DOCSLIB.ORG

Game-Enhanced Simulation As an Approach to Experiential Learning in Business English

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Game-Enhanced Simulation As an Approach to Experiential Learning in Business English Game-Enhanced Simulation as an Approach to Experiential Learning in Business English Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Punyalert, Sansanee Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 02/10/2021 17:04:50 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625617 GAME-ENHANCED SIMULATION AS AN APPROACH TO EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING IN BUSINESS ENGLISH by Sansanee Punyalert __________________________ Copyright © Sansanee Punyalert 2017 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the GRADUATE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAM IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND TEACHING In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2017 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Sansanee Punyalert, titled Game-enhanced Simulation as an Approach to Experiential Learning in Business English and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ______________________________________________________ Date: 10/06/17 Chantelle Warner _______________________________________________________ Date: 10/06/17 Beatrice Dupuy _______________________________________________________ Date: 10/06/17 Jonathon Reinhardt Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________________ Date: 10/06/17 Dissertation Director: Chantelle Warner 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that an accurate acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: Sansanee Punyalert 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am incredibly indebted to so many people for the completion of this dissertation. First, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my committee members. I owe so much to Dr. Chantelle Warner, my dissertation chair, advisor, great supporter and wonderful teacher in this challenging and rewarding journey. It was she who brought me new knowledge and broadened my views as a language teacher, educator and researcher. Chantelle, thank you for your inspiration, dedication, kindness, constant support, and invaluable time and assistance throughout the dissertation stages as well as the comprehensive exams. Your support and kindness have meant so much to me, and my appreciation to you is beyond words. In addition, I acknowledge the valuable time, guidance, and encouragement of Drs. Beatrice Dupuy and Jonathon Reinhardt, who participated during the entire process of my dissertation as committee members. I was always inspired by their openness and dedication to learn and develop new ideas for language education. These are crucial characteristics of great teachers and academics. I am extremely grateful to all of these TEACHERS, and it has been a great honor to work with them. I am also indebted to the University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce (UTCC), in Thailand, where I was honored to be one of the recipients of a full PhD scholarship for my five-year studies in the SLAT program at the University of Arizona. Thank you for your generous support of my lifelong dream to pursue a doctoral degree, and for helping to make my dream a reality. In repaying your generosity and support, I am committed to my instruction and work at UTCC, to our students, and to the field of language education in the country. I want to thank all of my friends and colleagues in the United States and in Thailand for their support, kindness, and friendship throughout my doctoral studies and journey. A 5 special thanks goes to Lucy Ritter for her hugs, encouragement and friendship over the years in Tucson. Finally, I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my family for their unconditional love and support. Their love has been the greatest inspiration for me to do good deeds and move forward in life. I love all of you so very much. Thank you. 6 Table of Contents List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... 9 List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... 10 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ 11 CHAPTER 1 .......................................................................................................................... 13 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 13 New Literacy and Multiple Literacies ........................................................................ 14 Experiential Learning in the L2 Classroom ................................................................ 16 Global Simulation ....................................................................................................... 19 Goal of the Dissertation .............................................................................................. 22 Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 22 Chapter Overview ....................................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER 2 Learning Business English in Thailand: Contextual Background of the Study ................................................................................................................................................. 25 English Language Teaching in Thailand .................................................................... 25 Business Smart ........................................................................................................... 28 Business English at the University ............................................................................. 