Fran tis c fiie e . WES T W S T RAT T O N CH URC H TO E R , . LT HEST O RY O F ST RA TT O N CHURCH /

FRED ERIC A ME B NE M j S O . , A .

H O N C O N O F RO A ND S O VICA R O F ST RA T ’I‘ O N . AN TRU METIME

W L L A M BREND O N SO N L M T ED I I , I I

FO REWO RD

o o e e on e e m e 1 1 1 h e e th e . WH E N Can n B n di d D c b r 3 , 9 7 , l ft MS

of o e . th is oo h e f E . t o o e . b k in hands his br th r , Mr dward W B n

For e e e e o B o e of o nin t n y ars Can n n was Vicar Stratt n , and this account Of his form e r church w a s th e dive rsion of his closing

e e e o y ars sothat h e Spe aks both from intimacy and from r fl cti n . In th e pre paration of th e book I had be e n of som e assistance t o him e o e for o e of th e eo e e , and was r sp nsibl s m th ri s advanc d , such ast h e s e tting - ou t of th e Norman church and I was accordingly B o e e e E. h o e t o e i e e . ask d by Mr . W . n sup rv s t publicati n I hav l ft th e e o e t o e for e o e o narrativ as far as p ssibl sp ak its lf , c rr cting nly some obvious mistake s and making a few compr e ssions t o avoid e e o few e e e o e e e r p titi n . In a instanc s I hav add d a n t wh r e lucidation s e e me d d e sirable or a diffe re nc e Of Opinion might e xist . T h e visitor t o th e church with but limite d time w h o wishe s t o u se oo a s e o t t o e V this b k a guid , sh uld turn s raight Chapt r T h e o of th e e e e e h e St ry Fabric . At gr at r l isur will find himse lf we ll re paid by a pe rusal of th e re maining chapt e rs of

‘ o o e th e e o o is a r l cal hist ry , bas d On r c rds in which Stratt n p tic u la rl m e e e t h e e y rich , but which ight quallyw ll d pict daily lif of m any anothe r parish in an e poch which is now more than e ve r e e e b ing l ft b hind . In conclusion I m ay say that it is propos e d to hand ove r any profits on th e sal e Of this book t ot h e Vicar Of Stratton for church o e o E . e t oMrs . . purp s s I Sh uld lik toadd a word Of thanks . H W . Dunkin for pe rmission to re produce t h e illustration of t h e ’ Arund ell Brass from h er late husband s work on t he M on u men ta l B ra sse s o C n or wa ll For t h e of h e a m e o e . f . plan t church I r sp nsibl

B A S IL S TAL L Y B RA S S . 1 2 C QU E E N AN N E TERRA E , PL Y MOUTH . BIO G RA PHICA L NO TE

T H E R v B e e a s . o e e e e e m e . Fr d ric J n was , ducat d at Ch lt nha

“ l H o e e e e h e o e e e t o o e e m e . e C ll g , wh nc pr c d d Trinity C l g , Ca bridg

o of hi - H oo e e 8 e s o e e . e e 1 6 was a Sch lar C ll g t k his d gr in 7 , b ing

' h e e e e m o of e t 22n d Wrangl r in th Math atical Trip s that y ar . He O e E e e 1 8 0 e th e r e m was rdain d at x t r in 7 , b ing fi st cl rgy an o o m H e e o o e e e . rdain d by Bish p T pl was Curat Of Stratt n , C rn

s om 1 8 0 t o 1 8 th e m e om 1 8 wall , fr 7 73 , and Vicar Of sa parish fr 73 . o 1 8 2 H “ E om 1 8 2 o 1 0 t . e . e t 9 was Vicar Of S N wlyn ast fr 9 9 3 ,

H n f 1 8 om 1 0 t o and appointed o : Canon o Truro in 9 6 . Fr 9 3 1 9 1 5 h e was Pre be nd of Ma nh ays in th e Collegiat e Church of E e o f r 1 1 h o o o . e nd lli n , and Vicar Lanhyd ck , C rnwall In 9 5 — resigne d t h e tw o last m e ntion e d office s ow 1 n g to failing he alth

ri ie d Exmo e o on th e e e m e 1 1 . a d d at uth , D v n , 3 I st D c b r , 9 7 CO NTENTS

F W OR E O R D .

B IO G RAPHI CA L NOTE

CHA PT ER I PR E- . NOR MAN TIMES

II. TH E NO RMANS

III X O F L IVING . TH E TA ATION T H E

IV B L A NC HM INS T ER L E IN . TH E FAMI Y AND T H E FFI G Y TH E C H URC H

O F B C V, TH E STO RY TH E FA R I

VI G B K C V C . TH E OU NTE O O AND T H E C HU R H SER I ES

VII B . TH E GO UNT E OO K AN D CH U R C H FUNDS

VIII . TH E G O UNT E B OO K AN D CO NT EMPORARY EVENTS

’ X S T I . TH E O CKWA RD ENS ACC O UNTS

X . TH E VI CARS O F STRATTON AND T H E GO UNTE B O O K E

XI B L . TH E ARUNDEL MONU M ENT AN D TH E AVERY TA ET

XII . TH E R ESTO RATION O F TH E O L D CH U R CH

APPENDI CES

X INDE . L IST O F IL L UST RAT IO NS

W W S C U C EST TO ER , TRATTON H R H

‘ TH E B L A NCHM I NS T ER EFFIG V

T E F H , ONT

' FOU RTEENT H CENT URY PI ER WITHCA RV ED B ASE

N V K G E B R A E LOO IN AST , EFOR E ESTORATION

L SOUT H ARCADE . AND P U PIT

B RASS T O “ S I R joH N AR UNDE L L O F T RER ICE

L O F S T W GROU ND P AN . ANDRE STRATTON T HE ST O RY O F ST RA TT O N C HURCH

CHAPTER I — P REN ORMAN TIM E S

S O ME knowl e dg e Of th e Christian religion must hav e re ache d th e Celtic trib e s in Cornwall at a v e ry e arly age through t h e fo h m e rchants w h o. cross e d ove r from Gaul t o trad e r t e highly e o e o m o t h e valu d tin , Of which C rnwall and D v n had al st m e m e th e o o o e for th e o e o . n p ly , as w ll as th r pr ducts Of th ir in s In fifth c e ntury cam e th e holy m e n and wom e n from South Wale s om e W o e m e e e e e e e so m and fr Ir land , h s na s hav b n pr s rv d in any th e o e e th e e o o Of C rnish church s and parish s , and in c ntury f ll w in t h e o o e o t h e e th e e e e g , as Sax n invasi n dr w t wards W st , r fug s om t h e e e of B o m o fr n ar r parts ritain s ught an asylu in C rnwall , m e t o e o e th e omm e a lrc e and ca r inf rc Christian c uniti s ady xisting , or t o e e e of e start fr sh c ntr s Christian lif . B u t th e Saxons thems elve s did n ot re ach Cornwall b e fore the y h T h e o e o e had accepte d t e Christian faith . c nv rsi n Of K nt e t h e e n d t h e e e o e th e e nd of t h e b gan in Of Sixth c ntury , and b f r e e e E In om e B oo s v nth c ntury all ngland was Christian . D sday k , which d e scrib e s h ow t h e land was held b e fore t h e com ing Of th e o m n o o e a re e m e e ou o N r a s , f ur th usand church s nu rat d thr gh ut En o t h e e o om om e e t h e m e o gland , th ugh r c rd is far fr c pl t , nti n Of e e n o e of e m e for a church b ing accid ntal , and r turn church s is ad e i e e or o e e e Lancashir , M ddl s x , C rnwall . Wh n th n Ath lstan ove rran Cornwall in 9 26 a n d com pl et e d th e conqu e st which E e e h e m e n ot e o e e - u gb rt b gan , ca as a d str y r , but as a build r p Of th e m e o o e e e e om h im e Church , and any r ligi us h us s r c iv d fr fr sh e e m n e w E e o e privil g s and uch land . And this nglish rac Sh w d th e ms e lve s e xtraordinarily quick and e age r t o le arn in t h e mo e t h e e mo e oo nast ry schools . In gr at nast ry sch l at Whitby e th e e of t h e e e e e e o o und r rul Abb ss Hilda th r w r a th usand sch lars , m e m om G m e e om e o any Of th fr ove rs e as . re at na s hav c d wn — to us from thos e far O ff tim e s of Christian missionari e s like 1 2 T HE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH

e of e e E Cuthb rt and Wilfrid , Christian kings lik Alfr d and dward ’ th e Mart r . of oe e Cmdmon th e e in Hilda s y , p ts lik , h rdsman , monaste ry at Whitby w h o turn e d th e Bible story into English ve rs e sothat th e pe ople might le arn it by he art and of mission ' e w h o e ou t o th e e of E o e e ari s w nt int still dark plac s ur p , lik Willibrord th e o e of G e , ap stl rmany. It would be a mistake tosuppose that ou r English fore fathe rs m had uch to l e arn from th e Norman invad ers in th e . arts and e e m e of e Th e o ma e fi n e o e e . e r fin nts lif N r ns w r s ldi rs , but th y had n o lite rature ; as re gards morality the y had scarce ly e m e rge d

’ ' from th e l axit y Of barbarism . Love Of pow er w as the ir ruling o e e ar e om e n oe o passi n in p ac and in w . Th ir w n had ducati n and . e e e for T h e E e e e i th e o littl influ nc good . nglish w r b h nd N rmans in th e scal e Of the ir buildings ; they built n o castl e s ; the ir e a s e a s not e om e mo e e church s Oft n , and th ir h s al st invariably , w r of oo e e e e e in nisa io w d . Th y w r sadly d fici nt too national orga t m e e e th e o m e e e e e In thes r sp cts N r ans w r t h ir t ach rs , and it was " th e Normans w h o brought them into clos e r re lation with t h e ‘ o e so th e Rom th e e C ntin ntal , and with an Church . But in str ngth ‘ of e o o e e o e e e th ir l cal instituti ns , and in th ir mann rs , kn wl dg Of th om o ome e th e E e e th e e e arts and c f rts Of d stic lif , nglish w r t ach rs , n ot th e r m e h ad e e . e e e bett e e du cat e d e o l arn rs Th y w r , th ir w n a e e o o e e e e m o e e e . o b tt r p siti n and gr at r influ nc Th y l v d usic , w rk d o o e m e e m o e e th e a e in g ld and th r tals , br id r d h ngings which th y had wove n in the ir looms for the ir hous e s and th e ir churche s th e monks in the ir cloiste rs worke d at t h e richly illuminate d o e of t h e e th e e e oo th e c pi s Bibl and S rvic b ks Of Church , and wrote th e history of the ir ow n tim es and Of th e tim es Of their o e e f r fath rs . e e e th e eo e o o th e o e Such th n w r . p pl am ng wh m N rmans stab lish e d e e e o e o e e u th ms lv s as v rl rds, building th ir castl s p and oi o th e land an d o e th e old o e of th e . d wn , _ disp ss ssing wn rs s l o e o o o m e u of th e In C rnwall th y f und a p pulati n , partly ad p e B o th e o E w h o e e C ltic rit ns , partly Of Sax n nglish had s ttl d am Th e tw o e e e m e e e n oone ong the m . rac s w r by this ti bl nd d i t o th e o n e o e e e e E th e e nati n , land w rs alm st v rywh r nglish , till rs l e t h e one of th o . ow e s il British , but high and unit d in Church , in For t h e e which the ir liberti e s we re pre s erve d . in Church v stry o e Th e all w e re on th e sam e footing and all had an e qual v ic . o e w e o e e e Old paganism had l ng sinc , must supp s , m lt d away h of u n e e o for e e b e n e ath t e rays a warme r s . H r in Stratt n g n ra e e re - o m tion afte r ge n eration a Christian folk had b n b rn in Baptis , ’ t o e e th e o e e e o e th e had le arnt r p at Ap stl s Cr d , w rshipp d at e e e th e o e th e R e e o Christian altar , and b n buri d in h p Of surr cti n e m e e om e of th e d e ad ; That th y ust hav had th ir church , s m e e of cob or o oo e e hu bl r structur , and thatch , p ssibly Of w d , th r e n o e of o e e e e e e can b mann r d ubt , and v n if th r had b n a building PRE-NO RMAN TIMES 1 3

' of o e o not be e e e o e e an st n , it c uld xp ct d that it w uld hav l ft y trace be hind it t ote ll of it s e xiste nc e . Th e advowson of th e Church in Stratton with th e gle be land e e e e o oes th e o e o that w nt with it had b n , as far as r c rd g , in p ss ssi n Th e o e e e o . of th e Priory Of St . St ph ns at Launc st n Pri ry is e o e om e oo o e 1 0 86 m nti n d in D sday B k , which was c mpil d in , and 1 1 26 e e e o e for e in H nry I , finding it inad quat ly pr vid d , grant d it o e o to B o Warelw ast E e e w h o re and its p ss ssi ns ish p at x t r , 1 1 constitut e d it as a Priory Of Augustinian Canons . In 99 King o o m e e o e o -s J hn c nfir d it by chart r in all its rights and p ss ssi n , in Of e which a re includ e d t h e advowson of th e Church St . Andr w in o t o e e on e e of th e Stratt n , g th r with carucat Of land Sanctuary Of — th e o o e e th e m Ebford . Man r Of Stratt n , and a pi c Of salt arsh at 1 i of m e e e t h e o e e Th s carucate land ust hav b n riginal gl b land , and m ay possibly have b e e n an e arly e ndowm e nt of th e pre e e or n ot e e o e oo on th e Norman Church . Wh th r th r nc st d sanctuary land som e e arly s ettl em e nt of th e Ce ltic monastic type f e can only b e a m att er or conj ctur e .

1 Th e carucate w a s th e me asure O f land in th e Danish portions of E t h e e O f th e o e o me ngland , taking plac Sax n hid , and ab ut this ti I t s s e w as o s th e e n O f th e e re ckone d a s e quivale nt . iz t ward d c ntury T f fixed at 1 0 0 acre s. h e hide a s a m e asure o taxation had be e n taken B a s 1 20 e not mo e n e O f 8 0 e . e th e acr s , but d r acr s 4 4 squar yards ing ” o of th e m th e e th e a e typical h lding typical fa ily , hid and c rucat e th e e of th e t h e e e o e th e vari d with valu land , and acr vari d c ncurr ntly, acre be i ng in the ory th e amount of land which t h e plough te am of R ' e e c Cf. . d F d ight ox n ould plough in a single day . Dr oun s eu al — Engla nd B S . CHAPTER I I

T HE N ORMAN S

LON G be fore th e first hundre d ye ars had passe d aft e r th e Norman invasion of England w e shall se e re ason t o “ conclud e that th e Norman Church in Stratton h a d b egun t o ris e from its fou nda o T h e e o mm e ti ns . p ri d i diat ely following t h e invasion had ind e e d e ve rywhere b e e n for t h e English pe opl e a t im e of uns e ttle m e nt

and disillusion . The y had b e e n willing t oacce pt th e rule of th e o m e w h o m e o s e ow n N r an duk s had a clai Of r lati n hip with th ir . o m e n ot e o e b ob r yal fa ily , but th y had r ck n d what it would e t e e c t o th e of th e o m F h subj t tyranny N r an lords . or t e Norman

“ o w h o e an m en -a t — m o e e bar ns , with th ir knights d ar s had c nqu r d E n ow ooke on th e E o On th e e o e on ngland , l d nglish s il and p pl it e h o n as th ir shar e Of t e Sp il . First in o e part Of th e country and e o e th e E o e ou t o e e o th n in an th r nglish br k int r b lli n ; but , e e e th e e e mo e m e e e having n v r l arnt s cr t Of unity a ng th s lv s , th y

e e , no m for t h e e e O f h w r atch . disciplin d str ngth t e Norman o S E i e e e e n e h o es . O be f rc ngl sh lib rti s p rish d ath t e fl od . In e ve ry part of th e country the n th e Norm ans had plante d e e e o o e O f h o Th e o of th ms lv s _as l rds and wn rs t e s il . Man r Stratton is said in Dom e sday Book to have be e n held in th e m e of E th e o e o Al u re d t h e ti dward C nf ss r by , Marshall , and O b rn B o of E no e s e e e . w e ee , ish p x t r It had pass d with thr hundr d o o o o e o th e e E of o man rs in C rnwall int p ss ssi n Of gr at arl M rtain , ’ o o on e e e William s half broth e r . Sax n and Brit n had l g sinc b n e th e o th e E e th e m e n fus d , but N rman knights and nglish than s , at m in th e o m e th e e th e o e e ar s N r an castl s and till rs Of s il , w r n oo In e w as th e e still alie in bl d and language . Fr nch languag Of the o th e e th e i e e o e e C urt and Of castl , and k ngs w r m r Fr nch than E n ot om e e e e th e o e nglish . It was until s c nturi s aft r C nqu st that Th e em o English b egan t o be spoke n by th e uppe r class e s . r val of t h e strong hand of th e Conqu e ror by d e ath had only a ggra fi i T h e vat e d t h e troubl e s from which th e country w a s su er ng . Anglo Saxon Chronicle de scribe s th e trouble d e xistence through which it pass e d during th e fe e ble re ign of Ste phe n T h e King at hi s Coronation had conce d e d to his unruly barons th e right t o e e ow n e e e e e e build castl s in th ir d f nc , which th y fill d with d vils h n and e vil men w h o gre atly Oppre sse d t e pe ople . A d this T HE NO RMAN S I 5

e of e o e o e th e e n o o stat things gr w w rs and w rs ; land bar c rn , for ou mi a s e e e th e sea e y ght w ll hav till d , and it was said Op nly o e for th e E that Christ and his saints sl ept . F rtunat ly nglish p e ople th e Norman kings w h o follow e d Ste ph e n w ere for th e T h e l e most part strong and able rule rs . e succ ssfu wars which th y carri e d on almost continuously in Franc e t o maintain and e e e o e o e e e e t o ou t h e xt nd th ir p ss ssi ns th r , s rv d draw Of t country and t o bring und e r discipline th e fighting e le m e nts in th e king

‘ dom e th e a o e e for e e e , and , wh n wars br ad Slack n d a whil , th r was o e t fighting in Sc tland and Wal s otake th eir place . Th e link of union b etwe e n t h e p e ople and their fore ign lords ' th e t h e m e t o e B o was still Church in which y and w rshipp d . th o e e om e t o th e m e o m e e nati ns w r accust d sa Latin f r s Of s rvic , and e e e e o e e e in t h e Use th s w r sh rtly aft rwards r vis d . Salisbury , e m e ommo o o t h e E which b ca c n thr ugh ut e W st Of ngland . In ' t h e s e rvice s Of t h e Church ru l ers a n d rule d we re on common ground and t h e lib e rtie s Of t h e p eople we re pre s e rve d in t h e e e t o t e e e e e d e church v stri s , which h Church Ward ns r nd r th ir o e e m e o e acc unt , and in which v ry lay an had an qual v ic . With all their fe rocity and lack of r e fin e me nt th e Normans e e e e e e oo t o o th w r gr at church build rs , and th y b gan s n c ver e land with the ir monaste ri e s and ston e churche s aft e r t h e style i e o e m om o m Th e wh ch th y had br ught with th fr N r andy . gr e at

‘ Norm an towe rs of Ex e ter re main t o this day t o be a r‘ w it n e ss t o t h e e e of e o e o o o e . e o e e gr atn ss th ir c nc pti ns M r v r , a c nsid rabl m e ou r ow n o e a s for e m e Morw e n nu b r Of C rnish church s , , xa pl , o m o e e e st w and Kilkha pt n , and , “ furth r w st , Tintag l and

. e e mo e or e o o o m e m St Minv r , r tain r l ss c pi us N r an r ains . And o o e e e e e e t h e m e no o m Stratt n w uld ind d hav b n b hind ti s , if N r an church had be e n give n t o it in exchange for t h e more lowly Hous e of God in which th e past ge n e rations had b e e n conte nt to o w rship . CHAPTER I II

T H E T A X ATI ON OR T H E L IVIN G ]

THEe arli est historical notic e of th e Church I n Stratton re lates t o

“ t h e o O th e i th e e 1 26 0 t h e e o of Taxati n f l ving in y ar , r c rd which is e e e I n B S R h e o e e pr s rv d ishop Staple ton egist e r . T bish ps had b n " m ove d of lat e y e ars by th e growi ng e vil Of t h e appropriation of t o o e e T h e o e th e e e e e Of livings m nast ri s. land wn rs , r pr s ntativ s

“ t h e o o O f t h e t he e e to o Original d n rs tithe and g l b , wh m had e ce n e t e h o e a e t h e d s d d h rig t Of app inting th ir p rish cl rgy, had o e c e e e e e e e in t h e mo p w r , whi h th y fr qu ntly x rcis d , Of v sting nas t ery Which the y e spe cially favoure d th e advowson Of t h e church

o e her th e e m o e Of th e . t g t with t p raliti s living In this way ~ “ pre sumably th e advowson of t h e Church of Stratton w ith th e right Of appointm e nt t o t h e living and t h e church re ve nu e O f Stratton had pass e d in' e arly tim e s intoth e hands of t h e P riory o - In c e th e m o o ommo at Launce st n . su h cas s nks w uld c nly _

‘ om e Cle e ow n o e to e ve th e a ssI ni n n inat a rk Of th ir rd r s r parish , g g h im om m e O f h e om e of th e e t o s e s all pittanc ou t _t Inc living whil ’ m e re taining t h e lion 8 shar e for the s e lv s . n o e Th e parish pri e st appointe d in this way could have ind T h e tie t h e m oa e pe nd e nt position or authority . with n st ry o e ma n o e h e wou b e e f e t h e th e w uld r i unbr k n , and ld In f ct vicar Of th s e of m onaste ry rath e r than of th e parish . T O r e m e dy i stat things it h a d re ce ntly b e e n e nacte d that in all Such cases th e be e te ministe r appointe d t o t h e parish should r gularly institu d , nd e oth e e m o a e of t h e e o o a induct d int t p r liti s living , a fix d p rti n o T e Of th e incom e of th e living b e ing a ssigne d for h is _su pp rt . h f h e taxation of th e l IVIng was th e s e ttleme nt of t h e stip end o t o o parish pri e st as betwe e n th e monaste ry which he ld t h e adv ws n and th e parish Pro It appe ars that th e arrange m e nt n ow mad e was that t h e i ry om t h e Of Launce ston Should b e paid y e arly 25 m arks in Silve r fr

e . com e O f th e t h e e e a ll t h e om , in living , r sidu Of Inc ings gr at and T h e m m a O I e S e t m o e e e t o t h e . s all ( j in r s) , b ing assign d Vicar S O 2 valu e of t he Old English mark was 1 35 4 d . that 5 marks d e e t h e o t o 1 6 1 . would b e e qual £ 3s 4 A littl lat r , in valuati n of Po e o s t h e of o is th e om e p Nic la , Church Stratt n , that , inc

1 6

1 8 THESTO RY OF STRATTO N CHUR CH had th e courage tore sist th e d e mand t ocontribut e toth e e xpe ns e of t e n o o e o th e a war in which h y had c nc rn , and acc rdingly Vicar Of Stratton (probably th e on e whos e name is abs e nt from th e List) with othe rs Of t h e n e ighbouring cle rgy suffe re d imprison ‘ h of e m e nt in t e Castle Launc ston . Fa ce a e p g 1 8. TH E B L A NCH M INS T ER E G FFI Y .

CHAPTER IV

T HE B L A N CHM IN S T ER FAM I L Y A N D T H E EFFI GY IN T HE C H URCH

T HE traditional account of th e effigy in th e north a isle Of th e e th e o o e o e G e church , as giv n in c unty hist ri s Of B rlas and ilb rt , is that it repre se nts Sir R alph de B l an ch min st e r or de Albo o e o w h o t o e o e on e e M nast ri , is said hav g n Crusad with Princ h 1 Th e is E e E t e e 2 0 . e dward , aft rwards dward I , in y ar 7 figur t ob e e e m t h e e e e e e toth e said habit d as a Knight T plar , r f r nc b ing 1 o o e h mo NO long mantle or surcoat which is w rn v r t e ar ur . o o e e e o o e e e o auth rity is qu t d in ith r hist ry , and n n has b n f und for th e o T h e o e e a re no o e e e traditional st ry . cr ss d l gs l ng r acc pt d e e e e e th e o o e as n c ssarily indicating a Crusad r , n ith r is l ng v r mantle to be regard e d as pe culiar t o th e O rd e r Of th e Knights m t h e o th e e f e e m e m e th e Te plar . If riginal Of figy had b n a b r Of O e h e m e e th e vow t o e o e m e t o th e rd r , ust hav tak n d v t hi s lf e i e th e o t o e m e h is o e s rv c Of H ly Land , div st hi s lf Of all pr p rty , and t o o o th e of th e e o of O e e e t h e f ll w call Sup ri r his rd r , as if it w r f G B n h m h call o od . u t it was ot t e Knights Te plar only w oin t h e tim e s Of th e Norman kings Of England le ft e ve rything t o go ou t th e o m h e h T h e and fre e h ly place s fro t hold Of t e infid e l . e e e e on for tw o e e om t h e o Crusad s w r carri d hundr d y ars , fr C uncil e mo 1 0 1 o o o Of Clar nt In 9 5 t o1 29 and e ve n lat e r . Thr ugh ut this l ng e o e e e m e o E o e p ri d wav aft r wave Of nthusias Spr ad thr ugh ur p . Th e e e e e th e o e e pri sts l ft th ir parish s , and m nks th ir c lls , and th e e o e e o to th e o not in p asantry , th ugh in g n ral b und s il , ” e om e h e e e e e t e o . fr qu ntly with th ir w n and childr n , sw ll d cr wd e e o be o e or m o e th e Th r w uld n thing unusual th n , i pr babl , in circumstance Of a m e mb e r Of th e B la n ch min st e r family having

1 Points tonotice are ( I ) th e long sle e ve le ss su rcoat re aching b e low ’ — - th e knee s (2) th e coij de mazlles over th e head with it s strap ( 3) th e h au berk of m it s e e e oo e o e th e th e ail with Sl v s pr l ng d v r hand , (4) genou illiéres of plate cove ring th e knee s (th e e arlie st form by which chain-armour w as reinforce d) ; (5) th e chau sses of mail continue d ove r th e ee th e o e 6 th e shi d u e o e th e f t , with spurs v r ( ) el hung by a g ig v r o e th e e o and th e m e o i s s e e sh uld r ; ( 7) wid sw rd th d by which it usp nd d , th e e nd of th e s trap b e ing appare ntly passe d twice round th e scabb ard . - B . S . B 20 T HE STO RY O F STRATT O N CHUR CH

- ’ j oine d Prince Edw ard s Crusad e Or in hi s body having be e n laid t o e th e o d m i n . e e be e o r st in H ly Lan And v n if , as ust adm tt d , e e e e e o e or e e e e to be vid nc has b n pr duc d , p rhaps is v r lik ly o e t o o th e e o m be pr duc d , supp rt Crusad r traditi n , still it ust r e m e mbere d that a ce rtain weight m ust be allowe d t oth e tradition e for e e o e om th e a re e om o ome its lf , th s v ic s fr past s ld with ut s 1 . o e e w e e e t o o t h e basis Of fact All , h w v r , that can xp ct Sh w in pres e nt instance from what can b e discove re d of th e family history is that it at le ast le ave s th e way ope n for th e g e nuin e ne ss th e Of tradition . It can at any rat e be sh ow n th at th e B lan ch min st er family ’ he ld th e knight s fe e in Stratton from th e Ope ning ye ars Of th e e e thirt nth until well towards th e clos e of th e fourte enth c e nturi e s . T h e infe re nce is fairly plain that it is tothis family and noothe r that w e m ust look for th e knight whos e effigy is in th e church . It -re m ains the n totrace th e history of th e B l an ch minste r family t h e hi e e e om th e o m in t rt nth c ntury fr c nte porary r e cords . It will b e o w e be e t o e o not f und that Shall abl tak it back , th ugh in o or o t o e e m e . Stratt n in C rnwall , still arli r ti s I n an undat e d charte r in poss e ssion Of th e Stratton Charity Fe offe e s w e find Lucy Ture t as lady Of Stratton (domina de o e h e r e e o oo th e - e o e Stratt n ) granting in fr wid wh d , half acr Of P nt t o G O e e o e o e e t o ilb e rt de la H ele . th r chart rs in their p ss ssi n r f r o a B om e e B oom e e t rigin l grants by arthol w Tur t . arth l w Tur

“ o e Wish al e o e i had r rty at in Y rkshir , in wh ch county his p p [ grandfathe r had found e d and e ndowe d th e Priory Of H al egh P ark ; O wing t o hostility t o King John h e was d eprive d of his o 1 21 6 on hi s e t o e land at Stratt n in , but r turn his f alty King

e re o e him h is o e th e f o o e . H nry I I I st r d . pr p rty in ll wing y ar B oom e T W o e hi s e e e to arth l w uret dying ith ut issu , stat s pass d h is e e e m e h er h er o Sist r , Lucy Tur t , and r ain d in right in wid w oo Hal e h e e 1 2 R de h d , and in a g Park chart r dat d 5 4 Sir alph ‘ ’ Albo Monast e rio is state d t o b e Lucy Ture t s son and h e ir . o di o e e of e e e o e Acc r ngly in an th r F f chart r , als undat d , it is Sir

' R al h wh o th e e e e t o G e de L imat on th e p grants acr Of H l ilb rt , ’

m e G e w e o e e e . sa ilb rt , may supp s , as in Lucy Tur t s chart r ’ ' It m ust the n have b e e n through his fath e r s marriag e with Lucy Tur e t that th e original Sir R alph B lan ch minst er cam e into ’ o f We e e e e p ss e ssion o his knight s fe e in Stratton . hav thus succ d d in finding th e B la n ch m in st ers first as a Norman family of distinc o th e o e o m o e m om ti n in Shr pshir t wn Of Albu M nast riu , c ing by

1 e of th e e e a o on c o no e Tru g nuin tr diti n , but traditi s whi h g furth r e b ack than th e e ightee nth ce ntury antiquarie s are more than susp ct . For the ir untested conj e ctures were give n ou t a s facts ; and by repe ” i e on e me . h e o e m e s titi b ca traditions T ab ve xa pl rath r typical , since crosse d le gs and long surcoats were all but universal at this period . t — Cf. h e o e e m e . B o . fi gur at Hacc b , D v n S . THEB L ANCHMINSTER FAMILY A ND T HEEFEIGy 21 marriage with th e Yorkshire he ire ss intoposs e ssion Of h e r m anor in Stratton . ’ B e e son e o B la n chm in ste r ginning with Lucy Tur t s and h ir , f ur knights followe d on e anoth er in th e Stratton and Yorkshir e e e Th R om w e e o e om e stat s . e first Sir alph Of wh hav c gnizanc c s He h e . on . t h e e e 1 2 th e dat e t h e Hal e sc n in 54 , Of g Park chart r showe d his int e re st in Stratton by th e unsucce ssful att e mpt h e o th e e 1 26 t o e m e , 3 which ad by a suit at Launc st n in y ar , poss e ss him s e lf of th e advowson Of th e church at Stratton . This R - o e th e E IS CO aI R e e Sir alph is sh wn by an ntry in ‘ p P gist r at E e e to a e e e io t o 1 2 th e m e e o x t r h v di d pr v us 77 , and sa ntry sh ws son R e a h a d o e e l e e o to that his , Sir gi n ld , als di d in arly if pr vi us t h e dat e ~ of h t e e ntry . ’ R e son e o e o R ve to Sir ginald s and succ ss r , a s c nd Sir alph , li d - a consid e rable age and he ld an im portant place in t h e county . 1 1 h e e e em e for th e o t h e In 3 4 was r turn d as M b r c unty , and in ' same ye ar h e was summ on e d toth e must e r at New ca stl e -on - Tyn e t o e m m h e o T h e B lan ch min st e rs p rfor ilitary s e rvic e against t Sc ts . o a e th e o of o o th e had als cquir d l rdship Scilly , p ssibly thr ugh ’ R e o first Sir alph s marriage with his wife Isab lla . His grands n n ow e on th e 1 0 2 e built his castl island in 3 , but it is hardly lik ly h m om e that e would have mad e his r e sid e nc e O ff th e ainland . S inte r e sting stori e s a re told Of affairs on th e island in th e e xtracts om h B la n ch t e e o e B . Go fr r cords c ll cte d by Mr . W . ulding in his min ster Ch a rit Records om w e e th e e o y , fr which gath r that r lati ns ’ Of t h e lords of t h e island with t h e King s Officials we re not alway s m o o T h f B inh m m e har ni us . e lords o a y ust hav had painful ’ e e e e of t h e se a o e om Ef o t o End e xp ri nc v yag fr f rd Land s , wh n om m e to m e e w a s e e fr ti ti their pr s e nce r quir d in Scilly . T h e e o R e 1 8 e om R s c nd Sir alph di d in 34 , l aving D inus ichard , no o R B o e e o a s t h e e e o d ubt ichard d , th n Vicar Of Stratt n , x cut r E f e Mr Go o o . Of his will , an nglish translati n which is giv n in uld ’ o T h h ing s w rk . e will is notic e able for t e numb e r Of Spe cific e e o e e e t ot h e o b qu sts , and c nclud s with a b qu st church at Stratt n for t h e e h h fabric Of an aisl in t e north part Of t e church . This Sir R alph must have b e e n consid e rably ov e r sixty in 1 335 wh e n h e o e B inh m E hi f rtifi d a y . dward I I I was occupi e d with s wars e o t h e m e e A in corirt in Franc and Sc tland it was ti Of Cr cy and g , th e B B u t E h e and Of lack Prince . in ngland t country was e e o e m e e e e t h e p ac ful and pr sp ring , and it ust hav b n rath r with Obj e ct of adding importance t o himse lf and t o his family than for th e purpos e Of d e fe nce that h e rais e d his castle walls in his m o of T h e m an r Stratton . fa ily m a y have had th eir re sid e nc e e o e om e m e m o o e B inh am or o b f r this in s hu bl r an r h us at y , p ssibly e e h m f i e . t e o o o o at Wyk (W k St Mary) , an r and adv ws n wh ch th y o o e e als p ss ss d . ’ R e e Son G a n dew n e e e e h is e Sir alph s ld st , y , pr d c as d fath r , and 22 THESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

- th e e o e o of th e e th e m o o n n xt p ss ss r castl and an r was Sir J h , ' Gandew n s son e bo t e n earS . O f om o y , th n a y Of y , wh n thing is e o e e e h e - e m e for th e o r c rd d xc pt that was M b r c unty , and that in 1 e o t h e e of e h e a e e e e . 374 , v ry p ssibly y ar his d th , r l as d a slav T h e e e of m m o t o b e on e t h e e e o e d d anu issi n , said Of lat st r c rd d , e e e m o th e e of e o o is pr s rv d a ng F f e r e cords . Sir J hn dying with ut

‘ e t h e e e n ow e e e t o e G u R e o issu , stat s r v rt d his uncl , y, ct r Of ’ o R e o son w h o 1 e Lansall s (Sir alph s s c nd ) , in 377 part d with his ’ e m-t o his e e e s e Emm rights in th ni c , his sister Alic daught r a , h er e o o Col h ll f Emm o s u o o o . and s c nd husband , J hn L nd n a als

‘ o e e o e e e e h er ow n m e o e p ss ss d c nsid rabl stat s Of , which ca t h r o h er R e . oe thr ugh fath r , Sir Hiwis ; in Dul parish , and it was in the ir hous e at T re modert in Duloe that t h e Col sh u lls fixe d the ir e e r sid nc e . ’ e for e e e e o o o Aft r this , s v nty y ars at l ast f ll wing Sir J hn s 1 e e e w e m o e t h e B inh a m d c as , ust supp s that castle at y was o ’ e . e on o e e w e o Col sh u ll Emm un ccupi d Lat r , h w v r , find Sir J hn , a s o e o o mo th e e e t o e of e e grands n , app aring ccasi nally a ng witn ss s F f e e m a o o t o h is e e d ds , and this y p ssibly p int having r sid d at B inh am e 1 0 e h e m e o o e o th e e e y aft r 43 wh n ca int p ss ssi n Of stat s , T re modert e e e t oh i m so e e e having b n l ft s othe r . If ,th r may hav e e mo e om o t h e e for o e e b n r c ing and g ing in castl an th r fifty y ars , u t oth m of h i e 1 8 h e e e e s . e t e o p , ti d ath in 4 4 Aft r this pr p rty pass d through he ire ss e s t ooth e r famili e s whos e re side n c e w as fixed in o e t h e We m o e - t h e e w as th r parts Of county . ust supp s that castl m e it s o e O ff on e on e th e dis antl d , and st n s drawn by , until finally e m e e S O o n ow em of e o v ry ruins lt d away , that n thing r ains it b y nd mo f m a dry at and a ew ove rgrown ounds . O n e e e e om 1 2 e t h e hundr d and tw nty y ars , fr 5 4 wh n first Sir ’ R e e son e t o 1 e th e alph app ars as Lucy Tur t s and h ir , 377 , wh n cle rkly G u y parte d with it t o his ni e ce Emma Colsh ull for th e su m of 1 0 0 0 are w e e m as th e £ , all that can c rtainly clai Blanch m th e m e w e e o o th e o of o . inst rs ccupati n Of Man r Stratt n In " ti s have b e e n looking back upon famili e s we re s e ldom long live d . T h e m e n did n ot live long and Oft e n die d without issu e and t h e m T h e o e e stat e s we re carrie d by heire sse s t oothe r na e s . Y rkshir ro ert re m ain e d o th e m e e m p p y l ng in fa ily , but it s s that it was in e e or e o Cornwall that th e ir int er e sts chi e fly lay . Th r in D v n th e y m arri e d the ir wive s and incre as e d the ir e stat e s ; the re the y built the ir castl e s and e ndowe d the ir church ; there the y pos

e e e s fe e e e l e e e s ss d th ir knight , and th r in th arly days Of th ir t e nure th e y chos e t h e - Sit e for th e monum e nt of t h e ance stor m whos e m emory th e y d e sire d t o hand down t oposte rity . Assu in w e m do tot h e B la n ch min st e r w e g , as ust , that it is family that m f h f h e o ust go for th e original o t e e figy in t church at Stratt n ,

1 It ma e e e o e O r rather fortified manor house . y h—av b n ccupi d by a steward with occasional visits from th e owners B S .

