INSIDE UKRAINIANS SEE PINOCHET ... TWO PRISONERS - Phil Berrigan PLYUSHCH DEFENSE CAMPAIGN ...
MULTICULTURALISM & THE UKRAINIAN WORKER . . . _ SIMAS KUDIRKA the sailor who defected ...
DISCUSSION PAPER ON UKRAINE
THE UKRAINIAN BILLY THE KID
EASTERN & WESTERN SUSK CONFERENCES
SUSK's annual Eastern Conference pro- Scheduled for February 22nd and 23rd in cultural Programme and External Affairs, mises to be a novel approach to the is- Ottawa, the theme is: "Government: have been invited to speak on the metho- sues that SUSK has been involved with Issues and Tactics," with a definite em- dology of lobbying, pressure methods, for the past 7 years., namely, mullicultu- phasis on tactics. Speakers from SUSK, and formal information channels. This page ralism and the question of Ukraine. along with the Secretary of State, Multi- continued on PAGF 2 , 1975 Letters to the editor
Dear Friend:
the military junta and resolute- I am writing to you about a condemn the actions ot the very serious matter that was ly recently brought to my atten- Argentinian ABN WHO HAVE tion- by a member oi the Chil- NO RIGHT TO SPEAK IN THE ean resistance who had to es- NAME OF THE UKRAINIAN country several cape irom the NATION. (The Ukrainian nat- — weeks ago to save his lite. "" ion, unlike many, has had a '' The matter concerns the acti- bitter taste of fascist invasion . vities of the Argentinian Uk- with millions deported, hun- rainian ABN group. dead. We. Shortly alter the Chile mi- dreds of thousands : 4, Toronto Ont. «. Suite 394 St. litary putsch, the above men- above all should know what tioned Ukrainian group, sent a fascism is about, and extend delegation to welcome Pino- our warmest support to its vic- ' chet's arrival to power. It was tims.) a large delegation (Ukrainian you raise . I propose that national costumes, tlags, etc.) this question with your execu- The delegation thanked EDITORIAL BOARD: tive and adopt the following Pinochet tor saving Chile course of action: 'irom chaos', and pleaded with Anhelyna Szuch - editor that "great man" to intervene Yurih Pylypiak - photographs on the world arena on behalf oi 1) that the SUSK executive es- Lubomyr Szuch Ukrainian political prisoners, tablish an ad hoc commission Stefan Huzan and the Ukrainian cause in ge- of inquiry to look into this neral. The delegation receiv- Martha Swidersky Zenon matter. That this commission Sztelma — business publicity — televi- ed massive examine this question in some sion, newspaper coverage etc. depth (eg. read the articles of Yurij Bondarchuk It was of course very conveni- - the official ent tor Pinochet to have such MEBCUBIO of the Junta, etc.) a delegation arrive and explain newspaper CONTRIBUTORS: to the population of Chile how grateful they should he to Pi- 7) that this report be studied delivered them nochet who by the executive , and on the Myroslav Shkandrij, Borys Holowaczs Roman Senkus, Marika Hurko, from such an evil fate. basis of this report a resolu- This occurred in October, tion be drawn and passed by Sheila Slobodzian, Myron Spolsky, Oksana Radj. Bohdan Kupycz several weeks after the putsch the executive. It is not necessary to go into detail about the situation in 3) that any eventual resolution Chile, you know it as well as DEFENSE CAMPAIGNS adopted, be circulated to other Pi- 1 do. Let us just sumarize - The past year has witnessed Ukrainian organizations invit- a nochet's achievement after a great deal of action on the issue of ing them to sign the resolu- tew days in power: 30,000 exe- political dissidence in the Soviet tion (and this includes the va- cuted, and 50,000 imprisoned. Union. Various youth groups and rious solidarity-defense com- Chile is a small country. It committees persistently confronted mittees). figures and com- governments and media with the we take these would resulting extensive publicity pare what the equivalent and 4) that the resolution be sent substantial support from the differ- - 150,000 mur- be tor Ukraine to all political groups of the entsectors of society. imprisoned dered, and 250,000 Chilean resistance, and also Whereas in the past years there THE NATIONAL few days! Stalin -that is in a released to the world press. was evidence of a distinct division be would be green with envy. between the program of action put forward, and the action itself, re- The fact that the Argenti- 5) that the executive consider cent developments in the groups AND nian ABN went out of its way for publication the report pre- and committees tends towards a to welcome the butcher Pino- pared by the commission of in- balance of the two. Emotional his chet to power, and solicit quiry. The precedes of the name-calling at somewhat sponta- THE SOCIAL unequivocal support deserves sale of this report be given in neous demonstrations is replaced condemnation from aJJ Ukrain- resistance, with a programme of speaker aid of the Chilean ians with a modicum of demo- tours, conferences, seminars and Chilean refugees. vexing cratic consciousness. The tra- workshops. Compromises are be- The question of the rela- tive importance ot this situation is that coming more evident between the of national and gedy social behalf various groups within the Ukrainian rights is a bogus problem. these people speak on / realize that within the Uk- The struggle for the improvement Canadian community. For the first ot the 'whole Ukrainian nation' community be of rainian this will time groups of diverging opinions man's condition in an unjust and Ukraine, and drag the name of very much an 'explosive' issue oppressive twen tie th cen Wry in- are collectively co-ordinating and national li- Ukrainians and the and that there will he pressure sponsoring future volves his welfare as a whole: action on the beration struggle in Ukraine psychological on SUSK to avoid taking such question of dissidence in Ukraine. and social, spiritual of tilth. and into the worst type course action. But it is Perhaps the one and only impor- material, national and inter- a ot national. Let me assure you that this tant point on which the groups Just as it is impossible to exactly this kind of reticence im a gine social escapade by the Argentinian agree is the necessity of defending justice withou t to condemn openly scandalous national left tew people in all political prisoners struggling for justice, it should be impos- ABN has political behaviour that has sible to imagine the Uk- democratic and social rights. a happy nation Chile sympathetic to led to a situation where the Currently, a Toronto based group without social justice. rainian cause. Argentinian ABN's actions re- Too much stress the national has begun a campaign in defense of on / think this is an extreme- 1 hope leads to a main unchallenged. Leonid Plyushch. The decision to policy of ethnic cultural ly serious matter which de- executive will act boldly or linguistic exclusiveness which is your pick L. Plyushch as a case to be serves a response not only self-defeating. A modem nation to correct this state ot affairs. highlighted in defense work is moti- from individuals, but from Uk- must allow for the co-existence of vated both by the prisoner's misfor- rainian organizations commit- various cultures, tune (which is as bad ethnic groups, as that of ted to democracy and justice. Moroz) and by his impeccable races and languages within its boun- Yours sincerely, bio- think the voice ot orga- daries. I also graph y. He is a ma thema tician, known and nized Ukrainian students must respected by the A mature national consciousness B. K. Moscow group of be heard on this issue. World dissenters and has should include an awareness of been involved public opinion, and in particu- with them in the social problems and vice versa. A former president struggle for legal and civil SUSK rights for large number of groups working on lar the Chilean people must be some time. every aspect of Ukrainian political informed that there are other The fact that the West as yet life and a vigorous debate on impor- Ukrainians who sympathize ABN- Anti-bolshevik lacks any substantial literature writ- tant questions is not a sign against of and support their fight Block of Nations ten by the dissenter is a disadvan- dissipation of energy. On the con- tage in presenting him vividly to the trary, in a mature, healthy and Canadian public but is also an well-developed political life this advantage in a defense campaign should be taken for granted. which concentrates on an individu- al's human rights and the judicial "" In February Phil Berrigan and farce of which he is a victim. Terry L iddle will tour Canada 1 The issue is clear-cut in this case speaking on the question of the (without the culture versus politics political opposition in Ukraine. One $2.50 complied tion of the Hnatiuk hopes that this will further stimu- $5.00 action) and should elicit support late the ongoing debate within the £1-50 and publicity from all sections of Ukrainian community and outside it. Canadian society. , 1975 PAGE
Ukrainians ask Pinochet to defend Moroz
For over a year the Chilean people have period. Augusto Pinochet has been officially him work there for his 'chosen' regime. been suffering under the most heinous milita- named "chief of the nation." Perhaps such a humanitarian and positive ry oppression. The Chilean Junta after over- He announced that he would rule for five stand by general Pinochet will have a great throwing the Allende government in a bloody years and perhaps even longer, thus dispel- effect on the future of Ukrainian political coup, announced a state of emergency, and ling any ideas of a return to some form of prisoners in the USSR. Chile, by defending stated that it would continue for an indefinite democratic government. these prisoners in the Soviet Union, becomes
our ally in the fight for human rights for all During July and August of this year, the those who are being harrassed in Ukraine. Junta stepped up its program of arresting Therefore, Ukrainians in the Free W orld former UP* supporters. The government has should support the action which general set up a new secret service — DINA — the Pinochet has proposed, freedom for Soviet Board of National An ti—Communist Investi- and Cuban political prisoners!" gations. The newly appointed assistant
director of DINA, Walter Rauff, is a former This approach of the Ukrainians to the Gestapo Colonel. Rauff is held responsible Chilean Junta on behalf of Moroz can only be surpassed by the collaboration of for the deaths of thousands in Poland, Yugo- some Ukrainians with fascist slavia, and Ukraine. He was in charge of Germany during the mobile gas chambers for the Central Office second World War. To approach a government that has consistently since it came into for the security of the Reich, head of the power, refused* to allow basic democratic concentration camps at Ravensbruck and rights to the Chilean people, is abhorent. iRavenstein, and later director pf the security
police in Tunisia and Milan.
The achievments of these two men are numerous. After just a few days in power, 30,000 were executed and another 50,000 imprisoned. The DINA continuously search- es for militant workers, peasants, and intel- lectuals, who are ideologically in opposition to the present regime. The living standards of the Chilean people have been rnnsistent- worsening even though foreign imperialist powers have been sending economic aid to the Junta. Unemployment is at a record high at 20% which is the highest unemployment This kind of opportunism on the part of the rate since the 1930' s. Junta and the Delegation can not be support- The reason that these atrocities in Chile ed by any Ukrainians in the Free World who being presented now, is because it has are believe in the basic ideas of human and de- come to the attention of the Ukrainian com- mocratic rights. In fact all Ukrainians should munity in North America that a group of openly condemn this action and give their Ukrainians had approached the Chilean Junta support to the resistance in Chile, which is and asked them to come out in defence of fighting to overthrow this Fascist regime. Valentyn Moioz and other political prisoners. We Ukrainians have more in common with the They congratulated Pinochet on the first an- resistance, and can be sure that the support niversary of the overthrow of the Allende from them would be a principled and sincere government. defence rather than a political ploy by a government to exploit the issue for its own As reported in "Homin Ukrainy," it sounds gains. that the Ukrainian representatives condone i.p. the actions of the Chilean Junta in their bloody overthrow of the government in 1973. *UP - UN/DAD POPULAR In the final paragraphs of the article, they give an excuse of why they approached the A unity ol ditlerent parties which formed coup, it ^ Chilean Junta. "If someone does not like the government in Chile betore the the existing regime in Chile, let him go to a ranged from members ol the Communist Party country whose regime he agrees with, and let to members ol the Christian Democratic Party.
