Arianegroup Keynote @ CEA LETI Innovation Days H

Space Launchers: Competitiveness continuous renewal thru Innovation

ArianeGroup Keynote @ CEA LETI Innovation Days H. GILIBERT – Chief Technical Officer 04/07/2018

#spaceenablers ARIANEGROUP IS A SPACE BUSINESS ENABLER

“ENABLING EUROPE Propulsion solutions for all missions TO ACCESS SPACE, and all orbits FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL ITS CITIZENS • Satellite propulsion systems IS WHAT WE DO EVERY DAY.” • Launchers propulsion products and equipment (e.g. ammonium perchlorate, nozzle…) Moon • Orion-MPCV propulsion system Access to space • Ariane 5 & Ariane 6 • Marketing and operations of Vega & Soyuz via Arianespace and Rockot via Eurockot Advanced space products and • Space Situational Awareness & Space Traffic Solutions through GEOTracker solutions • Light and stable composite space structures • Cutting-edge equipment and sensors for New Space • Critical deep space solutions

Stability on Earth supported by deterrence

CIVIL Ariane 5 9,000 11 Ariane 6 LAUNCHERS Launch services EMPLOYEES SUBSIDIARIES IN FRANCE & MAIN AFFILIATES & GERMANY

DEFENSE M51 program

50/50 €3.4 BILLION For satellites, spacecraft JOINT COMPANY ESTIMATED PRO FORMA EQUIPMENT For launchers BETWEEN SALES & SERVICES For defence, security, critical AIRBUS & SAFRAN infrastructures and industry

► Launch attempts ► Reliability, Availability, Cadence ► Technical exploits ► Industrialisation, Low Costs ► Public enthusiasm Access to Space is Strategic

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 5 ACCESS TO SPACE: VIEWS ON LAST DECADES … … A FANTASTIC TRAJECTORY 1980-2010 Evolution of launchers missions / performance / size

GEO Satcoms: + 200 kg/yr ATV to ISS

Dual launch Deep (Ariane 5) space

Herschel & Planck

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 6 ACCESS TO SPACE: VIEWS ON LAST DECADES … … A FANTASTIC TRAJECTORY 1980-2010 Ambitions for space : ups, downs and ruptures …

NASA Budgets (2007 EC) 40 35 30 25 20

B$ 15 10 5 0

1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010

Space Business - Europe (EC 2010)

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

M€

3000 Space Business – Total Europe

2000

1000 Still strategic, but subject to ordinary Launchers Business – Total Europe 0 budget and competition constraints 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 7 ACCESS TO SPACE: VIEWS ON LAST DECADES … … A FANTASTIC TRAJECTORY 1980-2010 Programmes management & organisation Here : illustration for Ariane 5 development programmes ESA ESA = Devt Contracting Authority CNES Astrium Industrial Ground CNES = Prime Contractor, Snecma Architect systems Design Authority Europropulsion & Qualification Authority RUAG Upper US EAP MPS EPC Vulcain SYLDA Fairings Stage engine ESA = Devt Contracting Authority ESA/CNES APT ASTRIUM = Prime Contractor Launcher Ground System systems

Upper US EAP MPS EPC Vulcain SYLDA Fairings Stage engine From direct management of industry by Agencies to responsibilized industry wrt reliability, availability and competitiveness

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 8 ACCESS TO SPACE: VIEWS ON LAST DECADES … … A FANTASTIC TRAJECTORY 1980-2010 Leading edge engineering & technology … … to be now fully devoted to industrial robustness . Leading edge System Engineering . Multi-disciplinary optimisation (“Architect”) . Top-Down approach & concurrent engineering . Reliability & Safety . Leading edge engineering . Physics modelling in all domains !

