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A Synopsis of Phaseoleae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) James Andrew Lackey Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1977 A synopsis of Phaseoleae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) James Andrew Lackey Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Lackey, James Andrew, "A synopsis of Phaseoleae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) " (1977). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 5832. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/5832 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. -
Calabar Bean) 1John Bull E.O
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH © 2013, Science Huβ, http://www.scihub.org/AJSIR ISSN: 2153-649X, doi:10.5251/ajsir.2013.4.2.226.230 Isolation, characterisation and anti-cholinesterase activities of Physostigma venenosum (Calabar bean) 1John Bull E.O. and 2Ikpa, C.B.C.* 1Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. 2Department of Chemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. ABSTRACT Chemical investigation of the anticholenestrases activity of the seeds of physostigma venenosum (ordeal or calabar bean, esere bean or calabar bohme) resulted in the isolation of sangainarine N-diglycoside. The structure of the compound was established using NMR spectroscopy of (1H, 13C, COSY, DEPT and HSQC) in combination with IR and MS spectral data. The seed of the plant was extracted by percolation using ethanol. The extract was partitioned to obtain chloroform, water, methanol, and pet-ether fractions. The chloroform fraction was discovered as the most active fraction in anticholinesterase activity. The compound displayed a very high anticholinesterase activity (99.5%) in an in vitro test. The result did not support the use of physostigma venenosum as an ordeal poison by the Calabar people of Nigeria to justify person accused of witch craft. Keywords: Physostigma venenosum, Anticholinesterase, Huperzin ‘A’, Enzyme assay INTRODUCTION alkaloid extracted from physostigma venenosium have higher cholinesterase inhibitory activities when Most micro organisms and pest -
Gyneceum Apokarpní, Plodolistů Mnoho Na Prodlouženém Květním Lůžku
Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité Oddělení: Angiospermae (Magnoliophyta) Bazální krytosemenné Magnoliidy Řád: Magnoliales Čeleď: Magnoliaceae Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité • Stromy nebo keře (vždyzelené nebo opadavé) Liriodendron tulipifera Magnolia x soulangeana wihort.uwex.edu floralimages.co.uk Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité •Listy jednoduché, střídavé, s opadavými palisty Magnolia x soulangeana Liriodendron tulipifera everettj.people.cofc.edu wihort.uwex.edu Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité •Květy jednotlivé, většinou oboupohlavné, spirální •Květní obaly nerozlišené, tvoří okvětí Magnolia stellata Magnolia x soulangeana wihort.uwex.edu hcp4.net everettj.people.cofc.edu Liriodendron tulipifera floralimages.co.uk semillista.com Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité •Tyčinek mnoho, většinou lupenitých (krátká a tlustá nitka) •Gyneceum apokarpní, plodolistů mnoho na prodlouženém květním lůžku Liriodendron tulipifera nitky tyčinky pestíky semillista.com semillista.com Magnoliaceae – šácholánovité •Plod měchýřek (Magnolia), nažka (Liriodendron), tvoří šišticovitá souplodí •častá kantarogamie (opylení brouky) Magnolia grandiflora Liriodendron tulipifera commons.wikimedia.org Primulaceae (prvosenkovité) Oddělení: Angiospermae (Magnoliophyta) Dvouděložné (Dicots) Pravé dvouděložné (Eudicots) Asteridy Řád: Ericales Čeleď: Primulaceae Primulaceae – prvosenkovité • Převážně suchozemské byliny, vzácně vodní rostliny okolík květů • Listy střídavé, vstřícné nebo v přízemní růžici většinou jednoduché, u vodních složené bez palistů • Květy jednotlivé nebo v květenstvích -
World Bank Document
BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT Public Disclosure Authorized PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized -· I ~ . Public Disclosure Authorized AMBALARA FOREST RESERVE NORTHERN SAVANNAH BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION PROJECT (NSBCP) Public Disclosure Authorized JULY 2007 BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN AMBALARA FOREST RESERVE PART 1: DESCRIPTION 1.1. Location and Extent Ambalara Forest Reserve lies m the Wa District of Upper West Region. The Wa- Kunbungu motor road crosses the reserve benveen Kandca and Katua. The Reserve lies between Longitude zo0 ' and 2° 10' West and Latitude 9° 53 'anti lOV 07' North. (Survey of Ghana map references are: North C-30 North C-30 and North C-30 ) . J K Q The Reserve has an area of 132.449 km2 1.2 Status . The Ambalara Forest Reserve was recommended to be constituted under local authority Bye laws in 1955 and was constituted in 1957. The Ambalara Forest Reserve was created to ensure the supply of forest produce for the local people in perpetuity. It has therefore been managed naturally with little or no interventions for the benefit of the people domestically. 1.3 Property/Communal Rights There is no individual ownership of the land. The Wa Naa and his sub-chiefs, the Busa Naa and Kojokpere Naa have ownership rights over the land. 1.4 Administration 1.4.1 Political The Forest Reserve is within the jurisdiction of Wa District Assembly of Upper West Region. Greater part of the reserve, 117.868 km2 lies within the Busa - Pirisi - Sing - · Guile Local Council with headquarters at Busa. A smaller portion 14.581 km2 North of the Ambalara River lies within the Issa- Kojokpere Local Council with headquarters at Koj?kpere. -
Special-Status Plants and Invasive/Noxious Weeds Technical Report
SACRAMENTO MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT UPPER AMERICAN RIVER PROJECT (FERC NO. 2101) SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS AND INVASIVE/NOXIOUS WEEDS TECHNICAL REPORT Prepared by: Devine Tarbell & Associates, Inc. Sacramento, California Prepared for: Sacramento Municipal Utility District Sacramento, California JULY 2004 Sacramento Municipal Utility District Upper American River Project FERC Project No. 2101 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section & Description Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 2.0 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................ 2 2.1 Special-Status Plants Study Plan ............................................................................ 2 2.2 Invasive/Noxious Weeds Study Plan...................................................................... 3 2.3 Water Year Types................................................................................................... 4 2.4 Agency Requested Information .............................................................................. 5 3.0 METHODS ......................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Special-Status Plants............................................................................................... 5 3.2 Noxious Weeds ....................................................................................................... 6 4.0 RESULTS .......................................................................................................................... -
Plant List for Web Page
Stanford Working Plant List 1/15/08 Common name Botanical name Family origin big-leaf maple Acer macrophyllum Aceraceae native box elder Acer negundo var. californicum Aceraceae native common water plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica Alismataceae native upright burhead Echinodorus berteroi Alismataceae native prostrate amaranth Amaranthus blitoides Amaranthaceae native California amaranth Amaranthus californicus Amaranthaceae native Powell's amaranth Amaranthus powellii Amaranthaceae native western poison oak Toxicodendron diversilobum Anacardiaceae native wood angelica Angelica tomentosa Apiaceae native wild celery Apiastrum angustifolium Apiaceae native cutleaf water parsnip Berula erecta Apiaceae native bowlesia Bowlesia incana Apiaceae native rattlesnake weed Daucus pusillus Apiaceae native Jepson's eryngo Eryngium aristulatum var. aristulatum Apiaceae native coyote thistle Eryngium vaseyi Apiaceae native cow parsnip Heracleum lanatum Apiaceae native floating marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Apiaceae native caraway-leaved lomatium Lomatium caruifolium var. caruifolium Apiaceae native woolly-fruited lomatium Lomatium dasycarpum dasycarpum Apiaceae native large-fruited lomatium Lomatium macrocarpum Apiaceae native common lomatium Lomatium utriculatum Apiaceae native Pacific oenanthe Oenanthe sarmentosa Apiaceae native 1 Stanford Working Plant List 1/15/08 wood sweet cicely Osmorhiza berteroi Apiaceae native mountain sweet cicely Osmorhiza chilensis Apiaceae native Gairdner's yampah (List 4) Perideridia gairdneri gairdneri Apiaceae -
(Dr. Sc. Nat.) Vorgelegt Der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftl
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2012 Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-88785 Dissertation Originally published at: de Vos, Jurriaan Michiel. Flowers, sex, and diversity: Reproductive-ecological and macro-evolutionary aspects of floral variation in the Primrose family, Primulaceae. 2012, University of Zurich, Facultyof Science. FLOWERS, SEX, AND DIVERSITY. REPRODUCTIVE-ECOLOGICAL AND MACRO-EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF FLORAL VARIATION IN THE PRIMROSE FAMILY, PRIMULACEAE Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr. sc. nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Jurriaan Michiel de Vos aus den Niederlanden Promotionskomitee Prof. Dr. Elena Conti (Vorsitz) Prof. Dr. Antony B. Wilson Dr. Colin E. Hughes Zürich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s ist ein zentrales Ziel in der Evolutionsbiologie, die Muster der Vielfalt und die Prozesse, die sie erzeugen, zu verstehen. -
Sources of Crude Drug, Plant Families, Biogenesis of Phytochemicals
1 Sources of Crude Drug, Plant Families, Biogenesis of Phytochemicals SOURCES OF CRUDE DRUG Plant Oldest source of drugs. 25% of the drugs prescribed worldwide come from plants More than 200 drugs considered as basic and essential by the World Health Organisation (WHO) Significant number of synthetic drugs obtained from natural precursors. Example: Digoxin from Digitalis species, quinine and quinidine from Cinchona species, vincristrine and vinblastine from Catharanthus roseus, atropine from Atropa belladonna and morphine and codeine from Papaver somniferum. Animal Second largest source of crude drugs. Example: Honey from honeybee, beeswax from bees, cod liver oil from shark, bufalin from toad, animal pancreas is a source of Insulin, musk oil from musk, spermaceti wax from sperm whale, woolfat from sheep, carminic acid from colchineal, venoms from snake Mineral Highly purified form of naturally occurring mineral substances is used in medicine Example: Sulphur is a key ingredient in certain bacteriostatic drugs, shilajit is used as tonic, calamine is used as anti-itching agent Marine Major part of earth is covered with water bodies and hence bioactive compounds from marine flora and fauna (microorganisms, algae, fungi, invertebrates, and 1 Contd… 2 Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry: A Companion Handbook vertebrates) have extensive past and present use in the treatment of many diseases Marine Serve as compounds of interest both in their natural form and as templates for synthetic modification. Several molecules isolated from various -
Plants in Medicine
University of Pretoria.etd CHAPTER 2 2. PLANTS IN MEDICINE 2.1 APPROACHES TO PLANT-DERIVED DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2.1.1 Brief history Fossils of plants date back as early as 3.2 billion years ago. These plants provided the foundation upon which animal life and later, human life were based on. They provide bodybuilding food and calories as well as vitamins essential for metabolic regulation. Plants also yield active principles employed as medicines [Shultes, 1992]. Finding healing powers in plants is an ancient idea. Hundreds, if not thousands, of indigenous plants have been used by people on all continents as poultices and infusions dating back to prehistory. There is evidence of Neanderthals, living 60 000 years ago in present-day Iraq, using hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.), which is still in ethnomedicinal use around the world today [Cowan, 1999]. The Bible offers descriptions of at least 30 healing plants of which frankincense (Boswellia sacra L.) and myrrh (Commiphora myrrha L.) were employed as mouthwashes due to their reported antiseptic properties. The fall of ancient civilisations resulted in the destruction or loss of much of the documentation of plant pharmaceuticals but many cultures continued in the excavation of the older works as well as building upon them. Native Americans were reported to have used 1625 species of plants as food while 2564 found use as drugs, while the Europeans started turning towards botanicals when treatment in the 1800s became dangerous and ineffective [Cowan, 1999]. Today some 1500 species of medicinal and aromatic plants are widely used in Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Turkey and the United Kingdom [Hoareau, 1999]. -
Grasslands of Eastern Europe
