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Life in Old Loweswater
LIFE IN OLD LOWESWATER Cover illustration: The old Post Office at Loweswater [Gillerthwaite] by A. Heaton Cooper (1864-1929) Life in Old Loweswater Historical Sketches of a Cumberland Village by Roz Southey Edited and illustrated by Derek Denman Lorton & Derwent Fells Local History Society First published in 2008 Copyright © 2008, Roz Southey and Derek Denman Re-published with minor changes by www.derwentfells.com in this open- access e-book version in 2019, under a Creative Commons licence. This book may be downloaded and shared with others for non-commercial uses provided that the author is credited and the work is not changed. No commercial re-use. Citation: Southey, Roz, Life in old Loweswater: historical sketches of a Cumberland village, www.derwentfells.com, 2019 ISBN-13: 978-0-9548487-1-2 ISBN-10: 0-9548487-1-3 Published and Distributed by L&DFLHS www.derwentfells.com Designed by Derek Denman Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd LIFE IN OLD LOWESWATER Historical Sketches of a Cumberland Village Contents Page List of Illustrations vii Preface by Roz Southey ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Village life 3 A sequestered land – Taking account of Loweswater – Food, glorious food – An amazing flow of water – Unnatural causes – The apprentice. Chapter 2: Making a living 23 Seeing the wood and the trees – The rewards of industry – Iron in them thare hills - On the hook. Chapter 3: Community and culture 37 No paint or sham – Making way – Exam time – School reports – Supply and demand – Pastime with good company – On the fiddle. Chapter 4: Loweswater families 61 Questions and answers – Love and marriage – Family matters - The missing link – People and places. -
Penny 1 - 64 5 Penny 65 - 166 15 Threepence 167 - 221 32 4 1914 Halfpenny (Obv 1/Rev A)
LOT 8 LOT 15 LOT 100 LOT 180 Stunning! That was my first impression of this fantastic collection. So many superb grade coins, superb strikes, wonderful old tone, beautiful eye appeal, in a word - sexy… the list of superlatives goes on. Handling a Complete Collection such as the Benchmark Collection is a once in a lifetime opportunity, and we are proud to present this magnificent collection, in conjunction with Strand Coins (who have compiled it over many years with the current owner). We have included many notes and comments by Mark Duff of Strand Coins due to his intimate knowledge of every coin and it’s provenance, as well as a comprehensive, never before released illustrated “Key” to each and every coin Obverse and Reverse die type. As such, the catalogue, the information and images it contains will truly become a Benchmark in their own right. The quality of the George V coins right across the board is simply unbeatable, the Florins contain so many breathtaking coins, the Silver issues are all struck up, the Copper has many amazing coins, and most of the “Varieties” are amongst the finest, if not the finest known. The grading by NGC is very even across every lot, and if anything, is sometimes conservative given the genuine superb quality of the collection. We are proud to offer this complete “Benchmark” collection, the likes of which may not be seen on the market ever again. Viewing In Sydney: Monday 5th to Saturday 10th January 2015, Strand Coins, Ground Floor Shop 1c Strand Arcade, 412-414 George St, Sydney NSW 2000 10am to 5pm. -
A Penny All the Way
SECOND BRITISH g q [\ ] £ Ţ EDITION. A PENNY ALL THE WAY THE STORY OF PENNY POSTAGE BY FRED. J. MELVILLE PRESIDENT OF THE JUNIOR PHILATELIC SOCIETY LONDON : 4 7, S trand. W. C f— 7 l£t * S 'J Photo] [ Passano. THE RIGHT HON. SYDNEY BUXTON M.P. A P e n n y a l l t h e W a y . INTRODUCTORY. n preparing this short story of penny postage at a time when popular interest in the subject is aroused by the inauguration of penny postage between Great Britain and the United States, the writer has given his chief attention to the more obscure phases of the develop ment of the idea of penny postage. Rowland Hill and his great struggle to impress both the Post Office and the Treasury officials with the main arguments in favour of Uniform Penny Postage are matters which are dealt with in our histories. But of his namesake, John Hill, who tried hard to induce the Council of State to look favourably upon a similar plan nearly two hundred years earlier, nothing is known. The name of William Dockwra is known only to students of postal history and to philatelists. Yet he established and conducted what was in many senses a better system of local postage in London in 1680, at the rate of one penny per letter, than was in existence in 1840. After Rowland Hill came one Elihu Burritt, “ the learned blacksmith,” whose memory is cherished in the United States, and who, long before his own country had adopted Uniform Penny Postage, urged Great Britain to give the world what he termed “ Ocean Penny Postage,” which was different to, yet anticipatory of, Imperial Penny Postage and Universal Penny Postage, which became the questions of later years. -