CHAPTER - V

T H E STO RY O F T HE FAB RI C

E E ‘ ‘ TH R is on e qu e stion which th e visitor almost i"nvariably asks e h e e e t h e h ow is ee one wh n first nt rs church , Old it Ind d

' ‘ m mo e h ow ou n For-a n ' old ight al st as w ll ask , y g is it church which has b e e n growing and changing e ve r Since it s first ston e s e e o be t o be of one a T h e w r laid cann t said any ge . church in o h a s e e oo n ot e h as e o Stratt n n v r st d still , a c ntury pass d with ut l e a vin / it s m o h e T h e o e t . e o e th e g ark up n fabric p pl l v d church , ’ t o e m n ot o Go o e e ow n o e th e it was th nly d s h us , it was th ir h us , om e e o o f t e e e ou t . o t h e o h Of th ir w rship , which th y gath r d l wly o in _- e e e o e t o e th e e o e c ts which th y w r c nt nt dw ll , gr at H us in w h ich in th e b e auty Of holin e ss the y could fe ast e ye and e ar and

‘ ke e p alive the ir fe eling for rich colour and th e swe e t Sounds e e m e t o em e o e e e o e which s d bring th n ar t h av n its elf . Th y l v d it s e t h e e o e it s o e altars , its furnitur and all acc ss ri s Of w rship , th y o e e e e God e m m e l v d it b caus th y and with th had ad it what it was , a n d the y care d for it as ce ntury afte r century itx grew be ne ath e th ir hands .

. T he N orman D a te an d the Norman Chu rch

How T h e o m o th e o m o th e Old is it N r an f nt , N r an st up In o t h e m e of o m a o d m e e t h e p rch , frag nts N r an Sh fts f un i b dd d in e t h e o m e on th e e of th e e chanc l walls , N r an dat insid disus d h e e t h e o o oo t e . e d rway in N aisl , and furth r buri d f undati ns of th e of th e o m e o e e t h e R e o o wall N r an nav , unc v r d in st rati n Of

~ h e o m a e O f 1 8 88 all oin t t o o o t . , p back a f undati n within N r an g 0 S e ddin e u s th e Old date MCLX ( 1 1 6 ) Mr . g t lls that in his j udg m 1 m e nt ib is a r e cord Of th e Nor an Church . T h e disus e d doorway in which th e date is s e e n m ust have b e e n e e h e e th e e th e o e e e built in h r in t w st wall Of aisl in f urt nth c ntury , h e m e th e of th e e m a be th e e at t ti Of building aisl , and this y dat of th e o e t h e o e t h e e o e ut r archway , but st n s Of int ri r arch b ar undoubt e d signs of having b e e n re -us e d aft er b e ing remove d from h e o e m a e som e othe r place in t e church . V ry p ssibly th y y hav

e e t o th e o m . form e d part Of an original N . ntranc N r an church

1 Norma n A rchitectu re in Cornwa ll . THESTO RY O F THEFABRIC 55

e e o o e e to o t h e e Th r is n thing , h w v r , Sh w that figur s . MCLX e e e e to th e e of t h e o o w r int nd d mark dat actual f undati n , it e is quit possibl e that they a re th e re cord of some late r . local o variati n . be or e a o it s o It must b n in mind th t Stratt n , with harb ur and a nd l in on th e Roma o i e t oth e o salt pans , y g n r ad g ving acc ss n rth e aste rn and more settl e d district of Cornwall was at that time e th e e o th e o o e of t h e p rhaps rich st man r in c unty . It f rm d part e of th e E of o th e e E h e appanag arl M rtain , gr at arl as was ’ e th e o e o — o e el call d , C nqu r r s half br th r , and it is hardly lik y that som c as e e o e e e t h e o u h a hundr d y ars Sh uld hav pass d , aft r N rman o e e o in th e e o oo e o e e e l rds had s ttl d d wn n ighb urh d , b f r th y b gan to e - o e e o e build th ir church in Stratton . D ubtl ss th y w uld hav ' ou e e e e of o e e e f nd h r a still Old r structur Sax n tim s , v ry lik ly occupying t he sam e position on th e e mine nce ove rlooking th e town whe re Saxons and B ritons had n ow for g e n e rations fore e e a s m e m e f h m m th e gath r d b rs o t e sa e Christian com unity . But o n e e o e e . e Sax ns , as has b n said , had g nius as build rs Th ir church o b e of o o o of cob w uld Slight c nstructi n , p ssibly and thatch , e e th e o m e e e to e e e wh r as N r ans w r us d stat ly church s , such as th y 1 e e e ow n o m No oo e th e had l ft b hind in th ir N r andy . s n r had Normans s e ttl e d down in the ir n ew dom ains than th e y b egan to o e th e e O n o e w e c v r land with th ir buildings . all acc unts th n shall be j ustifie d in placing th e date of t h e foundation in th e e arly o e o o n 1 1 0 0 A D ot o e or e . o . N rman p ri d , pr bably l ng b f re aft r

T he Norman Chu rch a nd th e B u ried Fou ndations T h e foundations of t h e south wall Of th e Norman nav e lie e e e th e o e e e o h buri d b n ath s il , aft r having b n unc ve re d in t e o e th e 1 888 R e o Th B c urs Of st ration . e wall (A C in th e a c c om

' p e e . e o o o e anying plan) was s n 3 ft wid thr ugh ut its c urs , e o o th e lin e . of th e e e o e B e e e n arly f ll wing pr s nt s uth arcad . tw n t h e tw o e asternmost pillars of th e arcad e it is inte rrupt e d by t h e e e t h e p p , of or e e fou n da trans t O ning C F walls which , rath r- th ir ’ o E e e e e o s t h e e th e e e o ti ns B D , F , w r s n cr s ing aisl , w st rn cr ss B e o om e fi ve e e e of t h e e wall D b ing thr wn s f t w st actual Op ning . e on ‘ , e e t h e of th e e e e of e Furth r b n ath last arch aisl , a pi c buri d G m e to o e e e o o e u to walling F ca light ab ut ight f t l ng , c ntinu d p o and l sing its e lf in th e we ste rn t e rmination of th e pr e s e nt south th e C e o e on th e o so wall Of hanc l and slightly v rlapping it s uth , that it could be s e e n that it doe s not finish until it r e ache s t h e e ast of th e o e . e e of o t h e wall s uth aisl This pi c wall , th ugh it is in m " e e a s t h e fou n da tion s of t h e e e o e e e sa lin nav wall b f r d scrib d ,

1 th e “ At ve ry time of th e invasion both William a n d h is wife we re isi th e m e a c e c are see Cae n t o s ra ng gr t hurch s whi h n in thi day . 26 ‘ T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

o an e e f e e o o e e e on o is f ntir ly di f r nt c nstructi n , b ing fac d Sid s b th - e o ’ e e e h w o e o t oa. e with w ll pr s rv d as lar rk , and c ntinu d d wn d pth “ of 6 o h e . . e t ce 3 ft in b l w surfa .

' ‘ “ “ e o e e so e o or e e e th e e t th ast , m f ur fiv f t within chanc l ~ Furth r Ope ning and lying a littl e t o th e south of th e c e ntre line of th e

' e t h e o e th e e of t h e R o o m e on a chanc l , w rkm n at tim est rati n ca ' e o of o e e o e f 6 e e o in . singl c urs r ugh undr ss d st n s H at a d pth 3 ft . e o th e e e e oo e o on e o e b l w pr s nt surfac , lying l s ly apart fr m an th r , e o m r of e difli cu lt t o e and appar ntly f r ing pa t a curv . It is r sist t h e conclusion that w e h ave h e re th e r e mains Of th e aps e of th e

“ o e m e th e o e e o e o e N rman chanc l . What ak s c nj ctur m r pr babl is . th at it brings th e chance l e nding j ust wh e re w e s hould e xpect to i th e e o m t h e e e e find t . In arly N r an plan church fr qu ntly finish d o e o b e t h e e e e e b e o with a shall w aps as w uld cas h r , plac d j ust y nd th e e e n B u t o th e e - O i t h e e trans pt Op ni gs . a b ut middl tw lfth ce ntury th e long s quare e nd e d chance ls took th e place Of the i o e arl er shall w aps e .

NO foundations of a ny sort have b e e n found below . th e surface on t h e o e of t h e e e th e o e e e n rth sid church , wh r s il has b n disturb d by t h e fr e qu e nt grave s which e xte nd from on e end of th e church t oth e o e e e are o e e o th e th r th r , h w v r , p lain indicati ns that church ’ " ’ h a d it s o e it s o e a e e n rth as w ll as s uth trans pt , this arr ng m nt Of a nave w ith tw o trans epts b e ing almost invariabl e ' in th e e arly ~ 1 Norm an c hTI rch e s in Cornwall . T o compl et e ou r picture of th e original church w e must b e ar in mind that th e windows would b e e ve rywhe r e hardly more than n arrow slit s th e o e S O a s t o in wall , with br ad int rnal splays , distribut e as wid ely a s possible th e Sl e nd e r shafts of light that T h e e o e e m ent e red through the m intot h e church . nav c v r d uch h e e o a s oe n ow o low e o e t sam gr und it d s , and p ssibly a squar t w r Th e e ma e occupie d t h e Sit e of th e pre s e nt loftie r on e . nav y hav b e e n further curtaile d by t h e chanc el Space e xt e nding we stwards

h e o e . intoth e Church as far as t e trans pt p nings M , B

' “ The A dditions to th e Ch u rch in th e T welfth and Thirteenth Cen tu ries

T h e original Norman church in Stratton must in very e arly

t h e o . tim e s have prove d t oo small for th e growing n e e ds Of t wn e e e Sm th e e e e de T h e trans pts w r all , and nav which xt n d as far — h e d on e e w e st as it doe s t o day was dou btl e ss e n croa c at its ast rn " ' e e o e e e b th e e w e e , l e nd y chanc l which , as hav s n w u d hav b n

’ ' h e e a re o h u rC . carri e d som e dist an ce into t h e c Th r indicati ns , o ‘ o o t h e e or ee not always e asy t f ll w , that in tw lfth thirt nth

1 e K L M is ho n on Th e conj e ctural position of this trans pt J s w e th plan ,

28 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

” ca ve n o 1 c . R e t h e m e e n y l th Sir alph di d sa y ar , and odoubt th e u th e n ew e o e e e o b ilding Of aisl pr c d d f rthwith .

T h e . old trace ry of th e windows was remove d and repl ace d by n ew o om e me e o e t h e e e e o o wind ws s ti b f r g n ral r st rati n , and no ' re cord of e e e e e th e em l , e ’ it has b n pr s rv d but Old s icircu ar int rnal e em Th e e m arch s r ain . s icircular arch w a s n ot confin e d t o any on e e o e no e t oth e e th e u se f p ri d and giv s clu dat , but o Norman o st n ework in th e arch of th e we ste rnmost window shows u nmis ' t ak b a ly that the s e int e rnal arche s a re of th e sam e a ge a s t h e aisl e and that the y are original fe atur es of th e De corate d work of th 2 e e o . , p ri d

T h e T ower a n d the S ou th A isle

e e t h e o e e om e e e N xt aft r N rth Aisl , p rhaps s fifty y ars lat r , o e e e o e e th e e e o of th e n ew an th r g n rati n witn ss d r cti n Towe r . Th e e e of e th e t h e o e abs nc granit in walls and in t w r arch , in con u n ctI on e e e e e e e t o j with its g n ral archit ctural f atur s , nabl s us e om e o 1 0 0 t h e e dat it at s whe re ab ut 4 . In str ngth and Solidity of o m it o th e e of th e its w rk anship stands apart fr m r st church . T h e mo e th e is of t h e oo e e o rtar us d in church walls p r st d scripti n , th e sm all proportion of lim e mix e d in with it having long Since e e T h f th e o e p rish d . obuild t e massive pile o t w r and t ocarry it u p t o a he ight of s e ve nty fe e t must have taxe d th e re source s of th e o m o o e e o e th e e l cal as ns , and d ubtl ss th y btain d h lp and 8 e o of mo e e o e s of t h e dir cti n r practis d hands in th r part district . ‘ A marke d pe culiarity of th e Stratton towe r is s e e n in th e facing of th e f t o buttre ss e s t oan angle inste ad o a flat surfac e .

’ 1 Gou ldin B Th e English version is give n in Mr . g s la nchminster Chari ty Records . 2 T h e 3 weste rn windows appe ar t o have b een built ou t of th e re mains of th e Norman windows which would then be pulle d down on th e e of th e e a s e e e e on e o o o N . Sid nav , and th r w r ly n ugh v uss irs for one i o th e e e mos n ew o oi of ol h ant w nd w ( w st rn t) , v uss rs p yp , d f e e e of th e me u e e o e e forth e m e i f r nt in siz but sa sq ar s cti n , w r cut 2 iddl B e h as mo e o windows . u t th e e ast rnmost window (h) a uld d scoins n - e t h e T s arch (re ar arch) and can hardly be long t o quit same date . ( hi is th e window on th e sill of which now lies th e Slab be aring th e B lanch m f If i a e e m t o o e e e e . s e s inst r figy ) it lat r ( I think) , it s s sh w that th r w as e e of i o e e er i e an arly typ w nd w which r quir d alt ing and w d ning , or e e m e ee e e e o e 1 0 . T e oe of if arli r , it ust hav b n alt r d b f r 35 h wh l this h a s f e e s m m new e et c mos wall su f r d o uch fro trac ry, that it is al t m o e t B u t t cont aI nS i p ssibl odraw conclusions from it . h e fact that it o m me t e of c on th e o de th e N r an frag nts (such as h e pie c ap utsi , '

o et e t u t of o m o . o c . o e w as o v uss irs , , insid ) ,pr v s hat it built N r an w rk

8 About this time th e monks O f H artland we re rai sing In their T ’ d t o be ch u rch at o e o e o e 1 ft . e St k a still l fti r t w r , 44 in h ight , and sai ’ th e e s o e E save one th e m o s m a e high t parish t w r in ngland , and as n y hav a sse p dfon . T HE STO R Y O F T HE FAB R IC 29

NO ve ry long int e rval can have int e rve n e d b e twe e n th e building h e e o of t h e o e Th e e of th e of t h e towe r and t e r cti n S uth Aisl . dat n e w a isle cannot be actually fixe d it m ay have b e e n built at

0 . 1 oo e e o e e any tim e b e twe e n 1 4 5 and 5 . (It must hav b e n c mpl t d in any case b e fore th e comm e nce m en t of t h e Cont e booke datin g o 1 1 2o o n n o e e e e t o e e e fr m 5 nwards , as it c ntai s r f r nc any xp nditur o h e l e e or n ot oo th e e of e e e n e . t ais Wh th r it t k plac an arli r aisl , o o e d t h e e e o n ow be p ssibly c nstruct in tw lfth c ntury , cann t e e m ed n ew e e o th e Pe r e n d t r in ) . A archit ctural styl kn wn as p dic u la r had by this tim e b e e n introduce d and b e com e g e n e ral r o h o G e t oo om e o b e e th ough ut t e c untry . ranit had c t g n erally e m o e now e e e e oo to o e e o n o pl y d , that th r w r t ls w rk it , and h nc f rth o f h the r stone is us e d or t e pillars and arche s and windows . A loftie r arcad e n ow face s th e De corat e d arch es on th e othe r Sid e

‘ of th e e it s e e e e e n t oth e nav , tall sl nd r pi rs and arch s r achi g wall e t h e e e m n o e o e of th e plat , P rp ndicular ouldi gs shall w r than th s e o —for h e e f o e o T h e t t . e m e arli r w rk , granit is a di ficult st n cut sa e ffe ct of thinn ess shows its e lf in th e carvings of th e capitals for o e of om e e e e e Th e w o which a st n s what fin r t xtur has b e n us e d . t styl e s in th e tw oarcad e s n ot m ore than a c e ntury apart m e e t th e e ye in a single glance and it is hardly possibl e toavoid institutin g om so e e e e m o h . e t e e e e f e a c pari n b tw n th Pr bably , whil g n ral f ct ' of t h e o e m a e e m t ou s mo e e s uth arcad y s r airy and grac ful , it will b e found wanting in th e dignity and re pos e of t h e e arli e r work o o on t h e o e e h e which c nfr nts it th r sid Of t church . ’ A spe cial fe ature in th e n ew aisl e is th e Pri e st s e ntrance with e m o e t h e oo its granit j a bs , b nd d in with d rway adj ac e nt t o it e e e toth e R oo - o . e e which giv s ntranc d l ft stairs Th s stairs , which a re e e th e of th e e omm e t h e o e s n in wall aisl , c unicat with p ning in th e o e e ou t t o th e o o e t h e e wall ab v l ading l ft ab v scr e n . It has b e e n su ggeste d that th e polyph a nt doorway l e ading t oth e t ow er t h e o e e of h a s e e e m m e stairs , ut r fac which appar ntly b n tri d away , ’ m a be th e o e e e t oth e old o e y riginal pri sts ntranc s uth trans pt .

Th e P erpen dicu l ar S creen

T h e church has n ow gathe re d round it its tw oaisl es and towe r o toit s e e e m a be e o e in additi n Old r nav and its chanc l , and y r ck n d t o b e om e e T h c pl t . e atte ntion of t h e parishion e rs is n ow t o be dire ct e d t o th e furthe r adornm e nt Of t h e building by th e pro o of n T h visi n a ew Scre e n . e sixt e e nth c e ntury was an e ra of e e - a nd m th e e scr n building , any a church in W st Country was n ow e e it s o e e e e e T h e r c iving l fty and fin ly carv d P rp ndicular scr e n . ' h a d h a d it s e e e arlier da s 1 h church j scr ns in L y ; t e Lady chape l on

1 T h e Go B unte ooke e ntry in th e ye ar 1 5 34 for me ndyng th e rode o t o s e th e l zt cr st e s m as i is n ot it i l ft au y at y j d without s s gnificance . T h e old ee w as e e ms ou t a n d a n e w on e w a s e e e scr n , it s , giving , n d d t o e i tak t s place . 30 T HE STO RY O F ' S T RA TT O N CHURCH

’ th e o e h e o n rth Sid and t e St . G rge s chape l at th e e nd of t h e south e e e n o o t e o e e e e th e e aisl , w r d ub ncl s d by th ir scr ns , and chanc l are a would have be e n long b e fore th is ma rke d off fromth e nave by its Old e r scre e n and Rood -loft carrying th e Rood or Crucifix th e th e o o with; Mary and J hn which always acc mpani e d it . In th e sixte e nth c e ntury th e scr e e ns we r e brought t o an _extra ordinary d egre e oi richne ss and‘ be auty such as had n e ve r b e e n o e e o appr ach d b f re . S oth c e o m e it s e e . e e chur h in Stratt n ust hav P rp ndicular scr n , and th e gr e ate st car e Wa s take n in pr e scribing for e ve ry d etail of h ° t e n ew work . T h e contract for t h e scre e n has b e e n pre s e rve d in ’ t h e St ockw r G u l din s a de ns’books and is give n in full in Mr . o g val u a ble w ork We a re n ot e t o th e , _ surpris d find that artists capabl e of d e signing and e xe cuting a work Of Such importance e e n ot to b e o t h e t h e w r f und within limits Of parish , but it was n ot e o f m T h e o e e t o e or e . , n c ssary g far afi ld th c ntract is mad with John Dawe s of Lawhitton in t h e county of Cornwall and John e of o L ew th e e o o of e o Par s N rth in n ighb ur c unty D v n , and is e on e of t h e hio e not e th e Sign d b half paris n rs , , it app ars , by

‘ ‘ Churchward e ns as such w h o rnigh t n ot be re ckone d m e n - O f suffici e nt substance t ob e held r e sponsible for th e larg e paym e nts o e o mo e e o inv lv d , but by J hn Cha nd , knight , a n ar n ighb ur and o e e e t h e f of th e R Carl h an c nstant int rv n r in a fairs parish , ichard yg

th e of t h e e o o e o e . ( vicar p ri d) , and th r parishi n rs T h e carve rs we r e n ot l e ft e ntire ly t o the ir ow n initiation as T h e Rood a loft re gards th e mor e important parts of the ir work . ” which is t o e xt e nd across t h e iij churche s is t o be mad e aft e r th e patte rn form and fashion in e verything a s th e rodeloft of S nt t K ew e th e Cru c f x o y , whil y y with a Mary and J hn and '

' all oth er-w erke m a nsh epp is t ob e yn e v ery thyng as h yt t ys of th e m d ll of about e ye Cru cyfyx yn _t h e bak e (back) y y Church l escard Church . — In front of th e Rood loft and at it s north and south e nds by th e sou t h en wall and by ye n orth e wall the y are t o caw se tobe mad e ij aw t ers with ij Image s and tab e rnacles for the m as ys att ' S e n t K ew t h e on m e t obe of S e n tt Arm ell th e o e t obe y , I ag y , th r T h e a ml etories of t h e Visit a con O ff ow r bl ess e d lady . (ambu l a t orie s e e t o be e e om th e o Int erclose s or ) , w r s parat d fr ch ir by sid e scre e ns similar t o thos e in t h e parrish church of Synt on th e o e h o e t h e e e . e , Colom b e t e v r ( gr at r) Furth r , s uth sid fi ve in t h e A ml et ory be yond th e Inte rclos e were t o be e re cte d ow th e A ml et ore segys or pew ys that yS t o w eyt e iij yn th e s m o whe re of on t ob e by t h e ch a u n cell dor e the r y n th e sa e s wth Aml etore for a woman and th e other ij pew ys t ob e yn th e sam e A m l etor hard by th e sayd Inte rclos e and l e kew yse th e ij othe r y ”

h sel n e . seges t ob e yn ye North Aml et ore hard by t e sayd y g th r o th e A suffici e nt stage was alsoto b e mad e for th e rgans in THESTO RY O F THE FAB RI C 31

o a mletor th e e oo o e th e e e to n rth y , and In middl r f ab v Crucifix w r k 1 be tw odorm e r lights afte r th e fashion of Synt Mary Wey e . Th e o o of th e new e e o e on 1 0 0 e Wo i t tal c st scr n , cl s £ , wh n a rk ng ’ 8 be e o e n ot 6 t o d . o d . man s wage was fr m a day , must r ck n d at

o e . le ss than £ 1 5 0 0 to£20 0 0 according t ot h e pr e s e nt valu e s of m n y It Is s e e n from th e Cou nt e Book that th e ward e ns of t h e vari ous t h e o m e of t h e of ou r h olm e don Church guilds , h ly aid ns altar lady , t h e h e o e t h e e of e A rmell e G e o e y cr ss ward ns , ward ns S nt , S nt rg , e e of O u r l t h e o e elds e S nt Andr w , and ady and th r y (yi lds) all o e o h e o s e e m om e e c ntribut d t t church funds c n id rabl su s , s Of th m in succe ssive ye ars Sir J ohn Chamond is also cre dite d wit h a 8 an d e e e e e e of . d o o 26 s . e c ntributi n , th r w r furth r d vic s such as

“ th e Church Al e s (th e ' foreru n n e rs Of ou r parish t e as) for raising o th T h e e to m th e m ne y for e church . tend ncy ultiply altars in e e em e th e o e Old church s is x plifi d in church at Stratt n , a practic

which must have he lpe d t o give vari e ty t o t h e fr e qu e nt mass e s . m h e B th e o e t w o t e . t y c ntract it app ars that al ars Of ti b r , viz f A rm ll e e to n t h e o o . altar Of Visitati n and that St y , w r sta d in o front of t h e scre e n in t h e north and s uth aisl e s r e spe ctive ly . o t o e e t o th e hi th e e e In additi n th s and gh altar in chanc l , d di t h e o e e o obe t h e w o cat e d t o . e t St Andr w , patr n saint , th r w uld als e h e t w o e t h e e e e t h e chap ls in t aisl s within scr n with th ir altars , Lady chape l in t h e north aisl e and in th e south t h e Chape l of 2 G eo e St . rg . Provision is m ad e for th e r e ring (raising) t h e wall plate of th e Nort h e wall sothat it m a y agr e e with t h e middle roof of th e t h e o o are d v e church . And c ntract rs t o e ys and make a way e and a goyng by ov e r or und e r t h e Arche s of t h e pylors of t h e A m l e t orie s S O yt a m an m ay gothrow t h e sayd Rodloft from on ” A ml et orie t o o e m e e o t h an th r . I m diat ly Opp site e Ope ning in th e

1 Th e contract spe cifie s that t h e work is t o be comple te d withi n 7 ye ars an d p a id for i n annual payme nts at t h e rate of pe r foot as t h e w orke o th o a s o Ch ow ll or o e g y f rth , and that J hn y any th r o m e w rk an will jug . 2 In th e Cou nt e B ooke a re re c kone d payme nts from S e ynt G e orge is s o e 1 1 1 o e in 1 8 e fe w e s t r in 5 3 , 5 34 , and an th r 5 4 , and wh n , a y ar e th e e e e o in o e th e e o s lat r , altars w r tak n d wn , acc rdanc with dir cti n i s e E d VI w e fi n d e e o d t h e . o n of su d by ward , an ntry r c r ing taking d w th e m e f o e i l o . Ge a n d s f h Th e a t ar e e i ag St rg al o o s horse . sp cially o e d th e s one s d om th e e ms o e e fav ur by pari hi r , ju ging fr larg su c ll ct d by ’ th e e A m ll w a s . r s e th e o e o t o ward ns , St y chap l In s uth aisl . Acc rding t h e Re v B — l . . A rm l i Go . s th e m E th e e a s . me S aring uld St y sa St r , o nde O f th e c e h is m e n H e f u r hurch which b ars na ot far from Truro. w a s a e of B a nd d s e of t h e We m ss on S t . nativ ritain a i cipl lsh i i ary , mso Sa n . He is said t o have die d about 5 5 8 He must have be e n one of th e sm a e of m s o e W om th e Ce C ll but activ band is i nari s , h ltic hurch W e s e o e or e e u Co t obe t h e s e e s in al s nt v r gath r d p in rnwall , fir t pr ach r of th e C oss to e Ce s o In th e e r th ir ltic kin f lk W st . 32 THESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH wall Of t h e south aisle at t h e he ad of t h e stairs in t h e wall may still be s e e n trace s of t h e corre sponding Ope ning above th e granit e pi e r through which passage w a s obtaine d on t ot h e ce ntral galle ry on which was s e e n th e Crucifix or Rood toge the r with th e sub — ordinate figure s O f th e Mary and th e J ohn . Th e R ood loft was constructe d so as t o form a galle ry on which in cathe drals and e e t h e o e e o 1 T Go e larg r church s rgans w r ccasionally plac e d . h e sp l e om th e Roo - o on 2 was r ad fr d l ft spe cial occasions , and th e Choir m be m e e e e e t o om h ight at ti s gath r d th r _ acc pany t e s ervice . At

’ t h e e e e om t h e Cou nt e B oo e t h e Roo e gr at F stivals , as app ars fr k , d m T h e e e o e e h e was illu inate d . scr ns als s rv d t purpose Of e nclosing t h e e t h e e th e e of t h e i e chanc l and chap ls at nds a sl s . T he m e ntion of t h e rai sing Of t h e wall -plate in t h e north C c e e o t h e of t h e oo o be hurch whi h ntail d als raising r f , cann t u e oo e e t ot h e oo of th e e e e nd rst d as r f rring r f aisl in its ntir ty , as it e e for few e m be e a s had only b n standing a y ars , and it ust tak n r e t ot h e e o e t h e C e c w e m su lating s cti n _Ov r lady hap l whi h ust p pos e t o have b e e n le ft in it s original state at t h e tim e wh e n t h e ou be e o t o of th e oo north aisl e was built . It w ld this Old r p r i n r f which had re maine d at its original le ve l w hich w a s n ow t o be h m f h t ob e rais e d t oth e le ve l of t e iddle roof o t e church . (It is 3 h n . o t e Cou t e rere d n ot e e e . e e e e e e , r n w d) Th r is a r f r nc als in

B oo e t ot h e m of v ce for t h e Rode loft -to o k aking a y , paid J hn Drom and and t o Rob e rt payne for m a kyn g of t h e vyc e for th e ” 4 l f iii T h e v ce or e e m e o e Rode o t ix s . j d . y sp cial staircas nti n d he re m ay be take n t o b e th e staircas e in t h e north wall of th e i t h e e t o be e e t h e o e church by wh ch Op ning , still s n in wall ab v

e on t ot h e Roo o e o e . l ading d l ft gall ry , was appr ach d e 1 2 e e e t h e Cou n t e B oo e -z Lat r , in 5 4 , th r is an ntry in k paid t o John MoCk for draw yng downe of ou r lady ch apyll e Ij S T h e