Grasslands of Eastern Europe Péter Török, MTA-DE Lendület Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary Iwona Dembicz, Botanical Garden Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Plant Ecology and Environmental Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Zora Dajic-Stevanovic, Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia Anna Kuzemko, M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This chapter was solicited and edited by Jürgen Dengler and Péter Török on behalf of the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG). Delimitation and Physiogeography 1 Origin and Biodiversity of Grasslands 2 Typology of Grasslands 3 Steppes and Steppe Grasslands in Forest Steppe Mosaics 4 Alpine Grasslands 5 Azonal and Extrazonal Grasslands 5 Coastal and inland saline grasslands 5 Sand steppes and coastal sand grasslands 5 Grasslands on shallow rocky substrates 5 Dry and Semi-Dry Grasslands 5 Mesic to Wet Grasslands 6 Ecology and Biodiversity Patterns 6 Ecosystem Services and Threats 7 Area Loss 7 Changes in Management: Intensification and Abandonment 7 Invasive Species Encroachment 8 Climate Change 8 Some Further Drivers of Grassland Biodiversity 8 Conservation, Sustainable Management and Restoration 8 Conservation 8 Sustainable Grassland Management and Restoration 9 Acknowledgments 9 References 9 Abstract Grasslands -
Buglife Ditches Report Vol1
The ecological status of ditch systems An investigation into the current status of the aquatic invertebrate and plant communities of grazing marsh ditch systems in England and Wales Technical Report Volume 1 Summary of methods and major findings C.M. Drake N.F Stewart M.A. Palmer V.L. Kindemba September 2010 Buglife – The Invertebrate Conservation Trust 1 Little whirlpool ram’s-horn snail ( Anisus vorticulus ) © Roger Key This report should be cited as: Drake, C.M, Stewart, N.F., Palmer, M.A. & Kindemba, V. L. (2010) The ecological status of ditch systems: an investigation into the current status of the aquatic invertebrate and plant communities of grazing marsh ditch systems in England and Wales. Technical Report. Buglife – The Invertebrate Conservation Trust, Peterborough. ISBN: 1-904878-98-8 2 Contents Volume 1 Acknowledgements 5 Executive summary 6 1 Introduction 8 1.1 The national context 8 1.2 Previous relevant studies 8 1.3 The core project 9 1.4 Companion projects 10 2 Overview of methods 12 2.1 Site selection 12 2.2 Survey coverage 14 2.3 Field survey methods 17 2.4 Data storage 17 2.5 Classification and evaluation techniques 19 2.6 Repeat sampling of ditches in Somerset 19 2.7 Investigation of change over time 20 3 Botanical classification of ditches 21 3.1 Methods 21 3.2 Results 22 3.3 Explanatory environmental variables and vegetation characteristics 26 3.4 Comparison with previous ditch vegetation classifications 30 3.5 Affinities with the National Vegetation Classification 32 Botanical classification of ditches: key points -
Effect of Plant Community on Recruitment of Pulsatilla Pratensis in Dry Grassland*
EFFECT OF PLANT COMMUNITY ON RECRUITMENT OF PULSATILLA PRATENSIS IN DRY GRASSLAND* M. Bochenková1, M. Hejcman2, P. Karlík1 1Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Department of Dendrology and Forest Breeding, Prague, Czech Republic 2Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecology, Prague, Czech Republic The most critical life phase of many plant species is seedlings recruitment. We investigated emergence and survival of seed- lings of endangered Pulsatila pratensis subsp. bohemica on dry grassland close to Prague (Czech Republic). We asked: (1) How are the field emergence and survival of seedlings affected by different plant communities? (2) Is the in situ seeding of lo- cal seeds a perspective method for the reinforcement of the declining population? In May 2010, we selected plots with domi- nant Festuca pallens (Festuca treatment), Geranium sanguineum accompanied by Festuca rupicola (Geranium treatment), and plots without any vegetation (Control treatment) and sewed 1350 seeds of P. pratensis. In October 2010, field emergence was 1.7, 2.6, and 1.3% in Festuca, Geranium, and Control treatments. In March 2011, only 4 and 3 seedlings were recorded in Festuca and Control treatments and no seedlings survived in Geranium treatment. By the end of 2011, only one seedling was alive in Control treatment and this seedling survived till October 2012. We concluded that in situ seeding was not an effective method for reinforcement of P. pratensis populations because of very low emergence rate and following survival of seedlings. field emergence; germination; pasqueflower; steppe plant communities INTRODUCTION improved by the mycorrhizal colonization (M o o r a et al., 2004).