Alwar District, Rajasthan
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क� द्र�यू�म भ जल बोड셍 जल संसाधन, नद� �वकास और गंगा संर�ण मंत्रालय भारत सरकार Central Ground Water Board Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Government of India Report on AQUIFER MAPPING AND GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT Alwar District, Rajasthan पि�चमी �ेत्र, जयपुर Western Region, Jaipur Report on AQUIFER MAPPING AND GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT ALWAR, RAJASTHAN (UNDER XII PLAN) CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVANATION GOVERNMENT OF INDIA WESTERN REGION, JAIPUR JULY, 2017 1 CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 6 1.1 Objectives 6 1.2 Scope of the study 6 1.3 Approach & Methodology 6 1.4 Location, Administrative set up and Population 6 1.5 Data availability and Data Adequacy 7 1.5.1 Data Availability 7 1.5.2 Data Adequacy 8 1.5.3 Data Gap Analysis 8 1.5.4 Data Generation 8 1.6 Hydrometeorology 9 1.7 Soil, Land Use, Agriculture, Irrigation, Cropping Pattern 10 1.7.1 Soil 10 1.7.2 Land Use 11 1.7.3 Agriculture 11 1.7.4 Irrigation Practices 12 1.7.5 Cropping Pattern 12 1.8 Physiography & Geomorphology 12 1.8.1 Physiography 12 1.8.2 Geomorphology 12 1.8.3 Drainage 14 1.9 Hydrology 14 1.10 Prevailing Water Conservation Practices 15 2.0 Data Integration, Interpretation, Aquifer Mapping And Ground Water Scenario. 16 2.1 Geology 16 2.2 Hydrogeology 18 2.2.1 Aquifer system 19 2.2.2 Depth to Water Level 28 2 3.0 Ground Water Quality 37 3.1 Electrical Conductivity (EC) 37 3.2 Fluoride 38 3.3 Nitrate 38 3.4 Iron 38 4.0Ground Water Resources 38 5.0 Groundwater Related Issues 43 6.0 Management Strategies 44 6.1 Supply Side Management 44 6.1.1 Artificial recharge to ground water through interventions of various structures 44 6.2 Demand Side Management 47 6.2.1 Change in cropping pattern 47 6.2.2 Adoption of modern practice of sprinkler irrigation/improved irrigation practices 50 7.0 Expected Benefit of Management Strategies 50 3 List of Tables Table 1: Climatological Data, Alwar District Table 2: Land Use, Alwar District Table 3. Geomorphological Units, Alwar District Table 4: Tehsil-Wise Distribution Of River Basin Area, Alwar District Table 5: Status Of Irrigation Bunds,Alwar District Table 6: Ground Water Resources Of Alwar District(As On 31.03.2013) Table 7: Status Of Ground Water Development, Alwar District Table 8: Sustainability Of Ground Water Resources, Alwar District Table 9: Computation of sub-surface storage for artificial recharge, Alwar District Table 10: Block-wise details of feasible recharge structures, Alwar District Table 11: Block-wise water saving through change in cropping pattern and irrigation practice Table12: Summary of expected benefit of management strategies, Alwar district List of Figures Figure 1: Administrative Map, Alwar District Figure 2: Climatology Data, Alwar,District Figure 3: Soil distribution, Alwar District Figure 4. Geomorphology, Alwar District Figure 5: Borehole Lithology, Alwar District Figure 6: Borehole Lithology, Alwar District Figure 7: Hydrogeologiacal map, Alwar District Figure 8: Aquifer Disposition, Alwar District Figure 9: Aquifer Disposition, Alwar District Figure 10: Alignments of hydrogeological cross sections, Alwar District Figure 11A: Section A - A’: Piplai-Narayanpur-Garh Basi-Narainpur Figure 11B: Section B – B’: Gyanpura-Holawas-Shyampura-Bansur-Barariya Figure 11C: Section C – C’: Kanhawas-Fauladpur-Palawa-Darbarpur Figure 11D: Section D – D’: Pur- Bhokar-Tatarpur-Shyampura Figure 11E: Section E – E’ :Khairthal-Bhindusi-Luhadera Figure 11F: Section F – F’: Shahpur-Alwar-Gajura- Kaochikani Figure 11G: Section G –G’: Tehla- Dhamred-Khera Mangal Singh Figure 11G: Section G –G’: Tehla- Dhamred-Khera Mangal Singh 4 Figure 12: Depth to Ground Water Level Map (May, 2015) Alwar District Figure 13: Depth to Ground Water Level (Nov, 2015), Alwar District Figure 14: Seasonal Ground Water Level Fluctuation (pre versus post monsoon, 2015) Figure 15: Depth to Ground Water Level (Nov., 2015), Alwar District Figure 16A:Bansur, Bansur Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 16B:Holawas, Bansur Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 16C:Behror, Behror Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 16D:Kishangarh Bas, Kishangarh Bas Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 16E:Pur, Kotkasim Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 16F:Harsauli, Kotkasim Block(Aquifer-Alluvium) Figure 17: Water Table Map, Alwar District Figure 18: 3-D Water Table Map, Alwar District Figure 19: Distribution of Electrical Conductivity in Ground Water, Alwar District Figure 20: Ground Water Development Status, Alwar District PART B Blockwise Management Plans Of Alwar District 5 Report On National Aquifer Mapping And Management Alwar District, Rajasthan 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Objectives Various developmental activities over the years have adversely affected the groundwater regime in the state. There is a need for scientific planning in development of groundwater under different hydrogeological situation and to evolve effective management practices with involvement of community for better ground