30 Towards Applied Business English ............................................................................ 37 CHAPTER 3 Literature Review: Business English Simulations for Experiential Learning ................................................................................................................................................. 40 Aspects of Teaching Business English ....................................................................... 40 Global Simulation ....................................................................................................... 45 Game-Enhanced Language Learning .......................................................................... 47 Features of Simulation Games ........................................................................ 48 Goal Orientation and Feedback Mechanisms in Games ................................. 50 7 Situated Learning in Games ........................................................................... 51 Video Gaming and Identity ............................................................................ 52 Game-mediated interactions ........................................................................... 53 CHAPTER 4 The Pedagogical Affordances of Game-enhanced Simulation …….................. 56 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 56 Simulating Business .................................................................................................... 58 A Summary of RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 Platinum (RCT3) ............................. 59 The Global Simulation: Roleplaying Tasks .................................................... 62 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................... 64 Ludology vs. Narratology: the Debate ............................................................ 64 Ludology and Narratology: An Integrated Model .......................................... 67 Methods ...................................................................................................................... 71 Findings ...................................................................................................................... 73 An Overview of Learners’ General Preferences and Experiences in Video Gaming .........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Use of Computer Simulation Games for Instructional and Recruiting Purposes in Middle School and Jr
    Use of Computer Simulation Games for Instructional and Recruiting Purposes in Middle School and Jr. High Research Experiences for Teachers (RET) 2010 Melissa Miller, Randall Reynolds Science Teacher Lynch Middle School/Math Teacher Gravette Junior High School Abstract The 2010 Summer RET program at the University of Arkansas provided an opportunity for two public school teachers to conduct further research in the area of using computer simulation games for instructional purposes as well as for the recruitment of potential industrial engineering students. Emphasis was placed on how industrial engineering concepts could be explored through the use of a simulation game that would provide a high interest classroom project based upon sound curriculum. The challenge for the project was to refine an academic competition involving a simulation-based video game relating to Industrial Engineering. The project was divided into 2 divisions, one for junior level students in grades 6 – 8 and one for senior level students in grades 9 – 12. Obviously, a major issue was designing the competitions with a proper level of difficulty for both age groups while keeping the subject matter relevant to meaningful engineering concepts and instructional frameworks. The competitions were intended to help students acquire fundamental problem solving capabilities as well as a basic understanding of some tools used in Industrial Engineering and logistics. This project was completed under the leadership of two mentoring professors: Dr. Richard Cassady and Dr. Ed Pohl, who provided guidance and also secured funding necessary to support the implementation of the competition by providing the necessary supplies through the support of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Notable Handheld Game Consoles (Source
    List of notable handheld game consoles (source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handheld_game_console#List_of_notable_handheld_game_consoles) * Milton Bradley Microvision (1979) * Epoch Game Pocket Computer - (1984) - Japanese only; not a success * Nintendo Game Boy (1989) - First internationally successful handheld game console * Atari Lynx (1989) - First backlit/color screen, first hardware capable of accelerated 3d drawing * NEC TurboExpress (1990, Japan; 1991, North America) - Played huCard (TurboGrafx-16/PC Engine) games, first console/handheld intercompatibility * Sega Game Gear (1991) - Architecturally similar to Sega Master System, notable accessory firsts include a TV tuner * Watara Supervision (1992) - first handheld with TV-OUT support; although the Super Game Boy was only a compatibility layer for the preceding game boy. * Sega Mega Jet (1992) - no screen, made for Japan Air Lines (first handheld without a screen) * Mega Duck/Cougar Boy (1993) - 4 level grayscale 2,7" LCD - Stereo sound - rare, sold in Europe and Brazil * Nintendo Virtual Boy (1994) - Monochromatic (red only) 3D goggle set, only semi-portable; first 3D portable * Sega Nomad (1995) - Played normal Sega Genesis cartridges, albeit at lower resolution * Neo Geo Pocket (1996) - Unrelated to Neo Geo consoles or arcade systems save for name * Game Boy Pocket (1996) - Slimmer redesign of Game Boy * Game Boy Pocket Light (1997) - Japanese only backlit version of the Game Boy Pocket * Tiger game.com (1997) - First touch screen, first Internet support (with use of sold-separately
