History of Hot Springs Village, Arkansas 1970 – 2000 Updates Through 2004 Included
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History of Hot Springs Village, Arkansas 1970 – 2000 Updates through 2004 included CH. 1 – THE BEGINNING OF HOT SPRINGS VILLAGE The beginning of Hot Springs Village was described by Sandra Long in The Record, a publication of the Arkansas Historical Society. (Long, Sandra. “From the Dark Corner to a Thousand Points of Light.” The Record, 1995, Garland County Historical Society). MARBLE TOWNSHIP – THE DARK CORNER The “Dark Corner” of north Garland County where Hot Springs Village is located has a colorful though somewhat obscure history. In prehistoric times, lying just north of the fabled valley of No-wa-sa-lon (the place of healing waters), it was often traversed by bands of Indians who forged trails along the paths of least resistance as they journeyed to the magic springs. Later, according to some historians, the notorious conquistador Hernando DeSoto may have used one of these trails to arrive at Hot Springs in the fall of 1541. This romantic legend, of course, provides the basis for the Spanish theme around which modern builders created the ambient of Hot Springs Village. The main thoroughfare is called DeSoto Boulevard, all the other streets bear Spanish names, and the official logo of the community depicts the helmeted head of a Spanish conquistador. The Indians and Spanish explorers, however, were not the only early travelers in this area. The 1700’s saw French control of the lower Mississippi, and French trappers made their way along the old trails and streams to trade with the Indians for valuable furs, bear oil, and various minerals. The earliest maps of the area are in French, and many of the French names such as Glazier Peau, Fourche La Farve, and Petit Jean have survived to modern times. When pioneers began to settle the area in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, they made their roads and stagecoach routes along the same old trails, some of which became paved streets in Hot Springs Village after 1970. Prior to 1873 the area later occupied by Hot Springs Village was designated as Marble Township and was located in Saline County. When Garland County was formed in 1973, a portion of the northwest corner of Saline County was moved across the border, thus dividing the old Marble Township between the two counties. Even though it now lies partly in Saline and partly in Garland County, the large township maintained its identity as one community just as Hot Springs Village does today. Though the large area occupied by Marble Township was sparsely populated, mostly by farmers who scratched out their livings in bottom lands along the middle fork of the Saline River, Brush Creek, and Mill Creek, several small communities developed. In the early part of the twentieth century familiar names in and around the area were Old Beaudry, Marble, Whittington, Jessieville, Bethlehem, Mountain Valley, and Blue Springs. Marble had a school and a church which is one of the oldest surviving churches in the state today. Whittington had a post office and a stage stop inn. Two of the most important gathering places in the Township were Aiken’s Store and Post Office and White’s Mill, both of which were located where Lake Cortez in the Village now lies. Many dramatic events took place in Marble Township before and after the turn of the century. There were Civil War troop movements and skirmishes with Jayhawkers. Among the mountain people stories abounded of family feuds, weird superstitions, murders, and thievery. Heavily populated with moon shiners who found the secluded mountains to be ideal hiding places for their stills, the place developed an unsavory reputation as wild and dangerous, and thus came to be called the “Dark Corner” of Garland County.” HOT SPRINGS VILLAGE – A NEW VISION “The real story of the development of the Village tells of the happy coming together of several individuals who had the vision, the expertise, and the means to make a dream come true. It is a story of careful stewardship of the priceless gifts of nature and of success beyond any of the original hopes. John A. Cooper, Sr., an Arkansas native, was one of the first builders to conceive the possibility of well-planned, self- contained communities that would fill the needs of a rapidly growing population of healthy, affluent retirees. After several failed attempts to get his idea off the drawing board in the 1960s, he was able to create a model community near Hardy in northeast Arkansas. With the success of Cherokee Village, he was on the way to a spectacular future. By 1969, the John A. Cooper Company had become one of the nation’s most successful planned community builders and, as the nationally recognized founder of a new industry, was ready for major expansion. At that time, two other influential men entered the picture