113) (48 - 93) (33 - 102) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8 8.1 pH (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.3) (7.9 - 8.5) 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.0 3.2 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (0.7 - 4.7) (0.8 - 6.0) (1.3 - 3.0) (0.9 - 2.9) (0.8 - 11.0) 5.7 5.8 7.4 7.2 5.9 Turbidity (NTU) (1.3 - 12.5) (0.8 - 15.1) (1.5 - 16.6) (2.9 - 14.4) (1.1 - 11.2) 5.8 5.4 7.3 7.7 5.0 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (1.6 - 13.8) (1.3 - 10.8) (1.8 - 19.7) (3.8 - 16.0) (1.4 - 9.3) 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.3 - 2.7) (0.3 - 2.3) (0.3 - 1.8) (0.3 - 1.6) (<0.1 - 1.5) 0.025 0.027 0.079 0.101 0.020 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.008 - 0.067) (0.013 - 0.061) (0.031 - 0.137) (0.037 - 0.200) (<0.005 - 0.049) 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.005) (0.002 - 0.005) (0.002 - 0.009) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.020 0.023 0.035 0.040 0.014 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.059) (<0.002 - 0.093) (0.012 - 0.110) (0.014 - 0.100) (<0.002 - 0.043) 0.077 0.082 0.141 0.18 0.060 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.016 - 0.310) (0.005 - 0.314) (0.047 - 0.367) (0.042 - 0.363) (<0.002 - 0.197) 0.12 0.13 0.26 0.32 0.09 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.37) (0.02 - 0.39) (0.16 - 0.47) (0.11 - 0.52) (0.01 - 0.26) 0.17 0.17 0.24 0.25 0.13 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.11 - 0.32) (0.12 - 0.23) (0.17 - 0.29) (0.15 - 0.34) (0.09 - 0.17) 0.27 0.27 0.41 0.47 0.20 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.14 - 0.67) (0.13 - 0.57) (0.28 - 0.67) (0.23 - 0.66) (0.12 - 0.33) 0.008 0.009 0.015 0.019 0.008 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.019) (0.002 - 0.025) (0.006 - 0.035) (0.006 - 0.036) (0.004 - 0.011) 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.03) (0.02 - 0.04) (0.02 - 0.05) (0.03 - 0.06) (<0.02 - 0.02) 0.56 0.64 0.84 0.93 0.64 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.21 - 0.99) (0.22 - 1.06) (0.28 - 1.30) (0.46 - 1.30) (0.21 - 1.00) 6.5 6.4 6.7 4.8 2.8 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.6 - 23.2) (0.8 - 25.5) (0.8 - 21.0) (1.3 - 18.3) (0.7 - 12.8) 2 2 10 150 1 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 6) (1 - 14) (1 - 870) (3 - 1100) (1 - 1) 3 3 20 270 1 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 15) (1 - 42) (1 - 2600) (3 - 2000) (1 - 3)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Southern WCZ in 2009 (continued)

Lantau Island (East) Lantau Island (South) Soko Islands Parameter SM10 SM11 SM12 SM13 SM17 SM20 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 12 24.5 24.3 24.3 24.4 24.2 24.1 Temperature (°C) (16.1 - 29.1) (16.6 - 28.9) (16.4 - 28.9) (16.2 - 29.1) (16.6 - 29.1) (16.6 - 29.1) 30.4 30.6 30.7 30.5 31.0 31.0 Salinity (25.5 - 33.3) (26.0 - 33.3) (25.6 - 33.3) (25.5 - 33.2) (24.0 - 33.9) (26.1 - 33.7) 6.26.36.36.56.35.8 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (5.1 - 7.6) (5.0 - 7.8) (5.3 - 8.0) (4.8 - 7.9) (5.1 - 7.1) (3.9 - 7.6) 6.36.06.26.55.95.7 Bottom (5.4 - 7.8) (4.5 - 7.8) (5.0 - 8.0) (4.8 - 7.9) (2.4 - 7.7) (2.9 - 7.6) 89 89 90 92 90 83 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (74 - 105) (69 - 115) (74 - 108) (72 - 107) (76 - 104) (57 - 102) 89 85 88 92 83 80 Bottom (76 - 109) (67 - 116) (72 - 113) (72 - 107) (36 - 104) (43 - 103) 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (8.0 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.3) 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 2.0 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (0.9 - 2.6) (1.2 - 3.7) (1.0 - 3.3) (1.2 - 3.9) (1.4 - 6.4) (1.1 - 3.0) 8.06.99.79.07.69.8 Turbidity (NTU) (2.1 - 13.4) (1.6 - 13.1) (1.7 - 23.5) (1.9 - 20.8) (1.4 - 18.8) (3.2 - 25.0) 8.3 7.3 13.1 9.1 7.5 11.0 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (4.0 - 12.0) (2.0 - 15.7) (2.3 - 36.0) (2.5 - 27.7) (1.2 - 23.3) (3.2 - 33.0) 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.2 - 2.6) (0.2 - 1.9) (0.3 - 2.2) (0.3 - 2.3) (0.2 - 1.0) (0.2 - 1.5) 0.065 0.068 0.049 0.034 0.023 0.028 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.130) (0.030 - 0.113) (0.020 - 0.120) (0.007 - 0.110) (0.005 - 0.065) (0.008 - 0.062) 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.002 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.001 - 0.007) (0.001 - 0.011) (0.001 - 0.007) (<0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.004) 0.037 0.033 0.033 0.029 0.027 0.031 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.110) (0.014 - 0.110) (0.013 - 0.120) (0.009 - 0.081) (<0.002 - 0.091) (0.005 - 0.113) 0.174 0.150 0.140 0.130 0.106 0.135 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.053 - 0.345) (0.050 - 0.293) (0.052 - 0.303) (0.045 - 0.300) (0.004 - 0.277) (0.037 - 0.367) 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.19 0.16 0.19 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.13 - 0.42) (0.12 - 0.40) (0.13 - 0.36) (0.10 - 0.41) (0.01 - 0.38) (0.07 - 0.43) 0.24 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.16 0.16 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.15 - 0.31) (0.17 - 0.35) (0.13 - 0.28) (0.12 - 0.30) (0.12 - 0.22) (0.12 - 0.23) 0.45 0.42 0.38 0.36 0.29 0.32 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.26 - 0.62) (0.25 - 0.57) (0.26 - 0.55) (0.25 - 0.54) (0.13 - 0.55) (0.20 - 0.56) 0.014 0.013 0.011 0.009 0.008 0.009 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.025) (0.004 - 0.026) (<0.002 - 0.026) (<0.002 - 0.018) (0.003 - 0.016) (0.004 - 0.014) 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.05) (0.02 - 0.05) (<0.02 - 0.05) (<0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.04) 0.89 0.92 0.81 0.76 0.75 0.90 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.30 - 1.50) (0.58 - 1.63) (0.15 - 1.50) (0.15 - 1.40) (0.17 - 1.30) (0.17 - 1.53) 6.45.95.36.22.53.3 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (2.3 - 16.0) (1.9 - 16.7) (1.6 - 17.3) (1.8 - 20.0) (1.0 - 5.6) (1.3 - 7.5) 11 3 36 2 1 1 E.coli (count/100mL) (1 - 87) (1 - 18) (1 - 2600) (1 - 21) (1 - 8) (1 - 1) 25 6 79 3 2 2 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1 - 150) (1 - 61) (3 - 3500) (1 - 35) (1 - 12) (1 - 23)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics of the Victoria Harbour WCZ in 2009

Victoria Harbour (East) Victoria Harbour (Central) Parameter VM1 VM2 VM4 VM5 VM6 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 23.6 23.8 23.8 24.0 24.0 Temperature (°C) (18.6 - 28.4) (18.7 - 28.5) (18.6 - 28.6) (18.7 - 28.6) (18.7 - 28.6) 32.3 31.7 31.8 31.2 31.4 Salinity (27.0 - 33.6) (22.5 - 33.5) (24.9 - 33.6) (21.4 - 33.4) (23.6 - 33.3) 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.5 - 7.0) (4.1 - 7.0) (4.1 - 6.7) (4.5 - 6.8) (4.5 - 6.3) 5.4 5.5 5.1 5.2 5.0 Bottom (3.3 - 7.1) (4.2 - 7.0) (2.6 - 6.8) (4.4 - 6.8) (3.4 - 6.6) 78 79 76 74 73 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (53 - 102) (61 - 102) (60 - 98) (64 - 100) (65 - 92) 76 78 72 74 71 Bottom (48 - 102) (61 - 102) (39 - 100) (64 - 99) (49 - 96) 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.9 pH (7.8 - 8.3) (7.6 - 8.3) (7.6 - 8.4) (7.6 - 8.3) (7.6 - 8.4) 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.5 - 3.4) (1.5 - 3.2) (1.6 - 3.0) (1.2 - 3.0) (1.1 - 3.1) 5.6 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.3 Turbidity (NTU) (2.6 - 11.3) (2.2 - 9.9) (2.5 - 10.0) (2.3 - 10.2) (2.5 - 11.9) 7.2 5.2 5.8 5.7 6.0 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (3.5 - 17.9) (2.7 - 8.3) (3.5 - 7.5) (3.3 - 9.1) (3.2 - 10.7) 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.2 - 1.0) (<0.1 - 1.2) (0.2 - 1.2) (0.3 - 1.5) (0.1 - 1.7) 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.029 - 0.190) (0.041 - 0.200) (0.049 - 0.203) (0.062 - 0.203) (0.069 - 0.227) 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.005 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.001 - 0.005) (0.002 - 0.006) (0.001 - 0.007) (0.002 - 0.011) (0.001 - 0.009) 0.021 0.027 0.029 0.036 0.035 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.004 - 0.102) (0.004 - 0.154) (0.005 - 0.152) (0.008 - 0.197) (0.011 - 0.171) 0.076 0.097 0.112 0.134 0.142 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.022 - 0.201) (0.020 - 0.313) (0.026 - 0.360) (0.043 - 0.370) (0.054 - 0.360) 0.16 0.21 0.24 0.29 0.32 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.07 - 0.34) (0.07 - 0.60) (0.08 - 0.57) (0.12 - 0.63) (0.15 - 0.60) 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.28 0.29 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.09 - 0.33) (0.10 - 0.35) (0.15 - 0.38) (0.17 - 0.37) (0.17 - 0.43) 0.29 0.33 0.38 0.45 0.47 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.19 - 0.48) (0.18 - 0.75) (0.22 - 0.69) (0.29 - 0.79) (0.32 - 0.75) 0.016 0.019 0.021 0.025 0.028 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.008 - 0.030) (0.008 - 0.041) (0.011 - 0.032) (0.014 - 0.037) (0.014 - 0.041) 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.02 - 0.05) (0.02 - 0.06) (0.02 - 0.05) (0.03 - 0.05) (0.04 - 0.06) 0.65 0.72 0.74 0.85 0.84 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.18 - 1.80) (0.21 - 2.60) (0.20 - 2.47) (0.19 - 3.30) (0.21 - 2.83) 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.9 3.7 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.4 - 7.3) (0.7 - 9.1) (0.7 - 8.3) (0.7 - 10.1) (0.8 - 11.4) 210 710 2000 3900 2500 E.coli (count/100mL) (53 - 950) (100 - 9400) (510 - 8700) (160 - 19000) (200 - 11000) 490 1400 4000 8900 6300 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (69 - 3400) (150 - 21000) (760 - 12000) (360 - 46000) (680 - 30000)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics of the Victoria Harbour WCZ in 2009 (continued)

Victoria Harbour (West) Stonecutters Island Rambler Channel Parameter VM7 VM8 VM15 VM12 VM14 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 23.5 23.5 24.1 23.5 23.6 Temperature (°C) (17.1 - 29.5) (17.0 - 29.1) (19.0 - 28.7) (16.9 - 29.2) (17.0 - 29.1) 31.4 31.4 31.1 31.4 30.4 Salinity (26.6 - 33.6) (26.1 - 33.4) (21.1 - 33.2) (27.9 - 33.1) (20.7 - 33.0) 5.1 5.5 5.1 5.0 5.4 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.5 - 6.7) (3.9 - 6.3) (4.4 - 6.3) (3.9 - 6.2) (4.2 - 6.6) 4.9 5.5 5.1 4.8 5.2 Bottom (3.0 - 6.4) (3.9 - 6.4) (4.2 - 6.1) (3.0 - 6.3) (3.6 - 6.2) 72 77 73 70 75 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (52 - 97) (59 - 90) (64 - 93) (57 - 82) (62 - 94) 68 77 72 68 73 Bottom (43 - 93) (58 - 91) (62 - 89) (44 - 84) (53 - 86) 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.0 pH (7.7 - 8.4) (7.8 - 8.5) (7.6 - 8.3) (7.8 - 8.4) (7.8 - 8.4) 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.4 - 3.1) (0.8 - 3.5) (1.0 - 2.6) (1.5 - 2.6) (1.6 - 2.8) 5.6 7.3 7.2 12.3 7.2 Turbidity (NTU) (2.1 - 11.3) (2.4 - 21.5) (3.1 - 14.0) (5.0 - 27.0) (3.6 - 14.6) 5.7 7.2 7.9 17.8 7.9 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (3.4 - 10.5) (3.3 - 13.7) (3.3 - 12.4) (6.0 - 51.0) (4.2 - 13.3) 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.4 - 1.6) (0.3 - 1.5) (0.1 - 1.6) (0.5 - 1.2) (0.3 - 1.7) 0.187 0.178 0.150 0.180 0.118 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.081 - 0.307) (0.049 - 0.370) (0.037 - 0.253) (0.082 - 0.277) (0.043 - 0.187) 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.007 0.005 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.002 - 0.017) (0.002 - 0.012) (<0.001 - 0.010) (0.003 - 0.015) (0.002 - 0.013) 0.026 0.030 0.038 0.034 0.042 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.010 - 0.049) (0.008 - 0.089) (0.011 - 0.190) (0.010 - 0.107) (0.010 - 0.120) 0.138 0.135 0.147 0.153 0.214 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.062 - 0.437) (0.046 - 0.457) (0.072 - 0.413) (0.069 - 0.353) (0.070 - 0.730) 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.37 0.37 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.15 - 0.55) (0.12 - 0.56) (0.20 - 0.64) (0.25 - 0.51) (0.23 - 0.82) 0.36 0.33 0.30 0.33 0.27 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.17 - 0.50) (0.18 - 0.55) (0.17 - 0.42) (0.15 - 0.50) (0.13 - 0.36) 0.52 0.50 0.49 0.52 0.52 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.33 - 0.69) (0.25 - 0.69) (0.36 - 0.80) (0.38 - 0.66) (0.38 - 1.00) 0.031 0.026 0.029 0.030 0.023 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.009 - 0.048) (0.005 - 0.046) (0.018 - 0.043) (0.014 - 0.042) (0.006 - 0.035) 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.07) (0.02 - 0.06) (0.04 - 0.06) (0.03 - 0.07) (0.03 - 0.05) 0.87 0.83 0.88 0.98 0.95 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.33 - 1.17) (0.24 - 1.20) (0.19 - 3.10) (0.20 - 1.50) (0.11 - 1.67) 2.9 3.6 4.2 2.2 4.6 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.6 - 10.8) (0.5 - 14.0) (0.7 - 12.0) (0.6 - 7.3) (0.5 - 21.7) 4700 4000 1600 2300 670 E.coli (count/100mL) (750 - 29000) (780 - 29000) (450 - 8500) (380 - 11000) (56 - 2800) 11000 10000 4300 5900 1500 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (1100 - 42000) (1300 - 73000) (990 - 17000) (760 - 28000) (150 - 6600)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Eastern Buffer WCZ in 2009

Chai Wan Tathong Channel Parameter EM1 EM2 EM3 Number of samples 12 12 12 23.2 23.4 23.3 Temperature (°C) (17.4 - 28.5) (17.5 - 28.5) (17.7 - 28.4) 32.7 32.2 32.7 Salinity (30.8 - 33.9) (25.7 - 33.9) (30.1 - 33.9) 5.6 5.8 6.0 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.7 - 7.1) (4.5 - 7.3) (4.1 - 7.4) 5.3 5.4 5.5 Bottom (2.7 - 7.1) (3.1 - 7.2) (2.6 - 7.4) 79 82 85 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (53 - 103) (66 - 106) (60 - 103) 75 76 77 Bottom (38 - 102) (44 - 102) (38 - 102) 8.0 8.0 8.0 pH (7.6 - 8.2) (7.6 - 8.3) (7.6 - 8.3) 2.6 2.7 3.1 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (2.0 - 3.2) (1.8 - 4.0) (1.8 - 6.1) 4.4 4.4 4.6 Turbidity (NTU) (2.0 - 9.9) (2.3 - 9.3) (1.4 - 8.9) 4.5 4.0 4.6 Suspended Solids (mg/L) 22.3 x 17.4cm (2.8 - 6.9) (2.8 - 6.6) (1.2 - 11.2) 0.6 0.6 0.5 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (<0.1 - 1.6) (<0.1 - 1.6) (0.1 - 1.1) 0.039 0.029 0.020 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.014 - 0.063) (0.008 - 0.055) (0.005 - 0.037) 0.001 0.001 <0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.002) 0.016 0.015 0.009 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.073) (<0.002 - 0.087) (<0.002 - 0.045) 0.062 0.055 0.042 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.019 - 0.197) (0.009 - 0.217) (0.006 - 0.167) 0.12 0.10 0.07 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.04 - 0.30) (0.02 - 0.34) (0.02 - 0.23) 0.15 0.15 0.13 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.11 - 0.23) (0.09 - 0.20) (0.09 - 0.20) 0.23 0.22 0.18 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.14 - 0.40) (0.11 - 0.47) (0.10 - 0.34) 0.012 0.010 0.009 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.008 - 0.018) (0.005 - 0.019) (0.006 - 0.014) 0.03 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) 0.62 0.58 0.56 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.23 - 1.76) (0.20 - 1.87) (0.24 - 1.36) 3.5 3.4 2.4 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.8 - 8.6) (0.6 - 10.7) (0.7 - 4.9) 65 19 3 E.coli (count/100mL) (6 - 470) (3 - 240) (1 - 52) 140 46 6 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (7 - 1400) (5 - 970) (1 - 140)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Western Buffer WCZ in 2009

Hong Kong Island Tsing Yi Tsing Yi (West) (South) (West) Parameter WM1 WM2 WM3 WM4 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.3 Temperature (°C) (17.0 - 29.2) (16.9 - 29.1) (16.9 - 29.0) (16.8 - 29.1) 32.3 31.6 31.8 31.6 Salinity (28.7 - 33.6) (27.6 - 33.2) (29.3 - 33.1) (28.4 - 33.2) 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.0 - 6.8) (3.8 - 6.5) (4.0 - 6.3) (3.4 - 6.6) 5.5 5.5 5.1 4.9 Bottom (1.8 - 6.9) (3.4 - 6.6) (2.3 - 6.5) (2.2 - 6.5) 80 78 74 73 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (44 - 93) (56 - 93) (59 - 87) (50 - 91) 77 77 72 69 Bottom (26 - 93) (49 - 93) (33 - 90) (32 - 91) 8.1 8.0 8.0 8.0 pH (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.4) 2.5 2.3 2.2 1.9 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.7 - 3.3) (1.5 - 3.1) (1.2 - 3.1) (1.2 - 2.9) 6.2 6.9 7.4 8.2 Turbidity (NTU) (2.2 - 11.7) (2.6 - 11.1) (3.5 - 13.5) (2.9 - 18.8) 6.122.3 x 17.4cm7.3 7.6 8.9 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (3.0 - 12.0) (3.5 - 13.6) (4.5 - 11.7) (3.3 - 20.2) 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.2 - 2.3) (0.3 - 3.3) (0.3 - 2.0) (0.2 - 1.4) 0.052 0.120 0.151 0.100 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.007 - 0.107) (0.006 - 0.223) (0.011 - 0.387) (0.028 - 0.177) 0.002 0.005 0.006 0.004 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.010) (<0.001 - 0.011) (0.001 - 0.012) 0.019 0.032 0.033 0.035 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (<0.002 - 0.055) (0.008 - 0.123) (0.009 - 0.147) (0.010 - 0.127) 0.070 0.127 0.121 0.152 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.014 - 0.186) (0.031 - 0.370) (0.050 - 0.293) (0.045 - 0.333) 0.14 0.28 0.31 0.29 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.04 - 0.25) (0.06 - 0.49) (0.16 - 0.47) (0.11 - 0.45) 0.17 0.26 0.29 0.23 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.12 - 0.20) (0.14 - 0.38) (0.16 - 0.62) (0.13 - 0.33) 0.26 0.42 0.45 0.42 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.18 - 0.38) (0.21 - 0.61) (0.29 - 0.71) (0.24 - 0.58) 0.013 0.021 0.025 0.021 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.006 - 0.022) (0.010 - 0.033) (0.009 - 0.043) (0.012 - 0.032) 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.03) (0.02 - 0.04) (0.02 - 0.07) (0.02 - 0.05) 0.71 0.87 0.86 0.88 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.10 - 1.12) (0.11 - 1.60) (0.15 - 1.30) (0.18 - 1.50) 2.5 2.7 2.3 3.0 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.7 - 7.7) (0.6 - 10.7) (0.6 - 6.5) (0.6 - 9.0) 100 860 2600 560 E.coli (count/100mL) (15 - 560) (39 - 10000) (340 - 33000) (41 - 4400) 200 1800 6900 1300 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (31 - 1300) (89 - 19000) (840 - 74000) (82 - 7900)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Junk Bay WCZ in 2009

