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Artichokes Artichokes TheThe AmericanAmerican ® GARDENERGARDENERThe Magazine of the American Horticultural Society March / April 2009 Native Plants for Water Gardens Colorful Coreopsis A Breeder’s Passion for Shade-Loving Natives Unusual Perennial Vegetables garden-fresh Artichokes contents Volume 88, Number 2 . March / April 2009 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM AHS AHS joins Sustainable Sites Initiative, members-only webinars for 2009, new corporate members contribute to AHS’s success, Garden School in June to focus on sustainability, National Children & Youth Garden Symposium keynote speaker, first annual Community Green, Spring Garden Market at River Farm. 14 AHS NEWS SPECIAL 2009 Great American Gardeners National page 30 Award Winners. 42 ONE ON ONE WITH… NATIVE PLANTS FOR Rob Johnston, Jr., 18 independent seedsman. WATER GARDENS BY LISA ALBERT 44 HOMEGROWN HARVEST Many intriguing aquatic Artichokes. page 42 plants are North American natives. 46 GARDENER’S NOTEBOOK Bees as plant bodyguards, new Mid- Atlantic plant promotion group, old- 24 SHADE-LOVING NATIVES growth forests imperiled by climate change, BY GRAHAM RICE National Public Gardens Day announced, Learn about the breeder who New Egolf viburnum introduced, economy is creating exciting selections causes several garden of shade-loving natives. magazines to fold. Gardener’s Notebook COREOPSIS News Special: 30 University trial gardens. RECONSIDERED BY ALLAN M. ARMITAGE pagepage 2424 50 GREEN GARAGE® One plant expert shares his Potting soils and mixes. love-hate relationship with page 46 this perennial genus. 54 BOOK REVIEWS Planthropology, Between Earth and Sky, the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Illustrated 36 PERENNIAL VEGETABLES Dictionary of Orchid Genera, and the New BY ERIC TOENSMEIER Encyclopedia of Orchids. Expand your edible garden options to include ornamental 56 REGIONAL HAPPENINGS and tasty perennials. page 36 60 HARDINESS AND HEAT ZONES AND PRONUNCIATIONS 62 PLANT IN THE SPOTLIGHT ON THE COVER: The purplish buds of ‘Violetto’ globe artichoke are attractive in the garden and de- Paperbush (Edgeworthia chrysantha). LEFT, TOP TO BOTTOM: ALLAN ARMITAGE; COURTESY OF CHARLES AND MARTHA OLIVER; STEVEN CHRISTMAN / WWW.FLORIDATA.COM. RIGHT, TOP TO BOTTOM: COURTESY OF JOHNNY’S SELECTED SEEDS; COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY licious on the dinner plate. Photograph by Rick Wetherbee March / April 2009 3 AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 7931 East Boulevard Drive Alexandria, VA 22308-1300 (800) 777-7931 fax (703) 768-8700 www.ahs.org Making America a Nation of Gardeners, a Land of Gardens American Horticultural Society President’s Council EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Tom Underwood CHAMPION’S CIRCLE Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kulp, Jr. ■ Mr. and Mrs. Harry A. Board of Directors Rissetto, Esq. ■ Mr. and Mrs. W. Bruce Usrey CHAIR Susie Usrey Dayton, Oregon CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE Mr. and Mrs. Kurt Bluemel ■ Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. FIRST VICE CHAIRMAN Don E. Riddle, Jr. Davidsonville, Maryland Bogle ■ Mr. Arnold Steiner SECOND VICE CHAIRMAN Leslie Ariail Alexandria, Virginia SECRETARY Albin MacDonough Plant Baltimore, Maryland