Focus On: City Independent Budget Office FiscThe Preliminaryal Brie Budgetf March 2017 City’s Environmental Agency Increases Its Focus on Green Infrastructure Projects The Preliminary Capital Commitment Plan for 2017 through The additional funding added to the January plan increases 2020 (the January plan) includes an additional $268 DEP’s capital budget for green infrastructure projects over million for green infrastructure-related projects in the the 2017 through 2020 period by 52 percent to $787 Department of Environmental Protection’s (DEP) capital million. Of the new $268 million investment, $78 million has budget (all years refer to fiscal years). Green infrastructure been allocated to projects in the Gravesend Bay watershed includes installations that capture or divert water runoff and drainages on the west side of in Brooklyn. from traditional sewers. The additional funds are part Another $52 million was added for the Little Bay watershed of an ongoing, multiyear effort led by DEP to reduce and areas in north central Queens that drain into the East combined sewer overflows and runoff, improve water River and , as well as $1 million included for and air quality, and beautify city neighborhoods. Building River watershed in the Bronx. Roughly half of the green infrastructure in the city’s watersheds is part of new funds ($137 million), largely added to the latter years DEP’s comprehensive strategy to meet the New York State of the capital plan, have not yet been allocated to specific Department of Environmental Conservation mandates projects or have been reserved for projects to be completed for water quality. The city’s strategy is laid out in its 2010 in conjunction with other city agencies. Green Infrastructure Plan. Much of ’s 7,500 miles of sewers has exceeded its useful life and approximately 60 percent of Green Infrastructure Capital Funds Increasing the system is combined, which means that both stormwater runoff from streets and parking lots and wastewater from Committed buildings empty into the same system. Newer separate Planned sewer systems keep stormwater and wastewater apart, Dollars in millions $450 ensuring that only stormwater is discharged into local 400 bodies of water. During normal operations, wastewater 350 treatment facilities are able to treat and discharge 300 combined sewage safely. During storms, however, the 250 amount of runoff can drastically increase, overwhelming 200 150 the city’s wastewater treatment facilities and storage 100 systems, causing a combined sewer overflow, where 50 untreated sewage and runoff is discharged directly into 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 local waterways. This overflow degrades local water quality as bacteria, pollutants, litter, and chemicals are discharged Fiscal Year into open water. SOURCE: Fiscal Year 2018 Preliminary Capital Commitment Plan NOTE: Totals include Interfund Agreements (IFA). Contingency not included. Green infrastructure is designed to reduce the amount New York City Independent Budget Office of runoff that enters the combined sewer system,

New York City 110 William St., 14th floor Fax (212) 442-0350 Independent Budget Office New York, NY 10038 [email protected] IBO Ronnie Lowenstein, Director Tel. (212) 442-0632 www.ibo.nyc.ny.us thereby reducing the chance that a rain or snow storm capital commitments for green infrastructure projects will overwhelm the treatment system. Examples of green rose from $2.3 million in 2012 to $109 million in 2016. infrastructure projects include rain gardens, green roofs, Going forward, DEP plans to commit even more funds for permeable pavement, and bioswales. Bioswales, which are green infrastructure projects, with $400 million in green common in New York City, consist of small gardens on the infrastructure investments planned for 2019, although it sidewalk that include specifically designed soil, stones, and would not be unusual for at least some of this funding to be plants that are able to absorb large amounts of water. By shifted into 2020 or beyond as plans evolve. allowing water to run into bioswales, green roofs, and rain gardens instead of street sewer drains, less stormwater Much of the capital funding committed in previous years ends up in wastewater treatment and local waterways. went towards green infrastructure projects that are now underway or completed in the , Gowanus Green infrastructure can also be beneficial in areas served Canal, and watersheds or in areas that drain by separate sewers as even runoff from city streets that is into Jamaica Bay or Flushing Bay. (Existing and in progress not mixed with waste is often contaminated with pollutants, green infrastructure projects are mapped by DEP and which end up being discharged into local waterways. The available here.) In the future, the city plans to continue plants used in green infrastructure arrangements also help adding green infrastructure in these areas and expand with citywide air quality and provide small areas of green these types of projects to areas that drain directly into the space on the city’s streets. , , and Westchester Creek.

DEP has been making substantial investments in green Prepared by Daniel Huber infrastructure capital projects in the past few years. Annual

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