Field Guides Birding Tours: Papua New Guinea 2012
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The Evolutionary Ecology of Elevational Specialization in Tropical
THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF ELEVATIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TROPICAL MONTANE BIRDS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Benjamin Gardner Freeman February 2016 © 2016 Benjamin Gardner Freeman THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF ELEVATIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TROPICAL MONTANE BIRDS Benjamin Gardner Freeman, Ph. D. Cornell University 2016 Tropical mountains are the most biodiverse terrestrial systems on Earth. This “megadiversity” is largely because tropical montane species inhabit narrow elevational distributions—understanding why tropical mountains are so biodiverse thus requires understanding the factors that explain elevational specialization. In my dissertation, I explored the role of two factors previously hypothesized to explain why tropical birds inhabit narrow elevational zones—temperature and interspecific competition. In Chapter 1, I describe resurveys of New Guinean montane bird communities originally surveyed by Jared Diamond in the 1960s, and demonstrate rapid warming-associated upslope shifts in these avifaunas. In Chapter 2, I test the hypothesis that these recent upslope shifts are the result of thermal specialization in New Guinean montane birds. However, I find no evidence that species’ exhibit local adaptation to ambient temperature in their thermal physiology (lower critical temperatures and thermal conductances), suggesting New Guinean montane birds’ elevational limits are minimally influenced by thermal specialization. I then use a comparative approach in Chapter 3 to test whether species exhibit local adaptation to cold high elevation environments in body size, and find little evidence that body size clines are positively linked to elevation in both intraspecific and interspecific analyses. These analyses suggest that temperature may primarily exert an indirect influence on tropical birds’ elevational distributions (e.g., by altering biotic interactions with prey, predators or competitors). -
PAPUA NEW GUINEA Paradise Untamed
Tropical Birding: Papua New Guinea July-August 2010 A Tropical Birding Set Departure Tour PAPUA NEW GUINEA (with the NEW BRITAIN EXTENSION): Paradise Untamed RIBBON-TAILED ASTRAPIA Kumul Lodge Voted bird of the trip 15 July – 5 August, 2010 Tour Leader: Sam Woods www.tropicalbirding.com [email protected] 1-409-515-0514 1 Tropical Birding: Papua New Guinea July-August 2010 Papua New Guinea is known as the “land of unexpected”, and their national saying is “expect the unexpected”. For good, and bad, we experienced some examples of this during this successful tour on this resource-rich island, and ammased a great trip list of 407 species . Some of what we saw was very much expected: a slew of species from arguably the most spectacular bird family on the planet, the outrageous birds-of-paradise. We picked up 24 species of birds-of-paradise on the tour, with the majority being males, some of which were seen in full, jaw-dropping display mode! The flurry of displaying male Greater Birds-of-paradise during a late afternoon show in the steamy lowland jungle near Kiunga standing out, as did the wonderful performance put on by PNG’s national bird, the Raggiana Bird-of- paradise near the nation’s capital, at Varirata NP. Getting a bunch of BOPs was expected, even in the land of the unexpected. However, on only our third day in the country watching a tree full of BOPs, of NINE different species (and 3 sicklebill species at one time in the same tree ) was very much unexpected even in New Guinea. -
Management and Breeding of Birds of Paradise (Family Paradisaeidae) at the Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation
Management and breeding of Birds of Paradise (family Paradisaeidae) at the Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation. By Richard Switzer Bird Curator, Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation. Presentation for Aviary Congress Singapore, November 2008 Introduction to Birds of Paradise in the Wild Taxonomy The family Paradisaeidae is in the order Passeriformes. In the past decade since the publication of Frith and Beehler (1998), the taxonomy of the family Paradisaeidae has been re-evaluated considerably. Frith and Beehler (1998) listed 42 species in 17 genera. However, the monotypic genus Macgregoria (MacGregor’s Bird of Paradise) has been re-classified in the family Meliphagidae (Honeyeaters). Similarly, 3 species in 2 genera (Cnemophilus and Loboparadisea) – formerly described as the “Wide-gaped Birds of Paradise” – have been re-classified as members of the family Melanocharitidae (Berrypeckers and Longbills) (Cracraft and Feinstein 2000). Additionally the two genera of Sicklebills (Epimachus and Drepanornis) are now considered to be combined as the one genus Epimachus. These changes reduce the total number of genera in the family Paradisaeidae to 13. However, despite the elimination of the 4 species mentioned above, 3 species have been newly described – Berlepsch's Parotia (P. berlepschi), Eastern or Helen’s Parotia (P. helenae) and the Eastern or Growling Riflebird (P. intercedens). The Berlepsch’s Parotia was once considered to be a subspecies of the Carola's Parotia. It was previously known only from four female specimens, discovered in 1985. It was rediscovered during a Conservation International expedition in 2005 and was photographed for the first time. The Eastern Parotia, also known as Helena's Parotia, is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of Lawes's Parotia, but differs in the male’s frontal crest and the female's dorsal plumage colours. -
The Avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, Including Evidence for Long-Term Population Dynamics in Undisturbed Tropical Forest
Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman 30 Bull. B.O.C. 2014 134(1) The avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, including evidence for long-term population dynamics in undisturbed tropical forest Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman Received 27 July 2013 Summary.—We conducted ornithological feld work on Mt. Karimui and in the surrounding lowlands in 2011–12, a site frst surveyed for birds by J. Diamond in 1965. We report range extensions, elevational records and notes on poorly known species observed during our work. We also present a list with elevational distributions for the 271 species recorded in the Karimui region. Finally, we detail possible changes in species abundance and distribution that have occurred between Diamond’s feld work and our own. Most prominently, we suggest that Bicolored Mouse-warbler Crateroscelis nigrorufa might recently have colonised Mt. Karimui’s north-western ridge, a rare example of distributional change in an avian population inhabiting intact tropical forests. The island of New Guinea harbours a diverse, largely endemic avifauna (Beehler et al. 1986). However, ornithological studies are hampered by difculties of access, safety and cost. Consequently, many of its endemic birds remain poorly known, and feld workers continue to describe new taxa (Prat 2000, Beehler et al. 2007), report large range extensions (Freeman et al. 2013) and elucidate natural history (Dumbacher et al. 1992). Of necessity, avifaunal studies are usually based on short-term feld work. As a result, population dynamics are poorly known and limited to comparisons of diferent surveys or diferences noticeable over short timescales (Diamond 1971, Mack & Wright 1996). -
Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25Th to 30Th June 2019 (6 Days) Trip Report
Papua New Guinea Huon Peninsula Extension I 25th to 30th June 2019 (6 days) Trip Report Huon Astrapia by Holger Teichmann Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Adam Walleyn Rockjumper Birding Tours www.rockjumperbirding.com Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea Huon Extension I 2019 2 Tour in Detail Our group met up in Port Moresby for the late morning flight to Lae’s Nadzab airport. Upon arrival, we transferred to our comfortable hotel on the outskirts of Lae city. A walk around the expansive grounds turned up some 23 species to get our lists well underway, including Orange-bellied and Pink-spotted Fruit Dove (the latter of the distinct and range-restricted plumbeicollis race), Torresian Imperial Pigeon, Eclectus Parrot, and Yellow-faced Myna, not to mention perhaps 1,000 Spectacled Flying Foxes creating quite the sight and