    [Show full text]
  • Indoor Fireworks: the Pleasures of Digital Game Pyrotechnics
    Indoor Fireworks: the Pleasures of Digital Game Pyrotechnics Simon Niedenthal Malmö University, School of Arts and Communication Malmö, Sweden [email protected] Abstract: Fireworks in games translate the sensory power of a real-world aesthetic form to the realm of digital simulation and gameplay. Understanding the role of fireworks in games can best be pursued through through a threefold aesthetic perspective that focuses on the senses, on art, and on the aesthetic experience that gives pleasure through the player’s participation in the simulation, gameplay and narrative potentials of fireworks. In games ranging from Wii Sports and Fantavision, to Okami and Assassin’s Creed II, digital fireworks are employed as a light effect, and are also the site for gameplay pleasures that include design and performance, timing and rhythm, and power and awe. Fireworks also gain narrative significance in game forms through association with specific sequences and characters. Ultimately, understanding the role of fireworks in games provokes us to reverse the scrutiny, and to consider games as fireworks, through which we experience ludic festivity and voluptuous panic. Keywords: Fireworks, Pyrotechnics, Digital Games, Game Aesthetics 1. Introduction: On March 9th, 2000, Sony released the fireworks-themed Fantavision (Sony Computer Entertainment 2000) in Japan as one of the very first titles for its then new Playstation 2. Fantavision exhibits many of the desirable qualities for good launch title: simulation properties that show off new graphic capabilities, established gameplay that is quick to grasp, a broad appeal. Though the critical reception for the game was ultimately lukewarm (a 72 rating from Metacritic.com), it is notable that Sony launched its new console with a fireworks game.
    [Show full text]
  • A Validation of a Game-Based Assessment for the Measurement of Vocational Interest
    A VALIDATION OF A GAME-BASED ASSESSMENT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF VOCATIONAL INTEREST A Thesis submitted to the faculty of San Francisco State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Psychology: Industrial/Organizational Psychology by Hope Elizabeth Wear San Francisco, California May 2018 Copyright by Hope Elizabeth Wear 2018 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read A Validation of a Game-Based Assessment for the Measurement of Vocational Interest by Hope Elizabeth Wear, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Science in Psychology: Industrial/Organizational Psychology at San Francisco State University. Chris Wright, Ph.D. Professor A VALIDATION OF A GAME-BASED ASSESSMENT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF VOCATIONAL INTEREST Hope Elizabeth Wear San Francisco, California 2018 Game-based assessments (GBAs) are a new type of technologically-based assessment tool which allow for traditional selection concepts to be measured from gameplay behaviors (e.g., completing levels by following game rules). GBAs use game elements to create an immersive environment which changes how assessments are traditionally measured but retains the psychometric properties within the game to assess a variety of knowledge, skills and abilities. In this study we examined the validity of a GBA for use as a measure of RIASEC vocational interests from Holland (1985). Participants played the GBA as well as completed traditional measures of RIASEC interests. We compared the scores from participants for congruence across the different measures using a multitrait-multimethod matrix (MTMM).
    [Show full text]
  • Tellstory a Medialogy Project About Storytelling in Handheld Games
    TellStory A Medialogy project about storytelling in handheld games Medialogy - 10th semester Project period: 01-02-2010 to 16-06-2010 Supervisors: Tony Brooks & Kristoffer Jensen Student: David Lindholm Abstract This paper describes a project made to explore storytelling in a game on a hand-held platform. The application used in the test is a small game-like iPhone app, implemented using the iPhone SDK 3.2 and various other tools. The application tells two stories using two different storytelling tools: Non-player character (NPC) dialogue and pure text. To evaluate the impact of having a character there to tell the story versus just reading a screen of text, a small group of people were tested and interviewed. The results give some insight into what factors influence storytelling in a hand-held game, as well as the understanding of the story and storytelling preferences. ------------------------------ David Lindholm David Lindholm 2 of 55 Reader's manual The report is numbered with Arabic numerals, and the appendix is numbered using Roman numerals. When referencing other sections, both the section and page numbers will be listed. All figures and tables are numbered incrementally using Arabic numerals. When reading this report, any mentions of previous or earlier projects are to be understood as previous projects and project groups I have been involved in. Acknowledgements Parts of the test application relies on graphics that were reused from previous projects. Additionally, as there is a small amount of overlap between this project and previous works, parts of this report contain content also used in earlier reports. For those reasons, I would like to thank my former associates Razvan Enescu, Qiong Jia, and Nicolaj Hansen, for allowing me to continue the work that we started together.
