New Officials Training Manual

Name: ______

Table of Contents

Class Outline 1 Arbiter Instructions 4 NFHS Signals 27 NFHS Rule Changes, Points of Emphasis 29 Texas Exceptions to NFHS Rules 32 Court Diagram 33 Two Person Mechanics 34 Pre-Game Checklist 40 Most Misunderstood Rules 44 Training Schedule (Subject to Change) Location: Nolan Catholic High School Time: 6:00 – 8:00 PM

Week 1

1. Introduction a. Administrative Secretary b. Assignment Secretary c. Training Staff 2. Meeting Dates 3. Official Supplies 4. Personal Appearance 5. Physical Conditioning 6. Training Packet 7. Accounting & Taxes 8. Point System & Membership Divisions 9. Mechanics 10. Jump Ball Administration (Rule 6-3) a. Referee blows whistle, steps in to make toss b. Umpire raises hand, chops in clock, call back bad toss (if necessary) c. Umpire goes to L, Referee to T and checks possession arrow d. If Umpire goes with ball into backcourt, goes to T and checks arrow, Referee to L

Week 2

1. Out of Bounds and Throw-Ins (Rules 7-6, 9-2, & 9-3) a. T and L areas of responsibility in frontcourt b. L moving to T side c. T and L out of bounds lines and throw-ins d. Calling violations and throw-ins i. Moving to opposite end of floor without press ii. Moving to opposite end of floor with press iii. T calling violations in backcourt 2. Official Signals

1 Week 3

1. Foul Calling and Reporting (Rules 4-19, 4-24, & 10) a. T calls foul table side, no shot b. L calls foul opposite table, no shot c. T calls foul opposite table, no shot d. L calls foul table side, no shot e. T calls shooting foul, both sides f. L calls shooting foul, both sides g. T and L calls shooting foul – switching 2. Official Signals

Week 4

1. Free Throws (Rules 4-20, 8, & 9-1) a. T positioning on both shots (stepping down), violations/rebounding responsibility, and signaling b. L administration and positioning on both shots (stepping in), violations/rebounding responsibility, and resuming play 2. Official Signals

Week 5

1. Time-out Procedures (Rules 4-43, 5-8, & 5-11) a. T grants time-out, watch players leave floor, communicate with partner, talk to table b. L grants time-out, watch players leave floor, communicate with partner, partner talk to table c. Time-out positions, who has ball and positioning d. First horn, subs e. Second horn 2. Scoring and Timing (Rule 5) a. 3-point attempt b. Stepping in on shots c. Communicating made shot to partner d. Last second shot communication 3. Official Signals

2 Week 6

1. Pregame Discussion a. Changing arrow at halftime b. End of game c. Postgame discussion 2. Mechanics – step in on shots 3. Review all signals 4. Review jump ball 5. Review frontcourt positioning 6. Review full-court positioning

Week 7

1. Review free throws (Rule 8) 2. Review time-out procedures 3. Review scoring and timing (Rule 5) 4. Review fouls and penalties (Rule 10) 5. Mechanics – closely guarded count

Week 8 (CANCELLED)

1. Review foul calling and reporting 2. Pre-Game 3. Q&A

3 www.ArbiterSports.com Officiating Management Software

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www.ArbiterSports.com

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14 • Select the Month you want to block dates for – you will find this option to select on the right-hand of the screen right below the Date Range box. • Then choose under “Action” what type of block you would like to do – “Block All Day”, “Block Part Day”, or “Clear Blocks”.

Set the Date Range for the “Block All Day” Action

15 It now shows the applied “All Day” Block for the selected Date Range.

Remember!

• First – Select the type of block you need “Block All Day”, “Block Part Day”, or select “Clear Blocks”

• Next – Select the date range for that selection, if you selected “Block Part Day” don’t forget to include the time “From” & “To”. Click apply to apply your settings.

• Then – Once you are done Select “Exit”

16 Print your Blocks Summary

Select an output format

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Note: clicking on the site will display the site’s contact information and permit display of a map of the site location 19 Then press “Submit” FWBOA policy is to accept or decline games within 10 days of the assignment.

