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Ecological Assessment Report DP144 Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Pipeline
Compiled by BOOBOOK for Origin Origin Doc. No.: Q-4200-15-RP-1339
Revision Date Description Author Verifier Approved
R. Aisthorpe, C. Eddie, A 18/2/2017 Draft report issued to client R. Aisthorpe C. Eddie L. Hardwick Final report incorporating client 0 9/3/2017 R. Aisthorpe, C. Eddie R. Aisthorpe C. Eddie comments
Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Table of Contents Executive Summary ...... 3 1. Introduction ...... 4 1.1. Scope of Works ...... 4 1.2. Assessment Area ...... 4 1.3. Definitions and Abbreviations ...... 5 1.3.1. Definitions ...... 5 1.3.2. Abbreviations ...... 5 1.3.1. Document References ...... 6 2. Site Context ...... 10 3. Methodology ...... 10 3.1. Desktop and Literature Review ...... 10 3.2. Field Survey ...... 11 3.2.1. Vegetation Community Survey ...... 11 3.2.2. Fauna Habitat Survey ...... 13 3.2.3. Threatened Flora and Fauna Survey ...... 13 3.2.4. Pest Flora Survey ...... 13 3.2.5. Pest Fauna Survey ...... 13 3.2.6. Disturbance Survey ...... 13 3.2.7. Watercourse and Wetland Survey ...... 13 3.2.8. BioCondition Survey ...... 14 3.2.9. Survey Limitations ...... 15 4. Results and Discussion ...... 15 4.1. Desktop and Literature Review ...... 15 4.2. Field Survey ...... 15 4.2.1. Commonwealth Environmental Matters ...... 16 4.2.1.1. Ground-truthed Threatened Ecological Communities ...... 17 4.2.1.2. Threatened Flora ...... 17 4.2.1.3. Threatened Fauna ...... 20 4.2.1.4. Migratory and Marine Fauna ...... 23 4.2.2. Queensland Environmental Matters ...... 25 4.2.2.1. Ground-truthed Regional Ecosystems ...... 27 4.2.2.2. Threatened Flora ...... 31 4.2.2.3. Threatened Fauna ...... 32 4.2.2.4. Pest Flora ...... 33 4.2.2.5. Pest Fauna ...... 33 4.2.3. Disturbances ...... 33 4.2.4. Watercourses and Wetlands ...... 33 4.2.5. BioCondition Survey ...... 36 Rev 0 i Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
5. Conclusions ...... 39 Appendix A. Site Location and Survey Points...... 40 Appendix B. Queensland Herbarium Plant Identification Results...... 42 Appendix C. Results of EPBC Protected Matters Search Tool ...... 44 Appendix D. Wildlife Online Database Search Results...... 54 Appendix E. Integrated Regional Ecosystem Mapping...... 60 Appendix F. EHP Mapping of ESAs and Other Environmental Values on Site...... 71 Appendix G. List of Native Flora and Fauna Species Identified on Site...... 75 Appendix H. Ground Truthed Threatened Ecological Communities...... 80 Appendix I. Ground Truthed Regional Ecosystems...... 82 Appendix J. Ground Truthed EPBC/NC Act Threat-listed, Other Conservation Significant Species and Pest Fauna Present on Site...... 95 Appendix K. Ground Truthed Drainage Features and Watercourses Present on Site...... 99 Appendix L. BioCondition Data Sheets...... 101
List of Tables Table 1: Definitions ...... 5 Table 2: Abbreviations ...... 5 Table 3: Associated Document References...... 6 Table 4: Site Context ...... 10 Table 5: Desktop and Literature Review Sources ...... 10 Table 6: Commonwealth Environmental Matters – Field Survey Results ...... 16 Table 7: Likelihood of occurrence assessment and field survey results for EPBC Act listed flora...... 18 Table 8: Field survey and likelihood of assessment results for EPBC Act threatened fauna within the Site...... 20 Table 9: Likelihood assessment results for EPBC Act migratory and marine fauna identified within database searches...... 23 Table 10: State environmental matters – field survey results...... 25 Table 11: Ground-truthed remnant and regrowth regional ecosystems...... 27 Table 12: Field survey results for NC Act EVNT flora with potentially suitable RE and likelihood of occurrence...... 31 Table 13: Likelihood of occurrence of NC Act EVNT fauna potentially occurring at the Site...... 32 Table 14: Pest fauna recorded at the Site ...... 33 Table 15: Ground-truthed watercourses and drainage features within the 60 m buffer at the Site...... 34 Table 16: Summary of BioCondition sites and their calculated scores...... 37
Conclusions drawn in this report are based on available information at the time of writing. Any additional information may alter such conclusions and the author reserves the right to do so if such information becomes available. This report has been made as at the date of the report and is not to be used after six (6) months and not if there are any material changes meanwhile. In either event it should be referred back for review. To the extent permitted by law BOOBOOK does not accept liability for any loss or damage which any person may suffer arising from any negligence or breach of contract on its part. This report was prepared for the benefit of the party to whom it is directed only and for the purpose identified within. BOOBOOK does not accept responsibility to any other person for the contents of the report.
Rev 0 ii Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Executive Summary
This report provides a description of an ecology survey undertaken for the Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) pipeline in January-February 2017 by BOOBOOK Ecological Consulting. The ecology survey was completed within nominated portions of the proposed alignment extending from the Eurombah Creek gas plant in the Spring Gully gas field to Lot 3 on Plan AB208 located approximately 35 km north-northeast of Wallumbilla, southern inland Queensland. The surveyed portion of the proposed alignment extends for approximately 40 km, aligned in an approximately south south-easterly direction and largely parallels the existing Eurombah Lateral High Pressure Gas Pipeline easement. Key findings of the ecological survey are summarised as follows: One Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) was detected: o Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co-dominant) TEC. Two Endangered regional ecosystems (REs) were detected: 11.9.4, 11.9.5. Four Of Concern REs were detected: 11.3.2, 11.3.25, 11.9.7, 11.10.8. Two EPBC Act and NC Act listed threatened fauna were detected: o Koala (evidence); o White-throated Snapping-turtle. No EPBC Act listed migratory species were detected however potentially suitable habitat is present for multiple species. Eleven EPBC Act listed marine species were detected. No EPBC Act listed threatened flora were detected. One NC Act Listed threatened flora species was detected: o Sannantha brachypoda. Presence of 12 NC Act Special Least Concern flora species. Presence of four pest animals. Ordered stream assessments conducted throughout the Site confirmed the presence of four watercourses: Eurombah, Slatehill, Barton and Sugarloaf Creeks. Multiple mapped and unmapped drainage features also occur within the Site. No referable wetlands are mapped for the Site and no significant wetlands were detected within the Site. One small (<0.5 ha) wetland is present within the 200 m buffer on the Sugarloaf Creek floodplain at 3AB63. No springs were recorded at the Site. BioCondition assessments were undertaken at 17 sites. BioCondition field data sheets are provided separately to this report. A weed survey and Protected Plants survey (in accordance with DEHP Protected Plant Survey Guidelines) was also conducted however the results of these surveys are reported separately. Refer to BOOBOOK (2017a: document reference Q-4200-15-RP-1338) for Protected Plant survey results and to BOOBOOK (2017b: document reference Q- 4200-15-RP-1340) for weed survey results.
Rev 0 3 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
1. Introduction
This report provides a description of an ecology survey undertaken for the Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) pipeline. The ecology survey was undertaken within nominated portions of the proposed alignment extending from the Eurombah Creek gas plant in the Spring Gully gas field to Lot 3 on Plan AB208 located approximately 35 km north-northeast of Wallumbilla, southern inland Queensland. The surveyed portion of the proposed alignment extends for approximately 40 km, aligned in an approximately south south-easterly direction and largely parallels the existing Eurombah Lateral High Pressure Gas Pipeline easement. There is an east-west deviation of approximately 3.25 km from Lot 2 on Plan AB177 to Lot 4 on Plan SP124669. The Site is situated predominantly within the Western Downs Regional Council with small portions in the Banana Shire and Maranoa Regional Councils. The results are based on an initial desktop assessment followed by a field survey to confirm the vegetation communities, flora/fauna species, habitat values and areas of disturbance present within the Site. The purpose of this report is to provide a description of potential ecological constraints within the ERIC right of way (ROW) and associated survey buffers. 1.1. Scope of Works
The scope of works required the following: Ecology survey in accordance with Neldner et al. (2012) Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems in Queensland (version 3.2) within the 200 m buffer; Flora survey in accordance with Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP 2016a) Flora Survey Guidelines – Protected Plants for areas mapped as ‘high risk’ on the Protected Plant Flora Survey Trigger Map within the 100 m buffer; BioCondition survey in accordance with Eyre et al. (2015) BioCondition: A Condition Assessment Framework for Terrestrial Biodiversity in Queensland, Assessment Manual (version 2.2) within the 100 m buffer; In addition to the general disturbance and non-native flora component of ecology surveys, the survey comprised an additional weed survey within the 30 m right of way (ROW) with a focus on the following: Restricted Matter described under the Biosecurity Act 2014; Weeds of National Significance (WoNS) as described by the National Weeds Strategy; Priority species as described by the Western Downs Regional Council (WDRC), Maranoa Regional Council (MRC) and Banana Shire Council (BSC) Pest Management Plans (where each is applicable); and All weeds species (as described in any or all categories above) observed opportunistically were also to be recorded along with targeted searches occurring within potential hotspot areas. 1.2. Assessment Area
The ecology assessment was requested within a defined area this being the proposed ERIC pipeline 30 m ROW, 100 m and 200 m buffers (‘the Site’). The site location is shown in Appendix A. The Site includes the following properties and road reserves which intersect the alignment: Lot 9 on Plan SP262435 (hereafter referred to as 9SP262435)*; Lot 3047 on Plan SP273877 (hereafter referred to as 3047SP273877); Lot 3 on Plan RP866852, Lot 5 on Plan SP110490 and Lot 2 on Plan SP273654 (hereafter referred to as 3RP866852, 5SP110490 and 2SP273654); Lot 4 on Plan RP866852 (hereafter referred to as 4RP866852); Lot 4 on Plan SP124669*, Lot 1 on Plan AB144 and Lot 2 on Plan AB177 (hereafter referred to as 4SP124669, 1AB144 and 2AB177);
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Lot 1 on Plan AB37, Lot 3 on Plan AB63 and Lot 6 on Plan AB37 (hereafter referred to as 1AB37, 3AB63 and 6AB37); Lot 5 on Plan AB37 (hereafter referred to as 5AB37); Lot 2 on Plan AB37 (hereafter referred to as 2AB37); Lot 3 on Plan AB208 (hereafter referred to as 3AB208); Road Crossings within Western Downs Regional Council; and Road Crossings within Maranoa Regional Council. Several properties or portions of properties within the alignment (indicated by * above) have had previous ecology assessments undertaken. Previous ecology assessment data is also available for the Eurombah Lateral High Pressure Gas Pipeline (Australia Pacific LNG 2013b). The ERIC alignment also includes Lots 47 and 63 on Plan WV615 and Lot 76 on Plan WV1000 however these properties were not surveyed due to land access constraints. 1.3. Definitions and Abbreviations
1.3.1. Definitions
Table 1: Definitions
Term Definition A proprietary product of Motion Computing®: it comprises a tablet PC with in-built GPS positioning capacity, Motion allowing capture of spatial and other data in the field. The portions of lot/plans 1AB37, 1AB144, 2AB37, 2AB177, 3AB63, 3AB208, 5AB37, 6AB37, 3RP866852, 4RP866852, The Site 2SP273654, 4SP124669, 5SP110490, 9SP262435 and 3047SP273877 and intersected road reserves intersected by the ERIC 30 m ROW and 200 m buffer. The likelihood of occurrence of flora and/or fauna of conservation concern at the Site, as used in Origin/Australia Likelihood of Pacific LNG spatial data attribute tables: Possible: <50% likelihood; Probable: 50-90% likelihood; Likely: >90% Occurrence likelihood. The category “Unlikely” is not used in the spatial attribute tables. It is used here to define probabilities of occurrence that are at or approaching zero.