. Today & tomorrow : . Model Based System Engineering (MBSE) . Functional Mock-Up (FMU) . Digital Mock-Up (DMU) . Functional Digital Mock-Up (FDMU)

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 9 ACCESS TO SPACE : VIEWS ON LAST DECADES … … A FANTASTIC TRAJECTORY 1980-2015 European Supremacy on Commercial Market Here : illustration for Ariane 5 development programmes

GEO Commercial GEO Commercial Satellites launched Satellites launch contracts

Arianespace 14% SpaceX 21% 32% 53% ILS 65%

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 10 SPACE TRANSPORTATION TODAY 2010 + … Private actors shaking the well established playground … Here : illustration for Ariane 5 development programmes

Falcon 9

Total disruption on commercial launch service prices (k$/kg)

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 11 SPACE TRANSPORTATION TODAY 2010 + … The wave of New Space Here : illustration for Ariane 5 development programmes

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to-entry into service Technical Innovation

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to entry into service Technical Innovation

On June 16th 2014, Airbus and Safran have proposed a triple initiative to reshape European launcher sector

New Industrial The two main European launcher industrialists set-up through the Joint decided to join forces to build a new rationalized and Venture lean, Franco-German, industrial organization

Airbus & Safran Initiative New Adapting the partnership between Governance Governments/ESA and industry.

Respond to the evolution of market requirements over Alternative Ariane 6 Design the next decades with a modular, two-variant offer, and with large built-in evolution and growth potential.

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to entry into service Technical Innovation

High performance and flexibility on trajectories

ARIANE 64 PERFORMANCE

MEO

LEO 20 t

GTO Vega-C 10.5 to 12 t 2019 Ariane 62 & 64 maiden flight 2020 maiden flight FOC 2023 SSO

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to entry into service Technical Innovation

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 19 ARIANE 6 ENGINEERING: PRODUCTION PULL APPROACH Gain a factor 2 to 3 on NRC, RC and time to exploitation …

• Go fast to Manufacturing before finalizing definition • Distribution and coordinate tasks thru Production - Exploitation efficient concurrent engineering

Tests – Qualification Implementation of Industrial Tools Design Manufacturing & Integration ramp-up

Maiden Entry Full Production Flight into service Capability

2015 Production Pulled cycle 2020 Classical Engineering pushed cycle Our challenge !…

Launch System Architect MT-Aerospace Arianespace Air Liquide - Magna Steyr CASA SABCA RUAG Airbus DS Electronics – CRISA Airbus DS Netherlands GTD - Clemessy Kongsberg Thales Alenia Space Sagem ELV Nammo Avio (solid propulsion) Avio (liquid propulsion) Europropulsion GKN Regulus DLR CNES/DLA/SDS TechSpace Aero APCO Technologies

Each actor of the extended enterprise is involved in one and only one segment

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to entry into service Technical Innovation

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 22 SPACE TRANSPORTATION TODAY … … THE EUROPEAN ANSWER FOR 2020 Ariane 6 & VEGA C directly benefit from R&T investments done in the last decade

ALM techno. Out of Autoclave fairings

Laser Surf. Vulcain2® engine on P3M Ø3400 Treat. FSW P120C - World ETI largest (here on single Ariane 6 APU)

13,5m segment Solid Propellant Opto-pyro booster TTEthernet

Simplified Ø2200 Nozzle ESC

A family of innovative dispensers and stages to answer several market needs and improve Ariane 6 market capture

M/LEO constellation Multi-payload for GTO dispatching and GEO • Deploying (big) • Dual launch towards constellations GTO • Replenishing in multiple Dispenser(s) • Transportation of stack Black planes of small sats to GEO • Galileo 1st and 2nd Upper Stage generation on Ariane 6 Kick Stage(s)

Enabling complex and long duration missions • Exploration (lunar and PROMETHEUS Engine cargo) • Science missions (for core stage) • Same thrust level as Vulcain 2 • 10 times cheaper • Reusable

Industrial Restructuring New New launchers, Governance new services Ariane 6 in Space Innovations ÷ 2 on costs Industrial and on time- Innovation to entry into service Technical Innovation

Launchers are not so much demanding for Electronics performance but …

• Severe environment • Radiative • Mechanical (acceleration, vibrations) • Thermal

• Obsolescences at stake (our cycles are very long …)

• Our objective: discouple design stakes (functional vs environmental) through technology and shorten development and integration duration through full focus on functional aspects (validation on iron birds).