After ‘submit’ the accepted game displays the date it was accepted and the declined game has been removed

20 Check for Notes

21 Now, print your schedule ...

Select the date range and format, then press “Print Preview”

22 Game #123454328 is now added to your schedule!

23 www.ArbiterSports.com

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24 Roster of Officials

Clicking the ‘C’ letter displays only those officials whose last names begin with ‘C’

25 26 27 28 NFHS Points of Emphasis - 2016-17

1. Acknowledging and Granting Timeout criteria. Granting a time-out is an aspect of the game allowed by rule where knowledge of ball position, player control and dead/live ball criteria can all be factors in awarding the requested timeout. Consideration has been given regarding continuing the opportunity for a head coach to call a time-out. The committee wanted to maintain the current time-out criteria. When a ball is live, player control is required. A player or the head coach of the team in possession may request and be granted a time-out. When the ball is dead, the crew must maintain its coverage areas on the court but also be aware of the opportunity for a head coach to request a time-out. This request can be oral or visual, but must be verified by the ruling official. If the request meets criteria, a time-out should be granted.

2. Technical Fouls. This area of the rules book has been restructured to better define the different types of technical fouls. Administrative technical fouls include roster changes in the scorebook, more than five (5) players on the court, and violation after a team warning for delay. This results in a team foul as well as the administration of two (2) free throws and the ball at the division line for a throw-in. The head coach does not lose the opportunity to stand in the coaching box due to an administrative technical being assessed. A player technical foul counts as one of his/her five (5) fouls towards disqualification. This type of technical foul also counts towards the team foul total. A bench technical foul counts towards the team total. Examples of a bench technical foul are unsporting act/conduct by a non-player, grasping the basket or dunking, and leaving the bench area during a fight. The head coach loses the opportunity to stand in the coaching box during live ball situations if a bench technical foul is assessed. The Technical-Foul Penalty Summary chart is a good reference guide for review and use in pregame conferences.

3. Replacing a Disqualified or Injured Player. In the case of disqualification or removing a player for injury, a coach will have 15 seconds (Previously 20 seconds) to insert a replacement player into the game. If it is a player’s disqualifying foul, the ruling official shall report the foul to the official scorer and then notify the coach that the player has been disqualified. This begins the 15-second replacement interval. If the replacement is for an injured player, as soon as the coach has tended to the injured player and is able to resume coaching duties, the ruling official shall request the timer to sound the horn to begin the 15-second replacement interval. If a replacement player has not been made available, the timer shall sound the horn at the conclusion of the 15 seconds.

29 4. Protecting the Free Thrower. This continues to be an area of emphasis. The rule change last year was implemented to protect the free thrower. On release of the ball by the player attempting the free throw, the defender “boxing out” shall not cross the free-throw line into the semicircle until the ball contacts the ring. In addition, officials should be aware that contact and displacement of the free thrower is illegal and shall be enforced.

5. Post Play. This was an area of improvement last year and continues to be an area of awareness and enforcement. A review of the criteria is as follows: An opponent is displaced from a legally established or obtained position An arm-bar is extended and displaces an opponent A locked and/or extended elbow displaces an opponent A leg or knee is used in the rear of an opponent to hold or displace Holding, hooking, slapping, pinning or pushing the leg or body of an opponent An offensive post player “backs-down” and displaces the defender once that defender has obtained a legal guarding position

30 NFHS Rules Changes - 2016-17

1-20 NEW: Non-playing personnel, e.g., spirit participants, media, shall remain outside of the playing area during a 30-second or less time-out during the game. Non-playing personnel shall stand outside the free throw lane lines extended toward the sidelines throughout the game. Rationale: Making officials aware of the standards set for the spirit participants allows the official to manage them when they may not be in an appropriate place. 2-12-5: Sound a warning signal to begin the 20 15 seconds (maximum) permitted for replacing a disqualified or injured player, or for a player directed to leave the game. Rationale: The amount of time presently given is too long and allows for gamesmanship to be deployed. 3-5-6: Undershirts shall be a single solid color similar to the torso of the jersey and shall be hemmed and not have frayed or ragged edges. If the undershirt has sleeves, they shall be the same length. A visible manufacturer’s logo/trademark/reference is not permitted on the undershirt. See 3-6 for logo requirements. Rationale: This would now allow all extra apparel that is worn to have one logo. Last year we simplified the color requirements to be consistent on all sleeves, tights, wristbands and headwear. This would be one more step to assist our officials in simplifying the enforcement of the uniform rules. 3-5-7: Compression shorts shall be a single solid color similar to the predominant color of the uniform; the length shall be above the knee. Undergarments shall not extend below the pants/skirt. See 3-6 for logo requirements. Rationale: This rule is no longer needed and would simplify the enforcement of the uniform rules for our officials. Compression shorts will be added to rule 3-5-3. 9-1-3h NEW: Players occupying marked free-throw lane line spaces may not enter the free- throw semicircle until the ball touches the ring or until the free throw ends. Rationale: The addition of this information makes the rule complete and easy to understand.

