Landslide Risk and Mitigation Policies in Campania Region (Italy)

The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy)

Italo Giulivo 1, Fiorella Galluccio 1, Fabio Matano 2‐3, Lucia Monti 1 & Carlo Terranova 4

1 Settore Difesa del Suolo – Area Lavori Pubblici, Regione Campania, Via De Gasperi 28, Napoli, Italy 2 Settore Difesa Suolo Regione Campania ‐ POAT PON GAT 2007‐2013, Ministero per la Tutela dell'Ambiente e del TitiTerritorioedldel Mare, Ital y 3 PODIS PON ATAS 2000‐2006, Ministero per la Tutela dell'Ambiente e del Territorio e del Mare, Italy

The Second World Landslide Forum (Rome, 2011) Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies , cost benefit analysis and decision makers

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Campania territory is affected by a severe landslide risk

Campania Region has developed complex strategies, policies and procedures for the management and mitigation of landslide risk, based on the integration of structural and non‐structural measures

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 2 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Geological framework

The Campania Region territory extends 13.580 km2 and presents several predisposing factors to landslides due to a complex geological setting: •the cropping out of pelitic and complex geological units, strongly deformed by tectonics, •the presence of pyroclastic deposit covers above carbonate unit slopes, •the recent tectonic uplifting causing deepening of valley and steep slopes, •seismic and volcanic activities, •topographic conditions (70 % of mountain and hill territory).

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 3 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Geological risk and hazard

Exposure to several geological risks is an issue of great social importance, both for the number of casualties and injuries, and for damage to buildings, industries, transport infrastructure and areas of high economic, historical and artistic values. The main part of the regional territory is exposed to very high geological risks: • High and Very high landslide risk • High and Very high alluvial risk • Municipalities with class 1 sismicity • Municipalities within red zone Vesuvius and Phlegrean Fields volcanoes

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 4 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Landslide inventory

The territory is affected by a great number of landslide (23.430 after IFFI Project), directly involving about 973 km2 equal to about 7% of the ttltotal titterritory (MtiMonti et al., 2007).

Type Number Percentage

Falls - Topples 907 4,17% Rotational - 4.719 21,71% Translational Slides Slow Flows 8.636 39,73%

Rapid Flows 3.637 16,73%

Complex Landslides 3.245 14,93% Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation

Other Types 593 2,73%

Landslide type distribution in the IFFI database

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 5 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Landslide inventory

The territory is affected by a great number of landslide (23.430 after IFFI Project), directly involving about 973 km2 equal to about 7% of the ttltotal titterritory (MtiMonti et al., 2007).

Other Falls ‐ Types Topples 3% 4%

Complex Landslides Rotational 15% ‐ Translatio nal Slides 21% Rapid Flows 17%

Slow Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation Flows 40%

Landslide type distribution in the IFFI database

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 6 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Year/Date Municipality (Locality) Fatalities Rapid landslides (flows and falls) 1954, 26 oct. Cava dei Tirreni, Maiori, Minori, Salerno, Tramonti, Vietri 316 1955, 4 feb. San Sebastiano al Vesuvio 1 1956, 1 feb. Vietri 2 1963, 17 fe b Pimon te 4 Several rapid lan ds lides occurred in 1963, 27 feb. Cava dei Tirreni 5 Campania in the last sixty years causing 1966 Giffoni Sei Casali 2 1966, 21 nov. Napoli (Colli Aminei) 3 559 fatalities, a greater number of injured 1966, 23 nov. Vico Equense (Scrajo) 3 and illblincalculable costs for damages. 1968, 9 jan. Sarno 1 1970, 8 apr. Salerno 2 1971, 2 jan. Gragnano 6 1972, 6 mar. Angri, Pagani 1 1973, 16 feb. Massa Lubrense (Mitigliano, Monte San Costanzo) 10 1974, 21 feb. Capri (Marina Grande) 2 1976, 19 oct. Torre del Greco 1 1978, 3 jun. Barano d'Ischia (spiaggia Maronti) 5 1982, jul. Castellammare (Pozzano), Pagani 2 1985, 31 oct. Ercolano 1 1986, 22 feb. Palma Campania 8 1987, mar. Casamicciola Terme 1 1994, 26 may Sarno 1 1997 10 jan. Castellammare (Pozzano) 4 1997, 1 nov Lauro 1 1993, 20 aug. Serino, Solofra 2 1998, 5 may Bracigliano, Quindici, Sarno, San Felice a Cancello, Siano 160 1999, 16 dic. Cervinara, San Martino Valle Caudina 4 2005, 4 mar. Nocera inferiore 3 2006, 30 apr. Ischia (Monte li Vezzi) 4 2009, 10 nov. Casamicciola 1 2010, 2 jan. Atrani 1 2010, 9 sept. Atrani 2

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 7 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Rapid landslides (flows and falls)

Several rapid lan ds lides occurred in Campania in the last sixty years causing 559 fatalities, a greater number of injured and illblincalculable costs for damages.