water governance. In view of sprouting challenges in the ground water sector in the state there is an urgent need for comprehensive and realistic information pertaining to various aspects of groundwater resource available in different hydrogeological setting through a process of systematic data collection, compilation, data generation, analysis and synthesis. Hence, aquifer mapping and management of the study area is the need of the hour. 1.2 Scope of the study Aquifer mapping can be understood as a scientific process wherein a combination of geological, geophysical, hydrological & chemical fields and laboratory analyses are applied to characterize the quantity, quality, and sustainability of ground water in aquifers. Aquifer mapping is expected to improve our understanding of the geological framework of aquifer, their hydrologic characteristics, water level in aquifer and how they change over time&space and the occurrence of natural and anthropogenic contaminants that affect the portability of groundwater. Results of these studies will contribute significantly to resource management tools such as long term aquifer monitoring network and conceptual and quantitative regional groundwater flow models to be used by planners, policy makers and other stake holders. Aquifer mapping at appropriate scale can help to prepare, implement, and monitor the efficacy of various management interventions aimed at long term sustainability of our precious groundwater recourses, which in turn will help to achieve drinking water scarcity, improved irrigation facilities and sustainability of water resource in the state. 1.3 Approach & Methodology Aquifer mapping is an attempt to integrate the geological, geophysical, hydrological & chemical field and laboratory analyses and are applied to characterize the quality, quantity and sustainability of groundwater in aquifer. Under the National Aquifer Prograrmme, it is proposed to generate Aquifer Maps on 1:50000 scale, which basically aims at characterizing the aquifer geometry, behavior of groundwater levels and status of groundwater development in various aquifer system to facilitate planning of their suitable management. The major activities involved in this process encompass compilation of existing data, identification of data gaps, generation of data for feeling data gaps and preparation of different aquifer layers. The flow chart is as follow 1.4 Location, Administrative set up and Population Alwar district is located in the north eastern part of Rajasthan and extends between north latitude 27° 03’ and 28° 14’ and east longitude 76° 07’ and 77° 13’. It covers 8720 sq. km of 6 geographical area. Its length from south to north is about 137 km and breadth from east to west is about 110 km. The district occupies about 2.45% of total area of the State. Administratively, the district is divided into 12 sub-divisions and 12 tehsils (Alwar Bansur, Behror, Kathumar, Kishangarh Bas, Kotkasim, Laxmangarh, Mandawar, Rajgarh, Ramgarh, Thanagaz and Tijara)and 14 blocks(Bansur, Behror, Kathumar, Kishangarh Bas, Kotkasim, Laxmangarh, Mandawar, Neemrana, Rajgarh, Ramgarh, Reni, Thanagaz,Tijara and Umrain) (Fig.1). District has 2054 villages (including 2021 habited and 33 unhabited), 9 urban towns and 6 Municipalities. As per census 2011, population of the district is 3674179 including 1939026(52.77%) male and 1735153 (47.23%) with population density as 438 persons/sq.km. The population in the rural area is 3019728 (82.19%) & 654451 (17.81%) in urban and sex ratio is 895 female per 1000 male. Population growth in rural and urban between census 2011 and 2001 has been registered as 15.30% and 33.54% respectively. A map of the district showing taluka boundaries, taluka headquarters, physical features and locations of monitoring wells is presented as Figure-1. Figure 1: Administrative Map, Alwar District 1.5 Data availability and Data Adequacy 1.5.1 Data Availability Various ground water related data viz. water level, exploration, aquifer parameters, quality, resources etc. generated so far by CGWB have been utilized for aquifer mapping programme in 7 the area and similar consistent data of Ground Water Department, Govt. of Rajasthan have been amalgamated for the purpose. CGWB has explored aquifer geometry and aquifer parameters determination and deciphering of aquifer quality through construction of 54 exploratory wells, 6 slim holes and 30 piezometers in the district as on March 2016. Ground water regime monitoring is being done through 37 hydrograph stations representing /various hydrogeolgical settings to observe the changes in water level in time and space along with ground water quality. To minimize the data gap, consistent available ground water data of GWD, Govt. of Rajasthan have been integrated and utilized for aquifer mapping. Data of 86 boreholes have been integrated. Estimation of ground water resources is carried out in collaboration with the GWD, Govt. of Rajasthan and approved by the State Level Coordination Committee under the chairmanship of Principal Secretary ( PHED & GWD), Govt. of Rajasthan. 1.5.2 Data Adequacy The available data of CGWB and consistent/validated data of State GWD, have been integrated and analysed the data gap if any in the area.