Ts 103 636-1 V1.1.1 (2020-07)

ETSI TS 103 636-1 V1.1.1 (2020-07)

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 1: Overview; Release 1

2 ETSI TS 103 636-1 V1.1.1 (2020-07)

Reference DTS/DECT-00349

Keywords 5G, DECT, DECT-2020, IMT-2020, NR, OFDM, Radio

ETSI

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Contents

Intellectual Property Rights ...... 4 Foreword ...... 4 Modal verbs terminology ...... 4 1 Scope ...... 5 2 References ...... 5 2.1 Normative references ...... 5 2.2 Informative references ...... 5 3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations ...... 5 3.1 Terms ...... 5 3.2 Symbols ...... 6 3.3 Abbreviations ...... 6 4 General ...... 7 4.1 Introduction ...... 7 4.2 Overview of the parts of DECT-2020 Technical Specifications ...... 8 5 System and Network Architectures ...... 8 5.1 Wireless Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint Links...... 8 5.2 Local Area Wireless Access Networks in Cellular Network Topology ...... 9 5.3 Mesh network topology ...... 9 5.3.1 Introduction...... 9 5.3.2 Mesh system operation ...... 10 5.3.3 Mesh Routing...... 11 5.4 Interworking ...... 11 6 Overview on Radio technology ...... 13 6.1 Radio interface protocol architecture ...... 13 6.2 Physical Layer ...... 13 6.2.1 Physical Layer functions and capabilities ...... 13 6.2.2 Radio characteristics ...... 14 6.3 Medium Access Control Layer ...... 14 6.3.1 Introduction...... 14 6.3.2 MAC Structure ...... 14 6.3.3 Identities ...... 16 6.3.4 Services ...... 16 6.3.5 Functions ...... 17 6.3.6 Channel Structure ...... 17 History ...... 19

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Intellectual Property Rights

Essential patents

IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).

Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.

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Foreword

This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) .

The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the overall description of DECT-2020 NR standards, as identified below:

Part 1: "Overview";

Part 2: "Radio reception and transmission requirements";

Part 3: "Physical layer";

Part 4: "MAC layer".

The present document introduces the system overview covering massive Machine Type of Communication (mMTC) and Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) features.

Modal verbs terminology

In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).

"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

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1 Scope

The present document provides an overview on DECT-2020 NR including layers, system and network architectures envisioned for this release. Further it provides an overview to the other technical parts of ETSI TS 103 636 and their interrelation.

2 References

2.1 Normative references

References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.

NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity.

The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.

[1] ETSI TS 103 636-2: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 2: Radio reception and transmission requirements; Release 1".

[2] ETSI TS 103 636-3: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 3: Physical layer; Release 1".

[3] ETSI TS 103 636-4: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 4: MAC layer; Release 1".

2.2 Informative references

NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity.

The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area.

[i.1] 3GPP TS 23.501: "System architecture for the 5G System (5GS), Release 16".

3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations

3.1 Terms

For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:

Fixed Termination point (FT): operational mode of RD where RD initiates coordinates local radio resources, provides information how other RDs may connect and communicate with it operating channel: single continuous part of radio spectrum with a defined bandwidth where RDs transmits and/or receives

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Portable Termination point (PT): operational mode of RD where RD selects another RD, which is in FT mode, for association radio device: device with radio transmission and reception capability, which can operate in FT and/or PT mode resource: variable length time unit defined in subslot(s) or slot(s) in single operating channel that RD is using for transmission or reception of physical layer packet

NOTE: Resource can be contentious or contention free, i.e. scheduled.

3.2 Symbols

Void.