600 Sarno event 500

400

300

200

fatalities Vietri event 100

0 54 55 56 58 59 60 62 63 64 66 67 68 70 71 72 74 75 76 78 79 80 82 83 84 86 87 88 90 91 92 94 95 96 98 99 00 02 03 04 06 07 08 10 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ set set set set set set set set set set set set set set gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen gen mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag mag

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 8 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Pozzano event • november 1996 - January1997 • 212 municipalities involved • 4 fatalities in Castellamare di Stabia (NA)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 9 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Sarno event • may 1998 • Sarno, Siano, Bracigliano, Quindici, San Felice a Cancello • 160 fatalities

(Sarno )

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 10 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

(BiliBracigliano – SA) (S. Feli ce a Cance llo - CE)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 11 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

(Quindici – AV) (Siano - SA)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 12 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

(Cervinara - AV) Cervinara event • december 1999 • Cervinara, San Martino Valle Caudina (AV) • 6 fatalities

(San Martino Valle Caudina – AV)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 13 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Nocera Inferiore event • march 2005 • Nocera inferiore (SA) • 4 fatalities

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 14 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Monte Li Vezzi event • april 2006 • Ischia island (NA) • 4 fatalities

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 15 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Casamicciola Terme event • november 2009 • Ischia island • 1 fatality

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 16 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Atrani events (falls and flows) • january 2010 • 1 fatality • september 2010 • 2 ffliiatalities

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 17 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Broad, frequently reactivated by earthquakes, earth flows or complex slide‐ flows are present in the eastern and southern sectors of the region (e.g. Senerchia, Calitri), having volumes up to 107 m3 . Star ting from may 2006, Montaguto landslide damages railway, national street and agriculture activity

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 18 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l )

Montaguto landslide

orthophoto 1998

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy)

19 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l )

Montaguto landslide orthophoto 3D, 2010

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy)

20 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l ) 0

Montaguto ‐ 10 landslide

lidar data

‐ 20 Difference in LiDAR (Laser Scanner) Active landslide monitoring altitude (m) I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 21 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l ) 0

Montaguto ‐ 10 landslide

lidar data

‐ 20 Difference in LiDAR (Laser Scanner) Active landslide monitoring altitude (m) I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 22 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l ) 0

Montaguto ‐ 10 landslide

lidar data

‐ 20 Difference in LiDAR (Laser Scanner) Active landslide monitoring altitude (m) I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 23 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

h l ) 0

Montaguto ‐ 10 landslide

lidar data

‐ 20 Difference in LiDAR (Laser Scanner) Active landslide monitoring altitude (m) I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 24 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Landslide risk About 29% of the regional territory is exposed to the landslide risk as defined by the Basin Authorities, which regulates the land‐use within the areas at landslide risk or hazard. On the whole, areas extending 3.995 km2 aremappedwithdifferent grades from moderate (R1) to very high (R4) landslide risk (PSAI First Edition).

R4; R3; 490 159

R2; km2 590 R1; 2.756

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 25 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Landslide critical situations An aggregate area extending 2.136 km2 is characterized by high to very high hazard or susceptibility (rating P3/A3 to P4/A4) or by high to very high risk (rating R3 to R4) to landslide phenomena.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 26 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Regional approach to landslide risk mitigation policy

A suitable landslide risk mitigation policy should be based both on prevention planning and efficient investments of available funds. The hydro‐geological risk prevention includes activities to avoid or minimize the possible damage occurrence due to hydro‐geological events.

There are two possible prevention strategies for risk mitigation:

a) structural measures to reduce hazard and vulnerability, which generally involve engineering works or infrastructure reinforcements having high cost and very local effects;

b) non‐structural measures to reduce potential damage, such as evacuation plans, civil defense plans, ground deformation monitoring, early warning and alarm systems, restititrictions on natltural resources explittiloitation, titilterritorial prottitection and warning fac ilities, etc.., having greater flexibility and relatively lower cost.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 27 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Structural measures: Non‐structural measures: works, fund allocation, GIS and WEB‐GIS data Landslide competitive bid , contract, risk management, Remote tender , administrative management Sensing Monitoring, monitoring Warning Plan, Law and Landslide Risk RltiRegulations Evaluation

Landslide Risk Analiysis Municipality, Civil Defence

Landslide analysis and inventory Hydrographic District Autority, Basin Autority

Studies of the territory (IFFI, CARG, GECAI, TELLUS Projects)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 28 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Funding for structural actions for risk mitigation

The structural works for landslide risk mitigation and restoration have a cost that have to be paid entirely by the State (Law No. 183/89, now Legislative Decree no. 152/06) by means of National, Regional or European Funds.

