Peace Museum Vienna August 2020 Newsletter www.peacemuseumvienna.com

Positive Exhibition

By Hannah Elizabeth Monroe White businesses to sell, entrepreneurs and and recover from both internal and scientists to innovate, individuals to external shocks produce and governments to effectively regulate.

In addition to the absence of violence, Positive Peace is also associated with many other social characteristics that are considered desirable, including stronger economic outcomes, higher resilience, better measures of well- being, levels of inclusiveness and environmental performance

§ Therefore, Positive Peace can be viewed as creating an optimal environment in which human potential can flourish. Without peace it will not be possible to § The study of conflict is different to achieve the levels of trust, cooperation the study of peace, producing very or inclusiveness necessary to solve different outcomes these challenges, let alone empower § Positive Peace is systemic and the international institutions and requires new thinking to understand organizations necessary to help address it; it shines light in the direction that them. – Therefore, peace is the a system needs to evolve toward essential prerequisite for the survival § Through placing the emphasis on the of humanity as we know it in the 21st positive, Positive Peace reframes our century. conceptualisation towards what works – the factors which create § Positive Peace provides a framework resilience are indeed very different to to understand and then address the those needed to stop conflict multiple and complex challenges the § Positive Peace is also strongly linked world faces. to resilience – countries with high § Positive Peace is transformational in Positive Peace are more likely to that it is a cross-cutting factor for maintain their stability and adapt progress, making it easier for

Peace Museum Vienna Newsletter August 2020

Johan Galtung

Prof. Johan Galtung was born in 1930 in Oslo, . He completed his degree in Mathematics, and later a PhD in Sociology, at the University of Oslo, and has received 10 honorary degrees from different universities around the world. His motivation for Peace Studies was that there weren’t any books written on peace in Helsinki when he was studying there in 1951. On the other hand, there were thousands of books on war and military. He found that Peace Studies was no-where to be found in the academic environment and so decided to compensate these shortcomings by Photos: Galtung Institut & Norsk biografisk leksikon creating Peace Studies. indirect) separately, explore their goals and fears and earn their confidence. Galtung is regarded as the “Father of According to the Galtung Institut for Peace Theory and Peace Practice, The second step is to distinguish Peace Studies” as he has taken major between legitimate goals, which affirm steps to strengthen peace through his Galtung has contributed original research and insights to many areas of human needs, and illegitimate goals academic activities. He has published that violate human needs. Whatever we more than 160 books, and 1,600 articles intellectual inquiry, including peace studies, peaceful conflict demand from other parties, we must be on peace issues. His works have been willing to grant to others. For example, translated into over 30 languages. transformation, reconciliation, education, international relations, non- self-determination is a legitimate goal, offensive defense, human rights, basic ruling over others is not. The third and He is the founder of different peace needs, development strategies, a life- final step in this paradigm is to bridge centers including the Peace Research sustaining economy, macro-history, the the gap between all legitimate but Institute Oslo in 1959, the Journal of theory of civilizations, federalism, seemingly contradictory goals through Peace Research in 1964, and globalization, communications, deep solutions that embody creativity, TRANSCEND in 1993, which is a culture, peace and religions, social empathy and , building a global non-profit network for Peace. He science methodology, sociology, new reality. also founded the world’s first online ecology, and future studies. His basic peace university. He assisted the principle is that peace is a relation, For Galtung, peace studies will suffer establishment of other peace centers in between two or more parties, and that badly if either an actor-oriented different countries and served as a we can have three types of relations; approach or system-oriented approach professor of Peace Studies in different negative – disharmonious, indifferent, is left out. The discipline comprises universities in the US, Norway, and positive – harmonious. From this both of these. He believes that Germany, , Serbia, Chile, follow two concepts of peace: negative languages are certainly as important as Argentina, , Egypt, and Spain. peace and positive peace. religions when it comes to not only Since 2014, he is serving as a professor giving meaning, but also of Global Peace at the International Galtung teaches that the root of a communicating meaning, so peace Islamic University Malaysia. conflict is always a contradiction, an studies courses should have the study of incompatibility or clash of goals which at least one language in other civilizations built into them. Galtung also has mediated international then easily translates into a class of conflicts, such as the American racial parties and violent behavior. Regarding conflict on desegregating schools in the TRANSCEND method, which he Virginia USA, and the peace agreement developed over 50 years of research Learn more at www.galtung-institut.de between Ecuador and Peru, which and practice, there are three key steps. and www.peacemuseumvienna.com could prevent the outbreak of war. The first step is to hold a dialogue with all conflict parties (both direct and By Hannah Elizabeth Monroe White