Junk Bay Parameter JM3 JM4 Number of samples 12 12 23.5 23.3 Temperature (°C) (16.8 - 28.4) (17.0 - 28.4) 32.1 32.5 Salinity (27.7 - 33.6) (29.5 - 33.8) 6.0 5.8 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.9 - 7.3) (4.8 - 7.0) 5.6 5.3 Bottom (3.5 - 7.0) (2.7 - 7.1) 86 83 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (71 - 112) (69 - 102) 79 74 Bottom (50 - 100) (39 - 101) 88.0 pH (7.7 - 8.3) (7.7 - 8.3) 2.7 2.8 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.8 - 3.5) (1.8 - 3.5) 4.0 4.6 Turbidity (NTU) (1.2 - 9.1) (2.0 - 9.9) 4.3 5.0 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (2.2 - 7.9) (2.5 - 8.6) 0.8 0.8 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.2 - 1.7) (<0.1 - 1.8) 0.05 0.04 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.089) (0.021 - 0.068) 0.002 0.001 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.019 0.015 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.091) (0.002 - 0.057) 0.064 0.056 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.029 - 0.174) (0.020 - 0.147) 0.13 0.11 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.05 - 0.29) (0.05 - 0.24) 0.18 0.15 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.08 - 0.29) (0.06 - 0.22) 0.26 0.23 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.14 - 0.41) (0.11 - 0.33) 0.013 0.012 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.004 - 0.022) (0.007 - 0.018) 0.03 0.03 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (<0.02 - 0.04) (0.02 - 0.03) 0.60 0.59 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.09 - 1.77) (0.15 - 1.40) 4.4 4.0 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.8 - 11.5) (0.6 - 13.0) 49 55 E.coli (count/100mL) (11 - 430) (11 - 150) 140 140 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (59 - 770) (18 - 380)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for the Deep Bay WCZ in 2009

Inner Deep Bay Outer Deep Bay Parameter DM1 DM2 DM3 DM4 DM5 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 24.7 24.6 24.6 24.7 24.7 Temperature (°C) (13.8 - 33.2) (13.9 - 31.3) (14.8 - 30.9) (16.6 - 30.2) (17.2 - 30.0) 17.5 19.5 22.9 24.2 26.9 Salinity (8.2 - 23.3) (10.6 - 24.7) (13.8 - 30.1) (14.6 - 31.0) (16.5 - 33.0) 4.1 5.0 6.2 6.3 6.4 Dissolv ed Ox y gen (mg/L) (1.0 - 6.0) (2.2 - 8.5) (4.9 - 7.9) (5.0 - 8.6) (5.1 - 8.8) 6.0 6.1 Bottom NM NM NM (4.7 - 8.5) (4.6 - 8.4) 55 67 85 86 89 Dissolv ed Ox y gen (% Saturation) (13 - 77) (29 - 105) (70 - 102) (73 - 108) (74 - 112) 83 85 Bottom NM NM NM (66 - 106) (66 - 107) 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.9 pH (6.9 - 7.9) (7.0 - 7.8) (7.5 - 8.0) (7.6 - 8.0) (7.7 - 8.1) 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (0.1 - 0.8) (0.1 - 0.9) (0.1 - 1.0) (0.1 - 1.3) (0.5 - 1.4) 43.3 37.7 22.6 21.4 15.6 Turbidity (NTU) (14.4 - 104.0) (15.5 - 97.0) (10.7 - 45.5) (10.6 - 45.9) (11.0 - 23.8) 58.8 38.4 23.2 18.9 10.7 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (12.0 - 220.0)22.3 x(9.5 - 17.4cm130.0) (3.8 - 73.0) (4.9 - 41.5) (4.8 - 24.3) 4.1 3.7 1.6 0.9 0.8 5-day Biochemical Ox y gen Demand (mg/L) (1.8 - 13.0) (1.1 - 12.0) (0.2 - 4.5) (<0.1 - 1.7) (<0.1 - 1.5) 4.04 2.63 0.57 0.30 0.17 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (1.200 - 8.300) (0.460 - 4.400) (0.200 - 1.200) (0.130 - 0.465) (0.088 - 0.303) 0.050 0.046 0.015 0.009 0.007 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.012 - 0.108) (0.008 - 0.095) (0.004 - 0.024) (0.005 - 0.020) (0.003 - 0.017) 0.254 0.280 0.202 0.158 0.113 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.170 - 0.340) (0.170 - 0.350) (0.084 - 0.350) (0.060 - 0.295) (0.029 - 0.210) 0.470 0.505 0.678 0.564 0.438 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.150 - 0.940) (0.210 - 0.890) (0.340 - 1.000) (0.230 - 0.820) (0.099 - 0.773) 4.77 3.42 1.45 1.03 0.72 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (2.36 - 8.74) (1.52 - 4.96) (0.98 - 1.95) (0.68 - 1.32) (0.27 - 1.22) 4.86 3.09 0.81 0.53 0.36 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (1.50 - 11.00) (0.76 - 5.20) (0.48 - 1.30) (0.27 - 0.73) (0.19 - 0.62) 5.58 3.87 1.69 1.25 0.91 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (2.66 - 11.40) (1.82 - 5.76) (1.15 - 2.05) (0.92 - 1.56) (0.48 - 1.54) 0.372 0.283 0.109 0.057 0.038 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.190 - 0.650) (0.150 - 0.410) (0.031 - 0.190) (0.012 - 0.094) (0.009 - 0.066) 0.55 0.38 0.16 0.09 0.06 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.25 - 0.94) (0.18 - 0.56) (0.06 - 0.23) (0.07 - 0.13) (0.04 - 0.10) 5.94 4.75 2.78 2.49 1.92 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (3.00 - 8.50) (0.94 - 8.70) (0.49 - 5.70) (0.26 - 4.75) (0.27 - 4.13) 36.0 30.2 5.0 3.2 2.9 Chlorophy ll-a (µg/L) (1.7 - 190.0) (0.5 - 160.0) (0.5 - 12.0) (0.8 - 6.9) (0.5 - 7.2) 1500 470 32 150 220 E.coli (count/100mL) (66 - 35000) (7 - 4700) (1 - 210) (48 - 990) (45 - 640) 2600 770 72 280 500 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (100 - 55000) (16 - 6600) (5 - 450) (95 - 1700) (130 - 1400)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B). Note : 2. Data presented are annual arithmetic means of the depth-averaged results except for E. coli and faecal coliforms Note : 2. which are annual geometric means. Note : 3. Data in brackets indicate the ranges. Note : 4. N.M. - not measured. MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 B - 14 Appendix B

Summary of water quality statistics for the North Western WCZ in 2009

Lantau Island Pearl Island Pillar Point Urmston Road Chek Lap Kok (North) (North) (West) Parameter NM1NM2NM3NM5NM6NM8 Number of samples 12 12 12 12 12 12 23.7 24.0 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.0 Temperature (°C) (17.1 - 29.0) (17.4 - 29.2) (17.2 - 29.6) (17.7 - 29.7) (16.7 - 29.8) (16.9 - 29.7) 30.9 29.2 29.1 28.3 27.9 29.6 Salinity (26.2 - 33.1) (19.9 - 33.2) (20.9 - 33.2) (22.0 - 33.1) (16.1 - 33.0) (20.0 - 33.4) 5.25.65.65.56.26.2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.9 - 6.7) (4.6 - 6.9) (4.2 - 7.2) (4.1 - 6.7) (5.0 - 7.6) (4.1 - 10.0) 5.05.45.45.26.16.0 Bottom (2.7 - 6.9) (3.9 - 6.9) (3.8 - 7.1) (2.9 - 7.2) (4.8 - 8.0) (3.5 - 10.1) 73 79 79 77 87 87 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (58 - 98) (66 - 101) (59 - 105) (58 - 97) (71 - 107) (60 - 127) 70 76 77 73 85 84 Bottom (39 - 97) (57 - 100) (55 - 104) (42 - 98) (69 - 102) (52 - 127) 7.97.97.97.98.08.0 pH (7.8 - 8.1) (7.8 - 8.1) (7.8 - 8.1) (7.8 - 8.0) (7.8 - 8.1) (7.9 - 8.2) 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (0.9 - 2.3) (1.5 - 2.1) (1.0 - 2.5) (0.8 - 2.0) (0.7 - 2.7) (0.8 - 2.2) 10.4 9.3 11.1 14 13.2 16.7 Turbidity (NTU) (2.9 - 19.6) (3.0 - 19.5) (4.9 - 32.4) (5.2 - 27.9) (6.9 - 38.1) (6.2 - 43.3) 11.4 22.3 9.3x 17.4cm11.3 14.1 13.4 20.6 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (3.4 - 27.3) (3.1 - 22.0) (4.5 - 30.7) (6.3 - 26.7) (5.2 - 41.3) (6.6 - 59.3) 0.60.60.70.70.70.7 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.2 - 1.3) (0.1 - 1.7) (0.2 - 1.2) (0.2 - 1.3) (0.2 - 1.4) (<0.1 - 1.5) 0.106 0.108 0.108 0.137 0.081 0.040 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.010 - 0.167) (0.013 - 0.160) (0.012 - 0.170) (0.032 - 0.253) (0.033 - 0.143) (0.013 - 0.079) 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.002 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (<0.001 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.006) (0.001 - 0.006) (0.001 - 0.005) (<0.001 - 0.003) 0.040 0.053 0.058 0.072 0.069 0.038 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.011 - 0.143) (0.011 - 0.157) (0.015 - 0.167) (0.026 - 0.183) (0.021 - 0.200) (0.009 - 0.088) 0.172 0.255 0.272 0.33 0.347 0.215 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.065 - 0.380) (0.059 - 0.670) (0.058 - 0.637) (0.095 - 0.700) (0.101 - 0.857) (0.030 - 0.790) 0.32 0.42 0.44 0.54 0.50 0.29 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.15 - 0.49) (0.12 - 0.88) (0.11 - 0.86) (0.25 - 0.92) (0.20 - 1.05) (0.07 - 0.89) 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.30 0.26 0.21 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.18 - 0.35) (0.12 - 0.33) (0.19 - 0.35) (0.19 - 0.40) (0.17 - 0.41) (0.15 - 0.28) 0.47 0.57 0.60 0.70 0.67 0.46 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.38 - 0.61) (0.30 - 1.05) (0.31 - 1.06) (0.43 - 1.10) (0.31 - 1.23) (0.22 - 1.04) 0.022 0.023 0.024 0.028 0.020 0.013 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.013 - 0.030) (0.012 - 0.036) (0.010 - 0.037) (0.020 - 0.042) (0.007 - 0.041) (0.005 - 0.027) 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.06) (0.03 - 0.05) (0.03 - 0.05) (0.03 - 0.07) (0.03 - 0.06) (0.02 - 0.05) 1.00 1.24 1.29 1.45 1.53 1.24 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.30 - 1.97) (0.30 - 2.70) (0.29 - 2.87) (0.40 - 2.97) (0.40 - 4.23) (0.45 - 4.33) 2.42.63.43.85.64.8 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.8 - 6.0) (0.7 - 7.1) (1.0 - 12.0) (0.5 - 13.0) (0.7 - 19.7) (0.9 - 21.3) 480 290 320 390 19 2 E.coli (count/100mL) (50 - 2600) (42 - 1300) (100 - 820) (92 - 940) (1 - 170) (1 - 4) 1200 710 850 930 38 4 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (130 - 6800) (120 - 3800) (200 - 3000) (220 - 2300) (1 - 300) (1 - 16)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Mirs Bay WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO MM1 MM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM2 MM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM3 MM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM4 MM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM5 MM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM6 MM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO MM7 MM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Shenzhen N Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 1. Bottom 100% WQO MM2 MM3 WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L MM1 MM4

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% MM7 MM5 2. Depth-averaged

WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L MM6 Mirs Bay % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance Sha Tin

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 1 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Mirs Bay WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged) 100% 100% WQO WQO MM8 MM8

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% 100% WQO WQO MM13 MM13

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% 100% WQO WQO MM14 MM14

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% WQO 100% WQO MM15 MM15

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% WQO 100% WQO MM16 MM16

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% WQO 100% WQO MM17 MM17

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year 100% WQO 100% WQO MM19 MM19

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

MM17 Tai Po

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

MM16 1. Bottom Sai Kung 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0%

2. Depth-averaged

MM15 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L

Mirs Bay % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

MM19 MM14 Non-compliance No data ; monitoring has not started

MM8

MM13

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 2 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Mirs Bay WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged) TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 MM1 0.01 MM1 0.1 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM2 0.1 MM2 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM3 0.1 MM3

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM4 0.1 MM4 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM5 0.1 MM5 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 MM6 0.01 MM6 0.1 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM7 0.1 MM7 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) N Shenzhen TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.3 mg/L 0.30.3 WQO MM2 MM3 MM1 MM4 annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00

MM7 MM5 Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 MM6 Mirs Bay annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 00

Sha Tin Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 3 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Mirs Bay WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) TIN (mg/L) (depth-averaged) NH3-N (mg/L) (depth-averaged) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM8 0.1 MM8 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM13 0.1 MM13

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM14 0.1 MM14 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM15 0.1 MM15 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM16 0.1 MM16 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 MM17 0.1 MM17 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 TIN (mg/L) Year NH3-N (mg/L) Year 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 MM19 0.01 MM19 0.1 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

MM17 Tai Po

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) MM16 WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged Sai Kung TIN < 0.3 mg/L 0.30.3 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00

Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) MM15 NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 WQO Mirs Bay annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 00

MM19 MM14 Non-compliance No data ; monitoring has not started

MM8

MM13

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 4 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Mirs Bay WCZ (continued)

E. coli (annual geometric mean)

5 5

MM2 MM7 (cfu/100mL) 0 (cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

MM6

(cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

Shenzhen N

E. coli MM2 WQO for secondary contact recreation subzones : MM7 annual geometric mean for depth averaged Mirs Bay E. coli < 610 cfu/100mL Tai Po 610610 WQO annual geometric mean for depth averaged E. coli (cfu/100mL) MM6 0

Non-compliance Sai Kung

Secondary contact recreation subzone

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 5 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Port Shelter WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO PM1 PM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM2 PM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM3 PM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM4 PM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM9 PM9

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

PM1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Sai Kung PM4 1. Bottom PM2 N 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L PM3 % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0%

2. Depth-averaged

WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO PM9 DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance

Port Shelter

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 6 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Port Shelter WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO PM6 PM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM7 PM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM8 PM8

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO PM11 PM11

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Sai Kung Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom N 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0%

2. Depth-averaged PM6 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L PM7

% sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L PM11 Non-compliance PM8

Port Shelter

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 7 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Port Shelter WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM1 0.1 WQO PM1 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM2 0.1 WQO PM2 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM3 0.1 WQO PM3 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM4 0.1 WQO PM4 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM9 0.1 WQO PM9 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

PM1 Sai Kung PM4 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) PM2 N WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.1 mg/L 0.10.1 WQO

PM3 annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 0

Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NH -N (mg/L) PM9 WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021

annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 0

Non-compliance Port Shelter

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 8 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Port Shelter WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM6 0.1 WQO PM6 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM7 0.1 WQO PM7 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM8 0.1 WQO PM8 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.2 0.021 WQO

PM11 0.1 WQO PM11 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Sai Kung Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged N TIN < 0.1 mg/L 0.10.1 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00 Unionised Ammonia (NH -N) PM6 3 NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 PM7 0.021 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.021

annual mean for depth-averaged 0 PM11 NH3-N 0

PM8 Non-compliance Port Shelter

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 9 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Port Shelter WCZ (continued)

E. coli (annual geometric mean)

10 10

PM1 5 PM6 5 (cfu/100mL) 0 (cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

10 10

PM2 5 PM7 5 (cfu/100mL) 0 (cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

10 10

PM3 5 PM8 5 (cfu/100mL) (cfu/100mL) 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

10 10

PM4 5 PM9 5 (cfu/100mL) (cfu/100mL) 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

PM11 5

(cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

PM1 Sai Kung PM4

PM2 N

PM3 E. coli WQO for secondary contact recreation subzones : annual geometric mean for depth averaged E. coli < 610 cfu/100mL PM6 610610 WQO PM9 annual geometric mean for depth averaged PM7 E. coli (cfu/100mL) 0

PM11 Non-compliance

PM8

Port Shelter

Secondary contact recreation subzone

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 10 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (water column average)

100% WQO 100% WQO TM2 TM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO TM3 TM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO TM4 TM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO TM5 TM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO TM6 TM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

Harbour Subzone (TM2 - TM4)

1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 100% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% 2. Water column average (surface to 2m above bottom)

N WQO : 100% sample with water column 100% WQO average DO > 4 mg/L Tai Po % sample with water column average DO > 4 mg/L 0% TM5 Buffer Buffer Subzone (TM5 - TM6) TM3 Subzone Harbour TM6 1. Bottom WQO Subzone Tolo Habour 100% TM4 WQO : 100% sample with bottom DO > 3 mg/L & Channel TM2 % sample with bottom DO > 3 mg/L Sha Tin 0% 2. Water column average (surface to 2m above bottom)

WQO : 100% sample with water column 100% WQO average DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with water column average DO > 4 mg/L 0%

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 11 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (surface) (bottom)

100% WQO 100% WQO TM7 TM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO TM8 TM8

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (middle)

100% WQO TM7

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

100% WQO TM8

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

Channel Subzone (TM7 - TM8)

1. Surface 100% WQO WQO : 100% sample with surface DO > 4 mg/L N

0% TM8 % sample with surface DO > 4 mg/L Tai Po Channel 2. Middle Subzone 100% WQO WQO : 100% sample with middle DO > 4 mg/L

TM7 % sample with middle DO > 4 mg/L 0% Tolo Habour & Channel 3. Bottom Sha Tin 100% WQO WQO : 100% sample with bottom DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 4 mg/L 0%

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 12 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ (continued)

E. coli (annual geometric mean)

200 10

100 TM2 TM6 5 (cfu/100mL) 0 (cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100 10

50 TM3 TM7 5 (cfu/100mL) (cfu/100mL) 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

20 10

10 TM4 TM8 5 (cfu/100mL) (cfu/100mL) 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TM5 5

(cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

N E. coli TM8 Tai Po WQO for secondary contact recreation subzones : Channel annual geometric mean for depth averaged Subzone TM5 E. coli < 610 cfu/100mL Buffer 610610 WQO Subzone TM3 annual geometric mean for depth averaged TM6 TM7 Harbour E. coli (cfu/100mL) Subzone Tolo Habour TM4 0 & Channel TM2 Non-compliance Sha Tin

