Phytosociological Research Center www.globalbioclimatics.org Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System S.Rivas−Martinez(+) & S.Rivas−Saenz (Adapted to Synoptical Table 14/02/2020)

BELORADO (ESP ) Altitude: 770 m. Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Temperature observation period.: 1961−1970 (10) Rainfall observation period....: 1961−1970 (10)

(C/mm) Ti Mi mi M’i m’i Pi EPi Jan. 6.20 8.40 4.10 14.00 −2.20 42.0 14.53 Feb. 6.40 8.90 4.00 14.60 −1.10 42.0 15.19 Mar. 8.40 11.10 5.80 18.10 0.20 40.0 27.91 Apr. 11.80 15.50 8.00 24.50 2.90 59.0 48.81 May. 15.60 21.20 10.10 30.80 4.70 67.0 81.13 Jun. 19.00 24.70 13.40 35.20 8.70 49.0 107.74 Jul. 22.60 29.40 15.90 36.60 11.60 24.0 138.40 Aug. 22.00 28.10 15.80 36.00 11.40 25.0 123.92 Sep. 19.10 24.00 14.20 31.20 9.10 42.0 88.88 Oct. 14.70 18.20 11.10 24.20 6.80 41.0 56.29 Nov. 9.00 11.50 6.50 17.40 2.40 65.0 24.47 Dec. 6.20 8.20 4.20 13.20 −2.10 52.0 14.00 Year 13.42 17.43 9.43 24.65 4.37 548 741.27

BIOCLIMATIC INDICES AND DIAGNOSIS Thermicity index...... (It): 259 Compensated thermicity index...... (Itc): 259 Simple continentality index...... (Ic): 16.4 Diurnality index...... (Id): 13.5 Annual ombrothermic index...... (Io): 3.40 Monthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios1): 1.06 Bimonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios2): 1.10 Threemonthly estival ombrothermic index.....(Ios3): 1.54 Fourmonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios4): 2.08 Annual ombro−evaporation index...... (Ioe): 0.74 Annual positive temperature...... (Tp): 1610 Annual negative temperature...... (Tn): 0 Estival temperature...... (Ts): 636 Positive precipitation...... (Pp): 548 N. of P>4T P:2T−4T PT−2T P

1 (ESP BURGOS) 770 m P= 548 42° 25’N 3° 11’W 10/10 y. T= 13.4° Ic= 16.4 Tp= 1610 Tn= 0 m= 4.1° M= 8.4 ° Itc= 259 Io= 3.4

M’= 36.6°

m’= −2.2°

MEDITERRANEAN PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC UPPER MESOMEDITERRANEAN UPPER DRY

WATER INDEX CARD BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Altitude: 770 m. Latitude: 42° 25’N

(C/mm) T PE P VR R RE DF SP DR HC Jan. 6.2 15 42 21 100 15 0 6 3 1.8 Feb. 6.4 15 42 0 100 15 0 27 15 1.7 Mar. 8.4 28 40 0 100 28 0 12 14 0.4 Apr. 11.8 49 59 0 100 49 0 10 12 0.2 May. 15.6 81 67 −14 86 81 0 0 6 −0.1 Jun. 19.0 108 49 −59 27 108 0 0 3 −0.5 Jul. 22.6 138 24 −27 0 51 87 0 1 −0.8 Aug. 22.0 124 25 0 0 25 99 0 1 −0.7 Sep. 19.1 89 42 0 0 42 47 0 0 −0.5 Oct. 14.7 56 41 0 0 41 15 0 0 −0.2 Nov. 9.0 24 65 41 41 24 0 0 0 1.6 Dec. 6.2 14 52 38 79 14 0 0 0 2.7 Year 13.4 741 548 * * 493 248 55 55 *

R = Reserve VR = Variation of the reserve RE = Real evapotranspiration DR = Drainage HC = Humidity coeficient DF = Deficit SP = Superavit

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) 42°25’N 3°11’W 770 m 10/10 y. T= 13.4 Ic= 16.4 MEDITERRANEAN PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC m= 4.1 Tp= 1610 UPPER MESOMEDITERRANEAN M= 8.4 Tn= 0 UPPER DRY M’= 36.6 Itc= 259 m’= −2.2 Io= 3.4 P= 548 mm PE= 741 mm

Imbibing 9 Oct. Saturation 24 Jan. Reserve Use 13 Apr. Deficit 8 Jul.