1.3.2. Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are found throughout this report. Table 2: Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description
ALA Atlas of Living Australia AU Assessment Unit Australia Pacific LNG Australia Pacific LNG Pty. Ltd. BOM Bureau of Meteorology BOO Best on Offer BRI Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane CSG Coal Seam Gas Cwlth Commonwealth DEHP Department of Environment and Heritage Protection DERM Department of Environment and Resource Management DoEE Department of the Environment and Energy DSITI Department of Science Information Technology and Innovation e.g. For example EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area
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Abbreviation Description
EVNT Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened GPS Global Positioning System ha hectare(s) IRE Integrated Regional Ecosystem km kilometre(s) LZ land zone m metre(s) MNES Matters of National Environmental Significance N/A Not Applicable NC Act Nature Conservation Act 1992 MC Mgt Reg Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 NC Reg Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006 NP National Park NSW New South Wales PMST Protected Matters Search Tool Qld Queensland RE (s) Regional Ecosystem(s) REDD Regional Ecosystem Description Database ROW right of way SEVT Semi-evergreen vine thicket SLC Special Least Concern TEC(s) Threatened Ecological Community(ies) TSSC Threatened Species Scientific Committee WoNS Weeds of National Significance
1.3.1. Document References
The following documents are referred to throughout this report. Table 3: Associated Document References
Document Number Reference ALA (2016). Atlas of Living Australia occurrence download. http://biocache.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?qid=1481842650538&q=geospatial_kosher%3A%22true%22&f q=longitude%3A%5B-180+TO+180%5D&fq=latitude%3A%5B- 90+TO+90%5D&wkt=POLYGON%28%28149.1917+-26.3704%2C149.3978+-26.3704%2C149.3978+- 25.9239%2C149.1917+-25.9239%2C149.1917+-26.3704%29%29 ALA (2017). Atlas of Living Australia. http://www.ala.org.au/ Australia Pacific LNG (2011). Environmental Constraints Planning and Field Development Protocol (Q-LNG01-15- Q-LNG01-15-MP-0109 MP-0109), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2012a). Ecological Assessment Report: Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 - Lot 4 Q-8200-15-RP-1014 SP124669 (Q-8200-15-RP-1014), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2012b). Australia Pacific LNG Ecology Assessment Report: Eurombah Creek GPF (Q-8400- Q-8400-15-RP-001 15-RP-001), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2013a). Ecology Assessment Report: Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 - Part Lot 9 Q-8300-15-RP-003 AB244 (Q-8300-15-RP-003), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2013b). Pre-Clearance Survey Report: Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Project – Eurombah Q-8449-15-RP-0001_01 Lateral High Pressure Gas Pipeline (Q-8449-15-RP-0001_01), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2014a). Ecology Assessment Report: Australia Pacific LNG Project - Lot 9 SP262435, Q-8200-15-RP-1267 associated with DA#1711(Q-8200-15-RP-1267), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2014b). Ecology Assessment Report: Lot 9 SP262435, associated with DA#1773 Strathblane Q-8319-15-RP-0001 Infill Site 46- Alternate Access Track, covered under PL417 (Q-8319-15-RP-0001), Brisbane. Rev 0 6 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Document Number Reference Australia Pacific LNG (2015a). DA2074 Australia Pacific LNG Gathering Sustain Phase – Spring Gully Infill Wells Q-8200-15-TR-1020_1 over Lot 55 on Plan FTY1153 and Lot 4 on SP204532 Ecology Report Addendum (Q-8200-15-TR-1020_1): Internal Memorandum. December 20, 2015, Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2015b). Ecology Assessment Report: Australia Pacific LNG Project - Lot 9 SP262435, Q-8200-15-RP-1125 associated with DA#2051 Overhead Powerline to Strathblane Communications Tower (Q-8200-15-RP-1125), Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2016a). DA2074 Australia Pacific LNG Gathering Sustain Phase – Spring Gully Infill Wells Q-8200-15-TR-1020_2 over Lot 4 on SP204532 and Lot 16 on Plan AB174, Ecology Report Addendum (Q-8200-15-TR-1020_2): Internal Memorandum. March 30, 2016, Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2016b). DA2154 and DA2157 Dawson Land Investments Company Pty Ltd (Strathblane) Q-8300-15-RP-002_001 Addendum to Ecology Report Q-8300-15-RP-002 (Q-8300-15-RP-002_01): Internal Memorandum. October 8, 2016, Brisbane. Australia Pacific LNG (2016c). DA2155 and DA2156 Elsem Pty Ltd (Lighthouse) Addendum to Ecology Report Q- Q-8200-15-RP-1014_01 8200-15-RP-1014 (Q-8200-15-RP-1014_01): Internal Memorandum. October 10, 2016, Brisbane. Barrett, G, Silcocks, Barry, S, Cunningham, R and Poulter, R (2003). The New Atlas of Australian Birds. Birds Australia, Melbourne. Birdlife Australia (2017). Birdata. Birdlife Australia, Melbourne. http://www.birdata.com.au/homecontent.do BoM (2017a). Climate statistics for Australian Locations. Bureau of Meteorology http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_043091.shtml BOM (2017b). Roma, Queensland - February 2017 Daily Weather Observations. Bureau of Meteorology http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/dwo/201702/html/IDCJDW4104.201702.shtml BOM (2017c). Roma, Queensland - January 2017 Daily Weather Observations. Bureau of Meteorology http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/dwo/201701/html/IDCJDW4104.201701.shtml BOOBOOK (2017a). Protected Plants Flora Survey Report: Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Pipeline (Q- Q-4200-15-RP-1338 4200-15-RP-1338), Roma. BOOBOOK (2017b). Weed Survey Report: DP144 Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Pipeline (Q-4200-15- Q-4200-15-RP-1340 RP-1340), Roma. Bostock, PD and Holland, AE (eds.) (2016). Census of the Queensland Flora 2016. Queensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Brisbane. https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/census-of-the-queensland-flora-2016. Burnett, S (2012). Northern Quoll. In: Curtis, LK and Dennis, AJ (eds.) Queensland’s Threatened Animals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. Pp. 340-341. Carrick, F, Grant, T and Temple-Smith, P (2008). Platypus. Pp. 32-35 in: Van Dyck, S. and Strahan, R. (eds) The
Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Reed New Holland, Sydney. DEHP (2012). Environmental protection Act 1994 – mature regrowth. Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Queensland Government, Brisbane http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/custom/detail.page?fid={4EE2ABF6-B8FA-4E8B-B61B- 70DA4D63E986} DEHP (2016a). Flora Survey Guidelines – Protected Plants. Nature Conservation Act 1992. Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Queensland Government, Brisbane. https://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/licences-permits/plants-animals/documents/gl-wl-pp-flora-survey.pdf DEHP (2016b). Map of Environmentally Sensitive Areas. Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/licences- permits/maps_of_environmentally_sensitive_areas.php DEHP (2017a). Nature Conservation Act protected plants flora survey trigger map spatial layer. Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/custom/detail.page?fid={6F958DFC-C7F4-4F59-8FBC- A0E73770B720} DEHP (2017b). Flora Wetland Indicator Species List. WetlandInfo, Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://wetlandinfo.ehp.qld.gov.au/wetlands/ecology/components/flora/flora-indicator-species-list.html. DERM (2011). Queensland Wetland Definition and Delineation Guideline. Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM), Queensland Government, Brisbane. DoEE (2016). EPBC Protected Matters Search Tool. Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/index.html
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Document Number Reference DoEE (2017). Species Profile and Threats Database (EPBC Act List of Threatened Ecological Communities). Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publiclookupcommunities.pl DSITI (2016a). Collection and preserving plant specimens, a manual. Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://www.qld.gov.au/environment/assets/documents/plants-animals/herbarium/collecting-manual.pdf DSITI (2016b). Regional Ecosystem Description Database (REDD). Version 10.0. Queensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/plants/ecosystems/download/ DSITI (2016c). Request a species list (Wildlife Online search). Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/report-request/species- list/ DSITI (2017a). Biodiversity status of pre-clearing and 2015 remnant regional ecosystems - version 10.0 - South Central Qld. Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/custom/detail.page?fid={B4E79402-A68B-4AE2- 8820-7371D9D1A058} DSITI (2017b). Queensland Herbarium specimen data (HERBRECS). Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au/catalogue/custom/detail.page?fid={FFBDB54B-63FB-4660-BE90- 628BF70CB0BB} DSITI (2017c). Species profile search. WildNet database, Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/species-search/ Eddie, C (2012). Yakka Skink. Pp. 224-225 in: Curtis, LK and Dennis, AJ (eds) Queensland’s Threatened Animals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. Environmental Protection Agency (2005). A Method to Provide Baseline Mapping and Classification for Wetlands in Queensland. Version 1.2. Queensland Government, Brisbane. Eyre, TJ, Kelly, AL, and Neldner, VJ (2011). Method for the Establishment and Survey of Reference Sites for BioCondition. Version 2.0. Department of Environment and Resource Management, Biodiversity and Ecological Sciences Unit, Brisbane. Eyre, TJ, Kelly, AL, Neldner, VJ, Wilson, BA, Ferguson, DJ, Laidlaw, MJ and Franks, AJ (2015). BioCondition: A Condition Assessment Framework for Terrestrial Biodiversity in Queensland. Assessment Manual. Version 2.2. Department of Environment and Resource Management, Brisbane. Forbes, VR, Jensen, AR, Mollan, RG, Gregory, CM, and Exon, NF (1964). Australia Geological Mapping, Taroom Map sheet SG55-8 1:250,000 Geological series. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Department of National Development, Canberra. Garnett, SJ, Szabo, JK and Dutson, G (2011). The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. GHD (2013), Spring Gully Terrestrial Ecology Assessment: Australia Pacific LNG Upstream Phase 1 (Q-8200-15-TR- Q-8200-15-TR-1020 1020), Brisbane. Higgins, PJ (ed.) (1999). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 4. Parrots to Dollarbird. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Higgins, PJ and Davies, SJJF (1996). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons. Oxford University Press, Melbourne Higgins, PJ, Peter, JM and Steele, WK (eds) (2001). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 5: Tyrant-flycatchers to Chats. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Limpus, C, Limpus, D, Parmenter, J, Hodge, J, Forest, M and McLachlan, J (2011). The Biology and Management Strategies for Freshwater Turtles in the Fitzroy Catchment, with particular emphasis on Elseya albagula and Rheodytes leukops: A study initiated in response to the proposed construction of Rookwood Weir and the raising of Eden Bann Weir. Queensland Department of Environment and Resource Management, Brisbane. Holmes, T (2012). Glossy Black-Cockatoo. In: Curtis, LK and Dennis, AJ (Eds) Queensland’s Threatened Animals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. Pp. 282-283. Lintermans, M (2007). Fishes of the Murray-Darling Basin: an introductory guide. Murray Darling Basin Commission, Canberra. Marchant S and Higgins, PJ (eds) (1993). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 2. Raptors to Lapwings. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Melzer, A, Cristescu, R, Ellis, W, Fitzgibbon, S and Manno, G (2014). The habitat and diet of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 36(2): 189-199.
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Document Number Reference Milligan, FN, Exon, NF, Burger, D, Casey, DJ (1967). Australia Geological Mapping, Roma Map sheet SG55-12 1:250,000 Geological series. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Department of National Development, Canberra. Neldner, VJ, Wilson, BA, Thompson, EJ and Dillewaard, HA (2012). Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland. Version 3.2.Updated August 2012. Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane. New Ground (2013). Ecology Assessment Report: Phase 2 Study Area Lot 9 AB244 (Strathblane) (Q-8300-15-RP- Q-8300-15-RP-002 002), Brisbane.
Origin (2016). Integrated Regional Ecosystem spatial layer. Origin, Brisbane. QMDC (2008). Reptiles of the Brigalow Belt: an information kit. WWF-Australia and Queensland Murray Darling Committee. Pizzey, G and Knight F. (2010). The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia. Eighth edition. Harper Collins, Melbourne. Queensland Herbarium (2016). BioCondition benchmarks for Regional Ecosystems, (RE 11.3.2, 11.9.5: November, 2012; RE 11.3.25: June, 2013; RE 11.10.11: September, 2015). Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation, Queensland Government, Brisbane. Reardon, T (2012). South-eastern Long-eared Bat. In: Curtis, LK and Dennis, AJ (eds.) Queensland’s Threatened Animals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. Pp. 386-387. Sattler, P and Williams, R (eds) (1999). The Conservation Status of Queensland’s Bioregional Ecosystems. Environmental Protection Agency, Queensland Government, Brisbane. Santos (2012). Field Guide to Trees and Shrubs of Eastern Queensland Oil and Gas Fields. Santos, Adelaide. TSSC (2001). Commonwealth Listing Advice on Semi-evergreen vine thickets of the Brigalow Belt (North and South) and Nandewar Bioregions. Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities/sevt.html. TSSC (2008a). Commonwealth Conservation Advice on Arthraxon hispidus (Hairy-joint Grass). Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/9338-conservation-advice.pdf TSSC (2008b). Commonwealth Conservation Advice on Eucalyptus beaniana. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/56320-conservation-advice.pdf TSSC (2013). Commonwealth Conservation Advice for Brigalow Ecological Community. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities/pubs/028-conservation-advice.pdf. TSSC (2016). Conservation Advice for Petauroides volans (greater glider). Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/254-conservation-advice- 05052016.pdf
Valentine, P and Johnson, S (2012). Pale Imperial Hairstreak Butterfly. In: Curtis, LK and Dennis, AJ (eds) Queensland’s Threatened Animals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. Pp. 34-35. Wilson, S (2015). A Field Guide to Reptiles of Queensland. New Holland, Sydney. Legislation Biosecurity Act 2014 (Qld). https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/B/BiosecurityA14.pdf Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth). https://www.legislation.gov.au/Series/C2004A00485 Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Qld). http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/N/NatureConA92.pdf Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006 (Qld). http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/N/NatureConWiR06.pdf Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 (Qld). https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/N/NatureConWiMR06.pdf Water Act 2000 (Qld). http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/legisltn/current/w/watera00.pdf
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2. Site Context
Table 4: Site Context
Aspect Description
The Site is entirely within Subregion 26 (Southern Downs) of the Brigalow Belt bioregion. This subregion is characterized by low, hilly landscape with Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments or clay plains (Sattler and Williams 1999). Typically present in this region are forests of Belah (Casuarina cristata) and Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) with Poplar Bioregion Box (Eucalyptus populnea) and Narrow-leaved Ironbark (E. crebra) communities also present. Spotted Gum (Corymbia citriodora), Dusky-leaved Ironbark (E. fibrosa subsp. nubila), vine thicket, Astrebla and Acacia communities are also present but less extensive. Previous land use of the Site has been agricultural (grazing of domestic livestock and cropping). This use has involved extensive vegetation modification. Most of the Site no longer supports the original open forest or woodland vegetation and remnant RE is uncommon in that which remains. Pastoral development has included pasture improvement using Current land use non-native grasses such as Buffel Grass (Cenchrus ciliaris). Disturbances other than grazing and cropping include access tracks, farm infrastructure and coal seam gas (CSG) infrastructure including an existing high pressure gas pipeline adjacent to the surveyed ROW. The Roma 1: 250,000 series SG 55-12 map (Milligan et al. 1967) and Taroom 1: 250,000 series SG 55-8 map (Forbes et al. 1964) broadly indicate the geological units present within the Site. Coarse-grained sediments (sandstones) and shales of the Birkhead Formation (Jmb) and of the Hutton Sandstone (Jlh) are prominent in the north which tend to fine-grained sediments such as mudstone and siltstone (Ji) along the central and most of the southern extent of the Site. Alluvium (Qa) is present along the Barton and Sugarloaf Creeks. At the southern extremity of the Site is the Gubberamunda Sandstone formation (Jug) comprised of coarse-grained sediments, conglomerates and fossil wood. Soils and geology Soils at the Site include grey and brown clays; grey, brown and red loams; sand and silty alluvium. The topography of the Site is predominantly gently undulating plains and undulating low hills interspersed by drainage features (including Lambing Gully) and several watercourses including Eurombah, Slatehill, Barton and Sugarloaf Creeks. Gilgai micro-relief is mostly absent within the Site. Alluvial plains are associated with Sugarloaf and Barton Creeks. Land zones (LZ) as defined within Sattler and Williams (1999) occurring at the Site include LZ 3 (Quaternary alluvial systems), LZ 9 (fine grained sedimentary rocks) and LZ 10 (coarse grained sedimentary rocks). The nearest Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) weather station to the Site is at Roma located about 65 km southwest of the Site. Yearly average temperatures at Roma range from a maximum of 34.3°C in January to a minimum of 3.8°C in Climate July (BOM 2017a). Average annual rainfall is 579.2 mm, with the highest monthly average rainfall occurring in February (87.5 mm) and the lowest occurring in July (22.8 mm) (BOM 2017a). Heatwave conditions were experienced during the survey where daily maximum temperatures ranged from 35.9°C to 42.2°C (BOM 2017b, 2017c).