sound! Early the next morning we were back at Nadzab airport, where a quick scan of the airfield produced some Horsfield’s Bush Larks and also excellent looks at a male Papuan Harrier that did a close flyby being bombarded by numerous Masked Lapwings! We were soon boarding our charter flight Pink-spotted Fruit Doves by Holger Teichmann over the rugged Huon mountains, although we quickly entered dense clouds and could see nothing of these impressive mountains. After some half an hour of flying through thick cloud on the plane’s GPS track, we suddenly descended and made an uphill landing at Kabwum airstrip! Our land cruiser was there, waiting for us, and after loading bags and ourselves onboard we made the bumpy drive up many switchbacks to reach the high ridge above Kabwum. -
Nesting Behavior of a Raggiana Bird of Paradise
Wilson Bull., 106(3), 1994, pp. 522-530 NESTING BEHAVIOR OF A RAGGIANA BIRD OF PARADISE WILLIAM E. DAVIS, JR.’ AND BRUCE M. BEEHLER* ABSTRACT..-WC made observations of a nest of a Raggiana Bird of Paradise (Parudisaea raggiana) for 22 days. The single nestling was attended only by the female and was fed only arthropods until day 5, and thereafter a mix of arthropods and fruit. Evidence from regurgitation of seeds at the nest indicates that the parent subsisted largely on fruit. This dietary dichotomy conforms to that of other polygynous birds of paradise and accords with socioecological predictions concerning single-parent nestling care. Received 3 Aug. 1993, accepted 1 Feb. 1994. Many aspects of the life history of birds of paradise (Paradisaeidae) are at least superficially understood (Gilliard 1969, Cooper and Forshaw 1977, Diamond 1981, Beehler 1989). One notable exception is nesting biology which is inadequately documented for many paradisaeid species (Cooper and Forshaw 1977). In spite of recent contributions (Pruett-Jones and Pruett-Jones 1988; Frith and Frith 1990, 1992, 1993a, b; Mack 1992), the nests of 13 species remain undescribed, and 26 species have never been studied at the nest (Cooper and Forshaw 1977; Beehler, unpubl.). Here we provide the first detailed description of nesting behavior of the Raggiana Bird of Paradise (Parudisaea ruggianu) in the wild, one of the best-known members of the family, and Papua New Guinea’s national symbol. The Raggiana Bird of Paradise is a common, vocal, and widespread species of forest and edge that inhabits lowlands and hills of southern, central, and southeastern Papua New Guinea (Cooper and Forshaw 1977). -
Papua New Guinea IV Trip Report 22Nd July to 8Th August 2018 (18 Days)
Papua New Guinea IV Trip Report 22nd July to 8th August 2018 (18 days) Flame Bowerbird by Glen Valentine Tour Leaders: Glen Valentine & David Erterius Trip report compiled by Glen Valentine Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea IV 2018 2 Top 10 birds of the tour as voted for by the tour participants: 1. Flame Bowerbird 2. King-of-Saxony Bird-of-Paradise 3. Wattled Ploughbill 4. Blue-capped Ifrit, King Bird-of-Paradise & Papuan Frogmouth 5. Wallace’s Fairywren, Superb Bird-of-Paradise, Wallace’s Owlet-nightjar, MacGregor’s Bowerbird (for its elaborate bower!) & Brown Sicklebill, 6. Queen Carola’s Parotia 7. Brown-headed Paradise Kingfisher 8. Moustached Treeswift, Blue Jewel-babbler, Emperor Fairywren & Orange-fronted Hanging Parrot 9. Crested Berrypecker & Black-capped Lory 10. Red-breasted Pygmy Parrot Sclater’s Crowned Pigeon by Glen Valentine Tour Summary Tucked away between the Lesser Sundas and the expansive continent of Australia is the legendary island of New Guinea. Home to the spectacular birds-of-paradise, arguably the world’s most attractive and intriguing bird family, New Guinea will always be one of those very special destinations that every birder wishes to visit sometime in their lives. Rockjumper Birding Tours Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea IV 2018 3 Our fourth of six comprehensive birding tours to Papua New Guinea (the eastern half of the island of New Guinea) for the 2018 season coincided, as always with the dry season and the advent of displaying birds-of-paradise. The trip was a resounding success once again and racked -
To Download the Pdf of This Tour
