COLLEGE & RESEARCH Recent Publications

Opportunities for Minorities in Librarianship, reviewed by Jessie Carney Smith . . . . . 135 Personnel Development in Libraries, reviewed by Peter Dollard ...... 137 Levine, Jamie J., and Logan, Timothy. On-Line Resource Sharing: A Comparison of BALWTS and OCLC, re"\liewed by Richard J. Talbot ...... 137 User Studies: An Introductory Guide and Select Bibliography, reviewed by Herbert S. White ...... 138 Allen, Thomas J. Managing the Flow of Technology, reviewed by Estelle Brodman . . . 139 Birmingham Libraries Co-operative Mechanisation Project. Final Report, reviewed by I Eleanor Montague ...... 140 Bibliotheek en documentatie, reviewed by Hendrik Edelman ...... 141 On-Line Bibliographic Services-Where We Are, Where We're Going, reviewed by f Sara D. Knapp ...... 142 Japan-U.S. Conference on Libraries and in Higher Education, 3d. Japanese and U.S . Research Libraries at the Turning Point, reviewed by Everett T. Moore ...... 143 Cutter, Charles Ammi. ; Systematizer, reviewed by Helen W. Tuttle ...... 145 Scholz, William H. "Computer-based Circulation Systems," reviewed by Edmond A. Menegaux ...... 146 Dranov, Paula. Automated Library Circulation Systems, 1977-78, reviewed by Ed- mond A. Menegaux ...... 146 Schlachter, Gail Ann, with Belli, Donna. Minorities and Women, reviewed by Sherrie S. Bergman ... -...... 147 McKee, Kathleen Burke. Women's Studies, reviewed by SherrieS. Bergman ...... 147 Garfield, Eugene. Essays of an Information Scientist, reviewed by Charles H. Stevens 148 Multitype Library Cooperation, reviewed by Mary A. McKenzie ...... 150 Thompson, James. A History of the Principles of Librarianship, reviewed by George S. Bobinski ...... 151 Library Budgeting: Critical Challenges for the Future, reviewed by Albert F. Maag .. 151 Srikantaiah, Taverekere, and Hoffman, Herbert H. An Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods for Librarians, 2d ed., reviewed by Perry D. Morrison ...... 153 Busha, Charles H., ed. An Intellectual Primer, reviewed by Martha Boaz .. . 154 Studies in Micropublishing, 1853-1976, reviewed by Joseph Z. Nitecki ...... 155 Blumenthal, Joseph. The Printed Book in America, reviewed by Howard W. Winger . 156 Coping with Cuts, reviewed by Albert F. Maag ...... 158 Abstracts ...... 159 Other Publications of Interest to Academic Librarians ...... 164

BOOK REVIEWS the library profession is also true in other disciplines, as the National Board on Grad­ Opportunities for Minorities in Librar­ uate Education found in its study Minority ianship. Edited, with an introduction, by Group Participation in Graduate Education E. J. Josey and Kenneth E. Peeples, Jr. (Washington, D.C., 1976). The report illus­ Metuchen, N. J.: Scarecrow, 1977. 201p. trates the nation's failure to ensure equality $8.00. LC 77-375. ISBN 0-8108-1022-0. of eduation and job opportunity for minority The editors of this career-oriented volume men and women, as supported by the fact saw a need to focus on inequalities in the that such groups represent a small fraction nation's employment by addressing the of graduate enrollment. It further points to underrepresentation of minorities in the li­ the need for improved participation of brary profession. Their ·work shows early minorities in the nation's graduate pro­ that, at the training level, what is true in grams.