3. Methodology
3.1. Desktop and Literature Review
Sources utilised in the desktop and literature review are listed in Table 5 below. Table 5: Desktop and Literature Review Sources
Database Co-ordinates or search area Date of search Appendix Area bounded by: Department of the Environment and Energy (DoEE Lat -25.93393°S, Long 149.20166°E; Lat -25.93393°S, Long 149.38782°E; 2016) Environmental Protection Biodiversity and 15/12/2016 Appendix C Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) Protected Matters Lat -26.36035°S, Long 149.38782°E; Search Tool Lat -26.36035°S, Long 149.20166°E; with 1 km buffer Department of Science, Information Technology and Spatial layer incorporating all lot/plans Innovation (DSITI 2017a) Biodiversity status of pre- 24/1/2017 N/A clearing and 2015 remnant Regional Ecosystems (RE) - and road crossings within the Site version 10.0 - South Central Qld Spatial layer incorporating all lot/plans Environmental Protection Act 1994 – mature regrowth 24/1/2017 N/A (DEHP 2012) and road crossings within the Site
Rev 0 10 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Database Co-ordinates or search area Date of search Appendix
Integrated RE mapping (Origin 2016) incorporating Spatial layer incorporating all lot/plans remnant and regrowth polygons originating from 19/12/2016 Appendix E ground-truthing surveys and state RE datasets (i.e. and road crossings within the Site DEHP 2012, DSITI 2017a) Department of Environment and Heritage Protection Lat -26.044075°S, Long 149.205597°E; (DEHP 2016b) Map of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Lat -26.14465°S, Long 149.226826°E; and 15/12/2016 Appendix F (ESA) including Referable Wetlands Lat -26.282309°S, Long 149.297574°E Spatial layer incorporating all lot/plans DEHP (2017a) Nature Conservation Act (NC Act) 24/1/2017 N/A protected plants flora survey trigger map spatial layer. and road crossings within the Site Area bounded by: DSITI (2016c) Wildlife Online Database Lat -25.9239°S to -26.3704°S; 15/12/2016 Appendix D Long 149.1917°E to 149.3978°E Area bounded by: Atlas of Living Australia (ALA 2016) occurrence record Lat -25.9239°S to -26.3704°S; 15/12/2016 N/A download Long 149.1917°E to 149.3978°E ALA (2017) species profiles and distributional data N/A N/A N/A
Australia Geological Mapping, Roma Map sheet SG55- N/A 15/12/2016 N/A 12 1:250,000 Geological series (Milligan et al. 1967). Australia Geological Mapping, Taroom Map SHEET SG55-8 1:250,000 Geological series (Forbes et al. N/A 15/12/2016 N/A 1964). Client-supplied imagery N/A N/A N/A Google Earth/Queensland Globe N/A N/A N/A
3.2. Field Survey
Ecological surveys were conducted in accordance with: Methodology for Survey and Mapping of Regional Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities in Queensland. Version 3.2. (Neldner et al. 2012); Environmental Constraints Planning and Field Development Protocol (Q-LNG01-15-MP-0109, Australia Pacific LNG 2011); and BioCondition: A Condition Assessment Framework for Terrestrial Biodiversity in Queensland. Assessment Manual. Version 2.2. (Eyre et al. 2015). Field surveys were undertaken between 25th January and 2nd February 2017. The field surveys were conducted by Craig Eddie, (BOOBOOK, Principal Ecologist), Rosamund Aisthorpe (BOOBOOK, Intermediate Botanist) and Ella Borchert (BOOBOOK, Graduate Ecologist). Craig Eddie and Rosamund Aisthorpe were approved to undertake tasks relating to the Australia Pacific LNG Pty. Ltd. (Australia Pacific LNG) project by the Commonwealth Department of the Environment and Energy (DoEE, formerly the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities) in writing on 31st March and 11th May 2011 respectively. 3.2.1. Vegetation Community Survey
Baseline botanical surveys were undertaken to describe dominant flora and vegetation community structure throughout the survey site. Ground-truthing of the DSITI RE designation (DSITI 2017a) at and surrounding the Site was undertaken via the quaternary level of data collection as described in Neldner et al. (2012) and random meander assessments. Reference was also made to Integrated RE (IRE) mapping (Origin 2016) incorporating remnant and regrowth polygons originating from ground-truthing surveys and state RE datasets (i.e. DEHP 2012, DSITI 2017a). The vegetation community surveys were undertaken within 50 m x 10 m plots for the purpose of typifying the vegetation community under assessment. Vegetation community data was entered into client-specified data fields (vegetation structure point) within a Motion Tablet data capture system. The locations of the vegetation community survey sites are presented in Appendix A.
Rev 0 11 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Relative abundance data was collected for each stratum within the community as per the methodology described in the Environmental Constraints Planning and Field Development Protocol (Q-LNG01-15-MP-0109 Australia Pacific LNG (2011). Representative photographs were taken of the subject vegetation community using a Canon digital camera. Vegetation community polygons were verified in accordance with Queensland RE description and biodiversity status as per the Regional Ecosystem Description Database (REDD) (DSITI 2016b) and EPBC Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) criteria (DoEE 2017). Revised RE polygons were created where on-ground assessments differed from existing state and IRE mapping. Mapping of mixed ground-truthed RE polygons was avoided where possible; however in several cases vegetation presented as a mosaic and individual RE components were not able to be separated. Capture and delineation of RE and TEC boundaries was undertaken using a combination of mobile GIS devices, GPS and/or delineation from imagery. For the purposes of this assessment vegetation was mapped as four categories: Remnant: woody vegetation that has not been cleared or vegetation that has been cleared but where the dominant canopy has greater than 70% of the height and greater than 50% of the cover relative to the undisturbed height and cover of that stratum and is dominated by species characteristic of the vegetation's undisturbed canopy (Neldner et al. 2012). Advanced Regrowth: areas previously cleared or disturbed (e.g. by wildfire) and containing well advanced woody vegetation floristically and structurally consistent with the RE but typically <70% of the height and <50% density of the RE. Immature regrowth: is non-remnant vegetation in areas previously cleared or disturbed (e.g. by wildfire) and containing varying densities of woody vegetation floristically consistent with the RE type. Such regrowth lacks structural and floristics elements typical of the RE but may have fauna habitat value. Non-remnant: areas previously cleared or otherwise significantly disturbed which have little or no woody vegetation present. Mapping protocols applied to remnant and regrowth RE within this assessment are as follows: Remnant Silver-leaved Ironbark (Eucalyptus melanophloia)-dominated communities on hill slopes (coarse- grained sediments) were mapped as RE 11.10.7 even though the short description of this RE is “Eucalyptus crebra woodland on coarse-grained sedimentary rocks”. The long description for this RE (DSITI 2016b) “Eucalyptus crebra and/or E. melanophloia +/- E. populnea shrubby woodland. Eucalyptus melanophloia and/or E. crebra predominate and form a distinct but open canopy”; hence RE 11.10.7 may be dominated by E. crebra or E. melanophloia. SEVT communities were mapped as RE 11.10.8 where it could be demonstrated that these patches were on coarse-grained sediments. It is acknowledged that SEVT attributable to RE 11.9.4 formerly occurred within the Site (now all cleared) and that examples of RE 11.9.4 were observed immediately adjacent to the Site. Previous property-wide ecology assessments within or surrounding the Site may have assessed SEVT as RE 11.9.4 where it was not possible to separate RE 11.10.8 due to mapping scale issues. For each area of potential TEC an assessment of vegetation survey data was made against TEC threshold criteria (TSSC 2001, 2013). Though Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co-dominant) TEC condition criteria are available and applicable to both mature remnant and regrowth vegetation (DoEE 2017, TSSC 2013) a conservative approach to definition of TEC has been applied in that Brigalow patches were considered TEC if: they showed evidence of development of structural and floristic features typical of the intact vegetation community; Brigalow was dominant in the canopy; minimum patch size criteria (i.e. >0.5 ha) were met; the RE was a listed component of the TEC; and, in the case of regrowth, patches were greater than 15 years old. There is ambiguity relating to exotic species cover hence all patches that met other criteria were mapped as TEC for the purposes of this survey. SEVT was not mapped as TEC where it could be demonstrated that this community was attributable to RE 11.10.8 which is not a listed component of the TEC (TSSC 2001, DoEE 2017). There is currently no condition criteria for SEVT regrowth (TSSC 2001) therefore only mature SEVT (i.e. remnant status) was mapped as TEC, if present.
Rev 0 12 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Plant names used within this report follow Bostock and Holland (2016). Any flora specimens deemed as potential significant species (i.e. threatened or non-native species) and those that were not able to be conclusively identified by the ecologists were forwarded to the Queensland Herbarium for verification. Representative vouchers were collected in accordance with Queensland Herbarium procedures (DSITI 2016a) and Scientific Purposes Permit WISP17434416. Results of Queensland Herbarium plant identifications are attached in Appendix B. 3.2.2. Fauna Habitat Survey
Fauna habitat surveys were undertaken in conjunction with vegetation structure points, BioCondition sites and opportunistically elsewhere within the Site. Fauna habitat features (as per Origin recording schema) were recorded within 50 m x 10 m plots. These included recording the abundance or density of a range of fauna habitat features such as logs, decorticating trees/logs, tree/log hollows, mistletoe, soil cracks, leaf litter, ground cover and gilgais. Isolated fauna habitat features (e.g. log piles, hollow-bearing trees) were also recorded opportunistically particularly within the 30 m ROW. Representative photographs were taken of fauna habitat features within the Site. 3.2.3. Threatened Flora and Fauna Survey
Threat-listed species are those listed under the EPBC Act and/or the Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006 (NC Reg). For the purposes of this report, this includes EPBC Act-listed Migratory and Marine fauna, and Special Least Concern (SLC) fauna and flora as per the NC Reg and Nature Conservation (Wildlife Management) Regulation 2006 (NC Mgt Reg), respectively. Targeted threat-listed species searches were undertaken throughout the Site based on incidental field observations of high quality habitat, the identification of distinct ecological features through the preliminary desktop and literature review, or within the vicinity of a vegetation community survey/habitat feature plots where field ecologists deemed the given area to be of sufficient potential value to a threatened species to warrant such a search. NC Act threat-listed flora were surveyed during a Protected Plants Flora survey in accordance with DEHP (2016a) that was conducted in conjunction with the ecology survey. The methodology for and results of the Protected Plants Flora survey are provided separately (BOOBOOK 2017a: Q-4200-15-RP-1338). Fauna species were recorded opportunistically via direct observation and limited active searching throughout the survey area; no detailed fauna surveys were undertaken. Any observations of threatened or other significant species (whether within search areas or opportunistically) were recorded using the Motion data capture system. Location, abundance and habitat information was recorded. Where possible, photographs were taken of the subject threatened species. 3.2.4. Pest Flora Survey
Details pertaining to the pest flora survey undertaken in conjunction with the ecology survey at the Site including methodology and results are provided separately to this report (refer to BOOBOOK 2017b: Q-4200-15-RP-1340). 3.2.5. Pest Fauna Survey
Presence and abundance of declared fauna as defined by the Biosecurity Act 2014 was recorded at the time of the survey both within survey plots and opportunistically while traversing the Site. The location, identity and number of exotic fauna were entered into the Motion data capture system when encountered. 3.2.6. Disturbance Survey
Evidence of disturbance at survey sites was recorded for type, severity and estimated time of most recent occurrence. The recording of disturbances was also conducted opportunistically elsewhere within the Site where deemed to be appropriate or of ecological significance. 3.2.7. Watercourse and Wetland Survey
All mapped ordered streams within the 60 m buffer were assessed, across their full length, to determine if these mapped features were watercourses or drainage features as defined by the Water Act 2000 (Water Act). Ordered stream assessments included assessment of the presence/absence of a defined channel with bed and banks, riparian Rev 0 13 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) vegetation and hydrophytes. A selection of unmapped drainage features were recorded and assessed where encountered. If potential wetlands were encountered they were assessed against the hydrological and biotic criteria of the Queensland Wetland Program wetland definition (DERM 2011, Environmental Protection Agency 2005). 3.2.8. BioCondition Survey
BioCondition assessments were undertaken to assist in the evaluation of the ecological function and condition of vegetation within the 100 m buffer. BioCondition assessments were completed at 17 sites within the Site. The locations of BioCondition sites are shown within Appendix A and described within Appendix L. BioCondition assessments were undertaken as per the methodologies described by Eyre et al. (2011, 2015). This involved the establishment of a 100 m x 50 m transect containing five assessment areas (plots/quadrats) to record values for defined ecological attributes. These values were used as indicators to provide a quantitative measure for the performance of ecosystem function within the context of biodiversity conditions. The following information was recorded at each BioCondition site: Date; Observers; Description of location (bioregion, general description, co-ordinates for plot origin and centre, plot bearing and alignment); General habitat description and RE type; Median height for canopy, emergent and subcanopy strata; Slope position/slope degree and slope aspect; Tree species richness (within 100 m x 50 m plot); Native plant species richness (within 50 m x 10 m plot); Non-native plant cover (within 50 m x 10 m plot); Total length of coarse woody debris (length >10 cm diameter and >0.5 m long within 50 m x 20 m plot); Number and average diameter at breast height (DBH) of large eucalypt and non-eucalypt trees (within 100 m x 50 m plot); Recruitment of canopy species (within the 100 m x 50 m plot); Tree and shrub canopy cover (within 100 m transect); Ground cover within 1 m x 1 m plots (native perennial grass and organic litter cover in the ground layer); Disturbances (severity, last event and observation type). Large tree DBH thresholds for each RE were used where benchmark documents were available (Queensland Herbarium 2016), otherwise the default >30 cm DBH for eucalypts and >20 cm DBH for non-eucalypts was applied. For semi-evergreen vine thicket (SEVT)-dominant communities (i.e. RE 11.10.8), the threshold for RE 11.9.4 (>17 cm DBH for non-eucalypts, Queensland Herbarium 2016) was applied due to similarities in vegetation structure and composition. Site photographs were taken using a Canon digital camera in accordance with Eyre et al. (2011, 2015) (i.e. one photograph at plot origin and north, east, south and west photographs at the plot centre). Photograph numbers were recorded. Locations of BioCondition sites were determined using a handheld Garmin GPSmap 78S Global Positioning System (GPS). BioCondition assessment data was captured by mobile GIS devices (Motion F5t tablet computer). BioCondition sites were not marked permanently. Field data was recorded using the BioCondition reference site sheet template (Eyre et al. 2011) to ensure data suitable data was collected consistently for all sites regardless of whether a benchmark document was available for any particular RE or not. Canopy recruit and non-native plant cover attributes are not normally recorded on this
Rev 0 14 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) template, however this data was added to field sheets so it could be used for calculating BioCondition scores. Site data has been presented as either BioCondition assessment or reference form templates to differentiate between sites with or without published benchmarks. Scores for BioCondition sites were calculated in accordance with Eyre et al. (2015) which compares the values obtained at each survey site with values in the benchmark document for that particular RE (Queensland Herbarium 2016). Sub-scores were awarded to each site and landscape attribute then were added together and divided by the maximum possible score for that RE. This provided a numeric value along a continuum of biodiversity condition, where scores closer to 0 indicates that sites are ‘dysfunctional’ and those closer to 1 indicate that sites have ‘functional’ condition. 3.2.9. Survey Limitations
A number of factors were considered likely to influence survey results for particular species or species groups including timing (season) and weather conditions in the preceding seasons and immediately prior to the survey. Parts of the Site had been reasonably dry for several months prior to the survey, hence the ground layer composition and condition was variable. Some cryptic flora species can only be detected during particular flowering periods hence the survey provides only a snapshot of species detected. Heatwave conditions were experienced during the survey; fauna activity was therefore considerably reduced. The field investigations undertaken were limited to observations and opportunistic active searching; no live animal trapping, spotlighting or other fauna survey methods were employed. Given that the survey was undertaken in summer, winter migrants were unlikely to be recorded. Additional survey effort would be required to provide a more comprehensive inventory of fauna present. Although the climatic conditions did not affect mapping the spatial extent of TEC communities at the Site, it did have some influence on plant species composition within Brigalow communities. Ephemeral forbs, many of which respond opportunistically to rainfall, were uncommon. Many grasses and other graminoids (including sedges and other grass- like plants) were infertile (i.e. lacking flowers/seeds) at the time of the survey hence definition of native ground layer composition and density was not reliable. As fertile parts are required for accurate identification of many grasses and sedges they could not always be reliably identified to species. 4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Desktop and Literature Review
Results of the desktop and literature review can be found in Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E and Appendix F, as listed in Table 5. 4.2. Field Survey
Results of field surveys are detailed in the following sections. A comprehensive list of flora and fauna species identified during the field survey is included in Appendix G.