1 S e e th e o n of C Fa thest rom the R ailwa s acc u t Hartland hurch in r f y , P e e th e Re v R . C o e l by . ars h p ’ 1 I e n B G o e . a e ishop . randiss n s gr at church at O ttery St M ry th r w a e e i n t h e Ro d h e -Th e s a l ct rn o loft from which t e G ospe l w a s r ad . old me for th e Roo o e w as m om W c ou r na d l ft ga l ry pulpitu , fr hi h ‘ ‘ l o i e e w rd pulpit s d riv d . ' 3 T h e e oo th e e e nd of th e a isl e e e xisting r f at ast , with its d ply cut os e m e e o e u e be e e be t h e old oo of th e b s s , ust , if th s c nj ct r s acc pt d, r f C a e w a s now e t oth e me e e a h e e Th e e h p l which rais d sa l v l s t r st . nrich m e n t of th e chape l roof is carrie d as far we st as th e ce ntre of t h e o W n o t h e o e no o e t o e si nifi adj ining i d w (h , g) , purp s d ubt b ing giv g e e c ance t o t h e Visitation altar which stood ou tside th e scr n . 4 The re are furthe r e ntrie s t o w yllia m G yste for t ymb er for th e ‘ ‘

f r la h ii f r n l for t h e s me i . o t s d . o a s v ce oo d . y d r x , y j , and y a j d h e e m i It o e re e t h e T e staircase no long r r a ns . pr bably disapp a d wh n sm e e e e th e mo e ommo o e e e e all v stry, which pr c d d r c di us v stry r ct d m h ow and e w as e mo e me . emai o e sinc , add d in d rn ti s It r ns a pr bl th c th e old me e e e m e e where e le rgy in ti s v st d th s lv s . THE STO RY O F T HEFAB R IC 33

e e m e e o n ot e e e chap l still r ains , and it is vid nt that it c uld hav b n ' e mo e T h e m o el e o th e r v d in its e ntir e ty . st lik y xplanati n is that original chape l had r e ce ive d in e arly tim e s som e furthe r e xte nsion e astward which had fall e n into disr epair and that it was this s e ction which was n ow take n down rathe r than incur t h e cost of e o e e m t h e h e n ow o e r building it . It w uld s that c ap l was cl s d in by t h e e xisting e ast wall of t h e aisle S O as t omak e it corre spond e th e h e 1 in siz with chape l in t e south aisl . T h e placing of t h e scr e e n in t h e position propos e d for it was e e e o f e o to e o e att nd d by s ri us di ficulti s , wing its sup ri r h ight and t oth e l arches of th e north aisle b e ing t oo ow togiv e it he adway . T h e diffi culty was met by th e unhappy e xpe die nt of raising highe r t h e e e e e mo f h No o w a s th e thr ast rn st arche s o t e arcade . t nly m e of th e e e e e th e o sym try arcad sacrific d th r by , but w rk was carri e d ou t in such a clumsy fashion as t oconstitut e a pe rmane nt re m e of th e e e d th e disfigu nt church . Littl r gar was had in m e w e a r oo f r h o _T h e ti s e l king back on o t e w rk Of pr e vious age s . pe ople of t h e day worke d in t h e pr e vailing style and e ach n e w style as it aros e was a pt t o be superim pos e d on t h e e arli e r work e o e o of o with littl c nsid rati n its inc ngruity . Som e atte mpt must be mad e he r e to portray th e stat e of th e arcad e and its appe arance aft er th e scre e n - build e rs had finish e d i ese e u o h e im e f h R r with it , and wh ch it still pr rv d p t t t o t e e sto a ' o - A . t t h e n ti n _ we stern e d t h e thr e e l ow arch e s of t h e arcad e k IN e e e e ed o e o o e m ( J , kl , ) had b n pr s rv unt uch d f ll wing th at t h e e ast e rn e n d of t h e arcad e cam e t h e thre e rais e d arche s ’ cf f t h e e e — e m ( , g , gj) scr n build rs arche s a s th e y ust now b e e of ol h a n t e e m e T h e e e call d , p yp and granit int r ix d . c ntr arch of h e t thre e had b e e n wid e n e d t o make room for th e passag e Of t h e e e th e e scr n , and adj ac nt bay farthe st t o th e e ast corre s on din l m e o p g y cra p d and narr we d . Th e e xpe di e nts r e sorte d to for giving t h e n e ce ssary incre as e d e t o t h e e e e e m o e e m h ight pillars w r if anything v n r r arkable . T o o m f r t h e easte rnm ost pillar (f) tw o of t h e p olyph a nt pillars e e o e o e e t h e e of th e o o e on e e e w r j in d t g th r , bas b rr w d (g , r plac d 1 888 e e e t o do t h e n w T h e in ) b ing inv rt d duty as e capital . h plac e Of t e transpose d pillar was supplie d by a n ew granit e e th e pi r , bringing Of which from Efford aft e r its j ourne y by sea om B fr oscastle or Tintag e l b eing r e ferr e d t o in t h e Cou n t e oo 2 R B k e . oug hly m ould e d pi e c e s of granit e w e r e introduce d into t h e e oo e e o e e e t o oo structur (c l ur d blu , pr bably at a r c nt dat , l k e ol lik p yph an t) to form or h e lp ou t t h e r e sponds at e ithe r e n d of t h e n ew o w rk . In t h e cas e of t h e re spond ( e ) alsot h e original 1 Th e fact that this wall follows th e pre sent axiation of th e church see m t o o w a s n ot u on t h e ol s Sh w that it b ilt d fou ndations . 2 It m f d . or p bre d dryn ke for the m yt caryed hom e th e more stone om e flord t m de e ne w o fr y a y pyl r iii d . 34 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

e en u t o e e for th e “ ne 1 s w . Bo e bas was tak p s rv capital th bas ,

’ it m a be o e e e e o l e e h e m e y bs rv d , had b n r ugh y r carv d with t sa mo m a b e t h e tw o on e o e uldings , and it y that capitals facing an th r

“ across th e arch we re d e sign e d t o-m ark th e e ntrance t oth e Lady chape l w ith in fli i T h e scr e en has disappe are d (part of it s e rved for th e old R e - e e o t oth e R e o o th e e e ading d sk pr vi us st rati n) , but disfigur m nt em Th e e of m f t h e r ain e d . r sult ta pering with th e Old work o n o e n d e e T h e wa on oos so fre u eTf t h e church did t h r . g r f q t in We st Country churche s e xe rt a consid erable thrust on th e o Th e o h l of th e old supp rting walls . walling ab ve t e ow arche s arcad e adde d appr e ciably t oth e stability of th e structure and th e re moval of this walling at th e e ast ern e n d Of th e arcade whe n th e arch e s wer e rais e d we ake ne d it s powe r of r e sistance t oth e thrust - of th e e . o e o e not o e e e e u toth e nav M r v r , nly had grav s b n driv n p bas e s Of th e illars but th e lowerin more than once of th e floor p " g in ord e r t o give t h e appe arance Of gre ate r he ight t o t h e ch u rch had gone S O far as t o e xpos e th e foundations of th e church walls of t h T h e e e e e e e and e pillars . pillar bas s w r l ft r sting appar ntly on m o o but e e e e o as nry supp rts , th s substructur s (Sinc s lidly re - e e m e th e m e of th e R o o e e built) , wh n xa in d at ti est rati n , w r o o f Co f i o f und t consist O r e s o what s locally known as c untry , and it was s e e n that t h e m a sonry supports we re no more than ' h w a s e . NO o e e t e e casings Of brick w nd r th n that . arcad l aning o e o h e o o e oo 3 e o wi e v r t t n rth m r than a f t . This r c rd ll at l ast h o of h e of h e e - e s e rve t opre s e rve t e traditi n t work t e scr n build rs ,

' by n O m ea ns a ple asing chapte r in t h e story Of t h e church . B e fore pa rting with th e s ubj e ct of th e scre e n it will b e inte r e sting t o re cur once more t o t h e contract t o draw atte ntion t o th e continuous provision for following th e be st e xample s of Church art t o b e found in othe r ne ighbouring parishe s in this of t h e o e e o e em th e oe of part c unty . Ind d it w uld s as if wh l

‘ North- e ast CornWall w ere ransacke d sothat good e xampl e s might

' We e e e m e of th e w a th e b e copi e d . hav he r an xa pl y in which e of th e m e o e e cultur ti s was l calis d , wh n church artists and artifi ce rs e e o e e e th e o e e of th e e w r l cal c l briti s , and kn wl dg b st

art of th e tim e s spre ad from ce ntre toce ntre . It is surprising h ow n ew e e h ow e u e rapidly id as circulat d , and artistic f at r s such as a n ew Window or a n ew moulding w e r e pass e d on from parish t o o hi o e of parish and e ve n from county t oc unty . It was t s pr c ss

1 h e Part of th e face of th e original capital of th e re spond at t chance l e nd m ay still be se e n at it s lowe r le ve l 0 11 th e inner Side facing th e e chap l . 2 O r ma b e th e is o ma be of th e if , as , carving riginal , it y part y — S . B . de coration of a tomb at th e foot . 3 t Re o on 1 888 It w a s judge d ne ce ssary t o re build it at h e st rati in ,

throughout it s e ntire le ngth .

” T HE STO RY O F T HE FABR IC 35

' imitation which a ccou nt s ‘ for th e ris e and th e spre ad of th e archi t e ct u ral style s and for th e r e markable corre spond e nce of Church e o o t e o e su ccessiv eriod archit cture thr ugh ut h c untry in ach e p .

Th e New Cha ncel

Th e e of t h e No e o o e o e on r building rman chanc l , which f ll w d cl s th e e re ction of th e n ew scre e n,was th e last work e ffe cte d on t h e Old fabric of th e church b e fore th e R e form ation laid its chilling hand upon th e church and pe ople and clos e d th e e ra Of church e e o T h e e of t h e e s w e e o th e xt nsi n . r building chanc l , a l arn fr m ' Go e oo e in 1 th e e of unt B ke , was tak n in hand 544 with h lp a

‘ o o om th e e t h e mo c ntributi n fr King , H nry VI I I , a unt Of which is e 8 h h to e e e 6 . d e t e o o . t e stat d hav b n £5 S. Aft r diss luti n Of monast eri e s t h e advowson Of th e church in Stratton had pass e d from t h e Launce ston Priory to t h e Prince of Wale s as Duke Of o e E e o th e e o C rnwall , and Princ dward b ing a min r , lay r ct rship which involve d with it th e l e gal obligation for th e re pair Of th e e e e t h e oe t h e e o chanc l lay with his fath r , H nry VI I I , h ld r Of r ct rial tithe s T h e n ew chanc e l m ust hav e cov e re d t h e sam e ground as th e e e on e e e e e e e ou t of arli r which pr c d d it , Sinc its ast rn wall , e t h e e e e m t o e e e o e e th e squar with Sid walls , s s hav b n g v rn d by e o w as on t h e o o Old axial lin s , sh wing that it built Old f undati ns . Th e principal change was in th e fi n e Perpe ndicular window trace ry and th e othe r granit e dre ssings n ow worke d with P e rpe n dic u l a r m o h uldings . In t e south wall was ins e rte d a piscina o m e ou t th e m e of o e e e e o e e f r d Of frag nts s m arli r D c rat d trac ry . t h e o e e for th e E e e e In n rth wall is a r c ss (q) ast r s pulchr . w e e e e th e Thus again and again , as hav s n , Old church has e o t h e e e e o of pass d thr ugh crucibl Of chang . P ri ds activity followe d on e a nothe r quickly with com paratively short int e rvals ‘ of e e e e e m T h e e o e h r st b tw n th . p pl in t e Old days we r e always on e u t o th e t h e R e o m o busy th ir church p very brink Of f r ati n , Whe n th e spirit s e e m e d t odie ou t of the ir he arts and togive w ay t o e duln ss and lethargy . CHAPTER _VI

. D H T HE. CO UN T E RCO K E A N T E CHUR CH S ERVI CES

T h e Ch a ncel

' th e e th e rich alt ar e th e co e e WI T H I N chanc l furnitur , stly v ss ls , t h e e m e of th e of e e e e and v st nts ficiating cl rgy , pr s nt d a bright '

“ o s ch an i n ict u re m e a n s of t h e m o and c n tantly g g p , by which st uninstruct e d worshippe r might follow mor e or_l e ss int e llige ntly t h e of th e e e u m t oe e oit s intricacies s rvic , lifting p his ind nt r int m n s T h e e e th e Cou nt e B oo e e o th e Spiritual eani g . ntri s in k r c rd purchas e and repairs of t h e ch u rch v e ssel s and ornam ents of th e h o on We of th e x it s c o T e t e . e altar . lis is a l ng r ad py with an py o e th e th e on t mb e r which hung ab v altar , tall lamp standing its y e 1 hi e o o da e o e t h e pays , w ch burn d c ntinu usly night and y b f r R e s erve d Sacram e nt within t h e chanc el t h e aw t e r cl oth ys for

' t h e of th e a t h Ser e s or c e s on e e draping ltar , e g andl s tanding ith r ‘ 2 e of t h e t h e et e ch a n del eres t h e e o t h e sid _ altar , g r t , b st cr ss , s l ke n b e th e sa cr n e th e e e t h e e e or y ann rs , y b lys , s ns s , sch pp o t o o h e e e t h e cre w tt e s th e h ow essel e n a nd b at h ld t inc ns , y , s n n e t h e e ii e of e d o t o y gy g br d , chalic s , j quart rs cr ss th c ou e r t h e ch al s th e o o e b a s n of l a t n e m e l y , c rp ras s , a y y _( ta ) , ” b ll th e e t h e e bock tt e s t h e L ant ran e banar staf , hally wat r y , h 3 T h e e o e t h e e t h e for t e che rche . Church I nv nt ri s and sal s in R e formation period supply furthe r inform ation as tot h e church x x t h e o o oo th e ch al s i o for x vi . g ds , y wh ch s ld j s , c rp ras cassis t h e e e on e of no o c in which altar lin n was k pt , which , d ubt ri hly

fo vi s X d h ch r b m e d . e o r . . t e e u ms carv d , s ld j j , y which ad xx , e iii d 4 o e for t h cx o e and th e o e . w d n ang lls j _ , a cl th e py , cr s e e e of skoncs on e e e of bann rs and a str am r sylk , a (sc c ) , a p r se n sers o e a f of o e e e e x se of o e , a cr ss and sta f c pp r g lt , a p c pp r , e e of o e e e e ffron t es off e e e off a s nc c pp r , a sch pp , thr s lk with a p r

1 l T h e payse w a s a woode n platform rai se d above th e f oor. 2 Th e proce ssional cross probably fitte d with a foot tostand on th e altar 3 e To carry b e fore th e B le sse d Sa cram nt . 4 It must be borne in mind throughout that th e figure s In th e Cou nt e B e u s be m e e e e some o e s o d ook m t ultipli d by tw lv at l ast , auth riti w ul say a s much as e ighte e n or e ven twenty t o bring the m u p to pre sent e e mon y valu s. E R T HECO UNT E BO O K AND CHUR CH SE VICES . 37 cort ne s Re e ffront n ew row d o e th e i ckt ers of y , a d , a cl th , j py ” ' h e th e north syd e a nd sou t syd . T h e x th e box or e e ue of e or i o —in py was cas , fr q —ntly silv r v ry village churche s it might be of coppe r in whi ch- th e Sacram e nt e e e ove th e x th e o or e of om e was r s rv d . C ring py was can py v il s T h e x o e o e pre cious material . py with its can py was susp nded v r th e so o b e l et o or e ou t of e high altar , that it c uld d wn rais d r ach e e so o e om e at pl asur . That this was at Stratt n app ars fr an ntry h e can ab d th in 1 5 1 4 for wyr e t ohang t y j . In e gre at church at Durham it is told that t h e white cloth that was hung ove r th e pyx was of ve ry fi n e lawn all embroydere d and wrought about with gold and re d silk and th e pyx whe r e in th e B le ss e d Sacram e nt ’ hung was of most pure gold curiously e u gh t of goldsmiths m e o o th e oo h e tal w rk als cr k that hung within t cloth that . th e x on of o o e o o py did hang was g ld , f ur gr at and r und kn bs , m e o o e e of o arv ll us and cunningly wr ught , with gr at tass ls g ld and ” r em 1 o t h e x no o e d Silk hanging at th . In Stratt n py was doubt f f I 1 i ommo e o o o o e . c se o i i d c n r s rt , pr bably c pp r In 5 3 a py y c st j . , 1 i 8 in 5 5 4 j . viii d . Th e re s e rvation of th e cons e crate d e l e m e nts was care fully o e o 1 280 pre scribe d in th e e pisc pal r gulati ns . In Archbishop Pe ckham ord ere d that t h e most e xce lle nt Sacram e nt of t h e Eucharist must be ke pt in a b e autiful pyx adorne d within with th e e of e th e e e e e t oth e m o whit st lin n ( r f r nc is s all napkin , als e o o on th e e e e e e e u ivil call d c rp ras , which waf rs w r plac d) . P t r Q , ’ B o of E e e o e e 1 28 th e o o t o ish p x t r , rd r d In 7 that L rd s B dy was be place d und e r lock and ke y in a cl e an and d e ce nt pyx of silve r ' or o or o e e e m e th e sa m e e th e o iv ry th r d c nt at rial , and in y ar Syn d of Ex e te r had rul e d that For th e sak e of th e sick th e parish pri e st must always have cons e crate d particle s which it isstrictly o i e t o e e mo e n e e o e e a r f rb dd n k p r tha s v n days . Th s that r main e t ob e o m e on th e e o e t h e o of th e e c nsu d Sunday , b f r abluti n chalic , t h e e e or o e e o e o e by c l brant an th r ri st , w rthily and d v utly , wh n _ p othe rs a re t obe conse crate d in gre ate r or smalle r numbe r accord ” 2 in t oth e e e of t h e h g xt nt parish . An e ntry in t e Cou nt e Book e I 2 for b0 ckera m t o m e t h e m e for th e in 5 4 , paid ak ca ab sacra i i d f e i . o e e m nt j , sh ws that it was sti f n d by a lining , T h e aw te r cloth s e e of e o e or fi ne y w r cr ss cl th lin en . In I 5 26 the re is a paym e nt for vj ye rde s of cre ss clothe for a w t er cloth s I 1 i 5 v for i aw t er lo h f . . c t s or t h e y , and again in 5 3 j j d j y ’ h e au t er for be r n of th e e cloth s t o m o of y , and y g aut r y y l rd bodm n T he e e y j d . ( small charg sugg sts that a carri e r on hors e

1 Histor o th Hol Eu cha ist in Great B rita in e B e r e . y f y , by Fath r ridg tt 2 It w ill b e obse rve d that the re is nore fe re nce t ore se rvation for th e o e of de o o o e o o to th e e e e c me purp s v ti n , th ugh d v ti n r s rv d sa ra nt a o o e on th e e e o th e Th e n turally f ll w d r s rvati n in church . purpose of Re e o is for th e C f th e s rvati n ommunion o Sick . 38 THE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH bac k pass e d through Stratton on his w ay t oth e chi e f town of th e f - h f e aste rn part o t e county) . In this instance or some re ason ' recours e w a sih ad for th e n e ce ssary ble ssing toBodmin inste ad of x et er ]l Th o e e W oo e o E . e e altar was c v r d first ith a c l ur d pall , v r o e o e e th e or o e mo on e e which f ur lin n cl ths w r laid , last ut r st b ing th e o o hi o e o - t o o o e th e c rp ras , w ch was l ng n ugh hang d wn v r e so on e e n d m be e o e h e e altar nds , that ight turn d back v r t chalic ‘ ‘ m Th e e o e i at e . Cf for i and p chalic als had its v il , . f j e of cre sclo h t o o e th e ch al s ii T h o o t . e quart rs c n r y j d c rp rals , e m th e o obe e e e o in which t r napkins w uld als includ d , w r c nstantly coming t ob e m e nd e d or re place d th e e ntry in 1 5 29 for a yard off o t o e i cotidiall o i ( 1 e e t o h land mak j c ps x j . r f rs probably m e of _ o e e or cotidiall is napkins ad str ng r mat rial f , that , daily T h e o o e e e u se . c rp rals had th ir cac in which the y were k pt toge the r with th e re st of th e aw t er clot h ys : in th e I nve ntory of th e oo o o a re e 1 2 church g d v c rp ris cassis includ d , and in 5 7 o o e o e e vii 3 x ( I o a c rp ras cas was s ld and f tch d as much as . j . , sh w ing that it m ust have b e e n richly ornam e nte d T h e chance l was we ll provide d with lights from e nd t o e nd i e e e t h e e e t h e e on wh ch w r light d during s rvic s , gr at lamp its e e —a n ew m o 1 o x i s rais d pays la p is b ught in 5 44 c sting j . th e tw o e e on e e e th e on mo s rg s ith r sid altar , c suming a vast a unt

' of 1 for i of th e e e n th e ch au n cell iii wax , 545 mak ng s rg s y j h e ch an del ere s e e e E e th e and t at f stival tim s candl s , and at ast r 2 ' t e e t o th e mi o 1 8 w e e of Paschall ap r , add d illu nati n (in 5 5 r ad

“ and lle for cre ce mas e n th e mo i ( 1 c e s day y rning j . Th e lamp

1 ’ om s th e P o of . Pe trock s B o m w a s Th a Vivian , last ri r St at d in , f t h e see of e in artibu s in deliu m His mo e bishop o M gara p fi . num nt e f t h e h e B stands on th e north sid o parish church . T priory at odmin had be e n partly e ndowe d by Athe lstan w h o passed through Cornwall 26 th e me me h e e th e mo e e in th e ye ar 9 . At sa ti gav nks a b ll inscrib d i ' ” l s e e e r A th e st an ro m su a . o d e p ani a Thi b ll , v ry n arly a th usan y a s

‘ old is now o C of th e e e e w as , in Lanhydr ck hurch , which pr s nt writ r v It i o not th e e o me . s . f r rly icar still rung , th ugh in p al 2 Th e P e w a s ome me of e m ascall tap r s ti s vast siz , in Durha it

~

o e e to th e oo . Wa x w as c e e e m th e t w r d r f s arc and in gr at d and , and

' cottage rs made much money in good ye ars from th e hives in their e e th e Cou nt e B oo e e e for o ne gardens. Y ar by y ar in k ntri s wax foll w o ' a nothe r in 5 6 t h e ma kyng of th e Pascall tape r come s t o nomore vi “ d i . f w ex t h e o o e is i s. d for i h o d . than j , in f ll wing y ar it j j , j a nd (5)

ca e h e . t o m a k th e e th e ce e a s as I S . t pas ll tap r , pri b ing th n high lb doubtle ss it would vary from ye ar t o ye ar with th e amount of su n 1 6 m s e ee s e c o e l shine 55 u t hav b n p ially fa v ur d and wax fel in price . ”

In 1 8 e e s o a o cf. th e ve ker 5 5 again suppli s f ll h rt in Str tt n , payd z ll f i ii e of e xe m a k th pow gh y or j a quart r w t o e pascall taper xj d . i E Th e e e th e o s m o se s t ii f e e 5 C . o i o th e li j . n xt y ar c n u pti n ri j li w x I i i i a e th I . t o e e o e o e l th e . O i w xij d . and j a h lf barn b f r r d t oo as 1 r e re f ll f h e m e e e fo o o or t . xp nsiv , 5 54 a J r y la p ix d ” T HECO UNT EBO O KEA ND CHURCH SERVICES 39 was always alight day and night to mark t h e pre s e nce of th e e e e m e i e e to one of h e e r s rv d Sacra nt ; j 3 . y rly b ing paid t att n e th e be ddm an to e u m e m th e dants , p rhaps , s tt p and nd ( ind) ” m o th e e o e h e oo e o e la p . . Fr m nich v r t altar l k d d wn St . Andr w , ' th e o of th e 1 8 th e m e e e patr n Saint Church in 5 5 i ag was r paint d , th e e e e ii iii or o om e e e on paynt r r c iving j s . j d . f his w rk . S wh r " t h e or oe oo th e e o o 1 1 altar ab v it st d b st cr ss , which was s ld in 5 9 t h e Rood o e t h e lo e on for of ab v ft h ad its sp cial illuminati , a li e e t o e e h h v e t oo w x h lp mak t e tape rs b e fore t e Rowd e j d . Th n th e e e oo e e o e e t h e e in e o e o scr n d rs w r p n d , and cl rgy th ir pr c ssi nal o e o accol t e s th e o e o e c p s with ch ir and y , and with c ngr gati n mayb o o e e _o t h e —on Ro o s j ining in , pr c ss d r und — church gati n day the y struck off into th e fi elds with th e cros e bann e rs and th e stre ame r off s elk of which t h e Inve ntory t ells in 1 5 5 4 w e re ad of t h e purchas e of a banarstaffe and in 1 5 58 of ca n dyl es t o o th e e f Th e m e o in th e e o of putt up n bann r sta fe . nti n Inv nt ry ’ o e f e of o e ellt e of o e e a cr ss and a sta f c pp r g f. and cr ss bann rs ' ‘ o th e o e h e e o sh ws that cr ss was carri d in t proc ssi n . Th e rich ve stm e nts of t h e cl ergy we re in ke eping with th e o o of th e m e e th e e of th e o e e e of th e n ti ns ti s , wh n attir n bl s and v n we althi e r m e rchants was as rich and pre cious in its way as that of e m e T h e e e e of t h e Go e oo e n o o th ir da s . fr sp lling unt B k , d ubt ’ e e as e o e th e e m o r fl cting , n arly as p ssibl within scrib s li itati ns , t h e ommo o o m e e e o om e c n pr nunciati n , ak s th ir id ntificati n in s e ffi o o h h Cou nt e oo e instanc s di cult . Thus in additi n t t e cope t e B k e of th e ch e ssab ll th e h o b or o t h e o e e th e t lls us y , y bys , r ch tt s ,

oe th e ser ell e Th o e o e f r re ir ' in 1 2 i s . e o a st l s , p c p c m s p 5 9 , j s ’ e for t h e m e nd n off fo t o e b ing paid y g it , and r canvass am nd th e o e iii d o . 1 fo i e m r. r c p j , in 5 34 Vicar is paid j silv r butt ns for t h e o e x i d 1 m of for . e e is e c p j , and in 5 47 th r a pay nt j d s lk n o nt e s for t h e e o e e of e e 1 y y p y b st c pe . A s ri s ntri s in 5 47 witne ss t o t h e high valu e pu t by th e parish ione rs on th e rich e m e of e m e T h e t h e e of v st nts th ir inist rs . e first ntry re cords sal e of e e v ti i ii o e 5 . i d . plat silv r valu d at j j j , and sh rtly aft r in t h e sam e account follows th e paym e nt for Crym syn velfot x x x ii s iii d i . v i t o th e e m e e th e o t j j , with j v st nt mak r , acc un o pr bably including som e further e xpe nditur e on costly mate rials . T h e o o of e e m e mo e t o no t tal c st this valuabl v st nt , which a unt d e 3 m e . d . o of t h e m e e e m m e t l ss than £7 4 4 in n y ti , was , it s s , in

‘ t h e sal e of th e e of e e part by plat silv r , which was part d with o t e nable t h e Churchward e ns t o m e e t t h e h e avy liability on t h e o e l c p . In t h e account for 1 5 27 w e com e on a furth e r s e ri e s of

1 We may t ake occasion once more t ore mind ou r re aders that th e Cou nt e B oo e e s m u be m e e e e a t o k pric st ultipli d by tw lv at l st , bring e m u t o e e mo e e It e th e o e ou e th p pr s nt n y valu s . app ars that c p w ld hav os in ese mone u c t pr nt y pwards of £80 . 49 T HE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH e e for th e of e of i f e . o ntri s e purchas di (5) y rd satyn of burge s ( . B o h v m n x i and f u urg s for t e est e e t s j d . or v q arters of Gren et u ke for re be n s of for t om e t h e vest e m ent s , and sylk _ nd ” x vi for r r o od e fo m v . b j d and ad y g ld (g l thr ad r e broid ery) j d . l

' O ccasionally t oo som e rich cloth es w ere pre s e nte d or le ft t oth e m m 1 1 tobe e u o e e . m e church ad p int v st nts In 5 39 aste r —arund ll e o e toth e f om a n albe s o e gav his cl th s church , r which was fa hi n d E b e which was the n s e nt t o xe te r t o e bl e ss d . T h e church - inve ntori es t oo re ve al th e we alth of ve stm e nts o e u th e cofers th e sw tt of st r d p in standing in church , a (suit) o e i o e e for u se e black w rst d with j c ppes ( vid ntly at fun rals) , vii e e of ser ell e s ii Roch at t o e of velvett ch essab e ll j p r p and j , a c p ; a

“ of e e r of vest e m ent e s of lw kes c o er of blu silk , a p (Lu ca) g ld , a p vest e me nt s of w h t m er of ollo o e e y da ask , a p y sylk t g th r with

“ vii of ll ii - In 1 1 2 on e of t h e j p ere serpy e s i j Roche tt . 5 e arli e st e ntri e s in t h e Cou nt e B ook is for a ' ye rd of bocke ram t o ” ma e ii n ew - stol s t h e ma k n -m e e dr nk k j y vij d , y g t y

“ e c6mes t o iii th e e T h e o th e hir j d . and thr d j d . v bys in e ntry in 1 5 1 5 and t h e h oyb in 1 5 32 paid for vij yerdes and “ ’ e of f o m h m e e a quart r stu f t ake a oyb t o G . Willia s v stm nts ii d ” — e e o . j s . j . w r pr bably albs O e e e e e m e o e th e e of th r v stm nts fr qu ntly nti n d , sp lling which se e t o e e e t h e C e e e th e ms hav gr atly pu zzl d hurchward ns , w r

o e roc h ddes o o e ra c eh te s roch et e roc es . r ch ts ( g y , r chat , r ch tt , y , , g ) ’ - The y had nore lation toth e B ishop s roche t (originally th e coarse o or T h e Go e oo e cl ak gabe rdine worn by she phe rds) . unt B k o e e e m e th e o om la e r ch t was a lin e n v stm nt tri m d at b tt with c , usually worn und e r t h e surplice by t h e choirm e n and th e s e rve rs t h e b e dd em a n oc e e th e e w h o o has his r h tt and childr n , pr bably e e a Ccol t es 1 1 for i erde s of e o e to h lp d as y , 5 3 paid j y cr ss cl th e r h h l T h e vii e e of se e r lices mak acc yt es fort e ch y der xx d . j p r p me ntione d in t h e inve ntory shows that the r e we re s e ve ral lay om th e th e e mo o o m e . assistants in chanc l , stly pr bably ch ir n Fr e ntry in 1 5 6 5 paid t o th e v boye s against cryst ema s t o he lp t h e quye r xx d w e se e that boys we re at that tim e introduc e d oth e o h int ch ir at t e high fe stivals . T h e ince ns e cast its ve il about th e altar at th e more sol emn mom e nts of t h e s ervice and r e ache d th e congregation in th e e T w o of h e e e t o e e nav . t h e childre n w o had b n drill d th ir duti s

’ would be going in and ou t of t h e chance l b e aring t h e se ns e s e e e e e e t o e t h e of (c ns rs) which th y had b n instruct d wav at saying , m s e t h e t h e G_ospel and at t h e su pr e m e m om e nts of t h e as wh n sacring bell was sound e d by on e of t h e boy s erve rs t o call atte n o e e o e e e t h e o e t h e e e for ti n , and v ry n pr s nt in church w uld b nd kn Th e m e for e — e th e o a space . e s e ns oft n ca r pair p rhaps b ys

1 It is od a t h e e of th e Co e o a e h er d e s t l th t Matilda , wif nqu r r , g v r s for is e th purpos .

42 1 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

th e o e e o e e in sid e wall t o c nstitut a highly d c rative f atur . In Stratton th e s epulchre r e c e ss is nothing m ore than a plain m e e cha f r d arch . t h e Re o m o t h e e e r so of e m At f r ati n s pulchr s , o much th as

“ o be e e e o e e mb e / e e e e e c uld , w r d str y d in gr at nu rs ; wh r th y w r m of m m e u t h e ov e e o w as or o . ad a abl fra w rk , it brok n p s ld In e first ye ars of Elizab e th t h e Churchward e ns of Croxton in Lincoln shir e re port e d that th e s e pulchre had b e e n re move d from th e church and that the re had b e e n mad e of it a Sh elf t ose t dish e s on p ' in anoth e r Lincolnshire church it is said t oh ay e b e en m ad e into a h en - o t h e e e e o e Was So hous e . At Stratt n gr at s pulcr cl th ld

' for iii -in t h e r 1 e of ‘ ch u rch e a re e in j s . 5 5 sal s furnitur e ; w l ft o m g e t o e e . i n ranc as its ulti at , fat T h e h e 1 6 for L ant ran e for t h e e e churc lant rn , 5 5 a ch rch xiii e h e on his t ot h e t h e j d . brings b e for us t vicar way sick and d th e m e om t h e a t h e x o e e ying , carrying Sacra nt fr alt r in py c v r d th e o e e e e by can py and pr c d d by a sacristan with a light d lant ern , t o t h e e o of t h e e so h e s o n ot draw att nti n pass rsby , that h uld fail t o do e e e e ot h e e e e h e x r v r nc t Pr s nc within t py . O f t h e e e oo t h e ma s bok or m e o e d s rvic b ks “ Missal is nti n ,

' e 1 1 k m T h e for e u e r n o e Of a s bok . onc , 5 3 paid y (c v ring) , a v d ( cle rgy would ha ve th eir ow n - m issals which t hey w e r e e xpe ct e d t o h f r i e e a re e m t o t e o o e o . bring with th visitati ns v rificat n ) Th r , o e e e e e e e t o th e 3 o e o h w v r , fr qu nt ntri s r lating Manuals , Pr c ssi nals,

' ‘ m for G 1 or a e e e o . and raduals , 5 34 paid f n u anu ll b ck ij s , a e ro in ll 1 m for i G e e c ec a o d . t o e n u p b ck xx , 5 4 7 ast r vicar j rayl x v ii r n m n o m s . v d . for c a i e om e r t o bucks j j , y g th fr p y b d an ” om o m e 1 1 e of t h e e of fr b d an x d . An ntry in 5 3 sp aks m nding l e G e ntt b e t h e e e B oo h e e e e which would L g nd k , t fr qu nt r ading from w hich l ed t o t h e s e rious abridge m e nt of th e Scripture e o t h e e 1 8 of m e for o e t o L ss ns . Final ly ntry in 5 5 a pay nt a l k ” h v e o h e e n d f h e e e t e ont e vj d . tak s us t t e furth r o t church wh r

’ t h e o m o o o e e h N r an f nt st od cl s insid t e we ste rn e ntrance . It had b e e n ord e r e d that all fonts should be provid e d with covers which

1 Th e Manual containe d all those occasional office s which could b e a m e e e w a s B m mo C d inist r d by a pri st ; such aptis , Matri ny , hurching ' of Wome f th B u rial e t In f e r s on o e c . e e o ou n, Vi itati Sick, , th s fic s P e B e t h Th e G a ray r ook h a s close ly follow d e Sarum Manual . r dual o a e h G f h s e c nt in d t e raduals and som e othe r parts o th e Euc ari tic S rvice . T h e Proce ssiona l include d th e Litanie s used on fe stivals and on Ro H e i h i e t o a me om t h gation Days . nry VIII n s le tt r Cr n r acc panying e s e Of t h e E s a n a s e e oo e th e e o e for i su first ngli h Lit y s y , h r t f r p pl , partly that the y unde rstood no p art of su ch prayers a s we re use d t o be said s a e se t o c e e s a t oth e e o h l d om o s . T e od and ung , h v u v ry l ckly pr c ssi n o e o s o e m e of o o s of t h e th e pr c ssi nal c ntain d a nu b r inv cati n Saints , number invoke d de pe nding a p parently on th e length of t h e way which th e o pr cession took . T H EGO UNTE B O O K E AND CHU R CH S ERVI CES 4 3

o be e o e t h e o e e to e e t h e e sh uld k pt l ck d , bj ct b ing pr v nt sup r 1 stitiou s u se of t h e wate r as a re m e dy for ce rtain bodily ailme nts . T h e ij faw nt cloth ys includ e d in th e Inve ntory m ust have 2 e h e e B oo of 1 b e n th e Ch risom es us e d in baptisms . T Pray r k 549 ord ers that th e woman should offe r th e crisom e whe n sh e Com e s tobe churche d but if th e child happe ns todie b e fore h er church in S h e e e om of e om to g , was xcus d fr f ring it , and it was cust ary u se it as a sh rou d and t owrap th e child in it when it was buri e d . e o o o e e m a e e e no on e By an arly c nstituti n , which h w v r y hav b n l g r o e om e e e th e o e of m in f rc , chris s , aft r having s rv d purp s baptis , " we re t o be m ad e u se of only for t h e m aking or me nding of f f n lo h s e or f r h e o e . e e a w t c t et c . o t surplic s , , wrapping chalic s Th s y we re probably kept t obe us e d whe n th e mothe r of th e child was 3 unable toprovid e a d e ce nt ch risom e rob e .