The State ordinary financing of Soil Defense actions and works has been planned after Law 183/1989 till year 2001 (DPR 331/2001). The State extraordinary financing usually follows up the occurrence of acatttastrophi c lan ds lideevent,and have sttdtarted after the Decree Law 180/98 (Decree Sarno) (Law 267/1998, Law No. 179/2002). This law provides for financing after the state of emergency is declared.

The Campania region since 1999 has provided additional regional funds to finance the "urgent" measures on the territory for a total of about 20 million euro.

Since 2002, EU funds POR 2000‐06/2007‐13 and Framework Program Agreements (APQ) national funds represented the only resources available for the Campania Region to continue the policy of elimination/reduction of hydrogeological hazard situations in its territory.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 29 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Financing Years Amount State ordinary funds (national law L. 183/89) 1989-2001 187.283.000,00

State extraordinary funds (national laws D.L. 180/98, L. 1998-2006 79.930.000,00 267/1998, art.16 L. 179/2002

State (ordinary + extraordinary) funds 1989-2006 267. 213. 000, 00

MATTM funds 1999-2008 73.511.881,45

Regional funds 1999-2004 19.998.715,35

POR 2000-2006 (Misura 1.5) funds 2002-2008 131.379.855,85

APQ Difesa Suolo + I e II Atto integrativo funds 2005-2011 283.950.028,09

Total spent or committed funds 1989-2011 755.877.168,92

POR 2007-2013 funds 2007-2013 153.682.006,92

Extraordinary Plan for High Hydraulic and geologic Risk 2011 220.000.000,00 (Legge Finanziaria 2010)

Total provided or committed funds 2007-2013 373.682.006,92

Financings for mitigation of landslide risk in Campania Region.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 30 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

EU 2007‐2013 funds EU 2000‐ 17% 2006 funds 14%

State 1998‐2008 funds 67% Regional 1999‐2004 funds 2%

Financings for mitigation of landslide risk in Campania Region.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 31 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Distributions of interventions and works in 1990‐2011 The only official result index of the effectiveness of funds employment for mitigation of landslide risk is published in the POR Campania 2000‐2006 Performance Final Report. Despite of allocation of 268 million euro for itinterven tions tomitiga te hdhydrau licand landslide risk in Campania by POR 2000‐2006 funds, the mitigation became effective for 24 km2 equal to 1,5% of the regional territory with critical situations with regard to the landslide risk.

Is the overall needs for effective mitigation

17,8 billion euro ????

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 32 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Financial requirements for landlside risk in Campania

Landslides cause very negative economic and social impacts in the regional territory.

The ppglanning schemes developed by the River Basin Authorities (National Law 183//)1989) show an overall need of over 2.7 billion euro for interventions to mitigate hydraulic and landslide instabilities in Campania, with reference to the risk conditions dated to years 2001‐2007.

Invitation to Bid of Measure 1.5 ‐ POR Campania 2000‐2006 ‐ municipalities and other local authority belonging to Campania Region territory required in 2003 year an aggregate sum of 1,08 billion euro for stabilization and mitigation works to be made only with reference to high to very high landslide risk and hazard areas.

Special study commission of the Framework Program Agreements ()(APQ) idfddentified 220 strategic actions for a total of about 1.55 billion euro in 2005.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 33 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

By considering these financial requirements, the mitigation of landslide risk in Campania region can not be based only on "structural" actions because financial resources are limited in relation to the large extension of the territory affected by hydrogeological instability.

Non‐structural measures are necessary to improve the knowledge of landslide distribution, activity and susceptibility and to ensure proper land use planning and landslide monitoring.

Non‐structural measures mainly correspond to: • enactment and enforcement of regional laws and regulations (PTR, etc.), • sponsorship and development of territorial studies and research project (CARG, IFFI, GECAI, etc.), • monitoring of the territory at a regional scale, also by means new technologies (SIT‐DS, WEBGIS‐DS, TELLUS, SISTEMA, ecc.)

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 34 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

enactment of regional laws The Regional Territorial Plan (Regional Law n. 16/2004) introduces as reference layers in the regional territory ppglanning both gggeologic map than landslide inventory and susceppytibility maps. The main purposes are the protection of landscape and environmental resources, physical integrity of the regional territory and the protection of security of human settlements from the hydrogeological risks.

