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Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Has D-Shaped Emergence Hole Sometimes Apparent

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Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Has D-Shaped Emergence Hole Sometimes Apparent ALERT! REPORT! Protect our Forests and Trees. If you think you have found Help Stop the Movement emerald ash borer, of Exotic Pests. contact one of these offices in your area: State Department of Agriculture State Forestry or Natural Resource Agency Cooperative Extension Office USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service DO NOT MOVE U.S. Forest Serviceor FIREWOOD! Exotic pests like the emerald ash borer can be spread when infested firewood is Call Toll free: transported to new areas. 1-866-322-4512 • Do not bring firewood from For more information about home. emerald ash borer please visit: • Use local sources of firewood. www.emeraldashborer.info • If you have brought firewood from home, DON’T take it USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area with you, DON’T leave it– State and Private Forestry BURN IT! NA-PR-05-04 The USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. Reprinted May 2015 (generic) 5215 The emerald ash borer, Symptoms and Signs: Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, a New infestations are difficult to detect, as beetle native to Asia, was first damage to the tree may not be apparent for up detected in Michigan in 2002. to three years. Symptoms of an infestation can Evidence suggests that the beetle include branch dieback in the upper crown, Larva S-Shaped Galleries was established in Michigan excessive epicormic branching on the tree trunk, for years prior to its discovery. and vertical bark splits. Woodpecker damage is Emerald ash borer (EAB) has D-Shaped Emergence Hole sometimes apparent. since been detected in many states, and also in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. In addition Biology: to spreading by natural means, Eggs are laid between layers of bark and in bark EAB can be transported to new areas in infested crevices. Larvae hatch in about one week and firewood, timber, and nursery stock. This beetle bore into the tree where they feed on the inner has been responsible for the loss of millions of bark and phloem, creating “S”-shaped galleries. ash trees in North America. Larvae go through four feeding stages, and then excavate a pupal chamber in the Dieback Epicormic Branching fall, where they will overwinter as Actual Size prepupae. Host: Pupation occurs in late spring, and adults begin to emerge through In North America, “D”-shaped exit holes in May and early EAB is known to June. Adults will remain active until the infest all species of end of summer. ash (Fraxinus spp.). Bark Splits Woodpecker Damage Ash can be recognized by Not EAB: Other Stressors: the presence This commonly encountered beetle, the Ash may also be stressed by of compound six-spotted green tiger beetle, Cicindela drought, diseases such as ash leaves which are sexguttata, is often mistaken for EAB due yellows, and by native wood- arranged opposite of to its similar appearence. It is a predator boring insects like the redheaded one another on the of small insects and is frequently found on ash borer, Neoclytus acuminatus branches. hiking trails. There are other insects often (Fabricius) which creates a mistaken for EAB. round emergence hole. Redheaded Photographs: James W. Smith, David Cappaert, www.invasive.org and PA DCNR. Ash Borer.
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