Secondary contact recreation subzone

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 13 Appendix C

Levels of chlorophyll-a in the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ

Chlorophyll-a

1. Harbour Subzone 2. Buffer Subzone

100% 100% TM2 TM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% TM6

TM3 0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

3. Channel Subzone

100% 100% TM4 TM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% TM8

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

Chlorophyll-a

1. Harbour Subzone

% sample (S, M, B) with N Chlorophyll-a < 20 μg/L

TM8 WQO : Chlorophyll-a < 20 μg/L Tai Po Channel 2. Buffer Subzone TM5 Subzone % sample (S, M, B) with Buffer Chlorophyll-a < 10 μg/L TM3 Subzone TM6 TM7 Harbour WQO : Chlorophyll-a < 10 μg/L Tolo Habour Subzone TM4 & Channel TM2 3. Channel Subzone Sha Tin % sample (S, M, B) with Chlorophyll-a < 6 μg/L

WQO : Chlorophyll-a < 6 μg/L

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 14 Appendix C

Levels of total inorganic nitrogen and unionised ammonia in the Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged) TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM2 0.2 TM2 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM3 0.2 TM3 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM4 0.2 TM4 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM5 0.2 TM5 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM6 0.2 TM6 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM7 0.2 TM7 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.4 0.021

TM8 0.2 TM8 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) N

TM8 annual mean for depth-averaged Tai Po TIN (mg/L) Channel TM5 Subzone Buffer TM3 Subzone Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) TM6 TM7 Harbour Subzone TM4 Tolo Habour & Channel annual mean for depth-averaged TM2 Sha Tin NH3-N (mg/L)

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 15 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO SM1 SM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM2 SM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM3 SM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM4 SM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM19 SM19

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Kowloon N 1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% Lantau Island Hong Kong Island 2. Depth-averaged SM3 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO SM2 SM4 DO > 4 mg/L SM1 % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L Southern SM19 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 16 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% WQO 100% WQO SM5 SM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO SM6 SM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO SM7 SM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM9 SM9

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO SM18 SM18

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Kowloon N 1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% Lantau Island SM9 Hong Kong Island 2. Depth-averaged SM7 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO SM6 DO > 4 mg/L

SM5 % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L Southern SM18 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 17 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% WQO 100% WQO SM10 SM10

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM11 SM11

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM12 SM12

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM13 SM13

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM17 SM17

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO SM20 SM20

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

N Kowloon 1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L SM10

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% Hong Kong Island Lantau Island 2. Depth-averaged SM11 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L

SM13 SM12 % sample with depth-averaged 0% SM20 DO > 4 mg/L SM17 Southern Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 18 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.2

SM1 0.1 WQO SM1 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.2

SM2 0.1 WQO SM2 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.2

SM3 0.1 WQO SM3 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.2

SM4 0.1 WQO SM4 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.2

SM19 0.1 WQO SM19 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Kowloon TIN (mg/L) N WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.1 mg/L 0.10.1 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) SM3 NH3-N (mg/L) SM2 WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged SM4 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 SM1 annual mean for depth-averaged Southern SM19 NH3-N 00 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 19 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 0.01 SM5 0.1 WQO SM5 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 SM6 SM6 0.01 0.1 WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 SM7 0.01 0.1 WQO SM7 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 SM9 SM9 0.01 0.1 WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 SM18 SM18 0.01 0.1 WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

Kowloon TIN (mg/L) N WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.1 mg/L 0.10.1 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00 Lantau Island SM9 Hong Kong Island SM7 Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO SM6 NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 SM5 annual mean for depth-averaged SM18 NH -N 0 Southern 3 0 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 20 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L)

0.4 0.021 WQO 0.3 SM10 0.2 SM10 0.01 0.1 WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 0.01 SM11 0.1 WQO SM11 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 0.01 SM12 0.1 WQO SM12 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 0.01 SM13 0.1 WQO SM13 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 0.01 SM17 0.1 WQO SM17 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 0.2 SM20 0.01 SM20 0.1 WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) Kowloon WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged N TIN < 0.1 mg/L 0.10.1 WQO

SM10 annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) SM11 NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 SM13 SM12 annual mean for depth-averaged SM20 NH3-N 00 SM17 Southern Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 21 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Southern WCZ (continued)

E. coli (annual geometric mean)

10 50

SM1 5 SM10 25 (cfu/100mL) (cfu/100mL) 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

150 20

100 10 SM2 50 SM11 (cfu/100mL) 0 (cfu/100mL) 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

N Kowloon

SM10 E. coli

Hong Kong Island WQO for secondary contact recreation subzones : Lantau Island annual geometric mean for depth averaged SM11 E. coli < 610 cfu/100mL 610610 WQO SM2 annual geometric mean for depth averaged SM1 E. coli (cfu/100mL) 0 Non-compliance Southern

Secondary contact recreation subzone

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 22 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Victoria Harbour WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO VM1 VM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM2 VM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM4 VM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO VM5 VM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM6 VM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

N Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

Kowloon 1. Bottom 100%100% WQOWQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L Victoria VM2 Harbour % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L VM6 VM1 0%0% VM4

VM5 2. Depth-averaged

Hong Kong Island WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100%100% WQOWQO DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with depth-averaged 0%0% DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 23 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Victoria Harbour WCZ (continued)

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO VM7 VM7

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM8 VM8

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM12 VM12

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM14 VM14

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO VM15 VM15

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

VM14 N Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom VM12 Kowloon 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

VM15 % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L Victoria 0% VM7 VM8 Harbour 2. Depth-averaged

WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO Hong Kong Island DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 24 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Victoria Harbour WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.6 0.021 WQO 0.4 WQO 0.01 VM1 0.2 VM1

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.6 0.021 WQO 0.4 WQO 0.01 VM2 0.2 VM2

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.6 0.021 WQO 0.4 WQO 0.01 VM4 0.2 VM4

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.6 0.021 WQO 0.4 WQO 0.01 VM5 0.2 VM5

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.6 0.021 WQO 0.4 WQO 0.01 VM6 0.2 VM6

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

N Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) Kowloon WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.4 mg/L 0.40.3 WQO

Victoria annual mean for depth-averaged VM2 Harbour TIN 0 VM6 VM1 0 VM4

VM5 Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NH -N (mg/L) Hong Kong Island WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021

annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 0

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 25 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Victoria Harbour WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.8 0.021 WQO

VM7 0.4 WQO VM7 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.8 0.021 WQO

VM8 0.4 WQO VM8 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.8 0.021 WQO

VM12 0.4 WQO VM12 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.8 0.021 WQO

VM14 0.4 WQO VM14 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.8 0.021 WQO

VM15 0.4 WQO VM15 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

VM14 N Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN (mg/L) VM12 Kowloon TIN < 0.4 mg/L 0.40.3 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged VM15 TIN Victoria 00 VM7 VM8 Harbour Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N)

Hong Kong Island WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N (mg/L) NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 00 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 26 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Eastern Buffer WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO EM1 EM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO EM2 EM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO EM3 EM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Kowloon Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom Junk Bay 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0%

2. Depth-averaged

EM1 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO Eastern Buffer DO > 4 mg/L Hong Kong Island EM2 % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L EM3 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 27 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Eastern Buffer WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L)

0.4 WQO 0.021 WQO

EM1 0.2 EM1 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) WQO 0.4 WQO 0.021

EM2 0.2 EM2 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) WQO 0.4 WQO 0.021

EM3 0.2 EM3 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Kowloon Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 0.4 WQO TIN < 0.4 mg/L 0.3 Junk Bay annual mean for depth-averaged 0 TIN 0

Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) EM1 NH3-N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged Eastern Buffer 0.0210.021 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L Hong Kong Island EM2 annual mean for depth-averaged 00 EM3 NH3-N 0

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 28 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Western Buffer WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO WM1 WM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO WM2 WM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO WM3 WM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO WM4 WM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Kowloon

N WM4 Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom

100% WQO WM3 WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L Western Buffer % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% WM2 2. Depth-averaged Hong Kong WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged Island 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L WM1 % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 29 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Western Buffer WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L)

0.4 WQO 0.021 WQO

WM1 0.2 WM1 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) WQO 0.4 WQO 0.021

WM2 0.2 WM2 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L)

0.4 WQO 0.021 WQO

WM3 0.2 WM3 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) WQO 0.4 WQO 0.021

WM4 0.2 WM4 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Kowloon

N WM4 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged WM3 TIN < 0.4 mg/L 0.40.3 WQO Western Buffer annual mean for depth-averaged WM2 TIN 00 Hong Kong Unionised Ammonia (NH -N) Island 3 NH3-N (mg/L) WM1 WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021

annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 0

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 30 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Junk Bay WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% WQO 100% WQO JM3 JM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% WQO 100% WQO JM4 JM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 JM3 0.1 JM3 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.3 WQO 0.2 0.01 JM4 0.1 JM4 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0% N 2. Depth-averaged

WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L

JM3 % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

Junk Bay Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

JM4 TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.3 mg/L 0.30.3 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00

Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021

annual mean for depth-averaged 0 NH3-N 0

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 31 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Deep Bay WCZ

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% WQO DM1 DO (bottom) not measured, water depth < 3m DM1

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

100% WQO DM2 DO (bottom) not measured, water depth < 3m DM2

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

100% WQO DM3 DO (bottom) not measured, water depth < 3m DM3

0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

100% 100% WQO WQO DM4 DM4

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO DM5 DM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Shenzhen N 1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L

DM2 DM1 % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L Inner 0% Subzone 2. Depth-averaged DM3 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO Deep DO > 4 mg/L Bay Yuen Long Outer DM4 Subzone % sample with depth-averaged 0% DO > 4 mg/L

DM5 Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 32 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the Deep Bay WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged)

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 8 0.2 6 DM1 4 DM1 0.1 2 WQO 0 WQO 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 8 0.2 6 DM2 4 DM2 0.1 2 WQO 0 WQO 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 4 0.2 3 DM3 2 0.1 1 DM3 WQO WQO 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 1

DM4 0.5 WQO DM4 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 1

DM5 0.5 WQO DM5 0.01

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

Inner Subzone (DM1 - DM3) TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 0.70.7 WQO TIN < 0.7 mg/L

ShenzhenShenzhen annual mean for depth-averaged 00 N TIN

Outer Subzone (DM4 - DM5) TIN (mg/L) DM2 DM1 Inner WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 0.50.5 WQO Subzone TIN < 0.5 mg/L

DM3 annual mean for depth-averaged 00 TIN Deep Bay Yuen Long Outer DM4 Unionised Ammonia (NH -N) Subzone 3 WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N (mg/L) DM5 NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021 WQO

annual mean for depth-averaged NH3-N 00

Non-compliance

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 33 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the North Western WCZ Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (bottom) (depth-averaged)

100% 100% WQO WQO NM1 NM1

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO NM2 NM2

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO NM3 NM3

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO NM5 NM5

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO NM6 NM6

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

100% 100% WQO WQO NM8 NM8

0% 0% 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

N Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

1. Bottom 100% WQO WQO : 90% sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L Tuen Mun % sample with bottom DO > 2 mg/L 0%

2. Depth-averaged

NM5 WQO : 90% sample with depth-averaged 100% WQO DO > 4 mg/L

% sample with depth-averaged 0% North NM2 Western NM3 NM1 DO > 4 mg/L

Non-compliance NM6

Lantau NM8 Island

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 34 Appendix C

Levels of compliance with key Water Quality Objectives in the North Western WCZ (continued)

Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN) Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) (depth-averaged) (depth-averaged) TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM1 0.25 NM1

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM2 0.25 NM2

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM3 0.25 NM3

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM5 0.25 NM5

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM6 0.25 NM6

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year TIN (mg/L) NH3-N (mg/L) 0.021 WQO 0.5 WQO 0.01 NM8 0.25 NM8

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

N Total Inorganic Nitrogen (TIN)

TIN (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged TIN < 0.5 mg/L 0.50.5 WQO Tuen Mun annual mean for depth-averaged TIN 00

Unionised Ammonia (NH3-N) NM5 NH -N (mg/L) WQO : annual mean for depth-averaged 3 WQO NH3-N < 0.021 mg/L 0.0210.021

North NM2 NM3 NM1 annual mean for depth-averaged Western 0 NH3-N 0

NM6 Non-compliance

Lantau NM8 Island

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 C - 35 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Mirs Bay WCZ, 1991 - 2009

Monitoring Station MM1 MM2 MM3 MM4 MM5 MM6 MM7 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 Monitoring Period IIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface ------Temperature (°C) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Salinity Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------pH Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Secchi disc depth (m) - Ô Ô Ô --Ô Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface - Ò Ò ---Ò Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ò Ò --Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Ò Average - Ò Ò - Ò - Ò Surface - Ò Ò ---Ò Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ò ---Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò - Ò - Ò Average Ò Ò Ò - Ò - Ò Surface ------5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô - Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô ----Ô - Bottom -----Ô - Average Ô ----Ô - Surface ------Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom Ò ------Average Ò ------Surface - Ô Ô --Ô Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle -----Ô Ô Bottom -----Ô - Average -----Ô Ô Surface Ô ----Ô - Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô ------Bottom Ô Ô ----- Average Ô Ô ----- Surface Ô ----Ô - Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô ------Bottom Ô ---Ô -- Average Ô Ô --Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô ---Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò - Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface ------E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle ------Bottom ------Average -----Ô - Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 1 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Mirs Bay WCZ, 1986 - 2009 (continued)

Monitoring Station MM8 MM13 MM14 MM15 MM16 MM17 1991 1991 1994 1994 1994 1986 Monitoring Period IIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò ----Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò ----Ò Bottom Ò ----Ò Average -----Ò Surface ------Salinity Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface -----Ô Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle ------Bottom - Ò ---Ò Average ------Surface ------pH Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Secchi disc depth (m) - Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface -----Ô Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle -----Ô Bottom Ò ----- Average Ò ----Ô Surface ------Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface -----Ô 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom -----Ô Average ------Surface ------Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average -----Ô Surface -----Ô Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface - Ô ---Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô ---Ô Bottom Ô Ô ---Ô Average Ô ----Ô Surface Ô Ô ---Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô ---Ô Bottom Ô Ô ---Ô Average Ô Ô ---Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô ---Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô ---Ô Bottom Ô Ô ---Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface ----Ô Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle -----Ô Bottom Ô ----Ô Average -----Ô Surface Ò Ò ---- Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle Ò Ò ---Ò Bottom Ò Ò ---Ò Average Ò Ò ---Ò Surface ------E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. MM19 has nine years' data only, which are insufficient to perform Seasonal Kendall Test Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 2 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Port Shelter WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM6 PM7 PM8 PM9 PM11 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1993 Monitoring Period IIIIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface ----Ò ---- Salinity Middle ------Bottom ----Ò ---- Average ----Ò ---- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ---Ô ----- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle --Ò ------Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò ----- Average ------Surface Ô - Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- pH Middle Ô --Ô Ô Ô --- Bottom ----Ô Ô --- Average Ô ---Ô Ô --- Secchi disc depth (m) ------Ô - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface - Ô Ô - Ô Ô --- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô Ô Ô ---- Bottom - Ô ----Ò - Ò Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô ---- Surface ------Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Ò Average ------Ò Surface - Ô --Ô ---- 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ----Ô ---- Bottom ------Average - Ô --Ô ---- Surface - Ô --Ô ---- Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ----Ô ---- Surface ------Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Ò Surface ------Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom -----Ò Ò -- Average ------Surface - Ô --Ô ---- Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô ---Ô ---- Bottom ------Average - Ô --Ô ---- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô - Ô Ô Ô --Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô --Ô ---Ô Bottom Ô Ô ------Ô Average Ô Ô - Ô Ô ---Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô --Ô - Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô --Ô --Ô - Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô --Ô Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô - Ô ----- Average Ô Ô - Ô ----- Surface Ò - Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò - Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò - Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò - Ò Ò - Ò Ò -- Surface - Ô --Ô ---- E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle - Ô --Ô ---- Bottom - Ô ------Average Ô Ô Ô - Ô ---- Surface ----Ô ---- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle ----Ô ---- Bottom - Ô ------Average - Ô --Ô ---- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 3 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Tolo Habour and Channel WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station TM2 TM3 TM4 TM5 TM6 TM7 TM8 1986 1986 1986 1988 1986 1988 1986 Monitoring Period IIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle NA Ò Ò NA Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò Salinity Middle NA --NA --- Bottom ---Ò --Ò Average Ò - Ò Ò --Ò Surface - Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle NA --NA Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò - Average ------Surface - Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle NA --NA Ò - Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò Ò Average Ò ------Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô pH Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô - Bottom ---Ô --- Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Secchi disc depth (m) Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle NA Ò Ò NA Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô Ô - Ô - Ô Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA - Ô Ô Bottom Ô - Ô - Ô -- Average Ô - Ô - Ô Ô - Surface Ô - Ô - Ô - Ô Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle NA --NA --- Bottom Ô ------Average Ô - Ô - Ô -- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô ----- Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface ------Silica (mg/L) Middle NA --NA --Ô Bottom ----Ô Ô - Average ------Surface Ô - Ô - Ô -- Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle NA --NA --- Bottom -----Ò Ò Average ------Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle NA Ô Ô NA Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô - Ô ---- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle NA Ô Ô NA --- Bottom Ô - Ô ---- Average Ô - Ô ---- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. NA (Not Applicable) indicates the measurement was not made due to shallow water Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 4 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Southern WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station SM1 SM2 SM3 SM4 SM5 SM6 SM7 SM9 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1988 Monitoring Period IIIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface ------Salinity Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface --Ô Ô ---- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle --Ô ----- Bottom ---Ô ---- Average --Ô Ô ---- Surface --Ô Ô ---- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle ------Bottom ------Average --Ô ----- Surface - Ô - Ô ---- pH Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Secchi disc depth (m) ------Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface ------Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------Ò Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ---Ò ---Ò Bottom ------Ò Average ------Ò Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò --Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò ---Ò Average - Ò - Ò --Ò Ò Surface - Ò - Ò --Ò Ò Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ò Ò - Ò --Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò --Ò Ò Average Ò Ò - Ò --Ò Ò Surface - Ò - Ò --Ò Ò Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ---Ò --Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò --Ò Ò Average ---Ò --Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô - Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Average Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô -- Surface Ô Ô ------Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô ----- Bottom Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô -- Average Ô Ô Ô ----- Surface Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô -- Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle -----Ô -- Bottom - Ô -----Ô Average Ô Ô --Ô Ô - Ô Surface - Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô ---Ô --- Silica (mg/L) Middle ------Ô Bottom ------Average ------Ô Surface --Ò ---Ò Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle Ò ---Ò - Ò Ò Bottom ----Ò - Ò Ò Average --Ò ---Ò Ò Surface ---Ò --Ò Ò E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle ---Ò --Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò --Ò Ò Average Ô --Ò --Ò Ò Surface - Ò Ò Ò --Ò Ò Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle ---Ò --Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò Ò - Ò Ò Average - Ò - Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 5 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Southern WCZ, 1986 - 2009 (continued)