ANDRIJ SEMOT1UK Many of the ideas expressed in BOHDAN KRAWCHENKO this paper were those of: multiculturalism MIRKO KOWALSKY AND THE Ukrainian worker Canadian group, immigrant or non-Canadian. The Tin* lust decade has witnessed tians and Jews Such events consti- through the perspective of Ri- the Ukrainian tu the policy of multicul- basis of this contention is the fact the proliFeration ..( tin- multicul- tuted landmarks for increasingly lingualism and Riculturalism ig- win not considered a thai membership in these groups turalism movement tin tin- Canadian Frequent attempts to define a doc- nored the multicultural and multi- tlism can he the most part Canadian born political forum. This movemenl re- trine, based on an analysis of Ca- lingual reality of the Canadian ss movement is For doctrine of The Ukrainian Canadian Community ceived its firsl coherent expression nadian hislorv through the per- society and relegated members of ,'he the proposition vvhiell iks among the highest of in iiideii speech to the Senate spective of etlmo-eultural groups minorit) groups to a second class on minorities in terms of of minority ; dl cult I in 1'ini b\ a newly-appointed and on the assumption of some position The fourth volume of thai the existence , value intrinsic of this Commission did groups with their respective the percentage of its total mcmbc Seiiiilni Di I'aul i /\ k In arguing humanistic to cul- the Report etlu figures in the tural diversity, wJiich would provide hi dispell these arguments. lodes oF community life should not .hip born in Canada, ,,, 1 1,. acknowledgement of the nothing transient pheno- NO', bracket It 5 the prevalence recognition "I the enn'triliutions of a system of action- related-ideas de- Lobbying with the government began ie considered a of the popularised idea which im- [|. inni-Kntdisli. non-Kreiieh ethno- signed to improve the receptiveness m the summer of 1970 with the iienau, vestiges of immigrant plies between being! of the total social svstem to a growing Ukrainian Canadian group taking •roups not vet fiilh adjusted to the the equation i i ill in n immunities to the social, that life Instead 'they Canadian and speaking Knglish ITI and political development cultural phiralsim". In 1965, the tlx- lead ranadian win of for the creation 1'oarsnn came out with In luiuld be regarded as integral, lias been responsible ..I Canadian siieie'tv. lie also articu- Covehiinent October 1971, Prime Minister largely unrecep- for the Royal Triidcau a multi- iilhle cultural entities that have oF an environment lalcd a historical!) based justifi- the terms 'of reference pronounced Canada to maintain their distinct Uve to the existence of these min- eaiion lor the recognition of these Commission on Rilingualism and cultural country within a Rilingual [niggled while tn the over- groups as integrated vet cul- liicullnralisin. criticism from I ran iew in k Despite the seeming dc es adapting ority ml This was t lie- evoking to turally distinct social entities,: * ol the of these respoifslvencsN i.l both and ill milieu and contributing Ca- Firsl statement urging tin- adoption some spokesmen Federal development. The and subsequently for their gradual vvavs ensure the survival and minority communities'; thai the "IVoVilK ial gover cuts; all of these social is: doctrine re- development of these communities, Framework provided For the Commis- allempts (will, the exception of ihverse ol this (he othei hand. concrete was loo limited biased \lberta) could at thai point he eels the traditional association of On the tli i'ir languages, traditions, folkways, sion and " nit as with V it be that MENDE- At Ontario's educational tel- ZENNIA refusal to run any promos evision network, ONTARIO ED- LUK'S UCATIONAL COMMUNICA- for the recent DMYTRO HNA- daily TIONS AUTHORITY, (Channel TIUK'S concert on her PROMETHEUS PROGRAM is 19-UHF) in Toronto, one of the instrumental in management's current programming priorities action? Tsk tsk formulating a multicultu- unjustifiable is in REDHEAD! ral programming policy. Accor- CARL ding to RON KEAST, Opeo Sec- CITY-TV (Channel tor Supervisor, numerous multi- Toronto's for its break- cultural programming proposal s 79 — UHF), renown multilingual broad- are presently being evaluated through in over 20 with the hope of operationalising casting, now offers programming in these by the start of the new hours of weekly fiscal year, April 1st. Already ITALIAN, GREEK, PORTUGE- languages,or last year, OECA had attempted SE AND CHINESE total weekly to respond to the everyday prob- roughly 30% of its lems of integration encountered output. At present, applications by new Canadians, with a week- for programming slots from the ly educational soap opera series POLISH, RUSSIAN, GERMAN, called, CASTLES ZAREMBO. MACEDONIAN and DUTCH com- munities are seriously being considered. In view of this, it seems inconceivable that the Metro Toronto Ukrainian com- foZNQV/ munity, With a market potential ' jADjUSf/VdilR^ SET of over 75,000 viewers, along <- economic base, /> // ,/ ./ / >/ S/\ with a strong WE CONTROL.THE llXAG'E . has up till now failed to gener- WE JTONTROir THE, S.OUND I ate any serious pecuniary com- f mitment to this essential com- munity project. that the best well-kept secret these Back in November, PATRICK It seems NOWLAN, Conservative M.P. days in Canada is the price-tag for CBC's new (Annapolis Valley), claimed to identification symbol. CBC SYMBOL PROJECT. * have inside information that the COORDINATOR, JACK LUSHER, claims that CBC cancelled a television pro- implementation costs for the symbol are surpris- contrary, gram on former Soviet Premier ingly low, despite rumours to the with ranging from 5 to 20 NIK IT A KHRUSHCHEV at the estimates MILLION DOL- request of the SOVIET EMBAS- LARS. Even the designing firm, BURTON KRA- which also de- SY. Regarding rumours that the MER ASSOCIATES of Toronto, CBC went ahead and advertised signed the CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS lid project. What- the ' 'Khrushchev Remembers" logo, is keeping a tight on the new special back in 1972, CBC In- ever the price to Canada's taxpayers, the formation section chief KNOWL- symbol is undoubtably attracting a lot of atten- people wondering, what does TON NASH said he didnt re- tion, leaving most official CBC interpretation member any ads for it, nor was it represent? The he aware of any instances of the goes something like this; The central C, repre- the other partly Syny Stepiw Soviet Embassy exerting pres- senting CANADA, along with dispersing towards the perimeter. sure. Since then, in a clarifying -obscured C's statement, Nash said, "The pro- recording Lister Sinclair In the wake of the gram was dropped when negotia- success of Montreal's RUSHNY- '. tions with the distributor, TIME- CHOK orchestra, many of that LIFE broke down regarding edit-- CBC has announced that former executive city's folkloric music ensembles ing rights." Patrick Nowlan vice-president, LISTER SINCLAIR, will take are also entering the lucrative says the issue was brought to over new duties as VICE-PRESIDENT OF PRO- market of the growing UKRAIN- GRAM POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT, begin- his attention when the question IAN RECORDING INDUSTRY. of another documentary, entitled ning January 1st, 1975. In this top policy post, Among these is youngfolk singer, KGB was raised in private dis- Mr. Sinclair will direct the formulation of current LUBA KOWALCHYK, who last cussions with CBC staff. The program policy and future program innovation summer cut her debut Ukrainian BBC-produced KGB documenta- and development. In the summer heat of 1973, 45 single, KAZKA, and the pop- ry, an excellent expose of the Sinclair made headlines with statements like, ular Ukrainian band SYNY STE- Soviet internal secret police "MULTICULTURALISM YES, MULTILINGUA- (Sons of the Steppes) whose was also rejected by the CBC LISM NO!", after banning spoken GAELIC from PIW, first is now in second pres- and picked up by the indepen- MACTALLA AN EILLEAN, a 60 minute CBC album sing as a result of the volume of dent Toronto station, CITY-TV. radio program originating from CBI, SYDNEY, FOLK- Meanwhile, the CBC produced NOVA SCOTIA. His justification for excluding initial sales. YEVSHAN director and broadcast a program called third language programming is based on Section LORIC PRODUCTIONS "THE FIFTH ESTATE", which 3 of the 1970 BROADCASTING ACT, which con- BOHDAN TYMYC, who produced it's only alleges certain things against tradicts both the 1970 OFFICIAL LANGUAGES the recordings, believes the NATIONAL " RESEARCH ACT, (protecting non-official languages from a question of time before Ukrain- hits the COUNCIL as a CIA front. discrimination) and the 1971 FEDERAL MULTI- It's cute what is it ? ian folk-styled music In CULTURAL POLICY. It seems distressingly English TOP 40. the meantime, After Quebec, Ontario, B.C. ironic that any prospective multicultural and YEWSHAN FOLKLORIC PRO- and Alberta, Saskatchewan is- multilingual programming proposals would now DUCTIONS is considering furt- the latest province to set up its require the final approval from Lister Sinclair. her recording endeavors with educational television network, reflects Canada's unifying communications sys- LUBA KOWALCHYK, THE PRO- known as SASK MEDIA. Several This summer, under the auspices of the tem spreading out to all corners of the country. MINIA SEXTET, TRIO KONVA- top level positions are open, in- UKRAINIAN CANADIAN UNIVERSITY STU- Regardless of whether the symbol looks more LIA and CHEREMOSH ORCHES- cluding General Manager, Head DENT'S UNION, an OPPORTUNITIES FOR like a cross between a psychedelic pommegra- TRA, as well as scouting talent of Program Development, Pro- YOUTH study, known as the MULTILINGUAL nate and a T^x-made sheet pattern, let us hope in Canada in an attempt to pro- exis- duction, Program and Distribu- BROADCASTING PROJECT attempted to assess that CBC's new external image will herald real- duce a live recording of the tion Services, as well as various the need and desirability for thirdlanguage broad- istic internal programming policies, i.e. multi ting Ukrainian bands. Send re- ancilliary production and pro- casting amongst five Toronto non- anglophone lingual programming. Incidentally, the intricate sumes and demo-tapes to YEV- gramming posts. Although dead- communities; GERMAN, GREEK, ITALIAN, PO- second television animation of the symbol SHAN FOLKLORIC PRODUC- line for application is JANUARY LISH & UKRAINIAN. In a preliminary report sub- was produced by VLADIMIR GUTSULMAN, the TIONS, P.O. BOX 125, MONT- federal 31ST, word has it that qualified mitted last month to the MULTILINGUAL Russian-German president of CbNERA PRO- REAL, P.Q. H2E 3L9. candidates will be considered BROADCASTING STUDY GROUP, the findings DUCTIONS in Toronto. We would joyously appreciate confirmed the need after this date. Apply to LARRY of the study and desire for any comments, items, info, etc. DI- multilingual broadcasting, and recommended, K. YOUNG, EXECUTIVE In a recent surprise move, management at involving tv, radio, film,, and things, a policy RECTOR, SASKATCHEWAN among other CRTC implementing CHIN RADIO in Toronto has unceremoniously recording, you might feel in- broadcasting via EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICA- third language special CBC- shifted the weekly Ukrainian youth programs; the clined to contribute to ME- TIONS AUTHORITY, 12TH operated UHF and AM—FM channels, as well as ODYM, MYNO and UKRAINIAN STUDENT'S DIAGRAM. Keep smiling. FLOOR, AVORD TOWER. RE- government sponsored access to CABLE TEL- PROGRAM from the traditional late Saturday MEDIAGRAM, c/o STUDENT facilities. An in-depth report on the timeslots on desira- GIN A SASKATCHEWAN. S4P - EVISION morning AM to the less than 394 Bloor St., W. Suite 04, next issue. 2Y8. study in the ble early Saturday evening slots on FM. Could Toronto, Ontario. PAGg? , 1975 Ihor Kordiuk . , - ,,- , .- . - , - -' .-Y ., — - ."", . - , , - , - ,v - , -- , ,,- ,. - . Y - , - - , - ., - ..--- . - , ', - - ,. - ., - , — , - , , - . Y - . , , -- - . -- . - ',. , , - v .- ' - ', ., , — . , , - -- ,. ,-- — - , , - 1974 . . — - to that warming touch caressing smile - generous mother in the sky „ ' to the cherished company of the stars ...... source of yesterday ...... destiny of tomorrow to the nocturnal journey of elusive encounters • •' through worlds of curved alphas spaceless time to the virtuosos of thought and sound electronic minstrels of our time • to the symphony of sounds we cannot hear , spectrum of visions we cannot see 4 does it matter to allan watts who asked ] only to discover he already knew the answer .• to the lingering memory . . of inviting glances muguet fragrances ...*...>. intimate whispers to the generations of ancestral freedom 1 making this whole experience possible BUT ESPECIALLY TO YOU " r - . making this whole experience laughable „ " on a day of reflection . . Yurko Bondarchuk . . 