31 UIL/Texas Exceptions to NFHS Rules

1. Six-foot coaching box centered on either the first or second seat nearest the division line. (Sub-Varsity and Middle School Coaches Only) 2. Foul reporting area: Clear the players and go above the free-throw line extended outside the 3-point line. (Both 2 & 3 person) 3. Officials should only switch on shooting fouls and the foul-calling official will go table side. If foul-calling official is already on table side there will be no switch. (2 person) 4. Time-out procedure in both 2-Person & 3-Person during a 30-second time-out, go to the top of the 3-point circle. On a 60-second time-out, go to free-throw lane blocks opposite the bench area. In 3-Person, one official stays at the throw-in spot or at the end-line that free-throws will be taken. In 2-Person put the ball on the floor at throw-in spot or on the free-throw line if free- throws are going to be attempted. 5. Two-handed foul reporting, all other reporting mechanics remain the same. 6. 3-Person mechanics on new NFHS rule change. Texas will not use the new switch, we will not make a long switch when calling a foul in the backcourt at "Lead". The official that called the foul at "Lead" will clear players to report to the table as we have been doing then go back and become the "Trail" official.

32 33 Pregame

34 Jump Ball

35 Primary Court Coverage

Free Throw Coverage

39 PREGAME CONFERENCE

Court Coverage

Trail’s Primary Responsibilities (2 person): Sideline And Division Line Last Second Shot Drives Starting In Primary Bring Subs In Weak Side Rebound Coverage Lead’s Primary Responsibilities (2 person): Endline And Sideline Post Play Illegal Screens At Elbows

Stay In Your Primary, It Must Be Obvious To Come Out Of Your Primary

Double Whistles

Let’s both hold our preliminary signal and not give a block or player control signal. Make eye contact with each other. Give the call to whoever has the primary coverage, unless you definitely have something different that happened first (e.g. push from behind before block/charge). Opposite signals: Assess both fouls. Count the basket if the ball was released before the contact. Resume with the Point of Interruption.

Pass And Crash

Let’s have the Lead official follow the pass, stay with the ball. The Trail will be responsible for the crash.

Out-Of-Bounds Help

If I have no idea and I look to you for help, just give a directional signal. No need to come to me. Just point. If I signal but I get it wrong, then blow the whistle and come to me. Tell me what you saw and let me decide if I’m going to change it.

Press Coverage

Help each other. New Lead will wait at midcourt.

Technical Fouls

40 If I T a coach, get me away from the coach. The situation is heated and I don’t want to whack the coach back-to-back. Let’s move away from the benches. Non calling official should inform the coach that the coaching box privilege has been lost. Let’s get together and make sure we administer the penalty or penalties correctly and in the correct order and at the correct basket. If one official issues a warning to somebody (player or coach), make sure the other official knows. If I’ve already warned the coach, the coach shouldn’t get a free shot at you.

Two-Point / Three-Point Shot

If one official incorrectly signals the number of points, the other official will simply blow the whistle immediately, discuss the play with our partner, come to a decision, signal the correct number of points to the table, and resume the game. We will only correct if we are 100% sure.

Goaltending And Basket Interference

99% of the time, the Trail will be responsible for the call. Lead can help out on a quick shot in transition, when Trail hasn’t made it into the frontcourt yet. Let’s remember that it’s never basket interference or goaltending to slap the backboard. Coaches and fans always want it, but we can’t award the points.

Last Shot

99% of the time, the Trail will be responsible for the call. Let’s both have an opinion, in case Trail’s not sure. How will we handle a full-court pass when the Trail is stuck in the backcourt?

Foul Mechanics

Preliminary signal given at spot of foul for all common fouls. Calling official must designate throwin spot or number of shots. Noncalling official, get the shooter. If the ball enters the basket, inform partner that ball went in.

Throw Ins

Ten players, eye contact, check table, check clock.

Timeout Mechanics

When the ball is dead, we must be alive. Team calling timeout must have player dribbling or holding the ball. Both officials must know the game situation when play resumes following a timeout (team,

41 direction, spot or run baseline, shooter, number of shots). One official at spot of throwin or free throw line with ball facing direction in which it will be put into play. Other official at division line, quarter for 30 second and three quarters for 60 second.

Post Play

Let’s not allow a defender to use a leg or knee to move a player off the block. Let’s make sure the offensive player isn’t holding off the defender, or holding him with his off- hand. As Lead, let’s find the post matchup as soon as possible so that we get the first foul. Remember the RIDD’s. Don’t let players: Redirect, Impede, Displace, or Dislodge.

Ball-Handler / Hand-Checking

Two hands on the ball-handler is a foul. Automatic. One hand that stays on the dribbler is a foul. Let’s not let a defender ride the dribbler as the ball is coming from backcourt to frontcourt. Remember SBQ. If the dribbler’s Speed, Balance, or Quickness are affected, we should have a hand-checking, push or block foul.

