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Recommendations for trucks and buses - 2016/2017

WINTER RECOMM ENDAT IONS 2016/2017 KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG, Webersdorf 11, A-5132 Geretsberg, T +43 (0)7748/7241-0, www.kraiburg-austria.com T A-5132 Geretsberg, 11, Austria GmbH & Co. KG, Webersdorf KRAIBURG AIS winter application information system .

M-Winter and S-Winter GENERAL INFORMATION M-WINTER: Central European weather conditions One of the major factors when driving a commercial - Change from wet and dry surfaces in spring and autumn vehicle in wintry conditions is the transmission of the - Changing road surface conditions depending on time of day and route (dry, wet, slush, motive forces to the road surface. In addition to the snow, ice), with clearing and gritting services provided at short intervals during the service brake, it is the retarder and/or the engine brake which help provide the necessary additional winter deceleration and the brake application. S-WINTER: Scandinavian weather conditions This accounts for the prime importance of the part - Extreme winter conditions in Central Europe (Scandinavian conditions), areas of heavy played by the tyres for the drive axle. This also ex- snow and uncleared in low mountain ranges and high mountains plains why most tyres for drive axles come with an - Prolonged, unchanging road surface conditions (hard-packed snow, ice) and longer M+S marking. The KRAIBURG treads recommended intervals between clearing and gritting, or no clearing and gritting services for use in the table are listed as a general guide only. It is important to note that incorrect use of winter tyres can cause excessive wear and irregularities in the profiling. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS A profile which is designed for use on snow-covered roads could have an irregular tread pattern and could - KRAIBURG recommends a minimum tread depth of 6-8 mm on the drive axle to maintain fail to achieve the target mileage if used predomi- and to remain fit for purpose in wintry conditions nantly on snow-free roads. - KRAIBURG recommends fitting winter tyres in the autumn in order to maximise mileage - KRAIBURG wishes to advise winter tyre users of the importance of upholding the relevant laws Please make sure that the tyre pressure is correct, in force in the country of their use

especially on winter tyres, with reference to the per- - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG missible loads and maximum weights.

2 AIS winter application information system .

3PMSF - three-peak mountain snowflake symbol NEW

New tyres are subject to approval under ECE-117 R (directive for tyres with regard to noise emission, wet grip and ), with the initial marking of tyres with regard to their „winter suitability“ linked to a „performance test“. The „3PMSF“ symbol (three-peak mountain snowflake symbol or ALPINE) is used as a marking for tyres which meet the criteria. The previous „M+S, M&S“ markings are based solely on classifications devised by the tread manufacturers. In the case of , the companies must ensure that the retreads meet the tyre labelling requirements. The „3PMSF“ test provides the proof of added performance in respect of the traction and braking properties in comparison with a standard reference tyre for all tyre and tread manufacturers. In order to increase the competitiveness of the truck retreads, KRAIBURG tested selected winter treads for conformity with ECE-117 R Appendix 7 for class C3 tyres.

All the truck tyres with winter treads which were tested demonstrated the required minimum 25 % better traction than the reference tyres. KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG, Webersdorf 11, A-5132 Geretsberg, T +43 (0)7748/7241-0, www.kraiburg-austria.com 3 AIS winter application information system .

Fernverkehr Verteilerverkehr Stadtverkehr Long Distance Regional Traffic Urban Traffic M-Winter S-Winter M-Winter S-Winter M-Winter S-Winter

K 54 plus K 225 plus K 215 plus K 203 plus K 215 plus K 225 plus K 54 plus K 215 plus K 201 plus K 16 base K 50 base K 51 base K 54 plus K 215 plus K 201 plus K 16 base K 51 base K 215 plus K 54 plus K 225 base K 215 base K 203 tech K 215 base K 225 base K 54 base K 215 base K 54 base K 215 base K 215 base

Antrieb Traction

K 202 plus K 201 plus K 203 plus K 48 tech K 204 tech K 213 tech K 202 plus K 225 plus K 228 plus K 215 plus K 225 plus K 213 tech K 221 base K 26 base K 51 base K 204 tech K 213 tech K 701 tech K 202 base K 203 tech K 202 base K 225 base K 228 base K 215 base K 225 base

K 221 base K 52 base K 700 tech K 51 base K 701 tech K 26 base K 221 base K 50 base K 204 tech K 701 tech K 52 base

K 51 base K 52 base K 700 tech KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

60er Serie K 73 tech K 74 tech K 700 tech K 73 tech K 74 tech K 73 tech K 74 tech K 700 tech K 73 tech K 74 tech K 73 tech K 74 tech K 73 K 74 Series

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4 AIS winter application information system .