DJFMAMJJASOND

2 BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m SUMMARY OF RIVAS−MARTINEZ CLASSIFICATION Continentality Index [B2b] + Type ...... : B. Oceanic + Subtype ...... : 2. Euoceanic + Variant ...... : b. Low Thermic types [B1.B4] + Latitudinal zone ....: B. Temperate + Latitudinal belt ....: 1. Low Eutemperate + Thermic type ...... : B. Temperate + Thermic subtype .....: 4. Temperate Bioclimatic types [B8.3a.5a] + Macrobioclimate .....: B. MEDITERRANEAN + Bioclimate ...... : 8. PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC + Bioclimatic variant .: + Thermic type...... : 3. MESOMEDITERRANEAN + Thermic subtype...... : a. UPPER + Ombrothermic type ...: 5. DRY + Ombrothermic subtype : a. UPPER Bioclimatic Classification ...... Mepo.Mme.Dry.Euo

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m PRECIPITATION PARAMETERS Warmest semester of the year...... (Pss): 248 Coldest semester of the year...... (Psw): 300 Warmest four months period of the year...... (Pcm1): 140 Following warmest four months period...... (Pcm2): 200 Positive precipitation dryest 3 months...... (Ppd): 91 Positive precipitation dryest 2 months...... (Ppd2): 49 Positive precipitation dryest 1 month...... (Ppd1): 24 Positive precipitation warmest 3 months...... (Pps): 91 Positive precipitation warmest 2 months...... (Pps2): 49 Positive precipitation warmest 1 month...... (Pps1): 24 Positive precipitation coldest 3 months...... (Ppw): 136 Positive precipitation coldest 2 months...... (Ppw2): 94 Positive precipitation coldest 1 month...... (Ppw1): 42 Winter Spring Summer Automn Seasons Tr1−W Tr2−P Tr3−S Tr4−F Rainfall 136 166 98 148 Seasonal rainfall rhythms: P > F > W > S

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS Average warmest month [T]...... (Tmax): 22.6 Average coldest month [T]...... (Tmin): 6.2 Maximum temp. warmest month [M]...... (Tmmax): 29.4 Minimum temp. coldest month [m]...... (Tmmin): 4.0 Absolute Max.temp. warmest month [M’]...... (Tamax): 36.6 Absolute Min.temp. coldest month [m’]...... (Tamin): −2.2 First warmest contrasted month [M]...... (Tcmax): 29.4 (7) First coldest contrasted month [m]...... (Tcmin): 15.9 (7) Estival temperature...... (Ts): 636 Positive temperature dryest 3 months...... (Tpd): 637 Positive temperature dryest 2 months...... (Tpd2): 446 Positive temperature dryest 1 month...... (Tpd1): 226 Positive temperature warmest 3 months...... (Tps): 637 Positive temperature warmest 2 months...... (Tps2): 446 Positive temperature warmest 1 month...... (Tps1): 226 Positive temperature coldest 3 months...... (Tpw): 188 Positive temperature coldest 2 months...... (Tpw2): 124 Positive temperature coldest 1 month...... (Tpw1): 62

3 BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m SEASONAL PARAMETERS

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Warmest semester...(Sms) o o o o o o Dryest semester....(Smd) o o o o o o Warmest 4 months...(Cm1) o o o o Dryest 4 months....(Cmd) o o o o Vegetation Activity(Pav) oooooooooooo Ultragelid...[M’<=0](Pf) Hypergelid...[M <=0](Pf) Gelid...... [T <=0](Pf) Subgelid.....[m <=0](Pf) Pregelid.....[m’<=0](Pf) o o o Agelid...... [m’> 0](Pf) o o o o o o o o o HiperAgelid..[all>0](Pf) o o o o o o o o o

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m OMBROTHERMIC PARAMETERS Annual aridity index.[PE/P]...... (Iar): 1.35 Mediterranean index of July.[PE/P]...... (Im1): 5.77 Mediterranean index of July & August...... (Im2): 5.35 Mediterranean index of June, July & August....(Im3): 3.78

