식품에 사용가능 원료 목록(1363개 ) -식약처 고시 2018.08.30
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Taming the Wild Stewartia©
1 Boland-Tim-2019B-Taming-Stewartia Taming the Wild Stewartia© Timothy M. Boland and Todd J. Rounsaville Polly Hill Arboretum, 809 State Road, West Tisbury, Massachusetts 02575, USA [email protected] Keywords: Asexual propagation, native trees, plant collections, seeds, Stewartia SUMMARY The Polly Hill Arboretum (PHA) began working with native stewartia in 1967. Our founder, Polly Hill, was devoted to growing trees from seed. In 2006, the Polly Hill Arboretum was recognized as the Nationally Accredited Collection holder for stewartia. This status has guided our collection development, particularly on focused seed expeditions, which began in 2007. The PHA has been successful growing both species from seed, however, overwintering survival and transplanting of juvenile plants has proved more challenging. New insights into winter storage of seedlings is beginning to shed light on this problem. Experimentation with overwintering rooted cuttings has revealed that plants have preferred temperature and chilling requirements. These new overwintering protocols have thus far yielded positive results. Recent work with tissue culture has also shown promising results with both species. Future work includes grafting superior clones of our native stewartia onto Asiatic species in an effort to overcome the problematic issues of overwintering, transplantability, and better resistance to soil borne pathogens. Our Plant Collections Network (PCN) development plan outlines our next phase work with stewartia over the upcoming several years. The results of this work will be shared in future years as we continue to bring these exceptional small flowering trees into commercial production. 2 INTRODUCTION The commitment to building Polly Hill Arboretum’s (PHA) stewartia collection is based on our founder Polly Hill’s history with the genus and our own desire to encourage the cultivation of these superb small-flowering trees in home gardens. -
IEEE Paper Word Template in A4 Page Size (V3)
Effect of Sugar Concentrations on Bacterial Cellulose Production as Cellulose Membrane in Mixture Liquid Medium and Material Properties Analysis Faridah1, Selvie Diana2, Helmi3, M. Sami4, Mudliana5 1,2,3,4,5Faculty of Chemical Engineering, State of Polytechnic Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe, 24301, Aceh, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Abstract— Cellulose membrane is bacterial cellulose which and can be used to separate the two components by restraining produced from the fermentation process by Acetobacter xylinum. certain components pass through the pores. Moreover, Cellulose membrane was performed in mixture liquid medium by membrane cellulose also has some advantages in the using coconut water and sugar palm juice as the base medium. separation process; the separation can be operated in In this study, different present sugar concentrations including continuous way and does not need too much energy [13]. The 0%, 7,5% and 10% were added into fermentation medium to enhance bacterial cellulose production. By adding three different first study shows that membrane cellulose from bacterial sugar concentrations, the bacterial cellulose from different sugar cellulose has high mechanical strength and highly hydrophilic concentration was made into cellulose membrane. Cellulose holding water [14]. Therefore bacterial cellulose can be membrane were tested for physical properties of cellulose performed separation membrane. membrane, such as the degree of crystallinity by x-ray diffraction In this study, membrane cellulose was produced by (XRD), water content and thermal decomposition behaviour by Acetobacter xylinum in mixture liquid medium by using TGA, scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), tensile coconut water and sugar palm juice as the base medium. The strength, FTIR spectra of cellulose membrane. -
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UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOPLASTIC SUGAR PALM STARCH/AGAR POLYMER BLEND, REINFORCED SEAWEED WASTE AND SUGAR PALM FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITE RIDHWAN BIN JUMAIDIN FK 2017 62 DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOPLASTIC SUGAR PALM STARCH/AGAR POLYMER BLEND, REINFORCED SEAWEED WASTE AND SUGAR PALM FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITE UPM By RIDHWAN BIN JUMAIDIN COPYRIGHT Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy © May 2017 All material contained within the thesis, including without limitation text, logos, icons, photographs and all other artwork, is copyright material of Universiti Putra Malaysia unless otherwise stated. Use may be made of any material contained within the thesis for non-commercial purposes from the copyright holder. Commercial use of material may only be made with the express, prior, written permission