Rev 0 15 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
4.2.1. Commonwealth Environmental Matters
Field survey results for Commonwealth environmental matters (Matters of National Environmental Significance (MNES)) are summarised in Table 6. Table 6: Commonwealth Environmental Matters – Field Survey Results
Commonwealth Present Location Description Status Condition Comments Environmental Matters (Y/N) All/most patches are isolated Areas nominated as TEC show floristic Five (5) patches of within the landscape and are and structural elements of RE and are TEC containing subject to edge effects. They >0.5 ha. Regrowth TECs are >15 years remnant or Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co- are often used as shade old. TECs occur in small patches or advanced Y dominant) Endangered clumps hence subject to linear strips (shade lines) with little or TECs (=mature) periodic heavy grazing. no connectivity. Belah-dominated regrowth RE Ground layer frequently patches of RE 11.9.5 were not mapped 11.9.5 (see dominated by exotic pasture as TEC. Appendix H). grasses. Refer to Table 7 for likelihood of EPBC Act threat-listed N N/A N/A N/A N/A occurrence assessments and field flora survey results. Critically Y Eurombah Creek White-throated Snapping Turtle (Elseya albagula) N/A Adult observed in pool in creek. Endangered No individuals or scats sighted. Records based on evidence in the form of EPBC Act threat-listed Slate Hill, Barton fauna scratches on food trees including River and Sugarloaf Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) Vulnerable N/A Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) Creek and Queensland Blue Gum (E. tereticornis). Refer to Table 9 for likelihood of N N/A Nil observed Migratory N/A occurrence assessments and field EPBC Act Listed survey results. Migratory/Marine Forest Kingfisher, Sacred Kingfisher, Common Koel, Refer to Table 9 for likelihood of species Multiple locations Magpie-lark, Australian Kestrel, Horsfield’s Bronze- Y Marine N/A occurrence assessments and field (see Appendix J) cuckoo, Black-eared Cuckoo, Rainbow Bee-eater, survey results. Australasian Pipit, Swamp Harrier, Dollarbird
Rev 0 16 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.1.1. Ground-truthed Threatened Ecological Communities
Desktop assessment results (Appendix C) indicated the potential presence of four TECs these being: Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co-dominant); Coolibah – Black Box Woodlands of the Darling Riverine Plains and the Brigalow Belt South Bioregions; Semi-evergreen vine thickets of the Brigalow Belt (North and South) and Nandewar Bioregions; and Weeping Myall Woodlands. Patches of remnant and advanced (mature) regrowth of Brigalow woodland and open forest (REs 11.9.5) were recorded throughout the Site. Three patches of remnant and two patches of advanced regrowth met floristic, structural and condition criteria for the Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co-dominant) TEC. These occurred as isolated patches or narrow linear strips of retained vegetation in an otherwise extensively disturbed landscape. Mapped TEC is shown at Appendix H. Other patches of Brigalow-dominated vegetation were present within the Site including remnant, advanced regrowth and immature regrowth (refer to section 4.2.2.1). These patches did not meet the structural, floristic and/or condition criteria for the TEC. SEVT communities at the Site were mapped by DSITI (2017) and during previous ecology ground-truthing (Australia Pacific LNG 2012b, 2013a, Origin 2016) as RE 11.9.4. Two patches of remnant SEVT were recorded within the Site; on-ground site assessments (including BioCondition) confirmed that these patches were on coarse-grained sediments (LZ 10); these are therefore attributable to RE 11.10.8 which is not a listed component of the SEVT TEC (TSSC 2001, DoEE 2017). One patch of immature SEVT regrowth referable to RE 11.9.4 was observed however there are currently no condition criteria for SEVT regrowth (TSSC 2001) therefore it was not mapped as TEC. Coolibah (Eucalyptus coolabah) is absent from the Site hence the ‘Coolibah – Black Box Woodlands of the Darling Riverine Plains and the Brigalow Belt South Bioregions’ TEC was confirmed to be absent from the Site. Myall (Acacia pendula) was not recorded during the survey and the ‘Weeping Myall Woodlands’ TEC was confirmed to be absent from the Site. 4.2.1.2. Threatened Flora
The desktop assessment indicated that that no EPBC Act flora have been historically recorded from the Site. PMST search results predicted the occurrence of three EPBC Act listed threatened flora, these being Slender Tylophora (Tylophora linearis), A Bluegrass (Dichanthium setosum) and Ooline (Cadellia pentastylis). No EPBC Act listed threatened flora were recorded during the field survey. An assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of EPBC Act listed threatened flora potentially occurring at the Site is summarised in Table 7.
Rev 0 17 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Table 7: Likelihood of occurrence assessment and field survey results for EPBC Act listed flora.
Scientific / Common Field Survey Family Statusi Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Name Results
Potentially present. Occurs in Brigalow-dominated communities in shaded situations, often in leaf litter and is Although potentially suitable habitat Not recorded Xerothamnella associated with gilgais (shallow ground depressions) and/or minor drainage lines (DSITI is present this species is not Acanthaceae E within the herbacea 2017c). Known from a number of widely scattered sites ranging from near Yelarbon north to currently known from the Site. Site. Kokotungo west of Gladstone (ALA 2017). Specimen records closest to the Site occur 56 km northwest of 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c).
Found in drier open forests and woodlands of Eucalyptus, Callitris and Allocasuarina species Unlikely to be present. Tylophora linearis (DoEE 2017). It has been collected at numerous localities in NSW, principally on the western Although potentially suitable habitat Not recorded Apocynaceae E slopes of the Great Dividing Range from Temora to the Linton - Yetman area (ALA 2017). It is is present the Site is outside the within the Slender Tylophora only known in Queensland from one specimen collected near Glenmorgan in 1960 (ALA known range of this species (ALA Site. 2017, DSITI 2017b). 2017). Unlikely to be present. This species is endemic to flowing discharge springs of the Great Artesian Basin and has No suitable habitat (i.e. GAB Not recorded Eriocaulon carsonii been recorded from spring complexes in Queensland, New South Wales and South Australia discharge springs) occurs within the Eriocaulaceae E within the (DoEE 2017). In south central Queensland this species is confined to artesian discharge Site. Specimen records closest to the Salt Pipewort Site springs in the Injune and Taroom areas (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017b). Site occur 9.1 km northeast and 45 km northwest of 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). Occurs in southern to central Queensland and NSW (DoEE 2017). In Queensland it is widely distributed within an area bounded by Emerald in the north and Charleville in the west, with Potentially present. outliers near Moranbah and Charters Towers (ALA 2016, DoEE 2017). Grows in a variety of community types including mixed shrubland, lancewood woodland, mallee woodland, Although potentially suitable habitat Not recorded eucalypt/Acacia open forest with shrubby understorey, Eucalyptus/Callitris open woodland is present this species is not Euphorbiaceae Bertya opponens V within the and SEVT on shallow and rocky or much deeper and well-drained soils (DoEE 2017, DSITI currently known from the Site. Site. 2017c). Specimen records from the Fairview Gas Field located to the northwest of the Site Specimen records closest to the Site indicate that the species has been recorded from sandstone plateaus and slopes in remnant occur 38 km northwest of 9SP26435 and regrowth eucalypt/acacia woodland including where these communities occur along the (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). margins of SEVT (DSITI 2017b, BOOBOOK unpublished data). Endemic to Queensland where it is known from disjunct populations in the Isla Gorge area, sandstone uplands between Injune and Taroom and the Monogorilby/Allies Creek/Koko State Forest area southwest of Mundubbera (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). It grows on shallow Unlikely to be present. Not recorded sandy soils (lithosols) of sandstone cliff tops and ridges (DSITI 2017c) in eucalypt woodland Myrtaceae Eucalyptus beaniana V Specimen records closest to the Site within the or open forest, co-dominant or associated with Spotted Gum (Corymbia citriodora subsp. occur 36 km northeast of 9SP26435 Site. variegata), Gympie Messmate (Eucalyptus cloeziana), E. suffulgens, Large-fruited (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). Yellowjacket (C. watsoniana), Brown Bloodwood (C. trachyphloia) and Narrow-leaved White Mahogany (E. tenuipes) (DSITI 2017c, TSSC 2008b).
Rev 0 18 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Scientific / Common Field Survey Family Statusi Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Name Results
Unlikely to be present. The core area of distribution for this species is within southeast Queensland and northeast Although potentially suitable habitat New South Wales (ALA 2016); however, outlying and disjunct populations associated with is present this species is not Not recorded Poaceae Arthraxon hispidus V springs or spring-fed wetlands occur in the Carnarvon Range and Taroom area (DSITI 2017 currently known from the Site. within the HERBRECS). In Queensland, this species has been recorded growing in or on the edges of Specimen records closest to the Site Site. rainforest and in wet eucalypt forest, often near creeks or swamps (TSSC 2008a). occur 99 km northeast of 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). Unlikely to be present. Occurs in Queensland and north-eastern NSW (ALA 2017). In Queensland, it is patchily recorded from Toowoomba in the south to the upper Burdekin River catchment in the Although potentially suitable habitat is present this species is not Dichanthium setosum north. It grows on basaltic black clays and hard-setting red-brown loams (DoEE 2017) in Not recorded Poaceae V woodland or open grassy woodland dominated by Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) and/or currently known from the Site. within the A bluegrass eucalypt species (DSITI 2017c). In Queensland and NSW it has also been found in moderately Specimen records closest to the Site Site. disturbed areas such as cleared woodland, grassy roadside remnants and highly disturbed occur in Carnarvon NP and the pasture (DoEE 2017). Springsure / Emerald area (ALA 2017, DSITI 201b). Potentially present. Although potentially suitable habitat Occurs in northern NSW and the southern Brigalow Belt of Queensland (ALA 2017, DoEE is present this species is not Not recorded Homopholis belsonii 2017). Within Queensland it principally occurs in Poplar Box (Eucalyptus populnea), Brigalow Poaceae V currently known from the Site. within the (Acacia harpophylla) and Belah (Casuarina cristata) dominated communities where it grows Belson’s Panic Specimen records closest to the Site Site. preferentially in shaded areas (DoEE 2017). occur 42 km southwest and 62 km southeast of 3AB208 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). Potentially present. Occurs in northern NSW and southern Queensland (DoEE 2017). Within Queensland it Although potentially suitable habitat is present this species is not Cadellia pentastylis occurs patchily from near Rockhampton westward to near Blackall and southward to the Not recorded Surianaceae V State border (DSITI 2017b) where it occurs on undulating plains, valley slopes, hillsides and currently known from the Site. within the Ooline scarps, often in association with Brigalow and SEVT communities (DoEE 2017, Santos 2012). Specimen records closest to the Site Site. Potentially suitable REs within the Site include 11.9.5, 11.9.5a and 11.10.8. occur 40 km east of 3AB208 and 56 km northeast of 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). i E = Endangered; V = Vulnerable
Rev 0 19 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.1.3. Threatened Fauna
An assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of EPBC Act listed threatened fauna potentially occurring in the Site is summarised in Table 8. Two species of EPBC Act listed threatened fauna were recorded during the field survey at the Site. Mapped occurrences of EPBC Act listed fauna detected during the survey are shown in Appendix J. Table 8: Field survey and likelihood of assessment results for EPBC Act threatened fauna within the Site.