Monitoring Station SM10 SM11 SM12 SM13 SM17 SM18 SM19 SM20 1986 1986 1986 1986 1989 1989 1989 1999 Monitoring Period IIIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Temperature (°C) Middle NA Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface ------Salinity Middle NA ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface --Ô Ô Ô - Ô - Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle NA -----Ô - Bottom -----Ô -- Average ----Ô Ô Ô - Surface ------Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle NA ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface - Ô Ô Ô ---- pH Middle NA - Ô Ô ---- Bottom --Ô Ô ---- Average - Ô Ô Ô ---- Secchi disc depth (m) ------Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Turbidity (NTU) Middle NA Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface ---Ò ---- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle NA --Ò ---- Bottom --Ò --Ò Ò - Average ---Ò ---- Surface Ò -----Ò Ò Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle NA ------Ò Bottom --Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average ------Ò Ò Surface ------5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô -- Bottom - Ô Ô ----- Average ------Surface ------Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ------Bottom - Ò ------Average - Ò ------Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò --Ò Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò Ò Ò Ò --Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò ---Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò --Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò --- Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò Ò Ò ---- Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Average Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò Ò Ò ---- Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Average Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Surface Ô Ô -----Ò Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô --Ô Ô Ô - Bottom Ô - Ô - Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô ---Ô Ô Ô - Surface -----Ô - Ò Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ---Ô Ô Ô - Bottom ----Ô Ô Ô - Average ----Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô - Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA ---Ô Ô Ô - Bottom ----Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô ---Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface -----Ô Ô - Silica (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô -- Bottom ------Average -----Ô -- Surface Ò - Ò Ò Ò - Ò - Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle NA - Ò Ò Ò --- Bottom Ò ---Ò --- Average Ò --Ò ---- Surface ------E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle NA ------Bottom - Ô ------Average - Ô ------Surface ------Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle NA ------Bottom --Ò Ò ---- Average --Ò Ò ---- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. NA (Not Applicable) indicates the measurement was not made due to shallow water Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 6 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Victoria Harbour WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station VM1 VM2 VM4 VM5 VM6 1988 1988 1988 1986 1988 Monitoring Period IIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò -- Salinity Middle Ò Ò Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò Ò - Ò Average Ò Ò Ò -- Surface Ò ---- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô ---Ô pH Middle ----- Bottom ----- Average Ô ---Ô Secchi disc depth (m) Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô - Average - Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface ----- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle ----- Bottom ---Ô - Average ----- Surface Ô Ô --- 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô --- Bottom Ô - Ô -- Average Ô Ô --- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface ----- Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ----- Bottom Ô ---- Average ----- Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle --Ò Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò Ò Average --Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô Ô -- Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô -- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô - Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô - Ô Average Ô Ô Ô - Ô Surface - Ò Ò - Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle - Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average - Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô Ô Ò - E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ò - Bottom Ô Ô --- Average Ô Ô Ô Ò - Surface Ô Ô - Ò - Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle ---Ò Ò Bottom ---Ò Ò Average ---Ò Ò Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 7 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Victoria Harbour WCZ, 1986 - 2009 (continued)

Monitoring Station VM7 VM8 VM12 VM14 VM15 1986 1986 1986 1986 1993 Monitoring Period IIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò - Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface ----- Salinity Middle ----- Bottom ----- Average ----- Surface --Ò Ò - Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle Ò - Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò - Ò Ò Ò Average Ò - Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò - Ò Ò - Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle Ò - Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò - Ò Ò Ò Average Ò - Ò Ò Ò Surface - Ô - Ô - pH Middle - Ô --- Bottom - Ô --- Average - Ô - Ô - Secchi disc depth (m) Ò Ò - Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô --Ô Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô --Ô Bottom Ô ---Ô Average Ô Ô --Ô Surface ----- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô --- Bottom ----- Average ----- Surface --Ô Ô - 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle --Ô Ô - Bottom ---Ô - Average --Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ò Ô Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ô Ô Ô Bottom --Ô - Ô Average Ô Ò Ô Ô Ô Surface Ò Ò Ò -- Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle ---Ò - Bottom ---Ò - Average - Ò - Ò - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface - Ò --Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò --Ô Bottom ---Ò Ô Average - Ò --Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô - Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô - Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô - Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô - Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface ---Ô Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle ----Ô Bottom ----Ô Average ---Ô Ô Surface ---Ò Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle ----Ò Bottom ----Ò Average ----Ò Surface Ò Ò - Ô - E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle Ò Ò --- Bottom Ò Ò Ò -- Average Ò Ò Ò -- Surface Ò Ò Ò -- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle Ò Ò Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò Ò -- Average Ò Ò Ò -- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 8 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Eastern Buffer WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station EM1 EM2 EM3 1986 1986 1988 Monitoring Period III 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Surface --- Salinity Middle --Ò Bottom Ò - Ò Average --- Surface --- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle --- Bottom --Ô Average --- Surface Ò -- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle Ò Ò - Bottom Ò -- Average Ò -- Surface --- pH Middle --Ô Bottom --Ô Average --Ô Secchi disc depth (m) --- Surface Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô -- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle Ô -- Bottom Ô -- Average Ô -- Surface --- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle --- Bottom --- Average --- Surface Ô -- 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle Ô -- Bottom Ô -- Average Ô -- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Surface - Ô Ô Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface --- Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle --- Bottom --- Average --- Surface Ô Ô Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface --Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle --- Bottom --- Average --- Surface --- Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle --- Bottom --- Average --- Surface Ô Ô Ô E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô - Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Average - Ô Ô Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 9 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Western Buffer WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station WM1 WM2 WM3 WM4 1988 1988 1986 1986 Monitoring Period IIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò -- Salinity Middle Ò --- Bottom ---- Average Ò --- Surface Ô Ô -- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle ---- Bottom ---- Average ---- Surface ---- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle ---- Bottom ---- Average ---- Surface ---- pH Middle - Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô - Ô Average - Ô -- Secchi disc depth (m) --Ò - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface --Ô - Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle ---- Bottom Ò --- Average ---- Surface ---- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle ---- Bottom Ò --- Average ---- Surface ---- 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ---- Bottom ---- Average ---- Surface - Ò -- Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò - Ò Bottom Ô Ò -- Average - Ò -- Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò -- Bottom Ô --- Average - Ò - Ò Surface --Ò Ò Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle --Ò Ò Bottom - Ò -- Average - Ò Ò Ò Surface - Ò Ò Ò Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò - Ò Bottom - Ò -- Average - Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô --- Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô - Ô - Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô - Bottom Ô - Ô - Average Ô - Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô - Ô - Silica (mg/L) Middle ---- Bottom ---- Average --Ô Ô Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò - Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface - Ò Ò Ò E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle - Ò Ò Ò Bottom - Ò Ò Ò Average - Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle - Ò Ò Ò Bottom - Ò Ò Ò Average - Ò Ò Ò Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 10 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Junk Bay WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station JM3 JM4 1986 1986 Monitoring Period II 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Surface -- Salinity Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface -- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle Ò - Bottom Ò - Average -- Surface -- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Average Ò - Surface -- pH Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Secchi disc depth (m) -- Surface Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò Ò Bottom Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Surface -- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface -- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface -- 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle -- Bottom Ô - Average Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface -- Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ô Bottom - Ô Average -- Surface -- Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface Ô - Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface -- Silica (mg/L) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface -- Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Surface Ô - E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle Ô Ô Bottom Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Surface -- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle -- Bottom -- Average -- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 11 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the Deep Bay WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station DM1 DM2 DM3 DM4 DM5 1986 1986 1986 1986 1991 Monitoring Period IIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average - Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ô Ô --Ò Salinity Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA -- Average Ô Ô --- Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô pH Middle NA NA NA NA Ô Bottom NA NA NA Ô Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Secchi disc depth (m) - Ô Ô -- Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò - Average - Ò Ò Ò - Surface ----- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA -- Average ----Ô Surface - Ò --- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA -- Average - Ò --- Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface --Ò Ò Ò Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average --Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA -- Average Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò - Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA Ò - Average Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface ---Ò Ò Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA Ò - Average ---Ò Ò Surface Ô ---Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ô Bottom NA NA NA - Ô Average Ô ---Ô Surface ----Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA - Bottom NA NA NA -- Average ----- Surface Ò Ò - Ò Ò Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA - Ò Average Ò Ò --Ò Surface - Ò - Ò - E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò - Average - Ò - Ò - Surface - Ò Ò Ò Ò Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle NA NA NA NA Ò Bottom NA NA NA Ò Ò Average - Ò Ò Ò Ò Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. NA (Not Applicable) indicates the measurement was not made due to shallow water Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 12 Appendix D

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in the North Western WCZ, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station NM1 NM2 NM3 NM5 NM6 NM8 1988 1986 1986 1988 1991 1999 Monitoring Period IIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface ------Temperature (°C) Middle --Ò Ò -- Bottom ------Average ---Ò -- Surface ----Ò - Salinity Middle Ò ----- Bottom Ò Ò ---- Average - Ò ---- Surface ---Ô -- Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ---Ô -- Surface --Ô Ô -- Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface Ô Ô - Ô -- pH Middle Ô - Ô Ô -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Average Ô Ô Ô Ô -- Secchi disc depth (m) - Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Turbidity (NTU) Middle Ò - Ò Ò Ò - Bottom ----Ò - Average - Ò --Ò - Surface ------Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface -----Ò Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle - Ò ---- Bottom ------Average ------Surface ------5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle ------Bottom ------Average ------Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò -- Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ò Ò Ò Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò Ò Ò -- Average Ò Ò Ò Ò -- Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ò Ò Ò - Bottom - Ò Ò Ò Ò - Average - Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface --Ò Ò -- Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ò --- Bottom --Ò --- Average --Ò --- Surface Ò Ò Ò Ò -- Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle - Ò Ò Ò -- Bottom --Ò Ò -- Average - Ò Ò Ò -- Surface - Ô Ô --- Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô - Ô --- Bottom Ô Ô Ô --- Average - Ô Ô --- Surface ------Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle Ô ----- Bottom Ô Ô ---- Average ------Surface ----Ô - Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle ----Ô - Bottom ----Ô - Average ----Ô - Surface Ô Ô Ô - Ô - Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle Ô --Ô Ô - Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô - Surface - Ô ---- Silica (mg/L) Middle Ô ----- Bottom Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Average Ô Ô --Ô - Surface --Ò Ò Ò - Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle --Ò Ò Ò - Bottom --Ò Ò Ò - Average --Ò Ò Ò - Surface Ò --Ò -- E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle Ò --Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò - Ò -- Average Ò Ò - Ò -- Surface Ò Ò - Ò -- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle Ò --Ò -- Bottom Ò Ò - Ò -- Average Ò Ò - Ò -- Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. Ò significant increase Note: 4. Ô significant decrease

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 D - 13 Appendix E

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the Tolo Harbour and Channel and Southern WCZs, 2005 - 2009 Tolo Harbour and Channel Hong Kong Island West Lamma Buffer Channel Channel Harbour Subzone Subzone Subzone (South) Parameter TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 72 80 69 88 73 83 78 79 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (58 - 88) (65 - 90) (53 - 80) (80 - 93) (59 - 93) (62 - 97) (66 - 92) (62 - 91) -317 -315 -319 -342 -165 -180 -181 -173 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-361) - (-249)) ((-352) - (-281)) ((-359) - (-258)) ((-380) - (-307)) ((-263) - (-91)) ((-279) - (-107)) ((-265) - (-116)) ((-246) - (-95)) 36 33 36 31 58 49 50 48 Total Solids (%w/w) (32 - 38) (25 - 43) (28 - 42) (28 - 35) (47 - 63) (44 - 60) (41 - 54) (42 - 55) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 9.3 9.5 9.4 10.2 6 7.5 7 7.4 (7.8 - 11.0) (7.2 - 12.0) (7.4 - 12.0) (8.4 - 12.0) (4.9 - 9.6) (5.4 - 14.0) (5.8 - 8.7) (4.9 - 16.0) 23000 22000 21000 20000 10000 13000 16000 16000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (18000 - 27000) (19000 - 25000) (16000 - 23000) (16000 - 24000) (9100 - 12000) (10000 - 14000) (14000 - 18000) (14000 - 23000) 0.8 0.7 1 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.7 - 1.0) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.8 - 1.3) (0.7 - 0.9) (0.7 - 1.0) (0.6 - 0.9) (0.6 - 1.0) (0.5 - 1.3) 6.91 3.37 8.82 11.42 6.05 4.75 5.22 3.05 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (0.05 - 13.00) (<0.05 - 7.20) (3.20 - 15.00) (7.60 - 21.00) (2.30 - 15.00) (2.60 - 6.80) (1.80 - 11.00) (0.97 - 6.50) 580 530 650 770 360 440 400 430 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (420 - 700) (350 - 630) (400 - 810) (590 - 870) (210 - 440) (290 - 510) (330 - 470) (260 - 710) 170 160 170 210 210 210 210 210 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (140 - 200) (140 - 180) (130 - 200) (160 - 230) (110 - 250) (160 - 230) (180 - 230) (150 - 290) 989811011012281617 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (7.5 - 250.0) (9.8 - 240.0) (11.0 - 310.0) (21.0 - 430.0) (4.7 - 22.0) (1.2 - 86.0) (3.3 - 49.0) (1.9 - 53.0) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) 8.4 9.3 7.4 6 6.7 8.3 7.1 7.4 Arsenic (mg/kg) (5.9 - 10.0) (7.4 - 11.0) (5.7 - 9.2) (5.3 - 6.8) (6.2 - 7.9) (7.8 - 9.1) (5.8 - 7.9) (6.1 - 8.9) 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Cadmium (mg/kg) (0.2 - 0.8) (0.5 - 0.7) (0.3 - 0.6) (0.2 - 0.3) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) 25 24 24 33 24 33 32 35 Chromium (mg/kg) (19 - 29) (20 - 27) (19 - 33) (30 - 36) (20 - 28) (27 - 38) (28 - 37) (29 - 47) 36 40 24 21 10 21 18 27 Copper (mg/kg) (15 - 50) (26 - 59) (19 - 36) (17 - 25) (7 - 13) (17 - 23) (15 - 21) (18 - 38) 80 92 65 50 26 35 34 38 Lead (mg/kg) (66 - 96) (77 - 100) (52 - 80) (44 - 57) (22 - 31) (30 - 41) (28 - 38) (31 - 44) 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.1 0.12 Mercury (mg/kg) (<0.05 - 0.12) (<0.05 - 0.11) (<0.05 - 0.10) (<0.05 - 0.09) (<0.05 - 0.06) (0.07 - 0.13) (0.07 - 0.15) (0.08 - 0.20) 16 15 16 25 17 23 22 22 Nickel (mg/kg) (12 - 22) (12 - 20) (11 - 24) (19 - 31) (14 - 21) (19 - 26) (19 - 25) (19 - 26) 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 <0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 Silver (mg/kg) (0.2 - 0.6) (0.4 - 0.7) (0.2 - 0.3) (<0.2 - 0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (0.2 - 0.3) (<0.2 - 0.2) (<0.2 - 0.4) 230 270 160 130 70 100 91 110 Zinc (mg/kg) (130 - 320) (220 - 380) (130 - 200) (120 - 150) (55 - 81) (77 - 110) (74 - 100) (78 - 140) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 90 90 90 90 90 91 93 93 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 95) (90 - 95) (90 - 110) (90 - 110) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 44 47 45 52 39 86 59 88 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (24 - 58) (26 - 85) (27 - 87) (28 - 72) (26 - 55) (34 - 210) (25 - 120) (40 - 160) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

5 High molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 10 congeners of molecular weight above 200, namely : Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, Benzo(g,h,i)perylene and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.

6 Low and high molecular weight PAHs results are derived from the summation of the corresponding congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation. MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 E - 1 Appendix E

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the Southern, Junk Bay and Deep Bay WCZs, 2005 - 2009 Lantau Island Junk Bay Inner Deep Bay Outer Deep Bay

(East) (South) Parameter SS5 SS6 JS2 DS1 DS2 DS3 DS4 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 93 65 85 68 66 76 62 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (85 - 99) (51 - 87) (68 - 96) (18 - 94) (17 - 90) (44 - 95) (39 - 88) -207 -151 -198 -243 -181 -201 -193 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-258) - (-110)) ((-270) - (-62)) ((-310) - (-115)) ((-311) - (-143)) ((-267) - (-34)) ((-350) - (-88)) ((-334) - (-136)) 39 63 45 50 48 49 57 Total Solids (%w/w) (37 - 41) (55 - 66) (40 - 51) (37 - 59) (41 - 53) (42 - 67) (47 - 67) 7.7 4.0 6.9 6.2 6.3 6.6 5.8 Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) (6.8 - 9.9) (3.2 - 4.6) (5.6 - 9.5) (4.3 - 8.8) (5.0 - 8.5) (3.2 - 9.8) (4.0 - 8.1) 15000 9200 17000 22000 19000 15000 14000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (13000 - 17000) (7800 - 11000) (13000 - 19000) (17000 - 29000) (15000 - 22000) (9900 - 18000) (10000 - 18000) 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.4 - 0.6) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.4 - 1.2) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.4 - 0.7) (0.4 - 0.9) 8.1 5.2 3.7 120.4 14.6 2.3 6.1 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (1.20 - 15.00) (1.20 - 10.00) (0.22 - 8.60) (14.00 - 600.00) (<0.05 - 53.00) (<0.05 - 7.90) (<0.05 - 15.00) 480 290 450 550 450 290 250 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (300 - 570) (190 - 360) (320 - 520) (230 - 1700) (260 - 700) (160 - 450) (100 - 410) 180 190 190 280 300 190 160 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (130 - 220) (130 - 220) (150 - 210) (110 - 530) (120 - 490) (100 - 280) (70 - 240) 45 4 48 330 140 30 7 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (2.2 - 150.0) (0.5 - 13.0) (1.6 - 200.0) (0.5 - 960.0) (1.2 - 570.0) (0.2 - 120.0) (1.1 - 22.0) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.5) (<0.1 - 0.4) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) 7.6 5.3 7.4 9.7 11.9 11.6 12.2 Arsenic (mg/kg) (6.6 - 8.6) (4.4 - 5.9) (6.7 - 8.5) (7.1 - 13.0) (9.5 - 14.0) (5.5 - 15.0) (8.8 - 15.0) <0.1 <0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Cadmium (mg/kg) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (0.1 - 0.2) (0.1 - 0.7) (0.1 - 0.6) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) 42 21 46 44 44 39 34 Chromium (mg/kg) (40 - 45) (17 - 23) (39 - 52) (33 - 66) (22 - 79) (22 - 53) (16 - 49) 38 10 96 78 64 68 28 Copper (mg/kg) (33 - 42) (8 - 13) (73 - 120) (21 - 210) (26 - 100) (12 - 230) (9 - 65) 51 23 50 57 52 45 40 Lead (mg/kg) (42 - 56) (20 - 28) (41 - 54) (45 - 84) (30 - 84) (32 - 61) (27 - 58) 0.16 0.07 0.26 0.18 0.15 0.11 0.08 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.14 - 0.20) (<0.05 - 0.18) (0.17 - 0.41) (<0.05 - 0.40) (0.06 - 0.26) (<0.05 - 0.16) (<0.05 - 0.14) 27 13 24 38 27 25 21 Nickel (mg/kg) (24 - 32) (11 - 17) (19 - 31) (22 - 140) (14 - 37) (12 - 35) (15 - 31) 0.5 <0.2 2.0 1 0.7 0.4 0.3 Silver (mg/kg) (0.5 - 0.6) (<0.2 - <0.2) (1.6 - 3.0) (0.3 - 2.9) (0.2 - 1.6) (<0.2 - 0.7) (<0.2 - 0.5) 140 59 150 240 200 130 97 Zinc (mg/kg) (120 - 160) (44 - 73) (110 - 160) (110 - 560) (91 - 420) (65 - 200) (63 - 140) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 20) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 90 90 97 150 94 92 91 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (6) (90 - 94) (90 - 90) (90 - 110) (90 - 470) (90 - 110) (90 - 98) (90 - 95) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 74 23 250 240 140 98 44 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (59 - 100) (20 - 29) (90 - 420) (26 - 880) (75 - 330) (29 - 280) (16 - 82) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the Port Shelter and Mirs Bay WCZs, 2005 - 2009 Inner Port Outer Starling Crooked Island Port Island Mirs Bay Shelter Port Shelter Inlet (North) Parameter PS3 PS5 PS6 MS1 MS2 MS7 MS17 MS3 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 87 58 79 86 84 92 89 88 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (58 - 96) (34 - 92) (66 - 91) (64 - 95) (21 - 99) (83 - 99) (77 - 98) (82 - 96) -240 -148 -175 -278 -332 -342 -243 -237 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-308) - (-180)) ((-240) - (-94)) ((-252) - (-73)) ((-372) - (-215)) ((-368) - (-298)) ((-368) - (-306)) ((-295) - (-184)) ((-327) - (-117)) 36 53 49 40 32 30 35 42 Total Solids (%w/w) (33 - 41) (38 - 63) (46 - 53) (36 - 44) (31 - 35) (27 - 33) (33 - 41) (31 - 54) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 11.6 7.8 8.4 7.5 9.2 10.3 9.2 8.4 (8.5 - 14.0) (4.7 - 10.0) (7.2 - 11.0) (6.4 - 11.0) (7.5 - 15.0) (8.9 - 15.0) (7.6 - 15.0) (5.1 - 12.0) 18000 12000 13000 18000 17000 18000 17000 16000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (14000 - 20000) (9900 - 14000) (11000 - 15000) (14000 - 23000) (13000 - 20000) (16000 - 20000) (15000 - 20000) (11000 - 19000) 1.2 1.8 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 Total Carbon (%w/w) (1.0 - 1.4) (0.9 - 3.0) (1.1 - 1.4) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.5 - 0.7) (0.6 - 0.9) (0.7 - 1.0) (0.5 - 1.1) 6.36 5.14 6.5 8.82 13.54 9.0 5.47 4.96 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (0.10 - 14.00) (1.30 - 11.00) (2.40 - 9.10) (2.60 - 18.00) (7.10 - 20.00) (4.80 - 14.00) (0.75 - 10.00) (<0.05 - 10.00) 550 370 420 450 600 630 660 440 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (280 - 680) (210 - 570) (210 - 580) (290 - 600) (520 - 670) (340 - 730) (590 - 770) (290 - 660) 170 150 170 160 180 190 210 160 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (87 - 210) (83 - 200) (89 - 230) (95 - 250) (170 - 180) (140 - 210) (180 - 250) (110 - 220) 446.6127470243611 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (4.1 - 270.0) (0.7 - 15.0) (0.5 - 36.0) (11.0 - 170.0) (8.0 - 190.0) (1.8 - 82.0) (1.1 - 180.0) (1.9 - 25.0) 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) 5.8 3.8 5.9 8.4 6.8 6.4 6.2 6.2 Arsenic (mg/kg) (4.8 - 6.5) (0.2 - 5.2) (5.2 - 6.6) (6.9 - 9.3) (5.7 - 7.9) (5.8 - 7.6) (4.4 - 7.3) (5.0 - 7.1) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 <0.1 Cadmium (mg/kg) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (0.2 - 0.5) (0.1 - 0.3) (0.1 - 0.4) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) 27 22 26 30 36 34 33 29 Chromium (mg/kg) (20 - 34) (13 - 31) (22 - 30) (26 - 35) (33 - 39) (31 - 39) (25 - 38) (19 - 33) 22 10 12 34 21 20 16 12 Copper (mg/kg) (18 - 29) (6 - 16) (10 - 14) (23 - 42) (14 - 23) (16 - 22) (12 - 19) (10 - 15) 36 26 31 49 46 43 44 35 Lead (mg/kg) (30 - 40) (15 - 38) (26 - 35) (41 - 56) (39 - 51) (38 - 51) (28 - 50) (24 - 39) 0.09 0.05 <0.05 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.06 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.07 - 0.11) (<0.05 - 0.05) (<0.05 - <0.05) (0.06 - 0.10) (<0.05 - 0.06) (0.06 - 0.09) (<0.05 - 0.07) (<0.05 - 0.13) 19 16 20 19 24 24 25 21 Nickel (mg/kg) (15 - 23) (9 - 24) (16 - 24) (16 - 24) (21 - 27) (22 - 27) (18 - 30) (13 - 25) 0.2 <0.2 <0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 <0.2 Silver (mg/kg) (<0.2 - 0.3) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (0.6 - 1.4) (<0.2 - 0.5) (<0.2 - 0.3) (<0.2 - 0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) 100 67 77 110 110 100 100 80 Zinc (mg/kg) (73 - 130) (29 - 93) (53 - 90) (92 - 140) (92 - 120) (82 - 120) (77 - 120) (51 - 96) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 90 90 90 91 90 90 90 91 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 100) (90 - 90) (90 - 94) (90 - 90) (90 - 97) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 53 26 27 52 35 49 38 31 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (24 - 77) (17 - 34) (20 - 40) (28 - 190) (24 - 51) (28 - 71) (29 - 54) (20 - 67) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the Mirs Bay WCZ, 2005 - 2009

