By Shaun Newman with Photographs Bv Andrew Mcninch
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-renrune vnn',lcr r'Fenr r iv,lrrLDi'Ni WNGA ByShaun Newman with photographs bVAndrew McNinch Why wouldyou want to makea only fit to play light or inferior music for€finger), then tortoiseshell and in studying them to envisagethe stcps mandolin?Perhaps you haveread - but iust listen to Mvaldii mandolin now, ofcourse, plastic. In a time needed (and the correct sequenceif CaptainCorellit Mandolinby Louis concerto, or works by RaffaeleCalace ofvariation other forms emerged, frustrating pitfalls are to be avoided) de Berniires,or seenthe film? or Pi€tro D€nis, to discover how but it was not until the mandolin to bring the two'dimcnsional drawing Perhapsyou haveheard Vivaldii seriously both composers and players arrived in thc USA in the 1880s to three-dimensional life. I 6nd ConcertoFor Two Mandolins(or take the instrument. Beethoven that the modifrcation to the llatback it valuable to trace from the plan ,ohn Williams'transcription for two wrote four works for mandolin and (attributed to Orville Gibson ofthe onto parchment, then draw around guitars)?Perhaps you areattracted piano and even played the mandolin now famous Gibson company) really th€ transparent templates with a by the ideaofa small,easily portable himself. It has e 6rm place in iazz, gained popularity. The instrument sharp pencil directly onto the wood, instrumentoflovely shape, or simply bluegrassand folk music, and can quickly became establishedand, ov€r following cenir€ lines or fret spacing by the challengeofmaking something even be heard in the opening riff time, €ntire mandolin orchestras a little dilierent?Perhaps... Well, of Rod Stewart!'Maggie Mayl The becam€ popular.. The rest, as they Next comes th€ sel€ction of why wouldyou not want to makea mandolin clearly has a wide appeal say,is history. timbers. The instruments illustrated mandolin?! to lov€rs ofmany styles ofmusic. It The modern mandolin is an A few misguidedpeople do not take is lovely to look at, has a fascinating extremely versatile instrument which the mandolinseriously, thinking it history, and making one offers all comes in three distinct forms: the ; .1 sorts ofopportunities. I could not traditional 'bowl backed; in which --trt resist the challenge for this article laminated strips are used to make the and have made two instruments in distinctive body resembling halfa a slightly different design and have Terry's Oran8e; the 'carved top;which started a third! is construct€d rather in the style of a violin; and the'flatbacK which is History the one I chose to make and which I Themandolin belongs to a wide describe in this article. familyofinstruments - the mandola, the octavemandolin, the mandocello Construction andthe mandobass.The earliest The first step in making a mandolin wasderived from a sopranoform is to get hold ofa plan. lt can be here are made from rosewood and ofthe m€dievallute knownas the puzzling that plans often com€ with koa (sometim€s mixed) for th€ mandore.The mandore was'bowl no instructions, some even with no backs and sides; spruce or cedar backed:had six pairsof strings m€asurements,being accurate full' for the tops; and cedar, mahogany andwas plucked with the fingers. scaledrawings. Tim€ must be spent or poplar for the hcad and neck. Towardsthe endofthe tSth c€ntury The fingerboards are ofebony or a new form developed,principally birdt eye maple. lt is accept€d that in Naples- stillwith a bowlback, the mandolin can be made from a but with iust four pairsofstdngs variety oftimbers - from traditional madefrom gut, brass,steel or silk. hardwoods such as walnut, apple or One maker,Giovanni Fouchetti pear for the back and sides,to any (1724-1793),perhaps trying to get available resonant timber that will the bestofallworlds, usedbrass for not twist when reduced to around the lowerstrings, gut for the middle 2 mm ofthickness - allowing wide onesand silk for the trcbles.The scope to the imagination ofthe so-calledNeapolitan period saw the first useofa plectrum.originally a Once the timber has been selected goosequill wasused (sharpened to and stor€d in a dry place, it is time a point andsometimes tied to the to start work on a mould. Opinion is FEATURE xt this strgc to c(^1f Nhcfc thr ( nds prelcr|ccl,lrholes c.rn bc cLrtto the ol thc t$r) sidesnrc(t.rt the txil.,\t lott rnd fight of thc (.ntre linc. I hnye this point, considrf.rtionshoukl bc ch.rseDr ft,und n)undholebcc.rusc gi\,.'rrto .rn,v.le(()fiti(r1that tnrt lhe chlnncl k) tnkc thc simplerosettc be usedto cnhanccthe.rppe.rrancc crn ensilvbe cut usingr liehtwci{rht oi th. instfurDent.lif e\.rmplc,thc routef $ itl\ .r tralnurrllingbasr trilbl(x l( inh\ crn bc ol lhc s.rnrc Ihc roscttcitsclf c.rn bo madel(,nr dcsignas thc brck contfc inhy, stfipsol puflling, bcnt .rf{'unclthc the hurdstoclicentf.piece ard the plrrllings.It crn nls,)bc choscrrin kccping$ ith the fosctte.lhc inl.r\ js trpped in $ ith i fubbef hcldcd hinrncf ,rndthc sidts rre thcr) repl.rccdrnto the nrould. thc $ hole thing upl 'ftc ho.rdstock (li\ided h!'r.