Scientific / Common Field Survey Class Statusii Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Name Results
Passage migrant to Australia and summer resident using permanent and ephemeral Unlikely to be present. Not recorded Calidris ferruginea shallow wetlands (Birdlife Australia 2017). Most common along or within close CE The Site is within the broader distribution of the within the proximity to the coast but does occur inland (DoEE 2017). Formerly common the Curlew Sandpiper species however no suitable wetland habitat is Site. species has undergone a recent decline in numbers (Garnet et al. 2011). present within the Site. Potentially present. A highly mobile species with a large home range; breeding habitat is in intact tall Erythrotriorchis Not recorded forest associated with major drainage lines, especially near permanent water bodies Riparian habitat with tall trees that could radiatus V within the and where there is high avian prey diversity, but the species could potentially potentially support this species is present at Site. Red Goshawk forage much further away from these areas (Marchant and Higgins 1993). Eurombah and Slatehill Creeks; however the species is not known to occur at the Site.
Geophaps scripta Inhabits grassy woodlands with open areas for foraging habitat usually within Likely to be present. Not recorded scripta proximity to a nearby water source (Higgins and Davies 1996). Known to occur V The species is most likely to occur within suitable within the Squatter Pigeon within the Spring Gully Gas Field at the northern end of the Site e.g. 9SP262435 habitat north of Eurombah Creek. Site. (southern subspecies) (New Ground 2013, GHD 2013, Australia Pacific LNG (2012b). Birds Potentially present. Not recorded Grantiella picta Lives/breeds in woodlands and open forests with high densities of suitable food Habitats containing mistletoe including Brigalow V and eucalypt woodlands are present within the within the Painted Honeyeater plants (i.e. mistletoes, family Loranthaceae) (Higgins et al. 2001). Site; however mistletoe was generally infrequent Site. within the Site. Unlikely to be present. Neochmia ruficauda The Site is within the known historical range of the species (Birdlife Australia 2017); Although within the historical distribution of the Not recorded ruficauda E however the subspecies is possibly extinct (Garnett et al. 2011). Formerly used tall species and potentially suitable habitat is within the Eastern Star Finch grasslands associated with watercourses (DoEE 2017). present the Site is outside of the extant range of Site. the species. Potentially present. Rostratula australis Forages at shallow edges and adjacent vegetated margins of freshwater wetlands Not recorded Potentially suitable habitat is present at farm Australian Painted E (DoEE 2017) and is able to use both artificial and natural ephemeral and permanent within the dams, within one small wetland at 3AB63 and Snipe wetlands (Marchant and Higgins 1993). Site. associated with watercourses at the Site.
Rev 0 20 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Scientific / Common Field Survey Class Statusii Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Name Results
Unlikely to be present. Maccullochella peelii In Queensland naturally-occurring populations of this species are confined to Not recorded Fish V permanent water in riverine environments in the Condamine, Maranoa-Balonne, Although the Site contains watercourses with within the Murray Cod Weir and Moonie River catchments (Lintermans 2007). waterholes the species does not naturally occur Site. within the Fitzroy River catchment. Potentially present. All known occurrences of this species are within or near forested landscapes with Not recorded Chalinolobus dwyeri relatively high relief (DSITI 2017c). The species may be present in uplands with Although no caves were detected during the V within the likely presence of appropriate geology (usually sandstone) providing essential survey potentially suitable habitat (i.e. rock Large-eared Pied Bat Site. habitat (caves, crevices, holes) and associated foraging habitat. holes/crevices) is present within 9SP262435 and 3047SP273877. Potentially present. Formerly widespread in south-central Queensland this species has declined Not recorded Dasyurus hallucatus markedly and is now confined to rugged and remote areas throughout its The Site is within the historical species range and E within the distribution (Burnett 2012). Forested uplands with high relief and/or containing potentially suitable den sites (i.e. rock Northern Quoll Site. abundant rock outcrops may support the species. holes/crevices) are present within 9SP262435 and 3047SP273877.
Nyctophilus corbeni Potentially present. Not recorded Mammals The distribution and habitat preferences of this species are very poorly known; it V within the South-eastern Long- inhabits a range of dry forest types in south central Queensland (Reardon 2012). Potentially suitable foraging and roosting habitat eared Bat is present in remnant woodland within the Site. Site. Likely to be present. Petauroides volans Occurs in eucalypt woodlands and open forest particularly those containing large Not recorded V hollows (TSSC 2016). Distribution includes the northern end of the Site and it is Potentially suitable habitat is present at within the Greater Glider known to occur within the Spring Gully Development Area (GHD 2013). Eurombah and Slatehill Creeks. Site. Confirmed. This species requires eucalypt woodland and forest habitat with suitable food trees Phascolarctos cinereus Evidence (primarily Eucalyptus spp.) (DoEE 2017). Woodlands containing food trees in Scratches indicating foraging within the Site recorded Koala (combined V riparian/alluvial areas are particularly favoured (Melzer et al. 2014). Potential food were observed on eucalypts at Barton and within the populations of QLD, trees occurring within the Site include Eucalyptus tereticornis, E. camaldulensis, E. Sugarloaf Creeks. Also likely to occur at other Site. NSW and the ACT) populnea, E. melanophloia, E. orgadophila and E. crebra. watercourses containing suitable food trees (e.g. Eurombah, Slatehill Creeks). Potentially present. Not recorded Delma torquata Occupies a range of eucalypt woodlands and open forests; lives under surface rock V Eucalypt woodland with potentially suitable within the and large woody debris (Wilson 2005). Collared Delma shelter sites (e.g. small rocks) is present within Site. the Site. Reptiles Occurs in lowlands associated with the Dawson and Fitzroy catchments (DoEE Unlikely to be present. Denisonia maculata 2017). Known southerly distribution limit is approximately Lake Nuga Nuga (ALA The Site is not within the known range of the Not recorded V 2017). Lives in woodland and grassland with cracking clay soils, usually in close species (ALA 2017). Habitats with preferred within the Ornamental Snake proximity to wet or seasonally wet areas e.g. billabongs, gilgais, floodplains, riparian substrate (e.g. deep cracking clay, gilgais) is Site. corridors (DoEE 2017). absent from the Site.
Rev 0 21 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Scientific / Common Field Survey Class Statusii Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Name Results
Lives in a range of woodland and open forests dominated by Eucalyptus, Acacia and Potentially present. Not recorded Egernia rugosa Callitris spp.; also grassland with regrowth trees (DoEE 2017). Requires suitable soils V Eucalypt woodland and non-remnant area with within the for burrows or shelters in sinkholes, abandoned rabbit warrens or large fallen/piled Yakka Skink potentially suitable shelter sites (e.g. large logs, Site. woody material (Eddie 2012). log piles) is present within the Site.
Elseya albagula Occurs in the Fitzroy and Dawson River catchments where it requires permanent Confirmed. Recorded White-throated CE water in riverine environments (Limpus et al. 2011). Known to occur within upper Single individual sighted within waterhole at within the Snapping Turtle Dawson River tributaries (e.g. Eurombah Creek). Eurombah Creek at 3047SP273877. Site. Potentially present. Not recorded Furina dunmalli Occupies woodlands and open forests; may be reliant on presence of abundant V Potentially suitable foraging and shelter habitat within the fallen woody debris (Hobson 2012). Dunmall’s Snake is present in remnant and regrowth REs Site. throughout the Site. The species is confined to the Fitzroy and Dawson River catchments where it Unlikely to be present. Not recorded Rheodytes leukops requires permanent water in riverine environments; however, its presence in the V within the upper Dawson River tributaries (e.g. Eurombah Creek) has not been confirmed to Potentially suitable habitat is present but the Fitzroy River Turtle Site. date (Limpus et al. 2011). Site is not within the known range of the species. ii CE = Critically Endangered; E = Endangered; V = Vulnerable
Rev 0 22 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.1.4. Migratory and Marine Fauna
No EPBC Act listed migratory fauna and eight listed marine fauna (refer to Table 6) were recorded during the field survey at the Site (Appendix J). An assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of EPBC Act listed migratory fauna listed within database search results is summarised within Table 9. Although the Site contains habitats known or likely to be utilised by EPBC Act listed marine species there is no important habitat for oceanic marine fauna or shorebirds. Table 9: Likelihood assessment results for EPBC Act migratory and marine fauna identified within database searches.
EPBC Act Field Survey Class Scientific / Common Name Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Status Results
Likely to be present. An aerial seasonal migrant to Australia present between October – April (Pizzey and Apus pacificus Migratory, Not recorded Knight 2010). Known to occur within the Spring Gully Development Area at the The Site is within the known range of the Marine within the Site. Fork-tailed Swift northern end of the Site (BOOBOOK unpublished data). species and it may overfly any part of Site. Ardea modesta (as A. alba in Marine Likely to be present. PMST) Freshwater wetlands, including artificial water-bodies in disturbed habitats (Pizzey Potentially suitable habitat within Not recorded Eastern Great Egret (as Great and Knight 2010). streams, farm dams and small wetlands within the Site. Egret, White Egret in PMST) is present within the Site. Marine Widely distributed through coastal and near-coastal Australia but a scarce visitor to Ardea ibis Potentially present. Not recorded southern inland Queensland (Birdlife Australia 2017). Frequents freshwater wetlands within the Site. Cattle Egret but often forages in pasture; roosts in wetlands (Pizzey and Knight 2010). Casual visitor to the region only. Unlikely to be present. Birds Passage migrant to Australia and summer resident using permanent and ephemeral Calidris ferruginea Migratory, shallow wetlands (Birdlife Australia 2017). Most common along or within close The Site is within the broader distribution Not recorded of the species however no suitable Curlew Sandpiper Marine proximity to the coast but does occur inland (DoEE 2017). Formerly common the within the Site. species has undergone a recent decline in numbers (Garnet et al. 2011). wetland habitat is present within the Site. Likely to be present – Coracina tenuirostris Summer migrant occurring within woodlands and open forests; distribution Not recorded Marine Potentially suitable foraging and nesting Cicadabird encompasses the Site (Birdlife Australia 2017). habitat is present in woodland patches within the Site. throughout the Site. Potentially present. Cuculus optatus Migratory, Summer migrant occurring within woodlands and open forests; distribution Casual visitor to the region only. Not recorded Potentially suitable foraging habitat is Oriental Cuckoo Marine encompasses the Site (Birdlife Australia 2017). within the Site. present in woodlands and creek lines at the Site.
Rev 0 23 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
EPBC Act Field Survey Class Scientific / Common Name Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Status Results
Gallinago hardwickii Passage migrant from japan in spring and autumn, using permanent and ephemeral Likely to be present. Migratory, shallow wetlands (Birdlife Australia 2017). Feeds on invertebrates found on the Not recorded Latham's Snipe, Japanese Marine margins of freshwater wetlands, including artificial water-bodies (Pizzey and Knight Potentially suitable habitat is limited but within the Site. Snipe 2010). occurs within a small wetland at the Site.
More common coastally but some birds occur and breed far inland along major rivers, Likely to be present. including the Condamine-Balonne and Fitzroy-Dawson systems (Birdlife Australia Haliaeetus leucogaster Not recorded Marine 2017). Birds are occasionally seen well away from major watercourses but preferred Suitable foraging and breeding habitat is within the Site. White-bellied Sea-eagle habitat at the Site is restricted to permanent waters of watercourses. It is known to present at Eurombah and Slatehill Creeks occur at Eurombah Creek upstream of 3047SP273877 (BOOBOOK unpublished data). within the Site. Likely to be present. An aerial seasonal migrant to Australia present between October – April (Pizzey and Hirundapus caudacutus Migratory, Not recorded Knight 2010). Known to occur within the Spring Gully Development Area at the The Site is within the known range of the Marine within the Site. White-throated Needletail northern end of the Site (BOOBOOK unpublished data). species and it may overfly any part of Site. Widespread and abundant species frequently present in southern inland Queensland Confirmed. Merops ornatus Recorded Marine during spring and summer (Birdlife Australia 2017, Barrett et al. 2003). Feeds on aerial Recorded flying over multiple locations Rainbow Bee-eater within the Site. insects and nests in burrows in sandy soils (Pizzey and Knight 2010). within the Site.
Motacilla flava Migratory, Rare migrant from northern hemisphere; forages in open habitats (Birdlife Australia Unlikely to be present. Not recorded Yellow Wagtail Marine 2017, Pizzey and Knight 2010). Vagrant species within the region. within the Site. October-April breeding migrant to south-eastern Australia (Birdlife Australia 2017). Potentially present. Myiagra cyanoleuca Migratory, Not recorded Insectivorous and live in closed forests and moist open forests (Pizzey and Knight Potentially suitable foraging habitat is Satin Flycatcher Marine within the Site. 2010). present throughout the Site. Likely to be present. Rhipidura rufifrons Migratory, Winter migrant to northern Australia; occurring in closed and other dense forests and Potentially suitable foraging habitat is Not recorded Rufous Fantail Marine shrubby woodlands (Birdlife Australia 2017). present in dense woodland and vine within the Site. thicket at the Site.
Rev 0 24 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.2. Queensland Environmental Matters
Field survey results for State environmental matters are summarised in Table 10. Table 10: State environmental matters – field survey results.