Mirs Bay Long Waglan Mirs Bay Mirs Bay (Central) Harbour Island (North) (South) Parameter MS4 MS5 MS6 MS8 MS13 MS14 MS15 MS16 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 91 87 92 94 92 92 90 85 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (76 - 97) (79 - 95) (81 - 98) (90 - 97) (82 - 99) (84 - 96) (82 - 97) (76 - 96) -194 -194 -242 -176 -172 -172 -154 -162 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-274) - (-82)) ((-255) - (-95)) ((-308) - (-91)) ((-249) - (-139)) ((-208) - (-104)) ((-250) - (-122)) ((-260) - (-108)) ((-267) - (-98)) 38 42 34 46 50 50 51 56 Total Solids (%w/w) (33 - 41) (36 - 47) (33 - 39) (44 - 49) (42 - 54) (46 - 56) (43 - 57) (49 - 60) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 8.5 7.9 10.7 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.9 (6.3 - 13.0) (6.6 - 12.0) (9.0 - 16.0) (5.6 - 8.9) (5.5 - 8.4) (4.9 - 8.7) (5.5 - 8.8) (5.2 - 8.0) 16000 14000 18000 12000 11000 11000 11000 12000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (12000 - 18000) (10000 - 17000) (15000 - 21000) (9800 - 18000) (8100 - 18000) (8700 - 18000) (8100 - 21000) (7900 - 27000) 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.7 - 1.0) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.6 - 0.7) 5.38 7.85 7.75 1.85 1.95 2.11 2.66 2.5 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (0.85 - 14.00) (0.15 - 23.00) (4.70 - 11.00) (0.35 - 3.70) (0.70 - 4.90) (0.56 - 4.00) (0.19 - 4.30) (0.86 - 4.60) 550 550 700 430 370 400 430 400 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (430 - 670) (390 - 650) (580 - 800) (270 - 480) (200 - 530) (200 - 510) (310 - 500) (300 - 540) 190 200 220 210 200 210 230 220 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (160 - 210) (160 - 230) (180 - 240) (150 - 240) (98 - 260) (130 - 250) (180 - 250) (170 - 260) 16 13 28 7.6 42 4.9 7.9 4.9 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (1.3 - 67.0) (0.6 - 34.0) (1.7 - 98.0) (0.6 - 25.0) (0.4 - 390.0) (0.6 - 18.0) (0.8 - 20.0) (0.6 - 12.0) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.1) 6.3 6.3 5.9 6.5 7.6 7.1 6.1 6.3 Arsenic (mg/kg) (5.5 - 7.0) (5.4 - 7.0) (5.4 - 6.9) (5.4 - 7.7) (5.7 - 15.0) (5.7 - 8.3) (5.2 - 6.8) (4.9 - 7.0) <0.1<0.10.1<0.1<0.1<0.1<0.1<0.1 Cadmium (mg/kg) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) 36 30 33 31 34 31 28 27 Chromium (mg/kg) (31 - 39) (25 - 35) (30 - 39) (25 - 37) (27 - 60) (28 - 34) (24 - 32) (21 - 33) 16 13 18 12 13 11 10 10 Copper (mg/kg) (14 - 17) (10 - 15) (16 - 19) (8 - 16) (10 - 22) (9 - 13) (8 - 12) (7 - 12) 40 40 44 33 34 33 30 31 Lead (mg/kg) (34 - 45) (31 - 47) (39 - 49) (29 - 42) (27 - 53) (30 - 36) (23 - 33) (27 - 35) 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 <0.05 Mercury (mg/kg) (<0.05 - 0.07) (<0.05 - 0.06) (<0.05 - 0.11) (<0.05 - 0.06) (<0.05 - 0.08) (<0.05 - 0.05) (<0.05 - 0.05) (<0.05 - <0.05) 26 23 24 24 26 24 22 21 Nickel (mg/kg) (22 - 32) (18 - 27) (21 - 27) (18 - 29) (20 - 45) (19 - 27) (17 - 28) (19 - 24) <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 Silver (mg/kg) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) (<0.2 - <0.2) 97 89 110 85 91 84 76 75 Zinc (mg/kg) (77 - 110) (64 - 100) (89 - 150) (64 - 100) (76 - 160) (74 - 92) (64 - 95) (65 - 84) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 91 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 95) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 97) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 37 33 54 32 32 22 26 30 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (29 - 57) (19 - 63) (41 - 74) (17 - 67) (19 - 59) (18 - 32) (19 - 51) (17 - 91) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the North Western and Western Buffer WCZs, 2005 - 2009 Pearl Pillar Urmston Chek Lap Tsing Yi Hong Kong Island Point Road Kok Island (North) (South) (West) Parameter NS2NS3NS4NS6WS1WS2 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 59 71 44 45 67 84 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (35 - 88) (34 - 96) (14 - 66) (17 - 64) (39 - 91) (68 - 93) -191 -204 -232 -190 -204 -173 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-338) - (-129)) ((-340) - (-86)) ((-403) - (-161)) ((-320) - (-58)) ((-289) - (-114)) ((-233) - (-92)) 55 54 61 64 50 46 Total Solids (%w/w) (45 - 64) (44 - 70) (49 - 68) (51 - 76) (43 - 63) (43 - 49) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 6.1 6.1 5.1 4.3 6.4 6.6 (5.4 - 7.5) (3.1 - 7.5) (4.4 - 5.9) (2.2 - 7.0) (4.6 - 7.7) (5.1 - 8.4) 14000 15000 15000 12000 18000 15000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (11000 - 15000) (9700 - 23000) (11000 - 19000) (7500 - 15000) (13000 - 20000) (13000 - 21000) 0.90.70.70.50.80.6 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.6 - 1.2) (0.5 - 1.0) (0.6 - 0.9) (0.3 - 0.8) (0.7 - 1.1) (0.5 - 0.7) 2.87 5.85 12.71 2.63 7.7 4.9 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (0.16 - 9.30) (<0.05 - 21.00) (1.00 - 28.00) (<0.05 - 10.00) (4.80 - 18.00) (<0.05 - 30.00) 320 340 290 250 410 400 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (120 - 520) (170 - 430) (110 - 390) (130 - 400) (290 - 480) (260 - 540) 180 200 170 140 190 180 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (84 - 290) (130 - 250) (77 - 230) (110 - 230) (130 - 260) (140 - 200) 11 29 27 9.1 77 29 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (0.7 - 38.0) (1.9 - 110.0) (6.7 - 62.0) (0.7 - 47.0) (9.1 - 200.0) (3.3 - 130.0) 0.10.20.10.10.10.1 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) 8.1 11.4 10 9.7 7.7 9 Arsenic (mg/kg) (6.8 - 9.6) (8.3 - 14.0) (8.8 - 12.0) (7.1 - 14.0) (3.8 - 9.4) (6.9 - 12.0) <0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 Cadmium (mg/kg) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - <0.1) 29 32 28 26 34 35 Chromium (mg/kg) (24 - 34) (20 - 42) (22 - 34) (16 - 37) (17 - 41) (32 - 40) 32 30 26 16 50 25 Copper (mg/kg) (26 - 37) (18 - 48) (12 - 40) (9 - 27) (13 - 68) (17 - 29) 35 38 35 28 40 37 Lead (mg/kg) (31 - 40) (27 - 47) (31 - 40) (16 - 36) (24 - 53) (30 - 43) 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.13 0.09 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.08 - 0.13) (0.06 - 0.16) (0.06 - 0.23) (<0.05 - 0.09) (0.06 - 0.17) (0.05 - 0.14) 18 20 17 17 20 23 Nickel (mg/kg) (15 - 22) (11 - 26) (13 - 21) (8 - 24) (9 - 24) (19 - 26) 0.4 0.3 0.3 <0.2 1.1 0.4 Silver (mg/kg) (0.3 - 0.5) (<0.2 - 0.5) (<0.2 - 0.3) (<0.2 - <0.2) (0.2 - 1.7) (0.2 - 0.5) 97 96 100 71 110 100 Zinc (mg/kg) (88 - 110) (62 - 120) (93 - 110) (32 - 100) (53 - 130) (77 - 110) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 18 18 18 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 91 92 93 90 95 91 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (90 - 95) (90 - 95) (90 - 99) (90 - 94) (90 - 100) (90 - 94) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 63 62 65 27 190 54 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (26 - 120) (24 - 93) (24 - 120) (17 - 49) (77 - 420) (38 - 70) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

Summary statistics for bottom sediment quality in the Eastern Buffer and Victoria Harbour WCZs, 2005 - 2009 Eastern Buffer Victoria Harbour Rambler Channel

Chai Wan Tathong Channel (East) (Central) (West) Parameter ES1 ES2 ES4 VS3 VS5 VS6 VS9 VS10 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 39 79 53 70 83 53 74 73 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (21 - 62) (55 - 98) (24 - 91) (20 - 89) (51 - 95) (25 - 77) (53 - 88) (18 - 94) -179 -171 -185 -281 -351 -302 -187 -231 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-272) - (-65)) ((-286) - (-120)) ((-271) - (-134)) ((-365) - (-183)) ((-406) - (-244)) ((-381) - (-169)) ((-277) - (-80)) ((-327) - (-121)) 67 54 60 43 40 53 51 45 Total Solids (%w/w) (62 - 71) (38 - 66) (45 - 70) (35 - 63) (37 - 50) (37 - 64) (47 - 54) (37 - 66) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 4.4 5.8 5.1 6.8 8.2 7.6 6 6.9 (3.7 - 5.3) (3.5 - 7.9) (3.7 - 7.3) (4.1 - 9.6) (6.3 - 10.0) (5.1 - 12.0) (5.3 - 6.9) (4.1 - 8.6) 10000 12000 13000 22000 26000 23000 15000 19000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (8700 - 12000) (6700 - 15000) (11000 - 18000) (16000 - 26000) (20000 - 30000) (16000 - 32000) (11000 - 17000) (15000 - 24000) 1.3 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.9 - 1.6) (0.6 - 0.9) (0.7 - 1.3) (0.6 - 0.8) (0.7 - 1.4) (0.7 - 1.5) (0.6 - 1.3) (0.5 - 1.5) 4.93 10.13 4.38 9.79 22.88 10.03 5.18 4.47 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (2.20 - 9.30) (0.45 - 67.00) (0.30 - 8.50) (<0.05 - 20.00) (7.20 - 41.00) (2.50 - 28.00) (<0.05 - 15.00) (<0.05 - 16.00) 270 390 360 560 620 400 290 420 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (190 - 350) (210 - 590) (200 - 530) (350 - 1200) (430 - 940) (170 - 560) (130 - 410) (300 - 550) 140 180 150 210 200 210 140 180 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (96 - 200) (140 - 220) (88 - 230) (130 - 430) (160 - 240) (110 - 260) (65 - 190) (140 - 220) 15 29 22 130 220 140 10 140 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (1.0 - 43.0) (0.6 - 180.0) (0.9 - 88.0) (2.1 - 440.0) (7.5 - 650.0) (11.0 - 320.0) (0.6 - 48.0) (0.7 - 750.0) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.6) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.4) 4.3 6.3 4.5 7.6 7.9 9.1 4.9 8 Arsenic (mg/kg) (3.6 - 5.2) (4.4 - 8.9) (3.4 - 6.3) (5.3 - 9.0) (6.5 - 10.0) (5.5 - 16.0) (3.0 - 7.1) (4.6 - 10.0) <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.5 Cadmium (mg/kg) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - <0.1) (<0.1 - 0.1) (0.2 - 0.6) (0.4 - 0.8) (0.2 - 0.6) (<0.1 - 0.2) (0.1 - 1.0) 19 28 27 46 57 35 34 70 Chromium (mg/kg) (13 - 23) (18 - 41) (21 - 38) (18 - 59) (42 - 68) (17 - 49) (27 - 43) (27 - 91) 25 22 49 130 170 94 54 170 Copper (mg/kg) (18 - 30) (9 - 38) (32 - 75) (57 - 190) (120 - 220) (55 - 120) (8 - 230) (65 - 240) 26 31 31 57 66 84 28 57 Lead (mg/kg) (18 - 48) (19 - 50) (23 - 41) (43 - 66) (55 - 79) (50 - 140) (21 - 40) (38 - 83) 0.09 0.08 0.15 0.47 0.48 0.59 0.1 0.22 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.06 - 0.12) (<0.05 - 0.12) (0.10 - 0.36) (0.30 - 0.99) (0.35 - 0.63) (0.26 - 1.20) (<0.05 - 0.20) (0.13 - 0.30) 12 19 15 21 25 17 22 31 Nickel (mg/kg) (9 - 15) (12 - 27) (11 - 21) (10 - 27) (19 - 29) (10 - 25) (19 - 28) (12 - 38) 0.5 0.3 1.1 4.4 6.5 2.7 0.7 3.9 Silver (mg/kg) (0.4 - 0.7) (<0.2 - 0.6) (0.9 - 2.0) (1.7 - 6.0) (3.6 - 9.0) (1.1 - 4.0) (<0.2 - 1.4) (1.3 - 5.1) 61 79 85 190 260 200 90 180 Zinc (mg/kg) (42 - 72) (45 - 120) (72 - 110) (93 - 250) (190 - 300) (140 - 250) (66 - 130) (90 - 260) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 19 20 27 18 19 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 22) (18 - 23) (18 - 49) (18 - 18) (18 - 20) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 91 93 100 110 120 220 91 96 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (90 - 93) (90 - 110) (90 - 170) (90 - 140) (100 - 210) (110 - 410) (90 - 100) (90 - 140) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 81 67 320 480 620 2100 60 260 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (45 - 150) (24 - 190) (62 - 1700) (90 - 930) (350 - 1000) (360 - 6200) (18 - 200) (52 - 1400) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation.

4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene.