Inala’s Papua New Guinea 24 June – 5 July 2022 Prepared by Dr Tonia Cochran, Inala Nature Tours 14 August 2020. Stephanie’s Astrapia. Photo: G. Jones ITINERARY OUTLINE: Day 0. Fri 24 June 22. Arrive Cairns (recommended) Day 1. Sat 25 June 22. Fly Cairns to Mt Hagen via Port Moresby. Transfer to Rondon Ridge Day 2. Sun 26 June 22. Birding around Rondon Ridge Day 3. Mon 27 June 22. Community-run lodge in Enga Province. Rondon Ridge Day 4. Tue 28 June 22. Birding around Rondon Ridge Day 5. Wed 29 June 22. Birding in local villages in the valley. Rondon Ridge Day 6. Thu 30 June 22. Rondon Ridge to Mt Hagen to Karawari in the Eastern Sepik region. Day 7. Fri 1 July 22. Birding in the Karawari area Day 8. Sat 2 July 22. Birding and cultural activities, Karawari area Day 9. Sun 3 July 22. Birding and cultural activities, Karawari area Day10. Mon 4 July 22. Fly Karawari to Kum Mountain via Mt Hagen. Rondon Ridge. Day 11. Tue 5 July 22. Fly Rondon Ridge to Cairns via Port Moresby. HIGHLIGHTS: The island of Papua New Guinea (PNG) has one the richest and most varied avifauna in the world. Over 700 species of birds have been identified here so far, including around 580 land and freshwater species, 40 sea birds and 90 migrants from countries to the North and South.island of Papua New Guinea (PNG) has one the richest and most varied avifauna in the world. Over 700 species of birds have been identified here so far, including around 580 land and freshwater species, 40 sea birds and 90 migrants from countries to the North and South. -
Papua New Guinea Ii
The Greater Bird-of-paradise display we witnessed at the km 17 lek in Kiunga was truly unforgettable. PAPUA NEW GUINEA II 12– 28 August / 1 September 2016 LEADER: DANI LOPEZ VELASCO Our second tour to Papua New Guinea – including New Britain - in 2016 was a great success and delivered an unprecedented number of high quality birds. A total of 21 species of Birds-of-paradise (BoPs), - undoubtedly one of the most extraordinary, and “out of this world” bird families in the world, were recorded, perhaps most memorable being a superb male Blue BoP, scoped at close range near Kumul for as long as we wished and showing one of the most vivid blue colours in the animal world. Just as impressive though were spectacular performances by displaying Raggiana and Greater BoPs in excellent light, with up to 8 males lekking at a time, a stunning male King BoP and two displaying males Twelve-wired BoPs at the Elevala River, a cracking adult male Magnificent BoP in the scope for hours at Tabubil, several amazing King-of-Saxony BoPs, waving their incredible head plumes like some strange insect antennae in the mossy forest of Tari Valley, great sightings of both Princess Stephanie´s and Ribbon-tailed Astrapias with their ridiculously long tail feathers, superb scope studies of Black and Brown Sicklebills uttering their machine-gun like calls, and so on. While Birds-of-paradise are certainly the signature family in PNG, there is of course 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: Papua New Guinea II www.birdquest-tours.com plenty more besides, for example we recorded a grand total of 33 species of pigeons and doves, -they reach their greatest diversity here in New Guinea, as do kingfishers-, including nine Fruit Doves, a rare New Guinea Bronzewing feeding on the road, and, during the extension, both Black Imperial Pigeon and Pied Cuckoo-Dove. -
Ultimate Papua New Guinea Ii
The fantastic Forest Bittern showed memorably well at Varirata during this tour! (JM) ULTIMATE PAPUA NEW GUINEA II 25 AUGUST – 11 / 15 SEPTEMBER 2019 LEADER: JULIEN MAZENAUER Our second Ultimate Papua New Guinea tour in 2019, including New Britain, was an immense success and provided us with fantastic sightings throughout. A total of 19 Birds-of-paradise (BoPs), one of the most striking and extraordinairy bird families in the world, were seen. The most amazing one must have been the male Blue BoP, admired through the scope near Kumul lodge. A few females were seen previously at Rondon Ridge, but this male was just too much. Several males King-of-Saxony BoP – seen displaying – ranked high in our most memorable moments of the tour, especially walk-away views of a male obtained at Rondon Ridge. Along the Ketu River, we were able to observe the full display and mating of another cosmis species, Twelve-wired BoP. Despite the closing of Ambua, we obtained good views of a calling male Black Sicklebill, sighted along a new road close to Tabubil. Brown Sicklebill males were seen even better and for as long as we wanted, uttering their machine-gun like calls through the forest. The adult male Stephanie’s Astrapia at Rondon Ridge will never be forgotten, showing his incredible glossy green head colours. At Kumul, Ribbon-tailed Astrapia, one of the most striking BoP, amazed us down to a few meters thanks to a feeder especially created for birdwatchers. Additionally, great views of the small and incredible King BoP delighted us near Kiunga, as well as males Magnificent BoPs below Kumul. -