Fernverkehr Verteilerverkehr Stadtverkehr Long Distance Regional Traffic Urban Traffic M-Winter S-Winter M-Winter S-Winter M-Winter S-Winter

K 201 plus K 203 plus K 73 tech K 204 tech K 48 tech K 224 base K 43 plus K 43 plus K 224 base K 701 tech K 214 plus K 47 base K 224 base K 224 base K 204 tech K 701 tech K 203 tech K 43 tech K 43 tech

Bus

K 43 plus K 51 base K 702 plus K 43 tech

Leicht-LKW K 26 base K 50 base K 225 plus K 225 plus K 26 base K 50 base K 225 plus K 225 plus K 50 base K 26 base K 50 base K 50 base K 225 base K 225 base K 225 base K 225 base Light Truck KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

K 801 tech K 801 tech K 32 tech K 103 tech K 801 tech K 801 tech K 32 tech K 103 tech Auflieger K 801 plus K 801 plus K 801 plus K 801 plus Trailer

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5 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked ) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Austria Winter tires compulsory from November 1 to Snow chains must be carried in vehicle for at least Studded tires are prohibited for vehicles > 3.5t April 15. Risk of driving ban and heavy fines if two drive axle tires from November 1 to April 15. GVW. you do not comply (35 up to 5,000€). Trucks > 3.5t Exceptions for public service buses apply. GVW must be equipped with M+S tires on at least Use on roads covered with snow and ice. one drive axle with a min. tread depth of 6mm (bias) and 5mm (radial). Winter tires are compulsory for buses (categories M2, M3) from November 1 to March 15.

Germany Situational winter equipment requirement: Ve- Use of snow chains when indicated by traffic 60 € fine for unsuitable tires, 80 € fine for causing hicles < 3.5t GVW must be equipped with winter/ signs. Studded tires prohibited. Exception: obstruction/disturbance of traffic due to unsuitable M+S tires on all . Vehicles > 3.5t GVW must Route via „Kleines Deutsches Eck“. tires, 100 € fine for causing hazardous situation be equipped with winter/M+S tires on the drive due to unsuitable tires, 120 € fine for causing axles. Time period not specified. an accident due to unsuitable tires. Plus 1 point each. (Flensburg Point System)

Switzerland No general winter regulations, regional regula- If authorities announce snow chain obligation, Studded tires are permitted for vehicles < 3.5t tions are possible in wintery road conditions (e.g. only snow chains are permitted (four- drive GVW between November 1 and April 30 or on alpine pass-roads). Min tread depth for winter vehicles may be excluded). Use of snow chains in snowcovered roads. Max. speed 80km/h. Studded tires 1.6mm. In case of an accident with standard case of respective road signs and conditions. tires have to be labled with a sticker 80km/h. tires in wintry conditions, be aware of liability issues.

Belgium No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires prohibited. Symmetric fitting compulsory for M+S and winter snow and/or ice. tires.

Bosnia Herzegovina From November 15 to April 15 there are two Snow chains must be carried in vehicle from No- Snow shovel and bag of sand from 25 to 50kg

options that are mandatory for vehicles with more vember 15 to April 15. must be carried in vehicle. - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG than 8 seats and for vehicles with > 3.5t GVW: Studded tires prohibited. Option 1: Tires with winter profile on the drive axle with min. 4mm tread depth. Option 2: Tires with standard profile with min. 4mm tread depth, in case of winter conditions (e.g. snow fall, freezing rain) snow chains need to be mounted on the drive axle.

01.10.2016 6 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Belarus No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires allowed. snow and ice.

Bulgaria No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains must be carried in vehicle from No- Studded tires prohibited. vember 1 to March 31. Without adequate winter equipment the entry into Usage is compulsory on mountain passes when the country may be refused or a driving ban may indicated by traffic signs. be issued.

Croatia Winter tires compulsory from November 15 to Snow chains required for drive axle in certain con- Studded tires prohibited. Commercially used ve- April 15. M+S tires are compulsory on the drive ditions (if the vehicle is equipped with SU tires). hicles must carry a snow shovel. axle of vehicles > 3.5t GVW. Snow chains compulsory in some regions (Lika/ Gorski Kotar).

Czech Republic Winter tires compulsory from November 1 to Differing traffic signs possible. Snow chains are Studded tires prohibited. March 31 depending on road conditions in winter, compulsory if indicated by traffic signs on at least or in case of sign „winter kit”. M+S tires are com- 2 drive wheels of vehicles with 3 and more axles. pulsory on the drive axle of vehicles > 3.5t GVW with min. 6mm tread depth.