2/23/74 ) PAGE 6 , 1975 TWO PRISONERS BY phillip berrigan In an age threatened with mass at their release by Saigon, under business — so we have discovered. alist of deep Ghristian roots, acutely dream of every totalizator. An revenge »f Hie doomsday variety, our provisions of the Paris Peace And nobody turns a buck with the sensitive of the religious contri- obedient herd of cogs can be ter- it seems ridiculously redundant to Accords. Facility of Americans. bution to Ukrainian identity, ethnic med a parliament or an academic assert that neither a Christian nor Saigon, under our patronage, cm- II cohesion and folklore. According council and it will not cause any a Satyagrahi can have anything ployed torture against all 598, all In the Soviet Union, treatment of to him. one spiritual factor stands worries or surprises. A cog titled to do with revenge. And yet per- the women in the group had been politieal prisoners varies only super- between Ukrainian solidarity and professor or academician will never haps, nothing needs stating more. raped: all had been tortured in ficially. To be sure, the Soviet absorption by the Russians — sav anything new A herd of cogs Roth Christ and Gandhi forbade the genital region. Examination dis- brutalize their critics more crudely, Christianity. An essav in the RE- can be termed the Red Cross and because it violated the closed frightful injuries of a with revenge gyn- •and far less devinusness and PORT deals with this awareness. it will count calories in Africa but eeologieal truth of human unity under Cod s nature. rationalization. Moreover, with them, Now. he hovers near death, for- say nothing of famine at home. A Parenthood. and because it mistook But most shockingly. 87 of the (lie "torture"" imprisonment and of ce-led intravenously. His wife cog v\ ill shoot whomever he is solution to marginal prisoners were tortured on wounds. political is violence as a prisoners not a regret- is denied access to him on any ordered to, unci then at any order conflict. (All conflict is marginal, was but one of those. some to Thu In able footnote foreign investment. regular basis, she is ruthlessly 'will fight for peace. Last and most none essential. cases, kerosene was poured on It is so 'with us, with regrets harassed by the KGB, and is reduced important, it is safe to introduce And so, just as one must forego stumps and wounds set afire. In voiced only infrequently. to depression and paranoia by an\ constitution and. - grant any revenge individually, one must also of the course interrogation and Valcntyn Yakovych Moroz is a persecution and anxiety for him. rights alter transforming people into forego it socially or politically. One torture, barely knit were Ukrainian historian bones and nation- All this happens under the most cogs." p. 25 an insulting neigh- broken 1not beat up afresh, nerves pinched, alist, perhaps the most important devious and obscure pall of official How docs such as Stalin main- bor, one cannot send people to jail. muscles laid bare. political prisoner in the Soviet today misiii formation and falsehood. With tain.a nation of cogs? "Freeze it Ketween morality and fact, If a prisoner satisfied the in- Union. What so how- makes him arc two the release of the REPORT to — freeze it by icecold terror, by ever, lies a great distance — the terrogators, crippling might be av- characteristics; a clear, probing the West. his resistance (and his building a giant refrigerator for fact being American and Russian oided, If jiot, beatings became the mind and secondly, his. unrelenting book) ma\ have" cost him his human minds. Execution within 3 obsessions with iails. prisoners and rule, culminating with the threat resistance to judicial violations by life days after arrest, mysterious dis- especially, political prisoners. Dir- of amputation. Thu, slightly woun- the KGB" (the Soviet political 111 appearance during the night, exe- ectly or indirectly through client ded and able to stand at capture, police), to and the inhuman reality I wish to quote From the RE- cution for failing to fill quotas, regimes, the Superpowers have vir- wap left with a thigh stump of the Soviet penal system. PORT because I found it uni- camps like Kolyma from which tually cornered the market, a fact after two amputations. First arrested versal!) striking, qn 1965, while as applicable to then- is no return — these arc the which illustrates glaringly the nature Thu s stump is a finishing symbol which his doctoral thesis, Moroz Americans as to Russians. Basi- bricks with which Stalin constructed of a Superpower, which becomes looks backward at the arrogant served yrs. in 5 Mordovian prison cally, it is an attack upon "the to- his Empire of Terror. Terror filled itself by virtue of the lie, bullet, status of Superpower and the grisly camps for "anti-Soviet agitation talitarianism of culture (or lack the nights and days; terror hung in bomb, spy and lockup. price paid for it. Those who pay it and propaganda," Released in of its 1969, culture), and fearsome ca- the air: a single mention of it Nonetheless, the Superstate is most terribly arc the victims of denied employment, he was re- pacity to homogenize people through naralvzed the brain. Tbo objective the institutional product of the imperial wars and pogroms, and arrested in June, 1970 and again materialism, propaganda, police in-, was aclueveo; people were" afraid people's somnambulism, amnesia and political prisoners The Superstate sentenced illegally on the same tiniidutinn and official powergrub- to think; the human brain ceased greed. And so, the abuse accorded is no more than a gross mobilization bogus charges this biug. — time to 9 Once homogenized, people creating its own criteria and stan- political prisoners is ultimately, the ot privilege — a mobilization whose yrs. prison and 5 yrs. exile. become ripe for takeover by the dards, and regarded it as normal people's abuse, and a yardstick -of essence is the crippling of a help- Doubtless, the KGB has it "in" looters and bagmen of the Ameri- lo accept them ready made. Des- our revengeful childishness. less prisoner. By majority world for Moroz. (He it called a "para- can or Russian oligarchies. potism begins when people no Fham Tri personifies the Thu standards, the privilege is swollen site" apt to "devour even the despot The cog empowers the tyrant; longer regard coercion aimed at manner in which our inhumanities and princely. But the suffering is who reared it.") As his second prison the tyrant molds the cog. They them as evil, but begin to think coalesce into policy. Thu, 33, re- colossal. term began, the KGB placed him are the twin poles of harbarism; of it as a normal state of affairs." leased from Bien Hoa Prison in One commentary on the role of among common criminals in Valdi- together they can generate fan- p 21 early 1973, was arrested in March, the United States as Superpower mir prison and incited them against tastic levels of suffering destruc- Whatever Russians or Americans T9~68, wounded on the right ankle- is the fact that we jail, through him. One stabbed him four times tion. Moroz on "cog": "Stalin", might think of Moroz, saint, hero, was interrogated, tortured He and our mercenary regimes in Saigon, in the stomach — the wounds re- he writes, "is the creator of the madman {or any mixture of the threatened with amputation. Forty- nearly half of the world s political quired surgery. Following a limited cog he — invented the programmed three) he is no cog. And the rea- eight hours later, the lower third prisoners. figure hover The might recovery, his torturers threw him man. It is not difficult to imagine son Utr that is simple He strug- of his leg was amputated. Attempts near 250,000, including thousands into isolation and administered brain how much stronger this desire gled against intimidation by the at interrogation continued, so did' of children These political prisoners, damaging drugs. The hunger strike was 20 years ago when people Terror, its freezing of torture, his brain, and ten days later, his leg. like our war still ravaging South he began on July 1st of this year were eyewitnesses to mass execu- its will to reduce was him to a cipher. again amputated, this time at Vietnam and Cambodia, express was partly a protest against the tions and other horror; where He closes the REPORT with the upper third. the non-negotiable nature of im- illegality of his imprisonment. But one did not know in the evening this simple quotation, can guess "Truth has We that Thu was an perial privilege. Privilege is non- it was also a desperate measure where he would end up in the morn- long arms!" Obviously, he believed insurgent, captured after being woun- negotiable; so is total war, starva- to save his mind. ing. desire not be The to conspi- that Truth was stronger than ter- ded. He was among 598 political tion, rape, electric shock, torture on By resistance standards in the cuous in any way", to merge intoj ror; that it prisoners mysteriously guided the examined by medical teams wounds, Dcathdealing is good United States, MDroz was somewhat the mass, to resemble the next universe and humanity; that it of a curious case, Ideologically, we person in. order not to attract could empower one person to stand would label him a . constitution- attention, became universal. This against those 'who kill the body' alist (constitutionalists rarely re- 'meant the complete erosion of but only that The Russian man- sist in this country). But individuality. At Moroz one time the tlarins, and their KGB barbarians resisted, standing by die Soviet separation of the individual . from know this, and their powerlessness Constitution and its guarantees of the mass of matter meant the birth in face ot it. And so the dilemma dissent, due process, and the right of life, the origin of the organic becomes theirs and not Moroz's otsccession for republics like the world. Now the reverse process — free him or kill him. Either Ukraine That put him squarely began; the merging of individuals way, Moroz wins. Indeed, 'truth in opposition to "Russification," or into a grey mass, a return to a has long arm-.!' the Stalinist trend to homogenize massive non-organic, non-individu- But reflection on Moroz proves citizens into cogs. A victim of two al existence. Society was overcome useless we turn "cogs," "grey illegal "in camera" or "closed by Hie spirit of grey facclcssness. face less less and "terror" against trials, MorOz carried his resis- I remain an individual was con- ourselves in light of the cultural tance into prison, where he wrote sidered a crime. 'Who are you, a enslavement of this society. There |h~is special classic TtKPOKl FROM THE person?' I have had to listen is only numb silence from Ameri- BERIA RESERVE. (Cataract Press, to this question a dozen times before cans today at the national obsession 'Chicago, 1974). and after my arrest." (p. 22) with death — 100 billion annual Finally, Moroz is a cultural nation- He continues: "A cog is the military appropriations, perpetual 1975 , PAGE 7 war in Indochina. Schlesinger" s in- rishnrg, Camden. (lalTiesville and restore to itiatives in doomsday weapons, 250,- Wounded Knee So it's not terror meaning civilization and Thev lo one tiling other — these lo struggle For the race's survival 01)0 political prisoners in South that brings on the night sweats pulitical prisoners They stand as . l.el me in closing, judge \ irtnain. food as weaponry lor us: it's not terror that induces Thu against Hie last rampart between ourselves and by other political pris- I la- F<» less of the victims, siar\ — the whole range gelfidi it's and tot; / J terror Without these Without oners that l have known. Their nl hlnndv. imperial oxpedieiiev from not terror that prod ices consensus heroic v omen and men, we have urasp the imperative Fact that li- sole desire is that we possess our Chile to'the Middle K.i st. a bou I impotence, and the Finality cienee. no memory, no heratinn s resistance to the State lives: thai for us also, W'lii-n t'dines to violence as ol impotence. "truth has J[ conscious and no heart. With- wilhiii us. and the State without, lung amis," which enfold us with poliev and as control, the power- No. it s not terror that inhibits out them became like Tolstov's and thai to embark seriously, on indescribable strength security are having their — us and programs us; it s our tenacious and way an antheap that niinent course without is to define — a strength surpassing our as Nisi had his way: as Ford, hold upoii the deception of violence, own, ' <>" ants — suicides llUUKl i-ness. to embody truth, to a sccuritv no less than God's. Kissinger and the Junkers of the it's our modest share of the great, National Security Council are having violent grabbag that makes up their way. What arc we if not the American experiment in imperial "cogs frozen iutn "grev faceless- ripofr. it's that illusion that makes '" Nor ti> terror muiecessarv; that reduces us (• lis Iher lo gre\ Fucclessness. . In the V S there I been fidelity to instruction from reeeul tcr orthj (if the the State. Americans cherish what naiilc. This ci)iintr\ exports its ihev consider differences between lem.r, while tin- Sovli Is keep theirs life here and life in the Soviet at hoiue against d ssonters. This I'niou rhe\ speak passionately of eoiintiv esptirts it. as it (lid against "freedom here and totalitarianism the Japanese in |»4 i, against the there essentially, life does not Koreans, Doiiiinicans and Indo- differ in either Superstate — there, Innese later gre\ faceless less is imposed: here. (aanled. we've hud Hoover's is chosen. There the State