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Burundi : Profil Et Déterminants De La Pauvreté

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Burundi : Profil Et Déterminants De La Pauvreté RÉPUBLIQUE DU BURUNDI BURUNDI : PROFIL ET DÉTERMINANTS DE LA PAUVRETÉ Rapport de l’enquête modulaire sur les conditions de vie des ménages 2013/2014 Institut de Statistiques et d’Études Groupe de la Banque africaine Économiques du Burundi de développement 1 Tous droits réservés Cette publication a été réalisée par une équipe d’experts de l’ISTEEBU, de la BAD, d’Afristat et de l’Université du Burundi. Les observations, interprétations et conclusions qu’elle contient ne reflètent pas nécessairement l’opinion des Autorités burundaises. Droits et licences Le contenu de la présente publication fait l’objet d’un dépôt légal. La reproduction ou la transmission d’une partie ou de l’intégralité de cette publication peuvent constituer une violation de la législation en vigueur. L’ISTEEBU encourage la diffusion de ses travaux et, en règle générale, accorde rapidement l’autorisation d’en reproduire des extraits. Pour obtenir l’autorisation de reproduire des extraits de la présente publication, veuillez adresser une demande en fournissant tous les renseignements nécessaires à l’adresse suivante : Institut de Statistiques et d'Études Économiques du Burundi (ISTEEBU) B.P: 1156 BUJUMBURA TEL: (257) 22 22 67 29/ 22 22 21 49/22 21 67 34 Fax: (257) 22 22 26 35 Mobile: (257) 79 956 548 E-Mail: Service: [email protected] ou [email protected] République du Burundi Photos : Fichiers BAD Profil et Déterminants de la pauvreté Mai 2015 République du Burundi 2 MINISTÈRE DES FINANCES ET DE LA PLANIFICATION DU DÉVELOPPEMENT ÉCONOMIQUE Institut de Statistiques et d’Études Groupe de la Banque africaine Observatoire économique et statistique Économiques du Burundi de développement d’Afrique Subsaharienne Le présent rapport a été rédigé par une équipe composée de : Joël S. TOKINDANG, Économiste Principal à la BAD/ Bureau du Burundi; Déogratias BIZABITYO, Ingénieur Statisticien, Chef de service études et statistiques auprès des ménages à l’ISTEEBU; Siriki COULIBALY, Expert en analyse de la pauvreté à Afristat et Jean-Claude NSABIMANA, Ingénieur Statisticien/Consultant, Assistant à l’Université du Burundi. L’équipe a bénéficié de la compilation des données et de construction des agrégats faites par les cadres de l’ISTEEBU (Prudence DUNIA, Fidèle IRANYIBUTSE, Thierry NTAGAHORAHO, Pascal SEMYOTSO et Onésime SINDAYIYEBURA) et du SP/REFES (Benoît HARERIMANA), encadrés par une équipe d’experts d’Afristat (Freeman AMEGASHIE, Expert statisticien informaticien, Ousman KORIKO, Expert en enquêtes auprès des ménages, Siriki Zanga COULIBALY, Expert en analyse de la pauvreté). L’équipe remercie sincèrement tous les cadres et agents de l’ISTEEBU pour leur important soutien depuis la collecte des données jusqu’à leur traitement. L’équipe a également bénéficié des commentaires et suggestions de M. Nicolas NDAYISHIMIYE, Directeur Général de l’ISTEEBU; M. Abou BA, Représentant résident de la BAD au Burundi; de Mme Jeanine NIYUKURI, Directrice de Département des Études et des Statistiques Démographiques et Sociales à l’ISTEEBU; de M. Hercule YAMUREMYE, Spécialiste en Développement social à la BAD / Bureau du Burundi, de M. Prudence NDAYISHIMIYE, Consultant; de M. Prosper GIRUKWISHAKA, Chef de Gestion de l’Unité de PRECA et de M. François ROUBAUD, Directeur de Recherche DIAL/France. 1 TABLE DES MATIÈRES AVANT PROPOS ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 RÉSUMÉ EXECUTIF ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Chapitre I. CONTEXTE DU PAYS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 15 1.1. Situation économique ................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 1.2. Défis du développement humain ................................................................................................................................................................ 17 1.3. Défis en matière de protection de l’environnement .................................................................................................................................... 18 1.4. Faible couverture des infrastructures économiques .................................................................................................................................. 18 1.5. Orientations stratégiques du Burundi ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 Chapitre II. PRÉSENTATION DE L’ENQUÊTE ................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.1. Objectifs de l’ECVMB-2013/2014 ............................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.2. Méthodologie de l’enquête ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.1. Plan de sondage ............................................................................................................................................................................. 21 2.2.2. Structure du questionnaire « Dépenses de consommation » ......................................................................................................... 22 Chapitre III. CARACTÉRISTIQUES ET CONDITIONS DE VIE DES POPULATIONS ....................................................................................... 23 3.1. Caractéristiques socio-démographiques .................................................................................................................................................... 23 3.1.1. Structures de la population ............................................................................................................................................................... 23 3.1.2. Caractéristiques des ménages ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 3.1.3. Éducation et fréquentation scolaire................................................................................................................................................... 24 3.1.4. État de santé de la population .......................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.2. Niveau d’activité économique..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 3.2.1. Aperçu générale ................................................................................................................................................................................ 26 3.2.2. Chômage et sous-emploi .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 3.2.3. Secteur informel ................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 3.3. Conditions de logement et biens des ménages ......................................................................................................................................... 30 3.3.1. Logement .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.3.2. Équipements des ménages .............................................................................................................................................................. 31 3.4. Accessibilité aux infrastructures de base ................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.4.1. Accès aux établissements d’enseignement public ........................................................................................................................... 32 3.4.2. Accès aux établissements de santé et pharmaceutiques ................................................................................................................. 33 Chapitre IV. MÉTHODES DE DÉTERMINATION DES SEUILS DE PAUVRETÉ ............................................................................................. 34 4.1. Détermination du seuil de pauvreté monétaire
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