1 In th e I st Praye r B ook of Edward VI th e wate r was only -t o be e e bl ss d once in th e month . 2 Afte r th e baptism it is ordere d that th e Godfathers and G od mo e s h e e o th e th e m e th r s all tak and lay th ir hands up n child , and inist r sha ll p u t upon h im h is white ve sture commonly calle d th e ch risome ‘ sa e e e e for o e of th e o e and y , Tak this whit v stur a t k n inn c ncy which ’ Go e in o m e of B m i e o ee by d s grac this h ly sacra nt aptis is g v n unt th , for n e e o mo e so o a s o e t o and a Sig wh r by th u art ad nish d , l ng th u liv st , e e to i o e of v e s o e is giv thys lf nn c ncy li ing , that , aft r this tran it ry lif ’ e e e f th 2n o m e be o th e e e e . n e nd d , th u ay st partak r lif v rlasting I d P rayer B ook of Edward VI \ th e cere mony of th e ch risome was dis con e tinu d . 3 Se e Appe ndix B for various points of inte re st in conne ction with t h e i church serv ce s . ' CHA PT ER VII

T HEGOUNTE B O O K E AND. C HU R CH FUND S

‘

' T HE Count e boke of th e h ye Cross e Ward e ns of Stratton ao dfi i MO CCCCCXI J Cove rs a pe riod of sixty - six ye ars from 1 5 1 2to ’ ’ 1 5 77 th e compa nion volum e e ntitle d Lib e r Comp et Ge n al R e e o A n drie d e o m a be e e e T h e c pt Sci Stratt n , , y r nd r d which ” G e e R B oo o f h o e e e f . e o o t e n ral c ipt k St Andr w Stratt n , sh rt r e io om 1 2t o1 e e te e - e r o oo p r d fr 5 3 5 4 7 . Th s six nth c ntu y acc unt b ks , o e e o e oom t h e e of t h e C e m e nc pr ci us h irl s In charg hurchward ns , ca towards th e e n d of t h e last ce ntury intoth e poss e ssion of William

“ E of t h e B e s . e e w h o e e Mask ll , q, Castl , ud , aft rwards part d with em t oth e B m no li E om t e e e e w e . h ritish Mus u , wh r th y xtracts fr ’ th e co a re e Go ldin B l n ch m inst e r ac unts giv n in Mr . u g s a Charity ” R e o o e om e e o e of em o e c rds , a m r c pl t n tic th is c ntain d in a

' o o E e o Es t o th e S ociet of c ntributi n by dward P ac ck , q, y ’ ’ e e o e Antiquari s and publishe d in A rchwologzci; Mr . P ac ck s pap r h a s e e e for e o o hi m e b n print d privat circulati n , and a c py w ch ca into th e hands of t h e writer has b e e n pre s e nte d by him t o th e o e t h e of th e for church at Stratt n , and plac d in hands Vicar e e o e m o futur re fere nce . Th s e ancie nt re cords furnish a c nt p rary e of th e e of t h e t h e e e e vi w church lif parish , in y ars pr c ding and o o on t h e R e o m o e od of e e e e f ll wing f r ati n p ri , gr at int r st and valu , and the y throw light b oth on t h e customs of th e tim es and on th e e o m n chang s g ing forward si ulta e ously within th e church building . e o m o m a ob e m h e o oi th e Furth r inf r ati n y als gle an e d fro t r e c rds . B l anch minst er of e e o e Charity , which a d tail d acc unt is giv n In Go ’ . e e o Mr lding s int r sting w rk . Noth ing could be more contrary t ot h e facts than t h e id e a that th e churche s were built and maintain e d by t h e ge ntry in th e m e w e a re oo n h T h e o ti s l king back o t e ge ntry scarc e e xiste d . l rd of th e m o h is e B in h am e 1 an r had castl at y aft r 335 , but it was o e for n o mo e few e t h e m e om ccupi d r than a y ars , fa ily b c ing e T h e e e xtinct soon afte r t h e d e ath of Sir Ralph in 1 34 8 . stat e e em to e e e l e t ou t e e e for th e o th n s s hav b n in parc ls , xc pt sh rt ’ e o of Col sh u ll T h e T rer s e p ri d Sir John s r e sid ence . y Arund lls e e Ef o a s e e e e e e ow n w r at f rd , using it a s asid r sid nc , with th ir ’ e om T h e o o e e e o chap l and d estic chaplain . nly th r n ar n ighb ur o mo of e o e h im on th e was Sir J hn Cha nd Launc lls H us , built by old m n of h of o e e e patri o y t e Abb e y Hartland . Sir J hn int r st d T HEGO UNTEBO O KEA ND CHURCH FUNDS 45 h ims e lf in Stratton and was a re sponsible party in th e contract for th e e e I 1 e e n o e e e th e scr n in 5 3 , but th r is vid nc that church w as ind e bte d e ithe r t o th e Ch amon ds or th e Arunde lls in any e No o e e e t h e o e sp cial way . d ubt in v ry arly tim s land wn rs had e ve rywhe re cons e crate d th e tithe of t h e produce of the ir land with f f r e for th e e e of th e e a portion o glebe o e v r sust nanc parish pri st , but th e only re cord O f any consid e rabl e donation t o th e church is th e be qu e st of Sir Ralph de B la n ch m in st er in 1 34 8 for th e h T h e th e building of th e north aisle of t e church . fact is that ge ntry only cam e into b e ing with th e produ ction and dist ribu t h e Cou nt e oo e o tion of we alth in late r time s . What B k sh ws ve ry plainly is that th e church was maintaine d throughout by t h e voluntary contributions of t h e p e opl e the ms e lve s and in n o o O o th e stockw a rde ns e om e n ou t the r way . ccasi nally add d s thi g of th e church funds in _the ir posse ssion to m e e t some spe cial e e xp ns e . i T h e Th e source s of t h e church we re in fact many and va r oUs . old e o m e t h e th e e nd w nts , Charity and Sanctuary lands attach d to t h e m e ou t of m e o e o e e church ti ind , had fall n l ng sinc t g th r with t h e advowson of t h e living into t h e hands of th e Priory at Launc e ston ; tw o or thr e e acr es b eing all that was le ft for t h e ’

o e e o m e e o for t h e . pars n s gl b , with p ssibly a s all r sidu als church h of e e T w o m o e e T re b urt ell t e . s all pr p rti s , in parish St St ph n by Launce ston and Exinith e ra or Ne th e rex e in th e parish of e e o e e e t o th e e o m e St . Mary W k had als b n add d church nd w nts m f 0 mo e e e t h e e e e su o 3 . e r r c ntly in pr c ding c ntury . A 4 y arly was e to t h e e e on t h e e of m th e payabl vicar , b ing a charg r nt a far in parish ofn loskerry on condition of his pre aching tw o s e rmons h E 1 ye arly on tw os e parate Sundays in t e church of gloske rry . T h e Churchward e ns alsore ce ive d t h e re nts of th e church hous e t h e cr c h e o e e e m o e tot h e stockw a rde ns and y h us , and hand d th v r of t h e for th e el e of t h e oo e o of th e parish r i f p r , r parati ns church , ” 2 o e e e B o t h e o e t h e and th r n c ssary purpos e s . th church h us and

1 i o to th e c wh o o e e Th s f rty shillings is still paid vi ar has , h w v r , th f e h bee n e xcuse d from e duty o pr aching t e se rmons . 2 Th e crych e house w a s nodoubt originally designe d for t h e re ce ption of C s c e e on th e st oc kw arde n s th e a taway hildr n . Lat r and church

‘ e as t oth e o e o of t h e o e w as ward ns had a suit p ss ssi n church h us , which o e m e o of th e C e . e finally t r inat d in fav ur hurchward ns A witn ss , J hn e of th e a e of o o s o e e s h is me mo e Mar s , g ab ut f ur c r y ars , aid that ry w nt back to th e time be fore th e church house w a s built and that t h e land ’ on which it w as built was one Tre nge ar s and a common filthy place . O ther re cords se e m t o show that th e land w as bought from T re nge ar for £43 and hande d ove r t ofe offe e s in 1 5 5 6 It is probable that th e name of th e church house was applie d t ot woor thre e contiguous house s ove r oo th e o e a e ih o of th e c e a nd _ e e l king p n sp c fr nt hurchyard gat s , that th s o e e m e e e th e ame of e m e h us s still r ain . Th y w re originally call d by n T pl We ma ma n e m e m a me c e on Stairs. y i gi e th fill d with ny a rry r w high 46 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH : c rych e house w e r e availabl e for trad e rs t o set u pth e ir stalls and t o e r oo 1 1 n n e display th i g ds . In 53 J ohn Marre s has his st a dy g in t h e church hous e at t h e Spring Fair and again late r at t h e ’ ’ T a n dre w s . e . e S in th e m e e th e (i St Andr w ) fair sa y ar ,

' u o e e on on e o o t o e om e m e to ch rch h us is l t ccasi n a b arward , s ti s th e E ons e n ii t o e t oth e scol e m a st e r for i . gyp y (gipsi s) , and c j d T h e Crych e h ou se was us e d alsoby huckste rs and othe rs for the ir st an d n es or o e bu sin €ss c f off h b l e off th e . rec . t e a e y g th r , , y town e for O ccupying off th e crych e howse for ij fe orys

’ - - re c off . Ma st e r Thorn e for occ u pyng off th e orrram en t s of t h e

' cr ch e x i ff - h d . r o e c . G e for occ u n of th e e c n y j , arr tt py g k y g n t h e cr ch o e e e -1 y y h ws with t s le s . Th h e e t e e o of t h e e of er te . church al s , pr curs rs parish t as a lat da b o h r m r ug t in la ge su s ye arly t ot h e church funds ; in 1 5 34 re c . m e of ou r a l e x lv in I 8 R e c e v m dr n ke s . e for ad , 5 3 y d s all y

“ t h e brew n x vii f f r d. or x ii Th e o last y g j , draft _ j d . p rincipal day t h e dr nk n es Ro ati n u a e e e e o e y y g was g O S nd y , but th r w r th r O i o T h e m e h e o ccas ns . arrange nts we re carried ou t undert e p rs nal

’ ‘ e o of t h e C e b u t th e _ oo e er- zw as sup rvisi n hurchward ns , g d ch o e t h e Th e n for 1 1 ow th e pr vid d by parishion e rs . accou t 5 4 sh s o o m e : R f ll wing pay nts e ce vyd for t h e browne m e le ij d . a m s o t h e o e C e n w oo t h e J y (pr bably th r hurchward n) was y . d last brew in d th f h for oo e t o . e e o t e oo d . v , and I was r st w d x , w d " R o e h m x ii d r f r b k n f r i . t e t e i d . o a o e s fo st all y j _ , y br d and py j , l f iii ott e s o s d r f r r W n d . e d . o o e t e b e vij p y y ix , h pp s h last y g j ,

' for o e es s of J a cun t ren et e M w ife is t o a . for a . _ f ur p y o , sund y , y p y

“ ” e of m e e b e a d i b x f o vii a p ck l y hep n j o sys o fl ure j d . Drinking at other tim e s in t h e church hous e was forbidde n a nd vp u nish abl e “ f a l e t h e . r of S e h dr n k n of o e e . e c . t n e by fin s , g p y y y g a cann yn ' c h r re o m e mo o o o u ch h ou se j d . There a als randa f c ntributi ns ma e t o th e R m n th e e d church by obyn Hood and his e . In y ar 1 8 e e o h m of o 1 o e d . 5 3 th s p pl e gave t e large su ,g3 s . Fe e s w e re alsocharg e abl e for t h e placing of nam e s on th e be d e ro for e f r h 1 f m e t o o t e e 26 re c . o ll pray rs d ad , 5 y Lady Arund ll R E o e th e e e set M . ychard arund ell and dward Arund e ll a p n b d for t h e o v s . vii d or h of th e . f t e e r ll j j , and again ringing kn ll d e parte d ; the re w e re fre qu e nt paym e nts also for th e privilege of t h e 1 1 e f e G st e for hi s 2 r c . o burial within church , 5 Walt r y ” w f tt ii iii o th u s . . e t y y py j s j d (Mr . P ac ck re marks tha e ch rch ' e e e mo fe e e must hav b n al st pav e d with corps e s) . A was charg d

s a nd o s ou t for th e al e i th e o day h lidays , pa sing in and drink ng, wind ws a n d t h e churchyard hard by crowde d with Spe ctators t owitne ss th e bull o e t h e e e o e baiting and th r sports in e ope n Space outsid . All th s w uld hav e o e e th e e th pr vi usly att nd d arly mass in e church . 1 Th e or me e re o e e e e e in na nts w pr bably us d at, fun rals and w r k pt th e cr ch T h e e e e e e e s a s t o ou t y e house . t azl s w r spr ad ther o odry sl wly f t e f o h e glar o th e su n . T HEGO UNTEB O O KEAND CHUR CH FUNDS 47

l 1 of for t h e e ou t of th e e a t fu n era s 2 re c . l tting black sut , 5 1 v Th e Thomas Marys for t h e bracke sut e x j d . [ black su it was appare ntly a ce re monial dre ss worn in th e fun e ral cortege by th e chi e f mourn e r ; in th e inve ntory it is d e scrib e d as a sute of blake w oryst e d with t o (t w o) coppe s (probably cape s) I 5 33 c of o Ch olw l for th e occu n of th e e for re . J hn y l py g black sut e e 1 r c of o e for t h e e e r qui m 5 34 e . J hn Wulf black sut xx d — o e e o e c for kert ll and pr bably r f rring t th e sam e fun e ral r . a y Eb ll l ii Esb ll L ll v . that s (Isab el ll gave tot h e church s . j d ( y y y ) y ‘vi h is pe rhaps t h e d e ce as e d w h ohad l e ft this be qu e st tot e church) . T h e d e c e as e d was pre sumably a pe rson of importanc e as th e c of o o o o th e o e o e th e re . d ct r als j ins pr c ssi n w aring black suit ,

“ o o o m f r ii e om e Mr . d ct r n r an o th e black sute i j d . and n xt c s th e m e for th e e re c of o e e for pay nt kn ll , . J hn William at h l a ” kn ll iii . y ~ j d Ve ry substantial he lp cam e alsofrom th e frate rnity of th e h ye o e t h e o e t oth e e “ o Cr ss and vari us guilds attach d sid altars , and fr m th e yel ds or yi e lds at t h e altars gathe r e d on th e principal church o of e e— th e h e o e t h e o ma d e ns h ly days . All th s y cr ss , h ly y ’ 1 and t h e m e n s guild of ou r lady of h olm e don in th e lady e th e of S e n t G eo e of S e nt A r ell e chap l , guilds y rg and y m , had th ir ' s e parate ward e ns whos e t e rm of office last e d for som e t w o or

“ h re e e s th e e o of e e e t y ar , at xpirati n which th y hand d in th ir o e t o h e C e e m e a re set o m ni s t hurchward e ns . Th s pay nts d wn in t h e Ge ne ral Re c e ipt Book which embrace s a p e riod of e ight e e n e om I 2t o 1 e e no m e of o h ow y ars fr 5 3 5 49 , and th r is ans kn wing long t h e custom had continu e d but it m ust have com e t o an e nd t h e i o of th e 1 —1 1 t h e with tak ng d wn altars in 5 47 5 5 . I n cours e of thes e eight ee n y e ars th e confrate rnity of t h e h ye Cross e e e for t h e e e m 1 1 6 5 . d e gath r d church as uch as £ 75 , but th y w r outdon e by th e guild of S e yn t A rm ell which h e ads th e list with 1 e e e n o e 20 0 e e mo e e £ 7 r pr s nting l ss than £ in pr s nt n y valu . ’ ’ S e ynt G eorge s guild and ou r lady s tw o guilds follow with e mo h n slightly l ss a unts . During this period t e ew Scre e n was in o e of e e o o e e f o e e e m e c urs r cti n , and pr bably sp cial f rts w r b ing ad t o o f r T h e e ld c lle ct o it . y s we re th e colle ctions mad e at t h e on th e o ( e e o e e ou r church altars h ly lays th s als had th ir ward ns , e e th e e o o on L a d da t h e a lh alw e ne e lady y ld b ing d v ti ns y y , y ld on - o e e . . e t w o o on All hall w n St Andr w had days , his translati n 2 on o e m e 0 ol O e l e d s e e May 9 and again N v b r 3 ( d style ) . th r y w r th e e on m h rin r ' n om t e t et e sto a d . cryst y ld Christ as Day , , St Th as

f O u r lady of h ol m a don me ant probably ou r lady of th e holy m ai de nhood in allusion to t h e suppose d pe rpe tual virgi nity of th e B e se d l s Virgin Mary . 2 e e a re e e e n e th e t w o ai h e s in t h e a s Th s r pr s t d by F rs ld till p ri h , on Ma 20 an d o e m e 0 th e a e e no oc th e y N v b r 3 , l tt r b ing still k wn l ally by ’ me of T a ndre w s r na Fai . i ‘ 43 T HE ST O RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

e T h o o a . e o of h l D t e . e ds y y ld t tal c ntributi ns guilds and _y toge ther amount e d in e ight e e n ye ars to £5 0 at le ast in pre se nt valu e ) . O t ot h e e s e e e e tw oor e e e wing ward n b ing chang d v ry thr y ars , Co e o me s are o t h e o E e m e l s up n sixty na sh wn In acc unts . ach m b r of th e so o h e em e m em e o be e e e guilds , l ng as r ain d a b r , w uld xp ct d t o a is e o o at his In i p y h d v ti ns _ guild altar . th s way a large m e o e mo t e o e em e of th e nu b r , pr bably larg ly a ng h y ung r m b rs o e o e o o e m co e c ng r gati n , wer br ught int activ sy pathy and Op ra o h e ch ii rch n ti n with t u d ertakings . Truly it m ay be said that t h e d w a e ol Church s wis in its day .

~ Fr e qu e nt m e ntion is m ad e also. in t h e Cou nt e B ooke ofindi o m o t h vidual gifts . Sir J hn Cha nd during e building of t h e scree n n x x v vii m co e s . d . u e Es u ier tribut s j j , and Thoas Ar nd ll q in 1 f r h n ll x xv o e c a u ce o s . vii h d . t e o o i o 5 45 y als j j , nly ccas ns on l e o o ow e e 1 O n th e o . e which a arg d nati n Is ackn l dg d th r hand , e e a re om m e t o e i e m o o 1 th r fr ti tim qu t s all d nati ns , as in 5 4 7 e fi ve m m a re e e e o xi o iii d t . wh n s all su s r c iv d varying fr m j d . j , 2 when on e of t h e b e lls was re cast Gifts we re more freque ntly m e t o b m 1 0 ad in kind e turn e d into on e y . In 5 3 th e Vicar gave

e e t h e e of Wt h -1 S n ot e 1 E a k rchi f valu stat d , in 5 34 Christian bya i v x X ia n o v n f a k rtle valu e d at j 5 . j d . and p ugl w j spo ys o ’ x v v i d 1 o E d l l e s i . d x . e oboet si v r , j j again in 5 4 7 J hn a and ro r d n r h i h u t e s . e u d e e sc u r i s iii n o sc r t . t x and gg p his j j d . A u ncommom form of gift w a s that of som e rich dre ss tobe m ad e u p m 1 e f intoa church ve st e nt . In 5 39 m ast r Arund ell give s a sute o ve stme nts ou t of which a n ew albe is made in th e following ye ar ' h E e b t e alb e is s e nt t o xe t r t o e ble ss e d . Th e Churchward e ns rece ive d th e various monie s from th e e e o th e e e for e m e th e o e e of th e e b d r ll , f s int r nts , pr c ds church al s , th e e m e t h e Ro oo o e cont ribu guild and y ld pay nts , byn H d and th r

“ o e e e o e o / e ou me for t h e ti ns , and w r r sp nsibl f r th vari s pay nts m e e of th e of th e e e t h e o o of aint nanc church and s rvic s , pr visi n th e t h e can del es th e o l for th e m e th e e e wax , , y la p , car and r p air of th e o e t h e o th e e : e oo e of t h e cl k , rgans , b llys th y t k charg e e e of th e e e church v ss ls and furnitur , and valuabl church v st h f f h e e t e e o th e co ers oe o t e . m nts , and k pt k ys st r d ab ut building a t th e e m e e a s \ m a e e e o th e Cou n t e And V stry tings , y b s n fr m B oo e e e a n o of e s e t o t h e k , th y gav acc unt th ir t wardship r o em o e o e e ese e th e w e e . p arishi n rs , wh s r pr ntativ s y Thr ugh th t h e pe ople of th e parish had control of t h e church rare ly and

only incid e ntally doe s th e parson appe ar in th e Cou nt e Booke . T h e p arson h a d control of t h e s e rvice s but th e peopl e kept th e . e care of t h e church in th ir ow n hands .

1 G e s of o r o of R C mo of 0 Mr . oulding Sp ak a c nt ibuti n ichard ha nd 5

towards th e Armada D e fe nce Fund . 2 e f e e se Th e be lls were a constant sourc o xp n .

“ 5 0 T HESTO RY O F STR ATTO N CHUR CH

Th e Gou nte B ooke in the Reign of Edward VI

Th e new Parliame ntarian regulations affe cte d th e life of th e e e e T e o m . h o of th e Ro parish in varying _d gr s pr cla ati n yal e th e e on of t h e l o e th e o Supr macy and suppr ssi papa p w r , diss lu o of th o e e th e e u of t h e B e E ti n e m nast ri s , s tting p ibl in nglish in ' t h e e e e mere or l ess w el com e innovations Th e church s , w r all . o e e e o e E th e mo e e o e P p was n v r l v d in ngland nast"ri s had utliv d e e e ere e e e e t h e e w h o th ir us fuln ss , and w r gr tt d chi fly by b ggars

' had fe d at the ir gate s t h e r e ading of t h e Bibl e in the ir ow n tongu e had ope ne d m e n s minds totruths of salvation which had e m m T h e o f of b e n long hidd e n fro the . d ing away o th e celibacy th e cle rgy was l e ss popular ; t h e p e opl e we re unaccustom e d t o a marri e d cle rgy and th e ir childre n we re still re gard ed a s ifile giti ’ mate ; in Elizab e th s re ign a spe cial Act of Parliam e nt was 1 re quired tore move th e stigm a : T h e re o of th e e e 1 supp ssi n chantri s by H nry VII I in 5 45 , and th e of e e e e t o t h e o t h e n ew granting th ir r v nu s King , br ught 2 re gulations n e are r hom e .

‘ T h e chantri e s We re clos ely attache d t o th e ch II rch an d t o t h e h Church altars and church guilds . And as t e s e cular guilds had the ir altars and the ir d e votional sid e , soth e re ligious guilds had also the ir s e cular us e s b e sid e s providing funds for t h e O bits of e em e th e e e for e e th ir m b rs in chantry chap ls th y paid th ir fun rals , e e e th e o ow e e e e oo e r li v d rphans and wid s , and v n tr at d p r strang rs ’ e VI II S e o o t h e t o hospitality . H nry l gislati n in ab lishing chantrie s struck at th e whole common life of th e p e opl e h a n i e e o e e c t I es and guilds disapp ar d t g th r . In 1 5 47 th e royal Inj unctions first and t h e parliam e ntary l egislation which followe d rous e d e ve ry parish in England t o e e o o e ou t o a 1 8 re sistance . A r b lli n br k in C rnw ll in 5 4 and was o o e b th e e o e e e o e th e e quickly f ll w d y D v nshir r b lli n , wh n insurg nts be sieg e d Exe te r and re duce d t h e Cathe dral City t o t h e last T h e b e s n es e th e e e xtre miti e s . y (busin ss) that was in w st is th e cautious phras e by Which th e Cou nt e Booke d e not e s th e

1 ' Th e Que e n herse lf 1 3 said t ohave addresse d th e wife of one of h er ‘ ’ e E e me w as s o s d m m ou b . bi h p , Ma a , if Mada y In lizab th s ti it ordere d that noprie st or de acon Should marry without th e approbation e of th e h o of tw o e of t h e e ace nor o first obtain d bis p and j ustic s p , with ut f th e e or e ve of th e oma or e sh e th e consent o par nts r lati s w n , , in cas had no e o of th e m s or th e m e om sh e r lati ns , a ter istr ss with wh was at t service (a proof of th e low rank the n h eld by h e clergy) . ‘ ‘ 2 l C o n e a th e e d T h e od hurch hist ria Full r says qu intly, b st ish

e e a e as . e e e e o is t o b e of th e cours ; aft r ch ntri s , aft r ch s , n thing C w as c e or o e e e e in e xpe cte d . A hantry a hap l th r s parat d plac a church for th e ce le bration of masse s forth e soul of some person departe d ’ Hoo Chu rch D ictionar . this life . k s y CO UNT EB O O KEAND CO NTEMPO RARY EVENTS 5 1

e to o m e e th e to o of o rising . Appar ntly c m nc with wnsf lk Stratt n w e re calle d on t o furnish th e ir quota t o t h e force which th e Go e m e o m e o v rn nt was colle cting t carry the ir asur e s thr ugh . e 1 6 t w o e e o e th e e e Cou n t e As arly as 5 4 , y ars b f r rising , th r is a B ooke e ntry for e xpe ns e s dely u ere d t o Richard C ham ond m e for o n n th e k n e s e s bes n es ii t o ar ig r g y g y y g grac y y j d , payd om K k f i d a e r i ii e d or i sw e rde s s d . Th as y y j j g v s j , indicating tw o m e n e u for e i e th e o i that w re calle d p s rv c in c unty m litia . T h e Ch a mon ds b e longe d t ot h e n e w aristocracy which we r e taking t h e e of t h e old o e e e e th e of th e Ro e plac h us s d pl t d by Wars s s , and e e h m B u t th e e e w r like ly t obe found on t e Gove rn e nt Sid e . ntri s

’ d elyu ere d to Wyllia m Grove St ephe n Daw for t h e b e syn e s f x v w s ii h for e or e . that a y t e we st part x s . paid br d th m j d f or m x 0 . t o paid ch e s e that the y had with th e j d . 15 paid Mr . om e t h e bo e of W llia m Y e o t o a e Th as Arund ll by nd s y , p y th m ” x iii mo e o u e e b n x x . e that w nt w st at his e sy ys j s . j d hav a r d ubtf l oo e m e o ' e e m e e o e for l k . M b rs f th Arund ll fa ily w r unf rtunat ly e m e e m e u w t h e e o e e e b th s lv s ix d p ith D v nshir rising , h ad d y m e e w h o e e o e on o e . Hu phr y Arund ll , nd d by l sing his h ad T w rhill It s e e m s that on this occasion Wylliam Rodd lost his m ar e th e ar ssh e w a s o e t o a for t h e h e which p y c nt nt p y , mar , if had ’ n ot h s m r o ba u n d s o e m e t a s . y agen xx , and that Nic las h rs m e om o e e e t ot h e o with a Si ilar fat , j udging fr a n t app nd d acc unt 1 ' N c l h x d . oas in 5 5 2 t e which mone y [x s . ] y baund hath re sse vyd in part of paym e nt for his hors e which h e lost in the s bes n e s t h e m e n w er a re d t h e N colas o y , and vilj g that sayd y Sh uld

for h m h m for h o e . h . e e e e t o e es . o hau xxv s . and th r r st h rs v s v d T h e e e om e t h e e for e for th e n xt y ar c s ntry , paid a quitanc pardon at launce ston iiij Th e connivance of th e Stratton o th e e u or m e o e f lk in rising was hush d p , it ight hav g n hard with som e of th e m t h e authoriti e s had proce e d e d far e nough in the ir re prisals and we re not t oo anxious t omak e mu ch of the ir rathe r insi nifi Ca n t e h e o o t h e f 1 g part tak n by t t wnsf lk in a fair . M e anwhil e t h e royal Com missione rs app e ar on th e sce n e and t h e Churchward e ns a re summone d b e fore the m at Launce ston l h l 1 for e e e o la n c e ston for and estwyt ye l . In 5 34 payd xp ns s t to r make aw nse r to th e K yn ge s commyssinors for t h e ch u rch e e x v 1 h e k n e v sit a con fort a k n of land s j d . 5 4 7 paid at t y g s y [ y g i x v 1 a n d for e x n ce S . vii . Inve ntory] ii j 8 . j pe s j j d 5 49 payde for th e m a kyng of t h e kynge s Inve ntory for t h e church oo 1 1 for m k n e r of g d and for pape r vij d . 5 5 payd a y g a p e n dentors of h e c h u rch oo x i 1 for th e t e g d j d . 55 3 payd e x pe nsys of Iiij m e n togot ol e stw yth yell b e fore t h e kyn ge s com ssion er iii 13 R e s s . 0 1 6 6 n l n on e o y j x d . 5 payd y idin at o st b f r t h e c omisch n e e re s n e f i m e n 1 1 1 V II . y charg s o j ] 5 . ] d

1 Th e a o of B odm n w as h h is ow n doo os M y r i ung at rp t . 5 2 T HE STO RY O F STR ATTO N CHURCH

Th e o t oo e e e o ~ th e of th e e o bish ps , s l ct d fr m ranks r f rming e o o e o th e e e of th e om o e Th e cl rgy , f ll w d up n h ls c missi n rs . bishops had always all through th e Middle Ages kept a tight on h e e o o e o e e O n e of h hand t church lif thr ugh ut th ir di c s s . t e first e ntri e s in t h e Cou nt e B ooke in 1 5 1 2re cords t h e visit of my o bossh o t oth e for e dr nk t o t h e l rd pp parish , paid br d y r n r e bo h i f y ge s to r eng a ge ns my lord ss opp j d . paid or a h g allon of wyn e t oge ve my lord bossh op ij ( 1 . Again in 1 5 33 t e

‘

B o e e e for a c of ra se s ru sh e s . a e nst m ish p is xp ct d , paid a p y ( ) g y ” o b ch e c m n ii 1 th e C e e s u . are e l rd pp y j d In 5 34 , hurchward ns call d ” t o m f nt rb r V i i c n x iii d 1 y lord o caw e e y is s t a o j . ’ Late r on e ntrie s of paym e nts for atte ndance at th e bishop s o at L a u n ce stoh e e B o i a re o o visitati ns , at W k , at dm n c ntinu us . 1 1 for e e e e w e a er d e o m o e 5 5 Paid , xp ns s wh n pp y b f r y l rd ” ii for u r e x e n c th v zi c n s o es e t a o . j . Paid p at y at wick x d o e on o o t h e mo e o e e My l rd this ccasi n was fa us Mil s C v rdal , 2 h e h E t translator with Tyndal of t e Bible into nglish . It is worthy of notice that th e Churchward e ns do n ot s ee m t o e e ow n e e e th e o th e m e e charg th ir xp ns s in acc unts , pay nts b ing e for th e e of t h e o e tw o w h o appar ntly charg s parishi n rs , usually , e h em as e o 1 e are o e atte nd d with t att st rs . In 5 5 9 th y acc mpani d n o e of th e o e ex en sis th e bosh es by l ss than six parishi n rs , p at yp vi i ion f r v m en o m x vi c ( 1 . 0 t at o j at b d an j 5 . ix 15 and again by n t h e o E e 1 6 1 2 n e 1 e e e at . 6 2 s v n m at visitati n ast r , A ntry in 5 shows that the y were e xpe cte d t o bring with the m t h e parish ’ f r o t h o off a ll m o l oo o e e c . ff c a l b ks insp cti n by bish p s y y , paid y y o r R e e e h v on v t o t o sch w ou g st r bok e at t t e ycyt a cy j d . paid r fo ow t f h m v T h e o rn vy car r ta ke n t o t e na e s j d . Vicar w uld ’ also b e re quire d t o att e nd th e B ishop s visitations on his ow n o t o his m o e e e oo for acc unt , and bring issals and th r S rvic b ks T h e e o o e h is o o e inspe ction . Archd ac n als h ld c urt and d ubtl ss e h is e e -1 26 for e e s e of th e A rch de k ns w isit a con charg d f s , 5 xp n s y h e mou n n o e T h e et e re s ferth in e at l an cest on (t a t is t giv n) . p g s \ m e ntione d in 1 6 1 2 payd for pe t eres fe th in ges at the sam e ' ’ v i n v e e h Ch u rch of t ot e e . e e icit at o x j d . w r paid Cath dral St P t r s ’ E e e are o e th e stockw a rd ens at xe t r . Similar paym nts c ntinu d in accounts .