Screens

We must work hard off the ball. In the first half especially, let’s clean up the screening action. The screening action will be right in front of the defensive coach in the first half, so if the coach sees an illegal screen, we should too. In the second half, with the defensive coach 60 feet away, let’s be aware of the screening, but we don’t need to focus quite as hard on it. If there’s an obvious call to be made, let’s absolutely make it; but we won’t make it our point of emphasis in the second half.

Consistency

Let’s see if we can call the same game. Be consistent with each other. Let’s try to remember what we’ve called earlier in the game, and what we haven’t called. Be consistent with what has already happened in the game. If I have a very close block/charge play and I call a blocking foul, then the next time you have a similar block/charge play, you should have a blocking foul.

Game Situation Awareness

One of us should quickly check the clock after every whistle to make sure the clock stops properly. One of us should check the clock every time it should start to make sure it does so.

42 Let’s try to be aware of the foul count during the game. We don’t want to be surprised when it’s time to shoot the bonus. If we know that the next foul will result in bonus free throws, we’ll be more likely to remember our shooter.

Last Two Minutes

We’re not calling anything in the last two minutes if we haven’t already called it earlier in the game, unless it’s so blatant that it can’t be ignored. We don’t want our first illegal screen to be called with 30 seconds left in the game; but if the illegal screen puts a player into the first row of the bleachers, then we have to call it. Let’s not put the whistles away in the last two minutes: That wouldn’t be consistent with the way we’ve been calling the game. If the game dictates it, let the players win or lose the game at the line. We don’t want to be the ones who decide the game by ignoring obvious fouls just to get the game over. End of game strategic fouls: If the winning team is just holding the ball and is willing to take the free throws, then let’s call the foul immediately, so the ballhandler doesn’t get hit harder to draw a whistle. Let’s make sure there is a play on the ball by the defense. If there’s no play on the ball, if the defense grabs the jersey from behind, or if the ballhandler receives a bear hug, we should consider an intentional foul. These are not basketball plays and should be penalized as intentional.

43 The Most Misunderstood Basketball Rules

Whether it is due to rule changes, differences between the NFHS, NCAA, and NBA rule books, or simply not understanding the rules as written, these are the most misunderstood rules in high school basketball. It is not only important to know the rules, but it is essential to know the intent and purpose of a rule so that it may be intelligently applied in each play situation.

1. The backboard has nothing to do with goaltending under NFHS rules. Goaltending is when a player touches the ball during a try or tap while it is in its downward flight, entirely above the basket ring level, and has the possibility of entering the basket. It is legal to pin the ball against the backboard if it still on the way up and not in the imaginary cylinder above the basket. Slapping the backboard is neither basket interference nor is it goaltending. A player who strikes a backboard during a tap or try so forcefully that it cannot be ignored because it is an attempt to draw attention to the player (or a means of venting frustration) may be assessed a technical foul. When a player simply attempts to block a shot and accidentally slaps the backboard it is neither a violation nor a technical foul.

2. The front, top, sides, and bottom of the backboard are all in play. The ball cannot legally pass over a rectangular backboard from either direction. The back of a backboard is out of bounds as well as the supporting structures.

3. The traveling rule is one of the most misunderstood rules in basketball. To start a dribble, the ball must be released before the pivot foot is lifted. On a pass or a shot, the pivot foot may be lifted, but may not return to the floor before the ball is released. A player may slide on the floor while trying to secure a loose ball until that player’s momentum stops. At that point that player cannot attempt to get up or rollover. A player securing a ball while on the floor cannot attempt to stand up unless that player starts a dribble. If the player is flat on his or her back, that player may sit up without violating.

4. During a fumble the player is not in control of the ball, and therefore cannot be called for a traveling violation. A fumble is the accidental loss of player control when the ball is unintentionally dropped or slips from a player’s grasp. After a player has ended a dribble and fumbled the ball, that player may recover the ball without violating. Any steps taken during the recovery of a fumble are not traveling, regardless of how far the ball goes and the amount of advantage that is gained. It is always legal to recover a fumble, even at the end of a dribble. However, that player cannot begin a new dribble as it would be an illegal dribble violation. A player who fumbles the ball when receiving a pass may legally start a dribble.