( !onrc nrxlrfs \uggest (.rn then be slrxpcdto rdci .r little thxt .r ll.rtw()r I bolr.l is srlli(.icnt,bul i,rdividurlitv.Ihc hcclblocli is madc it |lceds.r ( onrplc\ setol . rnrs . 1)und b! l.rnrinatingpicccs cut li1,nrthe (hr oLrtlinc,,1lhe rnst11||rr(ntdrr\\n .'rrdol the ncck billet to .rchitve ,,nt,,the bourd lleel itiss.rlilrnd thc fcquircd dcpth.The srdcsafc ,,,( c felirbk r(, Drrlic| (hipborfd thcn gluedinto thc heelblock using ' ,,,o(rldconrprisingbasLb,,.rrclrnd r sinrplerebrt( .rn.lbutt ioinl. \i(lf\ lb .rll,\ lor the slightr isein (llrnrping this )oint is dilti(.ult,so it is hot iforr.rnd tapped jnt(' placeNith rh( lr(,r11)l(lr. rI.rnd(rrn,l hollo\ rr x fubber.hcrdedhrm,ricf rfter thc n df to r dfprh ol arour)di orn) i,r clrrn,rclhrs beenlined with Titcbond th. brse itscll..\ srn)ll r.b.rt{ nrustbc Iliphatic .rdhcsr\e. ()rrce the'I itLb(,od ( ur rrto thc urrdrfsideol th( mould h.rscurLd,lhe \lv)lc 1tlrntshould idgesto illo\\ l,,r the o\cfl.ppcd lr(nt to sit ilr t)lxcrwhilc thc sidcs nrc l\f.r.l.rnd nc( L ifc |ll;tdc li(rD rre glLrl'd.r\ cli,.rrccntrtlinc shoukl .t sirule piccc oftinrbcr ccdif ol be nr.ukedthf()ugh thc inside(n the nrrhog.rny nfe thc r)1()stpopul.rr nr,)ul.l,as this h.lps to ( nsLrfclhc choi.es. Ihc lreaclsl(trk is cfcrtcd nc.l. is hckl stfxightdur ing r frng(' (n b) ,r !(xrl joint cur rt ir)und l5 . Il x shrllo\\of xngle is usc.lthe strirgs \1)fth investingsom€ tinrr in mrking .r iig with,rngl(i blockst(, hold thc $.holc.rsserrlbhg( in placcwhilc thc gluc cufes. Ihe lront ol th. nrrndolin shi)uld br cleanc(lup \ ith ll0 qfrt grfrret, bc nradelionr linclv graincdspfLrce rnd an\ jr peflectiorrsir) the roscttc of (oda! butt jointe.l.rtlhc ccntrein lilled $ ith l)rcrf gfccn supffsluc. a h(c ind *'cdlrciig. \bu kn,trvvou Ihis $ ill crrh.rncethc (olour rnd xrr !)lne\horc nrnf to tho ffquired rruke Ii)r r smooth suflrce \\'hen thi(kn€ss\hen rou crn scesunlighl rhl.(,oghthc sp,L,(a.Thc si,undholc Ihc sidcscolnc ncrt rnd .l|c cui nr.rl burr rt the t()t)r)rt, \thi1cil thc can bc mrde r'oundo| ovrl, or, if 1r(,nrb(!)Ln.rt.hcd tinlber,rcduced .'nglc t()ostcep il ..tn incrcxscthc 'r 10I nrn in rhk l.ncss.lhf pl.rn\!ill tcnsi()n,)n thc strincsrnd c,rrsethe Lndir.rtcihr (liI)cnsions,but it is lfont to bucl(leinsrfds. A vcDccfis iniP,)rt.rntl() cr)sufe.rtthis strge thnt norm.rllvphccd on thc uppcr la(c r)l lh,fdses ol lh. si(lesthirl (omc into the h!.rds(,'ck,helpirrg to streoqthen (()n(.r.1\\ rth thc lr('ltt .rrf plrncd the scrfl ir)intrncl olii r ing a fu(hcr truc lhc sid.s.l|c benl r)Dllrc hot opportunil) lor dc(or.rtion..\ iig ir)n,,nd h(ld in (hc moLrkl\'hilethc rrudc lronr tNo met.rlflrlers.rn.l l.rilblo.Lis nr.rlc (nofnr.rll\lrnD r pie.. (,1( hipbo.,rd (.rn bc uscd (d.rr, popl.rr,,, biss\1)(xl).lil\ays t{)cforte thc herdst(,(li \eneef; lrrrrn.rtcthe t,rrlblochlbnddcld rcoreorbcft{) covcr thc chipbo.tfd \trcr)!th.An inh\ c.rnbc iDtrodu(cd $.ith plf(cl t.rpeto.ryr)id gluing IFEATUREMAKING AFLAIBACK aqry.'^l the finish is applied. Once the front several contrasting woods may be contact at this point is essential, has been thickness€d to around 2 used, with decomtive inlays between otherwise the sound will be impaired. mm, the cross bracescan be 6tted them- The lace and wedgejig holds A nickel silver tailpiece is fitt€d to and then scalloped and gabled, both everything together while the glue the lower end ofthe mandolin,it for eleganceand for an even sound cures.lfjust two pieces of timber holds the €nds ofthe strings firmly in distribution- are used, the centreioin should be place and is also designed to prevent when the glue has 6rmly set, the strengthened with a cross banding of them buzzing against the body of the sidesand neck assemblycan b€ spruce; alternatively, if several pieces instrument. lt is possible to make one of these tailpieces,but considering the reasonableprice, this is an item worth buying. The machine heads come n€xt; they are fitted into holes drilled into the sawblade without fearoftaking the headstock. As there are eight strings, edgeoE anyofthe te€th.The slots getting the holes to line up exactly are cut using the spacingson the can be quite tricky, so a hardwood or plan (accuracyis essential,otherwise steel jig pre-cut to requirement helps tru€ tuningwill b€ impossible) a great deal.