with similar ideas for the location of an ambitious new retirement community project near Hot Springs. They were Senator Bud Canada, a long-time friend of Cooper and Peter D. Joers, president of the Dierks Coal & Lumber Company. Senator Canada had been impressed by Cooper’s concept of retirement communities and helped clear the way for their successful development by participating in legislation that allowed such developments to be incorporated under the laws of the State of Arkansas. As a former Garland County Sheriff, Canada was familiar with the forested Ouachitas in the northern part of the county and sought to convince his friend that this would make an ideal setting for a Cooper project. At the same time, Peter D. Joers, had his own vision of land development in the same area overlapping Garland and Saline Counties. He had proposed that Cooper purchase a section of land southeast of Jessieville from Dierks for the development of a new retirement complex. Cooper came to Hot Springs in December of 1969 to meet with Canada for a tour of the property. After flying over the rolling terrain, he immediately saw its possibilities and the two men went straight to Joer’s office to discuss the project. Just two weeks later the deal was made. On December 23, 1969, the Cooper Company acquired 20,000 acres from Dierks Forests, Inc., a subsidiary of the Weyerhaeuser Company. 2 At a press conference during a meeting of the Arkansas Industrial Development Commission on January 21, 1970, company president John A. Cooper, Jr. announced plans for the immediate development of Hot Springs Village. The project was off and running at an incredibly rapid pace. After ground breaking on February l5, the Village was officially opened on June l with the completion of the beautiful entrance park and an impressive, rustic stone building to house sales and administration offices, both designed by Arkansas’ premier architect, E. Fay Jones from the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville. This building was occupied immediately by 50 agents intent on promoting the concept of the Village and attracting prospective property buyers. Plans for development of the first 4,000 acres called for an 18-hole championship golf course designed by Edmund Ault of Bethesda, Maryland, an elegant club house designed by E. Fay Jones, four parks, and a 200-acre lake all to be completed by the end of 1971. Infrastructure which provided for paved streets, electricity, water supply, telephone service, trash collection, and sewage disposal as well as police and fire protection promised all the state-of-the-art conveniences that could be found in the most modern of cities. All of these amenities, along with the beauty of the setting and the excitement of the rapid development which could be seen all around, must have fired the imaginations of many who were enticed to visit the location by Cooper’s efficient promotional efforts. Peter Joers, who had retired from Dierks, became the first property owner when he purchased a lot in May. Having first pick, Joers chose a prime location which would overlook the soon-to-be-constructed DeSoto lake. Joers was followed by a number of other property owners during the next few months, and by November of that first year the Property Owners’ Association had been formed and the first 21 homes were under construction. Through the active promotions of national sales offices which were established in Columbus, Akron, and Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Chicago, Dallas, and Philadelphia, the Cooper Company expected to host 15,000 visitors to Hot Springs Village in 1970 and 25,000 in 1971. To accommodate all of these prospective buyers during the developmental state of the Village, the Company purchased the 350-room Velda Rose Motor Inn in downtown Hot Springs and made arrangements for guests to use the Belvedere clubhouse, golf course, and swimming pool while in the area to tour the Village. By 1972, however, the Village had its own facilities to provide these amenities. The elegant DeSoto Club and golf course were open, Lake DeSoto had been filled, and there was a large, picturesque, outdoor swimming pool. Guests could be housed in a number of speculation, model houses that had been built by the Company and were available for purchase or rental. In the beginning, the 20,000 acres of rugged hills which were purchased for Hot Springs Village did indeed seem to be a “dark corner” of the state. Composed of thick, barely penetrable forest; huge craggy upliftings of boulders; and rocky soil, this wilderness had held little promise of productive use for any but the timber industry. Yet, in just two short years after its acquisition by the Cooper Company, the first 4,000 acres were transformed into the nucleus of a new community that was to take its place very soon as one of Arkansas’ most beautiful and productive small cities.