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FRONTISPIECE. Adult and immature males of the Satin Berrypecker Melanocharis citreola sp. nov. from the Kumawa Mountains, New Guinea. Original artwork by Norman Arlott. Ibis (2021) doi: 10.1111/ibi.12981 A new, undescribed species of Melanocharis berrypecker from western New Guinea and the evolutionary history of the family Melanocharitidae BORJA MILA, *1 JADE BRUXAUX,2,3 GUILLERMO FRIIS,1 KATERINA SAM,4,5 HIDAYAT ASHARI6 & CHRISTOPHE THEBAUD 2 1National Museum of Natural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain 2Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite Biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS-IRD, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France 3Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, UPSC, Umea University, Umea, Sweden 4Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 5Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 6Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Indonesia Western New Guinea remains one of the last biologically underexplored regions of the world, and much remains to be learned regarding the diversity and evolutionary history of its fauna and flora. During a recent ornithological expedition to the Kumawa Moun- tains in West Papua, we encountered an undescribed species of Melanocharis berrypecker (Melanocharitidae) in cloud forest at an elevation of 1200 m asl. Its main characteristics are iridescent blue-black upperparts, satin-white underparts washed lemon yellow, and white outer edges to the external rectrices. Initially thought to represent a close relative of the Mid-mountain Berrypecker Melanocharis longicauda based on elevation and plu- mage colour traits, a complete phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on full mitogen- omes and genome-wide nuclear data revealed that the new species, which we name Satin Berrypecker Melanocharis citreola sp. -
Papua New Guinea II Trip Report
Papua New Guinea II Trip Report nd th 22 July to 8 August 2012 Southern Crowned Pigeon by Simon Woolley Tour Leaders: Erik Forsyth & Rich Lindie RBT Trip Report – Papua New Guinea II 2012 2 Tour Summary We started off our Papua New Guinea tour with a visit to the Pacific Adventist University near Port Moresby. Birding the various dams and ponds we enjoyed superb sightings of Green Pygmy Goose, Wandering and Plumed Whistling Ducks, Pied Heron, Dusky Moorhen and numerous Comb- crested Jacanas. After a bit of a search, four of the scarce Spotted Whistling Duck were found roosting in trees in a more secluded area. A casual stroll around the manicured gardens saw us enjoying Orange- fronted Fruit Dove, Fawn-breasted Bowerbird, Rufous-banded Honeyeater, the localized Black-backed Butcherbird and Australasian Figbird, while a pair of massive Papuan Frogmouth was scoped at their day roost much to everyone’s delight. A great start to this 2012 tour! From our base we journeyed into the mid- elevation forests of Varirata National Park in the Stanley Owen Range of Mountains (950m) near Port Moresby. Our time spent in this species rich reserve was most enjoyable. Traversing the network of trails and forest edge we were delighted with sightings of Barred Owlet- nightjar peering out of its roosting hole, the beautiful Brown-headed Paradise Kingfisher (a Papua New Guinea endemic), huge Blue-winged and Rufous-bellied Kookaburras, Forest and Yellow-billed Kingfishers, White-throated and Streak-headed Honeyeaters, Papuan Black Myzomela, Black Berrypecker, Black Cicadabird and Hooded Pitohui. We had good looks at the splendid Australasian Figbird by John Caddick Raggiana Bird-of-paradise – several males were heard and seen in the surrounding trees, although rather shy at times.