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Growth Performance of Major Vegetable Crops in Gujarat State§

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Growth Performance of Major Vegetable Crops in Gujarat State§ Agricultural Economics Research Review Vol. 30 (No.1) January-June 2017 pp 139-149 DOI: 10.5958/0974-0279.2017.00013.1 Growth Performance of Major Vegetable Crops in Gujarat State§ Daya Suvagiya, V.C. Shilpa, Shah Parth and N.J. Ardeshna Department of Agricultural Economics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat Abstract The study has examined the growth performance of major vegetable crops in the state of Gujarat across its districts and regions. The study has revealed that the growth performance of major vegetable crops was significant in area (9.45% / annum), production (14.03% / annum) and yield (4.18 % / annum). The growth performance of vegetable crops was found to be highest in South Gujarat, followed by the North Gujarat region. The highest rate of increase in area and production of vegetables was observed in Dahod district, whereas the highest yield of vegetables was noticed in Porbandar district. The values of instability indices for area (11.52), production (8.36) and yield (10.71) were comparatively lower, indicating their stability in the state.The area and production of vegetables in the Saurashtra region were more unstable vis-a-vis other regions of the state. Key words: Compound growth rate, instability index, regional disparity, vegetables, Gujarat JEL Classification: Q10, Q16 Introduction million tonnes as compared to 257.1 million tonnes of food grain production during 2012-13. The share of India is the second largest vegetables producing vegetables production in total horticultural production country in the world, next to China. The horticulture was higher (60.3 %) vis-a-vis other horticultural crops sector accounts for about 13.08 per cent of gross (NHB, 2012-13). In 2012-13, the total horticultural cropped area (192 million hectares) in the country and production was highest in West Bengal (292 lakh contributes around 30 per cent to agricultural GDP of tonnes), followed by Andhra Pradesh (289 lakh tonnes). India. Its share is about 37 per cent of the total exports The production of vegetables was also highest in West of agricultural commodities. The area under Bengal (15.7%), followed by Uttar Pradesh (12.1%) horticultural crops which was 12.77 million hectares in the year 2012-13. The calorie intake from fruits and during 1991-1992 increased to 23.69 million hectares vegetables has increased from 6.9 per cent in 2004-05 during 2012-13 (Ardeshna et al., 2014). The total to 7.0 per cent in 2009-10 in the rural areas and from vegetables production during this period increased by 7.2 per cent to 8.0 per cent in the urban areas during nearly 2.8-times and the productivity increased 1.5- same period. times. The total horticultural production was 268.9 The state of Gujarat has a variety of soils, rainfall pattern, temperature regimes, and irrigation facilities. *Author for correspondence This diverse agro-climatic situation across the state Email: [email protected] § This paper is a part of study entitled “Growth Performance holds potential for development of the horticulture of Major Horticultural Crops in Gujarat State” conducted by sector in a big way. However, the wide annual the Department of Agricultural Economics, J.A.U., Junagadh. variations in rainfall affects the productivity of crops. 140 Agricultural Economics Research Review Vol. 30 (No.1) January-June 2017 The investment in fruit and vegetable processing units Table 1. Compound growth rates for area, production has increased in the state which shows a bright future and yield of vegetables in Gujarat: 1994-95 to for horticulture sector in Gujarat. Considering the 2012-13 importance of horticulture sector in the Gujarat state, District / Region Compound growth rates (% p.a.) the present study was undertaken with the following Area Production Yield specific objectives: Ahmedabad 06.96 07.31 00.33# • Compute the district-wise compound growth rates and instability indices of area, production and Amreli 11.70 10.70 -0.90# productivity of major vegetable crops in Gujarat, Banaskantha 10.23 13.70 03.15 and Bharuch 03.70 08.60 04.72 Narmada 12.71 18.75 05.36 • Study the regional disparity in growth performance Bhavnagar 04.22 * 05.83 * 01.55 * of major vegetable crops in Gujarat. Dang 18.54 22.21 03.09 * Gandhinagar 11.46 17.87 05.75 Data and Methodology Jamnagar 07.99 08.29 00.27# The district-wise time series data on area, Junagadh 07.40 08.22 00.76# production and yield of major