3.3 Abbreviations

For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:

ARQ Automatic Repeat Request BCC Broadcast Control BCCH Broadcast Common Control Channel BLER Block Error Ratio BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BSC Beacon Scanning Control CCC Connection Configuration Control CCCH Common Control CHannel CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check DCCH Dedicated Control CHannel DCH Dedicated CHannel DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications DL Downlink DTCH Dedicated Traffic CHannel FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FEC Forward Error Correction FFT Fast Fourier Transform FP Fixed Part FT Fixed Termination point GI Guard Interval HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ID IDentity IMT International Mobile Telecommunications IoT Internet of Things ITU-R International Telecommunication Union, Radiocommunication Sector LRC Local Radio Control LSB Least Significant Bit MAC Medium Access Control MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output mMTC massive Machine Technology Communication MSB Most Significant Bit MTCH Multicast (Broadcast) Traffic Channel N3IWF Non-3GPP Inter-Working-Function (N3IWF) NR New Radio OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing PCC Physical Control Channel PCCH Paging Common Channel PCH/BCH Paging and Broadcast channel PDC Physical Data Channel PDU Protocol Data Unit PHY Physical Layer

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PLMN Public Land Mobile Network PT Portable Termination point PTC Paging Transmission Control QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying RAC Random Access Control RACH Random Access CHannel RD Radio Device RF Radio Frequency RIT Radio Interface Technology RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator RX Receiver RX-TX Receive-Transmit TDD Time Division Duplex TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TNGF Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function TX Transmitter UE User Equipment UL Uplink ULE Ultra Low Energy URLLC Ultra-Reliable Low Latency WAN Wide Area Networks

4 General

4.1 Introduction

DECT-2020 NR is a Radio Interface Technology (RIT) designed to provide a slim but powerful technology foundation for wireless applications deployed in various use cases and markets.

This radio technology includes, but is not limited to Cordless Telephony, Audio Streaming Applications, Professional Audio Applications, consumer and industrial applications of Internet of Things (IoT) such as industry and building automation and monitoring, and in general solutions for local area deployments for Ultra-Reliable Low Latency (URLLC) and massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) as envisioned by ITU-R for IMT-2020.

In general, DECT-2020 NR as a technology foundation is targeted for local area wireless applications, which can be deployed anywhere by anyone at any time. The technology supports autonomous and automatic operation with minimal maintenance effort. Where applicable, interworking functions to Wide Area Networks (WAN). e.g. PLMN, satellite, fibre, and internet protocols foster the vision of a network of networks.

DECT-2020 NR can be used as a foundation for:

• Very reliable Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Links provisioning (e.g. cable replacement solutions);

• Local Area Wireless Access Networks following a star topology as in classical DECT deployment supporting URLLC use cases; and

• Self-Organizing Local Area Wireless Access Networks following a mesh network topology, which enables to support mMTC use cases.

DECT-2020 NR applies similar design principles as in legacy DECT and DECT ULE. Especially the inherent feature of automatic interference management allows deployments without extensive frequency planning. The Mesh networking capability of DECT-2020 NR enables application-driven network topologies and deployments in e.g. IoT and mMTC use scenarios such that the link budget of classical cellular base-station to user equipment constellations is no longer a limiting factor.

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The DECT-2020 NR physical layer is in principle is suited to addressing frequency bands below 6 GHz. The physical layer employs Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) combined with Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) in a Time Division Duplex (TDD) communication manner. The physical layer employs multiple numerologies, with different subcarrier spacings and corresponding Cyclic Prefix lengths and FFT sizes, allowing operation with different channel bandwidths, and optimize operations in different frequency bands and propagation environments. The physical layer supports advanced channel coding (Turbo coding) for both control and physical channels and Hybrid ARQ with incremental redundancy, which enables fast re-transmission. Advanced channel coding together with Hybrid ARQ ensures very reliable communication.

Additionally, the physical layer supports, fast link adaptation, transmit and receiver diversity, as well as MIMO operations up to 8 streams.

DECT-2020 NR (i.e. PHY layer numerology and MAC algorithms) is designed to enable coexistence with legacy DECT and DECT evolution in current frequency bands allocated to DECT.