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp(x10) 520 420 420 400 590 670 490 240 250 420 410 650 Tp 62 62 64 84 118 156 190 226 220 191 147 90 Io (Iom) 8.39 6.77 6.56 4.76 5.00 4.29 2.58 1.06 1.14 2.20 2.79 7.22 Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp(x10)/Tp 1360 / 188 1660 / 358 980 / 636 1480 / 428 Io (Iot) 7.234 4.637 1.541 3.458 Semesters December−May June−November Pp(x10)/Tp 3020 / 546 2460 / 1064 Io (Iosm) 5.531 2.312

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m Aridity Value Index (AVI) [10xPP/TP=IO]: 5480/1610=3.40 There is No Yearly Aridity

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp [P*10] 520 420 420 400 590 670 490 240 250 420 410 650 Tp [T*10] 62 62 64 84 118 156 190 226 220 191 147 90 Iom [Pp/Tp] 839 677 656 476 500 429 258 106 114 220 279 722 Avm [200−Iom] *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 94 86 *** *** *** Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp / Tp 1360 / 188 1660 / 358 980 / 636 1480 / 428 Iot [Pp/Tp] 723 464 154 346 Avs E[Avm<200] *** *** *** *** Strong lower semiarid [2]

4 BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES I CI of Supan (1884) [Tmax−Tmin] ...... (Sp): 16.40 CI of Gorezinski (1920) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat)−20.4] ...... : 20.93 CI of Conrad (1946) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat+10)−14] ...... : 21.18 + Oceanic (20R>40) Aridity Index of Martonne (1926) [Ia=P/(T+10)] ...... : 23.40 + Subhumid (30>Ia>20) I of Emberger (1930) [Q=100*P/(Tmmax²−Tmmin²)] ...... : 64.60 + Subhumid (90>Q>50) I of Dantin & Revenga (1940) [DR=100*T/P] ...... : 2.45 + Semiarid (3>DR>2) Aridity Index of UNEP [I=P/PE] ...... : 0.74 + Humid (I>0.65) Potencial Erosion I of Fournier (1960) [K=Pi²/P].....: 8.19 + Very low (K<60)

BELORADO (ESP BURGOS) Latitude: 42°25’N Longitude: 3°11’W Altitude: 770 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES II Bioclimatic classification of Gaussen & Bagnouls (1957) + Climate ....: A. Warm and temperate warm + Region .....: 3. Termoxeroteric (Mediterranean warm) + Thermic type: 4. Mesothermic Thornthwaite (1948) Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. P−E ratio 0.24 0.24 0.21 0.29 0.30 0.19 0.08 0.08 0.16 0.18 0.36 0.31 T−E ratio 2.79 2.88 3.78 5.31 7.02 8.55 10.17 9.90 8.60 6.61 4.05 2.79 Precipitation−effectiveness: 26.56 Temperature−efficiency ....: 72.45 Moisture Index [MI=100*(P−PE)/PE] ...... : −26.07 + C1.Subhumid dry (−33.3

ESP BURGOS °C 42°25’N / 3°11’W / 770 m 400 29.4 BELORADO 300 4.0 [10−10] +13.4 °C 548.0 mm 200 50 100 90 40 80 70 30 60 50 20 40 30 10 20 10 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D mm −10

5 ESP BURGOS °C 42°25’N / 3°11’W / 770 m 29.4 BELORADO 4.0 [10−10] +13.4 °C 548.0 mm Mean Max 50 Mean min Abs Max Abs Min 40

30

20

10

0 JFMAMJJASOND −10

ESP BURGOS 42°25’N / 3°11’W / 770 m BELORADO Period T−P [10−10] Thornthwaite Thornthwaite T−E Ratio P−E Ratio 30 3.0

25 2.5

20 2.0

15 1.5

10 1.0

5 0.5

0 0.0 JFMAMJJASOND

ESP BURGOS 42°25’N / 3°11’W / 770 m BELORADO Period T−P [10−10] Mediterranean Ombrothermic Index [PE/P] Index [P/T] 15.0 30

12.5 25

10.0 20

7.5 15

5.0 10

2.5 5

0.0 0 JFMAMJJASOND

6