Appendix F

Particle Size Fractionation <63 µm in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 – 2009

Shenzhen N Particle Size Fractionation <63m MS3 (%w/w) MS4 MS1 MS2 >80 MS7 MS5 40 - 80

MS17 DS1 <40

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 PS5 Kowloon VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14 ES4 Hong Kong Island LantauLantau Island Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

Cadmium in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen Cadmium N (mg/kg dry weight)

MS3 > 4.0 MS4 MS1 MS2 1.6 – 4.0 MS7 MS5 0 - 1.5 MS17 DS1

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 Kowloon PS5 VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14 ES4 Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 F-1

Appendix F

Copper in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Copper MS3 (mg/kg dry weight) MS4 MS1 MS2 >110 MS7 MS5 66 - 110

MS17 DS1 0 - 65

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 PS5 Kowloon VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14

ES4 Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

Mercury in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Mercury MS3 (mg/kg dry weight) MS4 MS2 MS1 >1.0 MS7 MS5 0.6 - 1.0 MS17 DS1 0 - 0.5

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 PS5 Kowloon VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14

ES4 Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 F-2

Appendix F

Silver in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Silver MS3 (mg/kg dry weight) MS4 MS1 MS2 >2 MS7 MS5 1.1 - 2

MS17 DS1 0 - 1

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 Kowloon PS5 VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14

ES4

Lantau Island Hong Kong Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

Total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Total PCBs MS3 (g/kg dry weight) MS4 MS1 MS2 >180 MS7 MS5 24 - 180 MS17 DS1 0 - 23

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 Kowloon PS5 VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14 ES4 Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 F-3

Appendix F

Low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Low molecular weight PAHs MS3 (g/kg dry weight) MS4 MS1 MS2 >3160 MS7 MS5 551 - 3160

MS17 DS1 0 - 550

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 PS5 Kowloon VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14 ES4 Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N High molecular weight PAHs MS3 (g/kg dry weight) MS4 MS1 MS2 >9600 MS7 MS5 1701 - 9600 MS17 DS1 0 - 1700

DS2 TS5 DS3 MS6 TS3 TS4 MS16 New Territories DS4 TS2

NS4 PS3 VS10 MS15

NS3 NS2 PS5 Kowloon VS9 NS6 WS1 PS6 VS6 VS3 JS2 VS5 MS14 ES4 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Lantau Island ES1 SS5 WS2 ES2 SS2 SS4 SS6 SS1 MS13 MS8 SS3 0 5 10km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 F-4 Appendix G

Water quality of typhoon shelters in Hong Kong in 2009

4 Depth-averaged

2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Oxygen Dissolved

0 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

2 (mg/L) Depth-averaged 1

5-day Biochemical5-day Oxygen Demand 0 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

20 Depth-averaged 10 Suspended Solids (mg/L) Suspended Solids

0 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

) ) l t i i n u u y n g n y ) n n g n t e e a h n a a n u a a t s a n e a e s ) n a n e T B a h h e d u B v g u W o W T u W M n r W n a s a C C o m y T h i K W a a i u ( a a T e H n n n S n y M c a i K i g g ( h n i e r w K i a e n k w a r h e T n n C e u a u c u K u S u i n e e K d b S e v a C r a s w l h T L e e o e u e o o h m n i e Y u K A i i S d l S ( h D T m ( H e r G a Y Max d b a C r e H C S e b m Mean b a A A R Min

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 1 Appendix G

Water quality of typhoon shelters in Hong Kong in 2009 (continued)

105

104

103 (cfu/100mL) 102 Depth-averaged

E. coli 101

1 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

0.8

0.6

0.4 Depth-averaged 0.2 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) Nitrogen Ammonia

0 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

2.5

1.5

1 Depth-averaged 0.5 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) Nitrogen Inorganic Total 0 NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1

) ) l t i i n u u y n g n y ) n n g n t e e a h n a a n u a a t s a n e a e s ) n a n e T B a h h e d u B v g u W o W T u W M n r W n a s a C C o m y T h i K W a a i u ( a a T e H n n n S n y M c a i K i g g ( h n i e r w K i a e n k w a r h e T n n C e u u a u u c e K u S i n e K d C b S e r v a T L a s w l h e e o e m u e o o h n S i e Y u K A i i d l S ( h D T m ( H Max e r G a Y d b a C r H e C S e b m Mean b a A A R Min

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 2 Appendix G

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in typhoon shelters, 1986 - 2009

Monitoring Station NT1 ST1 ST3 WT3 WT1 VT8 VT10 VT2 VT11 1986 1986 2000 1986 1986 1986 1993 1986 1994 Monitoring Period IIIIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface - Ò --Ò Ò - Ò - Temperature (°C) Middle NA ----Ò Ò NA - Bottom NA Ò ---Ò --- Average Ò Ò ---Ò - Ò - Surface ------Salinity Middle NA ---Ò --NA - Bottom NA --Ò ----- Average ---Ò ----- Surface Ò ----Ò - Ò Ò Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ò Ò NA Ò Bottom NA ---Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò ----Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface Ò ---Ò Ò - Ò Ò Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle NA ---Ò Ò Ò NA Ò Bottom NA Ò --Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Average Ò ---Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Surface ---Ô ----- pH Middle NA --Ô ---NA - Bottom NA --Ô Ô ---- Average ---Ô ----- Secchi disc depth (m) Ò --Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface -----Ò - Ò Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle NA ----Ò - NA Ò Bottom NA ----Ò - Ò Ò Average -----Ò - Ò Ò Surface Ô -----Ô -- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle NA -----Ô NA Ô Bottom NA -----Ô -- Average Ô -----Ô -- Surface --Ò Ô ----- Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle NA - Ò - Ô --NA - Bottom NA - Ò ------Average --Ò Ô ----- Surface ----Ô Ô - Ô - 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle NA ---Ô Ô - NA - Bottom NA ----Ô - Ô - Average ----Ô Ô - Ô - Surface Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô Ô NA Ô Bottom NA ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ò ------Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ò - NA - Bottom NA ----Ò --- Average Ò ------Surface Ò ----Ò - Ò Ò Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ò Ò NA - Bottom NA ----Ò Ò Ò - Average Ò ----Ò - Ò Ò Surface ------Ô Ô Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA -----Ô NA Ô Bottom NA -----Ô Ô Ô Average ------Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô Ô NA Ô Bottom NA ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô Ô NA Ô Bottom NA ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA ----Ô Ô NA Ô Bottom NA ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô - Ô --Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA ---Ô Ô Ô NA Ô Bottom NA ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Average Ô ----Ô Ô Ô Ô Surface Ô -----Ô Ô Ô Silica (mg/L) Middle NA -----Ô NA Ô Bottom NA -----Ô - Ô Average Ô -----Ô Ô Ô Surface Ò ----Ò Ò Ò - Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle NA ----Ò Ò NA - Bottom NA --Ò - Ò Ò -- Average Ò - Ò --Ò Ò -- Surface Ô ---Ô - Ô Ô Ô E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle NA ---Ô - Ô NA Ô Bottom NA -----Ô Ô Ô Average Ô ---Ô - Ô Ô Ô Surface ------Ô - Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle NA ------NA - Bottom NA ------Ô - Average ------Ô - Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. NA (Not Applicable) indicates the measurement was not made due to shallow wate Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 3 Appendix G

Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test for water quality trends in typhoon shelters, 1986 - 2009 (continued)

Monitoring Station VT12 VT4 VT3 ET2 ET1 PT4 PT2 PT3 TT1 2000 1987 1986 1993 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 Monitoring Period IIIIIIIII 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Parameter Water Depth Surface Ò - Ò - Ò Ò Ò Ò Ò Temperature (°C) Middle NA - NA - Ò NA NA Ò - Bottom --Ò - Ò Ò - Ò - Average --Ò - Ò Ò Ò Ò - Surface -----Ò --- Salinity Middle NA - NA --NA NA -- Bottom ---Ò ----- Average ------Surface - Ò Ò Ò - Ô --Ô Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò NA Ò - NA NA -- Bottom - Ò Ò Ò ----- Average - Ò Ò Ò --Ò -- Surface - Ò Ò Ò - Ô Ò - Ô Dissolved Oxygen (%) Middle NA Ò NA Ò - NA NA -- Bottom - Ò Ò Ò Ò ---- Average - Ò Ò Ò --Ò -- Surface - Ò ---Ô --Ô pH Middle NA Ò NA --NA NA - Ô Bottom -----Ô --Ô Average - Ò ---Ô --Ô Secchi disc depth (m) - Ò Ò Ò - Ò Ò - Ò Surface --Ò Ò - Ò --Ò Turbidity (NTU) Middle NA - NA Ò - NA NA - Ò Bottom - Ò Ò Ò - Ò - Ò Ò Average --Ò Ò - Ò --Ò Surface - Ô Ô Ô ----- Suspended Solids (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA Ò Ô Bottom - Ô ------Average - Ô Ô Ô ----Ô Surface Ò Ô ------Volatile suspended solids (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA --NA NA Ò Ô Bottom - Ô ------Average - Ô ---Ô --Ô Surface - Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Average - Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA -- Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô ----Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Surface - Ò ------Nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò NA Ô - NA NA -- Bottom - Ò - Ô ----- Average - Ò - Ô ----- Surface - Ò Ò ---Ô -- Nitrate nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ò NA --NA NA -- Bottom - Ò Ò Ô ----- Average - Ò Ò ---Ô -- Surface --Ô Ô --Ô - Ô Total inorganic nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA -- Bottom - Ô Ô Ô ----Ô Average - Ô Ô Ô --Ô - Ô Surface Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Surface - Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Total nitrogen (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Average - Ô Ô Ô - Ô --Ô Surface - Ò Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Orthophosphate phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô ---Ô Ô Average --Ô Ô - Ô - Ô Ô Surface --Ô Ô Ô Ô --Ô Total phosphorus (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô Ô NA NA - Ô Bottom Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô --Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô Ô --Ô Surface Ô - Ô Ô ----- Silica (mg/L) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA -- Bottom - Ô Ô ------Average Ô Ô Ô Ô ----- Surface - Ò Ò -----Ô Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) Middle NA Ò NA --NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ò Ò ------Average - Ò Ò -----Ô Surface - Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô E. coli (cfu/100mL) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom - Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Average - Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Surface - Ô Ô --Ô Ô -- Faecal coliforms (cfu/100mL) Middle NA Ô NA Ô - NA NA - Ô Bottom Ô Ô - Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Average Ô Ô Ô Ô - Ô Ô - Ô Note: 1. Results of the Seasonal Kendall Test statistically significant at p < 0.05 Note: 2. - indicates no significant trend Note: 3. NA (Not Applicable) indicates the measurement was not made due to shallow wate Note: 4. Ò significant increase Note: 5. Ô significant decrease MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 4 Appendix G

Summary of water quality statistics for typhoon shelters in 2009

Aberdeen Aberdeen Rambler Tuen Mun Cheung Chau Hei Ling Chau (South) (West) Channel Parameter NT1 ST1 ST3 WT1 WT3 VT8 Number of samples 6 66666 24.6 23.8 23.9 23.6 23.5 23.6 Temperature (°C) (17.5 - 30.0) (16.1 - 29.4) (16.6 - 29.2) (19.0 - 29.4) (19.0 - 29.2) (17.0 - 27.6) 27.6 30.7 30.5 32.2 32.0 31.0 Salinity (13.6 - 32.6) (27.0 - 33.3) (26.5 - 33.3) (28.4 - 33.5) (27.6 - 33.4) (26.5 - 33.2) 6.6 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.4 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (5.8 - 7.5) (4.7 - 7.5) (4.7 - 7.4) (4.6 - 6.8) (4.2 - 6.8) (4.8 - 6.2) 6.3 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.7 Bottom N.M (4.6 - 7.4) (4.8 - 7.2) (4.6 - 6.8) (4.0 - 6.6) (5.1 - 6.5) 94 88 86 83 82 76 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (81 - 116) (72 - 114) (70 - 100) (64 - 92) (65 - 101) (62 - 92) 89 86 83 81 81 Bottom N.M (71 - 112) (71 - 97) (65 - 92) (62 - 98) (75 - 96) 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.0 pH (7.9 - 8.2) (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.5) (7.9 - 8.4) (7.9 - 8.1) 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.4 1.7 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.2 - 2.3) (1.0 - 2.5) (0.6 - 3.2) (1.7 - 3.4) (1.4 - 2.9) (0.6 - 2.2) 8.1 7.2 7.5 5.2 6.4 12.4 Turbidity (NTU) (3.3 - 12.1) (3.3 - 10.9) (1.4 - 11.4) (2.4 - 9.3) (3.5 - 12.9) (6.5 - 29.9) 6.3 6.5 6.6 4.0 4.7 12.7 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (3.4 - 7.9) (4.4 - 9.9) (2.8 - 12.3) (2.7 - 5.9) (3.2 - 5.6) (6.9 - 18.0) 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.9 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.1 - 2.9) (0.3 - 2.1) (0.6 - 2.8) (0.1 - 2.0) (0.3 - 2.3) (0.2 - 1.6) 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.10 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.027 - 0.190) (0.039 - 0.153) (0.023 - 0.133) (0.014 - 0.096) (0.026 - 0.113) (0.030 - 0.170) 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.005) (0.002 - 0.008) (0.002 - 0.006) (<0.001 - 0.005) (0.001 - 0.006) (0.002 - 0.004) 0.044 0.017 0.022 0.013 0.015 0.034 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.092) (0.010 - 0.034) (0.013 - 0.032) (0.002 - 0.026) (0.002 - 0.025) (0.010 - 0.057) 0.313 0.124 0.141 0.065 0.072 0.172 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.088 - 0.840) (0.065 - 0.280) (0.059 - 0.280) (0.029 - 0.173) (0.031 - 0.203) (0.088 - 0.347) 0.46 0.22 0.22 0.13 0.15 0.31 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.18 - 0.96) (0.17 - 0.34) (0.13 - 0.33) (0.07 - 0.25) (0.09 - 0.28) (0.27 - 0.43) 0.25 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.19 0.26 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.16 - 0.32) (0.13 - 0.31) (0.12 - 0.25) (0.13 - 0.18) (0.14 - 0.26) (0.20 - 0.34) 0.61 0.37 0.36 0.24 0.27 0.46 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.35 - 1.09) (0.28 - 0.55) (0.21 - 0.54) (0.17 - 0.33) (0.20 - 0.37) (0.41 - 0.59) 0.017 0.014 0.012 0.010 0.011 0.018 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.006 - 0.031) (<0.002 - 0.022) (<0.002 - 0.022) (0.004 - 0.013) (<0.002 - 0.015) (0.006 - 0.028) 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.04) (0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.04) (<0.02 - 0.02) (0.02 - 0.03) (0.02 - 0.05) 1.21 0.76 0.75 0.64 0.64 0.72 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.08 - 4.10) (0.09 - 1.37) (0.09 - 1.40) (0.26 - 1.01) (0.23 - 0.97) (0.10 - 1.40) 9.6 5.5 4.9 2.4 2.9 7.1 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.7 - 26.0) (1.9 - 12.5) (2.5 - 9.4) (1.0 - 6.6) (0.6 - 9.2) (0.6 - 14.3) 42 80 2 240 1000 680 E.coli (count/100mL) (10 - 120) (32 - 290) (1 - 3) (84 - 800) (420 - 1500) (240 - 4600) 270 210 3 480 2100 1800 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (47 - 1300) (50 - 1000) (1 - 10) (200 - 2900) (780 - 3800) (720 - 13000)

Summary of water quality statistics for typhoon shelters in 2009

Government Yau Ma Causeway To Kwa Kwun Sam Ka Dockyard Tei Bay Wan Tong Tsuen Parameter VT12 VT10 VT2 VT11 VT4 VT3 Number of samples 6 66666 23.8 23.5 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.5 Temperature (°C) (17.1 - 28.2) (17.0 - 27.9) (16.6 - 28.4) (16.8 - 28.9) (17.4 - 28.4) (16.4 - 29.1) 31.5 31.7 31.7 32.1 29.3 32.0 Salinity (29.6 - 32.7) (29.6 - 32.7) (29.2 - 33.0) (30.0 - 33.2) (25.3 - 31.2) (30.0 - 33.1) 4.8 4.5 4.3 5.4 4.7 4.9 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (4.1 - 6.6) (3.7 - 5.5) (3.6 - 4.7) (4.7 - 6.3) (2.6 - 6.0) (3.3 - 6.3) 4.9 4.5 4.3 5.3 4.2 5.1 Bottom (4.1 - 6.7) (3.4 - 5.5) (3.1 - 4.8) (4.7 - 6.2) (2.8 - 5.5) (3.4 - 6.3) 69 63 60 77 67 70 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (53 - 99) (53 - 82) (50 - 70) (62 - 94) (32 - 88) (41 - 94) 70 64 61 76 59 73 Bottom (59 - 100) (52 - 82) (48 - 71) (62 - 92) (36 - 72) (42 - 94) 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.0 7.8 8.0 pH (7.6 - 8.1) (7.7 - 8.0) (7.6 - 8.0) (7.9 - 8.0) (7.6 - 8.1) (7.9 - 8.1) 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.4 1.5 2.8 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (1.0 - 2.1) (1.0 - 2.9) (1.4 - 2.8) (1.5 - 3.5) (0.1 - 2.3) (1.5 - 3.8) 8.4 6.0 8.2 5.3 4.4 6.8 Turbidity (NTU) (4.3 - 12.3) (2.5 - 10.6) (4.0 - 13.0) (2.0 - 10.1) (1.5 - 9.5) (2.1 - 12.0) 8.8 5.8 12.4 4.2 3.1 8.9 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (6.3 - 11.2) (4.2 - 7.1) (3.4 - 40.0) (2.8 - 6.5) (1.6 - 4.7) (2.4 - 34.2) 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 1.0 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.5 - 2.1) (0.6 - 1.6) (0.4 - 1.7) (0.4 - 1.3) (1.5 - 2.8) (0.1 - 1.5) 0.20 0.23 0.16 0.11 0.37 0.08 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.074 - 0.255) (0.137 - 0.277) (0.110 - 0.190) (0.079 - 0.157) (0.193 - 0.757) (0.043 - 0.125) 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.010 0.003 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.003 - 0.009) (0.004 - 0.010) (0.002 - 0.007) (0.003 - 0.005) (0.004 - 0.016) (0.001 - 0.004) 0.025 0.025 0.021 0.018 0.153 0.014 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.017 - 0.040) (0.016 - 0.038) (0.010 - 0.036) (0.008 - 0.030) (0.063 - 0.396) (0.005 - 0.027) 0.135 0.131 0.122 0.100 0.617 0.084 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.120 - 0.170) (0.097 - 0.193) (0.078 - 0.205) (0.057 - 0.163) (0.283 - 0.853) (0.050 - 0.135) 0.36 0.39 0.30 0.23 1.14 0.18 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.24 - 0.42) (0.36 - 0.41) (0.23 - 0.36) (0.15 - 0.29) (0.54 - 2.01) (0.10 - 0.26) 0.41 0.42 0.35 0.27 0.63 0.23 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.29 - 0.50) (0.33 - 0.50) (0.27 - 0.46) (0.24 - 0.35) (0.38 - 1.18) (0.19 - 0.31) 0.57 0.57 0.50 0.39 1.40 0.33 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.46 - 0.65) (0.54 - 0.64) (0.37 - 0.61) (0.31 - 0.49) (0.73 - 2.43) (0.24 - 0.44) 0.037 0.033 0.027 0.022 0.176 0.016 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.011 - 0.049) (0.015 - 0.041) (0.013 - 0.036) (0.011 - 0.031) (0.104 - 0.233) (0.006 - 0.029) 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.21 0.04 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.08) (0.04 - 0.06) (0.03 - 0.07) (0.03 - 0.05) (0.14 - 0.27) (0.03 - 0.06) 0.59 0.64 0.74 0.56 1.29 0.52 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.22 - 1.20) (0.23 - 1.20) (0.36 - 1.15) (0.16 - 1.07) (0.54 - 2.37) (0.25 - 1.10) 8.5 6.1 4.3 4.9 13.0 4.6 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.7 - 16.0) (0.8 - 11.3) (0.6 - 8.9) (0.8 - 11.0) (1.2 - 30.3) (0.5 - 11.1) 390 930 2000 290 1200 610 E.coli (count/100mL) (72 - 2000) (200 - 3300) (780 - 4300) (74 - 5700) (260 - 2600) (230 - 1200) 980 2800 6600 890 3800 1700 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (120 - 3400) (670 - 7500) (1800 - 20000) (270 - 9100) (1100 - 6500) (850 - 4900)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary of water quality statistics for typhoon shelters in 2009