of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Copyright © Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM COPYRIGHT © DEDICATION To Al-Quran, the greatest source of knowledge Bring me sheets of iron" - until, when he had leveled [them] between the two mountain walls, he said, "Blow [with bellows]," until when he had made it [like] fire, he said, "Bring me, that I may pour over it molten copper." (Al-Kahf:Verse 96) & To my beloved father and mother & To my beloved wife UPM & To my beloved daughter and son COPYRIGHT © Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Putra Malaysia in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOPLASTIC SUGAR PALM STARCH/AGAR POLYMER BLEND, REINFORCED SEAWEED WASTE AND SUGAR PALM FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITE By RIDHWAN BIN JUMAIDIN May 2017 Chairman : Mohd Sapuan Bin Salit, PhD Faculty : Engineering UPM In recent, the needs to develop more environmental friendly product is increasing due to the accumulating of non-biodegradable waste, particularly the disposable product. -
WRA Species Report
Family: Arecaceae Taxon: Arenga tremula Synonym: Arenga mindorensis Becc. Common Name: Philippines dwarf sugar palm Caryota tremula Blanco (basionym) Saguerus mindorensis (Becc.) O. F. Cook Wallichia tremula (Blanco) Mart. Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: EVALUATE Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, -
Hydraulic Traits Are More Diverse in Flowers Than in Leaves
Research Hydraulic traits are more diverse in flowers than in leaves Adam B. Roddy1 , Guo-Feng Jiang2,3 , Kunfang Cao2,3 , Kevin A. Simonin4 and Craig R. Brodersen1 1School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; 2State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; 4Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA Summary Author for correspondence: Maintaining water balance has been a critical constraint shaping the evolution of leaf form Adam B. Roddy and function. However, flowers, which are heterotrophic and relatively short-lived, may not Tel: +1 510 224 4432 be constrained by the same physiological and developmental factors. Email: [email protected] We measured physiological parameters derived from pressure–volume curves for leaves Received: 3 December 2018 and flowers of 22 species to characterize the diversity of hydraulic traits in flowers and to Accepted: 11 February 2019 determine whether flowers are governed by the same constraints as leaves. Compared with leaves, flowers had high saturated water content, which was a strong pre- New Phytologist (2019) 223: 193–203 dictor of hydraulic capacitance in both leaves and flowers. Principal component analysis doi: 10.1111/nph.15749 revealed that flowers occupied a different region of multivariate trait space than leaves and that hydraulic traits are more diverse in flowers than in leaves. Key words: diversity, drought tolerance, Without needing to maintain high rates of transpiration, flowers rely on other hydraulic evolution, flower, hydraulics, water relations. -
Palm Sap Sources, Characteristics, and Utilization in Indonesia
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2018, Vol. 6, No. 9, 590-596 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/6/9/8 © Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/jfnr-6-9-8 Palm Sap Sources, Characteristics, and Utilization in Indonesia Teguh Kurniawan1,*, Jayanudin1,*, Indar Kustiningsih1, Mochamad Adha Firdaus2 1Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Cilegon, Indonesia 2Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia *Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected] Received August 15, 2018; Revised September 19, 2018; Accepted September 28, 2018 Abstract Sap from various species palm trees in which known as neera generally produced by traditional technology in Indonesia. There are 5 well known palm species that produce Neera in Indonesia such as arenga palm, coconut tree, doub palm, nipa palm and palm oil. Neera can be utilized as raw material for various derivatives such as palm sugar, sweet palm toddy, and alcoholic toddy. Tapping of neera is a crucial step because neera prone to immediately degrade and causing poor quality of palm sugar. Traditional sugar processing has some drawbacks for example: low energy efficiency processing and off-specification products. On the other side, sugar palm neera has important antioxidant component which benefits for human that unavailable in normal white sugar from sugarcane. In this current review, characterization of neera from various palms in Indonesia and available technology on sugar palm processing such as spray dryer and membrane ultrafiltration will be discussed. Keywords: neera, palm sugar, antioxidant, spray dryer, membrane Cite This Article: Teguh Kurniawan, Jayanudin, Indar Kustiningsih, and Mochamad Adha Firdaus, ―Palm Sap Sources, Characteristics, and Utilization in Indonesia.‖ Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, vol. -