4.2 Overview of the parts of DECT-2020 Technical Specifications

Release 1 of the DECT-2020 NR technical specifications defines the Radio Interface Technology (RIT) by the following parts:

• ETSI TS 103 636-1: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 1: Overview".

• ETSI TS 103 636-2: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 2: Radio Reception and Transmission requirements" [1].

• ETSI TS 103 636-3: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 3: Physical layer" [2].

• ETSI TS 103 636-4: "DECT-2020 New Radio (NR); Part 4: Medium Access Control layer" [3].

ETSI TS 103 636 series will be accompanied by a feature and/or application-driven technical specification set, which is organized as a multi-part document, delivering profiles and application specific solutions for various industries.

ETSI TS 103 636-1 is the present document.

ETSI TS 103 636-2 [1] establishes the minimum RF requirements for DECT-2020 New Radio (NR) Radio Devices (RD). These requirements cover both Fixed Termination point (FT) as well as Portable Termination point (PT). This document also provides a list of supported frequency bands.

ETSI TS 103 636-3 [2] specifies the physical layer (PHY) and interaction between PHY and MAC layer.

ETSI TS 103 636-4 [3] specifies MAC layer and interaction between MAC layer and physical layer and higher layers.

5 System and Network Architectures

5.1 Wireless Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint Links

Wireless Point-to-Point links involve two radio devices communicating with each other. A typical application is the cable replacement by a wireless link established between two radio devices requiring communicating with each other.

Compared to wireline systems, wireless comes with the benefit that point to multipoint communication is an inherent feature of radio propagation, so that the support of broadcast and multicast messages from one point to multiple points is just a matter of protocol.

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5.2 Local Area Wireless Access Networks in Cellular Network Topology

A single-cell network topology involves in principle two types of radio devices: base stations, which is a component of the fixed network infrastructure and serving a communication cell by being the central communication point (FT role), and user equipment (PT role), which can be a portable device and is communicating with the base station of the cell it is part of.

A multi-cell topology is a deployment of multiple base stations (FT role) in a fixed network infrastructure, where each base station is serving its own dedicated cell area and user equipment (PT role) can move from one cell area to the other.

The involved handover procedures may be intra-cell or inter cell.

Intra-cell handover may be controlled by either the radio devices acting as FT or PT and triggered when the quality on allocated resources becomes poor and other free resources exist. Detection of free resources is based on a spectrum sensing and beacon measurements and takes into account the activity of other uncoordinated systems. Seamless handover is supported. The radio device sends a handover-request (part of association request process) to the detected FT on the selected random-access channel indicated by FT beacon. If the FT accepts the request, it indicates the position of the new resources and the connection is established, and data delivery can be switched over. After that the old resources will be released.

Inter-cell handover is generally controlled by the PT and triggered when quality on allocated resources becomes poor and/or another suitable FT is detected. Seamless handover with 0 ms interruption time is supported. The PT sends a handover-request as indicated in intra-cell case to the new FT on the selected random access channel. If the FT accepts the request, then it indicates the position of the new traffic channel and the data will be switched over. After that the old resource will be released.

Inter-System handover is performed in the same way as inter-cell handover. Seamless handover with 0 ms interruption time is supported. Both systems should be interconnected by the proper network infrastructure.

5.3 Mesh network topology

5.3.1 Introduction

In DECT-2020 mesh network devices can communicate directly to each other extending the range of network and increasing the reliability of communication. The role of the involved radio devices may change autonomously depending the context of the communication. Each radio device can act as a node transmitting a message, as a node forwarding any message from another radio device or as a node being the destination of a message. Each radio device can communicate directly (device to device) or, if not in range, indirectly - via other radio devices establishing a communication route - with each other which minimizes the probability of outage.

Mesh topology can support high device densities and the autonomous routing provides the ability to adapt dynamically mobile users and interference.