Address space transportation as a nodes and flows network

GEO Satellite (Constellation) Satellite CIS lunar

Earth Moon

Space Station LEO/MEO GEO

What main market segments? For what activities on the nodes?

Telecom Earth Observation

Space Security Human flight + cargo

Space Production Mining

GLOBALIZATION BREAKTHROUGH POWER BLOCKS “G7 rules” “Jeff was right” “Global Neglect”

At each inflexion point, rich countries (G7) invest in their Disruption in the cost of access to future and take the ‘best’ space, triggering a self-sustaining At each inflexion point, each decisions. Emerging and poor B2C space economy and country promotes its own interest. countries do not implement the dominant level of private necessary changes (structural investment vs institutional and institutional).

Scenarios are a set of ‘extreme’ but coherent futures (2040+), and are quantified with respect to space transportation up to 2035 to support product development robustness assessments

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 29 YEARLY ACCESSIBLE TRANSPORTATION MARKET VALUE SITUATION IN 2020 10 500 in M€ per annum

1000 1500

(Constellation) Satellite GEO Satellite Cis-lunar Space Station

Moon Earth

Suborbital

Space Station LEO/MEO GEO

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 30 YEARLY ACCESSIBLE TRANSPORTATION MARKET VALUE “GLOBALIZATION” SCENARIO 2025-2029 10 500 in M€ per annum

1000 1500

(Constellation) Satellite GEO Satellite Cis-lunar Space Station

Moon Earth

Suborbital

Space Station LEO/MEO GEO

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 31 YEARLY ACCESSIBLE TRANSPORTATION MARKET VALUE “BREAKTHROUGH” SCENARIO 2025-2029 10 500 in M€ per annum

1000 1500

(Constellation) Satellite GEO Satellite Cis-lunar Space Station

Moon Earth

Suborbital

Space Station LEO/MEO GEO

ACTIVE SATELLITES

TRACKED OBJECTS > 10 CM

OBJECTS BETWEEN 1 AND 10 CM

2018 COLLISION RISKS INCREASE LOSS OF ASSETS GROUND & CITIZEN SECURITY ACTIVEDEBRIS SATELLITES INCREASE

TRACKED OBJECTS > 10 CM

OBJECTS BETWEEN 1 AND 10 CM

X2 ACTIVE SATELLITES BY 201820222025

« Space, like artificial intelligence or renewable energies, is becoming one of the biggest & most transforming markets of the next 30 years »

GLOBALIZATION BREAKTHROUGH POWER BLOCKS “G7 rules” “Jeff was right” “Global Neglect”

« Space is disrupted and will grow into multi-trillion dollar industry in the next 2 decades » Goldman Sachs, March 2017

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ArianeGroup Keynote – LETI Innovation Days –- 04/07/2018 36 HOW WE SEE ARIANEGROUP IN 2025 PREPARING THE ENABLING ACCESS FUTURE TO SPACE ArianeGroup is preparing the The versatility of Ariane 6 will provide building blocks for next new- Access to Space serving generation, reusable and any mission to any orbit. versatile launch vehicles. ArianeGroup will be part of new exploration programs through high-value Products, Equipment and Services. ENABLING SECURITY ArianeGroup will IN SPACE ENABLING GLOBAL focus on its The success of the Space customers’ needs STABILITY ON EARTH Traffic Management system and expectations, Earth M51 and its evolutions will remain enables Security in Space and with a global Space Business development. industrial and core activities for ArianeGroup, commercial footprint. enabling the development of major disruptive technologies.