1 P om e 1 . o h e e C m o e e 21 ebr. m Th as ran r , c ns crat d F , 5 33 r bably ca n o e e E e e n ar r than x t r . 2 O n t h e acce ssion of Que e n Mary h e w as expe lle d fromh is se e a n d ’ H e e m e b u t - e e t e a o d . e E a e s o e te w nt br a r turn d in liz b th ti , r fus d n r o h is se e E e e e e t o ss t h e e m e s of again up n at x t r , pr f rring pa r aining y ar h i f s e a s e e c e u n e th e me o e Co e e . lif an itin rant pr a h r , d r na Fath r v rdal H e e a s one of th e on e o of th e n e w r s o P e act d c s crat rs A chbi h p ark r , and n e im E w a s die d in 1 56 8 . T h e Maria bishop w h o succe de d h at xe ter i m e e e o e e 1 e e 1 . It s B o Ja s Turb rvill , c ns crat d in 5 55 d priv d 5 59 ish p

Turbe rville w h o holds th e ne xt visitation in 1 5 5 6 . CO UNT EB O O KEAND CO NTEMPO R ARY EVENTS 5 3

In 1 549 th e old S ervice books we re ord e re d tobe surre nd e re d t o ’ ’ th e o offi ce rs m e e of th e th e bish p s , i ag s and pictur s saints in

’ e e e t o e e o e o e 1 1 com church s w r b tak n d wn and d str y d , and in 55 missions we re issu e d tolay hands on th e j e we ls and rich ve stm e nts ’ of th e churche s to be d e live red into t h e King s hands The s e o o e o e e e e ou c mmissi ns wer dish n stly x cut d , and it was f nd ' n e ce ssary to appoint Othe r commission ers t o e nquire into th e e e m o o i n o of mb zzle e nts of the ir p re d e cess rs . Fr ud e his hist ry E e m on th e o o e E th e ngland r arks c mmissi ns und r dward VI , In — autumn and wint e r of 1 55 1 2n ole ss than four com missions we re appointe d t ogo ove r t h e ofte n -trodd e n ground and t o gle an th e t h e last spoils which could be gathere d from t h e churche s . _ In busine ss of plunde r th e Gove rnm e nt had b e e n far distance d e o e e o T h e of th e o o e hith rt by privat p culati n . halls c untry h us s

‘ we re hung with altar cloths table s and b e ds were quilte d with cope s th e knights and e squire s drank the ir wine ou t of chalice s

e e , f and wat r d the ir hors e s in marble cofins . All this tim e vital change s we re b eing force d on an unwilling pe ople by a Gove rnment b e nt on carrying forward th e R e form a o o mm e 1 8 t h e new omm o e e ti n pr gra . In 5 4 C uni n S rvic in - English which had b e e n drawn u p by a committe e of bishops and e e th e Cou nt e B oo e e e m e e divin s was issu d , and k ntri s this sa y ar , for o of ii for l a c n e st e ls ods e ls v d . a b ck y py and g p j , and y g for t h e commu n on o i ’ h o e e d . S h ow t at y b ck j , in Stratt n th r had e e no 1 Th b n d elay in subscribing t oth e n ew ord e r . e Latin mass had gon e and th e n e w English Comm union S e rvice had tak e n its e t h o plac . In e f llowing ye ar t h e first English Book of Common e of E u th e o of th e Pray r dward VI , drawn p , in w rds Act in which it was e mbodie d with th e aid of th e Holy Ghost was u t o t h e e ii n ew o e not d for e p f rth , and again ntry , j b ck s y mat us e e on n l s h x v o t h e mme e s d . e e t and v ns g in y g y j , witn ss s i diat o o of t h e n ew B o n lissh Th e n ew intr ducti n Praye r o k in y g . Matins and Eve nsong Were bas e d on th e old Use s with th e re moval of e e e a s t h e e for th e th e e c rtain f atur s such pray rs Saints , pray r for th e o e th e e of th e e e of t h e P p , and r ading l g nds Saints which in t h e old s e rvice s had large ly take n t h e place of th e Scripture e o T . h e O f e e th e e L ss ns daily fice s , which had b n said by cl rgy o e e e mo e o o th e e e e now al n in th ir arly rning d v ti ns in chanc l , w r e for o e o u o e of m e e e e se a d . adapt d c ngr gati nal , n in c urs ti thr at n d ’ t o supers e d e th e Sacram e nt of th e altar a s th e usual layman s e e S rvic . H e nce forth also by th e Inj unctions of Edward VI th e Com

1 T h e n e w Communion Se rvice w as to come into u se on Easte r Day

I . P o th e e r o e w ei e ss e o d a nd t h c (April ) r bably a ly c pi s i u d unb un , la c n o d b e for t h e e y g w ul e pre se rvation of th e loose le a ve s . A lat r ntry i n 1 d for t h o m i ii iii e 5 5 3 , e m on oc ke i s . d . e no o pai c un b j j , r f rs d ubt to a o o b und c py. 5 4 T HE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH

“

‘ munion was t o be ' admini st ere d in both kinds as agre e able t o m e e n ow for t h e m e e e t o pri itiv usag , and first ti wyn b gins ’ ‘7 e t h e e c o E e for app ar in churchward ns a c unts , payd at st r e o vn t ll o ii ii f i e e . i d . or wyn f rth y s nt J hn day j s j , and sing ng ” e ‘ e 1 br d (altar br ads) ix d . T h e im age s had be e n duly take n down paid for ’ o e of th e Im a of S e n e o iii d th e e t . taking d wn g y g rg j , and in " following ye ar for t a kyn g down e of th e hors e of th e Image O f se nt e o of i n m r vii o t h e o y g rg and j st a dynges o j d . (p ssibly drag n on e of t h e an n 1 vii clot h s o e was st dy ge s) . In 5 49 j y that c v red m e e e f e o . o or v . o e G e I ag s w r s ld j s D ubtl ss with St . rg St A rmyll had also gon e tog ethe r with th e image s of th e Virgin of . e th e t im e of . e e e and St Andr w . In Mary St Andr w was r plac d (possibly th e original im ag e m ay have be e n r e cove re d) as w e ” e 1 8 of h f n i iii 1 t e e nt n o s t o i . r ad in 5 5 p y y andr w j s . j d In 549 t h e Roo e o o t obe e o e t o e in d is tak n d wn , nly r st r d again its plac - th e m e e e om t h e e e for sa y ar , as app ars fr ntry in that y ar taking downe of th e Rod e and t h e page n t e s yn th e Rodeloft and settyng ” 2 u t h e Ro e n th e e of th e e o hi e p d a ge x d . This was y ar D v ns r n rising o which t h e Churchward e ns e vide ntly place d the ir hope s . Th risin w e o o e e th e e e e g , as kn w , pr v d unsu cc ssful , but g n ral e xpe ctation was that th e pre s e nt state of things would n ot o o No on e o sa h ow o the o m e l ng c ntinu e . c uld y l ng c nsu ptiv bo - i o e or h ow Soo h e o be o o e y k ng w uld liv , n w uld f ll w d by Mary , t h e e o e a e e of th e o e th e old om e d v t d dh r nt P p , and ways c back 3 . o th e oo n ow e o e to e e e again Pr bably R d , r st r d its plac , r main d , e e i Th e Roo —o of s no e e o of emo . as th r furth r r c rd its r val d l ft , o e f 1 6 0 f r e off t h e e c . o c urs , still surviv d , , 5 wass n (washing)

Row deloft m e nd e n ij holle s (hol e s) yn t h e church j d .

“ T he Cross yn the Town e

th e e of e e o In during r ign H nry VII I , as app ars fr m a e e of e e for t h e G e e R e e oo th e s ri s ntri s that y e ar in n ral c ipt B k , ” Churchward e ns und ertook th e m a kyn cross yn t h e town e .

' e e n o e or t o e e th e o oo Th r is r cord tradition as wh r cr ss st d , it m e e e th e e e t oth e e of th e ight hav b n in Op n Spac w st churchyard ,

1 ’ There are no p ayme nt S for wine during Mary s re ign . Unde r E f e e e omme e e w m mo o i ( 1 . lizab th th y r c nc , b ginning ith a s all a unt j in 1 6 2 a d for i e of 1 6 for e e b tt ell of e x i d . n 5 , in 5 3 a n w o tyn j , j hundr d h ou sel e n e x i h e e s a re as e o e t oC r s m br d j d . T paym nt a rul c nfin d h i t as an d E e ow th e old om of omm o th e ast r , sh ing that cust c unicating nly at e e gr at f stivals still he ld it s ground . 2 “ Th e p agent es would b e th e Mary and John which stood on e e de of th R ith r si e ood . 3 Ed d VI e on 1 h is e e e and th e war di d July 3, 553, in sixt nth y ar in se e e f i v nth y ar o h s re ign . CO UNT EB O O KEAND CO NTEMPO RARY EVENTS 55 in which cas e it would not have be e n far from th e bull ryng it is . f Cou n t e di ficult t ose e whe re e ls e s pace could have b e e n found . A oo e e 1 for s on d n o e th e o e ow e B k ntry in 5 45 re c . a t y g ap n cr ss d n n th e e iii oo e e e th e o e y str tt j d . su gge sts that it st d n ar wh r p n

e o o h T h e m e o not e e . spac narr ws int t e s tre e t . at rial als is Sp cifi d Th e f i dra n of e or n iii vi . charg ca ryng of st o ys j s . j d and y g th e m e s on i e em t o o sa t ys othe r ston ys x vi j ( 1 . s s Sh w that e e T h e tw om o granit rath r than local ston e was e mploye d . as ns ’ e e o o 1 e so m e w r at w rk up n it 5 days j urn y , that it ust hav e e of om e e o e b n s siz and imp rtanc .

e me of th e e me th e o e e What b ca rich v st nts , c stly v ss ls , and all t h e accumulations of th e church goods doe s n ot appe ar . Strictly e e o e e e t oth e omm o e sp aking th y sh uld have be e n surr nd r d c issi n rs , and n o doubt B ishop Coverdale might b e trust e d t o se e that h ‘ t e r egulations we r e fully carrie d ou t throughout h is d ioc e se . o th e e of em e e e o e e e t o b e re Pr bably b st th w r hand d v r , n v r o e Y e h e c v re d . t t e abs e nce of any consid erabl e fr e sh purchas s t h e m e — a o th e u e e o x o in ti Of Mary m ng ch rch v ss ls nly a py , h ly 1 water boc kyt e s and a l a ntra ne a re shown in th e Cou nt e B ooke may indicate that e nough remain e d of th e old stor e s t oprovide f 1 1 e e e or t h e e t o th e old . what was n d d r turn ritual In 5 5 , and 1 e of o o e e no o e e e e again in 5 5 3 , sal s vari us church pr p rti s l ng r n d d a re o i d h e i . t th e Cou nt e oo e th e e c o e . v sh wn in B k , l nt l th v s j , e iii d . e e e o e iii R e e ii s . s . o o gr at s pulcr cl th j , a wd cl th j j , brass , ‘ ” ii li ii v a re an . old r iii . i j j s vij d . y e (iron) j j and a y p iii . Th e v r n o n o o e a e a . e j d ( y p , says Mr P ac ck , was d ubt us d for th e E e fi m e e s - i e e Of ast r re ) . Tho as Arund l purchas j p c s felvott vii n f l v 5 . s . a h l m r of e ott i vij j d . d t e sco e ast e pe ce s j e e i I h r is a paym e nt also for drawing down e of t h e a u t e rs j 5 . iii d . h i iii d . t e S toa n n e s of t h e a w t ers e for ii . j , and s ll j s j , a e su m for o e e a s m a e e e th e C e e e e larg st n s unl ss , y hav b n as , th y w r of m arbl e . " Ther e w a s now a pulpit in t h e nave and s e rmon s w ere coming o e e T h int g n ral u se . e book of Homili e s p u t forth in 1 5 4 7 and o e e t h e t obe e e e e th e I n c u m rd r d by King r ad in v ry church , wh n be nt did n ot f e el capabl e of pre aching a w e e kly s e rmon hims e lf is not r e fe rre d to until it is m e ntion e d in t h e st oc kw a rde n s o 1 6 2 e for h omil e B oo for t h e vii . acc unts in 4 , Paid a k church j s o th R ev o r n t h e P ssibly e . J hn G e e du s fe lt e qual t o pre aching e mo o t h h h il Sunday s r n with ut e assistanc e of t e om e Book .

1 e o e Ro e o e n aw t er o e some R a cch t e s A l nt cl th , a d . cl th , a cl th , and y oc e s se r le s s are a mo t h e re - se in 1 (r h t ) and p y ng purcha s 5 5 3. 5 6 T HE STO RY O F STR ATTO N CHURCH

T h e Reign of M ary

’ ' Mary s acc ession In 1 5 6 3 was th e signal forth e r eturn of t h e of th e re —R e o m o er c o e e Mass and p f r ati n S vi es. It is m r than lik ly that in Stratton t h e parish ion ers on t h e whol e w elcom e d th e Set ; t o th e old 1 T h e e e of h v e h back ways . gr at r part t e ss els and t e ve stm e nts ne ce ssary for t h e re sumption of t h e old ritual were ' e a e th e cofer I n th e In 1 e e i appar ntly avail bl In s church . 5 5 3 th r s e om W ll Ro G s of th e e e off cl h a purchas fr y y dd and N . y t p s oyt off o w h asse e II e h an des xv T h e oo g ld that l ft y th ir j d . f ll wing ye ar a prosessyn all and a whol e manu e ll a re obtained from Ex sa t e r o vi a o x o f r i ii s. o v c 3 . . , c sting j ls a py is b ught j j d a b i ‘ d . ck v vi i e e bo t e s . . anar staf j , and a hally wat r y j j d e e a re o r e e s 1 6 o Ro e ou for Th r als fu th r purchas in 5 5 , fr m g r y t h e ot e t o o e h e Ro i vii n d for th e o cl h c v r t d e j 5 . j d . a h ly ’ e bok t e on h e h x i t t e e o e x d . i o wat r y c rch p rch , and j days w rk is don e to th e m a kyn ge uppe th e high a iit er wage s m e te dr n ke x vi O e u I ch in e y j d . th r p ase s follow pr sumably ' b efore t h e acce ssion of Elizabe th had p u t a stop t oth e re turn t o 2 “ t h e old i w er l x rd d of a t t ow e s d . e es ritual , j y vij y o e h o th e erde h land (Dutch lin n) t o make t e l e nt cl the at x d . y s d h h . t e n o ii iii d e . e t n f e o s . . t vij j , p y s nt andr w j j , m a k n of h llm o d e rde s di of t e a e v . e e y g p cr ss j , thr y 3 dow l s for n aw t e r o vii 5 h e e rde i oli e . 0 3 . y a cl th j d t y j v d , — oe e r n ll x x vi i erdes -of s e e d . a h l wat r p y g (Sprinkl r) j , j y _

‘ dowl e s om e iii n l mak n e y t ak j yew serp e sys xix s . x and y g ” “ of e e R a cch t es 1 We o e th e m e ffor ’ thr y v d . In 5 5 7 n t pay nt a “ e e ii iii f of em e ffor s ns j s . j or a loke a k e ye a pe re g s h o ffor e m e ffor t e e t h e m e s n x i d . b x that Sacra nt y y j , and t b r h Th e stockw arde n t e boxe t o pou tt e t h e Sacram ent yn vij d . ( ” h m f h o d oe s n ot s e e m toknow of t h e pyex as t e na e or t e b xe . Probably his sympathie s lay With th e r e formers and h e purpos e ly o t h e u se f t h e old me w e o e th e e e av ids o na ) . Again n t abs nc om th e of e of t h e e e of fr list purchas s usual church v ss ls , and m e for o e at rials c p s and chasuble s .

1 Th e o G ere ndus t h e fir of o wh o not Vicar , J hn , st Vicar Stratt n did

‘ ow e h is o me t oth e e on o w as e e e in 1 2 app int nt Launc st pri ry , pr s nt d 5 4

W m M lle o of e o se e t h e e on th e c s . by illia y , May r Launc st n ( chapt r Vi ar ) His e so W m e e e P a n d on succ s r , illia Martyn , pr s nt d by hilip Mary ’ G erendu s e o e e th e e E e c e as h e r signati n , acc pt d lat r lizab than hang s , continue d t ohold th e living u p t o 1 5 8 1 . 2 1 B u t th e e e th e Cou nt e B oo e Mary die d on Nove mber 7 . ntri s in k ’ fre que n tly refer toth e pre vious ye ar s expe nditure . 3 Dow lys w as a coarse l ine n mat erial . P robably hinge s .

8 T HE STO RY O F STR ATTO N CHURCH 5 . v s . vii x h o o e . t e o e e j j a c rp ras cas vij s j d . ( c f r , ch st , and o o We no o om e e c rp ras cas e re d ubt hands ly carv d) . - l th e I 0 omm o c u e for ii i s . In 5 7 a c uni n p is purchas d j xix , v . purchas e b eing compl e t e d in I 5 76 by th e paym e nt of x vij s . j d for h h T h e c u o e t e cove r of t e communion c u p . p and c v r which e h h c 1 s rves t e purpos e of a pat e n are still in u se in t e chur h . ‘ for Th m v . e sa e ye ar ge orge t h e pe nt er re ceive s v S . j d dra n f h omm m I th e e of iii y g o t e x c and e nts . In 5 73 purchas j ’ ’ rd e of h l n h V ii o e th e e s ow a d . e e S v . y e at xx d t y rd j . j d pr vid s e h m 1 d ce nt cloth pre scrib e d for t e Com un ion Table . T h e Church of England w as n ow s e ttling down intothe middle h r cours e be twe e n tw oe xtre m e s which h er formulari e s claim for e . m b e o e m E e e e e t h e It ust b rn in ind that lizab th h rs lf , as w ll as o e w h o e u h e r m a e e e a s w idel bish ps and divin s dr w p for ul ri s , w r , _ y s e parat e d from t h e school of t h e advance d r e form e rs as the y we re om t h e e m e c o e fr papists , and that what th y ai d at and a c mplish d , n ot o e o o e th e e t o e e a e was t r v luti niz Church , still l ss cr at n w u t o e o m e m o th e e o Ch rch , but r f r it , by r ving sup rstiti ns which e e o e o th e e t o had gath r d ab ut it in its passag thr ugh dark ag s , and bring it back t o w hat it w a s in t h e days of th e anci e nt Fathe rs Qu e e n Elizab e th d e clar e d In h er l e tte r t o t h e prince s of Europe E n ew that the re w a s n o n ew faith propagat e d in ngland ; n o. re o se t u omm e ou r o ligi n p but that which was c and d by Savi ur , e t h e m e o e t h e e practis d by pri itiv Church , and appr v d by fath rs of th e be st antiquity

1 T h e m s on th e e I are o e of o o e mo s ark chalic , IO NS , th s J hn J n s , a fa u E e t c e e e xeter goldsmith . T h cove r a nd probably h e u p w r obtain d Y e I be e m e m e e d o o om of o . t thr ugh J hn , archant Stratt n will r b r l P that th e old ch a ys had b e e n sold this same ye ar for x x xvij s . robably it bore crosse s and other e mble ms which were thought t obe papistical . CHAPTER I X

’ T H E S T O CK WA R D EN S ACC O UN TS

T h e S toekwa rden s a nd the Chu rch

T H E stockw a rde n si a ccO u nt s om me e 1 w th e e i _ l c nc in 5 77 ith r gn of Elizab e th and continu e down t o th e pr e s e nt tim e ; during t h e e of e s I a nd t h e ommo e e a re m r ign Charl C nw alth th y issing , so that the r e is nore cord of t h e battle of Stam ford Hill or of t h e stirring e ve nts of t h e civil war which l e d t o t h e int erlud e of th e

R e volutionary administration und e r Cromw e ll as Lord Prot e ctor . T h e e ntries conne cte d with cu rre nt e ve nts b e long mostly t o th e e of E e m of O e e m e of r igns lizab th , Willia rang in lat r ti s “and e e m e th e e es of t h e R e o m Qu e e n Ann e . Th y thus brac lat r phas f r a tion and th e final se ttl em e nt of t h e Church of England with t h e e of t h e e o e B oo of E t h e e e o of r turn s c nd Pray r k dward VI , x cuti n e e of o t h e m t h e w a r t h e Mary Qu n Sc ts , Ar ada and with Spain , e of onco o m 1 th e e o o e on ris N nf r ity , war with Franc which f ll w d t h e om of t h e P e of O e th e o e of r c ing rinc rang , and vict ri s Ma l o o th e ‘ e e T h e 1 6 —1 o oo b r ugh in N th rlands . 77 7 77 Acc unt b k clos e s with t h e e pitaph of John Av e ry n e ve r t o be blotte d ou t ” 2 of B oo e . this k " In an e ntry m ad e in th e ye ar 1 5 9 3 it is d e clare d that th e u se of t h e s e id e stock e hath for thre e scor e ye a re s be e n e us e d by on e of th e e m e n sw orn e on e o e of t h e o e e u e r ight , th r parish Ch s n y ‘ e are w h t h e seitl e e m an t o e e e roffi t s y ight , r c iv all p and it is tic s e o e o h er m a e e for b u e n e of mo settin e b st w d ab ut s rvic , y g ar r , g th o of o e w o e o for bu e n e of f rth s uldi rs p wd r Sh tt , And y g c we apon for poore m e n w h b e n ot abl e t ofurnish the ms e lve s And ‘ likw ise for t h e re lie vin ge m ain et e ynin g of t h e poor e w hin t h e e e e e m o e e e for e e a to s id parish wh r st n d is th ir sust nt n , that is sa for m e e e 8: clothin e ofor o e t h in e s y at drink g , als all th r g that S h albe ne f l - e de u l n e c e ssary for th e d e fe nce of ou r sa yde parish . It is further d e clar e d that on e hundr e d poor e p e opl e mor e and

1 ’ Th e rise of Nonconformity may be date d from Charle s I I s e a on of n d e e d s e s t h e Non D clar ti I ulg nc , i p n ing with laws against conformity . T h e re al purpose of t h e I ndulge nce w as for th e prot e ction of t h e papists. S e e C XI f t . or h e e on t h e e th e c hap pitaph Tabl t in chur h , which , o e e h a s m n o d f e e n e s h w v r , i r i f r c . 6 0 T HE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH r u pw arde a re relie u ve d Ou t of th e stock w °h a re n ot able t oline of t h e m selfe s but have relie fe dayly one t h inge or othe r of th e e e -I n e om th e o s id parish . t will b e notice d that e xpe ditur fr st ck

“ on t h e e of t h e not e e t h e r pairs church _is appar ntly includ d in hi n a o e . h t es em e e b e o e e d b . t e ab v stat nt , unl ss it c v r y all g th t ” shall be n e e defu l ne ce ssary for the d e fe nce of th e parish . A s a m atte r of fact th e contributions mad e by th e stockw ardens ‘ towards th e church e xpe ns e s are fre qu e nt and of conside rable amount,but th e qu e stion h ow th e y aros e is complicate d by t h e fact that t h e st oc kw ard e ns appe ar t o act as tre asur ers of t h e o o t o e n th e o o of th e church funds , pr bably wing th ir havi g c ntr l cofe r in th e towe r i n which t h e j oint mon e ys were ke pt und e r lock and key T h e e ntrie s of m on eys r e c e ive d from t h e ch u i ch ward e ns occur from time t o tim e : 1 5 5 7 R em ay e t h e t o th e ” e e v r c of e o e ch u rch e e _ . 1 e . e chirch cl r li x s . v d . 5 74 Walt r y y o t o bu h arn s 3 1 80 re c of W flm e o ward n by ( y) y xx . 5 y h dd n o h T h e e o o e C e XXV 1 s . . O s J hn Ju ll hurchward ns _ _] x d s xt n als ’ pa y i n th eir r e ce ipts which a re e nter e d in th e stockw arden s o in 1 i vii n 1 5 . i 1 8 . acc unt , 5 5 7 j j d . , 5 5 5 d O n t h e oth e r hand t h e paym e nts by t h e Stockw arde ns towards t h e purpos e s of t h e church a re continuous in small sums a nd 1 e i 1 6 8 t ot h e o a e t o e o i of t h e gr at , n 5 high _cr ss w rd ns y p ynt ng o e XII-x S 1 6 for th e o t h e e nt se S . t wr , and t wards p y x 5 9 e e b en d n of t h e e 1 0 e e e t o o o n w y g b bl e x s . 5 7 d liv r d J hn C ry on e of_t h e ch u rch ew a rde n s wh e n th e comunion c u p Was bou ght iii ’ 1 8 f r h b ell x x x S v . j li . 5 7 t oJohn Y e oIn erch a u nt o t e by j j d o Y e o t h e o m e e t o rou e o B l e (J hn , l cal rchant , was abl p d b th ib s and sw orde s and dagg e rs had also b e e n t h e interm e diary for

' t h e p u rch a se of t h e cove r of t h e communion c u p in 1 5 76 a nd probably of th e c u p a few ye ars be for e ) 1 5 80 for t h e book e of

' ommon f r h - ii 1 82 for m e h i . c praye r o t e c u rch e iij s . j d 5 nding ”

of t h t e l n x . I 8 for t w o e e of e s e w dos ii iii . p y j s . j d 5 9 p ar S oe for t h B ii e n w w o e e e e e dm en iii . e e e o t h s s . d (th r w r b d sm n l j j attache d t o t h e church which with th e s e xtons an d th e Clarke appe ars t o have be e n fairly we ll found in subordinat e officials) 1 5 9 1 t o th e Gla zor for Gl a ssyn ge of - th e church w in dow e s fior

‘

1 ' A note t o th e account in 1 776 S h O WS that at that time there w as

' an arrange me nt by which certain of t h e re nts were appropriated t ot h e h e for B . T e church and p a id dire ctly t o t h e Churchwarde ns N . r nt ’ ' Ex f d e H a . e an d o B t h e R e for . part ayly s , High nt St An r w s y , St ’ ’ ’ Andrew s Park a nd B ayly s Cu diver s h as be e n colle cte d dispe rsed t h In 1 6 2 th e e n by e churchwarde ns a s appe ars by the ir B ook . 7 r t for Ex {8 5 0 IS paid by t h e St ockw arde n s t o Nicholas B ray Church ’ e 1 8 P o e t o e C de ns t w o e R e ward n , and in 76 aid v r y hurchwar y ars nt ’ ’ of mo O I 1 0 1 0 B S t w o e Sy n rchards 6 and Disburse d Mr. ray y ars R o o e nt t w o ye poor which is e n t red on ye Stock Wardens B ook 4 . 2 “ ’ ’ T h e e nt se ou b e th e - o e om e n t oe o e p y w ld e p nt h us (fr p , ncl s , Shut u p) whi ch gives e ntrance from th e tower stairs on t oth e l eads ’ T HEST O CKWA R DENS ACCO UNTS 6 1

” on e i 1 o e f r m e ndin e of t h e e v s . vi t e o y ar j j d . 5 9 5 . h rcul s _ g church whe n th e le d we re n e we caste xij for th e m a kin ge of ‘ A loke ke ye s nayl e s for th e coffe r in t h e towe r x iiij d (this ’ was t h e stoc kw a rden s strong box in which the y banke d th e ir mon e a n d e t m e o e r cf 1 20 y any valuabl s tha ca int th i hands , 7 the n place d in ye Tow er a Silve r watch a Gold ring belonging t o Ann B e are in part of fi ve pounds l e nt h er 1 5 9 8 t o th e C - hurchward e ns to bi a reie st er B ooke othe r th in ge xlvj s . “ '

6 . 1 0 for omm e vii iii . 4 a C union booke for th parish j s . j d 1 6 2 for h omil h vii 1 6 8 for th e 4 a e B ook for t e Church j S . 4 B ooke of Martirs 0 3 0 0 oo took e ou t of t h e Towe r t o pay

“ for ye bin deing of th e thre e B ooke s of Martyrs 2 2 6 1 6 85 h h n c ell . oo o e o e for o o e t e C a Pd Mr . Br kh us and th rs w rk d nn in which was the n fe tch ou t of t h e Towe r by the e ight m en 1 0 1 0 _ e th e e of t h e o e e e e e 7 3 in r pairing pinnacl s t w r , in all , s v nt n ” pounds 1 T h e e 1 2 f f e f e R oo of e d . r e or o ntry 7 9 p o wag s _r pair y f y Church 1 7 4 9 is int e resting as be aring on th e qu e stion e e h e e h O n t h e wh th r t xisting int e rior roofs a re t e original on e s . whole t h e e vid e nc e s e e m s t o b e in favour of t h e original roofs ’ e th e st ockw a rde ns o having surviv d , particularly as acc unts fail t oShow any substantial sum s for their re construction : It doe s n ot appe ar wh e th er th e s e v e nt e e n pounds n ow e xp e nd e d for wag e s in t h e r e pair of t h e R oof r e fe rs t o inte rior or e xte rior e th e m e oo a re e e th e su m e e e o r pairs , if ti b r r fs int nd d , xp nd d Sh ws that whil e consid e rable r epairs must have b e e n e ffe cte d in th e oo a e o n o e e re o o wa s e e r fs t this p ri d , g n ral c nstructi n th n und r

. 1 t h e o e hand In 5 9 5 church l e ad had b e e n n e we caste . M r

“ ove r t h e roof tim be rs do n ot Show Signs of any e xt e nsive r e pairs e e e f e e o t h e e e e to e of having b n f ct d , and pr bably ntry r f rs r pairs th e e oo slat r fs . From 1 5 5 8 t o 1 59 8 consid e rabl e sum s we r e e xp e nd e d at o m e on th e e o o of t h e e of e vari us ti s r n vati n b lls , which it app ars ” that t h e towe r poss e ss e d fi ve (se e t h e e ntry in 1 5 5 8 payd ffor 5 e Ro T h - n 8 h e b ll pp x s . e gre tt b e ll e was re cast i 1 5 5 and t e B e l in 1 5 9 8 in t h e int erval t h e othe r b e lls we r e tak e n [ litl 1 t h e e e m e e in hand , and in 5 9 3 gr at b ll is nd d by casting e ot h e e e of h e e T h e o w as e Tynn int h ad t b ll xx ( 1 . w rk in all cas s carri e d throu gh in th e churchyard t h e quantiti e s of m e tal us e d 2 o th e e e e re u p n gr at and littl b lls a give n in full d e tail .

1 Th e e m a e f e e f om th e e m e no as th e pinnacl s y hav su f r d r t p st , k wn Gre at Storm which ravage d th e coast of Engl a nd this ye ar from o e m e 26 A n na ls to e e m e 1 and e o mo m e . N v b r D c b r did n r us da ag , iii

1 8 1 . 2 Th e e are of on e e n e e for t h e e e e c x x . d tails c sid rabl i t r st , gr tt b ll li drh of e m e t e ll t o t w o h on de re de off t h e me m e t e ll e (g) b ll , ( ) sa aft r iii th e n ii ff r ou ii ss iii ii . d . x iii n off a e S . v d o v S . v o j p d j li . j j , j p w d br j j , 6 2 THESTO R Y O EST RATTO N CHURCH

T h e e e e e e o t o e e e 1 lat r ntri s bring us n ar r d wn pr s nt tim s , 79 9 for on e e m e fi ve m B oo on e Paid T sta nt , Psal ks Church ’ Prim e r for th e u se of Th os Parsons s Scholars 6 s 1 832 Paid John H e ddon for Schooling 1 5 B oys £ 1 0 Paid Susan o for oo 1 0 Pars ns Sch ling Girls £6 1 8o7 _ Paid th e R e ve re nd John Woolacomb e for Vince nt keeping Sunday School for oo 1 1 80 0 2 h for c 1 t . e B ks £5 ; , Mar h Paid Mr Dani l King o e e -on e oo e o 1 1 28 h In culat d Nin ty P r p ple 7 6 O ct . t Paid '

Mr . Tuck for Inoculating 23 Poor p e ople 2 1 7 6 \ 1 80 9 Paid o - J hn Hone y as per his bill for building of th e . S eat in Church

‘ 6 ' 0 o.

‘ The S tockwardens and the Relief of the Poor

Th e sums give n in r eli e f of t h e poor in th e_ first ye ars of the ou are m bu t e e e e om e e acc nt s all , in subs quent y ars th y b c larg r , indicating that t he tim e s w e re growi ng bad and that pove rty w as 1 6 0 r b h m incre asing . In 5 de st y yt e d t o t e powre yn ony ' ‘ e . h e v 1 i . 1 fi m t br d e j S . 5 9 3 j s 5 9 9 or Cloth e t obestow e a ong r x li v i m i . 1 6 8 h ll e poo w e j s . j d 4 Gave t e poor e at se vera ti s ’ i n th e late hard winter towards th e ir R e liefe 1 5 o 9 3th of ffebru ar 1 6 en oo e ou t of th e o e m mo e y , 9 7 Th t k t w r in s all n y t h e 1 0 6 h . . . We e t e o 28 o e li 5 s d . which igh d by unce unc s in 5 s ou e - at a m e e t o t h e oo e n e e e nc , And th t ti gav p r i th s bad tim s 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 h e k r n e e s 3 0 . In 7 t st oc w a de s are again in a g n rou

' m x f n oo d . e or e e e e t h e e en w a s crow d t o d , p th n b r wh n Qu ” e h e e 0 2 1 oo d for o o e of th e r H a . r drink _ lth 4 , p f ur b ttl s b andy m e m e 0 0 0 6 0 8 d th e e t h e m e m e 0 0 1 2 sa ti , p . ring rs sa ti ( and at Christmas t h e sam e ye ar Th e n tooke ou t money t opay

‘ t h e Charge s to t h e A l e wive s whe n t h e day of rejoyceing t o

“ t l h e Carege off xx lode off cleye ffor th e make off th e h ow l (hole) . yn th e grow nd t o s ette th e posses for t h e b ellfounder ys howse xiiij d fl or a se me of w oodde t ome llt e t h e me t ell vj th e total cost coming t 1 F r th e e B el ff r n re d en ie ii ii of o£ 3 1 6 3 . 4d . o litl o one h o d tw t and j met t ell xl ffor ii of e e t th e e me t ell v s. s. o t j , xv p wt r cast with said j iii f t I t e f th e d . o o h e e n 6 1 h e o o rs . 1 j , t tal c st r casting £5 9 clapp r e e e om e m f m t h e e e o e d . or littl b ll f ll , d ing s Slight da ag , p aking litl b ll Wh e l 8 P f h e S d . t o e e a smore or me of t e C , p h rcul s nding hurch which ’ w as o e e th e e 0 0 0 2 0 h e e o e S o e br k n wh n e p ndl fe ll 6 . T b ll f und r h ws would be th e she d covering th e operations and e nclosing th e pit . Tradition still points ou t a de pre ssion on th e north Side of th e church

‘ a s th e f h e s e in 1 vnt o yard place o t e pit . A pr viou ntry 5 5 7 payd Robat B onde t o J on S ch u rt h egh t crose w ardyns t o paye ffor th e ” me n d n h e h r e th e e y g off t t u d be lle ys Clap er v S . sugg sts that frat rnity

f ‘ f e e o th e High Cross had unde rtake n th e care o t h e B ells . A furth r ntry in 1 56 8 shows that they had alsomade the mse lves responsible for th e f t repair o h e towe r . 1 I l l s in e n 1 6 1 85 . w a s for se atin e th e S ch oeh ou se G a s 77 £3 paid g , g ” th i ow e f r e w n d s o o a nd e for th e D oore s . , and L cks K ys ’ T HESTO CKWA RD ENS ACCO UNTS 6 3

e th e ne 0 0 0 6 e e a re o e e drink e qu e s he alth 3 3 . Th r als fr qu nt paym e nts to Sick and in fi rm folk 1 5 6 1 del e u erye d t oM arget t p ' Cre u e n h e r sec ke n s e e e i s o t h e sz en p y y n c ssit j , payd unt g eo o h r iii 1 for tw o Cove rle d (surg n) that C ute e j d . 59 3 paid

on fo I i s vii d . e r t h ol B li h f h e e e . e d e d me t e othe r ort e gr at Amy j j , for iiij ye ard of Ch re se t o make a shrowd for th e gre at e Amye ‘ ‘ 1 1 h e e for. t . V 1 1 1 0 u s nion o ] s ] d . 59 paid J ty Jule B nsall Clark e iii B o l for t h e m e of S ickn e s ii s d . m at in ti his j j , paid nsal ' w ash in of h o t o e h im of t e e o d . g Clark Cl thing x , paid B nsall cur ” h is f e x s 1 for iii e a rde e of l n cloth e gri f j . 5 9 3 j y half y ” 1 6 e m li ii i . 1 thr d t o ake a shrowe d for Jaspe r B e d m e i j s . j d ; 94 to Collom e t o grace Chinge t o goe toth e wat e r By Lowe r St . e e e for h er e 0 0 1 0 0 0 for o e for h er t o e e e s k h lp L gg , a h rs rid th r “ 0 0 0 6 gave t h e sam e tim e t o Andre w H e ddon towards th e goe ing t ot h e we ll t os e e k h e lp for his Le gg 0 0 0 5 T h e stockw a rdens are also most ge n erous contributors t o all of e for e e e t oo e e b e kinds d mands charitabl r li f utsid rs , y ar y y ar the r e a re e ntri e s of paym e nts t opoore m e n that gathe re d for th e o e h 3 1 6 vnto t h e m e e e lazar h us s in t e tw o counti e s . 5 5 la h th n ” w ar e ow i h e o e f o e e t o e att p st e x j d . (t e p pl o Warbst w s m hav be e n of littl e account in the se tim e s) 1 5 79 t oiij pore maryn ers “ ” x i that cam e from Cattya x ij t o an O xford S koll er j d . 1 5 85 t o on e that gath e re d for m e rchants that lye in prison at o o h i 1 8 l nd n in t e marshalls (th e Ma rch alsea prison) ii j d . 5 9 ” vn to o e arde n re 1 6 oone R e o v p r p a s xx d . 59 t ichard pr ss n of Cison n e r e brestow (B ridge st ow e ) which had his hows e burnt ” ” fi e r m 1 6 1 o with that c a from t h e e l e m e nt iiij d . 3 paid t ward t h e bu ielding of a Ch u rch e Colle dg e in th e Cou n trye of o e oo 0 0 0 B h mia 5 . Many a re th e e ntri e s t ooof contributions in aid of shipwre cke d m e om e of om o e o th e e arin rs , s wh had l st th ir ships thr ugh pirat s w h oat this tim e infe st e d th e English s e as for th e r e lie f of prison e rs e th e e e for th e tak n in war with Spain , and lat r with Franc and ” 4 o 86 f r t h o e o e . 1 t o o s o e Irish s ldi rs 5 dd , th mas pri t c ll cti n o th e e ii 1 6 d t ward m rchant that had lost nin e Ships j s . 5 4 p for ft to e m e om e o of fra u n ce v S vii . e . a gy . h lp uss ll h ut j j d 1 8 to i o e sold r of v 1 8 vnt o on e 5 3 j p r you s Ire land j d . 5 7

1 I 0 n 1 6 3 t h e young P e t e rne ll be dlime finds h is way intoth e Stocke s. 2 e e no o o We at o m m Th r was d ubt a H ly ll St . C lu b which still ain t aine d i ts reputation . 3 I n 1 6 1 o e o e m e t o W m 3 Stratt n its lf c ntribut d an in at , paid illia T rele u ion for to o o t o th e o e e e bring M rt n lazar h ws at St . lawr nc 0 2 0 1 0 0 . 4 ’ William s re ign w as marke d -by th e re newal of th e confi scation s o e of C om e o of th e P o e s in e a nd and Ir n rul r w ll In supp rt r t tants Ir land , against th e bulk of th e Irish pe ople w h o we re de vote d t o th e fa lle n

Stuarts . Thousands of English soldie rs p erishe d from ne gle c t and d e ase in e e nn 8—1 d S e A s . 1 1 al . is Ir lan . , iii pp 9 . 64 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH

1 88 t o fi ve me m of e a s ort e to 5 Irish n that had y L . bath s p p pass e hom e be ing robb e d by English pirat es viij d 1 5 9 0 t o

h -En li h p e t e ransom e of g s e m e n take n prison ers in S payn e i ay j s . 1 594 t oon e Thomas Graye that had e seru e d th e kinge of ffran c e fowe r ye are s in his Wa rre s had e a pasboate t ot ra u ail e ’ t o e e e e h e o e iii 1 for o e P nzanc wh r was b rn j d . 5 9 5 a h ws in D e von by h on et on for m e n that we re spoyl ed with gunpowd e r ‘ ‘ 6 1 0 t o P a w re m a n Ii d 5 9 a that was cast aland toHull j d . 1 8 e t o re e e m 5 9 _ gav th g e ntl e n that we are take n prison e r in B ritt ayn e i j 3 1 6 1 2 t o William Eve Ri chard R awling of T re w row b eing robbe d by Capt e n Pe t e rs 0 0 0 0 0 8 (Capten e e o a o o o e P t rs was pr bably n t ri us pirat ) .