Mesh operation supports autonomous routing. In order to achieve efficient mMTC operation the mesh system is scalable to a very high number of devices in a network, the routing is based on cost value, without the need to maintain routing tables in each device.

The key requirements of how the scalability can be achieved are:

• All radio devices can route data.

• Radio devices take local decisions of the radio recourses, e.g. how radio devices use Hybrid ARQ, selects modulation and coding and so forth in each radio link (hops).

• Radio devices may change their role between routing and non-routing ones autonomously based on local decisions.

• No central coordinator(s), enabling the massive scale of the network.

• Support of multiple backend connected Radio devices which are operating in routing mode.

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• RDs can operate with multiple radio channels.

5.3.2 Mesh system operation

The mesh system operation is based on a clustered tree topology where each RD decides the next hop individually based available routes towards the RD providing the connection to the external internet (FT role). Each radio device has knowledge of the next uplink and downlink hop in the clustered tree and each cluster in the network controls radio resources and transmissions independently.

The formation of clustered tree topology has following steps:

• An RD which has internet connectivity (permanent FT mode device i.e. Sink) selects operating frequency (or frequencies) and initiates a beacon transmission indicating that it has a route to the external world. This enables other RDs to detect it and associate with it. Beacons indicate all necessary parameters how to perform association, such as frame timing and how radio resources are used and the set of routing parameters. This association does not differentiate from the association process in clause 6.2 cellular topology.

• RD detecting a beacon from another RD evaluates the connection based on the information included in the received beacon. Based on the information and signal quality the RD does an independent association decision to which RD in FT mode to associate. RD monitors its neighbourhood and may autonomously initiate an association process towards another RD based on routing cost.

• Process continues to next hops and so on and it is illustrated in Figure 5.3.2-1.

Cluster 1: At channel x Cluster 1: At channel x

RD RD

Cluster 2: Cluster 3: RD At channel y RD FT FT At channel z RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD

a) Formation of first hop b) Formation of second hop Figure 5.3.2-1: Formation of the clustered tree mesh network topology

Once the RD has connectivity to the next hop, it can start sending data towards the FT. It can simply use a specific address value to indicate that the data is addressed to a backend. A backend system or other RDs can send DL data to the associated RD.

The basic beaconing and association procedures between RDs in mesh topology and in star topology are expected to be same/similar. For battery powered RDs which are capable for routing data, the beacon transmission interval will be longer.

Beaconing intervals extend to several seconds depending to the actual use case enabling low power RDs and routing RDs operations. On the other hand, when RD is mains powered, the beaconing period could be more frequent.

The system operation with multiple FTs (sinks) is illustrates in Figure 5.3.2-2. The process of forming clusters is identical and a RD may choose to change its association to the next hop RD regardless if the next hop RD will provide connectivity to a different FT having the backend connection.

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Cluster 1: At channel x

Cluster 2: Cluster 3: At channel y RD FT At channel z RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD RD

Cluster 6: Cluster 4: At channel y At channel

Cluster 5: At channel x Figure 5.3.2-2: Example formation of the clusters in multiple FT scenario

5.3.3 Mesh Routing

RD associates to the next hop RD based on received beacons quality attributes such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurement from a beacon signal which assist it to determine the pathloss. If both DL pathloss and UL pathloss are such that connection can be established, the RD transmitting this beacon is considered as potential next hop. If RD detects multiple beacons from multiple RDs that meet the criteria of reliable connection, the RD considers the route cost. The route cost expresses the cost of the route to deliver data to the sink, i.e. to the FT that has a backend connection to the internet. RD may select the RD for association which indicates the smallest cost.

How the RD calculates the value for the route cost is left to implementation, as detailed the calculation can be dependent on multiple factors, such as RD capabilities, data rate, interference and BLER, own load i.e. data amount to be delivered, available battery energy, etc. Route cost value will increase at least 1 in every hop. The maximum route cost value is 254. which is not seen as a limiting factor in real deployments.