Monthly Prices of Grains in Gdańsk in the 18 Century Mikołaj Malinowski
Historical Prices and Wages at www.iisg.nl/hpw/ Monthly Prices of Grains in Gdańsk in the 18th Century Mikołaj Malinowski [email protected] Basic Information The file contains monthly information on the lowest and the highest prices of the four grains – wheat, rye, barley and oats – in Gdańsk between 1703 and 1793. The information was obtained from Tadeusz Furtak’s Ceny w Gdańsku w latach 1701-1815, published in Lwów in 1938. The importance of this file, in comparison with the already available annual data for this period, is the fact that it shows monthly observations. In addition, most of the observations present both the minimum and the maximum price for a commodity at a given point in time. Those two features of the new dataset are crucial for any future quantitative research, as it not only provides 12 times more information, but also allows for study of seasonality and short-term price fluctuations. In his seminal work, Tadeusz Furtak gathered prices of a vast amount of commodities traded in Gdańsk. In his research in The National Archive of Gdańsk and the Gdańsk city library he found appropriate material in various sources, such as: bills of the city council; bills of hospitals and prisons; journals like “Exchange Warsaw Journal” (Dziennik Handlowy Warszawski) and “Thornishe Nachrichten”. The bills were however the main source for his work, which poses several problems. According to Furtak himself, the material he used was disorganized; prices were often indicated in different currencies; they represented not only different values of different volumes of the same good, but even different kinds of the same commodity. -
First Session, Commencing at 9.30 Am MISCELLANEOUS AUSTRALIAN
11 First Session, Commencing at 9.30 am Edward VII - Elizabeth II, penny, 1925; threepence, 1910; shilling, 1915H; florins, 1927 Canberra, 1943S, 1951 Jubilee (3), 1953, 1954 Royal Visit, 1957, 1961. Good - uncirculated. (13) $150 12 MISCELLANEOUS AUSTRALIAN COINS George V - Elizabeth II, fl orins, 1918M impressed on obverse 'Sir Charles Hotham' (VG reverse damaged), 1927 Canberra, 1943S, 1954 Royal Visit; shillings, 1943 (VF), 1961-1963; sixpence, 1954; threepences, 1910, 1921M (VF), 1962-1964. 1 In three brand new Supreme albums, uncirculated unless George V, shilling, 1917M; halfpenny, 1930. Attractively otherwise indicated. (14) toned extremely fi ne/good very fi ne; cleaned very fi ne. (2) $250 $50 13 2 George V - Elizabeth II, fl orins, 1927 Canberra (2); sixpence, George V, threepence, 1936; fl orin, 1936. Extremely fi ne; 1922; threepences, 1923 (2); also varieties, fl orins, 1946 mottled toning on obverse, nearly extremely fi ne. (2) large 6 and die cracks, 1951 Jubilee fl orin with die cracks; $70 sixpences, 1928 upright 8, 1934 (3, two with wide date, 3 one with tilted 4); threepences, 1924 dot under emu's tail, George VI, threepence - fl orin, set of four, 1938. The shilling 1934/3 overdate, 1934 arrow close to 4. Very good - very nearly uncirculated, the rest uncirculated, all with mint fi ne. (14) bloom. (4) $100 $200 14 4 Australian medalets, and world issues, also a few tinnies, George V - George VI, penny, 1946; halfpennies, 1914, noted an Irish love token of a gilt Queen Victoria farthing 1930, 1942. The fi rst cleaned now retoning, otherwise very with a green enamel shamrock inset on each side, also silver good - very fi ne. -
The Ship Halfpenny (1937 – 1970)