coer- ( Immtei'intolligenee Program of HKiS ces one into numb neutrality: and Nixon's Huston Plan of 1970 here, the culture entices one into the •..nne hut e\ en lish entrapped in tuese yonditicm. That is why cling to vicious nets il happened to be we must nne n -reived comparatively mild people like I'biim Tri Tliu and Val- sentences and virtually no torture eutyil /. Thev remind us that beyond the ordinary humdrum of the ciinie of despotism is fed by the prison existence. crime of upathv. of captivitv lo leai. ol private and Granted, we have our political public self- ishness. They remind us that slave- police in the 1**1*1 the CIA. mili- lliaslers like Stalin and Nixon equal um intelligence and local '"red" main w slaves, squads, (aanled. we have so mailV and that to give moral amoobas like power political police that the> stumble them idvei one another, even snoop upon over life and death is to invite one another out of boredom Bui lhei*whips and shackles \n EASTERN CONFERENCE PROGRAMME Saturday, February 22nd eastern 10:00 a.m. - Lubomyr Kwasnycia (Secretary of State, Multicultural Programme) Continued from page 1 Canadian Political Parties and Grassroots Input or What can we, as Ukrainians, do, specifically, about approach is based on the premise that tailed framework has given SUSK the affecting the multicultural policy. together with an understanding of the longterm continuity needed to prevail ov- philosophy of multiculturalism and a er the organizational problems of con- Professor Bociurkiuv (member of the Ethnic Advisory comprehensive analysis stant turn—over. of the Ukraine Council to the Secretary of State and consultant to To attain these goals, SUSK has realiz- question, an ability to articulate de- External Affairs) effective approach is;lobbying mands on these issues and to aptly pre- ed that an External Affairs: Effectiveness of Informal Pressure sent these demands to various levels of with MP's; presenting briefs and posi- Methods and Formal Information Channels government is important in the realisa- tion papers to the CBC, the CRTC, the LUNCH tion of community aspirations. Secretary of State and relevant commit- spirit 2:30 p.m. Such an approach is timely. I n 1968, tees, and working up community Myron Spolsby, SUSK President - What specific issues Roman Petryshyn and Bohdan Krawchen- through fieldwork projects. are SUSK's Lobbying 0b|ectives. ko, then president of SUSK, initiated the "Sure, we're all for multiculturalism, but multicul- this philosophy and terminology of what exactly is it you want?" : Andrij Semotiuk, Initiator of SUSK's CBC Action Com- turalism, and started a momentum in the quairy from those in positions of power mittee - The Mechanics of Lobbying. community and government which elici- forced SUSK lobbyers to see multicultu- Lubomyr Djyia (President Ottawa ted the Liberal Government's Multicultu- ralism in terms of practical, well—arti- of the Professional and Businessmen's Association; Privy Council member, ral Policy in 1971. Since that time SUSK culated demands based on clear—cut former Counsel to Australia) - A Programme for the has been spearheading an action for the goals. This method was instrumental in Coalition of Professional Groups In the Ukrainian implementation of multiculturalism in the CBC action for multilingual broad- Community vis a vis Lobbying. legislation. Working on the axiom that casting, when SUSK, in conjunction with Canadian Polish Congress, DINNER culture retention is meaningless without KYK, the Federation presented a 8:00 p.m.- language retention, SUSK correctly fo- and the Italian brief of the CBC at the March cused in on the theory of multicultura- critical Vechirofe Canadian Radio and lism as inseparable from multilingualism. hearings of the Te- levision Commission; a motion which 11:30 o.m.- SUSK has translated this theory into directly resulted in the formation of a James Ferrabee (formerly reporter to the Montreal Star, practical aspects for its activities. four—par- Presently Parliament Hill reporter for Southan Press, These aspects have been articulated in- tite Committee to study the format — not advocator of third-group rights) - Political Journalistic to demands for multilingual broadcasting the need, of multilingual broadcasting. View of the Status of non-English, non-French elhno- on the Ukrainian language to be Without these types of tactics, SUSK CBC; cultures - An Assessment. have square'- offered as credited courses in public would likely remained at one over the past tour years, simply is- schools and universities; development of suing philosophical statements from the multilingual programmes for cable-cas- A member from the Secretary of State hierarchy may be office. present to descuss and defend trends in the Liberal 1973); and for a ting (Video-SUSK, sys- important at tnis time that SUSK's It is government's multicultural policy. tem of sustained grants given by govern- lobbying power be diffused throughout NOTE.' This programme is tentative because it is still' ment agencies for commun ity develop- the organization, in order that there at the planning stage. ment projects (LIP, OFY...). This de- Continued on page PAGE 8 , 1975 LEONID PLYUSHCH I. Plyusheh was bom in group protested the illegal and In 1972. ' May. Leonid Plvushch lal inslilutioii for the rest of bis identified as an anti-schizophrenic 19:59 in Ukraine hi his youth extra-legal persecution of dissen- was taken In the Serbskv Insti- life drug, liila/in. She fours. that Leonid suffered iishch fnim bone tu- ters in [he USSR Inle of fn.eii.sic Psychiatry in Mos- At Psychiatric Hospital has become so ill that doctors arc berculosis, a condition which has In IWH Plyusheh signed a cul- cow lor "psychiatric examination". si nee his sentencing Plyusheh afraid to let her visit him. (i ll him a partial invalid. He .stu- leclive petition in defense of Alex- a short investigation \ he was h.is been confined in the Special International Action To Save died nl the School nf Physics and ander . Cinshurg and Yuri Galaris- diagnosed as suffering from "crecp- Psvehialrie Hospital in Dnipropc- Plyushch's Life Mitt hematics nf Odessa University kov. who had been trieil in camera iug seh izoph renin with messianic i-msk. SSR (101 Chi- Hn i-ebruiiry. 1974. a group of .11 I completed his graduate work ami sentenced. In March of that and reformist tendencies". eherin St.). which has a partic- Moscow intellectuals, including An- at tin- kie\ University School of year Plyusheh wrote a letter to Illegal Trial ularly notorious reputation even drei Sakharov, appealed to the Mechanics and Mathematics. Un- l he editor of Knmsnimilskaya Pru- In December of 1972 Plyiishch among institutions -of this type. international community to save lil l9b'S I'lviishch worked at the vila protesting against their ille- was returned to Kiev to stand "Ihe director of this hospital is Plyushehs lib'. Asa result, the In- Institute of ( ;> liernetics (if the gal trials and sentences. For this I rial The trial, which began on I'mss. an official of the MVD ternational Committee of Mathema- I 'krainian nf Sciences, action Academy Plvushch was soon dismissed human . )7:3. was held in [Ministry of Internal Affairs). Here. lieians in Defense of Plyusheh was specializing in bin- and psveho- Ihe Institute of Cybernetics. Camera. with onh the witnesses Pb uslich is being "treated" by means buined in Paris. Academician oyberiielies has sc- I le He published was refused employment else- for Ihe prosecution in attendance. of powerful (buys not in connec- Sakharov appealed to the Inter- leral scientific studies Leonid is w here, and remained unemployed Nol onb were the family and tion -iih bis health, but in order to liational ( Congress of Mathematicians, married and has two until children, his arrest lm nds of Plyiishch barred from eradicate those socially-dangerous held in Vancouver in August 1974, a lonrleeti-\ ear-old Arrested daughter and alleildillg the trial, but Leonid psyclue deviations from the norm" lo defend Plyusheh. Mis letter was -vear-old son On Jamiarv 14. 1972. Plvushch Plyusheh himself was not allowed1 found in hull In the psychiatrists: Active Defender ,1.1.1m •d all participants in of Human Rights was arrested on charges under In he present, having been ruled Ihe petitioi together with such notable So- Article (>2 of the Criminal Code incompcteul In attend The psy- Plyushch's Health Deteriorates deleii if Plyusheh. signed by 900 vie'l intellectuals as academician of Ihe Ukrainian SSR ("anti-So- I'llialrie opinion, mentioned above, Rapidly Andrei Sakharov. lieiaus attending the < lon- physicist Valery viet propaganda and agitation") ".is considered In the ennrt which, In October. 1973, Plvushch was was telegraphed lo Chalidze, liistorian Pvotr Yakir Premier and Simultaneously, his wife Tetyana no Januarv 30. 197:3, sentenced transferred lo Ward 9 of the ^iri oilier Soviet inHleehials. others. Plyusheh was a was founder- dismissed from her position Pb lisllell (o confinement in a psv- hospital. Thereafter, his health mi a bb Tatyuna Khodorovich lucnihcr of the Initiative Group for wild (he Ministry of Kducation clnalric hosjiital of the "specia'l- began I" deteriorate rapidly as a „I ihe recently expelled Pavel the Defense nl Human Rights in where she bad been employed for 'cginic type for all indefinite per- rest ill ol treatment"' During his bttvhiov. have also been engaged I he USSR R\ sending petitions twelve veins. These events Iclt iod of I In effect, the sen- w ife's \ isit on October 22, Ply- in an active defense campaign to save I Sr In he »\ iel govern men t and various Plyusbeh and his family without tence empowers Soviet authorities usheh had difficulty speaking, Plyusheh \s lib- world bodies and organizations, this am means of support In keep Plyusheh confined in a men- -lie convulsively swallowed saliva Latest Report and told his wife that he was no In the latest of bis now very longer phvsicalb capable of writing infrequent telephone communica- lelte.s. tions wilb the West, academician Plyusheh In Critical Condition Andrei Sakharov passed on the Doi' lo continued treatment with most recent information regarding \arious drugs, Plvushch lias become Plyusheh in a conversation with Simas critical!} ill Kudirka- bis When wife was ihe { loimnittce for the Defense allowed to see him again in March. of 1 'krainian Political Pirsoners on 1971. she found him unrecogniz December 29. 197-1 "As vou sailor able: formerly thin man. he was kno- Pbiisbch's wife diowed who swollen with In defected oedema, could move see He has . trans- his legs onb with great Simas Kucfirka was born in officers disappeared. After notic- documenting the arrests and re- difficulty ferred lo a ward for psychopaths and was completely unable to read containing more thin twenty Lithuania and worked as a radar ing that the American delegation pressive measures of dissidents, pu- or write. According to reliable re- tients w bo i|re permanently ag- operator at sea for twenty years. had already boarded their ship, was announced by Kovalev last I ports, he is being subjected to in- gressive Thcr io one is able to ' Unable to acquire a pass which he immediately leaped into an A- May, that it is restored and being sulin therapy with the apparent aim p or rest F< even a minute, would allow him to enter_ foreign merican lifeboat (which was situ- distributed. His arrest was a re- of producing insulin shock. Recent, Hie lights on constantly reports indicate ports, Simas was transfered onto ated between the two ships) and sult of this challenge to Soviet that Plyusheh is and the patients are under round- being administered large doses of a the-clock surveillance. other boats prior to reaching a found himself face to face with authority. On the eve of the new Plv.ushch's drug identified as haloperidol. in wife is now iii the process of start- port. a KGB agent He managed to es- year, Sacharov made an appeal on December. 