Present State Environmental Matters Location Descriptioniii Status*iv Comments (Y/N) Nine remnant and nine regrowth 11.9.5 Acacia harpophylla and/or Casuarina Present in small clumps, linear strips (shadelines) or Y patches within the Site. See Appendix cristata open forest on fine-grained Endangered patches connected to similar vegetation outside the 200 m buffer. Endangered regional I. sedimentary rocks ecosystems One immature regrowth patch north 11.9.4 Semi-evergreen vine thicket or Acacia Patch dominated by Narrow-leaved Backhousia Y of Eurombah Creek crossing. See harpophylla with a semi-evergreen vine thicket Endangered (Backhousia angustifolia) and mapped in IRE (Origin Appendix I. understorey on fine-grained sedimentary rocks 2016) as RE 11.9.5a. One remnant patch on 2AB37. See 11.3.2 Eucalyptus populnea woodland on Isolated patch which is connected to similar Y Of Concern Appendix I. alluvial plains vegetation outside the 200 m buffer. Riparian corridors on Barton, 11.3.25 Eucalyptus tereticornis or E. Riparian corridors dissected by existing Eurombah Y Eurombah, Slatehill and Sugarloaf Of Concern camaldulensis woodland fringing drainage lines Lateral High Pressure Gas pipeline crossings. Creeks. See Appendix I. Contains elements of RE 11.9.10 and 11.10.7 Of concern regional 11.9.7 Eucalyptus populnea, Eremophila (scattered Belah (Casuarina cristata) and nearby ecosystems One remnant patch south of Slatehill Y mitchellii shrubby woodland on fine-grained Of Concern coarse-grained sandstone outcropping) however Creek. See Appendix I. sedimentary rocks patch best fits 11.9.7 based on soil type, dominant floristics and pre-clearing RE mapping (DSITI 2017a) Two remnant patches, one each on 11.10.8 Semi-evergreen vine thicket in Y 9SP262435 and 3047SP273877. See sheltered habitats on medium to coarse- Of Concern N/A Appendix I. grained sedimentary rocks Population estimated to be 509 individuals One population on 3047SP273877. comprised of mature plants in full flower, saplings Y A Myrtle-bush (Sannantha brachypoda) Vulnerable NC Act listed flora (EVNT) See Appendix J and seedlings. See BOOBOOK (2017a) for further detail.
White-throated Snapping Turtle (Elseya 3047SP273877 (Eurombah Creek) Endangered Single individual sighted at pool in creek. albagula) NC Act listed fauna (EVNT) Y Barton Creek (Pine Hills Road Scratches indicating foraging within the Site were easement/5AB37; Sugarloaf Creeks Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) Vulnerable recorded on eucalypts. (3AB63)
Rev 0 25 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Present State Environmental Matters Location Descriptioniii Status*iv Comments (Y/N) A Maidenhair Fern (Adiantum sp.) Black Orchid (Cymbidium canaliculatum ) Bottle Tree Hybrid (Brachychiton x turgidulus) Bristly Cloak Fern (Cheilanthes distans) Broad-leaved Bottle Tree (B. australis) Floating Pondweed (Potamogeton tricarinatus) Special Least Y See Appendix J N/A Special Least Concern flora Kurrajong (B. populneus) Concern Mulga Fern (Cheilanthes sieberi) Narrow-leaved Bottle Tree (B. rupestris) Poison Pratia (Lobelia concolor) Sandalwood (Santalum lanceolatum ) Silver Elkhorn (Platycerium veitchii) Special Least Rainbow Bee-eater (Merops ornatus) Recorded flying over multiple sites. Concern Y See Appendix J Special Least Concern fauna Special Least Short-beaked Echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) Presence indicated by scats. Concern
iii RE description and status taken from DSITI 2016a iv Status taken from NC Reg and NC Mgt Reg
Rev 0 26 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.2.1. Ground-truthed Regional Ecosystems
Results of RE ground-truthing is described in Table 11 and mapped in Appendix I. Table 11: Ground-truthed remnant and regrowth regional ecosystems.
RE Polygon Biodiversity RE ID REDD Short description Field Description Condition TEC Justification Identifiers Statusv Eucalyptus populnea woodland; midlayer dominated by Geijera parviflora, Eremophila One small (0.5 ha) isolated polygon Remnant Eucalyptus populnea woodland 43AF93033049A00 OC mitchellii and Acacia excelsa; grassy ground connected to a patch outside of 200 N/A 11.3.2 on alluvial plains layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris and m buffer on 2AB37. Enteropogon ramosus. Eucalyptus tereticornis woodland with 36B6D15F6603BEF Riparian corridors on Barton, associated Casuarina cunninghamiana and A1041C77B03D731 Eurombah, Slatehill and Sugarloaf Angophora floribunda; variable midlayer of 6CB5AD5949C81F2 Eucalyptus tereticornis or E. Creeks dissected by existing Remnant Melaleuca trichostachya, Geijera parviflora, 6E64552042462F2 OC camaldulensis woodland Eurombah Lateral High Pressure Gas N/A 11.3.25 Acacia salicina, A. deanei and Capparis 593F25630EC8E0B fringing drainage lines pipeline crossings. Polygons were mitchellii; grassy ground layer of F7D0E725A6C4869 connected to patches outside of 200 Megathyrsus maximus, Lomandra longifolia, 70838E59330F448 m buffer. Cenchrus ciliaris and Chloris gayana. Five polygons totalling 9.34 ha occur at the Site as narrow corridors along Eucalyptus melanophloia woodland with 438EA7477AC8D5F Lambing Gully (3AB208) and adjoins Eucalyptus melanophloia +/- E. associated E. populnea and Corymbia 5725DBC81173F87 Eurombah Creek riparian corridor Remnant chloroclada open woodland on tessellaris; very sparse midlayer of Geijera 1D802EC974528FB NCAP (3047SP273877). Corridors dissected N/A 11.3.39 undulating plains and valleys parviflora, Capparis mitchellii and Carissa 4A75A89E76807F9 by existing Eurombah Lateral High with sandy soils ovata; grassy ground layer dominated by 5A64DB8B2068F7C Pressure Gas pipeline crossings Cenchrus ciliaris. and/or connected to patches outside 200 m buffer. Eucalyptus orgadophila woodland to open Two polygons totalling 0.9 ha, both Eucalyptus melanophloia +/- E. woodland; lower tree layer of dominated by Remnant 4002910326955DF connected to patches outside of 200 NCAP orgadophila woodland on fine- Psydrax johnsonii; shrub layer dominated by N/A 11.9.2 3147EA496E834CE m buffer on 3AB208 and grained sedimentary rocks Hovea longipes; ground layer dominated by 3047SP273877. Cenchrus ciliaris Eucalyptus melanophloia +/- E. One patch (4.38 ha) occurred on orgadophila woodland on fine- Mixed Eucalyptus orgadophila woodland No parts of the canopy slope above Eurombah Creek on Remnant grained sedimentary rocks / with associated Casuarina cristata and dominated by Acacia 3047SP273877. Elements of both REs 11.9.2/11.9.5 3BDC270C7657109 NCAP/E Acacia harpophylla and/or Acacia harpophylla; midlayer of varying harpophylla, therefore difficult to map separately and (80%/20%) Casuarina cristata open forest densities dominated by softwood species; did not meet Brigalow possibly represents an ecotonal on fine-grained sedimentary grassy ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. TEC criteria (TSSC 2013). fragment. rocks
Rev 0 27 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
RE Polygon Biodiversity RE ID REDD Short description Field Description Condition TEC Justification Identifiers Statusv SEVT TEC criteria (TSSC 2001) does not currently describe thresholds for Semi-evergreen vine thicket or SEVT regrowth, therefore Immature Acacia harpophylla with a semi- Backhousia angustifolia shrubland with One small (0.65 ha) isolated patch of did not meet TEC. The regrowth 155825B8227CF4A E evergreen vine thicket associated Acacia decora; grassy ground immature regrowth RE 11.9.4 on canopy was dominated 11.9.4 understorey on fine-grained layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. 3047SP273877. by one species, hence sedimentary rocks had not developed floristics typical of mature SEVT. Three polygons totalling Acacia harpophylla and Casuarina cristata Eight polygons of remnant RE 11.9.5 3.67 ha met Brigalow TEC Acacia harpophylla and/or open forest; midlayer dominated by canopy totalling 7.19 ha were present. Remnant 21E826F46C9345E criteria: remnant Acacia Casuarina cristata open forest recruits, Geijera parviflora, Eremophila Patches dominated by Casuarina 11.9.5 44D261CA7B59867 E harpophylla dominated on fine-grained sedimentary mitchellii, Croton insularis, Pittosporum cristata were more common towards Brigalow TEC 5AB766826B095B1 RE 11.9.5 meeting rocks spinescens and Carissa ovata; gassy ground the northern end of the Site. All structural and condition layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. polygons except 59276262218258C, criteria (TSSC 2013). were connected to patches outside Casuarina cristata open forest +/- associated Five polygons totalling 23F2A04D3BDDE3B the 200 m buffer. All patches had a Acacia harpophylla and/or Acacia harpophylla, Eucalyptus populnea; 3.52 ha were dominated 59276262218258C ground layer dominated by the non- Remnant Casuarina cristata open forest midlayer of canopy recruits, Eremophila by Casuarina cristata and 1FF54D0AFDB6175 E native grass Cenchrus ciliaris but did 11.9.5 on fine-grained sedimentary mitchellii, Geijera parviflora, Psydrax therefore did not meet 71F633C147B324A not exceed >50% total vegetation rocks johnsonii and Carissa ovata; grassy ground Brigalow TEC criteria 74D466A039L233B cover. layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. (TSSC 2013). Acacia harpophylla open scrub with Two isolated polygons of advanced associated Casuarina cristata; sparse regrowth totalling 1.84 ha on 6AB37 Two polygons met midlayer of canopy recruits and Carissa and 5SP110490. Many trees with low regrowth Brigalow TEC ovata; grassy ground layer dominated by Advanced Acacia harpophylla and/or DBH, canopy height and sparse criteria: regrowth Acacia Cenchrus ciliaris/Acacia harpophylla open regrowth 4B0E88960AFE4FF Casuarina cristata open forest canopy cover indicated these patches harpophylla dominated E woodland with associated Casuarina cristata 11.9.5 549BCCFC43AD598 on fine-grained sedimentary did not meet remnant criteria. All RE 11.9.5 meeting age, and Atalaya hemiglauca; midlayer Brigalow TEC rocks patches had a ground layer patch size, structural and dominated by Eremophila mitchellii; very dominated by the non-native grass floristic criteria (TSSC sparse shrub layer of canopy recruits and Cenchrus ciliaris but did not exceed 2013). Capparis lasiantha; grassy ground layer of >50% total vegetation cover. Cenchrus ciliaris.
Rev 0 28 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
RE Polygon Biodiversity RE ID REDD Short description Field Description Condition TEC Justification Identifiers Statusv Five polygons of immature regrowth did not meet Brigalow TEC Acacia harpophylla open scrub to tall open Five polygons of immature regrowth criteria: all were polygons shrubland; poor developed midlayer (if 58DE8A8E4EEF899 totalling 76.52 ha were present. All of Acacia harpophylla Acacia harpophylla and/or present) of Santalum lanceolatum, Geijera Immature 4C1E7A3B4EFACDA polygons except 7F2B285B3F57818, dominated RE 11.9.5 Casuarina cristata open forest parviflora, Carissa ovata and Alectryon Regrowth 785B18DD1C4E682 E were connected to patches outside however on fine-grained sedimentary diversifolius; grassy ground layer of 11.9.5 CD497C0118EB4D7 the 200 m buffer. All patches had a 7F2B285B3F57818 was rocks dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris with 7F2B285B3F57818 ground layer dominated by the non- <0.5 ha and the occasional native perennial spp. (e.g. native grass Cenchrus ciliaris. remaining four polygons Enteropogon ramosus). did not meet age, structural and condition criteria (TSSC 2013). One polygon did not Acacia harpophylla and/or Eremophila mitchellii low open woodland One polygon totalling 1.1 ha mapped meet TEC criteria (TSSC Immature Casuarina cristata open forest with scattered mature Acacia harpophylla on hillslope on 2AB37 with very poor 2013) due to lack of Regrowth 130599873119328 E on fine-grained sedimentary trees; grassy ground layer dominated by canopy condition and dominated by canopy dominated by 11.9.5 rocks Cenchrus ciliaris. the non-native grass Cenchrus ciliaris. Acacia harpophylla and poor condition. One polygon was Acacia harpophylla and/or Immature Casuarina cristata low woodland; midlayer One polygon totalling 2.2 ha mapped dominated by Casuarina Casuarina cristata open forest Regrowth 74578D782582206 E dominated by Carissa ovata; regenerating on 9SP262435 recently regenerating cristata and therefore did on fine-grained sedimentary 11.9.5 ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. after fire. not meet Brigalow TEC rocks criteria (TSSC 2013). Eucalyptus populnea woodland with Eucalyptus populnea, associated Casuarina cristata and Eucalyptus One polygon totalling 1.94 ha Remnant Eremophila mitchellii shrubby chloroclada; midlayer composed of adjoining vegetation corridor along 3F6DFAA2108804A OC N/A 11.9.7 woodland on fine-grained Eremophila mitchellii, Geijera parviflora and Slatehill Creek mapped on sedimentary rocks Acacia decora; grassy ground layer of 4RP866852 Cenchrus ciliaris. Ten polygons totalling 18.19 ha 3121008451B7E1D Eucalyptus melanophloia and E. populnea located on 3RP866852, 4RP866852 643324945224D2B woodland +/- associated Callitris and 3047SP273877. All polygons 9306520228126C3 glaucophylla, Casuarina cristata, Eucalyptus except 276B7A365F58D2E and 6A7FF3D67FF414A Eucalyptus crebra woodland on orgadophila and Brachychiton rupestris; 467DB5792CFB589 (both adjoining Remnant E4612B21BD93ACB NCAP coarse-grained sedimentary midlayer variably composed of Eremophila Eurombah Creek) showed evidence N/A 11.10.7 467DB5792CFB589 rocks mitchellii, Geijera parviflora, Psydrax of historical clearing and thinning. 36534F6F7868D7E johnsonii, Notelaea microcarpa, Diospyros Presence of SEVT species suggests 276B7A365F58D2E humilis, Hovea longipes and Carissa ovata; lack of fire. Four polygons were 57B5406415D3B48 grassy ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. connected to patches outside the 2D087F4E5127B3D 200 m buffer.