T he Wow with S a n . p i Th e e ffe cts of th e war with Spain which followe d on th e ’ acce ssion of Elizabe th a re cle arly t ra oe a bl e in th e stockw a rdens o R . e e e acc unts Philip was gath ring his Armada , Drak and al igh ' ’ ’ e e e th e of e th e o e w as sen din int o w r sing ing King Spain s b ard , P p g E e m e th e e e t e m e E ngland his issari s , J suit pri sts , ound r in liza ’ ’ e o o e m m e m e b th s p siti n at h e . Philip s ar y was alr ady ass d in th e e e e o t h e e N th rlands und r Parma , n thing but g nius and daring of th e English s e am e n stood be twe e n Spain and th e proj e ct e d ’ o Th tockw a rd ns oo e h e m invasi n . e s e b ks re fl ct t alar s and e of t h e m Th e e o e a re e e disturbanc ti es . b ac n fir s t nd d and e m en are se t o th e o t t o e th e watch d , al ng c as warn parish that e o b e e h Ow ers w arnin e so oo th e th y sh uld r ady at an g , and s n as ” e e th e e e o e e o e mo n ws arriv d that Spaniards w r C m b f r Pli th , six m n f r R Greinvile t o e goin post t oLaunce ston o Sr . ichard rid e t o Plymouth . T h e m e t o o th e Spanish Ar ada pass d its acc unt , and still harbour at B ud e is wat ch e d wh e n the r we re bote s a proching n er ” th e o e u rse fant or o e e e e Sh r , a p r yal m ss ng r arriv s with a Com mission for sch arch en (s e arching) of all harbors and Ch re ekes for sh i in e th e are e e e on S om erl ese pp g , bands must r d and trayn d C rr h in e t o ‘ S om erl ea se for‘ Tilt e th e Paid e t o. a ye t g a against m v i d a e of o e e are a ccu m u e i . e ust r j , larg qu ntiti s p wd r and bull ts 1 8 i 3 iii d 1 8 e 1 xi s . 1 0 e 1 e . . . lat d (in 5 7 valu j j , 5 7 a bar ll v j , in 59 x c vii ii a e o e L e u et e nan t es Ca t en s a re j . h lf . S uldi rs and and p t o fro e e e e 1 88 e for p assing and and b ing nt rtain d , 5 paid 3 post hors e s that we nt t o Cam elford with Capt e n S w an ne for i r x for B e e e e t o th e re m e ate prov n de vj d . r and butt r wash ” iii 1 6 i t o B o m o n t o th e th er e l e gge s j d . 5 9 pa d d an acc rdi g i lie u e t en e nt es dere pcion (dire ction) for t h e Irland S ou lde rs l ij S . i e of o o e a re e ii d . e j , larg quantiti s bac n and th r victuals suppli d o h o e 1 1 1h 1 88 f r t e o n of er e . e pr visi h maj sti s navy ( 3% in 5 , paid

6 6 T HE STO RY O F STR ATTO N CHUR CH

Th e first intimation that it was in dange r is s e e n in an e ntry ‘ ’ in th e stockw arde n s accounts for 1 5 6 3 paid t o John Marr e s (stockWa rde n ) for ma kyn of aw n su r (answe r) for t h e Rodlofft i em e x j d . It s e s that nquirie s we re b eing pushe d and t h e ’ stockw a rde ns aw nsu r was n o doubt an e xplanation of t h e T h e e circumstance s . n xt ye ar com e paym e nts i n r e spe ct of o e e t o o e t o E h rs s l nt Mr Marris J hn Jud rid e to x e t e r xx ( 1 . and " x vii n d a lsoin t h e s m e e d : t o[ o o j a x a y ar , p J hn Marris J hn J ud for e x pe n ce whe n th ey wer e at h u ningt on (Honiton) with ’ m o e bissh 0 for th e roodeloft x vii vi i T h e o e y l rd p j s . j d . purp s ’ of th e stockw arden s j ourne y t o Ex e t e r is stat e d to be for th e oo o e e o e o t h e o r d l ft and th y had g n in t find bish p at Honiton . Th e am e e th e o Co th e e r fort s y ar acc unts ntain nt y , paid aking ” o e th e s l n e 1 e m e of h d un y y g (c iling) and a b a t e roodloft ix d . It se e ms as if t h e.Churchwarde ns had hope s that by sacrificing of th e Roo o e - m e th e e so e h ad a part dl ft th y ight sav r st , th y ’ e t h e s l n S0 e h o e s w ere oo e t o b gun with y y g but , if , th ir p d m d o m e for th e e e om e th e e t h e o disapp int nt , n xt y ar c s ntry in acc unts , 1 5 65 payd for e xpe ns e s whe n th e ch u rch ew arde ns th e hole e x cofi catt e omm i x ii T h e ar S h e s V . p y was y ( xc un cat d) j . j d o e n e o e t h e e bish p ha—d launch d his thu d rb lt and plac d parish und r inte rdict with th e re sult that th e church was clos e d and th e be lls o e e m e e m e h e e e e . t sil nc d His l rdship , it s s , was d t r in d that r gula ' tions should be carri e d ou t a nd that th e demolition of th e Rood i be e o t oth e e n d S o h e stockw a rde ns loft Should push d thr ugh . t a re drive nt om ake anothe r hasty j ourne y t o Exe t e r whe n som e “ h ow th e m e e t h e e e e ffor att r was arrang d , n xt ntry b ing payd ii h on R e o o n w r n h v i d . th e R e va ca c e t t e e e s . y ( v cati n) y y g s l j j , i S payd for wyne 85 goodch ere f for th e bu sch a ppe ys s e rvant e j . ’ ii T h e o e e o e o mo v j d . bish p s s rvant was d ubtl ss an acc m dating e o om e t o o o e e e p rs n and accust d push thr ugh di c san busin ss , wh n

re asonably e ncourage d to doso. i e t o th e o o e hi t h e No m o s , inti ati n giv n as , c nditi ns und r w ch o o e o e of om om e o e e e ; c r is , h w v r , r v cati n was grant d s m ( kind p m o e e e e f e e th e e of th e s e e s t hav b n f ct d , r sult which was that o e e e o o e e for o e fi ve e or so n o c mpl t d m liti n was d lay d an th r y ars , — furthe r ste ps of any cons e qu e nce b eing taken until 1 5 70 2 e e of o e f e e 1 6 t o o Me ar (a slight pi c w rk is f ct d in 5 5 , paid J hn y for t a k n o of th e Row d of m e e 1 5 0 y d wn l ft tt hy r vij In 7 . r for e e to th e e of th e oo iii o e c . an rn st sal r d laught j sh ws T h e e e o be that th e tim e of grace had n ow e xpir ed . ( rn st w uld o t h e e e for th e s e aling of t h e bargain . ) Acc rdingly n xt ntry li v f w llia m R e for th e Rodloft v . S . follows 1 5 72 re c . o y ad j vii 1 re c e u e d of om b a dcocke for th e e e d . j , and in 5 73 th as p c s - off th e Rodelofft vj s and paid t o ij m e n t o tak down th e

1 - S e e . O rrath r pan lling B , . ’ T HESTO C KWARDEN S ACCO UNTS 67

‘ 1 80 th e e e Rowd e loft me tt hye r x d . In 5 last r mnant is sw pt to e th e o e for tak n e d o e th e Roo e away , paid P ars j yn r y g wn d

‘ lofte placing th e seatt for iij daye s work d (dimidiu m e h o e . i iii e e o t e e e "e 3 . . m at hyr j j d H nc f rth , wh n parishi n rs e e e th e e e e no o e to be e e e th e . nt r d church , th y w r m r gr t d by m e o e th e e e e e e e e h a d e e o fa iliar gall ry ab v scr n , wh r th ir y s b n w nt o o t of he e e o t rest n h e sign t ir r d mpti n .

he Ways with France 1 6 88—1 1 T , 7 3

’ Th e stockw ardens accounts prov e that th e proclam ation of oo e on e 1 w as William and Mary which t k plac F bruary 3 , o e e th e e x e n c e e e e e duly bs rv d in parish , p wh n th ir Maj sti s ’ " e e rocl a m d 0 0 oo King William and Qu e e n e Mary w r p y 4 5 . o e a o O n England was at onc e inv lv d in war with L uis XIV . March 1 8 a fals e report re ache d Stratton that th e ffrench we re ' ’ e a nd o m e o E and e s e ciall land d , fr m this ti nward , ngland , p y

’ o e o e of o Th e th e e e . w st rn c ast , w nt in c nstant dang r invasi n Fre nch king Louis w a s waiting in Brittany on th e opposite shore with an army of twe nty thousand men and all his pre parations o ete o th e E e e e off t h e o e e c mpl , and nly nglish fl t ward d pr j ct d i io th e e o th e o nvas n . Again , as in pr vi us war with Spain , st ck ’ m h ward e ns accounts refle ct th e ge n e ral State of alar . Again t e ' Ma kein u th e o e e e e 1 6 88 d . e e o b ac ns w r t nd d , p p g p B ac n oo 1 0 2 for ffu rse for th e m e 0 0 0 1 0 0 th e a re 3 , sa , train bands e ou t e e e a n d th e o e of mm o re le n call d and x rcis d , st r a uniti n is p ish e d 1 6 88 e m V low o e oo 1 , Pd . B nj a in g 9 P wd r 9 Louis w a s aiming at th e subj ugation of th e Ne the rlands and m o e e to t h e om o of E o e Th e oe his a biti n d inati n ur p . wh l ( l ap d of his long re ign was employe d in e ncroachm e nts on his n e igh o e e e of t h e mo oe m e e n b urs , utt rly r gardl ss st s l n tr ati s , and tryi g t o attain his e nds by carrying on war in t h e most barbarous o a e m Spirit . B th Ch rl s and Jam e s m e anly sub itte d t o b e com e oo o oo h im e e th e e his t ls , but William b ldly withst d and b cam h ad of e e o o e of lmo e e E o e e o e for a l agu c mp s d a st v ry ur p an stat , f rm d

1 W m de I n o e m e in th e e illia had lan d Torbay N v b r 5 pre c ding ye ar . Th e inte rval had be e n occupied with t h e ne ce ssary ne gotiations with th e P i Th e se e N n - e arl ame nt . v n o juring bishops r fused to take th e o t oth e ne w e e om m e toth e o e ath King and w r c itt d T w r . 2 A s h ad e e th e e o mo e o m of con happ n d in pr vi us war , a difi d f r o w as e of e u t i n o e b me n o be scripti n capabl b ing p f rc , y which c uld e e for e e e th e e me for e e m e pr ss d activ s rvic , arrang nts which w r ad by ‘ th e oc e t h e Gre nville s o e of 1 6 0 0 d Wo e to oe l al justic s at St w , p . lf g ” t o o e e Gre in vile e s e me i For th e d st w wh n Mr . pr t nn j d train ban s a m e o of th e w as e 1 6 to o e e t o ne th e ust r r ll parish k pt , 59 J hn Str k war o e o come t o offe ll t o m e e o e mr re nu e 11 T wn and Land t p ust r b f r . g iii d j . 6 8 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH th e avowe d purpos e of obliging him to re spe ct th e rights of his o o e e e m e e o . e e n ighb urs L uis , h w v r , had abl inist rs and g n rals , and for o e h e e mo of his e a l ng tim was succ ssful in st und rtakings . O th e o oo oo o th e o nly Scandinavian kingd ms st d al f fr m war , nly

. o Th e e th e o th e Turk stood by L uis . parall l with ambiti ns of a e mo e e o om e e L o Is late r contin ntal narch s ms alm st c pl t . But u e to e e e e e e e e v e e e liv d xp ri nc bitt r r v rs s , his na y was shatt r d arly th e i n t h e e o of o e 1 h is in war gr at naval vict ry La H gu , and h e of o o T h e e armie s through t genius Marlb r ugh . v ry nam e s of th e e o e e o e e e th e S o lat r c nflict , Li g , M ns , Ypr s , Lill , app ar in t ry ’

m e t h e e e e e . o of th e ti e . In Franc public mis ry was xtr m . L uis m e o e to h im th e o is o inist r wr t , c untry a vast h spital , and in t h e ye ar 1 6 9 7 Louis was compe lle d toh ow his proud he ad and

' t o su for e e on e e o e at R sw i k e . p ac , and May 9 p ac was c nclud d y C S o afte r t h e e ntry of 3 ffebru a ry gave t o th e poore in‘

e e . m e 0 0 0 0 0 o e e on e on 2 of. th s bad ti s 3 , c m s a furth r day

“ d e for B e e e o e D e ce mbe r 1 69 7 p . th n r br ad th r things whe n th e day of T h a nksgiu eing was for th e pe ace b etw e ene England n 0 1 0 6 and ffra ce 5 4 . o Th e e o o Th e e o e e . o int rval , h w v r , was but sh rt r c gniti n by L uis of th e pre t e nde d Prince of Wale s on th e d e ath of James I I ’ n o o in 1 70 1 brought o th e war again . Marlb r ugh s victorie s oi e e m R m e Mal la- e O u e e an d e o o Bl nh i , a illi s , p qu t , d nard , Ypr s , f ll w ‘ on e o e e o - 1 1 th e e e of an th r in quick succ ssi n , until in 7 3 p ac h o m c m o e e . e e Utre cht finally cl s s t war —N thing u h was att pt d in 1 7 1 3 to mark th e s e cond pe ace only Paid for be e r upon th e “ 0 1 1 0 0 R ejoycing for ye Pe ace .

1 I me e e m I e m ro e th e E s m If t th , will fight th , w t ngli h Ad iral ‘ o R e w h ow as e e of o e e e e o L rd uss ll , susp ct d Jac bit l anings , v n th ugh

King Jame s were on board . CHA PTER X

T HE VI CAR S O F S TRATTON AND THE CO UNT E B O O K E

T HE e of th e c o th e x o of th e nam s Vi ars , starting fr m Ta ati n 1 26 0 e e e e e om t h e e Re e living in , hav b n xtract d fr Cath dral gist r h Pre Hin ton —R o E o of t h e a E e e t e e b . es t x t r by lat g and lph , dit r b e E e e E o Re e . e e e x t r pisc pal gist rs A tabl t , d sign d y M ssrs S e ddin St all brass e e e th e o g y , r c ntly plac d in church at Stratt n ,

n Th e o o o . e has th e name s inscrib e d o it . f ll wing is a c py Parall l e m e a re o e th e mo e o e e with ach na als giv n r imp rtant v nts , if any , e t h e e e on th e o of t h e happ ning during vicariat , which b ar St ry

Church .

P i e-Norma n dates u nknown

Th e Co e o of th e B o o a o not e nv rsi n ritish and Sax n p pul ti n , lat r th e e e e than s v nth c ntury .

Th e first Saxon Church . Fou ndation of th e Sanctuary and th e Chantry attache d in e me t ot h e C arly ti s hurch . 1 0 6 6 T o h e o m . . N r an Invasi n 0 T h e ome B e 1 86 . oo om D sday k c pil d .

1 0 m C . a. 1 0 T h e o . N r an hurch 1 1 6 0 T h e e on t h e old oo th e o e . dat d rway in n rth aisl . T h e appropriation of th e advowson of th e living tot h e Priory of e e L e o a e o St . St ph ns at aunc st n , d t unkn wn . ’ 2 6 o e B i 1 1 . King J hn s writ d priving artholomew Ture t of h s land in R n 1 Stratton . e i state d 1 2 7 . l 1 2 . Ha e h P C e R de B lan ch minst er 54 g ark hart r , in which Sir alph is de e th o e f scrib d as e s n and h ir o Lucy Ture t . th 1 e e e e e f I . Th e m o th e m C 3 and 4th c nturi s nlarg nt Nor an hurch .

a te of nte m rar Ee n D Co o y v ts. p nstitu tion I . 6 h 1 2 0 . T e taxation of th e living 1 26 R de n 1 26 0 o n e e 3 . Sir alph B la ch J h de L sn wth ’ minste r s suit 1 2 0 o im e e o 7 . Appr x at dat f t h e B lanch minst er e ffigy P e o s t 1 2 e r vi u o 77 . D ath of Sir Ralph and of h is son Sir Re n a , gi ld 1 279 Andre w de Caynes uncerta in O HUR 0 T HE STO RY O F STR ATT N C CH 7 E H H w m N 0 S : m e L

” 2 oF "r 5

. _ o 0 H v m u m e 0 o m m m a m m m v v ve m a m H a u H H a

- n . c n m w e e e 8 E S e e 0 2 w u o w e ; 6 fl H 4 9 o O u o ” u o H fi o $ a o O w fi 5 d o fi ,n T m wo H e 0 3 H o fi n o H H fi 0 A w m fi H e 5 5 H . H m w a m fi a fi 5 8 2> o u q s m H c h O w 9 3 fi o a o o 5 p o m 3 e H g o v 2 H fi o H E o . m fi E e m e . o fi A fi é n 0 H m o 8 o M £ m fi m t o H e 9 o f H b m e dw fi o o o 8 o e g s H E E 5 H “ fi o “ © p 3 5 fi 6 e H h 6 0 9 om o 5 H o o 9 m E . « a m a 8 o O fi 3 n H o m 5 H a 4 a » H 0 fi o h c 2m m m o Q o u 3 i H m H u a e w . 5 e 2u o 0 s m o H o 9 5 m e o1 c m o 6 d m B m m o o H m 8 e t o 8 t 3 H 2e 0 r o m m e B H . o w H u w q H o g m e O m mH 8 . a o a b m o e . 3 fl . e e w N o e 5 u g om m c fl e A 9 fi o os q 3 m m E 3 m p g s a a . m m a h w n m u H . . m m . H H u . . . . v m n u w u e v v e m a o a m m w m u " H H H H s u “ THEVICARS 7 1

m m H H a « O N m m H e s H H H H

i . . 4 n 8 5 2 28 2 S . O 6 6 6 H d m i 2 o 2 o m . m g 24 fl 8 m m o n 2s o d 2 qa fi G 2 m5 o o 6 9 a a m a 8 u e 0 h fi 3 o a 0 3 E o 2 M k 5 z u mM m m 3 o r o 2 u fi 3 2H $ o $ q cr . o o v 8 28 Q 5 6 E u 6 o o 5 c 2 fi 0 2 h 2om0 m 0 5 U

m o e m N MH e m m m om o « o H o o m H m O o o o o o H o o o u u S w mw w w w m H H H H H vm m mH H H H H H H 72 THESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

' Th e list ' ex t ends ove r 6 57 ye ars and contains th e name s of -fi ve r o m n ot e . e tw o e a e thirty vicars At l ast nam s l st , aking l ss - e e T h e e e of e m e than thirty s v n in all . av rag le ngth ach incu b ncy ’ o e - e o L an eston s o was thus ab ut tw nty thr e ye ars . J hn g l ng i e e e e o e e o of o — e s e rG v cariat xt nd d v r a p ri d f rty six y ar , Walt ryk om ne o - e e m Wa‘ ddon o c in xt with f rty thr , and Willia with f rty g ” on Th h l e . e o of o h hi e on t e l ss what w uld be t e t rd nam ist , ~ o o e de G e o e for th e i e f ll wing Andr w ayn s , is acc unt d by d sapp ar ’ — e of B o B tton s R e e o e th e e 1 2 2 1 0 . anc ish p y gist r , c v ring y ars 9 3 7 It would b e th e missing vicar probably w h o was for a while m o e th e i pris n d in Castle at Launce ston . ’ Th e e e of o L a n eston s e e th e xact dat J hn g d ath is unc rtain , and m e of e o e L n eston o e o n e o . a na his succ ss r has b n l st g , d ubtl ss wi g toth e o o e of o e e e e of e e hi of c nsci usn ss failing p w r , r sign d his F f s p Po s e 1 86 e e h e e e v for o -fi ve e py Plac in 4 , wh r had b n icar f rty y ars 1 2 h m We m a e In 49 a d e e d re fe rs t o i as n ow de ce ase d . y tak h e e om e e e o 1 8 e e e o o it that di d s wh r ab ut 4 7 , aft r an xc pti nally l ng e T h e of h e e e e h as and activ care e r . building t P rp ndicular aisl e e hi h e r b n ascribe d t o s incumbe ncy . That e was a trust d pa ish prie st appe ars from his having be e n th e le ading Fe offe e for th e 1 e e o e ofor th e Po s e e . H l and P nt , and als py Plac Chariti s

‘ In his d e e d of re - e nfe offm e nt of P opys Place in 1 486 L ange ston e th f h h e e offe e o e e o e o t e . t d fin s purp s Charity , viz that f s sh uld allow th e bre th re n a n d Siste rs of th e stock of th e Holy and Hye o th e C u f e th e o e of Cr ss in h rch and parish o S . Andr w Ap stl ‘ Stratton or the ir ward e ns with th e profits of th e e nfe offe d lands e e e t o oem e o for th e and t n m nts , maintain and s l niz an annual bit o of th e o L an e ston C e th e o e s uls said J hn g , l rk , and br th rs and e of th e e a s rom o old time the h ave been a ccu s sist rs frat rnity , f f y tomed in the sa id chu rch and with t h e re sidu e of t h e re nts e t c . the y we re to pay for th e stipe nd of a prie st t o c ele brat e divine e i e th e a on e of th e o e s e s rv c in s id church b half br th r , sist rs , and

f h No 1 0 . a . e e o o t e o Go . b n fact rs st ck ( ulding , and p 37 ) It is as if

‘ h e saw o e e e o e e e t h e min d 0 1 that th r influ nc s w uld pr vail , wh r as 1 th e old vicar is set on th e spiritual charge of his pe opl e . In 5 9 3 t h e stock of th e parish is e xhibite d as be ing pu t t oquit e diffe re nt ' h e u r ose S n o m e o e m e of e o o e . T p p , nti n b ing ad any r ligi us bj ct Obits would of cours e have be e n e xtinguished by th e act relating t o 1 chantri e s in 5 45 . - of T h e long int e rval of fi fty fi ve ye ars be twe e n th e d e ath

' L ange st on and th e re signation of Carlyon w h ofollows h im on th e t oo o t o b e o e e e vi e w e list is l ng c v r d by a singl cariat , and must - m We e n o assum e he re t h e loss of a n int e rm e diat e na e . hav

1 Th e e nfe offe me nt de e d de scribes Popys Place as ne ar th e bank mo th e e e e e of th e S e a in t h e parish of Stratton . A ng witn ss s w r Sir oh Col sh u ll e o e B inh am Sir o J n , th n pr bably r siding at y, and J hn r Arunde ll Tre ys.

THESTO RY O F S TRATTO N CHURCH

' duction of th e n ew S ervice Books and to help t o re concile the m t ot h e n ew aspe ct of th e church whe n t h e altars were take n down t h e m and I age s and picture s of t h e Saints re move d . Whe the r h is O w n sympathi e s lay on th e sid e of th e n ew Ord er or h e Th e o l e th e t Old w e have nom e ans of knowing . n y ntry in Cou nt e Booke whi ch might possibly e nlighten us re fe rs t ot h e pay e ou t of th e of 28 s for a o o o e m nt church funds . c mpulsi n and th r e o h e e of th e e in 1 th e . t charg s ab ut Mr Vicar , but dat ntry 5 47 , e e o e t h e n ew o e m e o e f e e e th e e e e e y ar b f r rd r ca int f ct , l av s r f r nc o n h of th e d ubtful . Gere du s had submitte d t o t e stripping t h e e of th e e o e of th e old e e th e church , disp rsal rich acc ss ri s s rvic s ,

‘ substitution of th e more rigid forms of t h e n ew Praye r B ook for th e l od Mass Books with all the ir rich ce re monial and ritual .

' Possibl h e m e n ot e e on th e oe t oth e e y hi s lf was av rs wh l chang s , for whe n by anothe r turn of th e whe e l on th e acce ssion of Mary th e e m e to t h e old o m of o i h e o r turn was ad f r s w rsh p , sh rtly e e m e e e . e o r sign d His succ ss r , Willia Martyn , was pr s nt d by ’ o e - m e o e n d 1 8 Philip and Mary . Mary s sh rt r ign ca t _an in 5 5 and in t h e following ye ar th e English Prayer B ook once m or e took th e e of t h l 1 plac e od Latin s e rvice s . — We m a o e m E 1 6 6 con y n tic that Willia dwards , vicar 35 3, ' n e t o o h is of e t h e m e of t h e R e e o w e th e tin d h ld fic during _ ti b lli n h n fighting which rage d round Stam ford Hill n o doubt e xt e nde d t o t h e stre e ts of Stratton and m ust have thre aten e d th e little ' e T ra dition h a s th e Vicarag which n e stl ed be low th e church . it that th e e o le of o e o t h e m e e p p Stratt n inclin d t wards Parlia ntarian Sid ,

t h e - o e e m e e fi re e t h e and that church t w r its lf ca und r , whil m h e Parlia e ntarian soldi e rs stabl e d the ir hors e s in t church . e e be n o e o o e e of t h e o of t h e o Th r can qu sti n , h w v r , l yalty Stratt n o e w h o o o e B e G e e h o giant , Anth ny Payn , f ll w d Sir vil r nvill t r ugh ’ th e o e of t h e n o om e m e all tr ubl s war , and fi ally br ught h his ast r s o e B e e th e o e e e b dy , aft r Sir vil had fall n in disastr us ngag m nt at do e e B o E e on t ose e th e Lans wn Hill n ar ath . Pars n dwards liv d

1 Towards th e e nd of th e Sixte enth ce ntury th e clergy se e m t ohave ’ e o I 1 n n me om t h e stockw arde n s c o . n fall bad ti s , j udging fr a c unts 5 97

d . w as e 4 subscribe d t o Sr J ohn Tucker vicar of We e ke St . Mary T e sti ni ll In 1 8 e h a l u n e vn mr lau ernce having a mo a . 5 7 th y d o t to R 1 o on e of o th e Con e of t h e arish e . bins vick r Stratt n by s nt p x li , and is n ot 1 6 0 0 1 of t h e o of it till that they note they had re ce ive d s . pars n He e Marham Ch u rch e in parte of payme nt of h is debt e . ( had l ft o I n t h e o e I e o e for t h e e Stratt n pr vi us y ar . ) s pov rty acc untabl furth r e‘ item In 1 6 0 1 paid G e orge Ju e ll t ogot ot h e p arson of Marham ch u rch e t o e m th e B e 0 0 oo 0 2 H e e e m t o e e o e d and ibl . s s hav di d Sh rtly aft r , t h R i e e v. e R e e h m , Jasp r obinson (probably his brothe r) succ ding at ’ m In 1 0 T h e e s e o e on th e oo of Marha church 6 3 . latt r grav st ne li s fl r that o e o th e e of h is o o o church , giving, ddly n ugh , dat inducti n t Stratt n B s 1 6 S . a 9 9 . . THEVICARS 75

’ e of e 1 6 6 0 th e e o t e o o r turn Charl s I I in , and nf rcing in h f ll wing ye ar of t h e Pray er B ook s e rvice s on t h e cle rgy by t h e n ew Act of o m e e e e e th e e e of Unif r ity , r quiring und r h avy p nalti s att ndanc h io e e C o e e e of t e parish n rs at th ir parish hurch . In c ns qu nc this o e tw o o e o or o on e —fi fth Of th e s m th usand r ct rs and vicars , ab ut e th e mo e e e of e o e e e cl rgy , including st l arn d and activ th ir rd r , w r F om m e e th e e e of drive n from the ir livings . r this ti dat s influ nc o m n h o of E N nconfor ity o t e religi us and political life ngland . With th e appointm e nt of William Martyn w h ofollowe d John Gere ndu s in 1 5 5 5 th e advowson of Stratton toge the r with t h e othe r poss e ssions of t h e Launce ston Priory had falle n t o th e e of e e of o th e e e o e e Princ Wal s as Duk C rnwall , and pr s ntati ns w r e e e e e th e e or e e th r aft r ith r by Princ , , as usually happ n d , during m th e e o e o h e o e . t his in rity , by r igning S v r ign Acc rdingly pres e ntations toStratton bring b e fore us a goodly numbe r of th e

e e of E omm e . kings and qu ns ngland , c ncing with Philip and Mary E O n and the n lizabe th down t o th e late King Edward VII .