Routing has also a sink address, which is the long RD ID (32 bits) of the FT having the internet connection. When a system supports multiple FTs, (the actual number of FTs can be significantly large), the RD may send short packet to the backend so that that backend can update its knowledge of where different RDs are located in the mesh network and send DL traffic only to the correct FT.

The third routing parameter, application sequence number, provides identification for network level application data that needs to be distributed in the DL direction to all members of the network. The application sequence number is used by the RD associated to the next hop to identify whether the application data has changed compared to the current application data. If the sequence number is increased the RD requests the application data from its next hop.

The actual application data is outside of the scope of DECT-2020 NR but it can contain e.g. configuration data of the RD application such as measurement quantities and corresponding reporting frequencies, etc.

5.4 Interworking

The interworking with 3GPP 5G networks is supported by DECT-2020 NR via interworking profiles.

DECT-2020 can be connected as untrusted non-3GPP access network to the 5G Core Network via a Non-3GPP Inter- Working-Function (N3IWF) or as a trusted non-3GPP access network via a Trusted Non-3GPP Gateway Function (TNGF).

Figure 5.4-1 and Figure 5.4-2 provide an overview on the network architecture restricted to the relevant entities. For details refer to 3GPP TS 23.501 [i.1].

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A DECT-2020 FT can for example act as an intelligent gateway to the 3GPP network. In the case of untrusted Non- 3GPP access the DECT-2020 FP is connected via N3IWF, while in case of trusted Non-3GPP access the DECT-2020 FT connects via TNGF.

A DECT-2020 PT if it supports both technologies can act as well as UE of the 3GPP network. Depending on capabilities of the DECT-2020 PT can be part of both networks in parallel or on demand.

DECT-2020 provides "standalone" non-3GPP accesses to the 5G Core Network, so a DECT-2020 network is operated fully independent and outside of the 3GPP NG-RAN.

Figure 5.4-1: Non-roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with untrusted non-3GPP access [i.1]

Figure 5.4-2: Non-roaming architecture for 5G Core Network with trusted non-3GPP access [i.1]

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6 Overview on Radio technology

6.1 Radio interface protocol architecture

Figure 6.1-1: Radio interface protocol architecture

Figure 6.1-1 shows the DECT-2020 radio interface protocol architecture around the physical layer (PHY). The physical layer interfaces the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. The circles between different layer/sub-layers indicate Service Access Points (SAPs). The physical layer offers Physical Control Channel (PCC) and Physical Data Channel (PDC) to transmit MAC PDU(s). Different physical channels are characterized by how the information is transferred over the radio interface within a single transmission packet.

6.2 Physical Layer

6.2.1 Physical Layer functions and capabilities

The DECT-2020 NR physical layer is in principle suitable to address frequency bands below 6 GHz. The physical layer employs Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) combined with Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) in a Time Division Duplex (TDD) communication manner.

Subcarrier spacing is defined by the subcarrier scaling factor , resulting either in 27 kHz, 54 kHz, 108 kHz or 216 kHz OFDM subcarriers spacing. In addition, the fourier transform scaling factor can be set to allow different transmission bandwidths for each configuration of the subcarrier spacing. This results in the support of nominal RF bandwidth from 1,728 MHz up to 221,184 MHz.

The physical layer can perform the following functions in order to provide the data transport service:

• Error detection on the physical channel and indication to higher layers.

• FEC encoding/decoding of the physical channel.

• Hybrid ARQ soft-combining.

• Rate matching of the coded physical channel data to physical channels.

• Mapping of the coded physical channel data onto physical channels.

• Modulation and demodulation of physical channels.

• Frequency and time synchronization.

• Radio characteristics measurements and indication to higher layers.

• Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna processing.

• Transmit Diversity (TX diversity).

• Beamforming.

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The physical channels defined are:

• the Physical Control Channel (PCC);

• the Physical Data Channel (PDC).