Rev 0 29 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
RE Polygon Biodiversity RE ID REDD Short description Field Description Condition TEC Justification Identifiers Statusv Eucalyptus crebra woodland on One polygon totalling 1.27 ha Eucalyptus orgadophila woodland to open coarse-grained sedimentary occurred on slope above Eurombah Remnant woodland; lower tree layer of dominated by rocks / Eucalyptus Creek on 3047SP273877. Elements of 11.10.7/11.9. 37E773B825E277B NCAP/NCAP Psydrax johnsonii; shrub layer dominated by N/A melanophloia +/- E. both REs difficult to map separately 2 (80%/20%) Hovea longipes; ground layer dominated by orgadophila woodland on fine- and possibly represents an ecotonal Cenchrus ciliaris grained sedimentary rocks fragment. Eucalyptus crebra woodland on coarse-grained sedimentary Eucalyptus melanophloia and E. populnea Remnant One patch totalling 5.1 ha on 6AB37 rocks / Eucalyptus populnea, E. open woodland; midlayer composed of 11.10.7/11.10 connected to patch outside the 200 1E15ADD74C94348 NCAP/NCAP melanophloia +/- Callitris canopy recruits, Eremophila mitchellii, Hovea N/A .11 m buffer. Evidence of historical glaucophylla woodland on longipes and Carissa ovata; grassy ground (70%/30%) clearing and thinning was present. coarse-grained sedimentary layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. rocks Two polygons totalling 2.06 ha. Two polygons of remnant 3EB74B077A09B54 extended outside SEVT were referable to Semi-evergreen vine thicket in Semi-evergreen vine thicket with emergent of the 200 m buffer along a steep- RE 11.10.8 (evidence of Remnant 3EB74B077A09B54 sheltered habitats on medium Casuarina cristata, Brachychiton rupestris sided rocky gully/gorge on OC sandstone outcropping) 11.10.8 28A9FC107E55C6D to coarse-grained sedimentary and Eucalyptus orgadophila; patchy ground 9SP262435. which is not a listed rocks layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. 28A9FC107E55C6D extended along component of the SEVT the upper slope above Eurombah TEC (TSSC 2001). Creek on 3047SP273877. Callitris glaucophylla open forest with emergent Eucalyptus melanophloia and Callitris glaucophylla woodland One small portion (0.87 ha) Remnant Corymbia erythrophloia; midlayer dominated 36ACAF4A7C01496 NCAP on coarse-grained sedimentary connected to larger patch outside N/A 11.10.9 by C. glaucophylla; sparse grassy ground rocks 200 m buffer on 3AB208. layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris and Aristida spp. Immature Callitris glaucophylla woodland Callitris glaucophylla and Eucalyptus One small (0.29 ha) patch of Regrowth 3387C28625C7A3B NCAP on coarse-grained sedimentary melanophloia dominated narrow corridor of immature regrowth along a drainage N/A 11.10.9 rocks regrowth. feature on 3AB208. Eucalyptus populnea open woodland with Eucalyptus populnea, E. Three patches totalling 8.28 ha associated Casuarina crista and Eucalyptus 57EB60393472B8D melanophloia +/- Callitris adjoined riparian corridors of either Remnant melanophloia; midlayer composed of 7845F1E747BF784 NCAP glaucophylla woodland on Slatehill or Eurombah Creek. N/A 11.10.11 Eremophila mitchellii, Geijera parviflora, 73F440457DDB180 coarse-grained sedimentary Evidence of historical clearing and Psydrax johnsonii and Carissa ovata; grassy rocks thinning was present. ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris.
v RE status and description taken from DSITI 2016a
Rev 0 30 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.2.2. Threatened Flora
One species of NC Act listed flora was recorded during the field survey at the Site this being a Myrtle-bush (Sannantha brachypoda). The occurrence of these species at the Site is summarised within Table 12 and mapped locations are shown in Appendix J. An assessment of the likelihood of occurrence, based on field inspection results, of other NC Act listed threatened flora identified within the desktop searches (Table 5) is summarised in Table 12. NC Act listed flora also listed under the EPBC Act are assessed in section 4.2.1.2 and discussed in Table 7. Table 12: Field survey results for NC Act EVNT flora with potentially suitable RE and likelihood of occurrence.
Scientific / Potentially Family Statusvi Likelihood of Occurrence Common Name Suitable RE
Unlikely to be present. Acacia calantha 11.10.7 (marginal No suitable habitat (RE 11.10.6, 11.10.13) occurs within the Mimosaceae NT Cracow Wattle habitat?) Site. Specimen records closest to the Site occur 34 km north- northeast 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c).
Unlikely to be present. Acacia islana 11.10.7 (marginal No suitable habitat (RE 11.10.13) occurs within the Site. Mimosaceae V Isla Gorge Wattle habitat?) Specimen records closest to the Site occur 33 km north- northeast 9SP26435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c).
Unlikely to be present. Melaleuca irbyana Although potentially suitable habitat is present this species is Myrtaceae E 11.10.7 not currently known from the Site. Specimen records closest Swamp Tea-tree to the Site occur 40 km northwest of 9SP262435 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c).
Confirmed. Sannantha One population comprising approximately 509 individuals was brachypoda in a rocky gully and adjoining hill slope in Silver-leaved Myrtaceae V 11.10.7 Ironbark woodland (E. melanophloia) on 3047SP273877. A Myrtle-bush Mature plants in full flower, saplings and seedlings were observed. See BOOBOOK (2017a) for further detail.
Potentially present. Solanum Although potentially suitable habitat is present this species is stenopterum Solanaceae V 11.3.2 not currently known from the Site. Specimen record closest to Winged Nightshade the Site occurs 46 km southeast of 3AB208 (ALA 2017, DSITI 2017c). vi E = Endangered; V = Vulnerable; NT = Near Threatened
Rev 0 31 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.2.3. Threatened Fauna
Two species of NC Act listed fauna were detected during the field survey, these being Koala and White-throated Snapping Turtle. The occurrence of these species within the Site is discussed within section 4.2.1.3. Refer also to section 4.2.1.3 for an assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of NC Act fauna listed as threatened under the EPBC Act. An assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of all other NC Act listed threatened fauna potentially occurring at the Site based on the desktop assessment is summarised within Table 13. Table 13: Likelihood of occurrence of NC Act EVNT fauna potentially occurring at the Site.
Scientific / Common Name Statusvii Distribution and Known Habitat Use Likelihood of Occurrence Field Survey Results
Likely to be present. Dependent on the fruits of several species of Casuarina and Allocasuarina spp. and occurs in a Potentially suitable habitat with Not recorded within the Calyptorhynchus lathami variety of forest types (Pizzey and Knight 2010, Garnett et al. 2011). It will visit isolated trees V and remnant patches where food trees are present (Holmes 2012). Nesting habitat is hollow- food plants including Casuarina Site. Glossy Black-Cockatoo cristata are present within the bearing live or dead trees (Higgins 1999). Site is within the known range of the species and previously recorded from the Spring Gully gas field (BOOBOOK unpublished data). Site. Occurrence within the Site is likely to be on a transient basis. Potentially present. Not recorded within the Ninox strenua Large forest-dwelling owl occurring in dense eucalypt woodlands and open forests with high V prey (gliders, possums, large rodents) abundance; occupies large home range (Pizzey and Potentially suitable foraging and Site. Powerful Owl roosting habitat is present within Knight 2010, Birdlife 2017). Site is within the known range of the species (Birdlife 2017). the northern part of the Site. Potentially present. Not recorded within the Jalmenus eubulus Usually associated with Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) open forests and woodlands (Valentine V Habitat with suitable food plants Site. Pale Imperial Hairstreak and Johnson 2012). (e.g. Acacia harpophylla) is present
within the Site. Potentially present. Not recorded within the Acanthophis antarcticus A widespread but patchily distributed snake (ALA 2015). Lives in woodlands, open forests and Potentially suitable habitat with V heathlands; requires abundant shelter/ambush predation cover e.g. low shrubs, rocks, logs, shelter sites (e.g. dense low Site. Common Death Adder dense leaf litter (Wilson 2015). shrubs, rocks) is present within parts of the Site. Potentially present. Not recorded within the Strophurus taenicauda Lives in dry open forest and woodlands, especially those with well-developed shrub layer Potentially suitable habitat with NT shelter sites (e.g. trees with loose Site. Golden-tailed Gecko where it shelters in tree hollows and splits, and under loose bark (QMDC 2008). bark) is present within parts of the Site. vii E = Endangered; V = Vulnerable; NT = Near Threatened
Rev 0 32 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.2.4. Pest Flora
Details pertaining to the pest flora survey undertaken in conjunction with the ecology survey at the Site, including methodology and results are provided separately (BOOBOOK 2017b: Q-4200-15-RP-1340). 4.2.2.5. Pest Fauna
Pest fauna detected during the field survey are listed within Table 14. Recorded locations of pest fauna are shown within Appendix J. Table 14: Pest fauna recorded at the Site
Scientific Name Common Name Status* Area of Occurrence Scats observed throughout the Site; one Oryctolagus cuniculus European Rabbit Restricted Invasive Animal sighting in log pile. Rhinella marina Cane Toad - Dead individuals observed at several sites. Observed within the southern section of Sturnus tristis Common Mynah - the Site Observed within the southern section of Sus scrofa Feral Pig Restricted Invasive Animal the Site
4.2.3. Disturbances
The majority of the Site has been cleared of original vegetation for agricultural land uses including grazing and cropping. Retained vegetation is in the form of small patches and linear strips. Most of these are comprised of advanced regrowth, with relatively few remnant patches. The understorey of these retained areas has been, and continues to be, grazed by livestock. Some remnant vegetation patches show evidence of canopy die-back. The Site includes areas previously disturbed for coal seam gas infrastructure (high pressure gas pipeline, gathering pipelines) and electricity transmission lines. Evidence of recent fire was present in the extreme northern end of the alignment on 9SP262435. Access tracks and other farm infrastructure (e.g. fences, dams, stock yards) are present throughout the Site. Small areas of gully erosion were evident in parts of the Site. 4.2.4. Watercourses and Wetlands
Thirty-four (34) mapped streams within the 60 m buffer at the Site were examined. Assessments were also conducted at five additional sites which were unmapped drainage features. Four mapped streams were identified to be watercourses as defined by the Water Act. These were Eurombah Creek, Slatehill Creek, Barton Creek and Sugarloaf Creek. All of the watercourses show varying levels of disturbance with Eurombah and Slatehill Creek having the most intact remnant vegetation. Vegetation along Barton Creek is limited to a narrow fringe of riparian species in places being a single tree width wide. Sugarloaf Creek had the most disturbed vegetation of all watercourses within the Site; riparian vegetation in places was completely removed or limited to isolated trees. Vegetation along Eurombah and Slatehill Creeks provides a particularly important conduit for fauna within the local landscape. These creeks also provide important habitat for aquatic fauna. The northern part of the Site is within the known range of the Platypus (Carrick et al. 2008) and this species may occur within waterholes at Eurombah Creek. Barton Creek was dry during the survey period and small temporary pools/puddles were present in the bed of Sugarloaf Creek. Extensive waterholes were observed in Slatehill and Eurombah Creeks. It is possible that some of these features represent permanent or semi-permanent features and are of locally high importance as habitat for aquatic fauna and flora. All other mapped streams were determined to be drainage features as defined by the Water Act. Table 15 provides details of the characteristics of examined mapped and unmapped streams and their classification as per the Water Act criteria. The location of stream assessment sites are shown in Appendix K.
Rev 0 33 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Table 15: Ground-truthed watercourses and drainage features within the 60 m buffer at the Site.
