The JapanSocietyJapan Society ofMedicalof Medical Entomology and Zoology
[Med. EntomoL Zool.Vol.50 No.4 p,341-3431999)
Research Note
Fivedipterous flies bred fromJapanesecormorant feces in Japan
Tsunemaru OKADoME and Masaru SAsAHARA
EntemolQgical Laboraton,, hacutC3, ofAgriculture, Mleijo U}ziversiCy. 71empaku-ku, NLzgeyq 468-8502 Jktpan
(Received: 5 Juiy 1999; Accepted: 14 October 1999>
Key words:Japanese cormorant, dung, larval foods, Diptera, Japan
Abstract: Five species of dipterous fiies, Scatqpse notata (Linnaeus> (Scatopsidae), Anthomyia iltocata Walker (Anthomyiidae), liZinnia sp. (Fanniidae), TePhrochlamys joponica Okadome laboratory and kept on ca. 3 cm of damp INTRODUCTION soil in the rearing containers <43× 34 × 28 cm), covered with nylon organdy. The Some dipterous larvae are well-known rearing was carried out at room tempera- as coprophagous. The flies bred from ture (20-25℃). dung of the Japanese cormorant, Phalacr- ocorax carbo hanedae Kuroda (Steganopo- Scatopsidae des, Phalacrocoracidae) were investigated Scatopse notata (Linnaeus) in this report. The adult fiies that emerged (Japanese name: Kurotsuya-nise-kebae) from the Japanese cormorant dung were According to Lyall (1929), this species 51 individuals belonging to 5families, 5 was found on human excrement, but was genera and 5species (Table 1), of which hitherto unknown from the Japanese cor- TePhrochlamys 1'qPonica constitutes 47% morant dung. of the total, and thnnia sp. 22%, Scatopse notata 20%, Anthomyia illocata 8% and Anthomyiidae Hbmoneura sPhincta 4%. Anthomyia itlocata Walker NII-Electronic Library Service The JapanSocietyJapan Society ofMedicalof Medical Entomology and Zoology 342 Med. EntomoL Zool. Table 1.Species and number of flies reared from dung of the Japanese cormorant in Japan. Species IndividualsemergedDate of dung collected (1998)Emergence date (1998) Scatopsidae Feb. 13Mar. Feb. 27Apr. ScatoPse notata 28.3\lr,1\lr,29 31 6Apr. lt 8 Anthomyiidae Anthomyia ittocata lr,2?lr Feb. 27 Mar. 10Mar. " 17 Fanniidae hannia sp. 5.i,1?lr2o'2r Feb. 27Mar. Mar. 17Apr. 31 6Apr. lr 8Apr. n 10 Heleomyzidae Feb. 2Feb, 7laphrochtamys J'aPonica 2459lr,293?4\IM,491".14Feb. 13 n 23Feb. 11Feb. 24Mar. 27 3Mar, " 17June ttMar, 10June 31 6 Lauxaniidae Ubmoneura sphincta 2\ Feb. 27 Mar. 17 Faniidae Lauxaniidae lhnnia sp. Hbmoneura sphincta Sasakawa et Ikeuchi one lauxaniid Smith (1989) listed some European spe- Upto the present, only cies of the genus hannia, which was previ- species, 7b'icholauxania Praeusta (Fallen), ously recorded from bird nests. According was bred from cow dung Heleomyzidae The authors wish to express sincere K. Nishida of Kobe Institute Tt?phrochlamys japonica Okadome thanks to Dr. (Chabane-togehanebae) of Public