1974. Tetyana Plvushch a court action against the On November 23, 1970, Simas cape the agent by scrambling a- behalf of Kovalev for the release expressed fears that the hospital doctors. She asks international jur- was working his regular shift authorities on board the American ship and hi- of this dissident. are "consciously and in- ists and psychiatrists to join in this board lenlionalK a Soviet Lithuanian ship ding in a closet. When the Ame- murdering" her husband action, lo demand transcripts of the " news In heavy injections of mind- ease and lo that was scheduled to receive an rican captain became aware of In light of this about express support for her I'ing drugs, one of which she court action American delegation to discuss Simas' presence on board, he Plyusheh, the SUSK National the fishing rights with the Sovi- gave orders for his immediate Executive is proposing the fol- ets. He had not planned to es- capture and expulsion. After a lowing: cape until an incident provoked lengthy search, he was discov- 1) that in the month of February his decision. When the two ships ered by KGB agents who there- were all members of SUSK circulate a pe- at a distance of six feet a- upon tried to persuade him that tition, among in part, campuses defence of sailors from both ships be- life in the West was not "sui- gan throwing Leonid Plyusheh with the final text items to each other, table" for someone like Simas. and signatures being published exchanging cigarettes, in the clothing At this point, the Americans quiet- and souvenirs. university press and progressive news The Soviet cap- ly exited the room, thereby mis- papers across Canada, with copies tain watched this without inter- sing the beating and gagging of, sent to the Prime Minister of Canada, fering until an American sailor the escapee. Simas was taken , the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, threw over a bundle of American back to the "USSR, charged with the Secretary of the CPSU and the magazines onto the Soviet deck. treason and given 10 years in la- Soviet Attorney-General of the USSR, sailors scrambled for the bour camps. He spent six months magazines and quickly disappear- in various camps before he was 2) that literature tables be set up in ed into their central locations at all university cabins. Immediately transferred to Vladimir prison for the captain defence gave the orders to ap- protesting the cruel treatment of campuses with the petition in prehend the sailors stating that a 19 year-old Ukrainian student, of Plyusheh, materials on him and they would never see the sea a- Sopilyak. The youth had been ar- other political prisoners and dissi- gain. Hearing this Simas walked rested and given 12 years for pos- dents. to the boarding bridge and began sessing a Ukrainian flag and a 3) that in conjunction with the tours to talk to an American sailor. Not banner with the words, "Wake up across Canada by Phillip Berrigan knowing the if American under- Ukraine, you are not a slave!" and Terry Liddle, a massive poster- stood his intentions of jumping, in each Simas was imprisoned in Vla- ing campaign be conducted he wrote a note in English, dimir with the prison for 3 months, until it city and that in conjunction (which he picked up through his was discovered that his mother press attention given Berrigan and experiences as a radar operator). was an of Plyusheh be American citizen. It was Liddle, the case The note that Simas will only stated a matter of time until he was, brought out in its fullest. jump the ship when the American finally released to the West, Ill delegates were back aboard their through the efforts of the '! scient- ship. Simas inserted the note in- ist Sergei Kovalev, a founding World f I'rce Ukraiu |)| i,, ,11,, Plyusbeh. He docs to a cigarette package and threw member of the Initiative Group Suite 1701 not appear in the for The \nierl in National Red Gn records ol the psychoneurological it to the American. The American for the Defense of 22(H) onge Slrcel Human Rights has ilt |yised lis that thev ha hospitals iu 'Dnepropetrovsk received the in lovouto Ontario nor message and nodded, Moscow. Kovalev, also received .1 a mem- report from the Allian.. docs bis name appear M IS 2C(i in the city thereby demonstrating for ber of the "I Red (loss ;„„| support Soviet chapter of Am- R(4 | Crescent records. I refer to vol correspondence Simas' action. By this time nesty International, Societies ol U S S R. and report Simas was arrested "iih Yours sincerely, the A.ucric National Red the was due back at last billowing concerning Dr. Plv- his post and December 27. The Chronicle t "oss E.D. Price j Concerning the internment ushch: watched the deck until the KGB of Current Events, a publication Director International Affairs . , , 1975 PAGE 9 A PROPOSAL FOR AIM ALLIANCE OF NON- ZIONIST JEWS The persistent fascination exerted upon tigates the role and impact of right-wing natio- For the Ukrainian nationalist the past period, all Jews have been identified with parties by the "solida- nalist ideology on the broader issues off asocial the Israeli state simply because they were Jews. rity" of the Jewish community is based upon a In fact, justice and human progress. a Jew who did nol identify with the interests of the Israeli fiction which fails to take into account the eom-~ state was considered to be a self-hater. We reject the plexities of Jewish cultural, slander religious and politi- The following article questions the Zion- of the Zionist establishment which equates critics cal life. of ist "solution" to the Jewish problem and inves- Zionism with anti-semites. We consider the tight The rise to political hegemony the against anti-semitism not to be identical with Zionism. of The author.... nationalist parties after the In fact Zionism can be seen as an escapist diversion from war, their gravita- Abbk' Weisfeld is a graduate student in Political fighting tion towards a reactionary anti-semilism as shown by the fact that Israel's politics and, in recent Science at York University in Toronto. He is an active ally, ex-president Nixon, years, the raising of turns out to be an overt anti- dissenting voices among member of the Socialist League and a former member of semite (as shown by the revelations in the Nixon tapes), young people are parallelled the NDP. in both the Jewish He has a degree in physics and is presently and America's highest ranking military officer, General and Ukrainian communities. working in the area of Jewish Nationalism. George Brown publically affirmed anti-semitism recently. The reason thai critical Jews are considered self -haters is based on the belief, in Zionism ideology, that Has Zionism solved all non-Jews are conscious or the question of anit-semitism for It appears to us that not only has the Zionist move- potential anti-semites. Thus our generation? Can we say that today we are provided ment failed any solution to the Middle-East crisis to advance social goals it claims for its that rejects with a cover of safety by of Israel? objectives, the view that non-Jews are inevitably anti-semitic the mere existence but moreover its practical effect has created • but The central historic accepts them as potential allies in claim made by the Zionist move- a historic trap for the Jewish people. The Israeli state the struggle against anti-semitism is labelled ment since its inception until this very day is that the now faces a prospect of continued war with peoples as being a rejection ofJewish- ness. As a consequence creation of the Jewish Slate in Palestine, would provide increasingly unified and organized, with mounting of this sectarian attitude towards non-Jews, Zionism removes Ihe only solution to the Jewish Question. Moreover, the support throughout the world. The consequences can the need to consider the national rights of the Palestinians, and left wing of the Zionist movement claimed that the imple- only be tragic. They may likely involve the mutual use of in fact engenders a racist altitude towards Palestinians mentation of the Zionist enterprise could lead to the tactical nuclear weapons. What twist of logic con- and Arabs in general. While seeking a path social emancipation of the Jewish workers and farmers, siders thai ihe solution to the Jewish question could be to Jewish self-deter- 1 mination, both those in Zionists have denied that very same right existence and those who emerge through realized b y the record of the Israeli state ? That is: to the Palestinians. the creation of the state. 1. The Israeli leaders have turned their state into a In place of the "law of return" for every Jew, we would ralher Largely on the basiTof these claims, the Zionist move- military lortress at war with all the nations surrounding seek a solution for Palestinian self- determination ment came to comtuand the allegiance and active sup- and therefore a solution to the continual war in the Middle-East port of millions of well-meaning humanitarians, liberals, 2. The material costs of Israel's war policy have been by supporting the "right to return" every and social-democrats both Jews and non-Jews, through- increasingly loaded on to the backs of Israeli workers for Palestinian instead. Whereas in the pasl, discussions in Canada of the theory and reality out the world. The Zionist enterprise has also during its (through inflation rate of about 35% and the devalua- of Zionism has been overwhelmingly weighted in favor history gained the active support of many powerful insti- tion of 43% which has resulted in the current crises) while of Zionism, the developing contradictions tutions, governments, and states which commanded the at the same time a new, generation of millionaires has of that point of view and the Mideas,l situation, especially after concrete power to insure the establishment of Israel. In risen to prominence and political power. the Ocioher War, arc demanding and producing fact, without the support of these, the Zionist enterprise 3. Israel's "black-skinned" Jews are suffering from critical re- evaluation of the propositions that underlie would have remained no more than a Utopian fantasv. oppression and miscrv in the white dominated social the status quo. intend structure. We to assist in the process of political Until the holocaust, Zionism had little basis to claim clarification and to express a non-Zionisl opposition any kind substantial support among the world- 4. Despite Israel's claim to be democratic, it still has in the policies of the Zionist enterprise. in force dispersed Jewish population. The historically unpara- a series of emergency regulations imposed' in its lime llelled, systematic attempt to physically annihilate the by British Imperialism and characterized by European Jewish population during the Second World Zionist leaders at the time of "fascist laws". 5. The Israeli state, War was decisive in their stampede towards Zionism, since its inception, has been allied with even though the Zionist leadership refused to fight to the most reactionary forces on a world scale. (The open (to Jewish refugees) the doors of even one country Zionist Organization of America can quitecorr- eclly state - except for Palestine. in its open letter to Nixon published in the July In actuality this compliance with the = I consider your government's treatment of Leonid I. Plyushch, the 34-year- ternationally known literary critic, has been old Ukrainian scientist presently incarcerated under the most inhuman harassed, arrested, and imprisoned, and has = and dangerous conditions at the Special Psychiatric Hospital in Dnipro- suffered economic reprisals at the hands of the petrovsk, Ukrainian SSR, to be a direct violation of his human rights and Kremlin bureaucracy for his outspoken de- = a dangerous affront to the principle of peaceful coexistence. 9 of rights of the Ukrainian people, = For the sake of the continued improvement of international relations, fkJb fence the to their right to self-determination, and = particularly between Canada and the USSR, I urge your government LEONID PLYUSHCH including E restore to Leonid Plyushch his civil and human rights by granting him an im- for socialist democracy for all in the USSR. = mediate release. After being expelled from the Soviet Writers' Union and denied employment in his profession, he was arrested and sentenced to Signature five years imprisonment. Heavy pressure for- ced him to recant his ideas, and he was re- leased in November 1973. Address Internationalism or Russification? has won international recognition as a major, popularly written work documenting the oppression of national minorities in the USSR. Clip and Mail Alexander n. yakovlev, U.S.S.R. AMBASSADOR TO CANADA, : A Monad Press Book distributed by the 285 CHARLOTTE STREET, Ukrainian Canadian University Students' OTTAWA, ONTARIO. Union, Index, LC 74-81955, paper ISBN Or KIN 8L5 913460-40-0. 