    [Show full text]
  • RCTW Digital Manual V2.Pdf
    Table of Contents Game Introduction...........................................................................................................................................4 How to Get Started...........................................................................................................................................5 Saving and Loading.........................................................................................................................................6 Main Menu......................................................................................................................................................6 Game Controls.................................................................................................................................................7 Story Mode.....................................................................................................................................................10 Fame Events...................................................................................................................................................10 Building your Park.........................................................................................................................................11 Scenery.......................................................................................................................................11 Shop Systems.............................................................................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Design of Roller Coasters
    Aalto University School of Engineering Master’s Programme in Building Technology Design of Roller Coasters Master’s Thesis 24.7.2018 Antti Väisänen Aalto University, P.O. BOX 11000, 00076 AALTO www.aalto.fi Abstract of master's thesis Author Antti Väisänen Title of thesis Design of Roller Coasters Master programme Building Technology Code ENG27 Thesis supervisor Vishal Singh Thesis advisor Anssi Tamminen Date 24/07/2018 Number of pages 75 Language English Abstract This thesis combines several years of work experience in amusement industry and a litera- ture review to present general guidelines and principles of what is included in the design and engineering of roller coasters and other guest functions attached to them. Roller coasters are iconic structures that provide safe thrills for riders. Safety is achieved using multiple safety mechanisms: for example, bogies have multiple wheels that hold trains on track, a block system prevents trains from colliding and riders are held in place with safety restraints. Regular maintenance checks are also performed to prevent accidents caused by failed parts. Roller coasters are designed using a heartline spline and calculating accelerations in all possible scenarios to prevent rollbacks and too high values of accelerations, which could cause damage to riders’ bodies. A reach envelope is applied to the spline to prevent riders from hitting nearby objects. The speed and curvature of the track combined create acceler- ations that need to be countered with adequate track and support structures. A track cross- section usually consists of rails, cross-ties and a spine, while support structures can vary depending on height and loads.
    [Show full text]
  • Posibilidades Del Motor 3D De La Nintendo DS
    Posibilidades del motor 3D de la Nintendo DS Proyecto Fin de Carrera Ingenier´ıaT´ecnicade Telecomunicaciones Especialidad Imagen y Sonido Escuela Universitaria de Ingenier´ıaT´ecnicade Telecomunicaci´on Universidad Polit´ecnicade Madrid Pablo Santiago Liceras Tutor: Enrique Rend´onAngulo 9 de septiembre de 2013 Proyecto Fin de Carrera Tema: Gráficos por ordenador Título: Posibilidades del motor 3D de la Nintendo DS Autor: Pablo Santiago Liceras Titulación: Sonido e imagen Tutor: Enrique Rendón Angulo Departamento: DIAC Miembros del Tribunal Calificador: Presidente: Magdalena González Martín Vocal: Enrique Rendón Angulo Vocal Secretario: Alfonso Martín Marcos Fecha de Lectura: Septiembre 2013 Resumen La consola portátil Nintendo DS es una plataforma de desarrollo muy presente entre la comunidad de desarrolladores independientes, con una extensa y nutrida escena homebrew. Si bien las capacidades 2D de la consola están muy aprovechadas, dado que la mayor parte de los esfuerzos de los creadores amateur están enfocados en este aspecto, el motor 3D de ésta (el que se encarga de representar en pantalla modelos tridimensionales) no lo está de igual manera. Por lo tanto, en este proyecto se tiene en vista determinar las capacidades gráficas de la Nintendo DS. Para ello se ha realizado una biblioteca de funciones en C que permite aprovechar las posibilidades que ofrece la consola en el terreno 3D y que sirve como herramienta para la comunidad homebrew para crear aplicaciones 3D de forma sencilla, dado que se ha diseñado como un sistema modular y accesible. En cuanto al proceso de renderizado se han sacado varias conclusiones. En primer lugar se ha determinado la posibilidad de asignar varias componentes de color a un mismo vértice (color material reactivo a la iluminación, color por vértice directo y color de textura), tanto de forma independiente como simultáneamente, pudiéndose utilizar para aplicar diversos efectos al modelo, como iluminación pre-calculada o simulación de una textura mediante color por vértice, ahorrando en memoria de video.