Health for his helpful taxonomic Two European species of TePhrochlamys advice on the Faniidae. were found from bird nests (Wallece, 1947). In Japan, larvae of T 1'aPonica bred REFERENCES from a decaying nest of Vlaspa mandarina on the J'aPoniea Smith (Okadome, 1990) and T Hicks, E. A. {1959) Checle List and Bibliogrophy 681 Iowa rufiventn's (Meigen) were also recorded Occurrence ofinsectsin Bird IVests, pp., Iowa, from bird nests (Saunt, 1934) and on hu- State College Press,Ames, man excrement in Hokkaido (Okadome, Hicks, E. A. (1962) Check list and bibliography on Supplement 1991). Iwasa {1995) reported Tophrocht- the occurrence of insectsin bird nests. 233-348. amys sp. (=Z ezonensis Okadome) reared I. fowa Sta,J Sci,,36, Suppl: from bird nests. Iwasa, M. {1995) Fly fauna of bird nests in Hokkaido, Japan (Diptera). Can. Entomot. 127: 613-621. NII-Electronic Library Service The Japan SocietySooiety of MedioalMedical Entomology and Zoology VoL 50 No ,4 1999 343 − ’ Keilin, D .(1924 ) On the lifehistory of Anthomyza ’ procetlans L , and /1. putvialis L . inhabiting the − 摘 要 nests of birds. Parasitol()gッ,16 : 150 159 . Laurence , B . R .(1953 )Some Diptera bred from cow カ ワ ウ の 糞 か ら発生 した 5 種 の ハ エ 類 − dung . Entomot. M ()n . Mag .,89 : 281 283 , 岡留恒 丸 笹原 勝 Lyall E.1929 The larva and of Scatopse , ( ) pupa 名城大学農 学部昆虫学 研究室 . ・ − − fusCipesMg and a colnparison Qf the known spe (〒 468 8502 名古 屋市天 白区塩釜 口 1 501 ) cies of Scatiosuud larvae. Ann , ApP ム Biot.,16: 1998 年 の 2 月 13 目 ,27 日 お よ び 3 31 日 の 3 630 −638 . 月 回 に わ た の 0 ,2ha − り, 愛 知県知多郡美 浜 町 菅苅池 ( )周辺 に Okadome , T .(1990} Notes on two Japanese Heleomy − 営巣 し た カ ワ ウ の 巣 か ら落下 し た 糞 を 集 め て 飼育 した 結 zid larvae. Makunagi,(16): 1 6. 果 ,5 科 5 属 5 種の 双 翅 目昆虫 を 確認 し た .発生 し た 種 Okadome , T .(1991)Anew record of Tephrochtα mys 類 とそ の 発生 率 は 次 の よ うで あ っ た. rttfiventris (Meigen)from Japan.ノ加 , f, Sanit. Zoot., − 1) ク ロ ッ ヤ ニ セ ケ バ エ ScatoPse notata (Linnaeus) 42 : 51 52 . (20%),2) ク ロ オ ビ ハ ナ バ エ Anthomyia itlocα ta Saunt , J. W .(1934 ) Three seasons amongst the in− Walker (8 % ),3)Fannla sp .(22 % ),4 )チ ャ バ ネ ト ゲ ハ sects at Tile Hill nature reserve , Proc. Co ven try Na t. バ − ネ エ Tephrochlamysゴαρo 短 c α Okadome (47 %),5) HdS t. S(nL Soc .,1: 84 89, Hotnoneura sphincta Sasakawa et lkeuchi (4 % )で , Smith , K . G . V .(1989 ) An introduction to the imma − チ ャ バ ネ ト ゲ ハ ネ バ エ (トゲ ハ ネ パ エ 科) が 最 も多 く , ture stages of British flies. Handbh Ident. Br. lns., バ − − Fannia sp .(ヒ メ イ エ エ 科) が こ れ に 次 ぎ , H . sPhin 10 (14 ): 1 280 . cta (シ マ バ エ 科 ) は わ ず か に 2 個体 の 発 生 が 確認 さ れ た Wallace, C . H .(1947)Further notes on the Heleomy・ − の み で ,発生総個体数 の な か で 最 も 少 な か っ た . zidae (Diptera}, Entomol,1〜θc.,59: 45 46. 一 NII-ElectronicN 工 工 Eleotronio Library Service