Denmark No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains allowed from November 1 to April 15. Studded tires allowed from November 1 to April 15. Studded tires should be mounted on all tires during this period. KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

Estonia Winter tires compulsory (radial tires with min. 3mm Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires are prohibited for vehicles > 3.5t tread depth) from December 1 to March 1 (also snow and ice. GVW. from October to April depending on weather conditions).

01.10.2016 7 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Finland Vehicles > 3.5t GVW with min. 1.6mm tread depth. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires allowed from November 1 to first snow and ice. Monday after Easter. Depending on the weather conditions this period may be extended. Max. speed 80km/h for vehicles > 3.5t GVW. Allowed are: Average saliency max. 1.5mm and max. 50 studs per meter circumferen- ce in tires produced after July 1, 2013.

France No general winter tire regulations. Use of snow chains when indicated by traffic Vehicles < 3.5t GVW: Studded tires allowed from Exceptions are indicated by traffic signs. signs. first Saturday before November 11 to last Sunday of March, max. speed 90km/h. Vehicles with stud- ded tires have to be labeled with a sticker. Stud- ded tires are prohibited for vehicles > 3.5t GVW.

Great Britain No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered Studded tires allowed as long as with snow and ice. the street surface doesn‘t get damaged. Otherwise a regress is possible.

Hungary No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires prohibited. snow and ice. The application and entrainment of snow chains may be compulsory due to special weather conditions (max speed 50km/h) . In wintry conditions the entry may be rejected for foreign vehicles if no snow chains are carried on board.

Ireland No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed when roads covered Studded tires are allowed, max. speed 96/112 with snow and ice. km/h (national road/motorway). KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

Italy No general winter tire regulations. An anti-skid device (e.g. snow chains) must be Winter regulation prot. RU/1580 applies only to the Exceptions are indicated by traffic signs. carried in vehicle. following vehicle categories: M1, N1 and O1.

01.10.2016 8 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Kosovo No general winter regulations. Snow chains for drive axle must be carried in the Studded tires prohibited. Buses and trucks must vehicle. Use according to traffic signs and condi- carry a snow shovel. tions.

Latvia Winter tires (M+S) compulsory for vehicles < 3.5t Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires allowed between October 1 and April GVW from December 1 to March 1. Min. 3mm snow and ice. 30 for vehicles > 3.5t GVW. tread depth.

Liechtenstein No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains allowed. Not necessary in valleys. Vehicles > 7.5t GVW: Studded tires allowed from However, there are liability issues if non-adequate In the mountains, traffic signs indicate if snow November 1 to April 30, max. speed 80km/h. All tires are used. Vehicle equipment must match chains are compulsory. tires should be equipped with studded tires. weather conditions. Vehicles with studded tires have to be labeled with a sticker.

Lithuania Winter tires compulsory for vehicles < 3.5t GVW Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires allowed between November 1 and from November 1 and April 1. snow and ice. April 1.

Luxembourg All drive-axles on trucks and buses need to be Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires prohibited. equipped with winter tires (M+S suffices) during snow and ice. winter conditions (snow, ice, glazed frost). KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

Macedonia No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains must be carried in vehicle from Oc- Coaches and heavy trucks must carry snow sho- tober 15 to March 15 if vehicle has only standard vels. Studded tires prohibited. tires fitted.

01.10.2016 9 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Montenegro Tires marked with M+S symbol or winter tires com- Snow chains for drive axle must be carried in the Studded tires prohibited. Buses and trucks must pulsory from November to April on specific roads, vehicle. Use according to traffic sings and condi- carry a snow shovel. specified by Ministery of Police. Min. 4mm tread tions. depth.

Netherlands No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains not allowed on public roads. Studded tires prohibited.

Norway Vehicles > 3.5t GVW min. 5mm tread depth com- Vehicles > 3.5t GVW are mandatory to carry snow Studded tires (protrusion average 1.7mm) allowed pulsory between November 1 and including first chains in the period when it is legal to use studs. from November 1 to the first Sunday after Easter. Monday after Easter (South Norway) and bet- A truck with trailer must bring 7 chains. In ‚Nordland, Troms and Finnmark‘ from October ween October 16 and including April 30 (North 16 to April 30. Norway). Trucks and trailers: studded tires on the same Mandatory use of winter tires on all axle positions axle. If twinmounted one tire is sufficient. from November 15 to March 31. Please find a list In Trondheim and Oslo a fee is charged for the with approved winter tires on www.stro.no usage of studded tires: daily tickets may be acqui- red at vending machines along the arterial roads or by telephone or SMS (send from a Norwegian, Swedish or Danish telephone number). Monthly and annual tickets for Trondheim may be acquired at Trondheim City Parking Office in Erling, Skak- kes Gate 40, 7012 Trondheim. Daily tickets cost about 3.90 Euro, monthly tickets about 52 Euro und annual tickets about 155 Euro (Costs double for vehicles > 3.5t GVW). A violation is fined with 97 Euro.