THE SHIP HALFPENNY (1937 – 1970) This Brushwood Coin Note is the first in the series and explores one of our favourite coins - the ‘ship’ halfpenny - the reverse was inspired by Sir Francis Drake’s “Golden Hind.” The design was created by Mr T H Paget OBE in 1937, and you will find his initials (HP) in the field below the stern on each coin. The ship halfpenny design was issued into circulation between the years of 1937 and 1967, eventually being demonetised on 31 July 1969. However, a final ship halfpenny was minted retrospectively for 1970, but only issued in proof sets of that year. In 1971 the much smaller and less popular “new half pence” was then introduced as part of the new decimal coinage. The original coin was not often called a 'half penny', neither was the plural said as 'half pence'. The usual pronunciation sounded like 'hayp-knee' referring to a single coin or 'hay- punce' in the plural, as for example in 'three halfpence'. Manufactured in bronze, with a diameter of 25.4 mm (one inch) and a weight of about 5.7g, there were 480 halfpennies in a pound (£1). Before the reign of Edward I the halfpenny had been generally obtained by cutting pennies in half and was at that time, like the penny, originally minted in silver. Copper half pennies made their first appearance in 1672, and in turn were replaced in 1860 by the bronze version, of which the ship halfpenny is the final example of pre-decimal coinage. KING EDWARD VIII On the accession of Edward VIII the new reverse design of the bronze halfpenny was first produced showing the Golden Hind, the ship used by Sir Francis Drake the noted Elizabethan sailor. -
XXXVI. Remarks on the Firft Noble, Coined 18 Ed- Ward III, A.D
C 316 ] XXXVI. Remarks on the firft Noble, coined 18 Ed- ward III, A.D. 1334; wherein a new and more rational Interpretation is given of the Legend on the Reverfe. By the Rev. Mr. Pegge* Read at the SOCIETY of ANTIQUARIES, 27 May, 1773V ING. Edward III. may properly be efteemed the father of the gold fpecie- of England, notwithftanding fome fin- gular appearances which precede his time; fince gold has in a: manner continued to be minted without interruption ever iince his reign. IN the 18th year of this king's reign, (27 January, 1344,)' florins of fix fhillings value were coined, with half-florins and* quarter-florins. The firffc were imprefled with two leopards; the fecond* with one; and the third, with an helmet, infigned or furmounted with a lion [#J. None of thefe pieces, how- ever, except the quarter-florin, the property of the late Brian Fairfax, efq; [£], have ever been feen by our Antiquaries; but; of this we have a type both in Mr. Folkes's [c] and Mr. Snell-r ing's plates [d]; and a verbal defcription of. it both'by Mr, Snelling; and Mr. Wife [e]. [] Wife's Num.Bodh CataF:.p. 233. [b~\ Snelling's View of the gold coin of England, p. 2 PI. I. N° 1. [<TJ PJ. I. [i\ Loc. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 03 Oct 2018 at 12:01:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261340900016234 Mr. -
Gold, Silver and the Double-Florin
GOLD, SILVER AND THE DOUBLE-FLORIN G.P. DYER 'THERE can be no more perplexing coin than the 4s. piece . .'. It is difficult, perhaps, not to feel sympathy for the disgruntled Member of Parliament who in July 1891 expressed his unhappiness with the double-florin.1 Not only had it been an unprecedented addition to the range of silver currency when it made its appearance among the Jubilee coins in the summer of 1887, but its introduction had also coincided with the revival after an interval of some forty years of the historic crown piece. With the two coins being inconveniently close in size, weight and value (Figure 1), confusion and collision were inevitable and cries of disbelief greeted the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Goschen, when he claimed in the House of Commons that 'there can hardly be said to be any similarity between the double florin and the crown'.2 Complaints were widespread and minting of the double-florin ceased in August 1890 after scarcely more than three years. Its fate was effectively sealed shortly afterwards when an official committee on the design of coins, appointed by Goschen, agreed at its first meeting in February 1891 that it was undesirable to retain in circulation two large coins so nearly similar in size and value and decided unanimously to recommend the withdrawal of the double- florin.3 Its demise passed without regret, The Daily Telegraph recalling a year or two later that it had been universally disliked, blessing neither him who gave nor him who took.4 As for the Fig. -
Good Grade. 6. 1916 Shilling