vegetable crops of the Porbandar 02.70# 10.39 * 07.48 state were collected from the Directorate of Kutchh 06.58 12.67 05.72 Horticulture, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, for Kheda 02.49# 04.10 01.58# the period 1994-95 to 2012-13. The district-wise and Anand 04.50 * 09.73 05.00 region-wise compound growth rates (CGRs) of area, Mehsana 05.64 05.63 -0.01# production and productivity of major vegetable crops Patan 10.90 14.02 02.81# were computed using the following formula: Panchmahal 04.28 * 03.42# -0.82# Dahod 23.70 27.20 02.83# CGR (%) = (Anti log of log b–1) × 100 Rajkot 09.82 12.08 02.06# where, b is the regression coefficient Sabarkantha 10.71 15.13 03.99 Surat 08.09 11.21 02.89 The level of instability was computed from Cuddy Surendranagar 13.61 16.98 02.96 Della Valle index (Cuddy and Della, 1978): Vadodara 07.79 10.47 02.49 Valsad 03.27 * 07.93 04.52 Instability Index (I I) = CV * Navsari 07.38 14.04 06.21 where, CV is the co-efficient of variation and R2 is the Tapi 15.78 18.34 02.21# co-efficient of determination from a time trend Gujarat 07.93 10.62 02.49 regression adjusted by the number of degrees of Regions freedom. Saurashtra 07.47 08.50 00.96* North Gujarat 09.44 12.81 03.08 Results and Discussion South Gujarat 09.45 14.03 04.18 Middle Gujarat 06.68 09.05 02.22 The results of district-wise and region-wise compound growth rates as well as instability indices Source: Authors’ calculations of area, production and yield of total vegetables and Note: * indicates significance at 5 per cent level and individual vegetable crops, namely potato, onion, # indicates non-significant. The remaining CGRs are significant at 1 per cent level. brinjal, cabbage, okra, tomato and clusterbean, are presented and discussed in this paper. presented in Table 1. The CGRs and I.I. of individual Vegetable Crops vegetable crops are given in Tables 2 to 8. The compound growth of area, production and The acreage under vegetable cultivation and yield as well as instability indices of vegetables are production of vegetables increased throughout the state Suvagiya et al. : Growth Performance of Major Vegetable Crops in Gujarat State 141 at the rate of 7.93 per cent and 10.62 per cent per Table 2. Instability index for area, production and yield annum, respectively during 1994-95 to 2012-13. These of vegetables in Gujarat: 1994-95 to 2012-13 results are in conformity with the findings of Mehta District / Region Instability Index (I.I.) (2012) who observed high growth of vegetable crops in Gujarat during 2001 to 2010. Region-wise, the rate Area Production Yield of increase in area (9.45% / annum), production Ahmedabad 32.17 49.00 13.68 (14.03% / annum) and yield (4.18 % / annum) was Amreli 46.55 50.85 22.35 observed highest in South Gujarat region, followed by Banaskantha 14.00 11.21 09.40 North Gujarat region. Many districts in the state Bharuch 20.23 31.47 20.02 registered non-significant growth which was reflected Narmada 20.48 25.34 11.04 by lower productivity growth in Gujarat state (2.49 % Bhavnagar 36.71 42.25 13.44 / annum) and in all the four regions of the state. The Dang 61.93 54.08 30.10 highest rate of increase in area and production of Gandhinagar 27.11 27.06 16.52 vegetables was observed in the Dahod district while the Porbandar district depicted the highest growth in Jamnagar 25.82 34.94 17.83 yield of vegetables. Junagadh 31.16 34.43 29.52 Porbandar 63.75 74.65 24.61 The instability indices for area, production and Kutchh 31.39 29.30 27.96 productivity of vegetables in Gujarat are presented in Kheda 55.13 25.76 23.77 Table 2. The instability indices of area (11.52), Anand 23.14 26.13 21.54 production (8.36) and yield (10.71) were lower Mehsana 20.79 21.21 11.44 indicating their stability in the state. The area and Patan 30.21 38.61 23.14 production of vegetables in the Saurashtra region Panchmahal 41.40 46.93 18.31 showed more instability as compared to other regions Dahod 31.75 43.20 25.14 of the state. Rajkot 50.61 56.62 21.42 Sabarkantha 16.89 23.92 11.90 Individual Vegetable Crops Surat 25.15 26.25 11.63 Potato Surendranagar 28.48 28.75 17.20 The area, production and yield of potato increased Vadodara 16.55 21.42 09.20 at the rate of 5.95, 6.99 and 2.45 per cent per annum, Valsad 29.14 32.38 27.65 respectively in Gujarat during 1994-95 to 2012-13 Navsari 15.92 16.20 14.51 (Table 3). Mehta (2012) has also observed that the area Tapi 09.24 16.24 07.42 and production of potato increased at the rate of 6.00 Gujarat 11.52 08.36 10.71 per cent and 5.56 per cent per annum, respectively in Regions Gujarat state during 2001 to 2010.
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