Geological Map Seismic Classification Map Hyygdrogeolo gical Map Landslide Inventory Map

Flood Area Map Landslide Hazard Map Geosites Map

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 35 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

sponsorship and development of territorial studies and research project

The CARG Project provides upgraded National Geological Map at 1:50.000 scale, which represents a valuable tool for the geological knowledge of the territory and its resources, and has also enabled more appropriate territorial planning intended to mitigate natural risks, first and foremost hydrogeological risks.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 36 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

sponsorship and development of territorial studies and research project The IFFI project (Inventory of Landslide Phenomena in Italy), carried out by ISPRA and the Italian Regions, supplies a detailed picture of the distribution of landslide phenomena (map and database) on both regional (Monti et al., 2007) and national scale.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 37 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

sponsorship and development of territorial studies and research project The GECAI Project (Geologia dei Centri Abitati Instabili) provides geological and landslide map at 1:5.000 scaleof 189 seltdlected critica l cities, organidized inaGIS envitironment.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 38 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

monitoring of the territory at a regional scale The TELLUS Project used a radar satellite interferometric approach for landslide and subsidence monitoring at regional scale, coupled with the interpretation of optical satellite images, aerial orthophoto, traditional in situ monitoring and geological and geomorphological field surveys. The Permanent Scatterers technique ‐ PSinSARTM (Ferretti et alii, 2001) has been applied both as support for regional ground deformation analyses, landslide inventory mapping and for the monitoring of single slope movements as well as volcanic, tectonic and anthropogenic subsidence, sinkholes and faults reactivation in active volcanic areas.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 39 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

All data were stored and organized in a Geographic Information System and made available through thematic Web‐Gis into the Regional Soil Defense Sector web page ((gwww.regione.camp ania.difesa.suolo.it) .

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 40 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Study case CtlCastelpagano (BN)

SEMINARIO TECNICO “DISSESTI IDROGEOLOGICI: DALLA ANALISI ALLA GESTIONE DEL RISCHIO” 11 maggio 2011 I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, AULAF. Matano, “SCIPIONE L. BOBBIO”, Monti, FacoltàC. Terranova di ingegneria ‐ Landslide ‐ Università risk degli and studi mitigationdi Napoli Federico policies II in Campania Region (Italy) 41 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Study case CtlCastelpagano (BN)

SEMINARIO TECNICO “DISSESTI IDROGEOLOGICI: DALLA ANALISI ALLA GESTIONE DEL RISCHIO” 11 maggio 2011 I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, AULAF. Matano, “SCIPIONE L. BOBBIO”, Monti, FacoltàC. Terranova di ingegneria ‐ Landslide ‐ Università risk degli and studi mitigationdi Napoli Federico policies II in Campania Region (Italy) 42 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

monitoring of the territory at a regional scale

The SISTEMA Project represents a three‐years extension of TELLUS Project, designed as an inter‐Sector and non‐structural action developed in the context of Campania Region Operative Plan ERDF 2007‐2013. The project goal is to support, through both satellite and aerial remote sensing techniques and ancillary data, the activities of regional technical branches involved in mitigation of natural and man induced risks (Soil Defence Sector, Regional Geological Service and Civil Protection Sector). The development of SISTEMA will enhance the knowledge about hazardous geo‐environmental phenomena for homeland security and for the exposed economic resources in Campania.

Radar Satellite acquisitions Envisat CosmoSkyMED\ TerraSAR X

ERS 1 e 2 Radarsat 1 Radarsat 1 e 2

Progetto Estensione Progetto Ground Deformation WEBGIS SLAM TELLUS TELLUS SISTEMA (1992-2007) Progetto SIT WEB GIS Difesa Suol o frane DGR DGR 1992\05 DGR 2002\06 1740/2009

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 43 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

Conclusive remarks Campania Region has to face a problem of mitigation of landslide risk both widespread and important in terms of financial resources. Given the scarcity of available financial resources, it is necessary to identify the real priorities and the critical issues in the territory. A complex strategy, built on the integration of structural and non‐structural measures, has been developed, also taking into account the limited financial resources available. DiDuring 1990‐2011 about 755 millions euro have been fddfunded and from 2007‐2013 fdfunds further 374 million euro have been allocated, largely in structural actions to restore landslide damages and mitigate landslide risk. Very large efforts have been made for improve the knowledge framework of landslide features, with the involvement in study and research projects, such as CARG, IFFI, GECAI, TELLUS projects. The use of new technologies, such as spatial database, remote sensing and open web‐GIS, is highly considered and applied in this approach. The dissemination of these informations and data to Local Authorities and technicians is considered a basic point in regional policies.

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 44 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

www.difesa.suolo.regione.campania.it

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 45 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

WEB‐GIS

I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 46 The Second World Landslide Forum, Rome, 3‐9 October 2011 Session L14 ‐ Landslides (and legislation), policies, cost benefit analysis and decision makers

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I. Giulivo, F. Galluccio, F. Matano, L. Monti, C. Terranova ‐ Landslide risk and mitigation policies in Campania Region (Italy) 47