I 135 136 I College & Research Libraries • March 1978

Josey and Peeples argue that, in recent that their members are naturals to fill posi­ years, minority librarians have considered tions in certain areas or communities be­ and/or utilized new strategies and ap­ cause they can relate much more closely to proaches to recruit their members into li­ the needs and interests of their minority brarianship and regard this small volume as members. a tool for achieving this end. By admission, As a recruiting mechanism, one or more the book is geared to young minority group essays under a particular ethnic heading de­ members, who, unlike other young people scribes the potential job market for the who choose careers as a result of neighbor­ minority group, the duties by type of job, hood models, have few models to influence and sources of scholarships. Too often, how­ them in their career choices. Thus Oppor­ ever, there is an overlap on certain points, tunities for Minorities in Librarianship aims such as in sources of scholarships and ALA's to "stimulate their thinking to consider a minority recruiting programs. career in this field." In addition, the editors The relatively short supply of minority li­ look upon the work as a useful tool for li­ brarians has also been attributed to the ab­ brarians, counselors, and other educators to sence of visible role models that minority introduce librarianship to their students and librarians may wish to emulate. As example, as a guide to introduce specific or narrow for the Mro-American, Patricia Quarterman aspects of librarianship to library school stu­ finds no Pam Grier and 0. J. Simpson types dents or others investigating a career in li­ among the profession. It would seen, how­ brarianship. ever, that librarianship might need to seek This collection of twenty-two essays is ar­ other strategies for attracting minority ranged in six parts and almost equally di­ members to the profession, especially since vided under topics on Native Americans, librarianship never has been or may never Chicanos, Afro-Americans, Puerto Ricans, be sensational. Even with this caveat, how­ and Asian Americans and librarianship and ever, only one essayist, Charles Townley, minority library specialists. With one excep­ gives the reader names of minority librar­ tion, the authors are themselves members ians and describes their contributions to the of those minority groups discussed in the profession. essays. Some seize this opportunity to write For minority librarians, C. K. Huang ef­ about their experiences as librarians; others fectively summarizes the problems minority aim to introduce the profession to members groups still face by asserting that such of their minority group, and all aim to serve groups continue to live "in a joint situation as a source of inspiration for the uninspired. of frustration and aspiration." But some With the exception of the Afro-American problems seem special to one or two of the writers, the authors point out the market­ groups. According to Huang, the problem is able skill of the minorities included in these compounded for the Asian American librar­ essays and the advantage they have over ian because of inappropriate educational many other Americans because of their background and because the Asian Ameri­ much needed bilingual and bicultural back­ can, who is the Chinese, the Japanese, the ground. The common threads running Filipino, and others, is a small minority through the essays are the underrepresenta­ composed of many nationalities and races tion of that particular minority group in the within themselves. Unlike other minority library profession and the demand for groups, they never can be organized as minority librarians, particularly in the larger "one." On the other hand, Native Ameri­ cities as well as in those cities that contain cans recognize their crucial plight, as illus­ large numbers of Native Americans, trated by the fact that fewer than ten Native Chicanos, Puerto Ricans, and Asian Ameri­ Americans were working as professional li­ cans. The authors argue that minority librar­ brarians in academic libraries at the time ians ar·e vital to their communities; for the article was prepared. A serious weak­ example, the Native American librarian is ness of the work, however, is the conspicu­ needed on the reservation to communicate ous absence of the Cuban American librar­ with its residents, or the Chicano librarian ian, who faces essentially the same prob- is needed to communicate with the ' lems as those groups who are included in Spanish-speaking barrios. All groups argue the work. Recent Publications I 137

In this much needed work, the level of The three papers themselves make a total readability is uneven; some of the essays are of only forty-four pages. For those not much more scholarly and others much more abreast with the current literature, Jeffrey popularly written. This approach helps to Gardner's paper could be useful. Gardner mold the work into its purpose-to attract reviews the inadequacy of salary increments the nation's young early and to guide the as a motivating device, then describes two more mature student into career choices. "new" approaches: peer review and perfor­ Even so, the problems of these groups are mance goals. Myrl Ricking's paper suggests much more easily enumerated than the so­ that "task analysis" might help "define, at lutions. The work should still serve its pur­ long last, what the profession of librarian pose well and indeed should .go a long way really is." Unfortunately, as Ricking points toward encouraging minority groups to out, her paper provides little practical ad­ enter the profession and to stimulate the na­ vice, since task analysis is "exacting . . . ir­ tion to commit itself to ensure equality of ritatingly detailed ... imd very expensive." education and job opportunities for all Paul Strauss' paper is the most interesting minorities and to honor that commitment. of the three. He makes the point that job While necessary and well intended, the few enrichment and career ladder programs fre­ federal and other institutional efforts in­ quently fail because they do not recognize itiated to counteract this problem have been that many workers prefer externally im­ too meager, too restrictive, too tempo­ posed work-structures while other workers rary.-Jessie Carney Smith, University Li­ reject such externally imposed structures. brarian and Federal Relations Officer, Fisk His distinction between "structure abetted" University, Nashville, Tennessee. and "structure threatened" individuals is useful as still another means of sorting out Personnel Development in Libraries. Edited the ·difference between professional and by R. Kay Maloney. Proceedings of the nonprofessional tasks. Thirteenth Annual Symposium Sponsored The "personnel" referred to in the book's by the Alumni and the Faculty of the title are actually professional librarians Rutgers University Graduate School of rather than library employees in general. Library Service. Issues in Library and In­ The personnel methods described are more formation Sciences, no.3. New appropriate for a large library than for a Brunswick, N.J. : Bureau of Library and small one. Peer review, for example, takes Information Science Research, Rutgers place on a collegewide basis rather than in­ University Graduate School of Library house in a small institution. The book's Service, 1976. 115p. $6. LC 77-5023. focus is therefore much more narrow than ISBN 0-8135-0843-6. (Distributed by its title implies, while the· book's brevity in Rutgers University Press.) itself restricts its usefulness. This volume constitutes the proceedings The application of modern personnel of the thirteenth annual Rutgers GSLS techniques to libraries is probably for the Alumni/Faculty Symposium, which was held good, especially when those techniques en­ in April 1975. It includes an introduction by hance the likelihood that librarians will be the editor, three papers, a discussion sec­ able to maintain and develop their prof~s­ tion, and a selected annotated bibliography. sional skills. However, this particular The discussion section-about a sixth of volume lends little to the dialogue.-Peter the book-should have been left out. It is Dollard, Alma College Library, Alma, marred by typos (management's "bag of Michigan. tracks"!), and the discussion groups too often wound up discussing tangential issues. Levine, Jamie J., and Logan, Timothy. At times, the groups seem to have missed On-Line ·Resource Sharing: A Comparison the speakers' points altogether. The bibli­ of BALLOTS and OCLC. A Guide for ography seems adequate, though its 102 an­ Library Administrators. San Jose, Calif.: notations might have been briefer and more California Library Authority for Systems informative, and it might have focused less and Services (CLASS), 1977. 121p. $5. narrowly on 1970-1975. (Available from California Library Author-