    [Show full text]
  • Railroad Tycoon Deluxe Cheats
    Railroad tycoon deluxe cheats Railroad Tycoon Deluxe. Cheatbook is the resource for the latest Cheats, tips, cheat codes, unlockables, hints and secrets to get the edge to win. For Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon on the PC, GameFAQs has 15 cheat codes and secrets. Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon Deluxe PC Cheats: Go to the Regional Display and press Shift+4. It gives you $, Don't use it after you reach $30,, or. Railroad Tycoon Cheats - PC Cheats: This page contains a list of cheats, codes, Easter eggs, tips, and other secrets for Railroad Tycoon for PC. Railroad Tycoon Deluxe Extra money: ______ Press [Shift] + 4 at the top layer of maps. more money: Hold down Alt Gr an press 4 and you gett , Online Games Source for PC Railroad Tycoon Deluxe Cheat Codes, Cheats, Walkthroughs, Strategy Guides, Hint, Tips, Tricks, Secrets and FAQs. Railroad Tycoon Deluxe for PC cheats - Cheating Dome has all the latest cheat codes, unlocks, hints and game secrets you need. Cheats, hints, tricks, walkthroughs and more for Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon Deluxe (DOS). Cheats, Tips, Tricks, Video Walkthroughs and Secrets for Railroad Tycoon Deluxe on the PC, with a game help system for those that are stuck. The best place to get cheats, codes, cheat codes, walkthrough, guide, FAQ, unlockables, tricks, and Get exclusive Railroad Tycoon trainers at Cheat Happens. This page contains Railroad Tycoon Deluxe cheats, hints, walkthroughs and more for PC. Railroad Tycoon Deluxe. Right now we have 2 Cheats and etc for this. Sid Meier's Railroad Tycoon Deluxe hints. Hey all, Sharp here well don't let this game's complicated look turn you away from it.
    [Show full text]
  • RCT2PC MANUAL FRONT COVER RCT2PC Manint-New 8/23/02 9:59 AM Page 2
    RCT2PC_ManInt-new 8/23/02 9:59 AM Page 1 RCT2PC MANUAL FRONT COVER RCT2PC_ManInt-new 8/23/02 9:59 AM Page 2 ROLLER COASTER HISTORY coal-hauling. Eventually a restaurant and hotel were built at the top, and the ride attracted more than 35,000 passengers a year. It continued to operate, with It’s difficult to trace the origins of the thrill ride — for all we know, Stonehenge an amazing safety record, until it was closed in 1933. is just the ruined supports for an early roller coaster. But we do know one thing: that mind-clearing adrenaline buzz you only get from being scared out of your wits is a timeless human endeavor. Upside Down Side Way back in 1846, an Englishman apparently sold a loop-the-loop coaster ride The Ice Age to the French.This Paris attraction, called the Centrifuge Railway (Chemin du Centrifuge), featured a 43-foot high hill leading into a 13-foot wide loop.The Most coaster historians consider Russian ice slides the forerunners of roller rider would sit in a wheeled cart, pray to the physics gods, and hang on as the coasters.These large wooden structures, up to 70-feet tall, were popular car whipped down the hill and through the loop with only centrifugal force throughout Russia in the 16th and 17th centuries. Riders would use a wooden keeping the cart and rider on course. sled or block of ice to slide at up to 50 miles-per-hour (mph) down giant ice- covered wooden hills and crash-land into a sand pile at the bottom.