1. 1696 crown. 45. Qty. pennies etc. 3.3 kg. 2. 2 x 1937 crown. 46. Boxed set of 4 crowns. 3. 1836 ½ crown. 47. 1914 half crown – better grade. 4. 2 x 1935 crowns. 48. 1889 crown. 5. 1918 Rupee – good grade. 49. 1889 crown. 6. 1916 shilling – good grade. 50. USA 1922 Dollar. 7. 1927 wreath crown. 51. Enamel George 111 crown. 8. USA silver dollar 1922. 52. 1922 Australia florins. 9. Silver Death of Victoria medallion. 53. 1939 penny – good grade and ½ 10. 1806 penny – good grade. penny. 11. 2 x 1951 crown and 1953 crown. 54. Proof silver £1 coins. 12. 3 x 1951 crowns. 55. 1998 proof set piedfort £1 coin. 13. 1895 crown. 56. 1993 proof set piedfort £1 coin. 14. 1943 ½ Dollar. 57. 2001 proof set piedfort £1 coin. 15. 3 piece enamel type coin jewellery. 58. 1992 proof silver piedfort 50p. 16. Box medallion. 59. Good grade 1891 USA dime. 17. Cigarette cards. 60. Good grade 1836 Groat. 18. Bank notes etc. 61. Boxed set of 3 D.Day crowns. 19. Tin of coins. 62. 2 proof silver 10p. 1992. 20. Purse of coins. 63. Proof 2001 £5 coin. 21. 1857 USA 1 cent. 64. 1988 proof set UK. 22. Cheltenham penny token 1812. 65. 1989 proof set UK. 23. 3 tokens. 66. 1953 proof set. 24. 18th century Irish ½ pennies. 67. 1935 and 1937 crown. 25. 1813 IOM penny. 68. 2 x 1935 crown. 26. 3 Victorian ½ farthings. 69. 1889 crown. 27. Victoria farthings 1839 onwards. 70. 1889 crown. 28. Canada 25d. -
British Coins
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ BRITISH COINS 567 Eadgar (959-975), cut Halfpenny, from small cross Penny of moneyer Heriger, 0.68g (S 1129), slight crack, toned, very fine; Aethelred II (978-1016), Penny, last small cross type, Bath mint, Aegelric, 1.15g (N 777; S 1154), large fragment missing at mint reading, good fine. (2) £200-300 with old collector’s tickets of pre-war vintage 568 Aethelred II (978-1016), Pennies (2), Bath mint, long -
PDF Catalogue
LOT 312 LOT 429 LOT 430 LOT 439 PART Welcome to our first Live Auction for 2015! This Auction has a simply amazing selection of many really interesting and high quality items, and is also very special, as it marks our 30th Anniversary as IAG, and 30 years of Auctions from 1985 to date. While we record this sale as Sale number 82, before our “numbered” sales we ran monthly Numismatic Auctions for 10 years, along with Jewellery, Antiques, Collectables and Artwork sales, so our real number of Numismatic auctions would be in the hundreds, and double that for total Auctions! Over the years we have handled some amazing items, and still hold a number of record prices for sales (including the highest price ever achieved for any Australian Numismatic Item), and I think this Auction would sit proudly amongst anything we have ever done. We here at IAG are all looking forward to another 30 years! Please Note: We have moved all our main Auctions to a Saturday, as we feel this best fits in with our clients needs. Major Auctions will be held on a Saturday, whilst smaller, more frequent Online Auctions will be held on a Monday or Tuesday night. We are continuing to expand and improve our Online bidding experience. As the first major Auction house to hold Online sales, our success has seen them go from strength to strength. We are continuing to evolve our processes to make them even better, and more frequent, and appreciate any feedback in this process you might have. We also do NOT charge any extra fees to live bid Online as others now are. -
Fifteenth Session, Commencing at 7.30 Pm AUSTRALIAN BANKNOTES
4534* Fifteenth Session, Commencing at 7.30 pm The Bank of Adelaide, one pound, Adelaide, 1st June 1893, 894370 two ink signatures (MVR.3). Punch hole 'cancelled' twice, multiple folds and creases, otherwise fi ne and rare. $4,500 Ex Barrie Newmann Collection, presented to him by the Bank of Adelaide AUSTRALIAN BANKNOTES in 1977 after 25 years of service. The Bank closed in 1979. PRIVATE BANK ISSUES 4535* Bank of Australasia, printer's proof for one pound (circa 1838) Launceston 18- No- (MVR type 1?), not numbered, unsigned, on paper, no watermark, imprint Ashby & Co. London, vignette of Royal Arms in centre all within a rectangular border, with Launceston on three sides, two colour printed, blue denomination on black main print. '204 Cls' in pencil on back of note. Right side margin with 6mm tear, otherwise good very fi ne and extremely rare. $12,500 4533* Prommissory note, John Hutchinson two shillings and sixpence No 79 Sydney, May 8 1813, copper coin crossed out, currency written in; Bill of exchange, third of exchange, No 55 Hobart Town Van Diemens Land 'August 14 1830 for £30-0-0 to John Dunn. A unique combination of a Sydney note and a Tasmanian note paid by the same man, 1813 and 1830, very fi ne and historically important. (2) $20,000 Signature on the fi rst is J. Hutchison and on the second John Hutchinson. The fi rst ex W.G. & L.M. Wright Collection (lot 1899). 4536* Bank of Australasia, fi ve pounds, Hobart Town, 15th May 1866 (cf.MVR type 2(a)).