' re fe rring t oth e fore going Table of Vicars in which th e patrons a re m e ntione d it will be s e e n that t h e only Duke s of Cornwall w h o as such pre s e nte d to Stratton we re G e orge Fr e de rick Prince of e e E e of e E e Wal s , Alb rt dward Princ Wal s , and dward Alb rt of e h h h R e w o om a e t e e e t e e v . Princ Wal s , n in t d pr s nt vicar ,

e e oe . Cyril L sli J n s , M A . CHAPTER XI

T HE ARUN D EL L M ONUMENT AND T HE AVERY TAB L ET

T HE Arunde ll monum e nt stands in t h e e astward e xte nsion of o e th e o h e n ot o th e o e e what was nc s ut trans pt , far fr m sp t wh r w e e o e e e e o th e B l an ch minste r hav supp s d that its pr d c ss r , mo m e o e oo T h e o o “ nu nt w uld hav st d in e arly days . f ll wing

‘ ’ e o e o M onu me ta l B rasses o d scripti n is tak n fr m Mr . Dunkin s n f Corn wall At t h e e ast end of th e south a isle of Stratton Church is an altar tomb consisting of a -Slab of black marble supporte d by m Th e h ffi ie asonry and wood e n pillars . slab is inlaid with t e e g s of e K n h i o t . s tw o e e e e Sir J hn Arund ll , , wiv s , th ir childr n , shi lds of ms o e of e e e e ar , and a b rd r band brass , thus inscrib d H r lyth buri e d Sir John Arund ell T rerise K nygh t w h o prayse d be god Dye d in th e lord e t h e xxv Daye of Novem b e r in th e yea re of oure 1 1

o od . MCCCCCL X t h e ii e are of a e L rd e g J and in j and vij y his g . Whos e soul now R e st e th w yth th e Fa yth fu ll ch rystia n s in ou r ’ m o e . o e e e e mo e e e L rd Sir J hn , is r pr s nt d in ar ur , w aring his h l t , d e e e w o i e T e w o e and stan ing b tw n his t w v s . here wer t childr n e e e e e effi ies on e m e o th e e are b tw n th s g , but is issing , and b l w wiv s t w o o e e o e e om t h e m o of e gr ups , thr b ys and s v n girls ; fr uth ach i proce e ds a l ab el on which his or h er Christian nam e s e ngrave d . o to o o e 1 6 1 i s Acc rding this inscripti n Sir J hn di d in 5 , but this a e i n e o t h e e i e o e on o e y ar rr r , dat g v n in an inquisiti n tak n ath aft r "

m 26 1 6 o . e e o e e 0 . 7 e e e e his d ath b ing N v b r , 5 Th r w r riginally h o e of m on tw o e e e o . f ur shi lds ar s t is brass , but hav b n l st a w h e mo m th m o n e . s t e e Sinc Mr Dunkin nu nt , as nry casi g with th e wood e n pilast ers whi ch w as in a ve ry poor condition has b e e n re built with stone s cut from th e towe r pinnacl e s and t h e old poly r Sir o e m o e o e e o phant arche s . This J hn Arund ll was a r n tabl p rs n in t h e county than would be gathe re d from t h e mod e st r e cord on

‘ h is om O f t h e e e e of th e e m t h e t b . thr branch s Arund ll fa ily , L a nh erne T rerice Tol carne e th e T re ric e , , and Arund lls , branch , o n o m e t h e e hi e n ot t h e e a th ugh by ans w alt st , was l st distin ' h T h e o of h e m o m e e d e fi ve g u is e d . Sir J hn t nu nt liv und r E e H e o e o e e om e t o . s v r igns , fr H nry VI lizab th was a fav urit ”

o o o of . at C urt , and was p pularly kn wn as Jack Tilbury H e th e e e son of o e b e e of was ld st Sir J hn Arund ll y Jan , daught r om G e e w h o e th e e of h er Sir Th as r nvill , aft r d ath first husband ’ m o e mo of e . marrie d Sir J ohn Cha nd Launc lls His th r s will , 76 ARUNDELL MO NUMENT A ND AVERY TA BLET 77

e 1 1 1 e e e h e r e e t o be e th e dat d Jan . , 5 5 , xpr ss s d sir buri d in church at Stratton b e twe e n th e ‘ bodies of h er first and s e cond om hi w e e th e o of t h e mo husbands , fr w ch gath r that Sir J hn nu m e nt was not th e only m e mb er of h is family inte rre d in th e He min Or h e e of e 1 1 church . was a at t d ath his fath r in 5 5 ; . e on h e MP for h e o i e e f h e o . t lat r was c unty and tw c Sh ri f , and als e h f — f h e h ld t e important office o Vice Admiral o t e We st . H nry VII I

‘ m e h im E e of th e o 1 20 h e w as e e ad his squir b dy , and in 5 ntrust d th e e o for t h e e e o of th e E e o with pr parati ns r c pti n , mp r r at e 1 2 h e o e Cant rbury . In 5 3 capture d afte r a long sea fight a n t d o e m e w h o for o m e o e Sc tch pirat , Duncan Ca pb ll , had a l ng ti sc urg d th e o e e o th e e of o o o e t o h im t h e c asts , wh r up n Duk N rf lk wr t in ’ e e e h im t o o e e o e t h e King s b half , r qu sting bring his pris n r b f r h im for o e o e e King , and thanking his valiant c urag and b ld nt r 1 o h im e th e e m e . e e o e t pris in pr is s Again in 55 3 Qu n Mary wr t , e h im e a n d n ei h bou rs tose e th e e of r quiring ” with his fri nds g Princ Spain most honourably e nte rtain e d if h e fortun e d t o land in o o m e . e e e C rnwall Sir J hn arri d twic , his first wif b ing Mary , e e of o B ev ll of Gw arnick om h e daught r and h ir J hn y , by wh had tw o e Ro e e e on h er e h e m e childr n , g r and Kath rin , and d ath arri d e of m e Er ss of Er ss e J uliana , daught r Ja s y y y y , having issu by his e o m e tw o o o R e e e s c nd arriag s ns , J hn and ichard , and s v n daught rs ,

e e e e e G e e e . Margar t , Mari , Jan , Ph lip , rac , Marg ry , and Ann s Ro e is e t o e e e t o e e h is g r stat d hav b n a lunatic , and hav di d in ’ e e m e o th e son of h is e o m e e e fath r s lif ti J hn , s c nd arriag , inh rit d

‘ T re ric e f e e e f or th e o . , and in his turn s rv d as Sh ri f C unty th e m e of t h e e of e o But antl grandfath r , Jack Tilbury , f ll up n ’ o son o e o o t o om e e this Sir J hn s , an th r Sir J hn , kn wn his c p rs as J ack for th e King or Jack gam e t o th e toe s for his good e e to H e e e h f s rvic King Charles I . was pr s nt at t e routing o t h e m e on o o e h e e Parlia ntarians Bradd ck D wn , and lat r sustain d a ’ fi ve months si ege in Pe nd e nnis Castl e which h e he ld for th e King : mmo e to e e t w o o h e e e Su n d by Fairfax surr nd r within h urs , r pli d ’ e e t w o minu t es e o o e o e and having tak n l ss than r s luti n , I r s lv that I will rathe r bury mys e lf b e for e I d elive r u p this castle t o a s o s m e no ou e e such f ught again t his aj sty , and that thing y thr at n m e with is formidabl e tom e in re spe ct of th e loss of loyalty and of o e e T h . e o o e e e ou t on t h e c nsci nc garris n was , h w v r , starv d 1 6 of th e o o n e e e t h e e th f ll wi g August , P nd nnis b ing last castl but one in t h e kingdom t osurre nd e r t oth e Parliam e nt and its brave e e e e e e e tom u d f nd rs w r p rmitt d arch o t with full honours of war .

T he A run dells a t Efford

According to Carew a Ralph Arund e ll matche d with th e e e of T rerice th e m e of E 1 2 — th e e e h ir ss in ti dward I I I ( 3 7 77 , pr s nt mansion dates from Anoth er hundre d y e ars and more ’ 78 THEfST oRY O EsTRATToN CHURCH

e e o e th e A Eff th e o pass d b f r rund ells came to ord . In Inquisiti ns of 1 6 1 1 om de Wa u nford e th e 34 , and 35 Th as app ars as ’ o e of th e ' kni h t s fe e Ef o Th u rlibeare of h ld r g in f rd . Next a e m e t h e e e of o de Wa u nford Launc lls arri d daught r and h ir J hn , o of Ebbin ford th e m e f e 1 L rd g , in ti o H nry IV ( 399 and mad e it his re sid e nce till at le ngth _in t h e time of Edward IV ( 14 6 1 2-83) t h e daughter and he ir of the s e T h u rlibe ares m arrie d - e of T rerice B u t e li e o e o of t h e Arund ll . a slightly ar r c nn cti n Arund ells with Efford m ust be presum e d from th e signature of a John Arundell of T rerice occurring as witn ess to a Popys Place e e 1 8 o o Colshill e e m d d in 44 in c mpany with J hn , th n pr su ably e e B inh am r sid nt at y . It is e vid e nt from th e fre qu e nt m e ntion of th e Arunde lls in th e ’ Stratton Churchwarde ns Gounte Book that Efford was a favourite e e e f h e m Tr rice or i s s asid r sid e nce or t fa ily at e . A quaint st y o of th e e Ef o e e - m of t ld first Arund ll at f rd , wh n , as Vic Ad iral ’ o h e o n o th e E C rnwall e was s e nt t ore take St . Micha l s M u t fr m arl of O o e o w h o o t h e . e xf rd , was h lding it against King It is r c rd d hi o e mo e om Efi Ord i e e to that t s Sir J hn had r v d fr , giv ng h d a o e h e o b e k e on th e et h e did not pr ph cy that w uld ill d sands , y e e for on th e h e o hi s e 1 1 e l e arr st his fat , s ands l st lif In 47 , b ing ki l d m i ’ i his em lie th e e of . e in a Sk r ish , and r ains in Chap l St M cha l s o ' M unt (Care w) . Th e m ale lin e of t h e family b e cam e e xtinct by t h e ea of t h e th o o 1 6 8 e en d th 4 bar n , J hn , in 7 ; and subs qu tly T rerice and Efford pass e d intoth e ' h an ds of t h e pre s e nt holde r of Effo " rd , Sir T . D . Acland , Bart . are th e e e e e ot h e el of Effo e e Many r f r nc s t Arund ls rd , as has b n

. 20 th e e Go e oo e . 1 said , in Stratton Churchward ns unt B k I n 5 , for e e e e e m e o of e for one of t h e xampl , th r is th nti n kn lls rung

“ Ar e o o e e e e of t h e und lls in Stratt n Church , and th r ntri s sp ak Arund ell of th e time s pres e nting ve stm e nts toth e church ; Mention Is made in th e Exe te r R egister of a Lice nce give n to e Gr i of o t h e e 1 0 0 to e e e Walt r yk , v car Stratt n in y ar 4 c l brat

Divine S ervice in th e chape l of t h e Holy Trinity and of St . i ’ of B f o ’ of Ef o e e th e e o . e M cha l s ud and Chap l St L nard s f rd , and

a e l at e r icen ce is e t oTh omas ‘ A ru ndell Mar ar h is _ littl l giv n and g y “ wi e f l Th e f or O ratori es in all the ir mansions in Cornwa l . multiplication of private chapels attache d t o- th e home s of t h e

“ principal landowne rs was som e thing more than a pe rsonal Con venie nce t o the ir inmat e s Since it also afford e d opportunity t o th e p arishione rs in t h e outlying hamle ts t o be pres e nt at th e e e e e e e n o o om e e e o Divin S rvic , r nd r d d ubt with s what l ss lab ra tion of ritual by th e dom e stic chaplain in th e oratory of th e gre at o e i h us with n e asy re ach of the ir home s . Th e only othe r old table t of any inte rest in th e church is t h e e now e 1 1 1 th e e e o e th e e oo e e was slat Slab , plac d r c ss v r v stry d r , wh r th e old o e n h e e e T h e o e e o p ning o t scr n . inscripti n giv n b l w ARUNDELL MO NUMENT AND AVERY TABLET 7 9

o of o n f h e e e e e th e e . er o e o t e pr s rv s in v rs m m ry Mr J hn Av y, E - F of h e o e h 1 6 ight Men or e ofi e e s t Stratt n Chariti s w odie d in 9 1 . It runs as follows

e e in e e o l e N ar by this plac t rr d d th y , ' O ne of th e E o e me mo ight , wh s ry W r be to ost eritie ill last and frag ant all p . He did revive th e stock store He built th e almshouse for th e Poor ’ ’ e th e e e e e e e e Manag d sow ll was r v nu n r b for . h e C h e o e be autifi ed T hurch l v d , His highest glory and h is pride h e e h is e e e e T e sacr d altar Sh ws privat z al b sid . A book h e le ft for all toV iew T h e accounts which are both just true o e e t u His own e discharge a g od pr c dent oyo . ’ B e sile nt the n of h im that s gone o n ot me m e e o T uch , I an , an i p rf cti n , r h o h as om h e m h o e Fo e a pard n fr t Al ig ty thr n . oo to o e toh is L k y ur ways , ach trust e ou are That wh n y thus laid in dust , m e as eo Your actions ay app ar right us as just .

’ o e om o o M a na B ritanni C pi d fr Lys n s C rnwall in his g a .

T h e allusion tohis z e al for th e sacre d altar re fers toth e gift of a silve r pat e n which be ars his nam e and still pre s e rves his h o e e Th e e e e o m me mory at t e h ly s rvic . writ r has b n inf r e d by e a e e th t h e R e v J . F . Chant r th t a trad sman b aring e nam e of Ave ry was practising his trad e as goldsmith In th e city of Exe te r i n th e e i n o e e e e th e a e mo y ar which J hn Av ry pr s nt d p t n and , re o e th e e on th e e are e x a ctl o e v r , that trad marks pat n y th s which we re in u se by th e Exe te r Ave ry a t this tim e and whi ch we re ma be e e change d Shortly afterwards . It y inf rr d that th e Exe te r goldsmith of th e sam e nam e was a son or othe r relation of th e o e of ee o b e not e th e Stratt n F f , and it w uld unlik ly that fact of his having a ne ar r elation w h o was a goldsmith had its elf sugge ste d th e gift . CHAPTER’ XI I

THE RESTORATI ON O F T HE O L D CHURCH

T HE most cursory inspe ction of th e church be fore th e re stora tion carrie d ou t in 1 888 would have be e n suffi ci e nt to show that tim e had laid its he avy hand on th e fabric and that it was in e o e e of e T h e of t h e o e o b e s ri us n d r pair . wall n rth arcad c uld e e e oo om t h e e e T h e ‘ o e oo s n l aning a f t fr p rp ndicular . t w r st d in n e e d of repointing th e polyph ant e ntranc e doorway and th e old trace ri e d w indows we re much d e caye d ; t h e pinnacle s we re

h . e t e o u o We e o e t n e e . unsaf , and lightning c nd ct rs r w rs ha us l ss Many unsuspe cte d d e fe cts re ve ale d themse lve s furthe r during h e o e of h o t pr gr ss t e w rk .

. It having be e n de cid e d at a ge ne ral m e e ting that th e restora tion of th e tower should be und ertake n as a m e morial of Qu e en ’ o e e th e o be e o e Vict ria s Jubil , and that church sh uld r st r d o o e e e e o omm e e o e to thr ugh ut , a r pr s ntativ l cal c itt was app int d o e o and t o ou t h e o e c ll ct subscripti ns carry t w rk . Plans had alr ady e a d W dlin e e e e . a e b n pr par d by M ssrs St Aubyn n g , archit cts , o T h of Ro f B o . e o . e o e e e L nd n c ntract Mr ss H ard ud was acc pt d , e E of C m o e e o e him for t h e M ssrs . dwards a b rn b ing ass ciat d with Cru ch et e e f h e o oo o e . o t t o t . w dw rk r pairs , Mr J hn b ing cl rk w rks Th e o l o of th e e o o m e t o om e o e 2ooo t ta c st r st rati n ca s thing v r £ _ ,

“ an d e th e e o e w a s e e of e a nd W wh n church was r p ned , it fr d bt ith T h e e o of th e hi e com a small balance In hand . int nti n arc t ct and mitt e e was that nothing of th e old work should be int e rfe re d i o be e e o hi n ew w th which c uld In any way r tain d , and that n t ng should be add e d which was n ot n e ce ssary for th e mainte nance of t h e e 1 Th e e o o tobe o e e o structur . r st rati n was c ns rvativ thr ugh O u t th e of th e e o e e e e e o e th e ol d , and hands r st r rs pass d r v r ntly v r " e o e e e e building , r placing nly what was d cay d , str ngth ning what e e r main d . It would b e a te diou s business t oattempt t oe nume rate all th e ne ce ssary repairs and r enovations includ e d in a Church re stora t ion in which th e accumulate d we ar and te ar of clos e on e ight om hi ce nturi e s must h e ove rtake n and mad e good . And yet s et ng m be o to o a th e e f e e e not ust said , if nly Sh w th t f ct has b n in any

' 1 h e l e n t a an o e . . t e wi o o s e d W er e e W. d w L ith c tain xc pti ns , g n arg d i l th e ee e e e of th e e e re t o e . B . S . thr ast rn arch s N arcad , r fer d lat r

82 THESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH of e th e e 1 e th e e f a small r light in w st aisl , ston work o which w as m ca e Th e m i oo o h uch de y d . ak ng g d f t e foundations of t h e north w all of th e Church and of thos e of th e south arcade was a work of u e oof o e e if Th e e for m ch urg ncy and als c nsid rabl d ficulty . n e d it aros e owing t oth e repe ate d lowe rings of th e floor t ogive an e ffe ct of. e e e toth e oo so th e o n o of th e o gr at r h ight r f , that f u dati n n rth ee to be o e tw O e e o e th e e oo e e wall was s n s m f t ab v inn r fl r l v l . t obe e e e e a nd th e oo e o t e This had xcavat d and und rpinn d , l s u r e of th e e o e e t e fac wall in part r built . A disc v ry was mad during h o of e o o not e e e e th e w rk r c nstructi n which has b n xplain d . In l ooe e on th e to of th e W o on th e to of th e s rubbl p all , and als p ’ o e e e o e e Of o o tw ot o n rth arcad wall , w r f und s v ral tips c ws h rns , e e A s u e ion e thr inche s long . gg st has b en mad e that they we re place d there as a prote ction against e vil spirits wh oWe re suppos e d t o e th e on th e o e e for inf st churchyard n rth sid . It was p rhaps e o o oo o o o e Was this r as n that a n rth d r was c mm nly pr vid d , which o e e for th e e o i so th e e p n d at baptisms x rc sm , that vil spirit e t o o e o might d part his pr p r gr und . T h e e of th e of th e o e und rpinning pillars s uth arcad was , a e e e e of o for th e o e e e d licat pi c w rk , which utm st car was r quir d , o h e o u of th e e T h e e t . inv lving as it . did sh ring p arch s writ r can e e o e on o o th e h e o r call his s nsati ns wh n, c ming int church , f und on e of th e tall granite pill ars hanging appare ntly fre e like a

e e t h e oo e e e e e e . p ndulum , whil f tings b n ath it w r b ing r built T h e on e structural work by which th e aspe ct of t h e church w as in a ny w ay altere d was th e rebuilding of th e north arcad e through O u t on th o hi w as e ere m e e o in t o e riginal line s . T s r nd d i p rativ w g h t e wall of th e arcad e le aning ove r som e nin e inche s t oth e north . T h e thre e Weste rnmost arch e s an d pillars which had b e e n l e ft untou che d by th e build e rs of th e scre e n in th e sixte e nth ce ntury - e e e o e b o e e oo th e 0 1d e e e n w r r built , st n y st n , as th y st d , l v ls b i g

“ Th e e e e th e e e carefully note d and followe d . thr arch s in ast rn e o of th e e som altre at e b th e e e e e e s cti n arcad , d y scr n build rs , w r of e o e e m o e to e e e n e ce ssity re built . It b ing c nsid r d i p ssibl l av th m e e o m e o o e e e e e n ew e in th ir d f r d c nditi n , th y w r r plac d by arch s o o th e o e th e e t oth e f ll wing riginal d sign , thus bringing arcad back - o o grace ful symm e try of _it s fourte e nth ce ntury riginal . S lid masonry footings we re alsobuilt b e low th e bas es of th e / pillars to replace t h e core s of clay soil on which the y had b ee n allowe d t o o e e be o e one re st whe n th e floor l e ve l was l w r d . It will n tic d that h is . t e o of th e new pillars stands on a carve d bas e . . This riginal e e e e a e t odo bas which , aft r having b n r is d duty as a capital , has o e ro be e n lowe re d once more t o its original p sition . Brack ts p je ctin g from th e wall of th e arcade n ow support th e footings of th e aisle roof principals which had be e n pre ss e d in and contracte d through th e le aning ove r of th e arcad e t o such an e xte nt that it 1 — i e B . S Presumably th e north a sle is m an t . a a 2 F ce p g e 8 .

B T o S m E I E RASS J O HN ARUNDE L L O F T R R C .

T HE RESTO RATIO N O F T HE O L D CHU R CH 83

m Th e oe oo e e was found impossible to stre ngthe n the . wh l fl r l v l of t h e C th e e o a e e e e hurch , num r us gr v s having first b n fill d in , is e e T h e fi n e e e e n ow covere d ove r by a concre t lay r . carv d sixt nth ' e e -e of e e e e e e e c ntury b nch nds , all which hav b n car fully pr s rv d , e e e e th e tw o e o o th e e e hav b n plac d in aisl s , n rth and s uth , c ntr T h e o e e nave b e ing s e ate d with chairs . Jac b an pulpit was plac d

' on a base of Corsham stone in place of th e e arlie r wood e n ' e e T h e e e e n ow a cross th e p d stal . carv d scr n which runs church om o t o o h as e e e th e e e fr n rth s uth b n plac d in church subs qu ntly , m e mo t o e Sh earm e of Coth ill e e in part as a rial Miss Ann , a d ply

’ o e T h fi n e o e w e e e e . e and id ly r gr tt d Church w rk r rgan , by L wis ,

‘ o o e b E m th e e e L nd n , was giv n y Miss m a King , brass l ct rn by

Mr . Philip King . A late r improve m e nt is th e placing in th e tow e r of a fi n e pe al o h f e e m h e fi rm of Co. o o o T o t o . e ight b lls fr Tayl r , L ughb r ugh n E no e e e ew Chim e e e e e o s . w s hav b n add d by J hn King , q, d c as d , ' old Ca t ain of th e o e o e e e o of th e an p T w r and n t d ring r , in m m ry

e Mrs . o lat J hn King . Th e re storation was loyally carri e d ou t by th e principal o f B o t h e e . Ro e o e e c ntract r , lat Mr ss H ard ud and und r his o o o on S o e th e of t h e c nstant supe rvisi n . An inscripti n a t n in wall o e e o th e e of th e e o o e t h e n rth arcad , r c rding dat r st rati n , b ars m e of h t e v B o . R Re . . . e . e o e M . . na s F J n , A , as vicar , and M ssrs W w

. Th e o Co e e C e . and H Tr win , hurchward ns subscripti n List ntain d o e on tw o e m e om e m om cl s hundr d na s , and c pris d su s varying fr 0 t o 6 d e o m £5 . It is a pl asure t re cord that a ong the m we r e t h e m e of om e w h o e e n ot e o na s s , whil th y did shar in its w rship , ye t Showe d the ir inte re st in by he lping t h e fund for th e pre s e rva

“ o of th e old th e o e Th e e of od ti n fabric and t w r . bl ssing G has manife stly re st e d on th e work in th e compl e tion of an und e r n o m e e o of e o taking by ans d v id risk at c rtain p ints , but which Wa s e o o e o or m carri d thr ugh with ut any accid nt t life li b . T h e w as eo e e on e e m e 2 1 888 church r p n d Thursday , S pt b r 7 , . At t h e first ce le bration th e Bishop of Marlborough was th e e e o of E . e e e e e e C l brant Dr C wi , D an x t r , pr ach d at Matins , and t h e B ishop of Marlborough at Eve nsong on Stre ngthening t h e e m L A s D EO things that r ain . U . APPENDIX A

A NOTI CEAB L E fe ature in th e church is that th e towe r lie s t oth e south f t n t It o h e ce ntral li e of h e nave . will b e found alsothat th e pillars of t h e t w o e e e don ot e e one o e e aisl s , whil parall l , xactly fac an th r . Furth r , a care ful inspection of th e plan of th e church shows that in certain e th e e e are n ot e t cas s church walls , ast and w st , squar with h e re st of th e C c e e a e th e E f th e hur h . This d f ct pp ars in . wall o chance l (WX on th e o th e E. UV of th e e and th plan) and als in wall ( ) aisl e W. wall

O P of th e . e . T h e e o e too o e t o e e ( ) N aisl , rr r app ar c nsist nt hav aris n ou t of m e e e e m b e du e t o e th e e si pl car l ssn ss , and ust caus s in arly N w conditions of th e church . o if w e look at th e line A B in th e plan of th e Norman church which marks th e line of th e found ations of th e o e b e e e e o oo n e riginal nav wall , it will s n that it inclin s s uth (l ki g w st f th e e e e e of th e e ‘ We e e th ke ward) o pr s nt c ntral lin nav . hav h re e y t o th e diverge nce s which w e have notice d in th e prese nt plan of th e T h e e e e e of th e e e om th e ee church . xisting c ntr lin nav dat s fr fourt nth t e e th . e e , e o th e , an d oe not c ntury wh n N aisl , was add d church it d s c o e o t h e old e e e of th e o m c T he rr sp nd with c ntr lin HQ N r an hurch . diverge nce s which w e have notice d arose in some c ase s at l e ast ow ing t o building onold foundations of e arlier work which of cours e e t of t h e m is e t conform d oth e axis Nor an church . This what app ars o have happene d in th e case of th e e ast wall of th e Chancel and th e e ast w of th e o e e th e e e of th e o e all s uth aisl , and caus d cc ntricity t w r. “ In th e south aisle th e pre sent e ast e n d R S h as taken th e place of an e arlie r wall which must have b e e n th e e n d wall of an e nlarge d

e e as ma e e e th e e on .th e o e trans pt , unl ss , y hav happ n d , trans pt s uth Sid e e t o e or ee - e e th e had alre ady giv n plac a tw lfth thirt nth c ntury aisl . In sa me way th e e ast wall of th e Chance l by its conformity t oth e original axis shows that there must have stood here an e arlier wall which would C We r le o b e th e e nd of an e nlarge d hance l . a e thus d toth e conclusi n that be fore th e end of th e thirte e nth century th e chance l area had be e n e e to its e e me o o th e o e nlarg d pr s nt di nsi ns , and als that s uth trans pt e e oo e e or e e oe e or e e had b n pr l ng d astward , ls that a wh l tw lfth thirt nth 1 e It century aisle had b e e n add d on th e south side of th e church . will b e furthe r se e n that t oaccount for th e e cce ntricity of th e towe r w e have b e e n l e d to assume th e e xiste nce of a n e arlie r towe r in t h e Norman It is e e th e e on m e in th e e e church . sugg st d that slight alt rati ad c ntr ‘ e line of th e nave on th e occasion Of th e building of th e n e w N . aisl w as du e t o th e im possibility of bringing back th e roof rafters which e e f th e oo had be e n spre ad outwards by th e pr ssur o e nav r f .

1 r i u l r iers sh ou l face th e N . I t is oth erwise diffi cu l t to se e w h y th e S . ( Pe pe nd c a ) p d . t e corat e iers on t h e b asis of th e old ali nmen not t h e new . If th e occu ie th e Si e ( D d) p — g t, y p d B . S f rl r i x icable . o Ea y English pie s it s e pl . A PPENDI CES 85

APPENDIX B

TH E CHU R CH AND TH E P EOPL E

’ T he L ayman s . S erince

w e n th e e of th e Go e B oo e th e ic e of th e As tur pag s unt k , p tur church ' ‘ and the ' officiating clergy in th e chance l and t h e congre gation outside Th e e t h e in th e nave rise s plainly b e fore ou r e yes . day b gan with th e e of th e of th e“ mo of e th e re citation by cl rgy church rning fic s , ‘

e on ou r. a nd E e o are e e s rvice s which Matins v ns ng bas d , with th ir 1 m e o P m o o e m be b . L ow . w as nu r us sal s , f ll w d , it ight , y a Mass This the ir pre paration for th e gre ate r s e rvice s of th e day at these e arlie r ’ th e . n t e e T h e m e e s ervice s th e laity were o pr s nt . lay an s s rvic was High Ma ss at which on Sundays a nd holidays h e w as always e xpe ct e d t o be e e w as th e pr s nt , and which said at principal altar , with lights not on th e e e o o on o ( altar) and inc ns and ccasi nally , Sundays with ut ' m nie O n o a th e e e doubt always , acco pa d with music . all h lid ys g ntl e o e e e o th e me e o e o e h is b f r th y w nt f rth hunting, rchant b f r p ning books th e e e o e h e oo m e t oth e e o e k villag r b f r t k hi s lf villag sp rts , h ard O n th e e e o e th e e e e e Mass . ( riv r bridg s utsid larg r t owns chap ls w r e e e e i e provid d wh re th e trave ll r de lay d h s j ourney t oh ar Mass . )

’ T he Al ass P riests

Th e h ye auter w as n ot th e only on e where Mass' w as said ; if a o e e e e for th e or a s m be h e ome ny n w r lat High Mass , if , ight , had s r ll ’ othe r favourite altar (St . A my s for e xample) h e had opportunitie s for e r one of t h e o t S o oo h a ing Mass at f ur side altars in h e church . s n as th e e e e e th e e as th e We e e th e altars w r fr , Mass pri sts r call d , ’ a o e e of th e o of th e e n of th e H e C o th e p rishi n rs pri st St ck frat r ity y r ss , C e ma e o e e o e e t o hantry pri st , and yb th r pri sts wh s sp cial duty it was sa e for th e o of th e e e o be e th e y Mass s s uls d part d , w uld r ady at altars e e for e m T h e pr par d th . Gounte B ooke h a s some thing t o say about e e o e e t o t h e 1 1 t o a for th s additi nal pri sts attach d church , in 5 3 p y ’ th e e e pri st s wag s x s . and in t h e same ye ar for my lady parcevale ” 2 s me ne da t oiii rie st e s for e ale i 5 i d n 1 1 y y j p , br d j . j . Agai in 5 9 x ii iii i t t j s. j d . s paid o h e prie st j a nd in 1 5 35 there is an e ntry for me nd n th e rie st es m e i If as h as ee e me th e y g p cha b r j , b n pr su d , e e o e e e e o o e o t o e pr s nt s uth aisl had b n und r c nstructi n pr vi us this dat , ’ t h e e m e e m t o e ee in th e C o d pri st s cha b r , pr su ing it hav b n hurch , c ul o e ee th e o e e e h e m e o . T nly hav b n in t w r , wh r ust hav had cold l dging h e e 1 1 re c for G enk ntry in 5 4 . yn prie st ys Gy ft e re fers probably t o a m e toGenk n for h is e e gift ad y s rvic s . Th e last me ntion w e have of th e ” e s is 1 0 th e e d d su e for th e b cke pri st in 54 , pri st y u s v d . Th e e e e h e in m e e e m e e e Mass pri sts w r ld s all st , and th ir pr s nce about th e i churches n such numbers w as one of th e cause s of th e growi ng d o e In e e isc nt nt . g n ral they knew just e nough Latin t oe nable the m t o sa s . e e on m e m i me ome y Mas Th y liv d a s all pittanc , ak ng their ho in s

Th e sal er w as sai throu h weekl P t d g y . ’ L izd ercival s meneda t y P y w as h e d ay on which masses were said for the repose O f her soul 86 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

/ - - t woroomed cott a e th e oom o fi re - e an an O e g , sitting r with ut a plac d p n e me me t m th e e e . o no o e e o be chi n y in c ntr S ti s , but at Stratt n , th r w uld ’ “ e e t a pri st s chamb er ov r h e porch . With th e dissolution of t h e chantrie s by He nry VIII and th e confiscation of the ir re ve nues t oth e I th e e e e om th e e e e King in 545 , Mass pri sts disapp ar d fr church . Th y w r o e e e e on e , e t o th e e e e e a l ft d p nd nt . pr cari us charity and subj ct s v r r gul

‘ tions of th e Parliame nt unde r which sturdy b e ggars and vagabonds ‘ “

e e e t obe e a n d u t th e o . ome e a me o w r liabl whipp d p in st cks S b c tail rs , l 1 ome e e some / even e a e o e . h as e e e o e s_ carp nt rs , k pt h us s It b n stat d ab v that th e last e ntry in th e Stratton Gounte B ooke referring t o th e I fi v e be o e f t I 6 e 0 e th e o h e . pri sts is in 5 4 , j ust y ars f r passing Act In 5 4

' _ e w h e e e h e fe e xi t f it is th vicar or c iv s t ( j d . ) from h e Churchwardens or ’ e ll n S ynt Army s me eday .

T he Clarke and the B eddmc m

Nomention is made in th e Gounte B ooke of layme n in minor orders not e e e t o o e w as t o -th e infr qu ntly attach d a church , wh s duty it assist church clergy in th e services _and t o act whe n ne e de d as servers at th e m a e e th t e eddman m . e e e e e h b ass Th ir plac y hav b n taken by clark and , o of e th e B o ke u 1 6 1 th e u b th whom app ar in Gounte o In 5 _ ch rch l e n e e e of o e e th e od e vii . for ward s r c iv J hn K dn r clark , j d half a

’ ‘ ~ i e . i th rc e e o b ch a nber. Th e C e h s o n e y ar s r nt f r is i lark had c f r chu h , 1 0 for ke toth e s oe i to 5 3 payd a y clark y c f r j d , and in paid r r f t e iii the ye sh m an fo me e o h e ys m j . y nd n clark cha b r d "

6 . h is e th e dm an r e e m . 1 M ntion is also made of e b d o b d s an In 55 _ P o i i e t h e C de . o e e os x v d . s o r ch tt , c ting j , pr v d d by hurchwar ns r bably h e was in th e e nj oyme nt of some church charity and unde r th e obliga tion of saying h is b ede s _or prayers in constant attendance upon t h e e i e T h e of o e e o h e w as e e church s rv c s . e w aring a r ch tt sh ws that ngag d ’ T h b e dman s sch ow l e xi . in th e chance l as choirman or server. e j d in r529 marks h im out alsoas having otherduties about th e church

I nfregu eney of Commu nions O ccasional mention is made of th e h ow slyn towe ls which we re

‘ ’ il th me of th e omm o o of th e he ld b e fore th e ra s at e ti C uni n , and als “ ” 2 “ o l n r s n in e th e me e to th e e H as y o y g g br d , na s giv n sp cially

‘ T e infre u en c of th e e e prepare d bre ads use d at th e mass . h q y ntri s e e th e We e e e e e th e sugg sts that , whil laity r r gular in th ir att ndanc at

m e not e omm e . ass , th y did as a rul c unicat h T h e custom for th e ge nerality s ee ms t o have b ee n t o re ceive t e Q e e e a or o o e o E e . Communion thr e tim s a y r , p ssibly nc nly at ast r Giraldu s w h o wrote a bout th e ye arx rzoo says that th e laity m ay ' e e e n ot d re ce ive ofte n or s eldom as th e ir consci nc dictat s aily, but E e Pe e o or e e e ime th e e C m , at l ast thr t s in y ar , at hrist as , ast r and nt c st e E e as is n ow th e om e h is me Com at l ast at ast r, cust and aft r ti 3 Th e for m u nions did not te nd t o be come more fre quent . usual day

mm Mau n da th e o We e . co unicating w as y Thursday, Thursday in H ly k

1 r t i 1 From th e L atin w ord h ostia a sacrifi ce . B u ne t , i . 54 . , ’ 3 m Ch au ce r in T he P arsone s Tale A nd cert es on ce a e ar at th e l e ast w ay i t is Co . p y ” w u t o ld for ooth once a e ar all th in s in th e ear h t enovalen. l a f l obe b use , s ly y g t

88 T HESTO RY O F STRATTO N CHURCH

o E me s e e n e em o a t ld , nglish instru ntali ts w r i as gr at d and abr ad s fore ign musicians have be e n since in Gre at B ritain . Music was a e m e In th e f E e univ rsal acco plishm nt . days o Q . lizab th and King

James th e bass viol hung on th e wall for th e amuse me nt of . w aiting o nd th e e e a d e e t h e e e fu rn i visit rs , a lut , cith rn , n virginals w r n c ssary ’ e of th e e Th e m o th e e 3 o . o tur barb r sh p w rk an sang at his w rk , cart r e t th e h e m m d e e . e e whistl d , ilk ai sang ballads , v n b ggars had th ir e 1 sp cial songs .