Poland No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires prohibited. - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG snow and ice. Adequate traffic signs on roads where snow chains are compulsory.

Portugal No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains temporarily compulsory when Studded tires prohibited. indicated by traffic signs (only happens in highest areas).

10 01.10.2016 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Romenia In case of wintry road conditions M+S or win- Vehicles > 3.5t GVW have to be equipped with Shovel and sand required for vehicles > 3.5t GVW. ter tires are compulsory for the drive axle of all snow chains which need to be mounted when Studded tires prohibited. vehicles > 3.5t GVW and vehicles transporting indicated by respective traffic signs. people (with more than 9 seats).

Russia New Technical Regulation expected. Snow chains are recommended but not compul- Use of studded tires is forbidden in the summer In months December, January, February passen- sory. months (June, July, August). ger, light truck, trucks and buses must be equip- ped on all axles with tires marked M+S or with the 3PMSF-Symbol (Three Peak Mountain Snowfla- ke-Symbol). Minimum tread depth 4mm.

Serbia Tires marked with M+S symbol or winter tires Snow chains for drive axle must be carried in the Studded tires prohibited. Buses and trucks must compulsory from November to April. Min 4 mm vehicle. Use according to traffic sings and condi- carry a snow shovel. tread depth. Use according to trafic signs and tions. conditions.

Slovakia Winter/M+S tires compulsory for trucks > 3.5t Snow chains must be carried in vehicle. Studded tires prohibited. GVW from November 15 and March 31 on drive Use according to traffic signs and conditions. axle (min. 3mm tread depth).

Slovenia From November 15 to April 15 there are two op- Snow chains must be carried in vehicles > 3.5 Studded tires prohibited. tions that are mandatory on vehicles > 3.5 t GVW: t GVW if no winter tires are fitted. option 1: winter tires at least on the drive axle (min. 3 mm tread depth) option 2: standard tires,

but chains must be carried in the vehicle to be - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG mounted on drive axle in case of winter conditions.

Spain No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains allowed when indicated by traffic si- Usage of studded tires with up to 2mm studs are Winter/M+S tires compulsory when indicated by gns or the authorities. Snow chains only permitted allowed on snow-covered roads. traffic signs or the authorities. on roads covered with snow and ice.

01.10.2016 11 Regulations for the use of winter tyres (M + S marked tires) .

COUNTRY winter tyre regulations snow chain regulations further information

Sweden In winter conditions, minimum tread depth is Snow chains recommended to be carried in the Studded tires are allowed from October 1 to April 5mm on all tires except trailer tires. M+S marked vehicle. 15. Depending on the weather conditions this pe- winter tires are compulsory on the drive axle for riod may be extended. Maximum of 50 studs per vehicles > 3.5t GVW from December 1 to March meter circumference in tires produced after July 31. For a list of approved winter tires for the drive 1, 2013. Please consider exceptions concerning axle please visit www.stro.se. specific roads.

Turkey From December 1 to April 1 it is compulsory for Snow chains recommended to be carried in the Tow rope and chock should be carried in the vehic- commercial vehicles to use winter tires for intercity vehicle and to be used on roads covered with le. Studded tires also can be used as a winter tire. usages. In cities, local authorities will define the snow and ice. time period for each city individually. All types of trucks, tractors and buses have to be equipped with tires marked with the M+S, the M+S and 3PMSF symbol or with the 3PMSF symbol on the drive axles. All types of vans, light trucks, pi- ckups and passenger that are used for com- mercial purposes (Taxi, etc.) have to be equipped with tires marked with the M+S, the M+S and 3PMSF symbol or with the 3PMSF symbol on all axles. When using retreaded tires, the tread pattern has to be a winter tire pattern. Min. tread depth of commercial vehicle tires is 4mm.

Ukraine No general winter tire regulations. Snow chains only allowed on roads covered with Studded tires are allowed. snow and ice. KRAIBURG Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com - 01.10.2016 Austria GmbH & Co. KG - www.kraiburg-austria.com KRAIBURG

We are currently not aware of general winter tire rules / snow chain regulations for trucks in the following countries: Cyprus, Greece and Malta. Please consult the traffic regulations in the res- pective countries for special snow chain and studded tire rules. Despite careful research, we cannot guarantee that the information is correct and complete.

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