The modulation schemes supported are:

• BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM and 1024-QAM.

The channel coding scheme for transport blocks in all physical channels is Turbo Coding with a coding rate of R = 1/3, two 8-state constituent encoders and a turbo code internal interleaver. Trellis termination is used for the turbo coding. Before the turbo coding, transport blocks are segmented into byte aligned segments with a maximum information block size. Error detection is supported by the use of 16 or 24 bit CRC as specified for a given physical channel.

6.2.2 Radio characteristics

Radio characteristics of DECT-2020 NR combined with the physical layer supports nominal RF bandwidth from 1,728 MHz up to 221,184 MHz. The current release focuses on URLLC and mMTC use cases.

The radio channel numbering scheme enables to assign channels from 450 MHz up to 5 875 MHz organized into 17 different operating bands.

The transmitter output power can be adapted to different types of application requirements and support use cases like battery powered industrial applications, which enables the support for high equipment density use cases. The RX-TX transition time is defined to operate within the Guard Interval (GI), which enables a very competitive low latency operation with hybrid ARQ operation.

Receiver requirement defines the minimum performance for the radio device with hybrid ARQ support. The reference sensitivity levels scale depending on the operating bandwidths.

Measurement requirements are defined for channel access purposes and to support radio environment quality reporting for mobility and mesh routing purposes.

The requirements are defined keeping in mind the state of art in performance, low power consumption and competitive implementation cost.

6.3 Medium Access Control Layer

6.3.1 Introduction

The objective of this clause is to provide an overview on the MAC protocol layer architecture, the used identities, the used transport channels and the mapping of the MAC PDU into the physical layer packet.

The descriptions provided are a model of the MAC layer i.e. it does not specify or restrict implementations.

6.3.2 MAC Structure

The overall MAC structure is depicted in Figure 6.3.2-1. The MAC layer provides DTCH and MTCH logical channels for transferring higher layer data. The flow of the higher layer data and MAC internal messages to physical channels is depicted with black solid lines. The grey dashed line corresponds to MAC internal control interfaces between the MAC function and the MAC control entity.

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Upper layers DTCH MTCH

MAC Control Entity PCCH BCCH CCCH DCCH

Logical Channel Prioritization (UL&DL)

(De-) (De-) Multiplexing (De-) Multiplexing Multiplexing

MAC security

HARQ

PCH/ DCH RACH BCH Physical layer Figure 6.3.2-1: MAC structure overview

MAC Control Entity

Beacon Scanning control Local radio control (LRC): (BSC):

Random Access control Broadcast control (BCC) (RAC)

Connection configuration Paging transmission control (CCC) control (PTC)

Figure 6.3.2-2: MAC control Entity

The MAC layer of the Radio Device (RD) handles transmission and reception of the following transport channels:

• Paging and Broadcast channel (PCH/BCH);

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• Dedicated Channel (DCH);

• Random Access Channel (RACH).

The MAC control entity is depicted in Figure 6.3.2-2.

6.3.3 Identities

Network ID

The Network ID has a length of 32 bits, and first 24 MSB bits are used to identify a DECT-2020 network uniquely from other DECT-2020 networks. The 8 LSB bits of the network ID are selected locally to minimize collision with other networks.

The network ID is transmitted periodically in a beacon frame as plain text enabling other RDs to detect which network the transmitted beacon belongs to.

Long Radio Device ID (Long RD ID)

The long radio device ID has a length of 32 bits, and it identifies a radio device uniquely in a single DECT-2020 network. An RD obtains the long RD ID as part of the authentication process over the DECT-2020 system or via manual provision or by using another communication channel.

The long RD ID is used:

• in association procedure to recognize associating RDs uniquely;

• in MAC layer security procedures;

• in packet routing in mesh system operation to identify original source and final target receiver of the routed data packet.

The long RD ID is transmitted in the MAC PDU to:

• identify the receiver and the transmitter of the packet in the association procedure for exchanging short RD IDs; or

• when transmitter of the frame considers that there is potential confusion on short RD IDs.