288 pp., paper $2.95 ( 1.25) PAGE 10 , 1975 Continued from page 7 exist the fullest possible member parti- cipation in the community—responsible work of SUSK. To involve other ethno-cultural commu- nities in working with government insti- THE KID KRAFCHENKO LEGEND tutions for the realization of the goals of multiculturaiism, delegations from stu- dent organizations of non-French^ non- English nationality have been invited to attend. This caucus of student organi- nisations will give cohesiveness of de- mands among the representatives, resul- ting in a strong, common position which can be presented more effectively before the government. The caucus could also act as a catalyst whose energy will tran- smit to the respective ethno-cultural communities. It can thus be seen that working together with other ethno-cultu- ral groups is tantamount to the success of further work in the field of multicultu- raiism. Since the conception of our identity as Ukrainian Canadians is necessari ly sustained by a life- line with the Soviet Ukraine, SUSK is deeply involved with maintaining that life-line by educational seminars and by printing informative ma- terials on the question of Ukraine. This concern, generated by Ukrainian stu- dents, is further exemplified by the ac- tions of several students' clubs in sup- port of Soviet dissenters in the form of hunger'strikes, petitions and appeals to the Canadian ana Soviet governments, which have had favourable response if not concrete results. Demnostrations, hunger-strikes, peti- tions, and appeals brought into consider- ation the problematic issue of effective- A police photograph widely circulated during the Vtnter of 1913-H. ly of informal pressure group methods as Printed without permission of the Ukrainian Canadian Historical Date Calendar compared to formal information channels. As work in defence of Soviet political prisoners During the winter of 1913-14 the City of is of a long-term strategic na- Germany and Italy. Shortly after witnessing the ture and is Winnipeg and all of Canada was startled by se- gaining increasing commit- 1905 revolution in Russia Krafchenko returned ment from the ries of escapades associated with the name mushrooming Defence to Canada where he continued his activities. He Committees, Jack Krafchenko. Born in 1881 in Romania tactical problematics gain of became implicated in a murder and was eventu- a huge importance. In light of this, Ukrainian parents, Krafchenko came to Canada ally a re- thrown in prison, where he escaped. An a- view and discussion of approach at the age of seven. After his release from the metho- ward of $11,000.00 was posted for the fugitive, dology, such as will be offered at the Penitentiary for writing bad cheques, he spent wha was caught in July of the same year and Eostern Conference is timely. the next few years robbing banks in England, hung by the neck. Marijka Hurko For a Free Independent Soviet Ukraine! CT)Z\EHTCbKA A SERIES OF ARTICIES ON THE QUESTION Saturday OF SELF-DETERMINATION FOR UKRAINE February 15 1975, by Leon Trotsky 8 P.M. 83-85 Christie st. from FORWARD PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION Toronto 85 King St. East, Toronto "the kozaks" 50( tickets: $3.50 - cesus Continued from page ~S isih ialb ... ininorih facilitate 11 lypiealK the following: languages and related lliclicr de|rrcc hcros introduction cultural stu- nf III „I societal 'life, i.e.: those Weill ntlv point mobility of minority dies In -or tlie conscious languages in the educa- general the doctrine 11I de- In II subjective peels societies miiich pertain and of one"; tional system us language of mands that the society's in- resources |iml,l 1 . In .ill individuals Kiel' often reirnrdlcss "f their ..ill I lislii icli vein's structiou: use of minority languages lie distributed equitably ! Ihe c\- among all n nil r nils 111.'\ ,1 clluiic affiliation child' iiniiii- — thus an ' .ll 11 I .4-- rate of 1- in CLJC Broadcasting and cultural groups so that the growth locial 111. NFB I'll! V claim II, minitni/ the importance nf etli- Him of is Production mid private and one mil to the detriment of in nl ll 111 Inn uttil 111 •s on the (leteruiinution of oppor- - '""| Iliculfiii lor 111, public radio programming; fin- another. tunities lor c illlillillilll nnirln-( la- .'liinliiim up the social liiii Cuiladiui mulip ancial government support of the ibe obverse of tins whole issue ladder, ll st' (if llli- while siinultuocousb enhan- rebellion UK ISl 111. fore.' ethnic pn-ss Other proposals is die ipiestion; In what extent is in- an iiiirih nil II* .11 Ihe colltiiiuatiiill '. 'II ffireinji and develop- iillililtion opi volved till the government financing individual's ethnic lirigin capable ment coiiuinuiilv In-twin tWIl .ill,'!- structures, etc. of eouiininiit) development ol affecting bis I li. liter- schemes, or her opportunities ll.lli\ However. Ihe response of IViVMl In L iiiuhtalh propos the ethnic f"v bee r nf inle- organisations and public inohilih within the over- eurrelil - mull 1 social, political cc. •Mill 111 'i- either iiniliiU! ami Ihe irifies I ,1 Ihe over- aid in the establishment of a uui- all .social, mil- fconniu.ic 1 eliles and political III,' iillioil III nut' s heritiuie assume that the choice nil political. 'CnnoniL and social Continued on page " , 1975 14 tion policy and certain realms of interested in the maintenance Canadian literat ure to find ample of the religious faith to the extent evidence of the doctrine ~ot Anglo- that it often meant the loss of cul- Saxon superiority in practice. tural^ identity. The inter-wave It is necessary at this point to was ! sligmly^ifterent. A larger "pro- make the distinction between cul- portion of these immigrants was tural and structural assimilation, — ' more highly educated and had - While the former refers to the pro- . left Ukraine for political reasons. „ cess of the absorption of the cultural In reaction to the situation in , behaviour patterns of the host- Ukraine they were interested in — society, the latter signifies - the pro- evolving some form - of community "„" cess of permeation of the society's structures to protect their , elite structures cultural 10- by the minority and . political interest, establishing ethnic groups. While in Canada schools, press and organisation. there has been a strong How- tendency ever, their offspring too, suffered a - towards cultural assimilation this „ considerable degree of language has not been met with a corres- loss and cultural assimilation. , ". ponding rate of structural assimila- . It is the - post-WWll Ukrainian , „ tion. The post-immigration minority emigre that has had - - ethnic, while having the greatest been — socialized vested . - — interest in the multicultural - " through the public educational , movement. lies On the average „ " 3 system, the media more - - and through , his highly educated, more intensely - - * peeF group, relations, adopts - the , nationalistic feeling the impending . — conventions , of this over-all society threat of extinction of the - into his Ukrain- - — own sub-community. „ In ian - nationality, they instilled into - , general, this has forced a return of , their children {more deeply than these individuals to their respective 1 5 Previous emigration) - " _. a sense , communities where they . take up of responsibility tor maintaining prominent positions as community - - th"e"4Jtra man" national , heritage and G leaders. This containment on the -»-- , for working . towards the periphery of these libera- ( , - , individuals has tion of Ukraine from -- ... to a certain extent counter-acted Russian op- —-- pression. Political differences with , . , „, limitative processes within previous waves of immigration coup- , - led , nadian society. with the fact that the post - It can thus be demonstrated that emigre tended to settle in the 15- - ur- - the advent of the nan centres of , - .- , multicultural Eastern Canada, en- niovement, : proposed mainly gendered the , , by mem- J East-West cleavage .-. - hers of my own community, must within the Ukrainian Canadian . ^ - com- /' "> mit be . * viewed simply as a con- munity. and subsequently hampered , ' , flict between forces of cultural the development , of a unified - na- — , assimilation but rather the tion-wide basis ,— , movement of support for the . must he comprehended as the out- movement. It , was not until the - -it - come middle , , ''. of reciprocal determination of the 1960's that the chil- - aud interaction between the pre- dren of post-war immigrants - started — vioitsb mentioned conflict and considering themselves Ukrainians 50 . society s inability to structurally and Canadians on - , - an equal footing , — . assimilate all <>f its minority ethnic a »d that a rapprochement of , - , sorts . began with the previous gencra- - , " „. Multiciilturalism as it stands pres- tions. . ently does seek to - not alter the It remains nevertheless impor- - structural foundations total - of the , tant to note that as long as 38- - the , , . social system but merely attempts main focal points of the movement - to 1- „ introduce reform within one within our community and thus , particular dimension — treatment , multiculturalism remain minority lan- of , - ' its cultural minorities. It accepts guages and their role in the Can- - the , . . basic values engendered by a adian social system, the issue as a , modern social , system based on the whole will remain a middle-class , —- . — " capitalist mode of economic activity, concern incapable of gathering .' „". ,, - , i.e.: the values of private enter- support. much working-class — prise, individualism '- - and achieve- It is when ' , only both our own - ' - ment. If cultural pluralsirn is community and the government , sufficiently legitimised, - each indi- realize: that an implementation of - 1970 . „- vidual s opportunities for social - - the policy of multiculturalism and ". mobility would no longer be de- : ,,3 , ". hence the full development of , termined by ascribed characteris- - - institutionally complete communi- , tics, but by his abilities and achieve- ties involve both social . - - and cultural , ments. The mode of appeal of the problems; that the cultural prob- - s leaders is indication movement an social „", - , lem is a problem and vice- . of the final aims of this policy. versa; , „- , and that the cultural qucs* The nature of movements' 1 . ". - the tion is as relevant to the factory ". strategy is understandable in light worker as it is to the rniddlc-class * - »„* , of the failure to develop a more office executive — only then will — '. - comprehensive analysis of the re- we see a true development ' -' ,, of the . | - -- lationship between the social class communities. In convincing the . -; structure and ethnicity and of the Ukrainian Canadian worker that , v - " -' - , -" consequences of this relationship his own social mobility is limited " — for any kind of political activity, by , - * cultural origins, his interest may - „ . '. (i.e. witness Quebec). be aroused. In providing services ..." ,1 , - A study of the Ukrainian Ca- to him from the roots of his own , - , , nadian group is relevant at this community then there is a definite , - point. Roth from observation and need created for him to return ,, - - this " from studies done on group and develop his culture Rut this - participation as a strategy calls the question , into - it is an 'accident' that ", ", - " in the multicultural movement and the structural foundations of the „ the community processes is con- elf tire society: it threatens the filled to the upwardly mohile, hegemony of the ruling elite in middle-class, aspiring urban Uk- the Canadian community. It has rainian Canadian primarily of the become evident within the Ukrain- Coatiaued from page 10 first or second generation, although ian Canadian community that while the percentage of third and fourth we arc highly organised on the drove them to settle in linguisti- [ationship lict ween social class is increasing rapidly and living middle-class levels in terms of an individual's cultural distinctive- cally homogenous ethnic enclaves and ethnicity The theses of the primarily in the East. This ques- political and cultural organisations," ness is entirely and -holely an so as lo reduce the cultural shock hunk hy Porter and other similar tion can be resolved by examining nevertheless we are lacking in the Individual's decision, Such a vnlun- and simultaneously to maintain their hooks ikelner, Balzell) serve as the nature of the Ukrainian Ca- service area of organisations, such taristqc conception fails to consider dislocated -ay of life. The degree monuments to the discrimination nadian group. -WWI immigrants is day-care centres, and legal aid tile significance of other concrete nl cohesion within the ethnic com- of (he ruling Anglo-Saxon elites in to < 'anada (of Ukrainian descent) Tilth's. If we as a community factors and social processes which, munity and of its resistance to this society were predominantly agrarian with .tin not cater to those members of taken in their interaction with each forces of assimilation is determined (Jiily in the context of the his- datively limited formal education. on un unity who arc in need, other and with the collective desire l.