.C e e e e I n th e o _ hurch s had the ir organs v n in Saxon tim s . Stratt n

Co s B oo e th e o . in th e m e ome unt k rgans (always plural nu b r) , c

e od n e e . one me o e is e for t h e p ri ically u d r r pair At ti a c rd want d ,

O I 6 0 e e f r th r an .in 1 6 o e th e rgans in 5 a tr ss o e o g ys j d . 5 3 c m s e f e t i 1 t ntry or se tt m a glass oue r h e organs i j s . in 542 h e O rgan e f r e e xi e v f f Mak r o his ff j d . sugg sts a isit principally or th e purpose o e I f i e su m x v vi . i t tuning and cl aning wh n in 5 34 a o x j s. j d s payd o t h e organ maker it would se e m as if th e old instrume nt w as over A - e 1 26 f of haule d and re newe d . previous ntry in 5 forglue orme ndying ” t h e o e e oo e e f O mo e . o . e rgans j d sugg sts that th y . st d in n d repair nc r 1 0 th e o are e e of e for ke e e in 5 7 rgans in n d Slight r pairs , a y n l s e h in e h iii oth r t g s aboute t e organs j d . Th e viij pe re of serpylle s iiij R oche t in th e Church Inve ntorie s o a s h as b e e e m r e t o o in th e e i n re -Re o m p int , n r a k d , a ch ir chanc l p f r a o me b u t no me are e o e e e of the ti n ti s , pay nts r c rd d in r sp ct church ’ m o e not e ome i o th e e usic , pr bably th y did th n c nt churchward ns m 1 6 o e k t e e u s o . o son eboo s d m acc unts Fr 5 3 and nwards psalt rs , g , , e n t o e th e o 1 6 v bo e s are o e t e m b gi app ar in acc unts ; in 5 5 , y intr duc d l oraril i ot h e e t o e cr ste mas c e p y nt quy r h lp a gainst y , xx and furth r i 1 6 2 m n t r i e t o e iii 1 6 e e is n 5 a y s e s hir d h lp play syng j d . in 5 4 th r f e f rt re v 1 s u t ei‘ o e is settyng forthe o s at o h e quy "j d . In 559 a a bo k e o ( 1 . 1 0 e e omm nio o e a d purchas d , c sting xx and in 5 7 a n w c u n b ck n a ‘ - oo e e e e e in 1 for psalte r in th e sam e vj 5 . (b ks w r still v ry xp nsive 547 t e e E t I n 1 6 e xample h e part of a buck call d rasm e came ovj s. 5 3

- e . 1 6 songe s for th e church that th y bought att bodman xx d . in 5 5 ' f r i 1 6 o e for t h e n ew o e o th e s. e f s ng s church j ; ” 5 7 a qu r pap r - iii s n ne o e for th e d . 1 0 t o o O e y gy b ck s church j , and in 5 7 Nich las liv r

i e f r f e e m xii e . t th e e of se nt t v s o a song o t d u d . t stify o e plac still tak n th e m th e e e R e o m o me e by usic in church s rvic s in f r ati n ti s , whil it o e t obe of mo e o e o e t h e e o e o pr bably b gan a r c ngr gati nal typ , p pl j ining, t f th Th e e e ee m ma be o e h e o e or e . i it y supp s d , in s ng s church s rv c s s t e e e old me for w e e in 1 0 of ii n e w o , 5 still hav b n sung as in ti s r ad , _5 j f n l e se bocke s notyd or m at en s e vensong y yngg yssh xvj d . th would probably b e choir books .

T he Religion of the P eople It cannot b e questioned that th e pre - R e form a tion a ge was an a ge of de e e o a n d e e of e o o to t h e B e e me . p r ligi n , sp cially d v ti n l ss d Sacra nt P e n ot o ne t oth e e o e e e e t oth e Co a nd t o i ty was c nfi d p pl , it xt nd d urt ’ I V e e e f r h i e E u e o o s o o o . t h e Camp . dward dr w p lab rat rul s s n s h us h ld H w as t o e e th e e mo a nd e h ar Mass privat ly with Matins in arly rning , e th e mem e of h is o e o w h o c o b e s e aft rwards , with all b rs h us h ld uld par d om e ie s to e o a o e e fr th ir dut , att nd a ch r l Mass by n t with childr n ,

1 ’ S ee an article on En lish us c in th e Contem orar ul 1 1 . g M i p y, J y, 9 7 APPENDI CES 89 i e Not on o me b u t th e R e o m o . . choirboys . ly in Sax n ti s , until f r ati n , one of th e principal occupations of th e wome n of th e uppe r class w as

f e Th e o e o ot . e t owork e xquisite ve stme nts or church s . c nf ss r _Q Margar t of o n e h ow h er m e l e o o of e e Sc tla d t lls cha b r was ik a w rksh p , h av nly ” 1 h e o e s e o e e o e o me e manufacture . T s ldi r b f r th y f ught p rf r d th ir B o e th e e of o e e on e e e devotions . e f r battl Aginc urt th y all f ll th ir kn s O n e or tw o e of or e e of e u t em and , plucking blad s grass pi c s arth , p th t o e l t o si nif t h eir e e t o e e e th e o Comm o th ir ips , g y d sir r c iv H ly uni n ee e had it b n possibl . It m not be o e o e e t e mo e now ust supp s d , h w v r hat th n any r than ome o e all pe ople live d u p t o th e le ve l of the ir de votions . S h n stly

e m e t o do so o e m e n o e e e of . T h e att pt d , th rs ad pr t nc it public

. B It admonitions of t h e ishops be ar wit ne ss t o a ge neral laxity . En e f o t o e e m th e o e o o , s s that glish n bl s inst ad g ing church , w uld in e e e o e e o e om b e d have a hurrie d Mass said th ir chamb r b f r th y r s fr . A Dominican pre acher in th e fourte e nth ce ntury make s this se rious admission in re gard t o th e care le ssne ss of many of th e lay pe ople in If e e their manne r of atte nding on th e service s of the ir church . th r o be e mo o e o ome e e e msel e om sh uld a s r n ab ut th ir salvati n , s xcus th v s fr i t f t E e t h e he aring it by saying that it s oo late or the m ore main . v n s o me e are e e e e a for h rt ti that th y in church , th y sp nd in unn c ssary t lk , e a t e e f t f e E e th e o g tting th t h hous o God is h e house o pray r . v n Can ns in th e Cathe dral at Salisbury had t obe reprove d for the ir babbling in t h e choir so that th e divine office s we re interrupte d and by the ir ge sture s and improprie ty of conduct th e de votion of th e pe ople w as e I f h m e e m m n . n e e o th e o of t e uch di i ish d a r vi w hist ry ti s , publish d in 1 6 6 th e o e s o is m e e e e e o e w h o 5 , c nf si n ad that th r w r unw rthy pri sts c m e t o th e o e oo n ot for e o o for e ome a h ly pri sth d d v ti n but w alth , and s e e n m n s e i f t e o e e oth rs w t into o a t r e s rather or e ase than os rve G d . Th s unworthy prie sts were t obe found mostly among th e highe r ranks of th e c lergy a nd rare ly amon g th e parish priests w h o ministere d to the ir e e f r m e B e p opl o a s a ll pittanc and were de se rvedly popular . usin ss t oo o t h e o Th e B o om n m was gr wing in t wns . ish ps c plai that in any ce e e i m e i pla s th r s a ark t n e very Sunday throughout t h e ye ar . T o c o e a m o e se be a n n e m e ss on w e m rr ct wh t ight th rwi u tru i pr i , ust e on t h e o e n t h e ma e m e s of e o o so e r call , th r ha d , ny xa pl a d v ti n f rvid w e in s a e of mo e e e e e o not m e n that thi g r r strain d f ling c uld atch it , wh t h e prie st at t h e altar would occasionally stain th e corporal with h is e s e o e e e e d t e e for t h e t ar , whil th rs w r r a y o giv the ir liv s faith which e e so e a T h e de o on e t t h e m ssa s in t h e s e th y h ld d r . v ti s add d o i l hap of colle cts which might be use d a t t h e discre tion of t h e prie st (pity that the y should be said in Latin) 1) were in many cases of e xtraordin ary e b auty . It is not tobe suppose d tha t th e R e formation adde d anything t oth e e ou e me of th e e e It u n e e e mo r ligi s s nti nt p opl . was succe ssf l i d d in r ving from the ir d evotions th e su perstitious accre tions which had gath e re d o n e m in th e lo c o se of m It m d e e e m e ss on on r u d th ng ur ti e . a a d p i pr i up ome a mon th e mo e o e e a e It av e t h e B e t oth e e . s g r duc t d classe s . g ibl p pl I ’ t ope ne d m e n s min ds ; b u t its Chie f 1 e su lt on th e pe ople ge n era lly w a s t odiminish the i 1 re ve re nce a n d the i1 affe ction for the ir church a nd it s se e e in t h e c se f t h e n e t h e e n a e a e rvic s , whil a o obl s a nd g try it pp l d

1 l ish l i ’ a ad e s w e 1 e fa mous for t h e ir a urifrygiu m O l l h ryg ian work in solid gol d w re or ol t hre a wh ic h bore t h e n ame f lic u i g d d o O p us ang m . 0 THE R , O Y O F 9 ST STRATTO N . CHURCH __

' on l to e r e e O f the y th i gr d . stripping of t h e church in Stratton and th e dispersal of it s orname nts at th e R e formation w e shall have -t o tell in ‘ o e C e bu t w e ma e e t oth e e m e set b He nr an th r hapt r, y r f r —xa pl y yVIII De fender of t h e Faith as he c alle d himse lf losing toSir Mile s Partridge - one of th e e o e e e e e an th e m e at cast dic f ur gr at b lls , call d J sus b lls , d i ag ’ ’

f . o . P om th e to of Pa e e e o St aul fr p ul s st pl in L ndon .

APPENDIX C

THEfollowmg account of th e artistic culture of th e English arising ou t of th eir Ch u rch a n d of th e a o e ffe on t h e s e s of th e , _ dis str us ct arti tic tast pe ople of th e pillage of the churches is abridged from a chapter in ’

. e sso s B e ore the Great P illa e Dr J p f g , B e o e t h e e e e o e e a comm f r s v nth c ntury cl s d _ ach S xon unity h ad e ome e e t h e . riest a disci lin ar _ o of b c a parish , sup rvis d by p with . p y b dy o e e d h im e in o e e h e w as functi nari s b hin , and a church lif which , h w v r

o o m o e x a ctions ‘ th e re w as o e for Se - o e gr und d wn by an rial , sc p lf g v rn me e e e o o e - e e - e e e —es e nt , ind p nd nt rganisati n , s lf h lp , s lf r lianc , s lf r p ct , as a me mb er of a spiritual community ove r which not e ve n a Norman 1 ‘ ‘ 6rd of th e manor nor any othe r political magnate . had any sort of ' e - xclusive authority . This community was a se lf governe d community e m e e e t e me m an or. om o e u in which v ry adult b r , wh th r w an, had a v ic , b ” kept at th e same tim e under a syste m of insp e ction and re straint by a c e e e r e t e ntral ccl siastical autho ity outsid h parish boundaries . Th e e f t w s prop rty o h e parish gre w an d w as always growing . It a not th e o e of th e e of th e w as e pr p rty pri st but parish , and h ld in trust for th e th e ch u rch virarde n s e e e th e m ee t o parish by , l ct d in parish ting e e e e e e It w as e e for which th y r nd r d y ar by y ar a strict account . v ry rar , any ma n or woman of substance e nough t o make a will t o forge t t o e e l ave some sort of le gacy t o th e church community a s such . V ry ’ o m f r e c m on o instance were th e b e qu ests of a poor woman s w dding ring . " — T h e parish churche s we re not built by th e monks th e constant om -of th e be n efi ce d e w as th e mo e e for c plaint , cl rgy against nast ri s o e f e e Nor e e e t e s e r bbing th m o their ndowm nts . w r th y built by h quir s in I th e thirte e nth an d fourt ee nth ce nturie s there were n o squires . n th e fourte enth ce ntury there were incomparably fewer rich m en in th e - “ o r T e e th e r e a n d e e e a e now . h c untry than th r parish s built chu ch s , k pt ' e m e e o be e m th e o a n d e o th in r pair if th y sh uld r iss , bish ps archd ac ns e e e T h Ei c a l R e ist ers are e m t o o m t e t . e s o r quir d th p rf r h ir du y p p , g full of e of e are o de e t o b e e e re —oo e d re instanc s church s that r r d nlarg d , r f , e fi e e e r or m e om n . glaz d , r built aft r a ischi f fr lightni g It w as th e int ere st of th e parishioners in the ir church life -and in the ir ‘ ch Urch that lift e d the m u p a bove th e poor and de grading conditions t owhic h they were re duce d by manorial e xactions and th e squalor in o e e s of se - o e me th e the ir homes . With ut th se int rests and right lf g v rn nt e o e m e e ome mo e s d odde p pl ust hav infallibly b c r brutal , tup i , s n , and th e e f t h e e a e e e e e o . e o cru l with e v ry succ ssive g n rati n All t nd ncy _f ud l ‘ s e m w a s t o kee the eo le down all th e en e of th e C yst p p p , t d ncy hurch o syste m w as t olift the pe ple u p. " Th e e vidence is abundant and positive and is increasing year b

92 T HE STO R Y O F S TR ATTO N CHUR CH

to wi a m o for Co e of re sc t for th e e a e paid . lli rchard a py a p p r cus nt s ” “ a d for on on e of th e e e e ij d . p i ( ) constables xpen ces and hors m t whe n w e were Com a u nde d t oCom t oL eskerd for th e re cusante s iij s. It se e ms from an e ntry in 1 5 9 6 that th e nave of th e church was still liable t ob e use d by th e Justice s for th e transaction of public busine ss and further that on Such occasions the y had no scruple s as t o par taking at th e public e xpe nse of what they m ay have considere d ne edful e e me th e a e d P e for e of e r fr sh nt within s cr building , ayd a quart win whe n th e Justice s sate at Church aboute the rate for th e com e and th e t i l er x p s d . Entries appearing fromtime t o_time of payments for re lief from th e e of 1 8 e ffor th e oe ar sh e ffor not w e arin e w aring caps , 5 9 paid wh l p y g f i v 1 8 t o t h e m lw111 f e for o Capps j s. j d . 5 7 far er Co or a discharg ’ ’ w e ar n e f at t f r s ar h e re e ne A t in th e y g o h s o thi p ys xx d . a xplai d by an c thirtee nth ye ar of Elizab eth prescribing t h e we aring of caps knytt thicke d and dresse d in England upon Sabbaths and holydays by e ve ry e o e e e o e e o e o e e me of p rs n xc pt ladi s , n bl p rs nag s , l rds , knights and g ntl n th e o on of 20 m of t h e e u on of o e e p siti arks land by y ar, p pain f rf itur for e e n t e th e m f of th e d . T h e o e v ry day o so w aring su o 3s. 4 bj ct - o Act was t o revive th e trade of cap making which h ad fallen . int

de cay owing t oth e disuse of caps . T h e payme nt in 1 5 89 to th e h ow sse of corre ccyon th e gaille ” vii ii e t o v . m e f c e t e j s . j d shows that att rs o lo al polic were b e ing a t nd d oe in th e midst of th e war ; cf . 1 597 paid t o John westlake t o g

‘ aboute th e lande for William Cooke for St e allinge of Apples toknowe

t t . f th e h e t ru h e ij d . Me ntion is alsomade in 1 5 86 of th e m akin ge o o th e e a n d th e l e in e st oole x s 1 8 of th e st ck pill r p g j , and again in 5 9 R e r n t e le i i t ll l v vii pe y g of h pillar p nns ow e butts T ymba r yng j s. j ” 8 i l 1 h e 1 0 th f th e k n t e 1 . and m 5 t o e making o Coo ge s oo j s . vj d T butt ' - th e e d o t h e e e n th e c oo in was chair , call als l pi g and cu king st l , which e m e of e e e e e t o b e e a nd e th e e th e f al f nd rs w r liabl ti d duck d in wat r , 1 proce ss b e ing repe ate d until they were within re ach of be ing drowne d .

Incontine ncy . w as also punishable by whipping and th e provision of passports pas bote s in th e accounts) for th e re moval of th e offender om th e th e u se of h e or sh e m o th e fr parish , by which ight pr fit by f 1 t e m ome charity o b ene vole nt folk n other districts owhich th y ight c , 1 6 0 f t s ot e f w o e in cf . 4 paid or making of w o pa b s or t that Liv d i ii 1 8 e t o e e for h er re lie ffe contine ntly together j d . 59 gav Jan furs

that w as whippe d se nt from We st Down e t oT re wroe bi pasbot e ij ( 1 . O nly once dow e find anyt hing l n th e nature of a payme nt for th e sanita o of th e o b e o e e t m e of se ckn es 1 1 ti n t wn and that , it bs rv d , in y , 59 th e ow lde be dl me t o m e e e e th e e t h e t me of pd . y ad l n str tt in y ’ se ckn vii o e e e t w o o : no o th e es j d . (this w uld r pr s nt days w rk) d ubt only drains ran in t h e op e n stre ets and e mptie d the mse lve s 1 I1 th e little t e n e e ore t h e st ockw ai e rive r at h e bottom of th e town . T y ars b f this d ns

had paid 0 3 oo 0 0 for P avein g th e Stre e t e s and me nding t h e Picks . Th e stockw ard e n s took re gular care of t h e bridge s round t h e town ’ t e x ii P e 0 0 1 2 0 6 B B d e h e o d e v s . d . t wn bri g , j j , inch bridg , , ryant s ri g

1 Th e offe n er mi h t T h e original conne ction of t h e word cu cking is w ith cu ckoo. d g be ch arge d w it h w it ch ery or u nfaith ful ness or W1 th not hing more serious t h an be ing a “ ” f om boat a swin is scold. B u t is t h e Cornish wor still in u se for a cart r d , ; g “ ” cons tan tl t erm e a ru e -b u t ru e be n also an old wor e x ressive of t h e h sica l y d , i g d p p y e motion of grief by swaying b ackw ards and forew ards. A PPEND I CES 93

’ ’ ’ 0 0 1 2 0 W B e 0 0 0 oo o e O lde s e R 9 , iddis ridg 5 , h wl s ( ) bridg , ad s bridge on e pound T e n shillings e ach in their turn came unde r re pair . m e su m e o e in 1 2 for P e C e A uch larg r is b st w d 7 3 aving y aus y , , C of o e for e e a i e me 8 1 0 aring St n s , br aking y C usey fill ng y sa 5 5 5 1 (this would presumably be th e causeway across t h e Marshe s at Efford) .

A gre at de al of mone y w as spe nt in 1 6 77 in t h e building of an . Alme s o e e e o e o e e me o e e h us , j ust a c ntury b f r J hn Av ry rais d his Al s h us fair for B uilding th e Walls of Alme s _house and for He aling th e same

i 0 0 . It i e e f r in t o e 6 1 0 . s o t mbr g h e sd. h us 3 vid nt that at time s th e stockw arden s posse sse d ve ry conside rable balance s in the ir - s o box ou t of_w h ich e o o e m l m of mo e . tr ng , th y ccasi nally l nt s a l su s n y 1 70 5 Tooke ou t then of ye Towe r t o lend t o John Hoppin one Band ” 2 (O n bond) fi ve Pounds . Th e division by th e stockw ardens of th e surplus in th e ir ' h ands in 1 1 w as mo e e o o e e th e mo e e e e 7 4 a r qu sti nable, pr c ding ; a unt r pr s nt d a e of 1 1 2 out of e of th e E me n oo fou rt e e n e balanc £ , which ach ight t k pounds for which h e e ngage d t o p ay intere st one shilling 13 poun d h E t o a th e e e h ee at t e nd of e ach Ye are . And also p y in principl Wh n ” e t h t f th E e m a shall b e e re vnt ore quire d by h e re st o e ight men . W y o e oth e me 1 6 to th e r n s 1 6 2 t o n t als pay nt in 5 9 bull y g x , and in 5 W O f r i f e th e me me o alter rchard o k lling o a fox j s. ( sa pay nt ccurs three time s again in We may bring ou r account of th e stock ’ warde ns finance t o an e nd with an e ntry which shows that a nam e which still clings t o a familiar coin h a s come down from th e sixte e nth e n e e me 1 6 1 for x i e t e st ron s e w e c tury and arli r ti s , 5 payd j bas wych R e ce vyd off th e w ardyns

APPENDIX E

TH E O L D VI CARA G E

SOM E account m a y be give n here of th e old Vicarage house which stood o th e e s e n d of e e e t oth e facing s uth at a t a gard n , sinc add d churchyard , e o th e s e l and b l w churchyard a it th n w as. T h e od Vicarage w as take n down in 1 846 whe n th e pre se nt Vicarage w as built on t h e other side of t h e o in w s e of th e e e Th e l fi th r ad what a th n part gl b . od g tree n ow in e o in th e e T e R e v od e o m e . o churchyard st f r r Vicarag gard n h . Jac b e e e w h o e in 1 8 w as th e la st o th e ne w St ph n Hawk r , di d 45 , ccupant , c e f r i e o h s e th e R e v R . . in 1 8 6 . o . Vi arag b ing built succ ss r, H Killick , 4 A drawing m a de from re colle ction of t h e old house is in th e posse ssion of th e e I . t e e m a s w a s_describ e d t oh im e m of th e old writ r s s it , lik any

1 G S l - . . G ber sa s t h a t run e l l buil t a mil l n c us t u c 1 a d a e a B e . t y y 426 . B u t h e i t A d d ” th irte e n th -ce n t u r ch art er of L a ure t ou l 1 l o n t i n t h G in . a s me o s e caus y dy T ( d g , p 9) e y . Can t his h ave b t h m a r a l i t t — e e n e o n o e a n S . o on B . S R d d g P . ’ oh n o in s is in re ce i t of ch arit in 1 0 on accoun t of h is ch i re n s sickn s J H pp g p y 7 9 ld e s , g ay e to J oh n o in s Chil re n be in in a Cal lamit us Con it ion Ver ick T e n ” H pp g d g d y S 5 h 1 llin s g . estern a brass coin cove re w th si ve r fi rs st ruck in th e re i n of e nr T , d i l , t g H y VIII . T h e n ame w as iv n to shillin d i t t e s an s x e n c es . I n 1 6 0 h e t e s on of 6d w a t g g p 5 . s e du ced t o 4 §d . T h e nam e of teston w as give n to t h e n e w coins of L ouis XII of France be cause t h e bore th e h e a of t h a t rince bu t th e n ame m u st h a ve be e n ive n to t h e y d p , g " En lish coin in m e re ca ri ce as all mone in t h is cou n tr bore t h e h e a of t h So i g p , y y d e vere gn . k t ’ ” e a c f. h ak 2 enr h ol t h ere s a tester for th ee . S , S , H y IV, III d , 94 T HESTO RY O F sT RATTO N CHUR CH

e o e t o- e e e e mo e low —oo e d o e Vicarag h us s , _hav b n littl r than a r f c ttag , one oom e t e e e e ot h e - h d e o oom . r wid , passag b hin l ading int s c nd sitting r e e e e o e s e d h t o Furth r w st w r th r building , partially attach by an arc th e w n m e O th e w as m o Ne ow e o . e e . o f Inn , d lish d v r arch a cha b r N rth e e o e oo n t h e e w as row O f m o e e i e th s buildings , v rl ki g lan , a al sh us s , lik w s P o ’ vanishe d . ossibly one of these buildings was J hn Avery s Alme s Th e e e t t a e e e house . ntranc o h e churchyard w s by a pathway b tw n e e tw o m e r e it e e o o o s o o . th s gr ups , r l ss in pr s nt p siti n This ne ighbouring of house s on a church was a more fre que nt practice old me m now be o e e e of a o or in ti s than ight supp s d , wh n id as s nitati n suppose d dange r from fi re have gone t oofar in th e dire ction of clear e e t h e of o e e o o e o anc , d priving church th s acc ss ry n t s which w uld ’ it C e me n e o have otherwise give n scale and se tting . Saint l t s n ar Trur it s o e s e e e ood e of with Church H us and pa sag und r, giv s a g id a what m e e e o ust hav xist d at Stratt n .

G EN ERA L IND EX

dvow son 1 1 6 1 21 Cand e s 6 8 8 s cks A , 3, , 7, , 35, l , 3 , 3 , 4 ; ti , 57 bum ona s er um Bla nch min Ca rl h an Carl od , oh n ; Al M t i yg ( y ) J , 73 s e r R c ard ca r 0 2— t i h (Vi ) , 3 , 7 3 A lle t Sir o n 2 aruca e 1 , J h , 3 C t , 3 a r c o s 6 6 a a use Alt l th , 3 , 37, 5 ; p ll, C y, 93

8 a mond - S ir oh n 1 8 3 Ch , J , 3 , . 44 , 4 , l h A ure d t e arsh a I 6 R ch a rd 8 n . 1 M l , 4 73, 7 ; i 4 , 5 ndre w de Ga nes car 2 an 0 0 86 A y (Vi ) , 7 Ch try, 5 , 7 , d ’ ff rma a 6 a e of . e onard s Eord 8 A , 4 Ch p l St L , , 7 ’ runde of T r ri e 8 a s B ud 8 e c 8 . c e e A ll , 44 , 7 , 7 ; St Mi h l , , 7 Edw a rd 6 H um h re 1 or 2 - 0 88 , 4 p y, 5 Ch i , 3 , 39 , 4 ,

' ‘ ane 6— o n 8 ir u c e s 1 6 8 J , 7 7 J h , 7 S Ch r h Al , 3 , 4 , 4 o n 6— Sir o n H us J h , 7 7 J h , 77 o e , a d 6 M ar a r 8 Warde ns 60 0 L y, 4 ; g y, 7 , 4 5, 57, , 9 as e 0 8 R c a rd 6 e rk 60 6 86 M t r, 4 , 4 ; i h , 4 ; Cl , , 3, omas 8 I 8 olsh ull Emma 22 22 Th : 4 1 S , 551 7 C , , ; , er oh n a ms ouses 2 8 Av y, J , 59 ; l h , 93, 44 a 7 7 rs Ro a 1 94 Commissione , y l , 5 , 53, 55 omm un on 86 B oo s C i , 53, ; k , 57, 88 73. B a nne s 6 s affs 6 6 n e B oo 2 6 r , 3 , 39 ; t , 3 , 39, 5 Co t k , 9, 3 . 39. 44 , 49 B e acon 6 6 or oras 8 cases , 4 , 7 C p , 3 ; , B e ddman 60 85 ia] 8 , 39 , , cotid , 3 B e de ro 6 ra f smen : B rooouse 6 1 o n ll , 4 C t kh , ; J h 5 2 6 11 1 oh n D a w es 0 B e 0 0 n. C ow ibl , 5 , 5 , , 74 h y , 3 , 47 ; J , 3 ; B inh am 21 22 2 8 o n D romand 2 Geo e th e y, , , 44, 7 , 7 J h , 3 ; rg B sho s 2 6 66 8 B oncs ain e 8 oh n one 62 i p , 5 , 5, , , 9 ; r p t r, 5 ; J H y, oombe 1 B tton 2 ohn one s 8 B a s en a ure nce , 7 y , 7 ; J J , 5 ; t L , overda e 2 G randisson o n e at 66 o n oc C l , 5 , 55 ; , 57 ; J h M y , ; J h M k , 2 O sbe rn 1 uivil o n Pares 0 Hercu es 3 ; , 4 ; Q , 37 ; J h , 3 ; l a e on I 6 T ur e v e 2 P asmore 6 1 62 Ro e r Pa ne St pl t , ; b r ill , 5 , , ; b t y , Wa relw ast 1 2 Pe a rse the one r 6 , 3 3 j i , 7 Blanchminster G ande w n 21 ross 6 1 own , y , C , 3 , 39, 4 ; T 54 G u 22 sa e a 21 S ir Cr ch e House 6 y, ; I b ll , y , 45, 4 o n 22 Sir Ra 1 1 r k Wa e r car 2 8 J h , ; lph ( I ) 7, 9, C y , lt (Vi ) , 7 , 7 20 21 22 2 Sir Ra uc n e a n s oo 2 , , , 3 ; lph C ki g ( l pi g ) t l , 9 21 2 Sir Re na d 21 , 7, 44 , 45 ; gi l , , 2 3 R be on 0 Devonshire e lli , 5 , 54 B e ues 2 q t, 7, 4 5 omesda oo D y b k , C ar Records 21 22 2 h ity , , , 44, 7 D u e of ornwa k C ll, 35, 75 B ode R c ard car 21 , i h (Vi ) , B odm n —8 2 88 i , 37 , 4 , B r d es 2— Edw a rd VI 1 o‘ i g , 9 3 , 3 : 35, 43) 49) s s, 73 Bu s 2 Efford 1 21 8 tt , 9 , 3, ; 33. 7 . 93 GENERAL I NDEX 97

El k r or an Rober E of 1 2 os e i . g y, 45 M t i , t , 4 , 5 Ei h tmen S tockw a rde ns us c 8 g , M i , 57, 7 E — M ll R d a be h . 0 8 e c a liz t , Q 49, 5 , 57 y , i h r , 73 Ee er 8 0 8 0 6 86 x t , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5 ,

N c o as Po e I 6 i h l , p , o m ans 1 1 N r , 2, 4

O r ans 0 8 88 g , 3 , 4 ,

Ge rendus oh n car 6 — , J (Vi ) , 55, 5 , 73 5 G e be 1 l , 3, 45 Pasca T a er 8 l p , 3 , 57 G env e Sir B ev S ir r ill , il , 74 P ass or s 2 p t , 9 R c a rd 6 6 omas 6 i h , 4 , 5 ; Th , 5, Pa ne ndre w Ro e 2 y , A , 74 ; b rt, 3 6 ’ 7 Pe e r s far n s 2 t thi g , 5 G u ds 1 il , 3 P c ure i t , 37 P a r 2 ill , 9 Pr es s m ass 8 —6 a s 8 i t , , 5 ; p ri h, 7, H ar and 28 2 tl , , 3 , 44 9 H e nr I 1 y , 3 P x 6 2 6 c o 6 y y 3 1 37: 4 1 551 5 ; l th, 3 H enr III 20 y , H enr 2 0 0 y VIII . 35. 4 . 49 . 5 . 77. 9 H oss fra e rn of 6 2n igh Cr , t ity , 47, . , Ra e Wa e 6 l igh , Sir lt r, 5 2 8 w a rde ns 1 0 7 , 5 ; , 3 , 4 4, 6 Recusan s 1 2 t , 9 , 9 Holme don h o ma — , y de ns of O ur Re forma on 6 8 8 l i ti , 35, 3 , 49 5 , 9 ad of 1 L y , 3 , 4 7 Res ora on 80 t ti , 33, 34 , Hri se lin ( s n n ) re a d 6 g y gy g , 4 Rob nson Rev as Re v. b 3 , 5 , , . e 74 ; gg i J p r, aure nce L , 74 Rood c o 6 l th, 55, 5

nce nse 6 0 1 I , 3 , 4 , 4 nve n or e s 6 0 1 S acerin be s 6 0 1 I t i , 3 , 39 , 4 , 5 g ll , 3 , 4 , 4 acra me n 6 88 S t, 3 , 37, 39, a c s an 2 S ri t , 4

oh n K . 1 1 20 a n ndre w 1 ma e J , , 3, 7, S i t A , 3 ; i g , 39, 56 me ll 1 . A r u d of St , 3 ; g il , Ke m thornes 8 ma e 0 p , 7 i g , 3 , 4 7

. oum O ver a or 0 St C l b ( M j ) , 3 G or e u a . e d m e St g , g il , 4 7 ; i g , L an eston oh n car 2 g , J (Vi ) , 7 54 a unc on P e s r or 1 1 6 1 . Ke w 0 L t i y, 3, , 7, 35, St , 3 a nc u ar a nd 1 4 5. 73 S t y l , 3, 4 5 a a rs 6 — L z , 3 S a xons, I I 1 2 en o 1 6 e u ch r c o 2 L t Cl th, 4 , 55, 5 S p l e l th , 4 , 55 e rmons 86 S , S e rv ce o s 2 i bo k , 4 a nor O f S tra tton 1 1 22 ex on 60 M , 4 , 7, S t , a rh a m c urch 6 amfod H M h , 5 , 74 St r ill , 59 , 74 ar n Re v — y , . Wm . ca r toc s 6 2 M t (Vi ) , 5 S k , 3, 9 a r ’ M y, Q ° 4 , S tockw a rden s accoun s 0 9 747 77 t , 3 , 44 , ass 6 8 88 - M , 5 , 5 , 59 68 Meneda 8 86 u t a c 0 y, 5, S i , bl k , 4 , 47 98 T HE STO RY O F STRATTO N CHUR CH

T a a on of v n 1 6 0 6 86 88 ser elles sur x ti li i g, 4 , 55, 5 , , ; p ( T e m e s a s lices 0 - 6 88 s oes pl t ir , 45 p ) , 39, 4 , 55, 5 , ; t l , T en commandm n s 8 0 e t , 5 397 4 Th urlibeare 8 car 1 6 1 8 2 8 2 6 — , 7 Vi , , , 4 , 4 , 5 , 9 75 ure B ar oome w 20 uc 20 ca ra e — T t, th l , ; L y, , Vi g , 93 4 a n 2 93 Visit tio s, 5

s W 2 Wa ddon 8 m . car , 7 (Vi ) , 7 esse s : B as n 6 ch a ce 6 V l i , 3 ; li , 3 , 57 ; Wa r Fre nc —8 r sh 6 , h , I i , 3 censers senses 6 0 1 6 ( ) , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 ; a sh 6 6 — Sp ni , 3, 4 5 cu 8 60 crue s 6 fire p, 5 , ; t , 3 , 57 ; 8 Wa unford o n 8 os. , J h , 7 ; Th , 7 an o w a er uc e 6 p , 55 ; h ly t b k t, 3 , Wa x 8 8 . 3 . 4 . 57 6 am 6 2 an rn 55, 5 ; , 3 , 4 , 5 ; e , l p 5 l t W 21 e e S t. a r k M y, , 45 6 2 sconce 6 sh 6 3 ; 4 . 55 ; . 3 ; i . 3 . p W a I 1 2 illi m , 4 , 5 4 I W am I II 6 illi , 7 es men s 8 8 alb 0 8 V t t , 39, 4 , 9 ; , 4 , 4 ; c asub e co es 0 h l , 39 ; p , 4 ; ho bs o s 0 roc e es Ve ds 1 y ( by ) , 39 , 4 h tt , 39, l , 3 , 47

ERS L YM O UT ENGL A ND L I R NDO N ND S O N L T D . PRINT P H WIL A M B E A , , , ,

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