Mapped stream Unique ID Is Watercourse? Description and justification order
W01; unmapped drainage feature; nil defined bed or banks; nil Unmapped No 32872F2A65641B3 hydrophytes; nil evidence of extended flow or riparian vegetation W02; Unmapped drainage feature without defined bed and banks or Unmapped No 7F917B7071A3EA5 riparian vegetation; scoured channel occasionally present. W03; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks: nil hydrophytes or 1 No 582D7D1E2806FDD riparian vegetation; nil evidence of extended flow W04; Unmapped drainage feature without defined bed and banks or Unmapped No 6AD3DE954B539FD riparian vegetation. W05; Unmapped drainage feature without defined bed and banks or 1 No 766E61F83C3DF7D riparian vegetation W06; Lambing Gully; Drainage feature; shallow scoured channel 3-6 m 5CB0AF4334FC7A3 2 No wide and 30-100 cm deep; nil riparian vegetation; hydrophyte present Cynodon dactylon; nil evidence of extended flows W07; Unmapped drainage feature without defined bed and banks or Unmapped No 2E53D6BA15F613D riparian vegetation W08; Drainage feature; scoured channel but nil defined bed and banks; 2 No 574B4F8288153CA hydrophyte present Cynodon dactylon; nil riparian community W09; Barton Creek: defined bed and banks, riparian vegetation and 4 Yes 5FB6524F3A1D253 evidence of extended flows present. W10; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks or riparian 2 No 10B786C03C9E2E7 vegetation. W11; Drainage feature; scoured channel but nil defined bed and banks; 11E344245BE45A6 1 No hydrophyte present Cynodon dactylon; nil riparian vegetation or evidence of extended flow W12; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks or riparian 1 No 34A48F54A43A436 vegetation. W13; Sugarloaf Creek: pools present in channel; evidence of riparian 43CD8DB3579B23C 4 Yes vegetation present though significantly disturbed. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Juncus usitatus. W14; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks or riparian 2 No 2E021A3F2E1C05E vegetation. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon. W15; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks; nil riparian 1 Yes 7AC2C08461C0415 vegetation; nil hydrophytes W16; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No C6B56D57939DF41 vegetation or hydrophytes. W17; Drainage feature without riparian vegetation; scoured channel 3 No 3AA3B05021F1B57 with water pools present. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon. W18; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks or riparian 1 No 729C9CD011F92CD vegetation. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon. W19; Drainage feature without riparian vegetation or hydrophytes; 1 No 14A06F115633BEB scoured channel occasionally present. W20; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks; nil riparian 1 No 1C11319660E157F vegetation; nil hydrophytes; nil evidence of extended flows W21; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 7BEF8EB81F18AD9 vegetation or hydrophytes. W22; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks; nil riparian 1 No 72A6EF237D2EB34 vegetation; nil hydrophytes W23; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 14D7FA577847C3D vegetation or hydrophytes. Rev 0 34 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC)
Mapped stream Unique ID Is Watercourse? Description and justification order
W24; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 1019D5163C3F35C vegetation or hydrophytes. W25; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks; nil riparian 1 No 873B3F043F3A4AF vegetation; nil hydrophytes; nil evidence of extended flows W26; Drainage feature; nil defined bed and banks; nil riparian 4BD543617A19DC2 1 No vegetation; hydrophyte present Cynodon dactylon; nil evidence of extended flows W27; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 26F07E358E57BC5 vegetation or hydrophytes. W28; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 29AC1A7532110A6 vegetation or hydrophytes. W29; Unmapped drainage feature; nil riparian vegetation; nil 1 No 4FF2CF4871B7E69 hydrophytes; scored channel but nil defined bed and banks W30; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 9A5FC892F7C8EB9 vegetation or hydrophytes; scoured channel occasionally present. W31; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 3774774C2D1F24B vegetation or hydrophytes. W32; Unmapped drainage feature without defined bed and banks, Unmapped No B1FC5A32F590B9E riparian vegetation or hydrophytes. W33; Drainage feature; scoured channel but nil defined bed and banks; 1 No 3071E6D4B904465 nil riparian vegetation; nil hydrophytes; nil evidence of extended flows W34; Drainage feature without riparian vegetation or evidence of 5AA7B1806A4C9F7 2 No extended flows; scoured channel present. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon W35; Drainage feature without riparian vegetation; scoured channel 1 No 65955E483A08EFC present. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon W36; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks or riparian 1 No 5C679DB76B01752 vegetation. Hydrophytes present: Juncus usitatus. W37; Drainage feature without defined bed and banks, riparian 1 No 404A8F57319A79D vegetation or hydrophytes. W38; Eurombah Creek: defined bed and banks, riparian vegetation and 5 Yes 49140C1A2D32D6F deep waterholes present. Hydrophytes present: Bacopa monnieri W39; Slatehill Creek: defined bed and banks, riparian vegetation and 1249163DECD6154 4 Yes deep waterholes present. Hydrophytes present: Cynodon dactylon, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
No Referable Wetlands are mapped (DEHP 2016b) as present within the Site. One small (<0.5 ha) area occurring on the floodplain of Sugarloaf Creek at 3AB63 was identified as a wetland. This feature met wetland definition criteria (DERM 2011) in that it showed topographic and hydrologic evidence of inundation (shallow drainage depression with cracking clay substrate) and contained presence of wetland indicator plants (DEHP 2017b) including Ribbed Spike- rush (Eleocharis plana) and Umbrella Canegrass (Leptochloa digitata). The location of this wetland is mapped within Appendix K. This small wetland is likely to have local value as a breeding site for frogs and provide temporary habitat for aquatic invertebrates and small numbers of waterbirds. No other significant wetlands were recorded within the Site. No springs were recorded at the Site however Eurombah Creek is known to be at least partly spring-fed with source springs being located upstream of 3047SP273877 (P. Thompson pers. comm.).
Rev 0 35 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 4.2.5. BioCondition Survey
BioCondition assessments were completed at 17 locations at the Site (Appendix A). BioCondition site characteristics and scores are summarised in Table 16. BioCondition assessments were undertaken where: Mappable vegetation patches were inside of or intersected by the 100 m buffer; and Where mappable vegetation patches were of sufficient size to enable positioning of the BioCondition plot (100 m x 50 m) i.e. vegetation patches smaller than the BioCondition plot were not surveyed. Four REs occurring at the Site did not have benchmark documents available, these being RE 11.3.39, RE 11.10.7, RE 11.10.8 and RE 11.10.9. To score these Assessment Units (AUs), at least three reference BioCondition sites per unit should be sampled to generate thresholds for each RE. Survey sites should also be placed >3 km apart and within patches >5 ha (Eyre et al. 2011). However this was not practical during this survey due to limited suitable vegetation at the Site. These AUs have been scored using benchmarks derived from BOOBOOK’s internal BioCondition site database which has sampled multiple Best on Offer (BOO) sites (≥4) for each AU within the Brigalow belt bioregion. Scores for sites in RE 11.9.5 were derived from the comparison of values collected in the field and the ‘western form’ benchmark of the RE. The geographic locality of the Site (within subregion 26) which lies within the western zone, and examples of remnant Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) with average height approximately 18 m and average of 22 large trees per hectare at the Site, supported using the western benchmark values. Two BioCondition sites (EB11 and EB16) received high scores (0.80 each) which indicated vegetation at these sites has ‘functional biodiversity condition’. These sites represent examples of remnant RE 11.3.25 and RE 11.10.7. Two BioCondition sites (EB08 and EB09) received low scores (<0.40) which indicated vegetation at these sites displayed ‘dysfunctional biodiversity condition’. These sites represent examples of immature regrowth RE 11.9.5. These low scores are likely to be associated with disturbances present at these sites, namely historic clearing, and invasion of exotic pasture species. Most assessment sites had above average functional biodiversity condition, i.e. 11 BioCondition sites achieved scores >0.60 which were all within remnant vegetation. Generally, these scores reflect exposure to various degrees of disturbance.
Rev 0 36 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Table 16: Summary of BioCondition sites and their calculated scores.
BioCondition Location Structural Landscape BioCondition Site Type RE Field Vegetation Description Site Score Survey Site Description Class/Condition Score Score
EB1 100 m Assessment 11.9.5 Remnant Acacia harpophylla and Casuarina cristata woodland; midlayer dominated by 0.65 0.20 0.57 buffer Geijera parviflora and Eremophila mitchellii; grassy ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. EB2 200 m Assessment 11.3.2 Remnant Eucalyptus populnea open woodland; midlayer dominated by Geijera parviflora, 0.68 0.00 0.55 buffer Eremophila mitchellii and Acacia excelsa; grassy ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris and Enteropogon ramosus. EB3 Reference 11.10.9 Remnant Callitris glaucophylla open forest with emergent Eucalyptus melanophloia and 0.66 0.55 0.65 100 & 200 Corymbia erythrophloia; midlayer dominated by C. glaucophylla; sparse grassy m buffers ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris and Aristida spp. EB4 Reference 11.3.39 Remnant Eucalyptus melanophloia, Angophora floribunda, Corymbia tessellaris, E. 0.66 0.45 0.63 200 m tereticornis and E. chloroclada open woodland; midlayer composed of canopy buffer recruits Callitris glaucophylla, Acacia salicina and A. deanei; grassy ground layer dom. by Lomandra longifolia, Themeda avenacea and Aristida sp.
EB5 ROW & 100 Assessment 11.3.25 Remnant Eucalyptus tereticornis open woodland with associated E. populnea and Casuarina 0.70 0.30 0.63 m buffer cristata; midlayer of canopy recruits, Acacia salicina and A. deanei; grassy ground (Barton layer of Megathyrsus maximus, Cenchrus ciliaris, Themeda avenacea and Creek) Lomandra longifolia. EB6 Reference 11.10.7 Remnant Eucalyptus melanophloia and E. populnea open woodland; midlayer composed of 0.74 0.35 0.67 100 & 200 canopy recruits, Eremophila mitchellii, Hovea longipes and Carissa ovata; grassy m buffers ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. EB7 Assessment 11.9.5 Advanced Acacia harpophylla low open forest with associated Casuarina cristata; sparse 0.58 0.00 0.47 100 & 200 regrowth midlayer of canopy recruits and Carissa ovata; grassy ground layer dominated by m buffers Cenchrus ciliaris. EB8 ROW & 100 Assessment 11.9.5 Immature Acacia harpophylla low open woodland; midlayer absent; grassy ground layer 0.30 0.10 0.26 m buffer regrowth dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. EB9 100 m Assessment 11.9.5 Immature Acacia harpophylla shrubland; shrub layer dominated by Carissa ovata and 0.36 0.25 0.34 buffer regrowth Alectryon diversifolius; grassy ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. EB10 Assessment 11.9.5 Advanced Acacia harpophylla open woodland with associated Casuarina cristata and Atalaya 0.49 0.00 0.40 100 & 200 regrowth hemiglauca; midlayer dominated by Eremophila mitchellii; very sparse shrub layer m buffers of canopy recruits and Capparis lasiantha; grassy ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris.
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BioCondition Location Structural Landscape BioCondition Site Type RE Field Vegetation Description Site Score Survey Site Description Class/Condition Score Score
EB11 ROW & 100 Assessment 11.3.25 Remnant 0.82 0.70 0.80 m buffer Eucalyptus tereticornis woodland with associated Casuarina cunninghamiana and Angophora floribunda; midlayer of Melaleuca trichostachya, Geijera parviflora and (Slatehill Capparis mitchellii; grassy ground layer of Megathyrsus maximus. Creek) EB12 100 m Assessment 11.10.11 Remnant Eucalyptus populnea open woodland with associated Callitris glaucophylla; very 0.64 0.70 0.66 buffer sparse midlayer of Geijera parviflora and Acacia decora; grassy ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris and Heteropogon contortus. EB13 ROW & 100 Assessment 11.3.25 Remnant 0.58 0.80 0.63 m buffer Casuarina cunninghamiana and Eucalyptus tereticornis fringing riparian woodland; very sparse shrub layer of Ficus coronata; grassy ground layer dominated by (Eurombah Megathyrsus maximus. Creek) EB14 100 m Reference 11.10.7 Remnant Eucalyptus melanophloia and Callitris glaucophylla woodland; midlayer of Geijera 0.59 0.70 0.62 buffer parviflora, Psydrax johnsonii, Hovea longipes, Bertya oleifolia, Carissa ovata and Acacia amblygona; grassy ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris and Themeda triandra. EB15 Reference 11.3.39 Remnant Eucalyptus melanophloia woodland with associated E. populnea and Corymbia 0.54 0.90 0.62 ROW & 100 tessellaris; very sparse midlayer of Geijera parviflora, Capparis mitchellii and m buffer Carissa ovata; grassy ground layer dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris. EB16 100 m Reference 11.10.7 Remnant Eucalyptus melanophloia and E. populnea woodland; midlayer composed of 0.76 0.90 0.80 buffer Eremophila mitchellii, Geijera parviflora, Psydrax johnsonii, Hovea longipes and Carissa ovata; grassy ground layer of Cenchrus ciliaris. EB17 100 m Reference 11.10.8 Remnant Semi-evergreen vine thicket with emergent Brachychiton rupestris and Eucalyptus 0.70 0.90 0.75 buffer orgadophila; grassy ground layer in places dominated by Cenchrus ciliaris.
Rev 0 38 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) 5. Conclusions
An ecological assessment of the Site showed the following ecological values/potential constraints to be present within the Site: Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla dominant and co-dominant) TEC. Two Endangered REs: 11.9.4 and 11.9.5. Four Of Concern REs: 11.3.2, 11.3.25, 11.9.7 and 11.10.8. Four ground-truthed watercourses: Eurombah Creek, Slatehill Creek, Barton Creek and Sugarloaf Creek Presence of two EPBC and NC Act Listed threatened fauna species: o Koala; and o White-throated Snapping-turtle. Presence of eleven EPBC Act Listed marine fauna. Presence of one NC Act Listed threatened flora species: o Sannantha brachypoda. Presence of 12 NC Act Special Least Concern flora species. Presence of four pest animals: o European Rabbit; o Cane Toad; o Feral Pig; o Common Mynah. It is recommended that the findings in this report are considered during detailed development planning such that disturbance to the ecological values of the site and locality may be avoided wherever practical. Where disturbance is unavoidable, impact mitigation measures are to be implemented in accordance with the approved site environmental management plan and regulatory approval conditions.
Rev 0 39 Ecological Assessment Report – Eurombah Reedy Creek InterConnect (ERIC) Appendix A. Site Location and Survey Points.
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Queensland Herbarium Brisbane Botanic Gardens Mt Coot-tha Toowong 4066 Queensland Australia Telephone +61 7 3896 9326 Facsimile +61 7 3896 9624 Department of e-mail [email protected] Science, Information Technology www.qld.gov.au/herbarium and Innovation
Enquiries Chris Appelman Telephone 07 3896 9318 Your reference Our reference DK/CA: 103/17
22 February 2017
Craig Eddie Boobook Ecological Consulting PO Box 924, ROMA, Qld. 4455
Dear Craig
The botanical specimen/s received by the Queensland Herbarium on 14 February 2017 have been identified as:
CPE2970 * Senna occidentalis confirmed CPE2971 # * Senna occidentalis confirmed CPE2972 # Josephinia eugeniae CPE2973 # Cayratia clematidea confimed CPE2974 # * Eragrostis curvula confirmed CPE2975 # Sannantha brachypoda confirmed. This species is listed as Vulnerable under Queensland's Nature Conservation Act 1992. CPE2976 # Phyllanthus microcladus confirmed
# These specimens have been retained for incorporation into the Herbarium collection, with thanks.
*Naturalised, non-native species
There is a charge of $213.60 (2 hrs @ $106.80 per hr incl GST) for these identifications.
Yours sincerely
G.P.Guymer Director
Download a full version of Census of the Queensland Flora 2016 https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/census-of-the-queensland-flora-2016
Centre for botanical research and information on the Queensland flora
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Appendix C. Results of EPBC Protected Matters Search Tool
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Appendix D. Wildlife Online Database Search Results.
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