\ such factors as: social class torical development of the relation They had immigrated fuf purely ^ then is there any rationalization to maintain the ancestral identity, differentiation: variation in political ship between social class and eth- economic reasons and settled in for the existence of this communi- IJ all together help to explain the orientations; life-styles and attitudes niCih can one comprehend the fact the prairie provinces Few had de- h If the government cannot sec phenomenon of cultural pluralism. conditioned by the place of emi- of Anglo-Saxon hegemony. This veloped an eth no-cultural con- that the road to a full develop- Immigrants upon arrival to Ca- gration; degree of geographic con- group, having entrenched itself se- ment and implementation of multi- nada were facet! with the initial centration length nf stay in the curely in positions of social control Willi the increasing moderniza- culturalism lies in approaching the problem of linguistic and cultural host-society: and Frequency of inter- was able to channel society's re- tion of the Canadian society the individual or the community from a isolation This, combined with the action with other ethnic groups. Ol sources towards the instituttonalisa- language atrophied among their socio-cultural perspective, then its need to continue their modes of paramount importance in this whole tion of its language*; the mainten- off-spring, and with the increasing good-will in introducing the policy community life, to further adhere question of explaining the cxis- ance and development of. and ad- urbanization the ,ethnic enclaves cif multiculturalism is suspect. were eroded. to their religious and cultural in- tence of cultural pluralism and aptation tu its cultural behaviour What was left of these stitutions, organisations and com- hence the problems of the Uk- patterns. One need only examine communities was held together by Myron SpoUkj munication in their mother tongue rainian Canadian group is the re- the history of Canadian immigra- the churches, but the Catholic was , 1975 PAGE 12 DISCUSSION PAPER ON UKRAINE 4 ' promise equality and freedom of development all political, social and cultural positions of to - following is a discussion paper on how to start the UCR, individuals and nationalities, while repressing those actively participating in work on the question of as opposed to the Western Ukrainian government and who do attempt to develop themselves or their social Ukraine. This is not just meant as a discussion paper (he Leninist government; personalities of individuals culture, creates its own monster. It has also created but as a primary reference source for each club to in tile UCIl with Lenin and others in his group: various forms and tendencies of dissent. start working with. While it is the intention of this tin- progression from ! trushovsky's federalism to the The basis of attack upon the Soviet nationalities paper to be used with the end result that your club notion of independence: the Hetmanate and the is considered as an attack upon the basic individual will participate on some form of work on the issue of Directorate; the downfall. freedoms of speech, thought, political and religious Ukraine, it can and should also be used as a basis 4) Ukrainian National Consciousness: 'Theory in persuasions. The arrests of individuals in both Uk- for tlie study of the development of Ukrainian Nat- action 1918-19.33. raine and the other republics arc motivated by a fear ional Consciousness both in Ukraine and in Canada. The most important elements to examine are: the of independent thinking, as an opposition to the Tlit' two processes are very, closely linked. Ukraiuianization of the masses and their institutional presently self- perpetuating status quo of individuals The purpose iif this discussion paper is to propose development; the leaders such a"s Skrypnyk. Shumsky in both Ukraine and the other republics are moti- an educational process for members of SUSK, by and Zatonsky: the literary and academic leaders such vated by a fear of independent thinking, as an oppo- which we can involve ourselves in actions in defence as Khvylovy. Kurbas and Dovzhenko. and their dis- sition to the presently self-perpetuating status within of Soviet political prisoners. There ' are two possible illusionment with Stalinism-Bolshevism. the Soviet bureaucracy. The discrimination and paths to follow: one involves the organization of sem- 5) The' National Revolutionary Movements: suppression of the nationalities merits specral con- inar sessions to develop among Ukrainian Canadian Konovalets. Dontsov, OUN. UPA. sideration in our case. This is motivated by the con- students an awareness of the former, base of our Win did the political ideologies of the leaders sideration that the suppression of individual freedoms, culture, the development of our culture in Canada, from a social-national orientation to a strictly (as in the case of Solzhenitsyn, Bukovsky. Analrik as well as the present situation in Ukraine and the national orientation?; the organization of the Ukray- and others) is receiving adequate exposure though U S.S.U. in general. The repressive measures of the ins ka Yiys kova Orhanizatsiya under Konovalets; far from being adequate in terms of the repression Soviet bureaucracy, both covert and overt, are threat- I he political w ritings of Dmytro Dontsov; the for- committed by the Soviet bureaucracy. ening Ukrainian!! as a socio-economic unit, such as mation of OUN in the '30's; the Bandera-Melnyk On the other hand the suppression of the develop- )!» one with which we identify to an extent. The split: the 1943 re-orientation of OUN in Ukraine to ment of the nationalities as individual socio-cultural- second form of action is to plunge directly into (he downfall of OUN and UPA in Ukraine; the last ecouoinie units within the U.S.S.R. has not received defence work, and in this way allowing for the edu- struggle of Moruovy and Poltava in 1952. adequate exposure, with the presently trendy liberal cational process to take its slow road. (il Khruschcv's de-Stalinization and its effect on establishment of North America shying away from The arguments against the first method is that for the growth of dissent. Symonenko and his influence. any issue which may be called nationalist-, especially a period of seven to nine weeks, a group of indivi- 7) Ukrainian dissent in the '60's and the bureau- w ' it may hurt their own pocket. Yet, it be- duals is considered incapable of doing work, but more cratic reaction. comes more 'and. more evident from an analvsis of importantly, that work which should have begun with H) Ukrainian dissent in an all Soviet perspective; Ihe events in the L' S.S.R. that the questions of I he start of the school year, is being commenced thi' tendencies of political, social and cultural dis- nalioualih and society (i.e.: social class) are indi- nn|\ at the beginning of January (or even later) sent in Ukraine and the outlook for the future. visible, and that one cannot treat the former without which is too late to raise the level of the campus healing the tatter. As was pointed out above, the prob- community in general. The argument against the W ilhiit the past three years. repressive measure lem ol the economic status of individual in the second method is that while it is true that indivi- an (both coved and overt) have threatened Ukrainians svstnn can be tieel in directly to the individual's duals arc doing concrete work in the field, they often as a socio-eultura) unit, such as the one with nationality or the ties expressed to it lack knowledge of the situation. and have not which we identify. The interrogations, daily searches While the whole problem rationalised in their own minds why they as individual of repression of Ukrai- and arrests of countless numbers of private citizens nians does not strike directly al Canadians must become affected in an action which / the heart of the have served the Soviet leadership as only one of its existence or development of the Ukrainian Canadian seems I have little impact on the further prowth lools in fighting to take total control over Ukraine, community, and the lire Ukrainian Canadian community. Most im- Ukrainian elements within our and reducing (in this way) the number of variables personal alone not portant, the individuals may develop an irrational, Canadianism do in any way nec- with which the Soviet bureaucracy must contend with. essitate our actions in of emotional approach and understanding of the situ- defence dissident our- own Another element of the repressions is the forced mi- position in Canada, (that of a basically ation due to lack of knowledge, (such as is often unrecognized gration of Ukrainians from the territory of the Ukrain- minority without cm pi tied by Ukrainian nationalist organizations). explicit desire of tin- federal govcrn- ian SSR to other areas, where they are engulfed in meul In see to our further The ideal compromise on these two issues is to start development) has certain unit-Ukrainian speaking populations consisting of parallels w ilh the rese nt situatio n in Ukraine. with I he hitter process as soon as possible during p similarly migrated peoples for the tin- school year whom common and gradually, towards the end of the For a long period, Ukrainian Canadians were linguistic denominator is Russian. formal ational process, start There are no schools educ definite actions on cm crib maintained at the lowest economic levels; provided to teach their children in the respective the issue. treated as aliens; and incarcerated during World War , native languages, nor are any services provided In order to achieve the necessary goals which we in iiv 1- at I he present time, we can regard the am language other than Russian. put forward for ourselves, it is imperative that we whole policy ol niultieulturalism as initially a placating reach form some of understanding of the process token to the Ukrainian Canadians after Trudeau's is also state- nl the development There a imposed migration of non- of the Ukrainian national con- v isit in l he U.S.S.R. ) It is becoming increasingly Ukrainians sciousness, beginning with into the Ukrainian SSR for the supposed the early 19th century. evident that the granting scheme introduced by the purposes of alleviating labour shortages. Figures ( This would be the case with those groups or indi- government; i.e. giving money for short-term pro- show, that the Ukrainian labour is oversa- viduals who already have a basic grasp market of what is jects, steering Ihe. development of ethno-cultural turated. and that in many cases native Ukrainian a Ukrainian, what is a Ukrainian are Canadian and, what groups into a dead end. and then withdrawing the ties we as Ukrainian Canadians have maintained at the lower stratums of the work force. with Ukraine), money from individual groups who have become de- Those w ho are willing tu effect, are proposing [wo separate to take on the attributes pre- programmes pendent on the money, could possibly provoke a scribed v by the tailored to suit the needs of the listeners. bureaucracy are assimilated into the The follow- collapse nl an ethno-cultural community. general stream of the as ing is a seminar programme for the first group. bureaucracy and a result The comparison In ihe Ukrainian situation is - become tools in the oppression of Ukrainians and other 1) The roots of nationalism; clear: both groups are under pressures to assimilate the rise of Ukrainian nationalities. While the number of Ukrainians does not national consciousness in the 19th cejitury, and to become saturated with the monolithic con- increase, the number of non-Ukrainians does not in- Tin- main aim of this session would ception of either Russophilism or Angol-Canadianism be to ex- crease proportionally with this; new schools are amine tlii' initial national awakening and feeling (as a balance against the Quebccois). Yet the of being built - to serve the non-Ukrainian population wc-tliev us opposed to severity of the measures in Ukraine, as well as in other a simple economic-social in Russian, and Ukrainian schools are transformed argument which existed previously. initial parts of the U S.S.R. raise the latter question to The nation- into Russian language schools in order to serve this al awakening may be tied in with: Hetman Khcmel- levels of injustices in an international form. While . need. This need is created not only by migration nytskys entrance into Kiev and the we in Canada have recourse to elections and a com- further develop- but also by the de-nationalizing process which takes ment of the Hehnunate; the development of paratively free and unbiased judicial system, their a social place in the svstem. All elements of the institu- class structure in Ukraine with the top class being only recourse is dissent and revolution. A parallel tional svstem m Ukraine also follow suit. In this assimilated into tin- Russian national group can be drawn from the repression in the Soviet \\ way. the attack on the native socio-cultural ways becomes Union and much more important to start detailing the heightens, Vietnam. Chile, Bangladesh, Palestine, initial uses of the Ukrainian language in literature Czechoslovakia or Black Africa. It is initially a The third element of the covert repressions is the leg Kotliarovsky, "Aenied"), which question of individuals within the Ukrainian Cana- eventually be- de-nationalizatibh of the Ukrainian language through 1 14 a conscious political act — the overt dian student body, who have an interest in the areas and co- the injection of foreign words and the changing verl political, social and cultural repression the of defence of dissidents, to become a vanguard by nf die svntax. all at a time when the Ukrainian Isar Mil' development of political ideologies, forum bringing the issue in as international per- i.e.: language retention is at its weakest. In this way the the Brotherhood of Sts. Cvril and Methodius. Mykola spective tu both other Ukrainian Canadian students, Ukrainian language loses its identity in comparison Drahumauev. the Mromada (all of whom took' fed- and the Canadian society as a whole. The role of this 'villi the Russian language. It becomes easier to inject eralism as a basic tent). Then looking at Frankn. groUp(s) must be, to present the case of the repressed Russian works into the language Thus in the end. the Shashkevych. Ilachynsky. Miehnowsky, nationalities, and to become more- cognizant of the (all of whom process of assimilation of the Ukrainian language look an independent view). One study suppression in Ukraine and of Ukraine. I must must this into the Russian language becomes complete. in light of the political situations in those suppression ill Ukraine and of Ukraine. It must be states: This form of treatment of Ukrainians can he mir- Hussia being repressive, while Austm-Hungary being pointed out that the issue of Ukraine is not only rored in the treatment of all non-Russian socio-cul- an enlightened monarchist svstem. One should ex- a Ukrainian confined only to that territory. The prob- tural groups in the USSR, with the worst treat- . amine the familial and personal backgrounds of the lem of Ukraine is international, and the problems ment being levied against Ukrainians, Baits, Armen- main actors and the issues they raised. are repeated in similar forms, both within the U.S.S.R. ians and Ccorgians. This, coupled with the repression 2) The movement of the nationally conscious and other parts' of the world where there are strug- of members of the Asiatic nationalities, (by providing elite into the political arena: Ukrainians as members gles tin liberation. We cannot allow our involvement them with adequate schooling and not allowing them nl ' the Isarisl Dumas, and Austro-Huugarian Parlia- in this issue over-ride any other issue which con- into positions of power, etc.) constitutes an ef- nient: their respective impact on their own people, fronts us. fective tool for the simplification of the peoples of and the (Totalization of two political Among the lines for the die USSR into one. mass. most ignorant in this ease have been Inline ol Ukraine: federalism and independence, the academic elite of this country, who have either While it is very popular among Ukrainian nation- :t) The Ukrainian National Revolution of 1914-1920. remained isolated in their ivory- towers, or have taken alist groups in Canada to direct the emotions of The final hurried developmental stage of Ukrainian up on issues such as Soviet Jewry, Solzhenitsyn and Ukrainian Canadians against the Russian people, this national consciousness, initially among the middle others, treating them only in the non-committal hu- 4 in fact only a means of sirnplifving the true clauses and fhialb among the broader musses after villain: manistic approach, and ignoring 95% of the problems Ihe Soviet svstnn In the leadership of the III.' priK-lainalion <.