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Peace Museum Vienna New Team Members

Peace Museum Vienna is an ambitious and meaningful project located in Ayşe Gökdemir Hannah White Vienna, Austria. The museum strives to Ayşe Gökdemir holds a bachelor’s Hannah is a graduate of languages from the contribute to by educating degree in Russian Language and University of Manchester, UK. She is an the public about peace heroes and Literature. She has voluntarily alumnus of the United World College of Hong collaborated with several NGOs in Kong, where she learned promoting . The museum Turkey working with refugees, women theory to promote peaceful dialogue at Initiative provides a physical space, which serves and children. Ayşe did her three-month For Peace and lived with students from all as a meeting point for discussions on internship at Peace Museum Vienna at around the globe. She is passionate about human peace; an exhibition hall, which a center the end of 2019 until early 2020. She rights, volunteering and , and helped the museum with writing ‘peace believes in using our talents for the advancement for the presentation of movies and hero’ profiles, organizing events, of peacemaking. She is motivated to work on the documentaries; and hosts peace kitchen keeping the museum active on social team to promote peace education and our events for the community. It is also a media and guiding the visitors. Peace in mission at Peace Hero Museums worldwide, to place of education and offers resources the Middle East is her aspiration. make peace work more accessible and engaging through research and innovative content. and knowledge for students, teachers, professors, and general visitors to learn. Peace education is central to both the current and long-term vision of Peace Museum Vienna.

What is our mission?

Peace Museum Vienna aims to share Selin Visne peace education through the lives of our Selin is currently studying law at the Dovile Bogusyte Peace Heroes. These heroes include University of Vienna, and recently historic and contemporary figures, who joined Peace Hero Museum Vienna as a spend their lives either promoting peace volunteer. She is most passionate about Dovile is a Master’s student in Human Rights through their profession, such as the advocating for and learning about those and Humanitarian Action at Sciences Po Paris, who are treated most unfairly because of France. She recently joined the Peace Hero sociologist Johan Galtung, or practicing the world’s vicious cycle over money Museums team as a volunteer. She is passionate about human rights, peace and gender equality. nonviolence for a peaceful life, such as and power. Her hopes are to one day Previously Dovile completed a few internships at Mahatma Gandhi. work in the field of human rights law. In local NGOs and organizations working on her opinion, certain securities should, gender equality, democracy and education The PMV research team nominates Peace and absolutely must, be provided to issues. Dovile believes that in a world where acts of violence fill our newsfeeds, peace must Hero candidates to the PMV board for every single one of us, no matter our background and no matter our take root in the form of education. Peace education is a primary pillar for preventing approval. We have established a list of circumstances. For Selin, the best way armed conflict and violence, saving lives and 150 Peace Heroes since June 2014, but to ensure this is to do her part in freeing up resources for social needs. As a we intend to increase the number of working towards peace, and therefore, volunteer, she is hoping to combine her passions Peace Heroes to 365 by June 2021. We ultimately justice. for gender equality and peace, while gaining hands-on experience in conflict resolution, a aim to bring peace heroes onto the global field she wishes to pursue her future career. stage, with a network of at least 20 cities Dovile is eager to contribute to the team through research and meaningful work that can promote and over 5,000 peace heroes by 2021. peace education. Since PMV is based in the city of Vienna, the capital of Austria, Bertha von Suttner is very important to us. She was the inspiration for the Nobel Peace Prize and became the first woman to win it in

1905. Therefore, she is our first peace hero. Visit berthavonsuttner.com to learn more.

Address: Blutgasse 3/1, 1010 Vienna Contact: +43 676 644 8191 [email protected] Donate at https://www.peacemuseumvienna.com/donation-1

Designed by Hannah White | Edited by Selin Visne and Hannah White