Giant Palm Weevils of the Genus Rhynchophorus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Their Threat to Florida Palms
DACS-P-01719 Pest Alert created 18-February-2010 Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry Adam H. Putnam, Commissioner of Agriculture Giant Palm Weevils of the Genus Rhynchophorus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Their Threat to Florida Palms Michael C. Thomas, Taxonomic Entomologist, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry INTRODUCTION: The giant palm weevils of the genus Rhynchophorus Herbst are among the worst palm pests in the world. One species, Rhynchophorus cruentatus (Fabricius), is native to Florida and the southeastern US. Two other species, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) and Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.), are found in the New World and are considered to be threats to palms in Florida. Of particular concern is R. ferrugineus, known as the red palm weevil. It is a pest of coconut and other palms in its native range. Over the past three decades, its range has expanded into the Middle East, North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It attacks many palm species, but is especially devastating on date palms. It recently became established in Curaçao in the Caribbean, placing it ever closer to Florida. In each case, it is suspected that the weevils travelled with imported palms. In January 2010, the federal government prohibited the importation into the United States of live palms belonging to 17 genera. IDENTIFICATION: Identification of adult palm weevils is straightforward as they are the largest weevils in NorthAmerica, ranging from about 1 to 1.8 inches (25mm to 45mm) in length. The individual species are rather similar, but the three species under consideration can be distinguished by the following key: 1. -
Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae
horticulturae Review Seed Geometry in the Arecaceae Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo 1, José Javier Martín-Gómez 2 , Ángel Tocino 3 and Emilio Cervantes 2,* 1 Departamento de Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre (CYMVIS), Universidad Estatal Amazónica (UEA), Carretera Tena a Puyo Km. 44, Napo EC-150950, Ecuador; [email protected] 2 IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain; [email protected] 3 Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de la Merced 1–4, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-923219606 Received: 31 August 2020; Accepted: 2 October 2020; Published: 7 October 2020 Abstract: Fruit and seed shape are important characteristics in taxonomy providing information on ecological, nutritional, and developmental aspects, but their application requires quantification. We propose a method for seed shape quantification based on the comparison of the bi-dimensional images of the seeds with geometric figures. J index is the percent of similarity of a seed image with a figure taken as a model. Models in shape quantification include geometrical figures (circle, ellipse, oval ::: ) and their derivatives, as well as other figures obtained as geometric representations of algebraic equations. The analysis is based on three sources: Published work, images available on the Internet, and seeds collected or stored in our collections. Some of the models here described are applied for the first time in seed morphology, like the superellipses, a group of bidimensional figures that represent well seed shape in species of the Calamoideae and Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud. -
Arenga Pinnata Family
Family: Arecaceae Taxon: Arenga pinnata Synonym: Arenga gamuto (Houtt.) Merr. Common Name sugar palm Arenga griffithii Seem. ex H. Wendl. Arenga saccharifera Labill. ex DC. Borassus gomutus Lour. Caryota onusta Blanco Gomutus rumphii Corrêa Gomutus saccharifer (Labill. ex DC.) Spreng. Gomutus vulgaris Oken Saguerus gamuto Houtt. Saguerus pinnatus Wurmb (basionym) Saguerus rumphii (Corrêa) Roxb. Saguerus saccharifer (Labill. ex DC.) Blume Sagus gomutus (Lour.) Perr. Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 7 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y -
(Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) Farmer Through Their Interaction with the Environment