5. The shooter can retrieve his or her own airball, if the referee considers it to be a shot attempt. Since the release ends team control, it is not a violation for that player to start another dribble at that point. When an airborne player keeps control of an attempted shot that is blocked and returns to the floor with it, that player has not traveled; it is a held ball. If, in this situation, the shooter loses control of the ball because of the block, then this is simply a blocked shot and play continues. When an airborne player tries for goal, sees that the try will be blocked, purposely drops the ball, and picks up the ball after it hits the floor, that player has traveled by starting a dribble with the pivot foot off the floor.

44 6. High dribbles are not violations. Palming or carrying is when the ball comes to rest in the player's hand, and the player either travels with the ball, or dribbles a second time. There is no restriction as to how high a player may bounce the ball, provided the ball does not come to rest in a player’s hand. It is not possible for a player to travel during a dribble.

7. During a designated spot throw-in, the player inbounding the ball must keep one foot on or over the three-foot wide designated spot. An inbounding player is allowed to jump or move one or both feet. A player inbounding the ball may move backward as far as the five-second time limit or space allows. If player moves outside the three-foot wide designated spot it is a throw in violation, not traveling

8. A moving screen is not in and of itself a foul, illegal contact must occur for a foul to be called. If a blind screen is set on a stationary defender, the defender must be given one normal step to change direction and attempt to avoid contact. If a screen is set on a moving defender, the defender gets a minimum of one step and a maximum of two steps, depending on the speed and distance of the defender.

9. “Reaching in” and “over the back” are NOT fouls. There must be illegal contact to have a foul. The mere act of reaching in, by itself, is nothing. If illegal contact does occur, it’s probably a holding foul, an illegal use of hands foul, or a hand check foul. Similarly, a taller player may often be able to get a rebound over a shorter player, even if the shorter player has good rebounding position. If the shorter player is displaced, then a pushing foul must be called. A rebounding player, with an inside position, while boxing out, is not allowed to push back or displace an opponent, which is a pushing foul.

10. A defensive player does not have to remain stationary to take a charge. A defender may turn away or duck to absorb contact, provided he or she has already established legal guarding position, which is both feet on the playing court and facing the opponent. The defender can always move backwards or sideways to maintain a legal guarding position and may even have one or both feet off the playing court when contact occurs. That player may legally rise vertically. However, if the defender is moving forward, then the contact is caused by the defender, which is a blocking foul.

11. When an airborne shooter commits a player control foul, the successful goal is disallowed. This is true regardless of whether the try was released before or after the foul.

12. A ten-second count continues when the defense deflects or bats the ball in the backcourt. When a dribbler is advancing the ball into the frontcourt, the ball maintains backcourt status until both feet and the ball touch entirely in the frontcourt.

13. It is not a backcourt violation if a throw in is deflected, tipped, or batted by an offensive player in the frontcourt to an offensive player in the backcourt. The same is true after a missed field goal attempt or a missed foul shot attempt.

14. The intent of the three-second rule is to not allow an offensive player to gain an advantage. There is no three-second count between the release of a shot and the control of a rebound, at which time a new count starts. There is no three-second count during a throw in or while the ball is in the backcourt. There is a three-second count during an interrupted dribble. Allowance

45 shall be made for a player who, having been in the restricted area for less than three seconds, dribbles in or moves immediately to try for goal.

15. For free throws when there are no rebounders in the marked lane spaces, i.e. technical fouls and intentional fouls, the nine non-shooters shall remain behind the free throw line extended and behind the three point arc. There is no requirement for them to line up at the division line!

16. Intentional fouls almost always are penalized with two free throws, including when the basket is made. The only exception would be for intentional fouls on three-point shot attempts, in which case three free throws are awarded. The ensuing throw in for the fouled team is at the point of interruption, not at midcourt.

17. Kicking the ball is intentionally striking it with any part of the leg or foot. An unintentionally kicked ball is never illegal, regardless of how far the ball goes and who recovers it. It is also illegal to hit the ball with a fist.

18. Officials may explain some calls if approached by the head coach in a respectful manner. Head coaches are responsible for not only their conduct, but that of substitutes, disqualified team members, and all other bench personnel. The penalty for unsporting conduct is a technical foul and is direct to the coach if he or she is the offender or indirect to the coach if the offender is bench personnel.

Officials are on the court to be the only unbiased arbiters of the game. Officials are not concerned with who wins or loses, but only fairness and safety. Everyone else in that gym cares about winning, and therefore cannot look at the game objectively. Players commit fouls and violations; officials view those infractions, judge the action, and then apply the rules of the game to what they had viewed. The rules then determine the applicable penalty.

Adopted from: http://forum.officiating.com/basketball/93309-misunderstood-rules.html and http://www.arbitersports.com/Groups/105990/Library/files/The%2025%20MOST%20MisunderstoodRulesInHighSchoolBasketb all.pdf