LIBERTY HYDE BAILEY CIRCLE Anderson Family Charitable Foundation ■ Mr. and TREASURER Arnold Steiner Birmingham, Alabama Mrs. John H. Ariail, Jr. ■ Mr. and Mrs. Carter Bales ■ Mrs. Susan M. Cargill ■ Mr. Gerald T. Halpin ■ Ms. JoAnn Luecke ■ Dr. and Mrs. David E. Morrison ■ Mr. and Mrs. Klaus Zech Allan M. Armitage Athens, Georgia ■ Suzanne Bales Oyster Bay, New York ■ William E. Barrick, Ph.D. Theodore, Alabama Kurt Bluemel Baldwin, Maryland ■ Henrietta Burke Alexandria, Virginia ■ Tom Cooper Watertown, Massachusetts HAUPT CIRCLE Ms. Lynda A. Bachman ■ Ms. Judy Daniel ■ Mr. and Mrs. Gay Estes Houston, Texas ■ Anne Garland Farrell Richmond, Virginia ■ Carole Hofley Wilson, Wyoming Thomas Farrell ■ Mrs. Richard W. Hamming ■ Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Margaret Kulp Louisville, Kentucky ■ Caroline Lewis Coral Gables, Florida ■ Jack Lowry Phoenix, Maryland Hanselman ■ Mrs. Carole S. Hofley Melissa R. Marshall Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ■ Mary Pat Matheson Atlanta, Georgia Shirley Nicolai Ft. Washington, Maryland ■ J. Landon Reeve, IV Woodbine, Maryland COUNCIL MEMBER’S CIRCLE Nancy J. Becker, M.D. ■ Mrs. Katherine Belk ■ Mr. Harry A. Rissetto, Esq. Falls Church, Virginia ■ Michel Sallin Groveland, Florida ■ Steven Still Hilliard, Ohio and Mrs. Anthony Bigos ■ Mrs. George P. Bissell, Jr. ■ Mr. and Mrs. C. William Black ■ Mr. Richard C. and Mrs. Katherine Stark Bull ■ Mr. and Mrs. Michael PRESIDENT EMERITUS Katy Moss Warner T. Bradshaw ■ Mr. and Mrs. Edward N. Dane ■ Mr. and Mrs. Carl Estes ■ Dr. and Mrs. John A. Floyd, Jr. ■ Mrs. Carolyn V. Foil ■ Ms. Marguerite Peet Foster ■ Ms. Amy Goldman ■ Mr. and Mrs. Joel Goldsmith ■ Ms. Ingrid A. Graham 2009 Advisory Council ■ Ms. Barbara Grant ■ Dr. and Mrs. William O. Hargrove ■ Mr. and Mrs. Allan L. Holmstrom ■ Mr. Philip Huey ■ Deane H. Hundley ■ Mrs. Marta Lawrence ■ Mrs. Carolyn M. Lindsay ■ Mrs. Dorothy Marston ■ Mrs. Rosalyn Milbrandt Clarissa Bonde, Washington, D.C. Barbara McClendon, Alexandria, Virginia ■ Mr. and Mrs. Egon Molbak ■ Mrs. Shirley Ann Nicolai ■ Mr. and Mrs. James Walter Bull, Columbia, South Carolina Stu McMichael, Falls Church, Virginia T. Norman ■ Ms. Patricia Painter ■ Mr. David D. Parrish ■ Mr. and Mrs. Albin Anne Bucher, Silver Spring, Maryland G. Ray Miller, Brandon, Florida MacDonough Plant ■ Dr. Julia Rappaport ■ Mr. and Mrs. J. Landon Reeve, IV Elaine Burden, Middleburg, Virginia Egon Molbak, Bellevue, Washington ■ Mrs. Deen Day Sanders ■ Mr. and Mrs. Emanuel Shemin ■ Jeanne Shields ■ Patty Bush, St. Louis, Missouri Dean Norton, Mt. Vernon, Virginia Mr. R. P. Simmons ■ Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Smith, Jr. ■ Mrs. P.M. Spreuer Skipp Calvert, Alexandria, Virginia Nancy Keen Palmer, Nashville, Tennessee ■ Dr. and Mrs. George E. Staehle ■ Mr. Harold Stahly ■ Dr. and Mrs. Steven Russell Clark, Boston, Massachusetts Bob Patterson, Washington, D.C. M. Still ■ Mr. Donald B. Stott ■ Mr. and Mrs. John B. Strasenburgh ■ Mr. and Bartie Cole, Owings Mills, Maryland Dr. Julia W. Rappaport, Santa Ana, California Mrs. Russell Terry ■ Dr. Sarah K. Thomson ■ Mr. Howard McK. Tucker and Jim Corfield, Geneva, Illinois Deen Day Sanders, Norcross, Georgia Ms. Megan Evans ■ Mr. and Mrs. Tom Underwood ■ Mr. Joe Viar ■ Ms. Lucinda Crabtree, Falls Church, Virginia Josephine Shanks, Houston, Texas Angela M. Vikesland ■ Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Volk ■ Mrs. Pauline E. Vollmer Ginny Hill Daisey, Dedham, Massachusetts Barbara Shea, Owings Mills, Maryland ■ Ms. Katy Moss Warner ■ Mrs. Enid N. Warner ■ Mr. and Mrs. Dennis Edward N. Dane, Center Harbor, New Hampshire Holly Shimizu, Glen Echo, Maryland White ■ Mr. and Mrs. Harvey C. White ■ Mr. and Mrs. John W.White, Sr. Ben Griswold, Glyndon, Maryland Charles Henry Smith, Jr, Middleburg, Virginia Beverly Hanselman, Nashville, Tennessee Nancy Thomas, Houston, Texas Henry Jameson, Kula, Hawaii Bryan Thomlison, Haddonfield, New Jersey HONORARY PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL Ms. Louise Fruehling* ■ Mrs. Enid Haupt* Richard W. Lighty, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania Pauline Vollmer, Baltimore, Maryland ■ Mrs. John A. Lutz* ■ Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Miller* Carolyn Marsh Lindsay, Ponte Vedra, Florida Joyce and Harvey White, Nashville, Tennessee Bob Malesardi, Easton, Maryland Joannah Williams, Sebring, Florida *In memoriam Robert and Joanna Martin, Menlo Park, California Sheryl Wood, Middleburg, Virginia Education Sponsor OXO International Corporate Members Brent and Becky’s Bulbs ■ The Care of Trees ■ Chapel Valley Landscape Company Furbish Company ■ Homestead Gardens ■ Kurt Bluemel, Inc. ■ Monrovia To access the members-only MTR Landscape Architects, LLC. ■ Osmocote ■ Renee’s Garden portion of the AHS website at www.ahs.org, the username is Horticultural Partners America in Bloom Symposium & Awards Program ■ Bellingrath Gardens and Home ahs. The password is seeds. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Garden Symposium ■ Cox Arboretum MetroPark Epcot International Flower & Garden Festival The Gardeners of America/Men’s Garden Clubs of America The Homestead in the Garden Symposium ■ Inniswood Garden Society ■ Morris Arboretum Oklahoma Botanical Garden & Arboretum ■ Oklahoma Horticultural Society 4 the American Gardener The American NOTESC FROM RIVER FARM GARDENER EDITOR David J. Ellis MANAGING EDITOR AND ART DIRECTOR Mary Yee ASSOCIATE EDITOR Viveka Neveln HE ARRIVAL of March and the first day of spring signal the beginning of EDITORIAL ASSISTANT the gardening season. Our gardens come alive with spring blooms and new Caroline Bentley T growth, local garden centers swell to bursting with new plants and fresh EDITORIAL INTERN stocks of garden supplies, and trays of seedlings begin to show up in windowsills, on Talia Goldman porches, and in backyard greenhouses. And, what would spring be without the ea- CONTRIBUTING EDITOR gerly anticipated parade of wonderful horticultural events sponsored by public gar- Rita Pelczar dens, plant societies, garden clubs, and community groups across the country? Even CONTRIBUTING WRITER year-round gardeners have a hard time not Carole Ottesen getting caught up in the heady promise of EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD a new gardening season. CHAIR Richard E. Bir Whether you are seeking out new in- Brevard, North Carolina troductions, hard-to-find native plants, or Allan M. Armitage tried-and-true successes for your garden, Athens, Georgia spring plant sales and garden shows are not Nina L. Bassuk to be missed. In addition to some great Ithaca, New York finds, these events offer the chance
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