    [Show full text]
  • Rollercoaster Tycoon 3 Free Download Full Version Windows 10 Rollercoaster Tycoon®: Deluxe
    rollercoaster tycoon 3 free download full version windows 10 RollerCoaster Tycoon®: Deluxe. Rollercoaster Tycoon Deluxe is an enjoyable amusement park management game. With all of the available game scenarios from the original Rollercoaster Tycoon game as well as both the Corkscrew Follies and Loopy Landscapes expansion packs, this game is highly addictive and offers players an opportunity to create and manage theme parks. Corkscrew Follies, known in Europe as Added Attractions, gives players more game scenarios and an even bigger range of rollercoasters, rides and shops. Loopy Landscapes, again giving players more game scenarios to enjoy, also features some really exciting scenery and landscaping options. The main aim of Rollercoaster Tycoon is to make the ultimate theme park and meet the objective set at the start. Ranging from achieving a certain park rating and having a certain amount of guests in the park to meeting a particular profit goal, some of these objectives can be as challenging as they are fun to complete. The greatest thing about this game is the fact that players can not only choose from a wide selection of pre-built rollercoasters and rides, but can also design and construct their own. This massively contributes to the main attraction of the game which is to be able to create the biggest, scariest and most crowd-attracting rollercoasters possible. However, Rollercoaster Tycoon is not just about making an exciting theme park for guests to enjoy. Players will need to cover construction costs, invest in marketing research for new rollercoasters and in-park attractions, employ staff and pay for advertising campaigns to draw in more guests.
    [Show full text]
  • My Two Cents on Tencent Marknaden Tencent Verkar På Främst Två Marknader
    My two cents on Tencent Marknaden Tencent verkar på främst två marknader. Gaming/Spel och Sociala nätverk. 2018 växte totala spelmarknaden med 13.3% YoY. Mobilspel växte med 25.5% och utgör idag 51% av intäkterna. Detta förväntas bara bli större. Marknaden väntas växa med 11% i snitt från 2012 till 2021. Digital marknadsföring utgör 45.9% av totala marknadsföringen. Totala marknadsföringsmarknaden växer med ungefär 3-4% per år. Digital marknadsföring växer självfallet snabbare och väntas växa med cirka 17.6% under 2019. I Kina utgjorde digital marknadsföring 65.3% av TAM (Total Adressable Market). Digital marknadsföring väntas växa med 11.08% CAGR mellan 2018 och 2022. Bolaget Tencent är det största bolaget i den globala spelindustrin sett till storlek och genererar 70% mer intäkter än den näst största spelaren. 2018 gick de om FB och tog tronen som världens största “social media”-bolag med ett börsvärde på 580 BUSD. Numera har Facebook återtagit tronen. Tencent sitter på en marknadsförings guldgruva. Bara cirka 20% av de totala intäkterna kommer från online marknadsföring. Jämför detta med Facebook som får 98% av intäkterna från online marknadsföring. Detta har att göra med att Tencent inte vill förstöra användarupplevelsen och självfallet för att de har så mycket intäkter från andra håll. De är inte ett “renodlat social media bolag”. Tencent bildades 1998 av Pony Ma och fyra vänner. Deras första produkt OICQ, som var ett gratis PC instant message program som senare döptes om till QQ, lanserades 1999. De lyckades få ihop en miljon användare första året men lyckades aldrig gå med vinst. 2001 lanserade de istället MobileQQ som då är en meddelandeplattform för mobiltelefonen.
    [Show full text]