Aldrich Bay Chai Hebe Yim Tin Sai Shuen (Shau Kei Wan) Wan Haven Tsai Kung Wan Parameter ET2 ET1 PT4 PT3 PT2 TT1 Number of samples 6 66666 23.4 23.5 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.0 Temperature (°C) (19.2 - 27.9) (18.8 - 28.3) (17.2 - 29.8) (16.9 - 29.5) (17.1 - 29.7) (16.3 - 31.1) 31.2 32.0 31.8 32.5 32.0 31.1 Salinity (22.9 - 33.4) (28.9 - 33.4) (28.1 - 33.1) (30.1 - 33.8) (27.7 - 33.5) (29.3 - 32.6) 5.2 6.4 5.9 5.9 5.7 6.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) (3.8 - 6.0) (5.5 - 7.8) (4.1 - 7.4) (4.6 - 6.9) (4.5 - 6.8) (3.4 - 8.4) 4.8 6.3 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.7 Bottom (2.0 - 6.3) (5.3 - 7.0) (4.0 - 7.2) (4.3 - 6.6) (4.4 - 6.8) (1.5 - 8.3) 74 91 85 85 83 87 Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) (53 - 87) (80 - 120) (63 - 116) (71 - 108) (60 - 104) (53 - 133) 67 89 84 82 84 81 Bottom (29 - 92) (78 - 106) (62 - 113) (67 - 103) (59 - 104) (23 - 132) 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.1 pH (7.6 - 8.0) (7.7 - 8.1) (7.9 - 8.2) (7.9 - 8.2) (7.9 - 8.3) (7.7 - 8.2) 3.0 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.6 Secchi Disc Depth (m) (2.0 - 3.8) (2.3 - 3.1) (1.5 - 3.0) (1.4 - 3.8) (1.5 - 3.5) (1.5 - 3.3) 2.9 3.0 4.8 5.4 4.9 4.6 Turbidity (NTU) (1.4 - 8.8) (1.6 - 8.1) (1.3 - 9.5) (2.1 - 9.9) (0.8 - 9.8) (0.7 - 9.3) 2.7 3.1 2.9 3.5 2.6 1.9 Suspended Solids (mg/L) (1.4 - 3.7) (1.8 - 4.5) (1.2 - 4.0) (1.6 - 5.6) (0.7 - 3.6) (1.4 - 2.5) 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) (0.1 - 1.3) (0.4 - 1.9) (0.4 - 1.5) (0.5 - 1.2) (0.7 - 1.4) (0.6 - 1.5) 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.059 - 0.097) (0.012 - 0.087) (0.007 - 0.059) (0.012 - 0.043) (0.011 - 0.032) (0.013 - 0.127) 0.002 0.002 <0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 Unionised Ammonia (mg/L) (0.001 - 0.003) (<0.001 - 0.004) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.002) (<0.001 - 0.004) 0.033 0.021 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.004 Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.006 - 0.143) (0.002 - 0.087) (<0.002 - 0.005) (<0.002 - 0.003) (<0.002 - 0.006) (<0.002 - 0.009) 0.099 0.069 0.021 0.009 0.016 0.022 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.041 - 0.297) (0.019 - 0.187) (<0.002 - 0.062) (<0.002 - 0.032) (<0.002 - 0.043) (<0.002 - 0.059) 0.21 0.14 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.08 Total Inorganic Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.13 - 0.50) (0.03 - 0.33) (0.01 - 0.13) (0.02 - 0.06) (0.02 - 0.07) (0.02 - 0.19) 0.23 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.13 0.22 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.17 - 0.27) (0.11 - 0.26) (0.14 - 0.18) (0.10 - 0.16) (0.11 - 0.17) (0.18 - 0.26) 0.37 0.29 0.18 0.14 0.15 0.24 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) (0.23 - 0.64) (0.13 - 0.47) (0.15 - 0.25) (0.10 - 0.17) (0.11 - 0.18) (0.19 - 0.28) 0.021 0.013 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.008 Orthophosphate Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.011 - 0.028) (0.004 - 0.023) (0.004 - 0.014) (<0.002 - 0.008) (<0.002 - 0.009) (0.003 - 0.014) 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) (0.03 - 0.05) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.03) (<0.02 - 0.02) (<0.02 - 0.04) 0.88 0.64 0.65 0.60 0.69 0.83 Silica (as SiO ) (mg/L) 2 (0.29 - 2.57) (0.18 - 1.77) (0.08 - 1.59) (0.08 - 1.10) (0.14 - 1.50) (0.13 - 1.33) 4.1 8.6 3.3 2.9 3.0 6.0 Chlorophyll-a (µg/L) (0.7 - 12.2) (1.1 - 14.0) (1.9 - 5.5) (1.1 - 4.6) (1.5 - 5.1) (3.2 - 9.2) 570 190 7 2 7 18 E.coli (count/100mL) (240 - 1000) (82 - 340) (2 - 91) (1 - 7) (1 - 70) (9 - 46) 1200 420 25 3 48 40 Faecal Coliforms (count/100mL) (680 - 2100) (210 - 940) (5 - 540) (1 - 76) (4 - 580) (17 - 93)

Note : 1. Unless otherwise specified, data presented are depth-averaged (A) values calculated by taking the means of three Note : 1. depths: Surface (S), Mid-depth (M), Bottom (B).

Summary statistics of bottom sediment quality of typhoon shelters, 2005- 2009

Tuen Cheung Hei Ling Rambler Government Yau Ma Causeway Mun Chau Chau Channel Dockyard Tei Bay Parameter NS5 SS7 SS8 VS17 VS21 VS19 VS12 Number of samples 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 70 85 95 70 95 76 84 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (48 - 94) (66 - 95) (91 - 98) (47 - 88) (85 - 99) (60 - 95) (65 - 97) -261 -237 -216 -281 -299 -349 -354 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-353) - (-173)) ((-310) - (-150)) ((-287) - (-81)) ((-371) - (-208)) ((-350) - (-246)) ((-397) - (-278)) ((-407) - (-251)) 47 42 36 46 38 48 38 Total Solids (%w/w) (36 - 56) (38 - 50) (30 - 40) (36 - 57) (35 - 46) (40 - 52) (33 - 43) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 6.8 6.5 7.9 6.9 7 6.5 8.9 (6.2 - 9.2) (5.4 - 8.8) (6.7 - 11.0) (4.6 - 8.3) (6.0 - 9.6) (5.6 - 8.6) (7.9 - 11.0) 20000 17000 13000 24000 16000 18000 30000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (17000 - 25000) (12000 - 23000) (10000 - 15000) (16000 - 33000) (11000 - 19000) (14000 - 24000) (25000 - 36000) 0.80.70.50.90.50.90.9 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.6 - 1.0) (0.5 - 1.1) (0.5 - 0.5) (0.8 - 1.3) (0.5 - 0.6) (0.7 - 1.0) (0.8 - 1.1) 6.9 9.5 6.79 9.8 5.51 26.14 27.99 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (0.30 - 21.00) (3.30 - 21.00) (2.30 - 13.00) (0.24 - 20.00) (3.00 - 8.70) (5.40 - 47.00) (8.90 - 45.00) 400 450 500 450 350 440 660 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (230 - 620) (330 - 550) (300 - 1000) (330 - 520) (290 - 400) (210 - 600) (550 - 780) 210 250 180 190 190 200 220 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (150 - 300) (170 - 440) (140 - 340) (150 - 230) (150 - 210) (110 - 240) (190 - 260) 140 79 48 260 38 170 190 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (19.0 - 750.0) (14.0 - 250.0) (2.3 - 150.0) (23.0 - 750.0) (2.8 - 100.0) (18.0 - 380.0) (23.0 - 480.0) 0.20.10.10.30.20.10.2 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.4) (<0.1 - 0.5) (<0.1 - 0.5) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.3) 9.7 7.8 7.3 8.6 8.1 5.5 8.4 Arsenic (mg/kg) (5.8 - 28.0) (6.2 - 8.9) (6.7 - 8.4) (7.2 - 9.8) (7.0 - 9.1) (4.5 - 6.7) (7.5 - 9.2) 0.30.10.10.80.30.41.0 Cadmium (mg/kg) (0.2 - 0.7) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.1) (0.5 - 1.1) (0.1 - 0.4) (0.2 - 0.6) (0.7 - 1.2) 34 53 42 130 48 37 67 Chromium (mg/kg) (22 - 53) (43 - 61) (36 - 48) (85 - 180) (43 - 53) (27 - 44) (56 - 76) 48 95 37 240 140 83 260 Copper (mg/kg) (25 - 72) (57 - 130) (31 - 43) (150 - 320) (24 - 170) (46 - 130) (200 - 310) 54 49 51 84 50 53 83 Lead (mg/kg) (35 - 85) (35 - 57) (43 - 58) (65 - 140) (28 - 57) (31 - 110) (63 - 110) 0.08 0.19 0.14 0.25 0.17 0.22 0.78 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.05 - 0.12) (0.12 - 0.28) (0.11 - 0.18) (0.14 - 0.49) (<0.05 - 0.23) (0.09 - 0.44) (0.54 - 1.30) 21 21 27 49 29 23 28 Nickel (mg/kg) (14 - 47) (13 - 24) (23 - 32) (31 - 74) (25 - 36) (17 - 28) (24 - 34) 2.4 0.4 0.6 4.9 1.7 1.6 7.0 Silver (mg/kg) (0.3 - 11.0) (0.2 - 0.4) (0.4 - 0.7) (2.9 - 8.2) (0.3 - 2.1) (0.8 - 2.5) (4.8 - 10.0) 170 150 140 280 220 180 340 Zinc (mg/kg) (120 - 300) (110 - 230) (110 - 160) (200 - 350) (110 - 240) (120 - 320) (260 - 450) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 18 18 18 52 20 19 46 (µg/kg) (3) (18 - 18) (18 - 22) (18 - 18) (28 - 92) (18 - 24) (18 - 22) (27 - 82) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 96 94 91 230 93 110 130 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (6) (90 - 110) (90 - 110) (90 - 95) (100 - 1100) (90 - 100) (90 - 140) (110 - 170) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 250 200 71 1300 160 420 760 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (22 - 530) (62 - 590) (62 - 86) (480 - 5600) (21 - 280) (190 - 940) (640 - 1000) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation. 4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene. 5 High molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 10 congeners of molecular weight above 200, namely : Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, Benzo(g,h,i)perylene and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.

Summary statistics of bottom sediment quality of typhoon shelters, 2005- 2009 (continued)

To Kwa Kwun Sam Ka Aldrich Bay Chai Hebe Yim Tin Shuen Wan Tong Tsuen (Shau Kei Wan) Wan Haven Tsai Wan Parameter VS20 VS14 VS13 ES5 ES3 PS4 PS2 TS7 Number of samples 9 10101010101010 67 70 85 91 90 90 81 67 Particle Size Fractionation <63µm (%w/w) (45 - 87) (50 - 92) (76 - 90) (85 - 97) (80 - 96) (81 - 97) (28 - 93) (54 - 90) -327 -377 -222 -385 -322 -235 -212 -338 Electrochemical Potential (mV) ((-378) - (-173)) ((-415) - (-305)) ((-377) - (-56)) ((-413) - (-345)) ((-380) - (-266)) ((-313) - (-161)) ((-326) - (-129)) ((-375) - (-260)) 49 38 41 31 42 39 49 35 Total Solids (%w/w) ((45 - 54)) ((27 - 45)) ((37 - 43)) ((27 - 35)) ((36 - 49)) ((36 - 43)) ((34 - 65)) ((23 - 50)) Total Volatile Soilds (%w/w) 7.4 9.6 9.5 9.8 8.1 9.4 10 8.8 (5.2 - 11.0) (7.0 - 11.0) (8.6 - 12.0) (8.4 - 11.0) (5.7 - 8.9) (7.8 - 13.0) (5.5 - 15.0) (6.8 - 12.0) 32000 34000 26000 24000 26000 23000 18000 26000 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/kg) (18000 - 44000) (25000 - 44000) (21000 - 30000) (17000 - 31000) (18000 - 30000) (17000 - 26000) (11000 - 22000) (23000 - 30000) 1.21.10.90.80.80.8 2 0.8 Total Carbon (%w/w) (0.9 - 2.0) (0.7 - 1.5) (0.8 - 1.0) (0.7 - 1.1) (0.7 - 0.9) (0.7 - 1.1) (0.9 - 4.3) (0.7 - 1.2) 17.9 33.5 11.0 27.5 3.1 4.7 8.9 7.1 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/kg) (6.70 - 34.00) (11.00 - 76.00) (0.51 - 28.00) (4.20 - 37.00) (0.31 - 8.20) (1.50 - 7.50) (1.70 - 22.00) (2.50 - 12.00) 500 650 590 620 500 550 460 680 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) (420 - 630) (410 - 890) (530 - 700) (480 - 730) (400 - 630) (290 - 670) (250 - 850) (550 - 890) 210 210 260 210 250 180 140 230 Total Phosphorus (mg/kg) (170 - 250) (160 - 310) (210 - 340) (170 - 280) (180 - 400) (120 - 220) (72 - 200) (170 - 430) 140 610 57 640 120 33 34 260 Total Sulphide (mg/kg) (12.0 - 360.0) (25.0 - 1300.0) (4.6 - 290.0) (59.0 - 1200.0) (18.0 - 300.0) (1.9 - 94.0) (0.6 - 110.0) (53.0 - 1300.0) 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Total Cyanide (mg/kg) (<0.1 - 0.2) (<0.1 - 0.5) (<0.1 - 0.5) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - 0.1) (<0.1 - 0.4) 7.7 6.5 7.5 7.9 9.3 8.2 4 9.4 Arsenic (mg/kg) (6.0 - 8.7) (5.4 - 8.4) (6.4 - 8.5) (6.1 - 10.0) (8.0 - 11.0) (7.3 - 9.2) (2.6 - 5.6) (6.6 - 12.0) 0.9 2.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.2 <0.1 0.5 Cadmium (mg/kg) (0.4 - 1.5) (1.4 - 5.0) (0.7 - 0.9) (0.4 - 1.1) (0.3 - 0.8) (0.1 - 0.3) (<0.1 - <0.1) (0.3 - 0.8) 85 280 56 61 100 28 17 24 Chromium (mg/kg) (53 - 110) (100 - 570) (44 - 88) (55 - 77) (75 - 130) (23 - 33) (8 - 23) (18 - 33) 650 1900 190 320 290 51 17 140 Copper (mg/kg) (240 - 960) (720 - 4200) (150 - 240) (210 - 430) (220 - 390) (37 - 61) (7 - 27) (81 - 240) 110 140 100 79 84 39 32 100 Lead (mg/kg) (61 - 220) (75 - 400) (85 - 120) (68 - 110) (68 - 110) (36 - 41) (13 - 39) (77 - 120) 1.2 0.78 0.77 0.37 0.52 0.13 0.06 0.17 Mercury (mg/kg) (0.50 - 2.20) (0.41 - 1.40) (0.61 - 1.20) (0.25 - 0.69) (0.38 - 0.65) (0.11 - 0.16) (<0.05 - 0.07) (0.08 - 0.27) 35 81 20 27 31 9 12 13 Nickel (mg/kg) (19 - 45) (31 - 170) (16 - 25) (24 - 30) (22 - 40) (7 - 11) (6 - 18) (8 - 20) 4.7 8.6 2.7 7.2 17.5 0.3 0.2 0.5 Silver (mg/kg) (3.1 - 5.8) (4.8 - 13.0) (2.2 - 3.3) (4.2 - 9.0) (5.2 - 30.0) (0.3 - 0.4) (<0.2 - 0.2) (0.3 - 0.7) 260 440 340 380 330 160 78 350 Zinc (mg/kg) (150 - 380) (290 - 620) (280 - 380) (320 - 550) (250 - 430) (140 - 170) (28 - 110) (260 - 470) Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 86210552349181818 (µg/kg) (3) (31 - 140) (67 - 470) (40 - 110) (18 - 29) (29 - 71) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) (18 - 18) Low Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 16000 130 130 110 120 90 90 91 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (4) (6) (580 - 42000) (98 - 200) (100 - 180) (94 - 130) (100 - 140) (90 - 90) (90 - 90) (90 - 96) High Molecular Weight Polycylic Aromatic 130000 1100 720 780 500 67 37 130 Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (µg/kg) (5) (6) (7700 - 290000) (560 - 1900) (410 - 1500) (370 - 1500) (270 - 750) (37 - 100) (21 - 52) (61 - 200) Note: 1 Data presented are arithmetic means ; data in brackets indicate ranges. 2 All data are based on the analyses of bulk (unsieved) sediment and are reported on a dry weight basis unless stated otherwise. 3 Total PCBs results are derived from the summation of 18 congeners. If the concentration of a congener is below report limit (RL), the result will be taken as 0.5xRL in the calculation. 4 Low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 6 congeners of molecular weight below 200, namely : Acenaphthene, Acenaphthylene, Anthracene, Flourene, Naphthalene and Phenanthrene. 5 High molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include 10 congeners of molecular weight above 200, namely : Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, Benzo(g,h,i)perylene and Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.

Cadmium in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Cadmium (mg/kg dry solids)

> 4.0

1.6 - 4.0

0 - 1.5

TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Cheung Chau VS21 Kowloon SS7 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS20VS14 VS19 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

Chromium in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Chromium (mg/kg dry solids)

> 160

81 - 160

0 - 80 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 Hei Ling Chau VS19 VS20 VS14 SS8 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 ES5 VS12 ES3 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 10 Appendix G

Copper in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Copper (mg/kg dry solids)

> 110

66 - 110

0 - 65 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 VS21 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20 VS14 Rambler Channel VS17 VS13 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES5 ES3 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Kwun Tong VS14 Lantau Island Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

Mercury in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Mercury (mg/kg dry solids)

> 1.0

0.51 - 1.0

0 - 0.5 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Cheung Chau VS21 Kowloon SS7 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20VS14 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Kwun Tong VS14 LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 11 Appendix G

Nickel in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Nickel (mg/kg dry solids)

> 40

35 - 40

TS7 0 - 34

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20 VS14 VS13 Rambler Channel VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island Kwun Tong VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

Lead in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Lead (mg/kg dry solids)

> 110

76 - 110

0 - 75 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 VS14 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 ES3 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 12 Appendix G

Silver in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Silver (mg/kg dry solids)

1.1 – 2.0

TS7 0 – 1.0

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 VS14 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 ES3 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Kwun Tong VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

Zinc in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Zinc (mg/kg dry solids)

>270

201 - 270

0 - 200 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Cheung Chau VS21 Kowloon SS7 Hei Ling Chau SS8 VS19 VS20VS14 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Kwun Tong VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 13 Appendix G

Arsenic in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

Arsenic (mg/kg dry solids)

>42

13 - 42

0 - 12 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Cheung Chau VS21 Kowloon SS7 Hei Ling Chau VS14 SS8 VS19 VS20 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Kwun Tong VS14 Lantau Island Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

Total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Total PCBs (μg/kg dry solids)

>180

24 - 180

0 - 23

TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4 Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 Hei Ling Chau VS19 VS20 VS14 SS8 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES5 ES3 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 14 Appendix G

Low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N Low molecular weight PAHs (μg/kg dry solids)

>3160

551 - 3160

0 - 550 TS7

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 VS21 Kowloon Cheung Chau SS7 Hei Ling Chau VS19 VS20 VS14 SS8 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in typhoon shelter sediments in Hong Kong, 2005 - 2009

Shenzhen N

High molecular weight PAHs (μg/kg dry solids)

>9600

1701 - 9600 TS7 0 - 1700

New Territories

NS5 PS2 VS17 PS4

Tuen Mun NS5 Kowloon Cheung Chau VS21 SS7 Hei Ling Chau VS19 VS20 VS14 SS8 Rambler Channel VS13 VS17 Government Dockyard VS21 Yau Ma Tei VS19 Causeway Bay VS12 VS12 ES5 To Kwa Wan VS20 SS8 ES3 Kwun Tong LantauLantau Island Island Hong Kong Island VS14 Sam Ka Tsuen VS13 Aldrich Bay (Shau Kei Wan) ES5 SS7 Chai Wan ES3 Hebe Haven PS4 Yim Tin Tsai PS2 Shuen Wan TS7 0510km

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 G - 15 Appendix H 10km MM14 MM16 N 05 MM4 MM17 TM8 PM7 PM3 MM2 EM2 TM6 VM1 TM4 SM19 TM3 VM4 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 VM7 WM2 WM3 SM6 New Territories New in Hong Kong waters 2009 Shenzhen NM1 SM17 DM3 NM3 Lantau Island Lantau DM5 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Phytoplankton monitoring stations Phytoplankton

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 1 Appendix H 53% Diatom Dinoflagellate 30% 17% Others 51% Diatom 36% Dinoflagellate 13% Others 55% Diatom 29% Dinoflagellate 16% Others Mirs Bay WCZ Port ShelterWCZ Tolo Harbour & ChannelWCZ N 53% Diatom 27% Dinoflagellate 20% Others in the nine Water Control Zones (2009) Eastern Buffer WCZ Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 55% Diatom Dinoflagellate 28% 17% Others Victoria Harbour WCZ New Territories New Shenzhen groups to the total number of species 58% Diatom 25% Dinoflagellate 17% Others Lantau Lantau Island Southern WCZ 59% Diatom Dinoflagellate 23% 18% Others 42% Diatom Dinoflagellate 39% 19% Others 64% Diatom Dinoflagellate 21% 15% Others Deep Bay WCZ North Western WCZ Western Buffer WCZ Percentage contribution of phytoplankton Percentage contribution

