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Evaluation of Iffim Public Disclosure Authorized GLOBAL PROGRAM REVIEW Public Disclosure Authorized The GAVI Alliance Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Global Program Review The World Bank’s Partnership with the GAVI Alliance Main Report and Annexes Contents ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................. V ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................................ XI PROGRAM AT A GLANCE: THE GAVI ALLIANCE ............................................................................ XII KEY BANK STAFF RESPONSIBLE DURING PERIOD UNDER REVIEW ........................................ XIV GLOSSARY ......................................................................................................................................... XV OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ XVII GAVI ALLIANCE MANAGEMENT RESPONSE .............................................................................. XXV WORLD BANK GROUP MANAGEMENT RESPONSE ................................................................... XXIX CHAIRPERSON’S SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... XXXI 1. THE WORLD BANK-GAVI PARTNERSHIP AND THE PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW ...................... 1 Evolution of GAVI ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 Funding and Results ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Purpose of the Review .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Data, Methodology, and Timeframe .......................................................................................................................... 7 2. THE WORLD BANK AS A FINANCIAL PARTNER TO GAVI ........................................................... 9 Setting up an International Finance Facility for Immunisation ................................................................................... 9 Origin and Establishment of IFFIm ........................................................................................................................................ 9 Financing IFFIm ................................................................................................................................................................... 11 IFFIm’s Governance and Management ............................................................................................................................... 13 The World Bank’s Role and Responsibilities as Treasury Manager of IFFIm ..................................................................... 13 External Evaluation of IFFIm ............................................................................................................................................... 15 Advanced Market Commitment to Spur Vaccine Development .............................................................................. 16 Origin and Establishment of the AMC ................................................................................................................................. 16 AMC Funding and Operations ............................................................................................................................................. 18 The World Bank’s Role in AMC’s Financial Platform .......................................................................................................... 19 Conclusions and Lessons on the Bank’s Contributions to Innovative Finance on Behalf of GAVI ......................... 20 3. THE WORLD BANK AS DEVELOPMENT PARTNER TO GAVI ..................................................... 21 Opportunities for Stronger Development Effectiveness in Immunization ................................................................ 21 Opportunities to Help Ensure Adequate and Sustainable Funding for Immunization ............................................. 22 Opportunities to Address Inequities in Immunization Access ................................................................................. 24 Opportunities to Coordinate Support to Health and Immunization via Global Health Partnerships ........................ 26 The Bank’s Limited Engagement in Immunization .................................................................................................. 27 Limited Bank-GAVI Country-level Engagements................................................................................................................. 30 Direct Bank-GAVI Trust Fund Collaboration Has Ceased ................................................................................................... 32 Country Visits Also Find Opportunities for Stronger Bank Engagement in Immunization ................................................... 35 i CONTENTS 4. THE BANK AS A GOVERNANCE PARTNER .................................................................................. 37 Pre-governance Reform Period .............................................................................................................................. 37 Post-governance Reform Period ............................................................................................................................. 39 GAVI’s Evolving Strategy and Relationship with the Bank ...................................................................................... 41 Lessons for Future Engagement with GAVI and other Partnership Programs ........................................................ 44 5. CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS ..................................................................................................... 47 Lessons for the Bank’s relationship with GAVI and other partnership programs. ................................................... 49 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 95 ENDNOTES ........................................................................................................................................... 99 Boxes Box 1. The International Health Partnership ..........................................................................................27 Box 2. Major Findings from Survey of World Bank TTLs .......................................................................34 Box 3. The World Bank’s Participation in GAVI Board Committees .......................................................41 Box 4. GAVI’s Phases and Strategies ...................................................................................................42 Tables Table 1. Contribution Receipts from AMC Donors, as of March 31, 2013 .............................................19 Table 2. Immunization-related Projects by Sector Board .......................................................................28 Table 3. Polio Projects, US$ million .......................................................................................................30 Table 4. References to GAVI in Country Assistance Strategies and Project Appraisal Documents, Fiscal Years 2001–11. ...........................................................................................................................30 Table 5. References to the Global Fund in Country Assistance Strategies and Project Appraisal Documents, Fiscal Years 2003–10 ........................................................................................................31 Table 6. DGF Contributions to GAVI, 2001–07 (US$ millions)...............................................................32 Table 7. Cross-Cutting Issues from Country Visits ................................................................................35 Table 8. GAVI Board and GAVI Fund Board Compositions Before the Reform, 2005 ...........................38 Figures Figure 1. Contributions and Pledges to GAVI (2000 - Present) .............................................................. 2 Figure 2. GAVI’s Commitments to Countries (from inception until August 31, 2013) .............................. 3 Figure 3. IFFIm Process ......................................................................................................................11 Figure 4. IFFIm Donor Commitments and Funds Raised, 2006-2030 .................................................12 Figure 5. Cash Received by GAVI by Source (1999-2009) .................................................................12 Figure 6. AMC Process ........................................................................................................................17 Figure 7. AMC Funding Structure (Illustrative Example) ........................................................................18 Figure 8. Immunization Operations by Sector Board and as Share of Total Projects, 2003-12 .............29 ii CONTENTS Figure 9. Regional Distribution of Immunization-related Operations ..................................................... 29 Figure 10. World Bank Immunization Operations by GAVI Eligibility ....................................................
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