| the fourth Universal: the rejection within the. Soviet Union. The Ukrainian Canadian USSR one finds individuals from various nationalities "I Lenin and I'mlskv the inabilih of the Ukrainian student bodv . who for various reasons, {such as who are as guilty of repressive measures as any of Central llada l<> seize territorial control at the opportune 111.' Russians claims of non-interference in internal U.S.S.R. mat- lime: dependence on Oennam and the hupsburgs; ters, claims o'f right- wing provocation against the Among the most repressive bureaucrats in the Uk- the iinpacl ol the firM modern Ukrainian slate upon Fast-West detente) have refused to become involved rainian SSR are the Ukrainians themselves. The contra- the future: development of the national group: the dictious of the Soviet state, which, (in the same breath) Continued on page 13 : , 1975 PAGE 13 "" - .5. , "( 7-8, 1974 "p.), - . , ,- ., , .,- ,. , - , , - ',. - . , ' , - ' -- , * , - — . ( ". , - - . - ' ) 102-: -- . , " ", - . - ", 7-8, " : - ". . "- , "'" , . ", , ,, . - - — - , - 56-: . . , " - . , - ,- - , , . - , .' - , - , , , — . .- ). ( -- . - 00 - , , 1. :00 -- . .-- - . , - - , - 2. ; 00 , . - , - 106 . ', - . -- '; ,3. 00 , ( — ). ; , - .-- 4. ., ,. . - !", - Continued from page 12 that the Ukrainian nationalist organizations in Canada have presented a position which turns off more people than it turns on. Their positions arc generally pres- ented in chauvinistic, anti-Russian even anti-Semetic wanted this year terms contorting the politics of the dissidents to SUSK their particular right-wing needs of recruitment, plans sue lias not really been brought to the general to publish Ukraini; Canadian public, who is expected to whole- heartedlj support the issue. Instead, one has been an anthology expected: to go to your demonstrations; to listen to emn- of Ukranian, English or French tional speeches of the party fathers and not to question poetry (he dictates (if above- Thus, the reaction of primarily the student body in this case has been to withdraw the poetry froiii^ this activity and to criticize the activity as poetry will be chosen ' On the other band, having been placed in this by position (confronted with several political groupings a selection committee on the right which use both the Ukrainian Canadian mass .Mid the dissidents for their own purposes, while isolating .ill those individuals or groupings who at- art SI Set up a literature table in a central location, tempt to present the issue in a different matter) we will be \vitll books and hand out information for people on can organize a movement to open a vigorous debate accepted tlie campus. Sell the hooks to support vour future work. both within the Ukrainian Canadian community and for The I ks should he on all topics of dissent in no the ciunpii.s community on this issue without at- Kastern Hi. rope and the Soviet Union. Involve illustrating tempting to impose on the issue ,a political colour- passors-b\ in discussions on the question and know ing, but presenting it ;is it presents itself. In this the how to approach individuals with various political position, we as native born Canadians must impress anthology - leanings. the academu sectni of this community as well as , II Organize svmpnsiums or seminars for the entire ourselves, that the ease at bund is one of social vrrsih , „ on the issue of dissent, al- send justice, and in the same way that the Canadian gnvem- ternating the topics between Ukrainian and those of "nieiit and concerned individuals have chosen to act poems olhe, backgrounds Present as man) varying p.ilj- in some \vii\ in support of the various struggles or that have gone on in the past ten years around the art i.e invite ., speakerVilu'Vllc left-wing, one from world, so too must it take to the defenee of nation- the centre I (mm fhc right. /in black india ink/ alities in the U-S.S.R. The Canadian government must o.l Tn to publish a regular bulletin, publicizing lake steps in defending Soviet nationalities in the same including name luosl vent events in the Soviel I'llioi I have a win thai it acted in sop'port of the various struggles address & a siibseri lis sending III,' bulletin to various that have gone on in the past ten years. brief biography political "» -is including the Ukrainian press. "' m,rSlt> Ul, li,l S "" - Tiles,, , of T points stilule uhal can be considered ti lake III.' loliouing steps""'" lie a plan hi, the development of long-terni actions yourself I the seminar I start sessions , di le hlieal pris as II ,s uecessan to 2i In. in a working group-committee, not idonti- to icnioiuboi II,. ed.tei cess iinisl repeal liable with the loeal Ukrainian Canadian students' , POETRY ANTHOLOGY Us, I « are always new la,, . , university jjlfih or S'USK. so that it may be easier to attract s c/o Lada Hirna can each . «I .1 go through the same nbcrship Iron other cthim-cultura! groups, in- process .„ was done initially 191 Lippincott St. eluding l-'.njilisli nd Krench. In this way, too, the Myron Spolskv work ..I the chibs which are primarily concerned with Toronto, Ontario M5S 2P3 President. SUSK ll„. development of the Ukrainian Canadian com- /tel. 921-3602 or 961-0499 Toronto, October, 1974 -ridden In defence work. PAGE 14 , 1975 KOBZA SHUMSKY JEWELLERS The festival of Kupalo was the celebration of the beginning of the harvest. It was a rite in which the participants masqueraded, masking themselves with plants, the lighting WATCHES of fires, the singing of songs . DIAMONDS . JEWE1_S . CHYST referring to Kupalo, and ALS the leaping through the BONE CHINA. ETC. tire. The festival began with the rite of evoking Kupalo, who REPAIR had wintered in the forest and sum- WATCHES & JEWELLERY mered in the grass. SATISFACTION In GUARANTEED an unceasing and clear spring of devotion for folkloric music, a group of young musicians found inspiration and unlimited possibilities. At first this was an instrumental ensemble, but the 20% discount for students traditional national performance demands words The present form of the ensemble was arrived at in 1971. For their refusal to play non-Ukrainian songs 766 QUEEN ST. W this group was disbanded. TORONTO 3, ONT SUSK has now re-released this album un- der the title "KOBZA". This album can be purchased from SUSK at the retail price of $5.95. , . , , HANDICRAFTS , 22Q2 BLOOR ST. WEST , TORONTO, ONT. , ! , ! MeS INS ' ' 1 111 1 1 » -jsssij^si PAGE 15 Nightmusic, shown each week You have a chance to try out night from 1] p. m . to ]2 midnight what you've leorned ot each wants you work- to produce visual seg- shop. You are sent out into the ments for the series. You choose street with a portopak to the piece of music, shoot a visual shoot pictures. scene to You return go with it and send in and ploy back the results what you've to Nightmusic's produ- cers^ shot for comment and further instruction. Nightmusic provides, you with the equipment and the know-how. ' Three-hour video production work- Following . workshops, shops are run by OECA's utiliza- participants can borrow the tion deportment of Channel 19's equipment for a few days in order heodquarters, 2180 Yonge Street to produce their own (Toronto) for visual for Nightmusic. would-be Nightmusic • • The contributors. They teach you how idea is to let viewers • » to operate portapok equipment- see their own pictures on the • tv screen, and in handy, all-in-one kits containing the process . learn something about > ». cameras, sound equipment and the video video medium. tape. . ''. 9.30 1- - - 1973 - 75,000 9 \. PARKLAND UKRAINIAN (TORONTO) CREDIT UNION MEATS 2*7 Ceil.g. St. WA 2-14«2 choice quality meats, poultry, 575 Queen Street West Phone: 366-7061 Toronto^ Ont., Canada M5V & 2B6 delicates sen 9& R K A 766 8338 UKRAINIAN BOOK STORE JOHN and OLGA DOZORSKY discount for students S. ROSKO W. KLJSH 2216 BLOOR ST. W. TORONTO NEXT ISSUE: INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR - 1975 CAMPAIGN FOR WOMEN ( PRISONERS UKRAINIAN SCHOOLS Lubo Hutsaliuk "R. Writing" - iodia ink , 1975 western conference In the past six years, through the involvement in the issue of multiculturalism, and because of an increasing awareness Saskatoon March 8 - 9, 1975. of the position of the Ukrainian Canadian community, SUSK has been in the forefront of initiating community develop- ment programmes (summer fieidwork, community cable- Saturday, March 8 casting, etc.) While the projects themselves have been inventive, never- theless, we find that Ukrainian Canadian communities, (both 9:00 a.m. - 10:00 a.i in larger centres and in the rural communities), have lost contact with the ever-increasing areas of development and Registration interest of a small elite within the Ukrainian Canadian community. While certain sectors of the community have 10:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. developed to a great degree and have been able to use those resources granted recently by the Federal and Provincial Opening: chairperson Governments, most of the community has remained unaware - Sheila of this and, as a result, has not maintained the necessary Slobodzian, developmental process in the evolution of a Ukrainian .Cana- Western Vice-President dian socialization process and thus the Ukrainian Canadian The role of community. community development - proposed speaker - Bohdan Po- It has been SUSK's role in the past to 'reach' to the broadest powycz spheres of the community. We must do this again this year. The aim of the Western SUSK Conference will be to develop - SUSK and Community development an awareness among SUSK membership of the means and in the Ukrainian Canadian commm- need for active involvement in community development with nity - speaker - Myron Spolsky, the goal that during the summer of 1975, much of this know- SUSK President. ledge can be brought to practical use across the country. - 12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m. LUNCH 1:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. - The power of social animation: two examples - Prof. Zenon Pohorecfey, on Indians; Canadian Mr, Myron , Kuropas, Action - USA on Ukrain- ian Americans. 3:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. Coffee break 4:00 7:30 The methodoloa,y of Saul Alinsky: a presentation of films on Saul Alinsky, and discussion led by Richard Harmon, Director of the SUBSCRIBE NOW Industrial Areas Foundation, Chi- cago, Illinois. STUDENT will be distributed on a subscrip- tion basis only to all who request it. The cost per subscription will continue at the price of 7:30 p.m. 8:30 $2.50 for one year. A distribution on this basis will ensure a more dependable delivery to the reader, greater efficiency, and an addition DINNER to the newspaper's income which is greatly needed. In the past year STUDENT could not be printed regularly many times because of lack of funds. Send in your subscriptions as soon as possible to the newspaper address to Sunday, March 9 1975. ensure proper recording of your request and also to ensure that you do not break your continuity as a recipient. - - STUDENT now has a new mailing system. In 11:00 a.m. I2:0C p.m. order to facilitate hot off the press delivery, clip & mail this subscription form with your SUSK 1975: Perspectives, Plans, name and postal code to: DISTRIBUTION MANAGER Problems. c/o STUDENT 394 Bloor St. W. 12:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. Suite 4, Toronto, Ontario Club news and perspectives. M5S 1X4 NAME ! ADDRESS end of conference.