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 2 Appendix H 68% Diatom 2% Dinoflagellate 2% 30% Others 52% Diatom 6% Dinoflagellate 42% Others 70% Diatom 3% Dinoflagellate 27% Others Mirs Bay WCZ Port ShelterWCZ Tolo Harbour & ChannelWCZ N 73% Diatom 2% Dinoflagellate 25% Others Eastern Buffer WCZ the nine Water Control Zones (2009) Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong 64% Diatom 3% Dinoflagellate 33% Others Victoria Harbour WCZ New Territories New Shenzhen ton groups to the total density in total density to the ton groups 80% Diatom 1% Dinoflagellate 19% Others Lantau Lantau Island Southern WCZ 71% Diatom 2% Dinoflagellate 27% Others 48% Diatom 2% Dinoflagellate 50% Others 71% Diatom 2% Dinoflagellate 27% Others Deep Bay WCZ North Western WCZ Western Buffer WCZ Percentage contribution of phytoplank Percentage contribution

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 3 Appendix H > 9000 > 0 - 1500 7501 - 9000 6001 - 7500 4501 - 6000 3001 - 4500 1501 - 3000 density (cell/mL) density Total phytoplankton Total 10km MM14 MM16 N 05 MM4 MM17 PM7 TM8 PM3 ions in Hong Kong waters in 2009 Kong waters in Hong ions MM2 EM2 TM6 VM1 TM4 SM19 VM4 TM3 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 VM7 WM2 WM3 SM6 New Territories New Shenzhen NM1 SM17 DM3 NM3 Lantau Island Lantau DM5 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of total phytoplankton at 25 monitoring stat at 25 monitoring phytoplankton Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of total

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 4 Appendix H > 9000 > 0 - 1500 7501 - 9000 6001 - 7500 4501 - 6000 3001 - 4500 1501 - 3000 (cell/mL) Diatom density 10km MM14 MM16 N 05 MM4 MM17 PM7 TM8 PM3 MM2 EM2 TM6 in Hong Kong waters in 2009 Kong waters in Hong VM1 TM4 SM19 VM4 TM3 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 VM7 WM2 WM3 SM6 New Territories New Shenzhen diatoms at 25 monitoring stations diatoms at 25 monitoring NM1 SM17 DM3 NM3 Lantau Island Lantau DM5 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 5 Appendix H > 300 > 0 - 50 51 - 100 251 - 300 201 - 250 151 - 200 101 - 150 Dinoflagellate density (cell/mL) density 10km MM14 MM16 N 05 MM4 MM17 PM7 TM8 PM3 MM2 EM2 TM6 VM1 TM4 SM19 VM4 TM3 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 VM7 WM2 WM3 SM6 New Territories New Shenzhen noflagellates 2009 in waters Kong Hong in stations monitoring 25 at NM1 SM17 DM3 NM3 Lantau Island Lantau DM5 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of di

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 6 Appendix H > 3000 > 0 - 500 501 - 1000 2501 - 3000 2001 - 2500 1501 - 2000 1001 - 1500 Other phytoplankton groups density (cell/mL) density groups 10km MM14 MM16 N 05 MM4 MM17 PM7 TM8 PM3 MM2 EM2 TM6 VM1 TM4 SM19 VM4 TM3 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM3 VM7 WM2 WM3 SM6 New Territories New Shenzhen NM1 SM17 DM3 NM3 Lantau Island Lantau Island Lantau DM5 Boundary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Special Administrative Kong Hong the of Boundary Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of other phytoplankton groups at 25 monitoring stations in Hong Kong waters in 2009 in in Hong Kong waters stations groups at 25 monitoring phytoplankton Annual mean densities (cell/mL) of other

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 7 Appendix H Mirs Bay WCZ PortWCZ Shelter Eastern Buffer WCZ Tolo Harbour & Channel WCZ Channel & Harbour Tolo 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 5 0 5 0 8 6 4 2 0 5 0 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 20 15 10 10 20 15 10 Junk Bay WCZ Bay Junk 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 8 6 4 2 0 10 Kowloon Hong Kong Island Kong Hong Victoria Harbour WCZ Harbour Victoria 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 New Territories New 8 6 4 2 0 10 Shenzhen Lantau Lantau Island Southern WCZ 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 5 0 20 15 10 in 10 Water Control Zones in Hong Kong, 1980 - in 10 Water Control Zones Hong 2009 N Deep Bay WCZ North Western WCZ Western Buffer WCZ Buffer Western 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 8 6 4 2 0 Source: Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and Environmental Protection Department Protection Environmental and Department Conservation and Fisheries Agriculture, Source: 8 6 4 2 0 8 6 4 2 0 Frequency of red tides 10 10 10

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 8 Appendix H

Occurrence of red tides in Hong Kong waters, 1980 – 2009 (Sources: Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and Environmental Protection Department)

Yearly Distribution

100

Total red tide occurrences 1980 - 2009 : 808 cases 80

40 No. of occurrences of No. 20

0 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Monthly Distribution

140

- Red tide occurrences in 2009 120

100

No. of occurrences 40

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 9 Appendix H

Seasonal occurrence of red tides caused by different phytoplankton groups in Hong Kong, 1980 – 2009 (Sources: Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and Environmental Protection Department)

120 Red tides caused by diatoms : 133 cases

100

40 No. of occurrences

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 120 Red tides caused by dinoflagellates : 515 cases

100

40 No. of occurrences

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 120 Red tides caused by other minor algal groups : 140 cases

100

40 No. of occurrences

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 10 Appendix H

9 4 9 8 7 12 12 10 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 Frequency 1

2.9 12 2.9 9.3 9.3 6.6 5.2 9.0 9.0 68.5 10 68.5 10 11.3 8 10.8 67.3 67.3 11.1 69.4 11.2 67.3 20.9 10.1 59.7 30.6 59.7 17.6 63.1 20.9 10.9 8 10.9 79.7 12 79.7 12 16.3 58.0 12 58.0 11.0 9 % Abundance Skeletonema costatum costatum Skeletonema spp. Thalassiosira spp. Chaetoceros Gymnodinium spp. spp. Amphidinium Scrippsiella spp. small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax spp. Thalassiosira costatum Skeletonema spp. Chaetoceros Gymnodinium spp. spp. Amphidinium fusiforme Gyrodinium small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax Species Species Western North Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others Bay Deep Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others Skeletonema costatum costatum spp. spp. Skeletonema Pseudo-nitzschia Chaetoceros

Teleaulax acuta acuta Teleaulax Gyrodinium fusiforme fusiforme Gyrodinium small flagellates prolonga small Plagioselmis Gymnodinium spp. spp. spp. Gymnodinium Scrippsiella 2

Buffer Western 7 9 12 12 12 10 11 12 11 12 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 12 Frequency

1 Diatoms Dinoflagellates

Others

9.1 9.1 7.8 2.1 6.6 9.6 8.2 8.3 1.8 6.4 11 11 6.4 8.4 10 8.4 56.3 12 56.3 12 13.5 11.5 11 21.8 21.8 17.7 15.1 58.1 83.1 14.0 63.6 19.7 69.3 89.1 76.1 12 76.1 12 16.6 49.8 12 49.8 % Abundance fusiforme fusiforme 12 20.7 phytoplankton species in different Wa ter Control Zones (WCZs) in 2009. Skeletonema costatum costatum Skeletonema spp. Thalassiosira spp. Chaetoceros Dactyliosolen fragilissimus spp. Thalassiosira spp. Chaetoceros spp. Gymnodinium spp. Amphidinium spp. Scrippsiella small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax spp. Pseudo-nitzschia costatum Skeletonema spp. Chaetoceros spp. Gymnodinium fusiforme Gyrodinium spp. Amphidinium small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax Teleaulax acuta acuta Teleaulax Amphidinium spp. spp. Amphidinium small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis Species Species Shelter Port Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others Southern Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others Diatoms Diatoms Dinoflagellates

Gymnodinium spp. spp. Gymnodinium Others 2 Harbour Victoria

8 9 8 9 1 11 12 12 12 10 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 12 Frequency 1

8.3 8.3 8.2 2.6 4.8 4.0 12 12 4.0 9.7 12 12 9.7 11.9 35.4 12 12 35.4 10 22.9 12 12.5 54.4 12 54.4 25.1 25.1 18.8 16.8 56.9 80.4 12.2 48.6 18.8 13.9 57.3 14.1 80.6 12.0 78.7 12 12 78.7 12 15.8 10.4 11 Gyrodinium Gyrodinium 11 10.4 % Abundance Abundance and frequency of the dominant % of species/group in diatoms, dinoflagellates and other phytoplankton phytoplankton other and dinoflagellates diatoms, in species/group of % Number of occurrences outoccasions. sampling of 12 Pseudo-nitzschia spp. spp. Pseudo-nitzschia Dactyliosolen fragilissimus spp. Thalassiosira Gymnodinium spp. spp. Gymnodinium Pseudo-nitzschia spp. spp. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Chaetoceros spp. Thalassiosira spp. Gymnodinium minimum Prorocentrum spp. Scrippsiella small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax spp. Chaetoceros spp. Thalassiosira spp. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Gymnodinium spp. Amphidinium spp. Scrippsiella small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis akashiwo Heterosigma small flagellates prolonga Plagioselmis acuta Teleaulax Amphidinium spp. spp. Amphidinium spp. Scrippsiella

Mirs Bay Bay Mirs Diatoms Diatoms Dinoflagellates

Others Others Species Species & Channel Harbour Tolo Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others Buffer Eastern Diatoms Dinoflagellates Others 1 2

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 11 Appendix H

Occurrence and distribution of red tide species in different Water Control Zones (WCZs), 1980 -2009

Number of occurrences Tolo Harbour Mirs Eastern Port Junk Victoria Southern North Western Deep Species & Channel Bay Buffer Shelter Bay Harbour Waters Western Buffer Bay Total WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ WCZ

Noctiluca scintillans 61 67 55 55 5 7 250 Skeletonema costatum 23 3 1 3 9 12 3 9 2 65 Mesodinium rubrum 8 8 9 1 17 6 2 2 53 Gonyaulax polygramma 21 8 14 6 1 50 Prorocentrum minimum 44 1 45 Ceratium furca 15 7 13 35 Prorocentrum triestinum 33 33 Scrippsiella trochoidea 15 4 2 1 22 Heterosigma akashiwo 15 2 3 1 21 Heterocapsa circularisquama 13 3 16 Prorocentrum sigmoides 14 1 1 16 Prorocentrum dentatum 8 4 1 1 14 Trichodesmium erythraeum 6 5 3 14 Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii 2 3 1 4 2 12 Prorocentrum micans 4 4 1 1 1 11 Karenia mikimotoi 6 1 3 10 Leptocylindrus minimus 10 10 Phaeocystis globosa 1 7 1 9 Cryptomonas spp. 8 8 Dactyliosolen fragilissimus 6 1 1 8 Karenia digitata 1 3 2 2 8 Thalassiosira mala 6 2 8 Akashiwo sanguinea 2 2 2 1 7 Chaetoceros spp. 6 1 7 Plagioselmis prolonga 7 7 Thalassiosira proschkinae 6 1 7 Cochlodinium spp. 2 2 1 1 6 Gyrodinium instriatum 1 1 2 1 1 6 Dictyocha speculum 2 2 1 5 Thalassiosira spp. 2 1 2 5 Eutreptiella spp. 4 4 Haematococcus pluvialis 4 4 Leptocylindrus danicus 3 1 4 Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima 1 2 1 4 Chaetoceros curvisetus 1 1 1 3 Chattonella marina 2 1 3 Chattonella ovata 2 1 3 Gymnodinium simplex 3 3 Karenia longicanalis 1 1 1 3 Prorocentrum balticum 1 1 1 3 Pseudo-nitzschia seriata 1 2 3 Teleaulax acuta 3 3 Trichodesmium spp. 1 1 1 3 Alexandrium tamarense 2 2 Cerataulina pelagica 2 2 Chaetoceros socialis 2 2 Chattonella spp. 1 1 2 Cochlodinium polykrikoides 2 2 Eucampia zodiacus 1 1 2 Fibrocapsa japonica 1 1 2 Gymnodinium spp. X 2 2 Heterocapsa rotundata 2 2 Nitzschia longissima 1 1 2 Prorocentrum spp. 1 1 2 Pseudo-nitzschia spp. 2 2 Thalassiosira weissflogii 2 2 Alexandrium catenella 1 1 Chaetoceros pseudocrinitus 1 1 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus 1 1 Chaetoceros spp.0105 1 1 Chaetoceros tenuissimus 1 1 Chlamydomonas spp. 1 1 Chlamydomonas uva-maris 1 1 Cyclotella caspia 1 1 Cyclotella spp. 1 1 Cylindrotheca closterium 1 1 Cyttarocylis spp. 1 1 Guinardia delicatula 1 1 Guinardia striata 1 1 Gymnodinium spp. 1 1 Gyrodinium spirale 1 1 Hermesinum adriaticum 1 1 Karenia papilionacea 1 1 Karlodinium micrum 1 1 Katodinium rotundatum 1 1 Leptocylindrus spp. 1 1 Navicula spp. 1 1 Odontella mobiliensis 1 1 Odontella sinensis 1 1 Pedinomonadaceae spp. 1 1 Protoperidinium quinquecorne 1 1 Protopolykrokos distortus 1 1 Thalassiosira tealata 1 1 Thalassomonas spp. 1 1 Trichodesmium thiebautii 1 1 Total : 85 species 382 144 1 121 7 14 135 27 23 12 866 Note: a red tide incident may involve more than one causative species. Source: Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and Environmental Protection Department

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 H - 12 Appendix I

Level of compliance with key marine Water Quality Objectives for 10 Water Control Zones in Hong Kong, 2000 - 2009

Water Dissolved Total Inorganic Unionised Control Zone Oxygen Nitrogen Ammonia E. coli Overall

100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 NOT APPLICABLE NOT APPLICABLE 80 80 Tolo Harbour 60 60 60 60 60 & Channel 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20 % compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 80 Southern 60 60 60 60 60 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20 % compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 80 60 60 60 60 60 Port Shelter 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20 % compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 NOT APPLICABLE 80 60 60 60 60 60 Junk Bay 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20

% compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 NOT APPLICABLE 80 60 60 60 60 60 Deep Bay 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20 % compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 100 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 80 60 60 60 60 60 Mirs Bay 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20

% compliance % 0 0 0 0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Year Year Year Year Year

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 1

Appendix I

Level of compliance with key marine Water Quality Objectives in Hong Kong, 2000 - 2009 Dissolved Oxygen Total Inorganic Nitrogen

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40 % compliance % compliance 20 20

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year

Unionised Ammonia E. coli

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40 % compliance % compliance 20 20

0 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year Year Overall level of compliance with key marine Water Quality Objectives in Hong Kong, 1986 - 2009

100

90 85 87 85 87 87 83 83 82 81 87 87 87 81 79 81 80 76 79 79 80 76 77 70 73 73 70 % compliance

50 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Year

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 2 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° VM1 VM2 VM4 SM19 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon SM3 SM4 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM6 VM15 VM7 VM14 VM12 marine waters of Hong Kong, 1986 - of marine waters 2009 New Territories New SM18 Shenzhen DM1 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° DM2 DM3 SM17 DM4 Lantau Island NM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Long-term changes in dissolved oxygen in oxygen Long-term changes in dissolved 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 3 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong, 1986 - 2009 TM8 PM6 PM2 JM3 TM7 EM1 TM6 VM1 TM5 TM4 TM2 VM2 TM3 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM14 VM12 New Territories New marine waters of of Demand in marine waters mical Oxygen Shenzhen DM1 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° DM2 DM3 DM4 Lantau Island 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Long-term changes in 5-day Bioche 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 4 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° PM1 PM2 PM3 EM3 JM3 PM6 TM7 EM2 EM1 TM6 VM1 JM4 SM1 TM5 TM2 TM4 VM2 TM3 VM4 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM4 VM7 VM12 Hong Kong, 1986 - 2009 VM8 WM2 WM3 SM7 SM9 WM4 New Territories New Shenzhen SM11 NM1 in marine waters of of in marine waters 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° NM2 114 ° DM2

E. coli DM4 Lantau Island Lantau Island NM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N Long-term changes in 30’ N 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 5 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 MM6 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° EM3 JM3 TM7 EM1 EM2 TM6 PM6 MM1 JM4 TM5 TM2 VM1 TM4 VM2 TM3 VM4 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM6 VM12 VM7 VM15 VM14 VM8 WM2 SM9 New Territories New Shenzhen NM1 DM1 a nitrogen in marine waters of Hong Kong, 1986 -a nitrogen in marine waters of 2009 SM11 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° NM2 DM2 DM3 NM3 DM4 Lantau Island NM5 DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Long-term changes in ammoni 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 6 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 20’ E 20’ E 114 ° 114 ° TM7 TM6 MM1 TM5 SM1 TM4 ng Kong, 1986 - 2009 TM2 TM3 VM4 SM2 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM6 SM4 VM7 VM12 VM14 VM8 WM2 WM3 SM7 marine waters of Ho of marine waters WM4 SM9 New Territories New SM10 Shenzhen SM11 00’ E SM12 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° DM3 SM13 NM3 DM4 Lantau Island DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N Long-term changes in nitrate nitrogen 30’ N 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 7 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 20’ E 20’ E MM6 114 ° 114 ° MM7 PM6 EM3 PM2 JM3 TM7 EM2 EM1 TM6 JM4 VM1 TM5 TM4 VM2 TM2 VM4 TM3 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong SM4 VM15 in marine waters of Hong Kong, 1986 -in marine waters of 2009 VM8 WM2 WM3 SM7 WM4 SM9 New Territories New SM10 Shenzhen SM11 DM1 00’ E 00’ E SM12 114 ° 114 ° NM2 DM2 DM3 SM13 NM3 DM4 Lantau Island Lantau Island NM5 DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Long-term changes in total inorganic nitrogen 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 8 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend MM13 MM14 MM15 MM16 5 N MM5 0 MM4 PM11 20’ E 20’ E MM8 MM6 114 ° 114 ° MM3 PM4 TM8 PM1 MM7 EM3 PM2 TM7 JM3 MM2 EM2 PM6 TM6 EM1 MM1 JM4 TM5 SM1 TM4 VM1 VM2 TM2 VM4 SM19 TM3 SM2 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° VM6 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM7 VM12 VM15 us in marine waters of Hong Kong, 1986 -us in marine waters of 2009 VM14 SM5 WM1 WM3 SM6 SM9 New Territories New SM18 SM10 Shenzhen 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° SM17 DM4 Lantau Island NM6 DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N Long-term changes in orthophosphate phosphor 30’ N 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 9 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend MM13 5 MM5 N MM4 0 MM6 MM17 20’ E 20’ E MM8 PM4 114 ° 114 ° MM3 PM8 PM7 PM1 MM7 PM3 MM2 MM1 VM2 VM4 VM5 Hong Kong, 1986 - Hong 2009 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM6 SM3 VM15 WM1 WM2 WM3 SM7 WM4 SM9 New Territories New in marine waters of in marine waters SM10 a Shenzhen DM1 00’ E 00’ E 114 ° 114 ° DM2 SM13 NM3 Lantau Island NM6 NM5 DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N Long-term changes in chlorophyll- 30’ N 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 10 Appendix I 30’ N 20’ N 10’ N 22 ° 22 ° 22 ° 30’ E 30’ E ° 114 114 ° 10km Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend 5 N 0 PM9 MM17 20’ E 20’ E PM4 114 ° 114 ° PM8 PM7 PM1 TM8 PM3 EM3 EM2 PM2 TM7 JM4 PM6 TM6 JM3 EM1 TM5 SM1 VM1 TM4 TM2 SM19 VM2 TM3 VM4 SM2 VM5 10’ E 10’ E Kowloon 114 ° 114 ° Hong Kong Island Kong Hong VM6 SM3 SM4 VM7 WM1 VM14 VM8 VM12 SM5 WM2 WM3 SM18 SM6 rine waters of Hong Kong, 1986 - Hong of rine waters 2009 SM7 WM4 SM9 New Territories New SM10 Shenzhen SM11 00’ E 00’ E SM12 114 ° 114 ° DM2 DM3 SM13 SM17 DM4 Lantau Island NM5 DM5 50’ E 50’ E 20’ N 10’ N 30’ N Long-term changes in temperature in ma Long-term changes in temperature 113 ° 22 ° 113 ° 22 ° 22 °

MARINE WATER QUALITY IN HONG KONG IN 2009 I - 11