Short Radio Device ID (Short RD ID)

The short radio device ID has length of 16 bits, and it identifies a radio device locally in DECT-2020 network.

The short RD ID is used in the transmitter or receiver fields of the PHY control field to identify transmitter and receiver of the packet.

The short RD ID is exchanged during association procedure between RDs performing association so that linkage between short RD ID and long RD ID is obtained by both associating RDs. Each radio device randomly selects short RD ID value that it uses in association.

6.3.4 Services

The MAC layer provides the following services to upper layers:

• data transfer;

• radio resource allocation.

The MAC layer expects the following services from the physical layer:

• data transfer services in physical layer packets;

• measurements.

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6.3.5 Functions

The MAC layer supports the following control functions in the MAC control entity:

• Local Radio Control (LRC): This function is overall in charge of the radio resource in the local coordination area, when RD coordinates local radio resources, i.e. operates as FT.

• Paging Transmission Control (PTC): This function controls paging message transmission when RD coordinates local radio resources, i.e. operates as FT.

• Broadcast Control (BCC): This functionality controls Beacon and other broadcast/multicast transmissions.

• Random Access Control (RAC): This functionality is in charge of random access transmissions.

• Beacon Scanning Control (BSC): This function controls scanning operations.

• Connection Configuration Control (CCC): This functionality controls multiplexing, mapping data to transport channel, MCS, HARQ configuration, MAC security and handovers with LRC.

The MAC layer supports the following transmission functions:

• paging and broadcast signalling;

• control signalling;

• radio resource management by channel selection and channel access procedures;

• logical channel prioritization;

• mapping between logical channels and transport channels;

• multiplexing of MAC SDUs from one or different logical channels onto MAC PDU to be delivered to the physical layer on transport channels;

• demultiplexing of MAC SDUs to one or different logical channels from transport blocks MAC PDU delivered from the physical layer via transport channels;

• error correction through HARQ;

• MAC layer security by providing integrity protection and ciphering.

6.3.6 Channel Structure

The MAC layer provides data transfer services on logical channels. To accommodate different kinds of data transfer services, multiple types of logical channels are defined i.e. each supporting transfer of a particular type of information.

Each logical channel type is defined by what type of information is transferred. MAC has a set of internal logical channels and logical channels to higher layers.

The MAC layer has the control and traffic channels listed in Table 6.3.6-1 below.

Table 6.3.6-1: Logical channels provided by MAC

Logical channel name Acronym Available for Control channel Traffic channel higher layers Broadcast Control Channel BCCH X Paging Control Channel PCCH X Common Control Channel CCCH X Dedicated Control Channel DCCH X Dedicated Traffic Channel DTCH X X Multicast Traffic Channel MTCH X X

The MAC sublayer uses the transport channels listed in Table 6.3.6-2 below.

ETSI 18 ETSI TS 103 636-1 V1.1.1 (2020-07)

Table 6.3.6-2: Transport channels used by MAC

Transport channel name Acronym Downlink Uplink Paging and Broadcast PCH/BCH X Channel Dedicated Channel DCH X X Random Access Channel RACH X X

Logical channels can be mapped as described in Table 6.3.6-3.

Table 6.3.6-3: Channel mapping

Transport channel PCH/BCH DCH RACH Logical channel BCCH X PCCH X CCCH X DCCH X X X DTCH X X MTCH X X

In packet transmission transport channels are mapped to Physical Data Channel (PDC) carried in the physical layer packet. Additionally, MAC provides the number of used spatial streams, and content of the Physical Layer Control Field to the physical layer. The Physical Layer Control Field is mapped to the Physical Control Channel (PCC) of the physical layer packet.

ETSI 19 ETSI TS 103 636-1 V1.1.1 (2020-07)

History

Document history V1.1.1 July 2020 Publication

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