UNCLASSIFIED

High Efficiency, Low-Cost Modules

LA-UR-15-22359

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UNCLASSIFIED LA-UR-15-22359 UNCLASSIFIED

High Efficiency, Low-Cost Perovskite Solar Cell Modules High-efficiency (>15%) hybrid perovskite 3”x3” solar-cell modules with moisture stability

BACKGROUND & MOTIVATION DESCRIPTION ANTICIPATED IMPACT The problem: Need for high-efficiency Initial Results: Perovskite solar cells have the low-cost solar-cell technology, that • Proof-of-concept perovskite solar cells with high-efficiency ability to greatly increase the meets DOE SUNshot goal of approaching ~18% demonstrated by team adoption of technology: producing electricity at 0.6c/kWh. • Low cost - as much as 75% less than • State-of-the-art ~20% current Si solar cells use high-purity, single-crystalline • High efficiency - equal to and possibly semiconductors like Silicon & GaAs grown slightly greater than Si solar cell using high-cost crystal growth techniques. technology • In contrast, efficiency of solution • Realization of solar panels for grid- processed thin-film technology limited to based electricity generation 6-9% due to poor crystalline quality. • Increased adoption of solar cell • No current technology offers high- Perovskite solar cell work at LANL (Nie-Mohite) technology across the world efficiency at low-cost Enabling Technology: PATH FORWARD INNOVATION • Ability to make inch-scale thin-films for solar cell modules. Project Goal: Discovery of solution-processed mm- (moisture stability not yet demonstrated) • Achieve perovskite solar cells modules scale single-crystal growth of hybrid with >15% efficiency & stability Engineer Approaches: perovskites Next steps year 1: (A) Development of 3”x3” solar module temperature • Develop 3”x3” module thin-films with controlled thin-film coating controlled thickness using Dr. blading, • Dr. blading technique: Drag solution on hot-substrate with dip-coating & spray coating controlled speed using 4” ultra-smooth blade • Device performance Optimization: • Dip-coating: Pull substrate from solution maintained at Efficiency >15% on 3”x3” modules 0.25 mm 0.25 mm desired temperature Next steps year 2: Low temperature crystal • Spray coating: Use ultrasonic spray coater to deposit growth at LANL ultra-smooth films on hot-substrate • Encapsulation schemes using PMMA, glass-bonding and/or multilayer graphene • Ability to make mm-scale grains of (B) Long-term moisture stability (encapsulation schemes) single-crystal perovskite films with • Hydrophobic polymer coatings e.g. PMMA, PDMS, etc. • Test moisture stability & performance outdoor environment controlled thickness. • Use glass-bonding encapsulation schemes. • Crystalline quality comparable to high • Multilayer Graphene/reduced-Graphene Oxide films. Potential End Users: quality semiconductors like Si & GaAs. Current Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 3 • Solar power companies • Earth abundant material, with low-cost & • Proof-of-concept perovskite solar cells with efficiency Point of Contact: Aditya Mohte, MPA-11, easy to process approaching 18% demonstrated 505-665-2246, [email protected] UNCLASSIFIED