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 7, ISSUE 7, JULY 2018 ISSN 2277-8616 Empowerment Model Of Aren (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) Farmer Through Their Interaction With The Environment Weka Widayati, Usman Rianse, Hilaluddin Hanafi, Weka Gusmiarty Abdullah Abstract: This study analyzed the factor supporting formulate the empowerment model and find out empowerment model through interaction between aren farmer and environment. The results showed that social economic conditions of aren (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) farmers, among others: all of aren farmers were in the productive age (42 year old in average), their experience in farming practice between 5-35 years, their formal education were elementary school, most of them (68.75%) have dependents more than three people, and average aren farmers have 10-15 aren trees (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) . The existing programs about farmer empowerment only partial emphasis on the economic aspect that focused on cultivated plants without pay attention to various benefit (social, economic, and environmental benefit) of aren trees (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr). Aren farmer empowerment model based on their interaction with the environment could increase the farmer’s income, ensuring the social value and sustainability of the area function. Key word: aren farmer, empowerment model, environment, interaction, sustainable ——————————————————— 1 Introduction This has an impact on the poorly protected environment of Aren trees (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) are pioneer soil structure, fertility, and water content. The environmental plant. It could grow in places where other plants cannot conservation function is owned by aren trees (Arenga grow. Aren trees (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) are quite Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr) is not owned by plantations or crops extensive, from the coast to the top of mountain and wet cultivated by farmers as a substitute for aren trees (Arenga tropical forests. -
Stewartias 7
University of Delaware BotanicG ardens MISSION STATEMENT & GOALS The mission of the University of Delaware Botanic Gardens is to support the Education, Research, and Service missions of the Plant and Soil Sciences Department, and to provide an aesthetically pleasing environment for the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Contents 4 ............ Stewartias 7 ............ Plant Description Table 25 ............ Plant Sale Patrons 26 ............ Plant Sale Advertisers 36 ............ Plants Available Day of Sale 1 The I invite you to participate in the fourteenth annual University of Delaware Fourteenth Botanic Gardens (UDBG) plant sale. Please read the following information carefully, as several major changes were made in the sale this year. The plant Annual sale will occur at the following times: Friends Preview (New Time!) – Friday, April 28 from 8:00–10:00 AM in plastic greenhouse. UDBG Benefit Presale Pick-up – Friday, April 28 from 2:00–7:00 PM in plastic greenhouse (closing 1 hour earlier than in past years). Plant Sale Plant Sale – Saturday, April 29 from 9:30 AM–4:00 PM in plastic greenhouses. The sale will be located inside the fenced-in plastic greenhouses across from Fischer Greenhouse on the University of Delaware campus (north of the University of Delaware football stadium, adjacent to the Blue Ice Arena). The plant sale is organized by the Department of Plant and Soil Science faculty, staff and students in conjunction with the UDBG Friends and volunteers. NEW IN 2006: The UDBG Friends preview of the sale will move to Friday morning from 8:00–10:00 AM for its members. During this time, UDBG Friends will be able to pick up their preorders and/or purchase plants. -
Globular Embryo Induction of Sugar Palm (Arenga Pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.)
International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2014 Globular Embryo Induction of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) Micha Gracianna Devi, Agus Purwito, and Ali Husni Abstract—The objective of this study was to get the best seed formation, low germination ability, as well as non- media to produce somatic embryos from zygotic embryos of uniform seedling growth [2] . sugar palm. This research was conducted at Tissue Culture Non-conventional breeding programs through Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, biotechnology is an alternative solution that can help Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University from provide high yield varieties. In order to establish these October 2012 to April 2013. This research consisted of three phases which were callus induction, globular embryo induction, protocols, studies using tissue culture through somatic and globular embryo maturation. Sterilization using NaOCl embryogenesis which is a technique that can be used to 1.575 % and alcohol 96 % was able to provide the most sterile grow relatively uniform somatic embryos in a large amount explants for treatment A1 (MS + 3 mg l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg l-1 NAA) of scale should be initiated. Based on totipotency theory of 89 % (16/18). During callus induction phase, embryogenic -1 where plant cells can regenerate into a new plantlet, it can callus were mostly formed at treatment A5 (MS + 3 mg l 2,4- open up new opportunities to create varieties with specific D + 0.2 mg l-1 NAA + 100 mg l-1 biotin) which is 73.4 % after 8 weeks. All explants were able to form globular embryos on characteristics.